The Georgia citizen. (Macon, Ga.) 1850-1860, August 09, 1850, Image 2

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    led away from the simplicity of the Gospel by their Political
leaders, who mistaking licentiousness for liberty, were deter
mined to cast off all restraints both Civil and Ecclesiastical.
That Uni verbalism may have been advocated by many
great minds in Germany, prior to Dr. T.’s birth, may be true.
That such may be the case after his death, is very probable.
But this is no argument in favor of its truth. For whilst
Germany has always (in modern times at least,) been renown
ed for its learning and. its advances in science and the arts, it
has also been the birth-place of more errors in Religion than
almost any other country. If I understand your position up
on this point, it may be stated thus: —“ Universalism was ad
vocated bv man} 1 great minds in Germany, long before iliol
uck was born, and will live and flourish long after he is dead!
Therefore , Universalism is true. I will state another propo
sition, which, I think, is equally as logical : —‘‘Rationalism ex
isted in Germany, long ere Dr. T. was born, and will live and
flourish after he is dead.” Therefore Rationalism is title.
But, lam admonished to conclude. I have reviewed your
letter dispassionately and I hope respectfully. lain, I hope,
not capable of intentionally misrepresenting or offending any
one. I seek a controversy with no man. I prefer seclusion,
to the strife of party and the conflict of opinions. Yet, with
what little ability I possess, I am ever ready to defend my
opinions , when they become the subject of dispute. Such
is not the case in the present instance. Hoping that we may
both be guided to a perception and practice of ‘‘the truth as
it is in Christ.” I remain, yours, respectfully,
P. A.. STROBEL.
Macon, Ga. 3d August, 1850.
(Cum'SjMiunuT.
JLETTERS from WASHINGTON.
Washington, July 28th, 1850.
The Compromise Bill is still in very imminent danger, not
so much from the opposition of Mr. Benton as from the
Southern ultras who are now fighting it under his lead.
Benton has selfish views in his opposition to the Bill: he
wants to be the Free Sod candidate for the Presidency in
1852; but that Southern men should assist him and provoke
the very evil they complain of—perpetuate the very agitation
which, they say, endangers their personal security and the
security of their property, is altogether inexplicable. 1 es, it
is certain now, that Mr. Benton is the acknowledged leader
of the opponents of the Bill, and that such men as Jeff. Da
vis, Mason, Hunter, Turney, Ac. are following him, in serri
ed phalanx through all the ravings of his self-worshiping ego
tism. Benton has no other object in the world than to de
feat the “Omnibus,” as he calls it, in order to admit Califor
nia by herself; and though there is some chance, at this late
period of the session, of defeating that measure also, yet
what will the South gain by wasting a whole session of Con
gress in doing nothing ?
Agitation will commence in the recess with redoubled fury.
The Free Soilers will charge the defeat of California on the
moderate men of the North, who were willing to give the
South an equivalent for the admission ot California. Mr.
Jihett's disunion speech will be paraded on the stump, and
.the consequence will be that the moderate men will lose their
•election, and that the Free Seilers will return a majority of
Congressmen. Meanwhile, will the South be able to carry
slaves to California ? Assuredly not. The same doubt, the
same suspense, the same uncertainty will hang over that spe
cies of property, which prevented its introduction, in large
quantities, for the hist three years, and aversion to slavery
will only grow greater and more potential in California than
before. The people of California will, of course, feel insult
ed at having their Senators and members returned to them
without having been suffered to take their seats in the Con
gress of the Union—they will find themselves without appro
priations for Dock Yards, for schools, for rivers and harbors,
and without a mint. They will ascribe all these failures to
the opposition of the South—to Southern Ultraism and to
slavery, and cherish a double hatred to the institution which
has thus interfered with their immediate wants. Os course
they will enact the most stringent laws against its introduc
tion in California, and the Mormons aud the people of New
Mexico wilbsympatliise with them, and so will all our large
•commercial cities, North, whose merchants are making for
tunes in the California trade.
Public sentiment in the non-slave-holding States, therefore,
will not improve by the defeat of the Compromise Bill—it
will grow worse—it will force the most moderate menentire
1. off the political stage, and compel the weak-minded and
timid to plunge at once into ultraism. The next Congress
will witness a complete reorganization of the Free Soil party
under the lead of Benton and Sew ard—a party which will
not only press California, but New Mexico and Utah for ad
mission into the Union as States with the avowed and de
termined purpose to restrict slavery now and forever to its
present limits. Mr. Benton, to be sure, will not be in the
Senate, for liis defeat in Missouri is certain; but he will re
main here in Washington directing the movement of politi
cians, establishing papers, publishing tracts and pamphlets,
in short, do every thing that can serve his end. I doubt
much whether the South is wise or politic in putting its worst
enemies in the North in the saddle, and unhorsing its North
ern friends. It is certainly a perfidious game, rendering it
liaVletothc charge of “punic faith” and serving as a warn
ing to Northern men to not again rely too easily on South
ern support. “The South,” it will be said, “is just as wil
ling to sacrifice and destroy those who do not fully agree with
them on all points, as their professed and avowed enemies.”
Confidence in that chivalry, which does not abandon a friend
on slight grounds, and leave him exposed to the merciless
bows of a common foe, will bo lost forever.
Mr. Rhett’s disunion speech has produced a perfect horror
at the North and here in Washington. It is unmercifully
condemned, as a treasonable document, and as is usual, ex
cites contempt, indignation and resentment. It is a docu
ment which gives the Free Soilers and abolitionists anew
and fertile text to preach from, to poison the public mind,
and to sow the seeds of hatred and revenge. I heard north
cm, not Free Soil members, say “this is a question of nationali
ty in which we are all interested; but we will not treat with
South Carolina, we will put her down.” This is a horrid
sentiment; but it came from one of the most prominent mem
bers from the Shite—aye, from the city of New-York—
though a vast majority of the population of the Empire city
is in favor of the compromise now before Congress—there is
not a man in that city who does not indignant at Mr.
Rhett, and who would not if called upon, defend American
ism, against the provincialism of such a mad cap.
Now a word as to the Missouri Compromise line, 30. 30.
to the Pacific, or fight. M ould that lino actually granted
benefit the South l I believe not. The concurrent testimo
ny of every person who lias ever been there goes to prove
that not only is the soil aud surface of the country in the
southern portion less susceptible of Slave labor, and the peo
ple too, far more opposed to it than they are in the Northern
parts of that distant province; and that, consequently, in all
human probability, South California will be as much of a free
State as North California, and, in less than ten years—per
haps in less time—apply for admission as such into the Un
ion. In all the Southern parts of California, up to 36 30, but
twenty-one votes were cast against the constitution of Cali
fornia as it stands with the prohibition of slavery in it; and it
stands to reason, that as soon as California is divided, the
rush of settlers to it from the North, will be greater than from
the South, and give the preponderance to free labor; as long
as the principal means ot communicating with California is
the ocean, the commercial and navigating population of the
Union, will have the advantage over the agriculturists; prac
tically, therefore, the South gains nothing by the division of
. California, but she may, and probably will, loose political pow
er.
As to the remaining territories of New Mexico and Utah,
the South certainly gains more, and the constitution suffers
less, b> organizing for them territorial governments, without
the Wilmot Proviso, or any slavery restriction, than by apply
ing the Missouri line to it. The Missouri Compromise pro
hibits slavery north of 36 deg. 30, while the Bill as it now
stands, allows the South to settle any portion of it with their
slaves, leaving it to the people of ihe Territory whether they
will eventually come, as a free State or a slave State into tlie
l nion. But there is yet another advantage which the Com
promise plan of the Senate has over the Missouri line. The
Senate plan takes from Congress tho power of legislating for
slavery in the Territories, at least, it declares that Congress
lias no such power, and if Congress has no power to legis
late for slavery in the Territories, niueh less can it interfere
with that institution in the States. This re-affirmation of the
Constitution, will go far to quiet the public mind of the
North. The Missouri Compromise, on the contrary, as
sumes to legislate for slavery, and by that means re-opens
tiie whole question, and with it the doors to agitation and fa
naticism of the worst description.
But it lias been said, Mr. Buchanan, of Pennsylvania, is
tor the Missouri Compromise. Well, if Mr. Buchanan is for
the Missouri Compromise, why has he not the courage to
speak out boldly like a man ? Why do his organs defend him
from the mere imputation of being hostile to the present
Bill? Why does not his organ, “the Pennsylvanian ,”
come out for the Missouri line? If Mr. Buchanan lias made
promises in private, it seems he has not courage enough to
avow them in public, though repeatedly urged to it by the
press of his own State. Again, there is not one member
from Pennsylvania here in Congress, in favor of the Missouri
line, aud both Senators from Pennsylvania have already vo
ted against the amendment of Mr. Soule, which proposed
that line. In addition to all that, the Democratic Williains
burgh Convention of Pennsylvania, re-enacted and re-adop
ted the Baltimore Platform of non-intervention, while the
Whig Convention of the same State, held at tho city of Phil
adelphia, adopted the plan of General Taylor. The South,
therefore, by leaning on Mr. Buchanan, lean on a broken
reed. Air. Buchanan dare not avow his sentiments in public,
and will be crushed, if he is not crushed already, in his native
State, by merely being suspected of intrigue or collusion with
the Southern ultras. Rely on it, Mr. Rhett's speech lias kil
led Bucliauan in Pennsylvania, and that in no case will he
get the nomination even of his own State.
There is reason to hope that we shall have a final vote on
the Bill to-morrow, unless Benton and his ultra Southern co
adjutors defeat the object by technical obstacles.
Mr. Ewing, of Ohio, takes the place occupied by Mr. Cor
win, and Air. Everett, in all probability, tliatof Mr. Webster.
Ewing is of course, against the Bill, but. great hopes are en
tertained as to Mr. Everett, who is too great a man to be a
bigot, a proviucialist, or a sectarian in politics.
The Cabinet is not yet definitely organized, Messrs. Web
ster, Ilall and Corwin, are the only members as yet present in
Washington. It is not yet known who will take Mr. Pearce’s
place, who has declined the Department of the Interior; but
it is believed Air. Conrad, of Louisiana, will be the man.
ANTI-DISUNION.
WASHINGTON, Aug. 3d, ISSO.
Ihe alliance of the Southern and Northern ultras —the
nullifiers and freesoilers, aided by adventitious circumstances,
has at last succeeded in killing the compromise bill. By
1 uesday night it was in sueli a condition, that, had not the
friends of the bill given way to a motion to adjourn, it would
have passed that evening; but on Wednesday morning, Air.
Pearce of Maryland introduced an amendment which became
at once apparent to tlie friends of the bill, would destroy it.
( ia) r , Dickinson, Douglas and Foote, entreated him not to
offer it. They warned him of the danger, showed him how
the same object might be attained by a different phraseology,
and how, by the alteration of a single line, and the insertion
of a few words, the amendment might have been made ac
ceptable to every compromise-man in the Senate. Foote,
Dickinson, and Douglas, however, lost their labor on Air.
Pearce, who felt inclined to take the advice of the worst ene
my of the bill, (tliatof Air. Alason of Virginia), rather than
tliatof its champions, which was to make two seperate mo
tions instead of one, —a motion to strike out and another to
insert, which two motions might have been made at once un
der the third rule. In this manner did Air. Pearce succeed
in destroying the whole of Bradbury’s amendment, which
had been adopted the day before ; when the motion was af
terwards made to insert, it was lost; and thus the most im
portant provision of the bill—tlie settlement of tlie Texas
boundary question and the establishment of a territorial gov
ernment in New Alexico, were thrown out of tlie bill.
I rom that moment, no one seemed to care about the fate
of the bill. It was no longer a compromise, it contained
nothing but the admission of California, and tho establish
ment of a terrirotorial government for Utah. The freesoil
ers were then anxious to redeem their promise to the South
ern ultras,-(so as to be even with them, and betray them af
terwards), and voted for striking out all that related to’ Cali
fornia, which motion carrying, there was nothing left of the
whole b.ll but Utah, and in that eviscerated state, the bill
was at last past to a third reading, and on Thursday morning
is was passed and sent down to the House. Let us take a
calm review of the subject, and see where we are likely to
land.
The bill was lost chiefly by Southern votes. There were
fifteen Northern Senators, (just one half of them) willing to
vote for the bill in the shape in which it was left on Tuesday
even'ng ; but the ultra Southern men would not be satisfied
with any thing short of 36 degrees 30 min., with a positive
recognition of slavery south ot the line, and their opposition,
in a body, put the bill from the first day it was reported from
the Committee of Thirteen in imminent jeopardy. The fin
ishing stroke was given by Air. Pearce of Maryland and Air.
Underwood of Kentucky, both of whom were long ago sup
posed to be rather in favor of General Taylor’s plan of set
tling the question ; that is, they were more Northern in their
feelings on tlie subject than those Northern Senators who,
for the sake of giving peace to the country, were willing to
vote for the bill. The North then is clearly not responsible
for the failure of the bill. Had there been as many Southern
Senators in favor of it, as there were Northern Senators rea
dy to sacrifice their own positions to aid the bill, it would have
passed ; because thirty would have been an absolute majority.
On the Southern ultras, therefore, rests the whole responsi
bility of its defeat.
A\ hat will be done next ? Why, precisely what I predicted.
The California bill will be taken up and passed, without a di
vision ot the State or territory, without either Foote’s amend
ment of confining the boundary to 35 degrees 30 minutes, or
the Alissouri line of 36 degrees 30 minutes; or any other a
mendment favoring ultra Southern views. On that subject,
the Northern freesoil allies of the Southern ultras, with whom
they have been billing and cooing for the last eight weeks,
will understand no joke, now ; hence nothing but a revolu
tionary movement can defeat the admission of California.—
I bis is the condition to which the action of the Southern ul
tras lias reduced the country. There was an idea'that Con
gress would break up in a row—that nothing would be done
—that everybody would feel disgusted and disheartened ; but
all these hopes of the mischief-makers have been disappointed.
Air. Clay on Thursday last took occasion to read Air.
Pearce and Mr. Underwood a lecture, and to denounce the
factionista North and South, as the worst enemies of the
country. He plainly alluded to their object—the dissolution
of the Union—and vowed that what was left him of life and
energy should be devoted to the support of the General Gov
ernment. It was, perhaps, best that our Institutions should
be tried thus early, to show that, under them, the govern
ment has the strength to put down traitors. Mr. Clay’s
speech was followed by a crash in the galleries—aloud, long
beating of bands, striking of canes, exclamations of delight,
and every other indication of enthusiastic and unmeasured
approbation, which in turn brought forth a lecture from the
\ ice President, pro tern ., Air. King, who addressed the gal
leries on their violent impropriety ; but had the good sense
not to order them to be cleared, as this in the highly excited
state of the audience and the Senate, might probably have
led to a scene.
Air. Clay was followed by Air. Alason, one of the most un
reasonable men in the whole Senate, who labors under the
hallucination that the mantle of John C. Calhoun lias fallen
upon him, and that the mantle necessarily carries with it,
the brains of the man that wore it. Mr. Alason made a reg
ular disunion speech, and Air. Butler, of South Carolina, fol
lowed him in a more temperate strain, when General Foote,
rose, and castigated both Nullifiers in a terrific strain of liumu
rous satire and withering sarcasm. He kept the Senate and
the galleries for about an hour, in a roar of laughter, and
concluded with reading passages from General Jackson’s
proclamation against nullification. Tho whole produced a
soothing effect, though the ultras felt mortified, yet the wit
and pleasantry put all the rest'll such excellent humour,
Jiat the Senate adjourned in a very peaceful mood, and in a
condition of temper which led us to hope for some kind of
settlement during the present session. The chances now are
that tlie California bill which has already been read twice
will psss early next week, and that all amendments which
the South may offer in regard to the division of the State,
will be lost. Air. Foote’s amendment was to divide Califor
nia by the parallel of 35 degrees 30 minutes, that however,
was amended to 36 degrees 30 minutes, and in that shape
voted down, after Mr. Badger, of North Carolina, had first
spoken against it. It did not receive one Northern vote
and never will, under any cir cumstances , and any event
Wmm ®i©m &i & sisiisi.
in or out of Congress. Its rejection is now a point of
\ honor with the whole North; for there is not a Northern
man who is not positively committed against it, except per
haps Air. Buchanan, of Pennsylvania, who is too much of a
] moral coward to avow his sentiments, although he has been
repeatedly urged to do so. Neither Dickinson, nor Cass,
nor Bright, nor Sturgeon, of Pennsylvania, will ever vote
for the Alissouri line. It is of no practical advantage to the
South, as it would only bring in two free States instead of
one, and for a mere abstraction, those Northern men, who
have thus far stood by the South, with a devotion which de
served a better fate, will not dig their own political graves.
The fact is Northern Senators have done making advances to
the Nullifiers, and will not stretch out a finger to save them.
These are the practical consequences of the defeat of the
Compromise bill.
On Alondav next Air. Pearce, who feels excessively mor
tified by Air. Clay’s strictures, and the strictures of the Ma
ryland press, will introduce a Bill for the settlement of the
Texas boundary question—the offer to consist of latitude 33
deg. and $10,000,000; and then a territorial bill for New
Alexico will undoubtedly be introduced and past. We are
now imitating Cortez, who, being unable to carry his ship
over the mountains, had to take it to pieces, and then to re
construct the vessel on the Pacific. We shall not lose a sin
gle plank, and we shall all do it before we adjourn. If this
Congress were to adjourn without settling the question, not
one moderate man from the Nortli would be returned to the
next. The North might probably send here none but ultras;
and the North would revive the'Wilmot proviso. Fanaticism
would again sway the country from Alaine to Texas. The
Cabinet is not yet complete, and will not be made up definite
ly before Alonday next. Air. Bates has positively declined
accepting any office. ANTI-DISUNION.
LETTER from Ft. GAINES.
Fort Gaines July 27th, 1850.
Dear Citizen :—That placo Albany, on the Flint, is a fair
picture of a deserted village—of al 1 but musquitos and such
like. 1 had not the pleasure of a gallant by “Sanclio” nor of
a visit to Sir Richard, —the latter being absent at Savannah,
and the former not to be seen. There arc but few “Fire ea
ters” there. The Lion is one, and some Yankees complete
the group. A word to the latter portion may not be ill-timed.
Do you think that the people of the South believe in your
constancy and attachment to their interests, when there is a
higher and greater National interest, (and without which
you would be worse than brute), to make you at least neu
tral, if not the other way? You claim to have fathers,
mothers, sisters, and brothers, North; and yet you would say
fight, revolution and disunion. For shame, it is too beastly
and unnatural for those of the South to believe it, —and if you
were to carry out what you say, you would be too base aud
too degraded to be trusted by Southern hearts.
Lee, County Court met on the third Alonday of this month.
There was not much business done, the Judge’s health be
ing yet bad. There was a “Union” meeting there. E. R.
B. , of Sumter county, delivered himself of a speech
on the occasion, well-timed aud well made. There is yet to
be another on Friday the 26th inst., a regular jubilee and bar
becue. The people of Lee are “workies” and are for peace
and the Union.
The Supreme Court convened at Amcricus, on the 23rd
inst: Present, Judges Nesbitand Lumpkin.—Judge AVar
ren was absent, because of sickness in his family. On mon
day, the people had a “Union” meeting, and passed resolu
tions. There did not seem to be many there for disunion.—
They were against the hot-headed rebellionists. Col. B
was there, and distributed largely, in bundles, his Nashville
Convention Resolutions and Address, in pamphlet form.
J udge T , was there, and I assure you they had hot
times, lie no doubt wishes he had not domiciliated with
these “Quattlebuin” people. A thatched cottage is sometimes
better than a shingled or tinned roof!
There was at Lowell in Randolph county on the 16th inst.,
a barbecue, a social party concern, and not intended for
politics. Air. 11., Capt. W., and Col. T , were the Com
mittee of arrangements, and a few days before, Col. T. in
vited some of tlie u Fire Eaters ,” from that Indian village
“£i//flla” to come to said place, and disgorge themselves of
their already fly-blown subject—“ Disunion.” None were
invited from Cuthbert, and as 1 have learned, they knew ‘
nothing of it until too late. I should like to know what
rank or grade tlie Shorter family is to occupy, when by the
aid of Victoria rex, they make a petty monarchy here.
Poor fellows 1 I fear their alliances will be short indeed.
There was the Rev. Judge B. present. Old gentleman be
easy, for you are as near being Archbishop on earth or in
Heaven as you will ever be. The Baker came down with
his bread baked, as he thought, but it was all dough. After
several set speeches, which smelt of Nashville Convention dis
union oil, from the last aforesaid personages, one nephew of
Col. T. arose to the height of four feet, as pugnacious as
any thing of tlie name, and attempted to fire upon these
peaceable people a volley of resolutions, which gave out an
odor of sweat, grease, and old age, ratifying the “ Nashville
Convention,” and thinking in that way to take a snap-judg
ment. The people present would not hear them nor suffer
them to receive their approbation, but frowned them and
their man down w ith contempt, declaring it was a social party
and not a political meeting. So that this pugnacious little
gentleman's squib of powder exploded in his breeches pock
et. Aly dear little fellow, we have as much use for you as we
have for a little soft soap when our hands are soiled, so be
not so conspicuous.
* After this, the whole affair went off pretty well. It was a
pleasant, agreeable and social party, and would have been so
from the beginning, but for these “Fire Eaters,” or as the
people call them, these Alabama Red Hots, to mar its peace
and happiness. They, it is hoped, will learn, hereafter, not
to insinuate or intrude themselves upon genteel company.
There was plenty to eat, and every comfort that was necessa
ry. The people of this Georgia Lowell, are the right kind of
thriving and industrious people. Col. G. of this placo was
present, and Col. S. of the Ordinary department, for once,
showed lie had sense, by being modest for once. Col. B. of
this place and not of Blakely, was there in full length, wink
ing and snuffling the popular dust, for the next Senatorship,
also G. B. AY., who is acquainted with the Revd. Senator AA r .
T. C.—The most notable thing about him is, that lie sneezes
every time the said Revd. AY r . T. C. takes snuff. lie was,
on this occasion, beyond the reach of his olfactory magnet.
Yours truly. WIRE GRASS.
FETTER from WETFHPKA.
AA'etumpka, July, 28th, 1850.
Dear Doctor : —A considerable period lias elapsed since I
have had any correspondence with you, and probably you may
think it high time that I should resume my pen for the pur
pose of contributing my mite towards filling up the columns
of your paper. AVhether I can furnish anything sufficiently
interesting to your readers, it will be for you to determine ;
but, as you have correspondents in different sections of the
country, I have concluded that, perhaps, you would like to
hear occasionally from this place.
AA etunipka began to be built up some eighteen or twenty
years since, and for a while grew and prospered finely, but
the pressure of 1836 operated severely upon the place, and
for a number of years it has been declining. Many of the
houses are now in a dilapidated condition, and the prospects of
the place have for years appeared to be gloomy, but we cher
ish the hope that a reaction is about to take place. This hope
is founded upon the fact, that a spirit of improvement lias
been awakened among our citizens. The people here are all
alive on the subject of Plank Roads. The Legislature of Al
abama, at its last sitting, granted us a charter for a Plank
Road from hereto Montgomery, to be called the Montgomery
and AA’etumpka Plank Road, and auother charter for a road
Irom this to Gunter’s landing, te be called the Alabama Central
1 lank Road. I his road will leud through the rich counties
of lalladega, and Benton. The stock on the first, was all ta
ken in a few days after the books were opened; and sufficient
stock is taken on the latter, to carry the road into the fertile
valley of lalladega. The work has been commenced, and is
progressing rapidly. Three steam-mi 11s are already in ope
ration in the vicinity of AA'etumpka, and a fourth will shortly
be started, to furnish lumber for the road, which has been gra
ded, and the plank laid down for several miles. Thus we
hope soon to regain a considerable share of the trade which,
has been diverted, by the supineness of our citizens, to other
places. So mote it be.
This is a great place for Barbecues. AA’e have had two
licie dui ing the present mouth. Ihe first was on the glorious
Fourth, when we had a great Temperance Rally, on which
occasion it is supposed that two thousand persons at least were
present. A boat was chartered at Montgomery to bring up
passengers from that city, and it was crowded with persons
wishing t> see our proceedings, and to take part in them. A
beau tit in liannerwas presented to the Temple of Honor by
Mias Ready, in behalf of the ladies of Wetumpka, and ac
cepted by Malcolm Graham, on behalf the Temple. The
Banner was painted by Mr. Thompson, an Artist of this place.
The addresses both of Miss Ready and Mr. Graham, were
exceedingly well written, and handsomely delivered. When
this part of the ceremony was finished, Judge Dougherty
made a very able effort in favor of the great cause of Tem
perance, followed by an address from Col. J. J. Hutchin
son, equally able. Permit me, in conclusion on this subject,
to say, that the Temperance cause is flourishing finely here,
as you may well suppose, by the efforts that are making to ad
vance it. We have a large Division of the Sons, and a Tem
ple of Honor increasing in numbers constantly.
The other Barbecue to which allusion was made, came off
yesterday. It was given on the occasion of ratifying the ac
tion of the Nashville convention, and we had the honor of
having two of our Ex-Governors present to address us from
the stand, viz, Fitzpatrick and Bagby—individuals too, who
have represented us in the Congress of the United States—
men who knew what was said of us in the Halls of Congress
by Northern members, in regard to our being slave-holders;
and as they depicted the wrongs of the South, it was enough
to excite the indignation of every man who heard them.
Both these men were against the compromise proposed by
Mr. Clay, and the plan suggested by Gen. Taylor. Indeed
they were opposed to compromise in any shape ; for thef
contended that it was a yielding of principle—a yielding of a
portion of our rights, but for the saks of the Union and for
the sake of peace, they would give in to the Missouri com
promise line, as it had been once proposed and adopted.
The Revd. Win. 11. Mitchell (who has been Pastor of the
Presbyterian Church here for several years, delivered liis fare
well sermon to day, to a large and attentive audienec compo
sed of other congregations as well as his own, the preachers
of others giving way for the occasion. Mr. Mitchell is a man
of considerable acquirements, and his discourse to day was
very affecting. He assigned no reason for quitting this place,
but I understand the reason is, that the church does not pay
him enough for his services. The fact is, there are none of
the churches here that are able to pa)* their ministers much.
The consequence is, that the Baptists, who have erected a
good brick building for a church, have been without a pastor.
When one can be obtained to take the place of Mr. Mitchell
no one can tell. Religion in truth seems to be at a very low
ebb here at this time. An attempt was lately made to get
up a revival among the Baptists, but in vain. Mr. Mclveris
the pastor, and he exerted himself considerably, but to no
purpose. Mr. Tallbird from Montgomery, was here, and he
took occasion to abuse a certain denomination, which is great
ly persecuted because it happens to be in the minority, denoun
cing its membeis for infidels, and associating them with horse
thieves, and other vile characters. When will men learn the
principles of religious toleration, and become possessed of
that charity, without which, they are as “sounding brass and
a tinkling cymbal? ” The objection urged against the de
nomination of people to which allusion has been made, is
that they build upon too broad a foundation, and rely too
much upon the Benevolence of Deity. What an objection !
As though men could rely too much on the goodness of God.
The inference is, that they should rely some on their own
works. But Ido not intend to dwell on this subject, and
therefore, leave off for tlie present. Yours truly,
S. J. M.
LETTER from COLEMBES.
Columbus, Aug., sth, ISSO.
Doctor : —The weather is so exceedingly warm and news
of every sort so scarce, that I had concluded not to trouble
you with my weekly sheet, but knowing from past observa
tion that if “nothing” is said in the Citizen from Columbus—
halt the interest is destroyed—that is, lost to us who live
move and have our being in this great Lowell of the South.
An extra was issued from the Sentinel Office, a day or two
since, headed in glaring capitals, “ Glorious news' ’ and in
forming the public of the explosion of the Omnibus Bill—
bringing joy “to the hearts of all men” in general, and to the
Hotspurs in particular. The burnishers of muskets and the
moulders of bullets laid aside their emory and ladles, and with
a loud shout and huzza of victory, tossed their caps in the air.
A copy of that extra which caused such a dissipation of hur
ricane feelings, we have carefully laid away in our port-fuillc
for preservation and future reference, being well satisfied that
before many years the honorable adjustment proposed by Mr.
Clay, can it be obtained, will be most greedily accepted and
considered a “God send,” not only by those who are now rai
sing their voices in behalf of the perpetuation of the Union
of these great United States, but by those with whom “ amor
patriae'’ are obsolete words. A few years ago a man that
would avow himself a disunionist, because the Congress of
his country would not make unconstitutional laws, for the ben
efit of a select few—would have been ridden on a rail from
Maine to Georgia, with a coat of tar and feathers to protect
him from the bleak winds of the North, and the warm rays
of the sunny South. But this is a progressive age and chan
ges must be wrought in free governments as well as in Mon
archies. If nothing but “agitation” is to be the result of this
“progression,” we make a motion to leave this track, made
up of “shoals and quicksands” and steer the Ship of State in
the same old course which, in days gone bye, was followed
by our forefathers. The political heavens are blackening;—
the dark clouds of ruin and disaster are lowering around us,
and the great thunder-clap which will forever seal the fate of
these United States, is yet to come. If it must come, let us
be prepared to meet it at the tlircshhold, and resist it to the
last extremity. If we have not missed wide of the mark,
the public press from which, of late days, have emanated so
many fire-eating documents, is tinctured with disunion, for
getful of the four years sucking of federal pap. But enough
of this for the present.
The decision of the Supreme Court in the ease of “All-ta
ken-in-and-done-for's” vs. the “Planters’ and Mechanics’
Bank,” has caused considerable excitement among us, and
folks are wondering how justice will come home on folks.—
This great swindling machine is in a fair way to be sifted to
the bottom, and we predict that the “Lords” who now occu
py high places, both in church and state, will be found to e
vacuate the splendid carriages with their rich trimmings, and
soil their morocco boots in the dust, which, for the past few
years, has blinded the eyes of the ignorant but swindled rab
ble. We say let justice be done to all, even if it reduces the
Stockholder from wealth and opulence and honor, and sinks
him to degredation and want, for the fatter is his proper
sphere, when he is master of the former through ill-gotten
gain.
Intelligence has been received here of the arrest iu Colum
bus, Miss., of Thomas Terry who killed Doles, a short time
since, near this city. The accused only awaits the requisition
from the Governor, when he will be brought back for trial.
Through fear of doing some of the parties injustice, we for
bear comments, for the present, but from all the information
we possess, we consider the case somewhat aggravated.
Yours, &c. UNCLE TOBY.
LETTER from STARKESVIEEE, Ga.
Starkesville, Lee Cos. Ga. July ‘29th, 1850.
Dear Citizen :—Since I left Macon I have travelled
through a considerable portion of South Western Georgia.—
The crops are generally very sorry. Cotton iK, at least, four
weeks later than this time last year. With a late fall, such
as we had last year, there is a prospect, from the amount
plantod over List year’s crop, that there will be as much cot
ton made as was last year, in the same section, but should the
worm set iu and an early fall, there will not be over two-thirds
of the crop made as was last year. The weather is favorable
and rain in plenty every where I've travelled. Lee, Ran
dolph and Baker counties suffered from a severe drought in
May and J unc, so as to cut off’ the corn crop one third or
one-fourth, at least.
The death of President Taylor has created a great sensa
tion. Barbacues and public meetings are held in various sec
tions of the country. Iwo parties seem to rise on the ques
tion of Union and Disunion. The latter is meeting with a
marked opposition from the sober, wise and prudent portion
of the community. Office seekers, deluded men and desper
ate characters, are the only advocates of disunion. A meet
ing of this kind came off on Friday the 26th inst. at Starks
ville, Lee county, at which the citizens of the adjoining
counties were assembled. There was a considerable turn out
of both parties, and some, who have not declared for either
side. Ihe Rev. J. Davis acted as Chairman of the Meet
ing, which station he filled with becoming dignity. lie rose
to explain the object of the meeting, as brief as possible, in
nearly the following words:
“Feller Citizens—the object of this meetin’ is to no your
scent-ments on the great absorping question of Slavry wheth
er we shall surrender yur kuntry to northern fanties or de
fend bravely the interest of the South. The meetin’will be
’dressed by sum of our ablest IPorators and speakers. It's
hoped gintJemin you will keep good order—and at one o’clock
we will adjourn to partake of a Barbycue—the meetin’ will
again open and continue ‘till all the speakers are heard.”
At the announcement of the eatables the b’hoys whispered
to each other, ‘they would have no objection to fight the
game of knife and fork, over a roast pig, with all the Yankees
in the world.’ While the Chairman was addressing the meet
ing, the committee men procured a large arm chair for the
Chairman, which was placed on the table, or bench, in the
court house. Whether the duties of the Chair were filled
with propriety or not, was a matter of taste with the audience;
but that the chair itself was if ell filed, there is no manner of
doubt, for the Chairman was—
“A monstrous mass of foul corrupted matter.”
Mr. J. of Columbus, rose to address the meeting in a grace
ful and liappv manner, in favor of the “Compromise of thir
teen” and Union. Mr. J. showed the ‘wire grass’ b'hoys that
he did not—
“ Spend bi* nights in lust nor wine,
llut in search of deep philosophy
With eloquence and poesy.”
Os course, at the next Congressional nomination, his party
will remember his “masterly efforts” to save the Union and the
South, and hold him up as a fit subject for their support.
Then came E. 11. P. Esq. from Albany, Ga. as one of the Mis
souri Compromise or dissolution orators. He went for the
whole or none—nothing daunted of course. His ‘‘voice was
still for war.” This announcement excited the risibilities of
some of the b’hoys, who remembered how the Judge flourish
ed to raise a company to go to Mexico, but being defeated in
the election for Captain, cursed the whole proceedings and re
mained at home in a “masterly inactivity.” He would not
give an iuchSouth of the Missouri Compromise line. He did
not say how deep he would wade in blood to effect it. We
would suppose, though, from his remarks, he would not wade
quite so deep as Judge Colquitt said lie would wade in his
speech at Macon, on the sth of July last.
Next came L. 11. Esq. from Starksville, All admitted his
“maiden speech” to be a manly effort, and gave promise of his
gathering laurels in the ensuing political contest. He told
them, “lie must confess his thoughts were turned on peace,”
and he advocated the “Clay Bill’’ to the handle, and for his
“chaste and manly efforts” he was highly applauded by both
parties. Os course he will be remembered for his efforts to
save the country and especially the South—of course he will!
Next came the Rev. M. of Starkesville. He told the
people he was ill-prepared, at the present time, to do justice
to the cause he espoused; that liis sacred duties, as minister
of tha Gospel, prevented him from employing his time in the
study of polities. But ho, as a citizen of this glorious repub
lic, could not “lie supinely on his back and hug the vain de
lusion of hope ‘till the enemy was at the door ?” lie would
have “all or none.” He promiscuously addressed his “Fel
low citizens—gentlemen of the Jury and my beloved breth
ren,” so that the b'hoys declared they could not tell wheth
er he was making a stump speech, speaking on a criminal
case to a jury or delivering a funeral oration; for when he
can't get a fee
ble will barter his powers for sums of paid
And cast himself into a saint like mould —
Groan,sigh and pray, while Godliness is gain,
The loudest bagpi[eof the squeaking train.”
lie closed his speech, Laving his audience, and more especi
ally the war party, to look somewhat like a dog at his father’s
funeral, ‘neither glad nor sorry.
Next came 11. F. L. Esq. of Albany, Ga. He too was for
the “whole hog or non: !” ‘When he rose to address the
meeting there was quite a ‘sensation.’ He erected his inane
and appeared in an attitude of defiance, plainly indicating his
talons were ready to pounce on any of the opposition. The
“tocsin” was sounded. All was ‘silent as the tomb’—for
there he stood, eyeing his audience with—
“ Eyes so grey and hair so red and tusks so sharp and keen.
He'll fright the shades when he is dead and hell won’t let him in.”
Had he sat down without opening his mouth he would have
made more converts to his cause. But oh ! Moses! he
would “open his mouth and prophesy.” And well did lie
repay his audience for tin* “marked attention,” for he inflicted
upon them the longest, severest rigainarole of hilligerent non
sense and stupidity as scarce could be brought for;h by any
other citizen belonging to the whole empire of Dullness. He
at last closed, and right glad were friend and foe, that he
had done so, for they clapped hands at the thought that they
were free to listen to the next orator that would mount the
rostrum. lie came. J. R. B. E>q. from Amcrieus, Ga.—
lie told them they should not be—
‘•Too rash nor diffident—that—
Immoderate valor would swell into a fault
And diffidence in public counsels betrays like treason,
Shun them both.”
lie was willing to take the Missouri Compromise, if we could
get it, and for the sake of peace ho would take the Compro
mise of thirteen, rather than disturb the peace of the Union.
Upon the whole, his speech was a modest effort of good sense
and wisdom. I lad Mr. B. a voice equal to some of tlie ora
tors who preceded him, he would have made a considerable
impression on his audience. This was well noted by the
Chairman, who kept a large brooni straw and sometimes his
pipe stem in his ear, to keep open the olfactory nerves, by
admitting the sound through the tube of the pipe stem ! such
was the inconvenience the surplus flesh gave liim. Howev
er, the meeting closed without any belligerent dein< nuration
on either side. But some of the b'hoys declared they did
not care how often such hostile meetings took place, so they
did not have to draw their “battle blade” on any other ene
my than a roast slioat, or mutton well barbecued !
ROMEO.
EETTER from ATLANTA.
Atlanta, August sth, ISSO.
Dear Mr. Editor: —For some time I have been noticing
the blowing of one Mr. “ Gabriel ” upon the various keys of
his quill bugle. It seems that his notes have proved so melo
dious, as to elicit a reading desire in favor of the “ Citizen,”
in some of our folks, which lam truly glad to see. But for
my life, I cannot discover who lie is in favor of, unless it is
himself; perhaps it is “ obtusity ” in me—however, it mat
ters not with me, what “ airs ” he blows to Editors, Rail
Roads and Jonathans! But oh! dear Doctor, when he
sounds his B for our esteemed City Counc'il, he must be dis
creet, more so if |<>ssible, than when lie blows to the “ air ”
of “Snake Nation.” if I could bcconvineed of his favoritism
for the Council, I would be mum, but as I am a peculiar ad
mirer of that honorable body, I cannot be silent when they
are held up to public gaze, in an unfavorable light. Pcr
liajis Air. “ Gabriel” will plead not guilty. But how pre
sumptuous, “ O ! mine Got,” as the Dutchman said, if he
dares do so, after his saying “ the efforts of the City Council
against the Snake Nation women had proved a failure so far.”
How absurd, just as well say that the efforts of the Legisla
ture proved a failure in granting a charter to our city, there
by making it an absolute government and capable of enact
ing and enforcing its own laws. They, (the C. C.) passed an
ordinance commanding the Marshall (which of course was
absolute) to summons all the women iu the “ Nation,’’ who,
as he believed, from his intimate acquaintance with them,
were iu the habit of disposing of themselves contrary to their
neighbor's wishes and the Council’s edicts, to appear before
that honorable body, and answer to the charge of, let me
—“ new-is-ance ” I believe, is what they call it. He did
as ordered. The parties appeared, and underwent their re
spective trials according to the constitution of the city, and
were unanimously found guilty, with one exception. I be
lieve a lady who was so fortunate as to have a good witness,
was discharged. Hie penalty of the law was then ordered
to be executed, upon which an invincible army was mustered
under the command of the chief officer, and marched to the
“ Nation,” then and there, according to the “ letter of the
law,” to execute its most solemn mandates, which they did
with a zeal not unequal to an effort so important and humane,
even to the dislodging of the “ new is-ancts without bro
ken bones! There ended the law. It's penalty was execu
ted. The “ monkey was shaved,” and if the new-is-ances,
with sound limbs, took unto themselves “ seven devils more
wicked than the first,’’ and re-entered their own domicils,
who, I say, can help it ! Will anybody have the presump
tion to doubt the constitutionality of the laws when they are
informed that it was to the point and tx post facto at that!!
“ 1 am set for the defence ” of our Council, ’till Gabriel's
trump echoes its last requiem through the vales of our belov
ed country ! Should not every admirer of city beauty, grate
fully recollect their toils, endured while engaged in post and
rail fencing our streets, rtnd planking in the town, in order to
that strangers might not get lost ? And their economy is no
lets praiseworthy, when we consider that they consumed on
ly a week , and employed only two Attorneys in the consu
mat'on of one of the greatest achievements known in the
annals of our city ; to wit — dishousing a few helpless wo
men and children! When I have more time, dear Doctor
I will give you more particulars, and probably entertain you
better than I have at present. ATLANTIA N,
letter from COLEdIBES.
Columbus, August 6th, 1850.
Dear Doctor —Columbus is herself again. The angry
clouds which have been hanging over our city, have pasted
away, and Columbus is as she was before. How strange
but a few days, and every one was in arms divided against
each other. Father and son had separated and at dagger’s
points with each other. But tliauks to their common sens*
we are again united iu friendship—the past has been forgot
ten, and old Muscogee sounds abroad. We are united wo
will not separate, we will not fight among ourselves. We
will he friends. 1 underst: n! .hat the Omnibus Bill has been
shattered to Iragments. Oh, how dreadful, what are we to
do now ? The DisuniouLsts are exulting in its defeat, poor
simple creatures. Why should they ? What do they think
can be accomplished since it has been defeated ? Os courso
it seems perfectly natural and in reason to them, to think
that the North will yield and bring about a settlement on
the .16 30 Line. Il they should conclude to do so, more the
fools they are, for coming to such a conclusion. Time will,
however, shew us what is to be done. All that I desire is,
that the President will do his duty, our Representative* do
theirs, also, and the matter will no doubt be settled. Let
Muscogee think and act as she pleases about the matter, I
am for Union—Union forever! “ United we stand, divided
we fall.” Hurra for the Union of this proud and noble Re
public. Our citizens continue to leave the city for different
pleasure resorts and there are but few left to look after its
interests. However, those that are here, are disturbed in
their night's slumbers, by the green-eyed Tootor, who con
tinues his nocturnal serenades, accompanied by his friends,
the dogs; which are intended to annoy those that never harm
ed him, not even in thought. I think his employer should
look into the matter, and use his exertions to rid the city of
such a nuisance. Respectfully yours,
MUSCOGEE.
LETTER from WASHITGTOX.
Washington City, August 3d., 1859.
Editor of the Georgia Citizen,
Dear Sir :— I am here in this beautiful bedlam. A beau
tiful city and capitol, and a veritable bedlam within it. The
Senate, always considered a most dignified bodv, do not
seem to act now with any more dignity then county assem
blages do in Georgia. Yet what 1 have seen, dues not war
rant me in saying that they have done anything very wrong
under my own eye , but I think any one can perceive that the
Senate Chamber has lost much of the dignified standing of
former days.
On yestdrday, I first heard Mr. Atchison speak. lie is a
mail of good countenance, and one whom you could listen to
to with pleasure. The California bill was under debate. Ho
spoke calmly, but not as a Southern man should have spoken
on the question ; he concedes too much, as if to his superi
ors. Gen. Foote frequently interrupted him, by explanations
and remarks, which were out of place, at times. Mr. Bad
ger of N.C. spoke next, and his speech astonished me; ho
conceded almost everything to the North, in the way of state
rights, because , they, the North, had the majority to ruletho
minority, the South; that North Carolina was loyal, a consti
tution loving state, and that if Congress did pass laws against
slavery, the South haJ one means of retaliation, and that was
by remaining in the Union and voting down the protective
tariff'for the North when asked for. Now this is a most glo
rious idea. I fear the Senator is looking ahead much farther
than the present state of excitement will warrant, but of that,
no matter now; I wish to speak of some of the Senators’
personal appearance! Mr. Clemens is a young looking roan,
looks like anything but a Senator, wears a green cloth coat,
very mueh like a man of leisure at a race course or some
such place; he appears about 26 or 28 years of age (but of
course must be over 30) with straight combed hair like most
of our nice young men at home. But his h*jks deceive, for
he is a man of talent, and not tli- man his appearance would
indicate. Mr. Turney of Tennessee, is the plainest man in
the Senate. He wears cottonadc pants, light black coat
(sack) no vest, with suspenders, the buckskin ends plainly
visible. lie looks, just like a plain, good old-fashioned
Georgia farmer. Sam Houston is like many others,a singu
lar looking old codger. Oneof his great jeculi; ri.ics is in
whittling >n a stick, even in the Hena e, as well as out of it.
Gen. Foote is an ordinary sized gentleman, bald headed and
gray, and as Mr. Atchison said, is a lion for his size, and
that the government had rested upon his shoulders, for the
last eight months. Henry Clay looks feeble ~ai dw rn.—
Now, since his Compromise bill has br< n lopped off bv piece
meal, until nothing is left but l tab, lie can do no more in
the Senate, at pres, nt, and will go to Cape May, in a few
days to recruit himself. His friends appear to cherish tlie
warmest friendship for him, and often shake his hand w i;b
both of theirs, wherever they meet.
Gen. Cass looks as good natnred and easy, as a man pos
sib’y can, under the excitement of the session. I never saw
him before yesterday, yet I immediately ri cognized him, from
the published pictures 1 have seen of him. liis course on the
Compromise has bein honest, upright and conscientious, and
hetar. es with lain the respect and adyviiation of the whole
Union,and had he been President of the U.S., I think lam
warranted in saying, that the present agitation would be lesa,
and some permanent basis of settlement would have been re
commend by him. Old Bullion was in his seat, with speeta
tacles on nose, quietly Tstoning to the proceedings ; he does
not have so much to say, since Foote has handled him so
roughly, during the Session.
STATE RIGHTS.
EETTER from SARATOGA, If. Y.
Congress Hall, Saratoga, July 3d, 1850.
Dear Doctor :—The fashionable world seems to have cen
tered here j ust at present. The I lotels are crowded and
overflowing. The U. States snd Union Halls have already
colonized many of their Boarders about the town. Tho
number of strangers in town is not less than 2000. The ultra
fashionables are congregated at the U. States, to the number
of about 600, where waltzes and hops are the order of the
day, or rather night.
Between 6 o’clock and breakfast, Congress Spring is the
great attraction, there the thousands go and partake of the
waters, drinking from one to as high as ten glasses before
breakfast; and yet the waters flow on apparently undiminish
ed and ready to satisfy and restore to health and beauty to
tens of thousands who shall come and partake of them. —
This morning I notice some distinguished individuals at the
Spring, such as ex-President M. Van Buren, Lt. Gov. Strat
ton, of N. J. lion. Col. Bond, of Ohio, the Bishop of Jamai
ca, A. J. M. and family of Augusta, whom all know as a
distinguished Lawyer and member of the legislature of Ga.
Your gixidly city was also well represented. I noticed Mr.
G and son, also, Miss G . who was certainly a fa
vorite among her acquaintances and quite interesting in her
manners. The Miss H , from Alabama, Miss II n,
of N. C. who was. a general favorite at the Hall—she presi
ded at the Piano, and was successful in winning many
friends. The difference between the ultra stiff fashionables
of the U. States, and plain, unassuming manners of our
Georgia and Southern friends, was really refreshing, without
the aid of Congress water or the pleasant walks in the shady
groves of Saratoga.
The Hotels are well managed, except, perhaps, in charg
ing, in which sometimes they overdo the matter; such a
charging for washing when the parties never had any done.
One of our party was victimized in that way; the landlord
when told that such charge was wrong, never offering to cor
rect the Bill. Such affairs are little in themselves but go a
great way in exhibiting the character of the House, or rather
its proprietors.
Ex-President Van Buren leaves this morning on his way
homo to Ivinderliook. Others are leaving for Niagara,
among whom are Mr. G n and party, of your place, and
others still for New Port, The sound of the e*r whistle i*
heard and hundreds of others are arriving by the morning
train from New York. Hark, listen. Yes, here’s the Bovs
“morning Sun, Herald and Tribune—three for six-pence —
arrival of the Asia.” Your*, TR AVELLER-