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From the Boston Transeript. PAINE’S LIGHT. THE GREATEST WONDER OF THE AGE! M. 11. Paine’s Apparatus is described in the fol lowing communication: pa ink’s hydroelectric light. Mr. Editor: —Having been favored —in company with Mr. Iluse, of this city, Mr. Ames of Spring field, and Mr. Merrick, President of the Gas Compa nv of that city—with a view of Mr. Paine’s appara tus for producing light from water, and of witnessing the whole machinery in operation, as well as operating it myself. I yield to the advice of my friends in giv ing publicity to my observations. Although I have been more or less conversant with chemistry for tin past eight years—yet, let it not be considered that consider myself deeply learned in these matters lx cause I venture to write upon a subject so full of mysteries and apparent contradictions as Mr. Paine’s light. This article is not intended exclusively for the scientific, but for the general reader; and I shall endeavor to give such explanations of the appara tus used by Mr. Paine that all can understand it. Mr. Paine claims, among other tilings, to have discovered a means of increasing the power of a magneto-electric machine, to such an extent that he can decompose water, rapidly with it; that he can take a jar of water, and by means of the electricity induced by this machine, can convert the whole of it into hydrogen gas , without the production of any’ oxygen whatever. He claims, also, that by chang ing the electrical poles, he can convert the whole of the jar of water into oxygen gas, without producing any hydrogen. That, after producing the hydro gen, as above, and passing it through spirits of tur pentine, it becomes catalized, and then wall burn with a clear and brilliant flame ; and this, too, with out any loss to the turpentine by the passage of the gas through it. In regard to light, independent of the other applications of the power, Mr. Paine claims to have discovered a means of producing it from water, by electricity, at a cost infinitely less than by any mode in operation. The above are startling propositions. Can Mr. Paine demonstrate them by practical experiments? The object of this article is to describe the apparatus used, and the result of the experiments as they ap peared to me. I shall not advance or defend any theory. Before giving the result of the experiments, let me describe the apparatus. This consists of four pieces, all placed upon a pine table or shelf, and in no way connected with any thing else. Mrst , A common magneto-electric machine, con sisting of two permanent horse-shoe magnets about twelve inches long. These were placed horizontally on a mahogany frame, about four inches apart, one being placed above the other. Between the ends of these magnets were a pair of helices, and these at tached to a wheel above that they could be set into a rapid rotary motion. Ihe peculiar construction of these helices, from which the immensely increased power is said to be obtained, I will hereafter de scribe. Sctond, A large open-mouth glass jar, capable of holding twelve quarts. This was a little more than ball full of water. (We tasted the water to satisfy ourselves that it was water.) Within this jar was placed a common bell-glass, open at the bottom of the large jar. The top of the bell-glass was closed tightly with a brass cap, which extended over it, so as to rest upon the sides of the jar. Passing through the cap of the bell-glass were two wires, which extended down to the bottom of the bell-glass, and terminated in a circular metallic box, one and a half inches long, and one inch in diameter. This box was hollow, and perforated with small holes in the upper part. The electrodes, or points of con nexion between the poles were in tUu, box. Vrho wa ter in the jar and bell-glass reached some inches above the electrodes. Third, A quart glass jar, half filled with spirits of turpentine. A tube of gas pipe passed from the top of the bell-glass, and into this jar of turpentine. From the cap which covered the jar of turpentine another tube or gas-pipe passed to a jet or burner, about twelve inches from the jar. Fourth , A common glass tumbler half filled with water. The above comprised all the apparatus used by Mr. Paine, with the exception of three wires, or ra ther flat strips of copper, by which he connected the magneto electric machine with the jar of water. These w ires were connected in the following peculiar manner. The end of one wire was screwed to the negative pole of the magnetic machine; and the other end to the first of the wires coming up from the electrodes through the top of the bell-glass. A second wire was screwed to the positive pole of the magnetic machine, with the other end terminating in the glass of water above mentioned. The third wire was screwed to the bell glass, or rather the second w ire which passes through it from the elec trodes within, and terminating in the same glass of water, although the wires in the glass did not touch each other. 1 have spoken of these wires —they were not wn*i —but merely thin strips of copper, having the appearance of being rolled out from wire. Now for the operation of the machinery. Mr. Paine commenced turning the wheel in the mag neto-electric machine, and we all looked to seo the gas arise from the electrodes in the jar of water — but no gas appeared. Mr. Paine was surprised—we were all surprised. At length Mr. Ames discovered that one of the wires, or copper ribbands, had been detached, or had not been screwed on to the top of the bell-glass. This being corrected, Mr. Paine again commenced turning the machine, and instantly large bubbles of gas arose from the electrodes, and filled the jar in less than a minute! After taking out a stopper from the bell-glass, and allow ing several jars full of gas to escape, in order to expel the common air, and prevent an explosion, these were stopped, and the gas forced on through the gas-pipe into the turpentine, aud through this to the jet or burner.— Between the jar of water where the gas was gene rated and the jar of turpentine, a jet issued from the pipe. This was lighted, and proved to be hy drogen gas. The flame, in front of a window was so pale that it could not be perceived. We could see it by placing a dark body behind it. Whilst this was burning, the gas was forced along through the turpentine to the other burner. Aflame was ap plied to this, and a brilliant light was shown ! Here were too flames, burning at the same time, from the same gas—the-first, before passing through the turpentine, burning with a pale, almost imper ceptible light—the second, after passing through the turpentine, burning with a light superior to any gas that I ever saw before. When the magnetic ma chine was stopped, not a bubble of gas would ap pear in the jar, and the lights went out. This small machine generated gas enough to supply a dozen burners, any one of which I should tliinksufficient to light a room. Now, it will-naturally be asked, “Could not this tremendous electrical power, which decomposed the water, be obtained from some other source than ihe magnetic machine ?” This question occurred to me before I saw the operation ; and I determined, if possible, to satisfy myself upon the subject. I there fore, with Mr. Paine’s full permission, examined the table. I could easily see that no wires or pipes en tered the glass jar of turpentine, or the glass jar of water, except the two connected with the magnetic machine. It was therefore to the magnetic machine that my attention was mainly directed. This ma chine I took up, and lifted it entirely away from the table —saw that no wires, or metalic substances w hat ever had any connexion with it from the table. I placed the machine again on the table, and turned he crank, and produced the gas in the jar, in the ame manner and with the same success that Mr. Paine had done. Mr. Ames and Mr. Merrick did the same thing, and we were? all satisfied, perfectly satisfied that the water was decomposed by the elec tricity from the magnetic machine and nowhere else. To deny this we must deny the evidence of our own senses. The gas was also produced faster, by a thousand—yes ten thousand times, than we had ever seen it before by a similar apparatus ! We had also the most positive evidence that the gas, af ter passing through the turpentine, furnished a bril liant light. The gas produced appeared to be hy drogen —we judged by the smell and the burning —and yet Mr. Paine said, although he called it hy drogen gas, it differed from the ordinary hydrogen. I asked Mr. Paine why he interrupted the positive pole by the glass of water, why he cut this wire in two, and placed the ends in a ghiss of water ? lie said that, unless this done both hydrogen aud oxy gen would be generated in the bell-glass; by this means, lie only obtained the hydrogen. There ap peared to be no oxygen generated by the opera tion. As to the amount of turpentine consumed by pars ing the gas through it, it was impossible for us to determine in the short time —an hour—we were en gaged in generating and burning the gas. Mr. P. stated the gas was not carbonized , but was catalized in passing through the turpentine by the process.— Several gentlemen of high standing in Worcester, a few days previous to our visit purchased at a store a small quantity of turpentine, measuring it accu rately, which they took toMr. Paine’s establishment, and passed the gas, produced by three sets of mag nets, through it for several hours, lighting the whole of Mr. Paine’s house. The turpentine was again measured at the close, and found to have lost but a tea spoonful —only as much as would be lost by eva poration, and by turning it from one vessel into an other. A certificate was published to that effect. The Helices. —Mr. Paine claims that, by an improv ed construction of the helices in the magneto-electric machine, he has increased the electrical power of that instrument infinitely, say ten thousand fold, suffi cient to produce the wonderful results above describ ed. The peculiar construction of these helices were shown to us and explained. Before describing them, I should make a remark respecting the ordinary helices of a magneto-electric machine. It is well known that the power of an electro-magnetic machine, with the ordinary helices up to a certain point, de pends upon the amount of surface of insulated cop per w ire in the helices. It is only upon the surface of this wire that the electricity can be conducted. Mr. Paine’s helices differ from the above in this: that the wire which forms the coil is made hollow, being formed by twisting or winding very thin strips of copper forming it into a tube. This wire or tube is then covered with India rubber or gutta percha to insulate it; and then filled with water. This water within the wire, forming the helices, is so arranged as to be brought in contact with the current of elec tricity induced from the magnets in the same man ner as the wire that surrounds it. Faraday has estab lished the fact, that a very small quantity of water is capable of containing a vast amount of electricity; I think he says that a single drop of water will con tain as much electricity as a thunder cloud; sufficient to burst oft’ the gable end of a house. Just in pro portion as the power of the helices is increased to induce or receive the electric current, so is its power increased to give it oft’. Now look at Mr. Paine’s argument. In the first place, he has a double surface of wire exposed in the helices—an outer and an inner surface. In the next place, he has half a pint of water revolving in his helices—a substance capable of containing a thousand, yes ten thousand fold more electricity than the same bulk of copper wire. (The above descrip tion of Mr. Paine’s helices I have given with his full consent and approbation.) To this improvement in the construction of InF Mr minims to the power <jL*j o Magnetic-electro machine\so as to produce the woli derful results above described. The experiments which we saw, and in which I think we could not be mistaken, would goto show the claim of Mr. P. to be well founded. I have here given a plain statement of facts, as they were show n and explained to us; and leave every one to draw his own conclusion. Whether Paine can apply his improvement practically on a large scale sufficient to light a city—whether he has dis covered j>erpelual motion,’ whether he has discover ed a substitute for all other motive power, and for all other heat, as well as many other things which are claimed for him—are questions involving more difficulties than I feel at present competent to solve. I am far from denying, however, that lie can do these things. Yours, respectfully, G. Q. COLTON. Jims Stans. By Telegraph and Otherwise. Congressional Intelligence. —The Senate is engaged on tlie French Spoliation Bill. The House of Representatives have passed the Cheap Postage Bill, by a vote of 130 yeas to 75 nays. This bill makes the uniform postage of letters three cents, and printed matter, not weighing over two ounces, one cent. News papers, delivered in the State where the paper is published, arc charged only half cent postage. — On magazines, 50 per cent, deduction is made for pre-pay ment. Newspapers are free when sent only 30 miles. Jan. 17. The Asia reached her wharf at New York, at 10 o’clock. The Cotton market is steady, aud prices are the same as per Franklin and Niagara. Bread Stuffs arc unchanged, as are Provisions also. There is a quiet demand for Silver, and prices advancing.— American Stocks are firm. Baring's Liverpool Circular of the 3rd inst., quotes Fair Upland, 7 7-Bd.j Mobile, Bd.; Orleans 8 1-8. The stock on hand 521,000 bales. Prime Rico 19s. Coffee and Sugar firm. Political affairs, as before stated, entirely satisfactory, eve ry thing quiet aud peaceful, both oh the Continent and in Germany. The American steamer Atlantic left on her regular day, and apprehensions for her safety are seriously entertained. New York Market, Jan. 19. The Cotton market remains firm, nnd 2000 bales sold to day. The week’s sales amount to 10,000 bales. Fair Up lands are quoted 14 1-2, Orleans 15 1-4. Rice is active, and 17(t0 tierces have been sold during the week, prices clo sing from 3 1-8 to 3 9-IC. Flour and other articles unchan ged. New Orleans, Jan. 19. Destruction of the St. Charles Hotel by Fire. —The St. Charles Hotel took fire this morning, and is entiiely destroy ed, including most of the furniture. The Methodist Church and Clapp's Church also destroyed, together with several dwelling houses. The Ore Is supposed to have been the work of an incendiary. The loss js very heavy. On Wednesday last, Stephen R. Mallory, of Key West, was elected to the United States Senate, to succeed Mr. Yu lee. On thfe two first trials, the vote stood—Yulee 29, Blank 29; on the 3d—Yulee 28, Blank 30 ; on the 4th—Yulee 23, Blank 4. Mallory 31. Mr. Mallory is represented to us by his friends, as a man of moderate and conservative opin ions.— Tallahassee Sent. 21 st inst. 1 knnsylvania. —Hon. Richard Brodhtad lias been elected • . S. Senator from Pennsylvania. He was the regular Democratic nominee and a Union man. I.x i raordinart Marriages.— The following occurrence took place in London : A gentlemen, a widower left with three sons, became acquainted with a widow lady who had three daughters. The lady and the gentleman married, and with the children of the two families lived together ten years. During the last six weeks, the sous and daughters were married to each other, and what is more singula” the eldest son married the eldest daughter, and the others in the !i i ii im®¥ jl - ITY i z‘* fj 3 School Teacher Murdered. --On the 9th inst., in Wavne township, Clement Cos., Ohio, Artemas C. Mor row was kiLecl by one of his pupils named John Dale, bv blows from a stiek of wood. It appears that Morrow had punished a brother o( Dale, when the latter aided by a school mate named Groves, attacked him and beat him to death. The two boys then fled. Dale was 21 years, aud Groves IS years of age. Hungarians in California. —The Journal of Commerce learns that 100,000 acres of eligibly situated land in Califor nia, have been offered by an Ex- Aleade, on highly favorable terms, to Mr. Briesack, a Hungarian in New York, with the hope of getting his countrymen to settle upon it and engage in agricultural pursuits. Several hundred Hungarians are expected to arrive here shortly, and it is not improbable that a portion of them may avail themselves of this offer. 1 koposed tederation.— the .Montreal Courier mentions a rumor that the Provincial Parliament will meet for the des patch of business on the sth of February next, and that a scheme will probably be submitted for the confederation of all the British North American Colonies. The measure is re ported to have the sanction and to einanato from the sugges tion of the Home Government. Steamship Atlantic. —The New York Commercial Ad vertiser says: “The non-arrival of this vessel has caused much painful anxiety among those who have friends on board. We have every confidence that the the noble ship is safe, be lieving that her supply of coal has ben short, and her officers have made for the Western Islands, St. Thomas, or some other of the West India islands, to obtain a supply. —i K Important Political Movement.— Washington, 21.—More petitions for the repeal of the repeal of the fugi-’ tive slave law were presented and laid on the table. A pledge has been signed by sixty members of Congress, fifty of whom are whigs, to support no man for President or Vice President, or for Congress or the State Legislature, who is not for the Compromise measures, and against the agitation of the slavery question. From California. — New York, Jan. 21. —Tho steam ers Cherokee and Prometheus arrived to-day with two and a quarter millions of gold, and California dates to Dec. 16th. The Falcon left Chagres on the 13th inst. San Francisco market dull. There has been another fire at San Francisco, and two hundred thousand dollars worth of property burnt. The cholera has disappeared from Kingston. (Tl)i’ (liwgiit Cifiini. E. F. W. ANDREWS, Editor. MACON, GA., JANUARY 25, 1851. To (’orrcspoisdciits. —i .hies by a ‘Sailor,’ received. ‘Lieutenant’ will oblige by sending us the Lecture on tho benefits of a thorough knowledge of Civil Engineering, and other pieces, arranged in Chapters of convenient length. The B s say, mcrs <Af ent “HI have a place in our next. F. M. C., |,i i far his exertions to increase our circulation. Would we had a hundred such agents. Your previous order was overlooked if received. Two copies sent to Plains of Dura, but the name of A. Ik was not mentioned In your letter. Shall always ’™r- ■**'a*”t sort. Letters from New York ft 1, received too late far the present issue. . * ———rnirr n The fase of Knight. —On Thursday morning, this ease was brought up for trial before the Superior Court, and the day was consumed in endeavoring to get a jury, ten members of which were empantielled before the adjourn ment of court at night. On yesterday the pnnnel was com pleted nnd the case is now in progress. The following are the names of the Jury : David Monerief, John McEhrmrry, John Ilaneoek, Hen ry Clark, Craven R. Peyton, John Buckner, John G. Mar tin, John Rabun. Joseph J. Holoman, Ira E. Taylor, Alex. Melrose, Wm. Monds. Macon Mechanics’ Society. The first of the contemplated series of popular Lectures before this Society, will take place at the Hall of the Tomochichi Division 8. of T. on Saturday evening next, Feb. 1 at half past 7 o’clock, at which hour Professor Loomis will deliver a Lecture on the Relation of Chemistry to the Arts, Sciences, and Phenomena of Nature, illustrated by brilliant and appropriate experiments. Tickets of admission can be had at the Book Stores, of the Secretary of the Society, of either member of tho Library Commit tee, and at the offices of the Journal and Messenger and Georgia Citizen- Fora single Ticket, 25 cents will be charged ; Ticket admitting two ladies and a gentleman, 50 cts. ; Family Ticket, 75 cts.; Pupils 10 cents, each; Members of the society, regular and honorary, with their families, admitted free. The nett proceeds of the Lecture will be devoted to the increase of the Library, which is designed to be accesible to all, on reasonable terms. To an object so praiseworthy, will not the citi zens, generally, give their aid and countenance ? Will not the Mechanics, of the city, especially, feel a lively interest in the matter and take their families and spend a profitable hour in the Lecture Boom ? And final]}’, will not the Teachers of youth and tho Reverend Clergy lend their influence in the advance ment of nn enterprize of such vital importance to the moral and intellectual health of the commu nity ? They are ever foremost in works of useful ness, which justifies us in an appeal to them on this occasion. Rev. T. Bcrminsliam.— Wel.ad the pleasure of a call, the other day, from this esteemed Prelate, who has for several years been Pastor of the Catholic Church of Colum bus, and who is about removing back to South Carolina. He is a gentleman of superior acquirements and much worth, having by an unblemished life and faithful devotion to tho interests of his people secured the respect and confidence of the entire community from which he has recently been sepa rated by the orders of his Bishop. Wherever his lot may bo east, the good wishes of thousands will go with and to bless him. An American in Prison.— Edward stiff, formerly of Cherokee eo. Ala. writes to Senator Clemens that lie lias been imprisoned in Cuba because he carried ordinary arms, and wished to publish an English newspaper inllavanun. — This gentleman is well known in North Alabama, as an Edi tor who was in many difficulties, a few years since, at his home in that State, lie passed through Macon about two or three months ago, on a trip of agency for a newspaper lie proposed to publish in Atlanta. This was the last we heard from this eccentric individual until the announcement just made of his being a prisoner in Cub;.. In all probability, his present trouble lias been brought about by his own impru dence of speech or conduct. A South Carolina Speech!— A member of theS. C. Legislature v.as delivered of the following speech on the motion to call a Convention in that State: ‘*Mr. Speaker, 1 have but a few words to say, mid won’t detain you—not five seconds. It is not principle Igo for, nor dollars, nor cents, nor newspapers. Igo for my family, my wife Nancy and my children—and for charitable works. I give you my word, my hat, my soul and body, and I voto for k:n n fw.o} I-1 % jl/mJT KM? JMfSp M .tit. \t m Macon Female Charitable Association. At the Anniversary meeting of the Macon Charitable As sociation the following Officers and Managers were elected for 1851. Mrs. \V M. GRA'i , Superintendent. Miss ELIZ ABETH ROBINSON, Secretary. Mrs. ROBI'. COLLINS, Treasurer. MANAGERS. Episcopal Church—Mr*. Wm. B. Parker, Mrs. J. L. Jones, Mrs. Cutter. Methodist Church —Mrs. Kirtland, Mrs. J. B. Ross, Miss Elizabeth Robinson. Baptist Church —Mrs. S. Rose, Mrs. L. J. Groce, Mrs. Win. Gray. Pres byterian Church —Mrs. Robs. Collins, Mrs. Robt. Carver, Mrs. llobt. Lanier. Vtneville —Mrs. 11. Oldershaw, Mrs. T. A. Brewer, Mrs N. C. Monroe. From the annual Report of the Superintendent for 1850, we gather the following statistics : Our Association now numbers 162 members, consisting of 158 adults, 4 juveniles 42 males, and 120 females. The total receipts iu the Treasury, embracing the balance left from last year, amount to $230,47 Total, amount expended $11,67 Balance on hand $ 18,80 During the present year wo havo relieved twenty families, and provided a regular monthly stipendary. The Lecture of Professor Loomis, last week, yielded over S6O in aid of the Funds of the Society. Important to Mechanics. A motion has been made in Council that the Committee on I’ublie property be authorized to employ, by the year, a t competent Mechanic, st a salary not exceeding $350, to work under the direction of the appropriate Committees.— We would liko to see that competent wliito Mechanic that wilf take this liberal offer, of one dollar per day or there abouts, when lie can get $2 per day, as easily as falling off a log ! In sober earnestness, we would ask, on what princi ple of public policy is it, that printers’ fees and mechanics’ wages generally are razeed by Council fifty per cent below the regular price of work in the city ? It will be perhaps well for the mechanics to have a stronger representation in the next Board, if this unjust discrimination against them is continued by those in authority. Let them see to it. superior fourt.- -The Superior Court of Bibb Cos., tlie lion. James 11. Stark, presiding, is now in session, in this city. The Criminal Docket is a very heavy one, and if cleared, will necessarily retard or postpone much important civil business before tlie Court. W 110 is lIC ? —Who is that ‘Old Union Democrat,’ that talks so finely in the Messenger to the Union Dem ocrats, about their position, prospects &c. ? Hear his ad vice to his brethren : “We are asked to forget all their insults and injuries; all their harsh epithets and slanderous names, and go back quietly into a family from which we have been forced to separate, because we were patriots and loved our country, and refused to follow in the lead of a few factious politicians, who not being permitted to serve in heaven, were ambitious to rule in liell. For this the LTiion Democrats have been villified and abused—have been scorned and scouted—have been called traitor and tory —have been threatened with all sorts of vengeance, from an “ immortality of infamy ” to the more summary penalty of “ Black Jack and Grape Vine.’’ This is the correct doctrine, but we do not think that tlie Union Whigs are pursuing the proper course to perpetuate the organization of the Union party in this county and city, however desirable the consummation. For example:—when the Union Whigs in Council voted $125, per annum, to an unprincipled press that has abused them nnd the party they represent, to the extent stated in the above paragraph and more, it was a stretch of courtesy to an implacable enemy, at the expense of a faithful friend and Union Democratic ally, which cannot easily be blarnied over by the honied words of “an old Union Democrat.” Moreover, a permanent treaty of friendship between the Union Whigs and Union n>w.,<ratg. J><! brought about by any sucli injustice; and we wai-nall interested that a repetition of the wrong iToncT will bo deemed sufficient evidence that the truce between the old parties is hollow and insincere, on the part of the Union Whigs, and will be treated accordingly. “Taken in and done for.”— On Thursday eve ! **ing hist, at the Rook Auction in this city, we were most egrcgiously placed in the category set forth by the caption to this article. On looking over the assortment of Books, with a view to cull out the choicest treasures of Literature, on pri \ ate account as well as in fulfilment of a commission entrust ed to us, we chanced to spy a little volume beautifully bound in the style of annual offerings and entitled “OUR DAY, by J. o r. Adams. ’ On opening what appeared to be a gem, our eye caught the heading of a chapter entitled “ the gallows shall be cast down,” that induced us to think well of the book, written by an old acquaintance and one we had much respect for, in “ days lang syne.” Accordingly, we bid a quarter upon it, when offered by the auctioneer, de spite his insinuation that its contents were decidedly Junky, and it was knocked down to us. On an examination, how ever, of the work, we soon discovered that we had got much more than we had bargained for. A more vil | lninous abolition publication we have never seen.. The ■ contributors to its pages arc the notorious Theodore | Parker, Horace Grcely, Rev. Henri/ lfacon, and oth ers of that kidney. This is the warpjj f the whole product and it* oiling is composed of a few unexceptionable papers on Capital Punishment and Intemperance. Among other rich and odorous articles, we find a poetic eulogy on that run away negro, Fred. Douglass, by the Editor, J. G. Adams, aforesaid, which for high-wrought bombast is unequalled.— Faugh 1 the whole thing is a stench in onr nostrils. We look upon “ Our Day,” as a fair and whited sepulchre, beau tiful without and of rich investiture, but within, “full of dead men’s bones,” and all uneleanness. We cannot keep it on our premises. Wo will not let the public have access to its polluting pages. What then shall be done with it ? Ah ! we have it. After tearing the Icavcsto in shreds and frazzles, ivo will have it publicly offered as a burnt-offering before the auction throng the night of the day on which we write this notice, (Friday.) And such will be the inevitable fate of all like incendiary publications that may chance to reach us by mail, or otherwise. A Thief Caught. On Wednesday evening last, Deputy Marshal Wood, as sisted by two citizens, arrested a man who answers to the de scription of W. A. F. Allen, advertised 14th January, in the Columbus Enquirer by Charles S. Gaulden, of Lumpkin, as a negro thief, Src. About the 28th of December last, Allen came to this city and put up at Mr. Beasley’s House, for several days, having with him a negro man of the de scription of the one stolen from Mr. Gauhling. He rode in a covered Buggy and had a fine horse, both of which were probably stolen. On his return here on Wednesday, he was without the negro and had plenty of funds, and the presumption, therefore, is, that lie lias sojd the negro in this or one of the adjoining counties. The negro is named Abram, is about 25years old, fully six feet high, weighing 100 lbs.—alittlo light complected, small feet, hands, and eyes. Had on and with him, when stolen, a white woolen linscy sack coat & pants, a broad cloth sack, and a pair of coarse boots and shoes. On Allan’s arrest he jumped into the buggy at. Mr. Beasley’s door and put out, but he was follow ed into V ineville by the citizens before mentioned, in anoth er buggy,and finding himself too hotly pursued, he left his vehicle and ran through houses and across lots, and finally took refuge under a building from which he was dragged and conveyed to prison. On his way to jail he offered SIOO, to each of his captors and gave Marshall Wood S2OO to let him slide. He had also three or four hundred Dollars to give to his counsel, and the latter took out a writ of Habeas Camus returnable be- j fore his honor Judge Stark, on Thursday morning at 7 o’clock, ! but the J udge having heard the circumstances postponed a hearing till half past 12 of that day. In the mean time a Telegraphic dispatch was sent to the Sheriff of Muscogee who replied that the right man Allen was in their hands, and to hold on to him. * This fact and other circumstances appearing on the examination, he was remanded to prison to await the coming of the Sheriff, from whose custody he lately’ escaped, on some other charge. The money in possession of Alk-n consisted mostly of new bills of the Marine and Fire Insurance Bank, which item may furnish a clue as to the purchaser of the stolen negro. This ease and others which have transpired, recently, au thorize us to conclude that there is a well organized band of thieves prowling about the country seeking the opportunity to commit depredations, and against whose swindling devi ces the public should be on their guard. Macon is however a poor place for successful robbery, so long as we have such energetic officers as Wood, Shaw and others to hunt up thieves and vagabonds and bring them to justice. Rogues had better give a wide berth to this locality if they wish to thrive by their roguery. Georgia Rail Roads.—The following table of the Rail Roads of Georgia in operation and progress, we clip from the- Messenger and Journal of Wednesday : 1. Central Road from Savannah to Macon, completed; 191 miles. 2. Georgia Road from Augusta to Atlanta, completed, 171 ‘i 3. Macon and Western Road from Macon to Atlanta, completed, 101 “ Western and Atlantic Road from Atlanta to Chattanooga, completed, 140 “ 5. South-Western Road from Macon to Oglethorpe, nearly completed, 51 “ G. Muscogee Road from Columbus to Fort Valley, on South-Western, m progress, 71 “ 7. Atlanta and West Point Road from At lanta to West Point, in progress, 85 “ 8. Milledgeville Road from Gordon to Miiledgeville, in progress, 18 “ 9. Eatonton Road from Miiledgeville to FMt onton, iu progress, . 22 “ 10. V> ilkes Road from Rouble Wells to Washington, in progress, 18 “ 11. Athens Branch from Union Point to Athens, completed, 39 “ 12. Burke Road from 80 mile Station on Central Road to Augusta, in progress. 56 “ Total, completed and in progress, 963 miles. Manufacturing C apital es Muscogee , —F’rom the census returns of Muscogee we find that the amount of capital invested there in manufactures is —and that invested in the manufacture of Cotton and Wool is $493,000. The population of the county is IS,G23 —that of the city $5,-’ 942. So good an example of enterprize should have its in fluence upon other counties jitid cities of the Commonwealth. There is the element of true independence in it which is tan gible. More Enterprize.- -We see it stated in the Albany i Patriot, that our old friends Capt. W. J. McCallister of Co lumbus, purposes to build one or two boats, the ensuing sum mer, to ply regularly between Appalaehicola and New Or leans. Other parties propose to construct a light draught boat to run between Albany Ga. and Appalacbioola. When these project.® are carried out and the Rail Road to Oglethorpe is finished, we see no reason why that route from Macon to New Orleans will not bo the most pleasant and speedy that ean be devised, between this place and the Crescent city. The greatest difficulty in the way will be the land freight from Oglethorpe to Albany or Chattahoochee This however we hope to see obviated, by the construction of a plank road from Oglethorpe to some point on the Chattahoochee river, where said river is always navigable. This done, said route must command a large share of tho travel and grocery trade between this State and Louisiana. A Union Democrat,— a correspondent of the Flor ence, (Ala.) Gazette thus gives his opinion of the Ultra Dis unionists ot the country. That he uses great plainness of I speech,” will hardly be questioned: “ Abolition, nul.iiieation and disunion are three tilings I al . ways despised. I fought in the wars of 1812, ’l3 and ’l4, to uphold a,d sustain ties l nion, and have been a strong Union ! man ever since, and a full bloodid Democrat, and will be b itli ias long as I live. Druthers W liigs and Democrats thruugh ~4 l >.> (J-!i li1 down your flags and stack y< nr arms, and come over to the 1 niou side, amigo wttfi us,amT we will do thee good. A man that would advocate a dis solution of this our glorious Union, must have his heart washed with lampblack and dog's grease, A man of that character could not get a meal's victuals or a bed to sleep on at my house. My dogs should not bark at a man of that character, l! 1 was to catch a buzzard eating the carcass of a disunionist, 1 would shoot it. They are the last of all God's creation—fit for nothing but to be winked at by negroes, kick ed at by mules, gored by bulls, and butted by rams.” Southern Cultivator. T-The January No. of this popular Agricultural paper comes laden with its \aried treasures yt scientific lore, and highly use ful intelligence, on subjects ol interest to every citi zen. 1 lie planters ot the South should encourage a work so ably conducted and handsomely illustra ted. \\ . b. Jones, Augusta, Ga. publisher and I >r. Lee, Editor. Terms 1,00 per annum,'in ad vance. Abolition Charily. —A fugitive slave applied recent- | ly to two of the leading Abolitionists of Buffalo, New York, for aid, and received from one Jive and the other six cents, all told ! Was not that liberal ? Missouri. —Benton lias not been re-elected Senator from Missouri, as yet. The twenty-sixth ballot was taken Friday, with the following result: For Henry S. Geyer. whig, 70; Mr. Benton 55 ; Mr. Green, 31. The “ Union Hum bug • ** —Some of the Disunion presses are making merry over the probable postponement of the proposed Union meeting at Washington on the 22d Feb ruary, and denounce it as the “Union Humbug.’’ Let them not halloo before they are out of the woods. A National Union Party will be formed, we reckon, soon enough for the Fire-Eaters and Abolitionists—at all events the Union Par ty of Georgia can go ahead and prosper, whether “alone in her glory” or in cohoot with oilier States. Fraud in lVood. Mr. Editor :—W ould it not be well for council to pass an ordinance, regulating the sale of wood, or rather requiring all loads of wood offered for sale in the city to measure a certain number of feet 7 say a one horse load.two fret—two horse load four feet, Are. We are now literally swindled by some of the wood-sellers I engaged a lot of wood and was to re ceive two cords in five loads. I measured some of the loads and none exceeded a third of a cord, and some measured on ly a fourth. A BUYER. What docs it mean] Mr. Editor: —Can you give a poor citizen any informa tion as to the real meaning of the voteef thanks, to the Bridge keeper and his assistant, lately passed by the working coun- j cd ? I find there are various interpretations given to the re- ■ solution; and as each appears plausible mougb, unless you can enlighten our ignorance, l think its “daddy’’ should give us more light on the subject. Some supfto.se the resolution to he a rebuke to the old Council, for neglect of this duty, considering it to have been peculiarly their province to thank such of the public ser vants it engaged, that were entitled to this distinction. Others are uncharitable enough to snuff iu it a burlesque on the usual vote of thanks to the Mayor. Others, again, maintain that it is a covert censure on the public Printers, Marshals, street contractors, and our four legged scavengers, and assert in maintenance of the position that inasmuch as one Council thanked the Mayor and the oth er the Bridgtkeeper, for having property performed their du ties, it was invidious to omit the others if they had performed their duties, in a satisfactory manner. I must confess the thing is too deep for my learning, and have give it up. QUERIST. Saturday last, the body of John McCormick, Esq., was found about two miles below the place where he was drowned, and was buried on Sunday. The Masons and Odd Fellows (of which Societies he was a leading member) turned out at the funeral and attended his remains to their final resting plaee.— Montgomery Ala. Register. Alabama and Tennessee River Rail R oa(j The .Mobile Register in calling attention to a navm an instalment on the stock remarks: Cn * “ The prospects of the enterprise arc most eneom-,™: Filty-lix miles of the road, from Selma to already under contract for construction, and arrant ** are being made to have the route from the Cooaii ** Gadsden graded at an early day. The whole road Ju * may be said to bo upon the eve of construction. Wh s ished, it will pour the rich products of north eastern AW ma, and Tennessee, as from a horn of plenty, into the U Mobile, and draw returning supplies from our port fj r fertile and populous sections. No project bids fc r <, lit! profitable to its stockholders, at au early day, or to commercial benefits through our State. ‘ Counterfeiters Arrested.— Two men. named u and Mcllroy, were arrested on Monday bust under a cha ** of counterfeiting. They were detected in pawing couniwr* half-dollars, and when arrested several other piece* of hi! same denomination were found in their possewi< m t! * have committed for trial at the term of the court whuo, mchees its session on Monday. <X)tu ‘ Arrival of the Steamship Florida—The fi D steamship Florida arrived at her wliarf at an early fcoa yesterday morning, having come ‘o anchor inside of at 1 o’clock, A. M. She has thus made the trip i n 58 fc, one of the shortest ever made. This would be equal to 52 hours to the Charleston Bar. She brings 35 cabin r*. sengers and a good freight. Meeting at Tremont Temple—Chaplin Thompson. Boston, Jan. 18.185]. Mr. Wm. L. Chaplin, the negro abductor, was rewired last evening at Tremont Temple, by an audience of about Tut) one th ; rd of whom were colored people. He related hi* Ro ry and a subscription was raised towards making up the $25 000 for which he is bailed. After which Mr. George Thompson was introdatri- Ile was received with applause and hisses, but tbe distwhaws was not so great as to prevent his speaking. Il e *aid ; lf blushed fur the city of Boston, and that acts had been pom mitted here w hich made it stink in the nostrils of humanity ITe abused the Union meeting which was held in Fanupf Ilall, President Fiilmore, the South, the Church, 6t. 6iv He was frequently interrupted in his speech by indignant hisses and cries. There would possibly have been --j crM disturbance bad the holding of tho meeting been motep*. erallv known. Governor Quitman and the Cuban Expe w . tion.— The Vicksburg Whig, of the 16th, say*:-U is rumored here that a writ from a court now in se fiion at New Orleans, demanding the appearance of Governor Quitman at its bar, to undergo an exani nntion in regard to his allcdged implication Cuba enterprise of May lastj has been received at Jackson—that the Governor refuses to answer the demand, and threatens to call upon the people of Mississippi for protection, and that Judge Gholson of the L. S. Court now sitting in Jackson, has ex pressed a determination to use federal authority in him vested, to execute the writ to the full par port of its requisition. This talk of resistance and en forcement is from the lips of rumor ; but we believe 1 it is a tact that the writ has been issued and is now 1 in Jackson. From certain arguments in a late M sissippian, the Governor’s organ, it may readily be \ inferred that the motive in calling the Legislature together at this time, was to plaee obstructions in tbe way of the Governor’s attendance upon the Court at New Orleans. W e should not be surprised if tint splendid enigma—the extra session—were to find its true explanation in Gov. Quitman’s connection with the Cuba affair, llut nous verrous. Head Rest for Railroad Car Peats.-— Mr. A loiTToTsbeTT, of Norwalk,'Cohnl, has invented and taken measures to secure a patent for anew improve ment on car seats, which will be very useful and convenient to all who use it. The improvement eontists iu a moveable pad, for the head to reit uj -011, which is made to lie carried by any person, and can be attached to the back of any railroad oar seat, Ac., and raise or lowered to the proper height for the head, either to recline for ease or to take a com fortable nap when travelling, or otherwise. The rest is a pad, which slides in a sheath (folded up) and having a ratchet cut on its rod, is held by * spring at any and -sirabic height. It can also be per manently attached, but its convenient qualities lie in being portable, whereby it clasps on the back of the car seat, for tbe benefit of all whom it may concern Mr. Paine has received by the last steamer Lis Rnglinli let ter patent for bis so-called water-gas discovery.. A wager of SSOOO, proposed by Mr. Paine, that lie eotsii substantiate his claims by experimental demonstration, bis been accepted by a writer who signs himself T. in the Boston Atlas, with t!i understanding that the electric circle is not to be complete— that there shall be no possible connection between the pole* of the battery, either by metallic, fluid, or any other electric conductor; also, that there sliail be no oxygen generated, i* a free or combined state ; and, further, that Mr. Paine sh*’ show to the satisfaction of the supervising committee he pro poses, that hut one current of electricity passes through tb fluid, by the agency of which hydrogen is alone disengaged [AT. Y. Gour. <J- £?• California Senator.— We learned yesterday, fro™ * friend just from California, that Judge Sid. Ileydenfc'Jt) formerly of Russell county, in this State, is a candidate before the Legislature now in session, for tbe office of United State* Senator from California, and that there was a strong proba bility of his election.— Advertiser and Gazette . ———I The new post office law which has just passed tin House of Representatives, and will, it is thought, pass Senate, fixes the uniform rate for half ounce letters at 3 cert*- h Newspaper are tree within thirty miles of the place of [> ■ lication. Printed matter not over two ounces, one cent, d* I newspapers delivered in the State where printed, halt's I Fifty per cent deduction on magazines when prepaid. Tin* ■ cent coins have been ordered, and three cent stamps a? tu * I issued. - - w A pamphlet published in Mexico states that the income the elergv of that country amounts to $20,000,000 per sr num. They are also in possession of landed property np resenting an enormous capital. The revenues of the Gener al Government itself are stated not to exceed s6,ooo,ow llit Them Again.—An exchange declares that he wou Id cheat the printer j Mould rob a crying babv of gerbread or a church of counterfeit pennies—lick the be: ‘ off a blind darkey’s last slitter, —pawn his grandmother specks for a drink of whiskey —steal acorns from an oM *’*• and the elothes from a scare crow to make a respectable f pearance in society. The Atlanta and Dahlonega Plank Road Comp*®? been organized by the election of Barrington King Presi*® u and George 11. Camp Secretary. The route has bee®* 1 ’ veyed, and the prospects for building the road are bettef they have been. Tax on Xf.gro Sellers.— There is a proposition * the City Council of Richmond, Va., to lay heavy . those who are engaged in the sale of negroes. The os ble object is to increase the city revenues ; but the op js expressed that the taxes which it is in cc>ntenipiaiJ |,n pose are are so large that the trade will be driven aA’ ‘ that market. The present income of Richmond lro ® . business of buying and selling slaves, is estimated to 000 per year.— Sav. Rep. , From the last annual report made by the siouerof Indian Affairs, it appears that there 1 the State of N. Y. 1000 Indians, having ti vet ion 1600 acres of land.