Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

led away from the simplicity of the Gospel by their Political leaders, who mistaking licentiousness for liberty, were deter mined to cast off all restraints both Civil and Ecclesiastical. That Uni verbalism may have been advocated by many great minds in Germany, prior to Dr. T.’s birth, may be true. That such may be the case after his death, is very probable. But this is no argument in favor of its truth. For whilst Germany has always (in modern times at least,) been renown ed for its learning and. its advances in science and the arts, it has also been the birth-place of more errors in Religion than almost any other country. If I understand your position up on this point, it may be stated thus: —“ Universalism was ad vocated bv man} 1 great minds in Germany, long before iliol uck was born, and will live and flourish long after he is dead! Therefore , Universalism is true. I will state another propo sition, which, I think, is equally as logical : —‘‘Rationalism ex isted in Germany, long ere Dr. T. was born, and will live and flourish after he is dead.” Therefore Rationalism is title. But, lam admonished to conclude. I have reviewed your letter dispassionately and I hope respectfully. lain, I hope, not capable of intentionally misrepresenting or offending any one. I seek a controversy with no man. I prefer seclusion, to the strife of party and the conflict of opinions. Yet, with what little ability I possess, I am ever ready to defend my opinions , when they become the subject of dispute. Such is not the case in the present instance. Hoping that we may both be guided to a perception and practice of ‘‘the truth as it is in Christ.” I remain, yours, respectfully, P. A.. STROBEL. Macon, Ga. 3d August, 1850. (Cum'SjMiunuT. JLETTERS from WASHINGTON. Washington, July 28th, 1850. The Compromise Bill is still in very imminent danger, not so much from the opposition of Mr. Benton as from the Southern ultras who are now fighting it under his lead. Benton has selfish views in his opposition to the Bill: he wants to be the Free Sod candidate for the Presidency in 1852; but that Southern men should assist him and provoke the very evil they complain of—perpetuate the very agitation which, they say, endangers their personal security and the security of their property, is altogether inexplicable. 1 es, it is certain now, that Mr. Benton is the acknowledged leader of the opponents of the Bill, and that such men as Jeff. Da vis, Mason, Hunter, Turney, Ac. are following him, in serri ed phalanx through all the ravings of his self-worshiping ego tism. Benton has no other object in the world than to de feat the “Omnibus,” as he calls it, in order to admit Califor nia by herself; and though there is some chance, at this late period of the session, of defeating that measure also, yet what will the South gain by wasting a whole session of Con gress in doing nothing ? Agitation will commence in the recess with redoubled fury. The Free Soilers will charge the defeat of California on the moderate men of the North, who were willing to give the South an equivalent for the admission ot California. Mr. Jihett's disunion speech will be paraded on the stump, and .the consequence will be that the moderate men will lose their •election, and that the Free Seilers will return a majority of Congressmen. Meanwhile, will the South be able to carry slaves to California ? Assuredly not. The same doubt, the same suspense, the same uncertainty will hang over that spe cies of property, which prevented its introduction, in large quantities, for the hist three years, and aversion to slavery will only grow greater and more potential in California than before. The people of California will, of course, feel insult ed at having their Senators and members returned to them without having been suffered to take their seats in the Con gress of the Union—they will find themselves without appro priations for Dock Yards, for schools, for rivers and harbors, and without a mint. They will ascribe all these failures to the opposition of the South—to Southern Ultraism and to slavery, and cherish a double hatred to the institution which has thus interfered with their immediate wants. Os course they will enact the most stringent laws against its introduc tion in California, and the Mormons aud the people of New Mexico wilbsympatliise with them, and so will all our large •commercial cities, North, whose merchants are making for tunes in the California trade. Public sentiment in the non-slave-holding States, therefore, will not improve by the defeat of the Compromise Bill—it will grow worse—it will force the most moderate menentire 1. off the political stage, and compel the weak-minded and timid to plunge at once into ultraism. The next Congress will witness a complete reorganization of the Free Soil party under the lead of Benton and Sew ard—a party which will not only press California, but New Mexico and Utah for ad mission into the Union as States with the avowed and de termined purpose to restrict slavery now and forever to its present limits. Mr. Benton, to be sure, will not be in the Senate, for liis defeat in Missouri is certain; but he will re main here in Washington directing the movement of politi cians, establishing papers, publishing tracts and pamphlets, in short, do every thing that can serve his end. I doubt much whether the South is wise or politic in putting its worst enemies in the North in the saddle, and unhorsing its North ern friends. It is certainly a perfidious game, rendering it liaVletothc charge of “punic faith” and serving as a warn ing to Northern men to not again rely too easily on South ern support. “The South,” it will be said, “is just as wil ling to sacrifice and destroy those who do not fully agree with them on all points, as their professed and avowed enemies.” Confidence in that chivalry, which does not abandon a friend on slight grounds, and leave him exposed to the merciless bows of a common foe, will bo lost forever. Mr. Rhett’s disunion speech has produced a perfect horror at the North and here in Washington. It is unmercifully condemned, as a treasonable document, and as is usual, ex cites contempt, indignation and resentment. It is a docu ment which gives the Free Soilers and abolitionists anew and fertile text to preach from, to poison the public mind, and to sow the seeds of hatred and revenge. I heard north cm, not Free Soil members, say “this is a question of nationali ty in which we are all interested; but we will not treat with South Carolina, we will put her down.” This is a horrid sentiment; but it came from one of the most prominent mem bers from the Shite—aye, from the city of New-York— though a vast majority of the population of the Empire city is in favor of the compromise now before Congress—there is not a man in that city who does not indignant at Mr. Rhett, and who would not if called upon, defend American ism, against the provincialism of such a mad cap. Now a word as to the Missouri Compromise line, 30. 30. to the Pacific, or fight. M ould that lino actually granted benefit the South l I believe not. The concurrent testimo ny of every person who lias ever been there goes to prove that not only is the soil aud surface of the country in the southern portion less susceptible of Slave labor, and the peo ple too, far more opposed to it than they are in the Northern parts of that distant province; and that, consequently, in all human probability, South California will be as much of a free State as North California, and, in less than ten years—per haps in less time—apply for admission as such into the Un ion. In all the Southern parts of California, up to 36 30, but twenty-one votes were cast against the constitution of Cali fornia as it stands with the prohibition of slavery in it; and it stands to reason, that as soon as California is divided, the rush of settlers to it from the North, will be greater than from the South, and give the preponderance to free labor; as long as the principal means ot communicating with California is the ocean, the commercial and navigating population of the Union, will have the advantage over the agriculturists; prac tically, therefore, the South gains nothing by the division of . California, but she may, and probably will, loose political pow er. As to the remaining territories of New Mexico and Utah, the South certainly gains more, and the constitution suffers less, b> organizing for them territorial governments, without the Wilmot Proviso, or any slavery restriction, than by apply ing the Missouri line to it. The Missouri Compromise pro hibits slavery north of 36 deg. 30, while the Bill as it now stands, allows the South to settle any portion of it with their slaves, leaving it to the people of ihe Territory whether they will eventually come, as a free State or a slave State into tlie l nion. But there is yet another advantage which the Com promise plan of the Senate has over the Missouri line. The Senate plan takes from Congress tho power of legislating for slavery in the Territories, at least, it declares that Congress lias no such power, and if Congress has no power to legis late for slavery in the Territories, niueh less can it interfere with that institution in the States. This re-affirmation of the Constitution, will go far to quiet the public mind of the North. The Missouri Compromise, on the contrary, as sumes to legislate for slavery, and by that means re-opens tiie whole question, and with it the doors to agitation and fa naticism of the worst description. But it lias been said, Mr. Buchanan, of Pennsylvania, is tor the Missouri Compromise. Well, if Mr. Buchanan is for the Missouri Compromise, why has he not the courage to speak out boldly like a man ? Why do his organs defend him from the mere imputation of being hostile to the present Bill? Why does not his organ, “the Pennsylvanian ,” come out for the Missouri line? If Mr. Buchanan lias made promises in private, it seems he has not courage enough to avow them in public, though repeatedly urged to it by the press of his own State. Again, there is not one member from Pennsylvania here in Congress, in favor of the Missouri line, aud both Senators from Pennsylvania have already vo ted against the amendment of Mr. Soule, which proposed that line. In addition to all that, the Democratic Williains burgh Convention of Pennsylvania, re-enacted and re-adop ted the Baltimore Platform of non-intervention, while the Whig Convention of the same State, held at tho city of Phil adelphia, adopted the plan of General Taylor. The South, therefore, by leaning on Mr. Buchanan, lean on a broken reed. Air. Buchanan dare not avow his sentiments in public, and will be crushed, if he is not crushed already, in his native State, by merely being suspected of intrigue or collusion with the Southern ultras. Rely on it, Mr. Rhett's speech lias kil led Bucliauan in Pennsylvania, and that in no case will he get the nomination even of his own State. There is reason to hope that we shall have a final vote on the Bill to-morrow, unless Benton and his ultra Southern co adjutors defeat the object by technical obstacles. Mr. Ewing, of Ohio, takes the place occupied by Mr. Cor win, and Air. Everett, in all probability, tliatof Mr. Webster. Ewing is of course, against the Bill, but. great hopes are en tertained as to Mr. Everett, who is too great a man to be a bigot, a proviucialist, or a sectarian in politics. The Cabinet is not yet definitely organized, Messrs. Web ster, Ilall and Corwin, are the only members as yet present in Washington. It is not yet known who will take Mr. Pearce’s place, who has declined the Department of the Interior; but it is believed Air. Conrad, of Louisiana, will be the man. ANTI-DISUNION. WASHINGTON, Aug. 3d, ISSO. Ihe alliance of the Southern and Northern ultras —the nullifiers and freesoilers, aided by adventitious circumstances, has at last succeeded in killing the compromise bill. By 1 uesday night it was in sueli a condition, that, had not the friends of the bill given way to a motion to adjourn, it would have passed that evening; but on Wednesday morning, Air. Pearce of Maryland introduced an amendment which became at once apparent to tlie friends of the bill, would destroy it. ( ia) r , Dickinson, Douglas and Foote, entreated him not to offer it. They warned him of the danger, showed him how the same object might be attained by a different phraseology, and how, by the alteration of a single line, and the insertion of a few words, the amendment might have been made ac ceptable to every compromise-man in the Senate. Foote, Dickinson, and Douglas, however, lost their labor on Air. Pearce, who felt inclined to take the advice of the worst ene my of the bill, (tliatof Air. Alason of Virginia), rather than tliatof its champions, which was to make two seperate mo tions instead of one, —a motion to strike out and another to insert, which two motions might have been made at once un der the third rule. In this manner did Air. Pearce succeed in destroying the whole of Bradbury’s amendment, which had been adopted the day before ; when the motion was af terwards made to insert, it was lost; and thus the most im portant provision of the bill—tlie settlement of tlie Texas boundary question and the establishment of a territorial gov ernment in New Alexico, were thrown out of tlie bill. I rom that moment, no one seemed to care about the fate of the bill. It was no longer a compromise, it contained nothing but the admission of California, and tho establish ment of a terrirotorial government for Utah. The freesoil ers were then anxious to redeem their promise to the South ern ultras,-(so as to be even with them, and betray them af terwards), and voted for striking out all that related to’ Cali fornia, which motion carrying, there was nothing left of the whole b.ll but Utah, and in that eviscerated state, the bill was at last past to a third reading, and on Thursday morning is was passed and sent down to the House. Let us take a calm review of the subject, and see where we are likely to land. The bill was lost chiefly by Southern votes. There were fifteen Northern Senators, (just one half of them) willing to vote for the bill in the shape in which it was left on Tuesday even'ng ; but the ultra Southern men would not be satisfied with any thing short of 36 degrees 30 min., with a positive recognition of slavery south ot the line, and their opposition, in a body, put the bill from the first day it was reported from the Committee of Thirteen in imminent jeopardy. The fin ishing stroke was given by Air. Pearce of Maryland and Air. Underwood of Kentucky, both of whom were long ago sup posed to be rather in favor of General Taylor’s plan of set tling the question ; that is, they were more Northern in their feelings on tlie subject than those Northern Senators who, for the sake of giving peace to the country, were willing to vote for the bill. The North then is clearly not responsible for the failure of the bill. Had there been as many Southern Senators in favor of it, as there were Northern Senators rea dy to sacrifice their own positions to aid the bill, it would have passed ; because thirty would have been an absolute majority. On the Southern ultras, therefore, rests the whole responsi bility of its defeat. A\ hat will be done next ? Why, precisely what I predicted. The California bill will be taken up and passed, without a di vision ot the State or territory, without either Foote’s amend ment of confining the boundary to 35 degrees 30 minutes, or the Alissouri line of 36 degrees 30 minutes; or any other a mendment favoring ultra Southern views. On that subject, the Northern freesoil allies of the Southern ultras, with whom they have been billing and cooing for the last eight weeks, will understand no joke, now ; hence nothing but a revolu tionary movement can defeat the admission of California.— I bis is the condition to which the action of the Southern ul tras lias reduced the country. There was an idea'that Con gress would break up in a row—that nothing would be done —that everybody would feel disgusted and disheartened ; but all these hopes of the mischief-makers have been disappointed. Air. Clay on Thursday last took occasion to read Air. Pearce and Mr. Underwood a lecture, and to denounce the factionista North and South, as the worst enemies of the country. He plainly alluded to their object—the dissolution of the Union—and vowed that what was left him of life and energy should be devoted to the support of the General Gov ernment. It was, perhaps, best that our Institutions should be tried thus early, to show that, under them, the govern ment has the strength to put down traitors. Mr. Clay’s speech was followed by a crash in the galleries—aloud, long beating of bands, striking of canes, exclamations of delight, and every other indication of enthusiastic and unmeasured approbation, which in turn brought forth a lecture from the \ ice President, pro tern ., Air. King, who addressed the gal leries on their violent impropriety ; but had the good sense not to order them to be cleared, as this in the highly excited state of the audience and the Senate, might probably have led to a scene. Air. Clay was followed by Air. Alason, one of the most un reasonable men in the whole Senate, who labors under the hallucination that the mantle of John C. Calhoun lias fallen upon him, and that the mantle necessarily carries with it, the brains of the man that wore it. Mr. Alason made a reg ular disunion speech, and Air. Butler, of South Carolina, fol lowed him in a more temperate strain, when General Foote, rose, and castigated both Nullifiers in a terrific strain of liumu rous satire and withering sarcasm. He kept the Senate and the galleries for about an hour, in a roar of laughter, and concluded with reading passages from General Jackson’s proclamation against nullification. Tho whole produced a soothing effect, though the ultras felt mortified, yet the wit and pleasantry put all the rest'll such excellent humour, Jiat the Senate adjourned in a very peaceful mood, and in a condition of temper which led us to hope for some kind of settlement during the present session. The chances now are that tlie California bill which has already been read twice will psss early next week, and that all amendments which the South may offer in regard to the division of the State, will be lost. Air. Foote’s amendment was to divide Califor nia by the parallel of 35 degrees 30 minutes, that however, was amended to 36 degrees 30 minutes, and in that shape voted down, after Mr. Badger, of North Carolina, had first spoken against it. It did not receive one Northern vote and never will, under any cir cumstances , and any event Wmm ®i©m &i & sisiisi. in or out of Congress. Its rejection is now a point of \ honor with the whole North; for there is not a Northern man who is not positively committed against it, except per haps Air. Buchanan, of Pennsylvania, who is too much of a ] moral coward to avow his sentiments, although he has been repeatedly urged to do so. Neither Dickinson, nor Cass, nor Bright, nor Sturgeon, of Pennsylvania, will ever vote for the Alissouri line. It is of no practical advantage to the South, as it would only bring in two free States instead of one, and for a mere abstraction, those Northern men, who have thus far stood by the South, with a devotion which de served a better fate, will not dig their own political graves. The fact is Northern Senators have done making advances to the Nullifiers, and will not stretch out a finger to save them. These are the practical consequences of the defeat of the Compromise bill. On Alondav next Air. Pearce, who feels excessively mor tified by Air. Clay’s strictures, and the strictures of the Ma ryland press, will introduce a Bill for the settlement of the Texas boundary question—the offer to consist of latitude 33 deg. and $10,000,000; and then a territorial bill for New Alexico will undoubtedly be introduced and past. We are now imitating Cortez, who, being unable to carry his ship over the mountains, had to take it to pieces, and then to re construct the vessel on the Pacific. We shall not lose a sin gle plank, and we shall all do it before we adjourn. If this Congress were to adjourn without settling the question, not one moderate man from the Nortli would be returned to the next. The North might probably send here none but ultras; and the North would revive the'Wilmot proviso. Fanaticism would again sway the country from Alaine to Texas. The Cabinet is not yet complete, and will not be made up definite ly before Alonday next. Air. Bates has positively declined accepting any office. ANTI-DISUNION. LETTER from Ft. GAINES. Fort Gaines July 27th, 1850. Dear Citizen :—That placo Albany, on the Flint, is a fair picture of a deserted village—of al 1 but musquitos and such like. 1 had not the pleasure of a gallant by “Sanclio” nor of a visit to Sir Richard, —the latter being absent at Savannah, and the former not to be seen. There arc but few “Fire ea ters” there. The Lion is one, and some Yankees complete the group. A word to the latter portion may not be ill-timed. Do you think that the people of the South believe in your constancy and attachment to their interests, when there is a higher and greater National interest, (and without which you would be worse than brute), to make you at least neu tral, if not the other way? You claim to have fathers, mothers, sisters, and brothers, North; and yet you would say fight, revolution and disunion. For shame, it is too beastly and unnatural for those of the South to believe it, —and if you were to carry out what you say, you would be too base aud too degraded to be trusted by Southern hearts. Lee, County Court met on the third Alonday of this month. There was not much business done, the Judge’s health be ing yet bad. There was a “Union” meeting there. E. R. B. , of Sumter county, delivered himself of a speech on the occasion, well-timed aud well made. There is yet to be another on Friday the 26th inst., a regular jubilee and bar becue. The people of Lee are “workies” and are for peace and the Union. The Supreme Court convened at Amcricus, on the 23rd inst: Present, Judges Nesbitand Lumpkin.—Judge AVar ren was absent, because of sickness in his family. On mon day, the people had a “Union” meeting, and passed resolu tions. There did not seem to be many there for disunion.— They were against the hot-headed rebellionists. Col. B was there, and distributed largely, in bundles, his Nashville Convention Resolutions and Address, in pamphlet form. J udge T , was there, and I assure you they had hot times, lie no doubt wishes he had not domiciliated with these “Quattlebuin” people. A thatched cottage is sometimes better than a shingled or tinned roof! There was at Lowell in Randolph county on the 16th inst., a barbecue, a social party concern, and not intended for politics. Air. 11., Capt. W., and Col. T , were the Com mittee of arrangements, and a few days before, Col. T. in vited some of tlie u Fire Eaters ,” from that Indian village “£i//flla” to come to said place, and disgorge themselves of their already fly-blown subject—“ Disunion.” None were invited from Cuthbert, and as 1 have learned, they knew ‘ nothing of it until too late. I should like to know what rank or grade tlie Shorter family is to occupy, when by the aid of Victoria rex, they make a petty monarchy here. Poor fellows 1 I fear their alliances will be short indeed. There was the Rev. Judge B. present. Old gentleman be easy, for you are as near being Archbishop on earth or in Heaven as you will ever be. The Baker came down with his bread baked, as he thought, but it was all dough. After several set speeches, which smelt of Nashville Convention dis union oil, from the last aforesaid personages, one nephew of Col. T. arose to the height of four feet, as pugnacious as any thing of tlie name, and attempted to fire upon these peaceable people a volley of resolutions, which gave out an odor of sweat, grease, and old age, ratifying the “ Nashville Convention,” and thinking in that way to take a snap-judg ment. The people present would not hear them nor suffer them to receive their approbation, but frowned them and their man down w ith contempt, declaring it was a social party and not a political meeting. So that this pugnacious little gentleman's squib of powder exploded in his breeches pock et. Aly dear little fellow, we have as much use for you as we have for a little soft soap when our hands are soiled, so be not so conspicuous. * After this, the whole affair went off pretty well. It was a pleasant, agreeable and social party, and would have been so from the beginning, but for these “Fire Eaters,” or as the people call them, these Alabama Red Hots, to mar its peace and happiness. They, it is hoped, will learn, hereafter, not to insinuate or intrude themselves upon genteel company. There was plenty to eat, and every comfort that was necessa ry. The people of this Georgia Lowell, are the right kind of thriving and industrious people. Col. G. of this placo was present, and Col. S. of the Ordinary department, for once, showed lie had sense, by being modest for once. Col. B. of this place and not of Blakely, was there in full length, wink ing and snuffling the popular dust, for the next Senatorship, also G. B. AY., who is acquainted with the Revd. Senator AA r . T. C.—The most notable thing about him is, that lie sneezes every time the said Revd. AY r . T. C. takes snuff. lie was, on this occasion, beyond the reach of his olfactory magnet. Yours truly. WIRE GRASS. FETTER from WETFHPKA. AA'etumpka, July, 28th, 1850. Dear Doctor : —A considerable period lias elapsed since I have had any correspondence with you, and probably you may think it high time that I should resume my pen for the pur pose of contributing my mite towards filling up the columns of your paper. AVhether I can furnish anything sufficiently interesting to your readers, it will be for you to determine ; but, as you have correspondents in different sections of the country, I have concluded that, perhaps, you would like to hear occasionally from this place. AA etunipka began to be built up some eighteen or twenty years since, and for a while grew and prospered finely, but the pressure of 1836 operated severely upon the place, and for a number of years it has been declining. Many of the houses are now in a dilapidated condition, and the prospects of the place have for years appeared to be gloomy, but we cher ish the hope that a reaction is about to take place. This hope is founded upon the fact, that a spirit of improvement lias been awakened among our citizens. The people here are all alive on the subject of Plank Roads. The Legislature of Al abama, at its last sitting, granted us a charter for a Plank Road from hereto Montgomery, to be called the Montgomery and AA’etumpka Plank Road, and auother charter for a road Irom this to Gunter’s landing, te be called the Alabama Central 1 lank Road. I his road will leud through the rich counties of lalladega, and Benton. The stock on the first, was all ta ken in a few days after the books were opened; and sufficient stock is taken on the latter, to carry the road into the fertile valley of lalladega. The work has been commenced, and is progressing rapidly. Three steam-mi 11s are already in ope ration in the vicinity of AA'etumpka, and a fourth will shortly be started, to furnish lumber for the road, which has been gra ded, and the plank laid down for several miles. Thus we hope soon to regain a considerable share of the trade which, has been diverted, by the supineness of our citizens, to other places. So mote it be. This is a great place for Barbecues. AA’e have had two licie dui ing the present mouth. Ihe first was on the glorious Fourth, when we had a great Temperance Rally, on which occasion it is supposed that two thousand persons at least were present. A boat was chartered at Montgomery to bring up passengers from that city, and it was crowded with persons wishing t> see our proceedings, and to take part in them. A beau tit in liannerwas presented to the Temple of Honor by Mias Ready, in behalf of the ladies of Wetumpka, and ac cepted by Malcolm Graham, on behalf the Temple. The Banner was painted by Mr. Thompson, an Artist of this place. The addresses both of Miss Ready and Mr. Graham, were exceedingly well written, and handsomely delivered. When this part of the ceremony was finished, Judge Dougherty made a very able effort in favor of the great cause of Tem perance, followed by an address from Col. J. J. Hutchin son, equally able. Permit me, in conclusion on this subject, to say, that the Temperance cause is flourishing finely here, as you may well suppose, by the efforts that are making to ad vance it. We have a large Division of the Sons, and a Tem ple of Honor increasing in numbers constantly. The other Barbecue to which allusion was made, came off yesterday. It was given on the occasion of ratifying the ac tion of the Nashville convention, and we had the honor of having two of our Ex-Governors present to address us from the stand, viz, Fitzpatrick and Bagby—individuals too, who have represented us in the Congress of the United States— men who knew what was said of us in the Halls of Congress by Northern members, in regard to our being slave-holders; and as they depicted the wrongs of the South, it was enough to excite the indignation of every man who heard them. Both these men were against the compromise proposed by Mr. Clay, and the plan suggested by Gen. Taylor. Indeed they were opposed to compromise in any shape ; for thef contended that it was a yielding of principle—a yielding of a portion of our rights, but for the saks of the Union and for the sake of peace, they would give in to the Missouri com promise line, as it had been once proposed and adopted. The Revd. Win. 11. Mitchell (who has been Pastor of the Presbyterian Church here for several years, delivered liis fare well sermon to day, to a large and attentive audienec compo sed of other congregations as well as his own, the preachers of others giving way for the occasion. Mr. Mitchell is a man of considerable acquirements, and his discourse to day was very affecting. He assigned no reason for quitting this place, but I understand the reason is, that the church does not pay him enough for his services. The fact is, there are none of the churches here that are able to pa)* their ministers much. The consequence is, that the Baptists, who have erected a good brick building for a church, have been without a pastor. When one can be obtained to take the place of Mr. Mitchell no one can tell. Religion in truth seems to be at a very low ebb here at this time. An attempt was lately made to get up a revival among the Baptists, but in vain. Mr. Mclveris the pastor, and he exerted himself considerably, but to no purpose. Mr. Tallbird from Montgomery, was here, and he took occasion to abuse a certain denomination, which is great ly persecuted because it happens to be in the minority, denoun cing its membeis for infidels, and associating them with horse thieves, and other vile characters. When will men learn the principles of religious toleration, and become possessed of that charity, without which, they are as “sounding brass and a tinkling cymbal? ” The objection urged against the de nomination of people to which allusion has been made, is that they build upon too broad a foundation, and rely too much upon the Benevolence of Deity. What an objection ! As though men could rely too much on the goodness of God. The inference is, that they should rely some on their own works. But Ido not intend to dwell on this subject, and therefore, leave off for tlie present. Yours truly, S. J. M. LETTER from COLEMBES. Columbus, Aug., sth, ISSO. Doctor : —The weather is so exceedingly warm and news of every sort so scarce, that I had concluded not to trouble you with my weekly sheet, but knowing from past observa tion that if “nothing” is said in the Citizen from Columbus— halt the interest is destroyed—that is, lost to us who live move and have our being in this great Lowell of the South. An extra was issued from the Sentinel Office, a day or two since, headed in glaring capitals, “ Glorious news' ’ and in forming the public of the explosion of the Omnibus Bill— bringing joy “to the hearts of all men” in general, and to the Hotspurs in particular. The burnishers of muskets and the moulders of bullets laid aside their emory and ladles, and with a loud shout and huzza of victory, tossed their caps in the air. A copy of that extra which caused such a dissipation of hur ricane feelings, we have carefully laid away in our port-fuillc for preservation and future reference, being well satisfied that before many years the honorable adjustment proposed by Mr. Clay, can it be obtained, will be most greedily accepted and considered a “God send,” not only by those who are now rai sing their voices in behalf of the perpetuation of the Union of these great United States, but by those with whom “ amor patriae'’ are obsolete words. A few years ago a man that would avow himself a disunionist, because the Congress of his country would not make unconstitutional laws, for the ben efit of a select few—would have been ridden on a rail from Maine to Georgia, with a coat of tar and feathers to protect him from the bleak winds of the North, and the warm rays of the sunny South. But this is a progressive age and chan ges must be wrought in free governments as well as in Mon archies. If nothing but “agitation” is to be the result of this “progression,” we make a motion to leave this track, made up of “shoals and quicksands” and steer the Ship of State in the same old course which, in days gone bye, was followed by our forefathers. The political heavens are blackening;— the dark clouds of ruin and disaster are lowering around us, and the great thunder-clap which will forever seal the fate of these United States, is yet to come. If it must come, let us be prepared to meet it at the tlircshhold, and resist it to the last extremity. If we have not missed wide of the mark, the public press from which, of late days, have emanated so many fire-eating documents, is tinctured with disunion, for getful of the four years sucking of federal pap. But enough of this for the present. The decision of the Supreme Court in the ease of “All-ta ken-in-and-done-for's” vs. the “Planters’ and Mechanics’ Bank,” has caused considerable excitement among us, and folks are wondering how justice will come home on folks.— This great swindling machine is in a fair way to be sifted to the bottom, and we predict that the “Lords” who now occu py high places, both in church and state, will be found to e vacuate the splendid carriages with their rich trimmings, and soil their morocco boots in the dust, which, for the past few years, has blinded the eyes of the ignorant but swindled rab ble. We say let justice be done to all, even if it reduces the Stockholder from wealth and opulence and honor, and sinks him to degredation and want, for the fatter is his proper sphere, when he is master of the former through ill-gotten gain. Intelligence has been received here of the arrest iu Colum bus, Miss., of Thomas Terry who killed Doles, a short time since, near this city. The accused only awaits the requisition from the Governor, when he will be brought back for trial. Through fear of doing some of the parties injustice, we for bear comments, for the present, but from all the information we possess, we consider the case somewhat aggravated. Yours, &c. UNCLE TOBY. LETTER from STARKESVIEEE, Ga. Starkesville, Lee Cos. Ga. July ‘29th, 1850. Dear Citizen :—Since I left Macon I have travelled through a considerable portion of South Western Georgia.— The crops are generally very sorry. Cotton iK, at least, four weeks later than this time last year. With a late fall, such as we had last year, there is a prospect, from the amount plantod over List year’s crop, that there will be as much cot ton made as was last year, in the same section, but should the worm set iu and an early fall, there will not be over two-thirds of the crop made as was last year. The weather is favorable and rain in plenty every where I've travelled. Lee, Ran dolph and Baker counties suffered from a severe drought in May and J unc, so as to cut off’ the corn crop one third or one-fourth, at least. The death of President Taylor has created a great sensa tion. Barbacues and public meetings are held in various sec tions of the country. Iwo parties seem to rise on the ques tion of Union and Disunion. The latter is meeting with a marked opposition from the sober, wise and prudent portion of the community. Office seekers, deluded men and desper ate characters, are the only advocates of disunion. A meet ing of this kind came off on Friday the 26th inst. at Starks ville, Lee county, at which the citizens of the adjoining counties were assembled. There was a considerable turn out of both parties, and some, who have not declared for either side. Ihe Rev. J. Davis acted as Chairman of the Meet ing, which station he filled with becoming dignity. lie rose to explain the object of the meeting, as brief as possible, in nearly the following words: “Feller Citizens—the object of this meetin’ is to no your scent-ments on the great absorping question of Slavry wheth er we shall surrender yur kuntry to northern fanties or de fend bravely the interest of the South. The meetin’will be ’dressed by sum of our ablest IPorators and speakers. It's hoped gintJemin you will keep good order—and at one o’clock we will adjourn to partake of a Barbycue—the meetin’ will again open and continue ‘till all the speakers are heard.” At the announcement of the eatables the b’hoys whispered to each other, ‘they would have no objection to fight the game of knife and fork, over a roast pig, with all the Yankees in the world.’ While the Chairman was addressing the meet ing, the committee men procured a large arm chair for the Chairman, which was placed on the table, or bench, in the court house. Whether the duties of the Chair were filled with propriety or not, was a matter of taste with the audience; but that the chair itself was if ell filed, there is no manner of doubt, for the Chairman was— “A monstrous mass of foul corrupted matter.” Mr. J. of Columbus, rose to address the meeting in a grace ful and liappv manner, in favor of the “Compromise of thir teen” and Union. Mr. J. showed the ‘wire grass’ b'hoys that he did not— “ Spend bi* nights in lust nor wine, llut in search of deep philosophy With eloquence and poesy.” Os course, at the next Congressional nomination, his party will remember his “masterly efforts” to save the Union and the South, and hold him up as a fit subject for their support. Then came E. 11. P. Esq. from Albany, Ga. as one of the Mis souri Compromise or dissolution orators. He went for the whole or none—nothing daunted of course. His ‘‘voice was still for war.” This announcement excited the risibilities of some of the b’hoys, who remembered how the Judge flourish ed to raise a company to go to Mexico, but being defeated in the election for Captain, cursed the whole proceedings and re mained at home in a “masterly inactivity.” He would not give an iuchSouth of the Missouri Compromise line. He did not say how deep he would wade in blood to effect it. We would suppose, though, from his remarks, he would not wade quite so deep as Judge Colquitt said lie would wade in his speech at Macon, on the sth of July last. Next came L. 11. Esq. from Starksville, All admitted his “maiden speech” to be a manly effort, and gave promise of his gathering laurels in the ensuing political contest. He told them, “lie must confess his thoughts were turned on peace,” and he advocated the “Clay Bill’’ to the handle, and for his “chaste and manly efforts” he was highly applauded by both parties. Os course he will be remembered for his efforts to save the country and especially the South—of course he will! Next came the Rev. M. of Starkesville. He told the people he was ill-prepared, at the present time, to do justice to the cause he espoused; that liis sacred duties, as minister of tha Gospel, prevented him from employing his time in the study of polities. But ho, as a citizen of this glorious repub lic, could not “lie supinely on his back and hug the vain de lusion of hope ‘till the enemy was at the door ?” lie would have “all or none.” He promiscuously addressed his “Fel low citizens—gentlemen of the Jury and my beloved breth ren,” so that the b'hoys declared they could not tell wheth er he was making a stump speech, speaking on a criminal case to a jury or delivering a funeral oration; for when he can't get a fee ble will barter his powers for sums of paid And cast himself into a saint like mould — Groan,sigh and pray, while Godliness is gain, The loudest bagpi[eof the squeaking train.” lie closed his speech, Laving his audience, and more especi ally the war party, to look somewhat like a dog at his father’s funeral, ‘neither glad nor sorry. Next came 11. F. L. Esq. of Albany, Ga. He too was for the “whole hog or non: !” ‘When he rose to address the meeting there was quite a ‘sensation.’ He erected his inane and appeared in an attitude of defiance, plainly indicating his talons were ready to pounce on any of the opposition. The “tocsin” was sounded. All was ‘silent as the tomb’—for there he stood, eyeing his audience with— “ Eyes so grey and hair so red and tusks so sharp and keen. He'll fright the shades when he is dead and hell won’t let him in.” Had he sat down without opening his mouth he would have made more converts to his cause. But oh ! Moses! he would “open his mouth and prophesy.” And well did lie repay his audience for tin* “marked attention,” for he inflicted upon them the longest, severest rigainarole of hilligerent non sense and stupidity as scarce could be brought for;h by any other citizen belonging to the whole empire of Dullness. He at last closed, and right glad were friend and foe, that he had done so, for they clapped hands at the thought that they were free to listen to the next orator that would mount the rostrum. lie came. J. R. B. E>q. from Amcrieus, Ga.— lie told them they should not be— ‘•Too rash nor diffident—that— Immoderate valor would swell into a fault And diffidence in public counsels betrays like treason, Shun them both.” lie was willing to take the Missouri Compromise, if we could get it, and for the sake of peace ho would take the Compro mise of thirteen, rather than disturb the peace of the Union. Upon the whole, his speech was a modest effort of good sense and wisdom. I lad Mr. B. a voice equal to some of tlie ora tors who preceded him, he would have made a considerable impression on his audience. This was well noted by the Chairman, who kept a large brooni straw and sometimes his pipe stem in his ear, to keep open the olfactory nerves, by admitting the sound through the tube of the pipe stem ! such was the inconvenience the surplus flesh gave liim. Howev er, the meeting closed without any belligerent dein< nuration on either side. But some of the b'hoys declared they did not care how often such hostile meetings took place, so they did not have to draw their “battle blade” on any other ene my than a roast slioat, or mutton well barbecued ! ROMEO. EETTER from ATLANTA. Atlanta, August sth, ISSO. Dear Mr. Editor: —For some time I have been noticing the blowing of one Mr. “ Gabriel ” upon the various keys of his quill bugle. It seems that his notes have proved so melo dious, as to elicit a reading desire in favor of the “ Citizen,” in some of our folks, which lam truly glad to see. But for my life, I cannot discover who lie is in favor of, unless it is himself; perhaps it is “ obtusity ” in me—however, it mat ters not with me, what “ airs ” he blows to Editors, Rail Roads and Jonathans! But oh! dear Doctor, when he sounds his B for our esteemed City Counc'il, he must be dis creet, more so if |<>ssible, than when lie blows to the “ air ” of “Snake Nation.” if I could bcconvineed of his favoritism for the Council, I would be mum, but as I am a peculiar ad mirer of that honorable body, I cannot be silent when they are held up to public gaze, in an unfavorable light. Pcr liajis Air. “ Gabriel” will plead not guilty. But how pre sumptuous, “ O ! mine Got,” as the Dutchman said, if he dares do so, after his saying “ the efforts of the City Council against the Snake Nation women had proved a failure so far.” How absurd, just as well say that the efforts of the Legisla ture proved a failure in granting a charter to our city, there by making it an absolute government and capable of enact ing and enforcing its own laws. They, (the C. C.) passed an ordinance commanding the Marshall (which of course was absolute) to summons all the women iu the “ Nation,’’ who, as he believed, from his intimate acquaintance with them, were iu the habit of disposing of themselves contrary to their neighbor's wishes and the Council’s edicts, to appear before that honorable body, and answer to the charge of, let me —“ new-is-ance ” I believe, is what they call it. He did as ordered. The parties appeared, and underwent their re spective trials according to the constitution of the city, and were unanimously found guilty, with one exception. I be lieve a lady who was so fortunate as to have a good witness, was discharged. Hie penalty of the law was then ordered to be executed, upon which an invincible army was mustered under the command of the chief officer, and marched to the “ Nation,” then and there, according to the “ letter of the law,” to execute its most solemn mandates, which they did with a zeal not unequal to an effort so important and humane, even to the dislodging of the “ new is-ancts without bro ken bones! There ended the law. It's penalty was execu ted. The “ monkey was shaved,” and if the new-is-ances, with sound limbs, took unto themselves “ seven devils more wicked than the first,’’ and re-entered their own domicils, who, I say, can help it ! Will anybody have the presump tion to doubt the constitutionality of the laws when they are informed that it was to the point and tx post facto at that!! “ 1 am set for the defence ” of our Council, ’till Gabriel's trump echoes its last requiem through the vales of our belov ed country ! Should not every admirer of city beauty, grate fully recollect their toils, endured while engaged in post and rail fencing our streets, rtnd planking in the town, in order to that strangers might not get lost ? And their economy is no lets praiseworthy, when we consider that they consumed on ly a week , and employed only two Attorneys in the consu mat'on of one of the greatest achievements known in the annals of our city ; to wit — dishousing a few helpless wo men and children! When I have more time, dear Doctor I will give you more particulars, and probably entertain you better than I have at present. ATLANTIA N, letter from COLEdIBES. Columbus, August 6th, 1850. Dear Doctor —Columbus is herself again. The angry clouds which have been hanging over our city, have pasted away, and Columbus is as she was before. How strange but a few days, and every one was in arms divided against each other. Father and son had separated and at dagger’s points with each other. But tliauks to their common sens* we are again united iu friendship—the past has been forgot ten, and old Muscogee sounds abroad. We are united wo will not separate, we will not fight among ourselves. We will he friends. 1 underst: n! .hat the Omnibus Bill has been shattered to Iragments. Oh, how dreadful, what are we to do now ? The DisuniouLsts are exulting in its defeat, poor simple creatures. Why should they ? What do they think can be accomplished since it has been defeated ? Os courso it seems perfectly natural and in reason to them, to think that the North will yield and bring about a settlement on the .16 30 Line. Il they should conclude to do so, more the fools they are, for coming to such a conclusion. Time will, however, shew us what is to be done. All that I desire is, that the President will do his duty, our Representative* do theirs, also, and the matter will no doubt be settled. Let Muscogee think and act as she pleases about the matter, I am for Union—Union forever! “ United we stand, divided we fall.” Hurra for the Union of this proud and noble Re public. Our citizens continue to leave the city for different pleasure resorts and there are but few left to look after its interests. However, those that are here, are disturbed in their night's slumbers, by the green-eyed Tootor, who con tinues his nocturnal serenades, accompanied by his friends, the dogs; which are intended to annoy those that never harm ed him, not even in thought. I think his employer should look into the matter, and use his exertions to rid the city of such a nuisance. Respectfully yours, MUSCOGEE. LETTER from WASHITGTOX. Washington City, August 3d., 1859. Editor of the Georgia Citizen, Dear Sir :— I am here in this beautiful bedlam. A beau tiful city and capitol, and a veritable bedlam within it. The Senate, always considered a most dignified bodv, do not seem to act now with any more dignity then county assem blages do in Georgia. Yet what 1 have seen, dues not war rant me in saying that they have done anything very wrong under my own eye , but I think any one can perceive that the Senate Chamber has lost much of the dignified standing of former days. On yestdrday, I first heard Mr. Atchison speak. lie is a mail of good countenance, and one whom you could listen to to with pleasure. The California bill was under debate. Ho spoke calmly, but not as a Southern man should have spoken on the question ; he concedes too much, as if to his superi ors. Gen. Foote frequently interrupted him, by explanations and remarks, which were out of place, at times. Mr. Bad ger of N.C. spoke next, and his speech astonished me; ho conceded almost everything to the North, in the way of state rights, because , they, the North, had the majority to ruletho minority, the South; that North Carolina was loyal, a consti tution loving state, and that if Congress did pass laws against slavery, the South haJ one means of retaliation, and that was by remaining in the Union and voting down the protective tariff'for the North when asked for. Now this is a most glo rious idea. I fear the Senator is looking ahead much farther than the present state of excitement will warrant, but of that, no matter now; I wish to speak of some of the Senators’ personal appearance! Mr. Clemens is a young looking roan, looks like anything but a Senator, wears a green cloth coat, very mueh like a man of leisure at a race course or some such place; he appears about 26 or 28 years of age (but of course must be over 30) with straight combed hair like most of our nice young men at home. But his h*jks deceive, for he is a man of talent, and not tli- man his appearance would indicate. Mr. Turney of Tennessee, is the plainest man in the Senate. He wears cottonadc pants, light black coat (sack) no vest, with suspenders, the buckskin ends plainly visible. lie looks, just like a plain, good old-fashioned Georgia farmer. Sam Houston is like many others,a singu lar looking old codger. Oneof his great jeculi; ri.ics is in whittling >n a stick, even in the Hena e, as well as out of it. Gen. Foote is an ordinary sized gentleman, bald headed and gray, and as Mr. Atchison said, is a lion for his size, and that the government had rested upon his shoulders, for the last eight months. Henry Clay looks feeble ~ai dw rn.— Now, since his Compromise bill has br< n lopped off bv piece meal, until nothing is left but l tab, lie can do no more in the Senate, at pres, nt, and will go to Cape May, in a few days to recruit himself. His friends appear to cherish tlie warmest friendship for him, and often shake his hand w i;b both of theirs, wherever they meet. Gen. Cass looks as good natnred and easy, as a man pos sib’y can, under the excitement of the session. I never saw him before yesterday, yet I immediately ri cognized him, from the published pictures 1 have seen of him. liis course on the Compromise has bein honest, upright and conscientious, and hetar. es with lain the respect and adyviiation of the whole Union,and had he been President of the U.S., I think lam warranted in saying, that the present agitation would be lesa, and some permanent basis of settlement would have been re commend by him. Old Bullion was in his seat, with speeta tacles on nose, quietly Tstoning to the proceedings ; he does not have so much to say, since Foote has handled him so roughly, during the Session. STATE RIGHTS. EETTER from SARATOGA, If. Y. Congress Hall, Saratoga, July 3d, 1850. Dear Doctor :—The fashionable world seems to have cen tered here j ust at present. The I lotels are crowded and overflowing. The U. States snd Union Halls have already colonized many of their Boarders about the town. Tho number of strangers in town is not less than 2000. The ultra fashionables are congregated at the U. States, to the number of about 600, where waltzes and hops are the order of the day, or rather night. Between 6 o’clock and breakfast, Congress Spring is the great attraction, there the thousands go and partake of the waters, drinking from one to as high as ten glasses before breakfast; and yet the waters flow on apparently undiminish ed and ready to satisfy and restore to health and beauty to tens of thousands who shall come and partake of them. — This morning I notice some distinguished individuals at the Spring, such as ex-President M. Van Buren, Lt. Gov. Strat ton, of N. J. lion. Col. Bond, of Ohio, the Bishop of Jamai ca, A. J. M. and family of Augusta, whom all know as a distinguished Lawyer and member of the legislature of Ga. Your gixidly city was also well represented. I noticed Mr. G and son, also, Miss G . who was certainly a fa vorite among her acquaintances and quite interesting in her manners. The Miss H , from Alabama, Miss II n, of N. C. who was. a general favorite at the Hall—she presi ded at the Piano, and was successful in winning many friends. The difference between the ultra stiff fashionables of the U. States, and plain, unassuming manners of our Georgia and Southern friends, was really refreshing, without the aid of Congress water or the pleasant walks in the shady groves of Saratoga. The Hotels are well managed, except, perhaps, in charg ing, in which sometimes they overdo the matter; such a charging for washing when the parties never had any done. One of our party was victimized in that way; the landlord when told that such charge was wrong, never offering to cor rect the Bill. Such affairs are little in themselves but go a great way in exhibiting the character of the House, or rather its proprietors. Ex-President Van Buren leaves this morning on his way homo to Ivinderliook. Others are leaving for Niagara, among whom are Mr. G n and party, of your place, and others still for New Port, The sound of the e*r whistle i* heard and hundreds of others are arriving by the morning train from New York. Hark, listen. Yes, here’s the Bovs “morning Sun, Herald and Tribune—three for six-pence — arrival of the Asia.” Your*, TR AVELLER-