Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

present case, introduce and permanently establish slavery in a portion of this territory, I question much w hether this par tial benefit would compensate the South for the abandonment of a principle so easential to its security and to the repose and harmony of the Union. “ These are my individual views. But, belonging as I did to a deliberative body, in which no one had a right to expect that his own opinion should exclusively prevail, I have always declared my readiness to modify those views so as to suit those of others, and to vote for almost any plan of settlement (not involving a manifest violation of principle) which held out a reasonable prospect of success. “ Further than this I could not go. I could not consent to adopt any particular scheme as a sine qua non. I would not proclaim that the adoption of this or that geographical line (a measure of doubtful constitutionality and still more doubt ful expediency) was the ultimatum of the South. “The Union is too groat a blessing to be staked on any such game of hazard, and I was not commissioned by my constituents to play it. I consider, too, that the prolongation of this discussion is in itself a calamity. It alarms the South and agitates the North ; it alienates each from the other, and augments the number and influence of those who wage an endless war against slavery, and whom this discussion has raised to a political importance which without it, they never could have attained.” Can the Ethiopian Change his Skin ? R. Barnwell Rhctt, the avowed disunionist of 1850, is (says the N. Y. Express,) the R. Barnwell Smith, the ac tive disunionist of 1833. He has lately maJe a feint of at tachment to the Union, in order the better to conduct his plans we suppose ; but it is within the competency of history to show that with this change of name he has experienced no radical change of character. .V cotemporary opens up an interesting page in the biography of Mr. 11. Barnwell Smith- Rhett, the perusal of which we recommend to the reader. In the year 1833, this gentleman denounced all Compro mises in favor of the then threatened Union as a snare, a de lusion, and the Union itself as something that must and ought to perish. A State Convention was called in South Carolina, to repeal the ordinance previously adopted, in a whirlwind of impulse, called the Nullification ordinance. Os this Conven tion, Smith (Rhett.) was a member. Though he yielded to the necessity of the case, he did it with a distinct averment of his having no confidence whatever in the Union. But he carried nobody with him at that time, and we predict he will not be much more successful if any in his present crusade. When the report accompanying the proposition to repeal the ordinance of Nullification was read in the Convention, it was found to contain an avowal of “ ardent attachment to the Union.” Mr. Smith (Rhett) rose in great excitement, and moved to have the phrase stricken out, as untrue as respected him and his constituents. Ifc denied that they had, or had any reason to have, an ardent attachment to the Union. He said “he would rather see the whole State, from Table Rock to Fort Moultrie, one military camp than for the State of South Car olina to continue a member of the Union such as it was then, and had been for the last ten years”—from 1822 to 1832. Gen. James Hamilton, Jr., attempted to rise in reply’, but gave tlie floor to Col. Samuel Warren, from St. James, San tee, a revolutionary officer. Col. Warren, leaning against the table and supported on crutches, said he understood the gentleman from St. Bar tholomew's (Mr. R. B. Smith) to ask when he was up, “ where was the man in llie convention, who could place his hand upon his heart, and say that he was attached to the Union.” Mr. Smith—Ardently attached. Mr. Warren—l don't earc what word you place fherc, I, for one, can place my hand upon my heart, (suiting the ac tion to the- word) and can say that I am ardently attached to this Union—l fought for it, (and he looked unconsciously downwards to the remnant of his dismembered limb,) and will do it again, whenever my services are required. agvmuggJi Public Rejoicings in Washington. Wc copy from the- National Intelligencer an account of the public manifestations of delight by the people of Wash ington on the occasion of the passage of the Texas Boundary and other bills by tbe House of Representatives : u The general joy diffused through all classes at tbe final passage by Congress of the measures w-hich will restore har mony and peace to tbe country, manifested itself in a most signal manner in our city on Saturday evening and night. Sx>n after the passage, on Saturday, of the last of the acts of t-ompromise by the House of Representatives, preparations were made to testify the public joy. Accordingly, about sun set, the cannon of the Columbia Artillerists , under Captain Buckingham, were drawn to the Washington Monument Square, and one hundred guns were fired in honor of the occasion. “ But the demonstration of the public feeling did not stop there. About 7 o’clock there was a handsome display of fire rockets thrown into the air from the Mall, east of 7th street. A vast body of our citizens then formed into pro cession, marched to the National Hotel with the Marine Band, and there played several national airs, and loudly cheered in honor of Mr. Clay, who being absent from the city at Mr. Calvert’s country residence, could not respond to tlie compliment thus intended for him. The National Hotel was, however, brilliantly illuminated in honor of the great event, and of the distinguished Statesman whose patriotic labors, and those of his noble co-adjutors in the counsels of the nation, bad on that day been brought to a happy and glorious consummation. “ After tbe procession had visited the National Hotel, they marched to Mrs. Peyton’s boarding house and called out Senator Foote, who responded in a brief and felicitous speech. Leaving Mr. Foote, the procession halted at the Potomac House, where they paid a similar compliment to Mr. Senator Cass, who amidst loud cheers, appeared and responded to the visiters in a very felicitous manner. The procession then marched to Gadsby's Hotel, and after a few patriotic airs by •the band, called out ?Jr. Speaker Cobb, who addressed the people in a very happy manner, congratulating them upon the auspicious events of the last two days, which he firmly ‘believed would restore harmony and good feeling throughout this lately distracted country. The Speaker's address, though brief, was very pertinent, patriotic and eloquent. Tlio pro cession next visited Mr. Senator Douglass, who, on being called out, spoke to his visiters in a clear, animated, and pa triotic strain, predicting the greatest possible good to the country at large, from the auspicious legislation of the last two days. The address of the honorable Senator was re ceived with hearty cheers, in the midst of which he bowed and retired. After leaving the lodgings of Senator Douglass, the mov ing mass proceeded up 6th street, and presented itself in front of Mr. Webster's residence on Louisiana avenue. The honorable Secretary, being loudly cheered and repeatedly called for, made his appearance. Here we mingled with the multitude, and got near enough to hear a part of what was said. Thanking the people for their kindness, Mr. Webster ■l.l that his claim on their regard was not so much on ac unt of any efforts made by him to produce the great re mit, as on the depth, and strength, and intensity of hispar t. nation in the feeling of joy and gladness which seemed to animate all hearts, “ Truly, gentlemen, (said Mr. Webster,) the last two days been great days; a work has been accomplished which Jv ipates doubts and alarms, puts an end to angry controver sies, fortifies the Constitution of the country, and strengthens the bonds of the Union. “ Now is the winter of our discontent Made glorious summer: And all the clouds that lowered upon our house Ip the deep bosom of the ocean buried.” “ This language, fellow-citizens, is highly poetical, but, in opinion, not too strong for the occasion. The decisions of the popular branch of the Legislature appear to me to surpass in in-porta lice any acts of legislation which I have known for thirty years. A crisis lias come ifhon us, in which men’s minds have been strangely agitated by notions of separation and disunion. Phantoms of new confederacies, formed out of the now united body of tbe old thirteen and the new seven teen, have swam before the eyes of some; separate State ex istences luive amused the visions of others; while local con troversies have raged with uncommon bitterness, and iocal and partial interests espoused with so much of the exclusive spirit of partizanslfip, that the hopes of the most confiding ap peared sometimes to waver. But these causes of apprehen sion usd disquiet, these clouds, so portentous of disaster, are now ‘in the deep bosom of the ocean buried.’ We ought to be most thankful to Providence that the result of our delibe rations has been so pacific. When, on to-morrow’s sacred morn, the sun shall begin to ascend in the east, thanks from devout hearts ought to rise with it, and fly beyond its orb, to tii at gracious Being who has so kindly overruled all things for the preservation and perpetuation of our liberties and our peace. 4 ’ Yes > gentlemen, we shall be thankful indeed, that you, ftnd I, and all of us, bear a common name and a common character; that we are all United Americans ; that we can yet without shame open the books which record the deeds of our fathers, and can still look upon their graves without re morse.” Mr. T\ ebster's remarks were listened to with profound at tention, and were most enthusiastically received. Next, the Hon. Mr. Hilliard, of Alabama, addressed the crowd. He spoke with great earnestness and eloquence, and attributed to Mr. \\ ebster’s commanding talents, influence and patriotism a principal share in producing those happy results which would fill the heart of the nation with joy and gratitude. lhe enthusiastic feeling which pervaded this numerous as semblage of our fellow-citizens, was only exceeded by the good order which prevailed during the whole of this sponta neous public demonstration. We never saw, on Pennsylva nia avenue, so much good order and regularity united with so much enthusiasm and patriotic joy. The Intelligencer of Tuesday adds : “In our account of the rejoicings in this city on Saturday evening, there were some inadvertent omissions by our city reporter; amongst them the visit and serenade to the Texan Senators, Messrs. Houston and Rusk. The procession of citizens called on these gentlemen, among others already named, and being loudly cheered for their patriotic course through the late try ing controversy, both of them responded in eloquent speeches to the mark of respect shown them. The procession also ex pressed the desire to call on Mr. Senator Dickinson and others, but the hour then being late, and his lodgings at a distance, and the band of music moreover having left for their quarters, the wish of the assemblage was not carried into effect.” €onwponknfi\ . LETTER from STARRSVILLE. Starksville, Ga, September 12, 1850. Dear Citizen :—I would have informed you ere now of the proceedings of the mass meeting which was held by the fire eaters on the 29th ultimo, but it being not worth while making “two bites of a cherry,” I concluded to wait a day or two, and give the mass meeting of the 10th inst, at Newton, Ba ker count, a passing notice. Well, according to “priority of discovery” I will give some idea of the Starksville mass meeting. The friends of Disunion were drumming up all the help they could get to make a fair shoe ing, for they, by special invitation, expected to have Colquit, Sea born Jones, Iverson, and ‘other distinguished guests’ to address the meeting. Expectations ran high, but oh ! they were doomed to disappointment. The “distinguished guests” did not appear, so the lea ders of the party had one more opportunity of dis tinguishing themselves by displaying their talents in the cause of disunion. The meeting was called to order, and as the “distinguished guests” did not appear, and only a few in town (according to the Al bany Patriot, 150 all told friend and foe), about one third being Union men, the Fire-eaters concluded to give their opponents a showing, and challenged them for a debate. —W. 11. Esq., of Starksville and P. J. S. Esq., of Albany Ga., defended the rights of the South upon the Union conservative plan. They were opposed by E. H. P. Esq., of Albany, Ga., the would-be captain of the Mexican volunteers in ’46, if he got elected ; the other the bald-headed Gen eral 11. M. Esq, from Albany Ga. So at it thev went like Like two dark serpents tumbling in the dust That on the paths of men their mingled poisons thrust. None were so furious in their denunciations against Northern aggression and their approval of mob-law violence as the bald-headed General. lie was a perfect “man of war.” You would imagine lie was born 36 degrees 30 minutes south of any part of the South, and that he must bo worth 8500,000 worth of southern property ; hold on Gen’l, I’m not done with you yet, I will show you up in your true colors, which will show to advantage, especially as they are varnished over with some of your “An propensities.” I have digressed from the thread of my narrative of the meeting. Well, there were two chairmen, the Rev. J. M. D. on the part of the U nion-men, and the Rev. M. E. W. Esq., of Starks ville on the part of the Fire-eaters. The meeting during the fore part thereof was noted for nothing conspicuous but the amount of rotten meat which, like the rotten policy of mob law violence, smelled to Ileaven with an odor stronger than a compound of Garlic and Assafoetida. It would be useless to des cribe the dissatisfaction of the “leading characters” at the double mortification—the absence of the dis tinguished guests” and the small number who turn ed out. Don’t be vexed gentlemen at what don’t belong to you. One-third of the crowd were Union men. The latter part of the meeting deserves a passing notice —the two chairmen were each big with a speech, as they were deprived by the fore noon arrangements of delivering themselves of their burden. The committee of arrangements “gave out” that the two Revel, chairmen should have the benefit of the Courthouse at “early candle light.” The Rev. M. E. W. opened the debate and was fol lowed by the Rev. J. M. D. The numerical strength of the meeting as it closed, amounted to the two speakers, the chairman and seven others, five of whom were drunk and two sleeping. As the meet ing drew to a close, the combatants had a running argument for sometime which ended by the Rev. Fire-eater proposing to the assembly the resolutions of the Nashville convention and lastly calling for the yeas and nays. At this stage of the proceed ings the chairman woke up and found himself a nap ping. Being somewhat embarrassed at his awk ward position, he broke out into an exclamation sim ilar to that which is used to call hogs when at a short distance only. This exclamation woke up an old sow which was taking a snooze under the Court house, thinking, we suppose, that she was “called to get her supper.” At the moment the ayes were called for, the sow answered her supposed summons with three grunts. When the nays were called she again grunted twice. The excitement of the times hurried the Rev. Nullifier so, that he could not dis tinguish between human voices and the grunting of an old sow, for he proclaimed aloud that he had the majority of three to two, which so excited the risi bilities of his Rev. opponent, that were it not for the amount of surplus fiesh which covered his ribs he might be a rich case for Anatomical inspection. The Mass meeting closed at that, and the twin sister thereof at Newton, was no better but rather worse, for after the Albany Patriot having trumpeted it to the four winds, that a mass meeting would be held in Newton, Baker county on the 10th September, he will not tell the number present. We should sup pose though they were very few indeed. These two mass meetings in the “Piney-woods” reminds me of the anecdote of the little boy, who said “he was boring augur holes with a gimblet.” It is useless to pursue them any further, but these assemblies are a fair index of the true state of the sentiments of the people of Lee and Baker counties. Not one man in ten is for disunion ! Citizens of Lee and Baker, will you sutler your selves to be duped by such men as Matthew Wil liams, Henry Morgan, E. 11. Platt, Ac., not one of whom are southern men by birth or education, if either accomplishment would constitute evidence of the soundness ot their professed adherence to the •South. It these gentry will not cease their rebel lious cant, and quit distracting the community they will be- exhibited in their true and natural colors so ©®@m ©i .& osiiiis that the people may see and judge for themselves, the qualities and character of these “Fiery spirits, ’ who, like a certain old gentleman love to fish in troubled waters. Yours Ac. ROMEO. LTTEER from AMERICES. Americcs, Ga. Sept. 23d, 1850. Dr. Andrews : The hour is at hand when Geor gia expects every man on the side of the Union and Constitution to do his dnty.—Let no man be bar ren or unfruitful. The great question for the judge ment of our fellow citizens is—shall we stand uni ted ?or shall we fall divided? The howling demon of Disunion is now heard from the sea to the moun tains. —All we ask is for the friends of disunion to meet the question fairly.—Let them toe the mark of disunion. —Let the people know that the convention to be assembled will be clothed with power above the constitution. The design of the Fire-eaters will be to bring the voters to the polls blind-folded. It has been already suggested that what the dele gates shall do in convention shall not be enquired into —that whatever they shall do shall bind the people without the liberty of ratification! Such sentiments have been declared in my presence. We should not allow them to dodge or shuffle. If they have it in them, extract the pestilential word from their lips. ’Tis disunion. ’Tis nothing but disu - nion. When you find a Fire-eater, shake the word out of him, that he may be seen and known of men. Unless we resort to work of this kind, there will be more voting in the dark than ever occurred since the formation of our government. —Doctor, for a while the clouds of revolutionary darkness have hung with porten tons terrors over the 2nd (Con gressional district, but reason has reclaimed her em pire : Yes, we have Wellborn at our head. Though surrounded with the elements of fire and,brimstone, he has displayed a devotion to the country worthy of the highest honors in the gift of the people. In his letter before me he says in relation to the bills of peace lately passed by Congress-*-“77ie settle ment is an honorable one in my judgment, and as such I aiti opposed to secession or other violent re sistance?’ 100 Guns for the lion. Marshal J. Wellborn ! 1! Doctor, I sec in the Macon Tribune as copied in the Federal Union (or rather disunion) an editorial thus—“ At a large meeting in Americas , S)imter county, on Saturday last, the proposition to secede from the Union in the event of the passage by Con gress of the California bill was put and carried by a large majority.” Now our disunion friends, in Sumter, did not intend the thing should be as plain ly understood as that. For, you know Doctor, ac cording to the description of the meeting as given by “Sumter” that the resolutions offered “did not reach but blinked the question at issue before the country —though Messrs. Howard and Tucker ‘‘toed the mark,’ the latter saying ‘‘rather than yield one inch, d'e? he would see the Union dissolved! which sentiment was loudly cheered by all the friends of disunion, about 40.” Now if the Tribune calls that large, then he is welcome to shoulder the whole pile. Sumter is sound to the core. The au thor of the Tribune’s editorial is rotten with the spirit of Disunion. All who copied after him are guilty of being u an accesso ry after the fact.’- They will deserve to be driven from the “ Paradise of Liberty „to the land of ‘■‘‘outer darkness” there to “boic the knee to the Baal of Disunion ” with coffins on their backs. I am rejoiced to learn through your paper that the only surviving signer of Georgia's constitution is with us. May the convention be favored by the presence of his snow white, time-honored locks, that he may direct them in the paths of patriotism, peace and union. There are at this time constitution-destroyers north and south—to wit: Fire-Eaters and Abolitionists. The Colum bus Times says the question is disunion on abolition. Tin) | Times is wrong in its grammar. It should be Disunion'-,- ujJ Abolition. The Abolitionists desire the Constitution destroy-1 ed, so they can steal our negros with impunity. All the guar anties in that hallowed instrument would bo gone. That mo ment a slave should put his foot in free soil he would be a free man, we would have no fugitive slave bill to recover and secure our slaves uuder the penalty of a SI,OOO. The Abolitionists had rather steal negroes than to have the Constitution, as they have a law to themselves higher than the Constitution. The Fire-Eaters desire to destroy our Union and Constitution, for fear we lose our slaves. To that end the Fire-Eaters and Abolitionists generally voted together in Congress on the bills of peace !! ! Now, either one side or the other of them are fools, unless there be a common agreement between them to revolutionize the gov ernment. Judge ye, between them or rather judge them to gether, as they seem to act in concert, the Fire-Eaters hav ing hold of one end of the Constitution and the Abolitionists hold of the other, to tear it in two. When the Fire-Eaters’ meetings are held, they read and preach what the Abolitionists (as though they were the North) say in abuse against the South. On the other hand when the Abolitionists have their meetings, they read and preach what the Fire-Eaters (as though they were the South) say in abuse against the North—thus mutually forming the flames of dis cord, envy, strife, revenge, hatred, finally, to eventuate in dark and bloody disunion. O ! tliat a mighty fountain might gush forth like Horeb’s living waters, to refresh our devotion to the Union and to extinguish, for ever, the fires of discontent, which threaten to consume the Temple of our Liberty and greatness. E. R. B. Tiie Crops.— A correspondent writing to the Little Rock Gazette, from Crockett’s Bluffs, Arkan sas county, on the 25th ult, says : The weather continues very hot and dry. Clot ton cannot possibly make more than 300 to 1,000 pounds per acre, and corn crops from five to twenty bushels. Health is very good. The Doctors are starving out. The Yazoo Whig is informed by a person who has recently made a tour through Georgia, Alabama and Mississippi, that the cotton crop all along his route was very poor. A letter from Eufala, Ala., says that the cotton crop will be curtailed 200,000 bales by the effects of the late storm. The Tuscaloosa Monitor of the sth inst., says : Cotton generally, is badly boiled and it is said to be rapidly shedding. Picking is unusually back ward, and the probability is that in this country, the present will not exceed, perhaps will hardly e qual, the short crop of last year. On the subject of crops the last Gainsville (Ala.) Pilot and Sentinel remarks; 1 lie boll worm has made its appearance on the rich bottom lands of the Bigby and is doing con siderable damage. The late heavy rains have caused the cotton to lose many forms and blooms, and un less the fall is unusually seasonable not more than half a crop can be made. Late frOIM t alifornia,—Advices have reached us from California up to the 15th ult., per Steamers Carolina and Columbus to Panama, and the Philadelphia, from Chagres. IST Over a million and a quarter of gold brought by the Steamers, besides 2 to 3 million in hands of passengers. JST’ A dreadful riot took place at Sacramento city, on the 14th August, between the squatters and real estate own ers, in which several persons were killed, among them Mayor Bigelow and J. W. Woodland Assessor of the Corporation. A dispatch received at San Francisco, at the moment of the sailing of the Steamer, announced that the city of Sacra mento was reduced to ashes. News from the mines encouraging, lumps of gold wigh . ing 30 to 40 lbs. having been found. 21 )£ Gtorgin Cilizrn. L. F. W. ANDREWS, Editor. MACON, GA., SEPT. 27, 1850. TO CORRESPONDENTS: A Letter from “ A. A. B.” too late for this present issue. The “ Silver pointed, broken arrow,” on file for examina tion. Tin? contributor must give his name, to guard us against imposition, before we can publish it, if found worthy. Our Exchanges. Those Journals, with which we have heretofore ex changed and which do not hereafter receive the Cit izen, may attribute its absence from their tables to one of two causes—lst, to the ‘unhallowed’ abuse which they have heaped upon us and the counten ance given by them to mob-law violence against our Press, or 2dly, to that craven timidity which has caused them to keep silent when the liberty of the press and freedom of speech have both beeu invaded before their eyes, for political opinions’ sake. Gov. Towns’ Proclamation.—This state Paper will be found on our first page. [ln the sth paragraph there of, 2d line, the word must was left out in the copy from which we set up the document, after the word “justify.”] From the tone and temper of this Proclamation, it is evident that his Excellency is determined to use all his official influence to commit the State to all the horrors of revolution and civil war. The “ Recorder ” shows clearly that the Governor, in stating the objects of the Convention, has gone beyond the record, and transcended the authority given to him by the law calling that body. Says the Recorder : “ The object of the Convention alone, is stated in the pre amble of the law, and will be found by reference to it, and that object is State resistance. This is the only and single object of tbe law which convenes this Convention. The Governor, on the other hand, as will be seen by the Procla mation, after stating the words of the law to convene the Convention, goes on to enumerate the objects for which it is to convene, and as if those objects were laid down in the law, and among other things that it is to “ decide upon what steps are necessary and proper to be taken, compatible with our honor and constitutional obligations .” Now all this is calculated to mislead the public mind. In the first place, the law calling the Convention brings forward not one of the objects mentioned in the Proclamation as its purpose in calling the Convention, but 2dly. it does state its object in the preamble of the law, and there alone, and which the Proclamation does not state, and this is the one thing of resistance to the act complained of. And 3dly, this object is diametrically in opposition to the object as laid down by the Governor. The Governor says the Convention is to decide upon what steps are necessary and proper to be taken com patible with our honor and constitutional obligations. The law says the object of the Convention is resistance alone. Is resistance to a constitutional law of Congress compatible with our constitutional obligations ? In other words, do not one’s constitutional obligations directly clash with the declared ! object of the law of the Legislature, to wit, resistance to a constitutional law of the land ? ********* \ C \ v “ The Proclamation, then, as worded by the Executive, is calculated to mislead the people of the State. The Conven tion, as called by the law of the last Legislature, is for the revolutionary remedy of State resistance. This purpose is to be carried out, as it is boldly avowed, by an ordinance of State secession from the Union on the part of Georgia. And it is for the people in easting their votes n November to decide for the Union or against it, as they east their votes for their delegates.” This is the true issue before the p.*c;.’o now—UNION or DISUNION —aequicscence with the constitutional action of Congress or open rebellion ! Let the people see to it that none but sound conservative Union men arc elected as delegates to the Convention, if they would not peril, life, property and liberty, to gratify the spirit of mischief which is abroad. The lime for Action has come. It is our decided opinion, that the friends of the Union, in Bibb O. should at once take active meas ures for the struggle that is now forced upon us, by the Proclamation of the Governor. There is no time to be lost, in effecting an organization, and in bringing out suitable candidates for the approaching Convention. We say, then, let there be a meeting, immediately, of the Union Democratic Whig Citi zens of the county, to make arrangements for the canvass. Let not the field be pre-occupied by our opponents, who are already moving heaven and earth to accomplish their purposes. They will use every art to commit the people to the support of their cause, and should therofore be met at the thresh old of the compaign, if wc would not lose every ad vantage which “taking time by the forelock” gives in every undertaking. As the next Tuesday is sale day, would it not be well to have a primary meeting, at least, at that time ? What say our friends and’ the friends of the cause ? Is not the suggestion worthy of their prompt and serious consideration ? P. S. Since the above was placed iu type, a no tice for a meeting on Saturday next has been sent in for publication. See another column. What will Georgia gain by Secession? Admitting, for a moment, that the South has lost all but her honor, in the late adjustment, by Congress, of the Sla very question, what are the people of Georgia to gain by re bellion or dissolution! Can California be re-opened to Southern Institutions and Southern men ? Can Utah and New Mexico ever be made Slave States ? Can the boundary of Texas ever be more satisfactorily settled ? Even if the latter is divided into five States, what security have we that the people of the new States will not prohibit Slavery ? And what greater guarantie will Georgia have, after secession, than now, as to the rescue of fugitive slaves ? In truth Georgia has nothing to gain but every thing to lose, by secession. She will lose all her right to the public lands of the Union. She will lose her proud position as one of the States of this glorious confederacy. She will lose her peculiar institution itself, by the impossibility of sustaining it against outward pressure. She will lose that abundant meas ure of prosperity and happiness which a benignant Provi dence has so kindly meted out to us as a people. She will lose that security of person and property which is so essen tial to the advancement of the Commonwealth, in arts, science, and education. Yea, she will be obliged, by the force of cir cumstances, to become a small military province—with a standing army of thousands to protect the women and children, while the remainder of her people will be pressed to the earth, with taxation, to defray the expenses of the tyranny which will then be imposed upon them. Instead of peace there will be war—war of invasion and civil war. The States that will compose the Southern Republic will find new oauses of difficulty among themselves. Palmettodom will demand the lead , and the chivalry of Coweta Falls will contest her right to rule. The Quattlebums will rise in their wrath and cross the bloody Rubicon —the Savannah—to put down the rebellious hoosiers. The wealthy planters will be called on to pay the expenses , and forced loans will be resorted to, to keep up the war, until, finally, exhausted by internal strife, anarchy and revolution, the State will become an easy prey to the British Lion or some other grasping monarchy of the old world, even if Yankee-doodledom remains a quiet looker on at the lamen table scene. And all for what ? What is the gain for such infinite loss 7 What is the glory derivable from the fulfilment of this grand drama of dissolution 7 Let the people answer these questions to themselves, before they consent to engage in the work of ruin to which they are invited. Let them seriously enquire, “ whether it is not better to bear the ills we have, than fly to others we know not of.” In our humble judgment, there is no existing cause for the measure of secession, nor do we be lieve that the people of Georgia are prepared to th row away the real blessings now enjoyed, in chase after imaginary advan tages which can never be realized. They would be fools and madmen to do it. % ——% - Daily Mail South. —The Newport, Florida, “Times asks— “ Can you tell us, friend Citizen, when the S. W. Rail Road will be completed to Oglethorpe ?” We cannot give a definite answer to the inquiry of our Florida cotemporary, but presume that in about three or four months, we shall hear the whistle of the Locomotive on the S. W. Road. Judg6 Andrews. —judge Garnett Andrews, of Wilkes county, lias lately addressed an able letter to Messrs. Ilolsey, Chase, and Hull, of Athens, in favor of the Union. We shall endeavor to give an extract from the same in our next. Judge A. is well known in Georgia as a leading Democrat, an upright J udge and large Slave holder, and his opinions are entitled to the greatest respect. Slander Refuted. —The accusation of the Montgom ery Flag and Advertiser, against Mr. Belser, charging him with saying that the poor white men of the South would take sides with the North, turns out to be a 36—30 falsehood ! Thomas Jefferson’s views of Secession.— in the Southern Review for February 1830 we find, on pages 128, 129, the following notice of Thomas Jefferson's opin ions on the question of Secession of one or more States from the Union, which it seems had been proposed as a remedy for existing evils, even in the days of this great apostle of Repub licanism ! We give a few remarks of the Revjewer of “Jef ferson's Memoirs,” by way of preface to the extracts from Mr. Jefferson’s letters on this subject, which are quoted by the former. These letters were written during the four years of Mr. Jefferson's Vice Presidency, and have-, propriateness at the present time on the Secession question, which will repay the careful attention of the reader:— “We know that in these times of great excite ment, one of the modes in which the minority shew their sense of injustice from the dominant party, and their consequent alienation from them, is to threaten a separation of the States. Such senti ments seem to have been broached in a letter from a leading politician in Virginia to Mr. Jefferson, in 1798, and there is so much good sense as well as patriotism in his reply, that we cannot forbear to make from it the following extracts. After stilting that we were ‘completely under the saddle of M;is sachusetts and Connecticut, and that they rode us very hard,’ and that there must always be opposite parties in every free and deliberating society, he adds : “But if on a temporary superiority of the one party, the other is to resort to a scission of the U nion, no federal government can ever exist. If to rid ourselves of the present rule of Massachusetts and Connecticut, we break the Union, will the evil stop there? Suppose the New England States a lone cut off, will our nature be changed ? Are we not men still to the south of that, and with all the passions of men ? Immediately, we shall see a Penn sylvanian and a Virginian party arise in the residua ry confederacy, and the public mind will be distract ed with the same party spirit. What a game too will the one party have in their hands, by eternally threatening the other, that unless they do so and so, they will join their northern neighbors. If we re- duce our Union to Virginia and North Carolina, immediately the conflict will be established between the representatives of these two States, and they will end by breaking into their simple units. Seeing, therefore, that an association of men, who will not quarrel with one another, is a thing which never yet existed, from the greatest confederacy of nations down to a town meeting, or a vestry ; seeing that we must have somebody to quarrel with, I had ra | tlier keep our New-England associates for that pur j pose, than to see our bickerings transferred to oth ers.” * *Such in truth were Mr. Jefferson’s opinions even to the last moments of his life, In hia memorable letter to Mr. Giles in December, 1825. he reiterates the same opinions,and decares, that nothing but a subversion of ail the principles of our government could call for or warrant the dissolution of the Union. The following are his concluding sentences: “ And what is our resource for the preservation of the Constitution? Reason and argument! You might as well reason and argue with the marble columns encircling them. The representatives chosen by ourselves?—They are joined in the combination, some from incorrect views of govern ment, some from corrupt ones, sufficient voting together, to out number the sound parts, and with majorities of only one, two or three, hold enough to go forward in defi'ance. Are we then to stand to our arms 1 “ No ! thit must be the last resource, not to be thought of until much longer and greater sufferings. If every infrac tion of a compact of so many parties, is to be resisted at once as a dissolution of it, none can ever be formed which would last one year. We must have patience and long en durance then, with our brethren while under delusion. Give them lime for reflection and experience of consequences ; keep ourselves in a situation to profit by the chapter of ac cidents—and separate from our companions only when the sole alternatives left, are the dissolution of our union with them, or submission to a government without limitation of powers.” From all which it appears that Mr. Jefferson thought that “ nothing but a subversion of all the principles ts our government could warrant a dissolution of the Union.” In this, our day, however, we have politicians so much wiser than President Jefferson was in the zenith of his greatness, that Secession or dissolution is'the only redress which the South is to seek fora Constitutional act of Congress grant ing admittance to California, whose people saw fit to repudi ate our peculiar institution and adopt a State Constitution, that does not please us ! Shade of the immortal Jefferson! What a low grade of patriotism was thine, compared with that which warms the bosom of the Rhctts, the Yanceys, the Jones, and the Colquitts of the present hour. Non Intercourse. On Wednesday evening, the Fire-Eaters of Ma con mot for the 3d time, to form a “Southern Rights Association,’ but whether success followed, we are unable to say. It is whispered, about, there is trou ble in the ‘wigwam,’ arising from the proposition of a certain tall son of Esculapius, as Chairman of a Committee, to adopt the nou-intercourse policy, here at home, and to interdict all communication, socially religiously and commercially, with those who are not disunionists! A certain other disciple of the Pill-box, on the committee, couldn’t swallow so drastic a dose, and remonstrated against such a rash course of med ical practice as fatal to their professional standing. — The consequence was a “flare-up” and a suspension of further purgation of the body politic, until the Doctors in council could come to some agreement as to the diagnosis of the disease and the correct mode of therap ‘utical treatment! Shouldn’t won der if the whole case resulted like the man’s who was bitten by a road-dog —“The Dog it was that died.” Presented. —The Grand Jury of Harris has pre sented, as a nuisance, the ‘Southern Press’ and oth er prints, (Columbus Times, <fcc.) for publishing the abolition proceedings of the Cazenovia Convention in their columns. We also understand that his honor, Judge Hill, at the late session of the DeKalb Superior Court, charg ed the Grand Jury to look after those who were plotting disunion and treason against the govern ment, “There’s a good time_coming, boys.” The Physic works.— We have just beer i*r med, on reliable authority, that two individual! , have, the last year, traded to the amount of Kio with a certain mercantile firm in this citi i °° sworn, in their wrath, that they will tratfi * more with men who aided and abetted in tl ° I proceedings of the 23d August. This is the resolution which they have adopted, without ar, licitation from us ! How do you like the J gentlemen ? J c We We are also certified, that had the people of V con sustained Mob-Law, the effect upon the trat 1 the place, from Cherokee, Georgia, and East Tm * I see would have been nearly fatal. The patriot!, v many ot those regions, in such a case, would h I passed Macon by on the other side and refused 5 1 commercial intercourse with her. Happily the 3: pie of Macon, almost en masse, have repudiated \U Law, and the evil threatened will not, therefore If! us—just yet. ’ oe ** That Exodus! —That episode in the inters;,, life of the “Ruling Elder” of the “Federal R u j n ! itor, of Milledgevilie, is beginning to attract sonif at. tention trom the Georgia Press. Will it not be wli for some “ready writer” to satisfy the public cun 1 ity, by a detail of all the particulars of that hi* L , jr L incident ? It will doubtless be ‘rich and racy’ *f r , grave to gay—trom lively to severe.’ Say, Mitttr Campbell, were the Quattlebums after you witi sharp stick in 1 832 ? And did you ‘leave your court* try for your country’s good,’ chaunting the lament*, lion of— “ Ab, what perils do environ. The man who meddles with cold iron.” We only ask lor information. Will the ornc. grinder give us the music ? Latest from Texas.— “ Tho Steamer Galvctbin if. rived at New Orleans on the 20th, from Galveston, Tmii bringing the following important intelligence : The Legislature organized on the 6th having passed a bill directing the Governor to submit any proposition from tht U. S. as to the boundary settlement to the people. This Bill vetoed by Gov. Bell on the ground that the Legislature had no right to require him to convene that body in extra s*ioa or to submit a proposition to the people. Upon the first poi he was sustained by the House—the Senate having the bill by a 2-3 d’s vote. On the 2d point the House w r# ’ kunanimous ngaeoft-th* Governor. An adjournment waa thn ordereTtiil the 3d Monday of November, when there Eo doubt, says a letter writer from Austin, that the Legislature w ill sanction Pearce's Bill, “ by four to one at least.” The Governor is believed to be a Disunion man—hefire his veto ! But the people of Texas are not with him. So that the jubilation here, the other night, by the Fire Eaten on hearing of Beil's veto was premature, entirely. It wa* “ halloing before they were out of the woods”—as the ret* did not touch the question of settlement, ns proposed by Con gress. Besides that, the Legislature of Texas laid the War Bill on the table and adjourned with a view to give time to learn definitely what Congress would do. That she will ac cept the boon is therefore as morally certain as any futur# event can be.—“ LauiDeoV Coming’. —A gentleman writing from Mobile, A!, sends us $lO and five new subscribers, with the re mark, that the ‘names are fowarded principally from the facts of the outrage lately attempted on your lib erties, some of the parties having known von long and intimately, and also knotring that no Editor, in the Southern States, has been more sound on the Southern Question, than yourself.” JSF Another friend, from the seaboard, sends ui S2O as a seven years advance subscription, over and above his dues, with the injunction to send the ‘Cit izen,’ wherever published, until he says ‘ stop .’ Such testimonials are unmistakeable and invaluable to the Publisher, and serve as a sovereign panacea for many a bruise and much buffetting from men of violence and blood. : —and Another New Omnibus. — Those worthy and enter prizing gentlemen, Messrs. Mason and Dibble, have just i brought out another new Omnibus, for the use of the trsv ; elling public. It is named the “ Cherokee,” and is a gorgeon* and beautiful specimen of the “ Bus “ class, though not quite so large as the one previously introduced. From the incrtai ing patronage bestowed on this conippnv, by a discriminating public, there will often be need of their having both their Omnibuses on the line, between our Rail Road Depots, at the same time. Already has it oeeured, in several in stances, that they have been obliged to call into service a half dozen vehicles of another kind, or make double trips to meet the emergency . Success, say we. to all men of tact, industry and energy—who do things in a fair and honorable way, as do Messrs. Mason & Dibble! Bilbo* —A correspondent has favored us with a few items of the personal history of this man, whioj sojourning at Albany, that are rich, racy and pecu liar, and which we shall lay by for future use. Bil bo s exploits at the ten-pin alley and billiard saloon and his patent way of paying his debts, were a cau tion to both Jew and Gentile. His Opinion. —The Montgomery ‘Atlas,’ in re ply to the ‘Monitor’ of Tuscaloosa Ala. touching the Slavery question, honors us with the following: “ In our opinion, such papers as the Monitor, Mo bile Advertiser, the Georgia Citizen , and others of the same stamp, have done more injury to the cause’ of the South, than all the Garrison papers in New England put together; and in the same category do we rank the National Intelligencer and the Wash ington Union.” “In our opinion,” the Atlas Editor has said and done enough, if he were in his native land, to de serve and receive the hempen doom of a Traitor ! And this is what he and his disunion compatriots of the Robespierre school are fast coining to, even in this land of boasted liberty. As to the affiliation the Atlas has found for u>,. we feel honored by the classification thus assigned, the ‘Citizen.’ We are proud of an an association with such prints as the Advertiser, Monitor, Intelli gencer and Union, while the Atlas shows its affin ity with those of the ‘Garrisou’ school by freely copy ing abolition proceedings therefrom, for the benefit of Southern negroes ! *• As Nathan said unto David.” The following sentiment was given to the world, through the columns of the last “ Telegraph” of this city : “ The maintenance and execution of all laws depend in a great measure on public opinion, and that opinion should b* left as far as possible to the direction of those tribunals whose office it is to guard with vigiluce the invaluable right of trial by jury. It is certainly no part of the duty of the press to excite prejudice and forestall opinion against an ac cused individual, to whom the law, in its mercy, gives the benefit of every doubt.” Taking for granted, tlie newly invented doctrine that Editors are responsible for all the sentiments of their Corres pondents, whether they disclaim them or not, we are obliged to suppose that Sam Ray and Tom Ross endorse the lore going extract, and are willing to stand Gel-fathers to the sentiments thereof. This being premised as a “ fixed fact,” we congratulate the public that a very sensible “ change has come o’er the spirit of their dreams” since the 23rd day of last month, between the hours of 4 and 5, p. m. At that hour, precisely, both these gentlemen assisted to mob a pri vate citizen, on a false and trivial charge, and without once thinking of the “ right of trial by Jury,” or any other right. True, the Editors of the Telegraph have since unblushingly denied all participation in getting up of sajd mob, hut that denial is worthless, in view of the tacts that Tom Ross had pre viously denounced the “Citizen” as a “d—d abolition sheet ’ and Sam Ray did introduoe the far famed “ Policy Club” Jones to the meeting of the 23rd, as one of the speakers or* that lawful occasion ! Great lovers of law and order are these same! Great sticklers for tho “ trial by jury” are those, when one of their own kidney commits mnrdcr or burglary! In all other ctsm.