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Correspoitat?. L£TT£RS from EW YORK. NO. 8. New York, March 27, 1851. Dear Doctor: —The arrival of Martin Farquhar Tapper in this city has created quite as great a sensa tion .annum the Literati, as did the recent visit of Ilenry Clay among the Politicians. Bat what what a great difference between the two men 1 One a mere pigmy—the other an intellectual giant. One a weak sapling amid the forest of greater trees, swayed to and fro by the breath of every tempest —the other amigthy oak, whose thousand branches, silvered with the hoary moss of many wintera, are lifted up as in mute prayer to God, around which the lightnings are forever weaving a blazing coronal of glory! One a very inferior poetaster—the other, a mighty statesman ; one an Endymiou, listening to the silver tales of the moon on a frosty night—the other, a mighty Cyclops, forging thunderbolts for bis own Jupiteriau .arm, where with to hurl destruction upon the ignoble tyrants of the land. One disturbs the religious quiet of the night by tinkling on a lady’s guitar—the other keeps awake the immortal Gods in Heaven with the thunderous strokes of his adamantine sledge-hammer, forging ma terials for the building of the monument of his own greatness, upon whose eagle-ct'owrted summit angels in Heaven will Rx>k down with admiration ! Mr. Topper is the author of Proverbial Philosophy, and other works of not much greater importance. This is not new wine in old bottles, but old wine in new bot tles. which is greatly tinctured with the lees of the old fermentation. He has written many very pretty sonnets to America, and if he really believes what he says, he is to be commended—if not, he is greatly to be pitied. Ido not know but one native-born Eng lishman who is a real friend to America, and that man is Walter Savage Landor. W illis bus written quite a long article about Mr. Tupper, in the Home Journal ; but there is not a par ticle of reality in any thing lie says—he being nothing more nor less than a bundle of anitices. He speaks of Tupper just as he did of the Countess of Blessing ton’s ankles. He can tell you more about nothing than any man that ever lived. His points all centre in one point. His whole system of geometry is rudimental. He resolves all his straight lines first into particular points, then reduces these down into one point. Ilia logic of the circle he resolves in the same way. I wrote you some time ago about the “ Rappings. ” They are noises made at several places, in the New England States, by w hat a certain set of folks call “ Spiritual Agents. ” Whole books have been writ ten in support of this hypothesis. This infernal doc trine is taught daily in the Tribune. If you object to it, the next day an answer will appear, couched in the most seductive language, admitting that it does really appear strange, in which the writer will insult your common sense by asking you just as-impertinent a question as the one first started—thus keeping the public mind in a continued state cf excitement. This is the business of the Tribune. Could not these rough-fisted and weak-minded Editors be better em ployed in tilling the soil pro bono publico ? If you write an answer to them upon this foolish stulT they will admit all you say to be true, but at the same time, raise another question which will call forth from you, in the next day's Tribune, precisely the same useless results. This is the principal occupation of the whole Tribune clique. Mcjor Noah, the Editor of The Sunday Times, is dead. He was one of the best critics in America, and has written several valuable works. He was a Jew by birth, and a fine Biblical scholar. His pilgrimage is now done upod the earth, and his spirit is gone to join the ransomed of the world in singing “ hymns devout and holy psalms’’ in the habitations of the blest. You have probably learned, by this time, that there are nearly five hundred thousand inhabitants in this city. Well, what do you suppose is the daily occupa tion of all these people ? I will tell you, cheating each other. The greatest rascal is the richest man. He who has the most cunning, has the most money.— Christ knew that rascality and making money went hand in hand; that is the reason why he told the Jews they “ could not serve God and Mammon. ” This entire city, with a few exceptions, is made up out, of the veriest slaves—men who have toiled ten thousand times harder than Sysiphusever did in rolling his ponderous stone up the hills of Hell, to cheat their fellow men out of all they have—slaves who have served the Devil more faithfully than a serf ever did his Russian Autocrat; and all for that which not oDly de bases the soul, but leads it away from God, and the in heritance of that joy in Heaven “ which is uudefiled, and that fadeth not away. ” Thus do the people here swap away life for death, and immortality in Heaven for the smoke and ashes of the Devil in Hell! True religion is not here. It is not to be found in this metropolis. There is no such thing as pure friend ship in any of these “ diggings. ” If a man appears to be friendly with another here, it is because he ex pects him to be useful in some way to his interest. If a ri<*h man is friendly to another, it is because he is rich —for let him become poor, and he is no longer a friend to him. If you happen to meet with a man who possesses a particle of virtue, set him down as one who docs not belong to this city—or, if he docs, he is either a Poet or a Theologian. Such people as these cannot believe in Christ, for they do not live his life—which they must do in order to inherit the Kingdom of Heaven. I went to Niblo’s Garden the other night, by the in vitation of a friend from Baltimore, to see the sisters Ilouset in the Ballet of La Gisselle. That Mr. Niblo ever had an idea that any respectable people would like to see young ladies put themselves in such unnatural and disgusting positions, is truly a wonder. How any females could be paid to put themselves in such ob scene postures, is a greater mystery still. But this is what the people like here. They do not want any thing decent —for their exclamations of delight were pre cisely in proportion to the disgusting character of the performance. One fellow, who sat near me, made his hands one entire blister clapping them with delight. What do you think of a man whose pleasures are of this sort? Why, a mother could not take her young daughters to a worse Hell than into just such a place at this! I went there once, but will never go therp again to see the Rousetts dance. Ido not deny that their evolutions were wonderfull, for it is truly wonder ful that any woman should be able to dance on her toes, and spin around like a top. But the woman who could do this, is capable of better things. Why throw away one’s time in “ playing such fantastic tricks before high Heaven as make the angel's w-eep ?” This is my first sermon cn the morals of this city; but it shtt'l not be my last. I intend to tear the ob noxious and flaunting robes of scarlet from the taper ing shoulders of this beautiful Lady of Babylon, and present her to the world naked in infamy, God giving me grace to withstand her w'qy temptations. Some times she smells as sweet as if site had just returned from wallowing on a bed of spices. Bat it is the per fume which Eve took with her ont of Paradise after the fall—it is fragrant, but redolent with the memory of t lost world! NO. 9. April 7th, 1851. Dear Doctor: —l have long contemplated saying something to you about the Daguerrian Art in this eity. It is estimated that there are about twenty thou sand Daguerrian Artists in America; and I believe it is prettv near the fact, from the number who operate in this city. There are a great many, as in every other profession, who pretend to be proficients in the Art, but very few who can be called real Artists. Among the few of whom I have just spoken, may be men tioned Gurney and Whitehurst. Whitehurst is a Vir ginian, and has the finest Gallery in the Union. He is a real Ixird student, an indefatigable worker, and as pires to excel in his profession. Whitehurst has one Picture which may be called first rate , as the yenkers say. It is a lady in a demi-nude state —just that kind of a state which is the most provoking (not to say teazing,) of any other, and the tone of the Pieture is really excellent. There is bo other in the Gallery to be compared with it. The faot is, there are very few fine Pictures in the world. The lady was solioited to sit, and, in order to give the wprld the benefit of as many of her beauties as it was prudent for her to ex pose, she left her arms and bosom bare Wbat a pity ■ V s that 7Yl>*d. :-rct ccwldtv,* have four! a more >*’- tiful woman. But aa it is impoasible for one man to do all that he wishes, not being able to get hold of a Cat bird, he chose to put up with a Woodpecker. It- ia astonishing to what extremities women will go in this city. Mr. Whitehurst has r probably, a greater number of great men in his Gallery than any other in the Union. But not oue of them irto be oompared with the lady of whom I have just spoken. They are all inferior to it in what the Italian Artists call chiaro oscuro. Mo6t of the Pictures takeii in this city have their shades too dark for their lights. Root has a fine profile Pioture of Edwin Forrest. But were 1 going to have my portrait taken, I would have it done by either Whitehurst or Gurney. Mr. Whitehurst’s Agent is not only gentle manly in his manners, but he is a person of considerable reading. No person could spend his time more profit ably than by visiting this most magnificent Gallery, lie will there see perfect likenesses of great men and beautiful women. He is destined, at no distant day, to bid defiance to any rival in his Art. I find that all the engravings for the Dramatic Jour/ nal are to bo taken from Daguerreotypes by Mr. Bain, of Islington. Most of the Engravers in this city dislike to engrave from a Daguerreotype likeness, because, in my opinion, they require not only greater precision in transferring them to the plate, but more work to execute them after they are transferred. Sarony pretends that he e;*mot engrave so well from any other Artist as from Haas. — But this is all an understood thing between them. Gurney has some beautiful Pictures in his Gallery. He can, no doubt, show a finer specimen of large Pic tures than any other man in the city. He showed me one Picture of a lady which was beautiful—that is, in the execution, for the lady from whom it was taken, was any thing but beautiful. Is it not astonishing that ugly people have their por traits taken ? It appears to me, from what I have seen in the Galleries, that the ugliest people in the world are the very first to patronize the Art. You may look over a thousand Pictures, and you will not find more than one or two of handsome women. Is it not a fact to be lamented that there are more ugly people in the world than handsome ones? — Now, what is the cause of this ? Did you ever think of it ? I will tell you. Jt is owing to a de ficiency in the knowledge of Physical Education. I verily believe that the ugliest people who now inhabit the face of the earth may be found here in New York. They are not merely the descendants of one race of ugly forefathers, but many—God knows how many— and these many, it appears to me, to have been of every race that ever was born upon the face of the earth! So that when you see one ugly woman, you may swear that she has blood in her of every ugly nation that ever came to this country. There are some portraits in this city so ugly that it appears to me a wonder why the lens did not break all into flinders in taking them. It was at Holmes’ Gallery, I believe, that I saw the portrait of an old fellow who seemed to be laboring un der delirium tremens, whose ugliness did not only “ stick out ” at eveiy angle of his body, but had run down into the ends of his hngers. But this was not the case with the Greeks. They were a handsome people. The Greek women were models of beauty. The rea son of this is, because they were educated physically. They knew, very well, that there is an intimate relation subsisting between the soul and the body—so much so, that the one Independent upon the other. This was not a mere mental assumption on their part, but an acted jaith. They lived this belief out in their daily lives —which every nation must do, if they would emu late th cn/’ They raised their children under this principle ; they kept beautiful statues, such as Apollo and Hyacinthus, in their sleeping apartments, that the mother, in con ception, might form her child after them. The Jews had this idea before them. This was all caused by a correct conception of the means by w-hich not only physical but intellectual beauty might be perfected. It was at their Gymnasia that they developed their physi cal perfection. Tiiis physical education developed the intellectual. This intellectual perfection gave birth to their glorious models of Architecture, and their sub lime conceptions of Art. In short, it was their physi cal and intellectual education —those very tilings which are the most neglected in the United States— which made them the greatest people, in every thing , that ever existed upon the face of the earth. How can America become th eguiding star of every other nation unless she pursues the same course ? I will conclude this hastily written letter by quoting an extract from a speech delivered by Daniel Webster at the New England Celebration of the Landing of the Pilgrim Fathers at Plymouth. Ido it because I con sider it the best thing that he ever did. Here it is; Gentlemen, we are now two hundred and thirty years from that great event. There is the May Flower, (pointing tt/a small figure of a ship, in the form of con fectionary, that stood before him.) There is a little re semblance, but a correct one, of the Mayflower. Sons of New England! there was, in ancient times, a ship that carried Jason to the acquisition of the Golden Fleece. There was a flag ship at the battle of Actium which made Augustus Caesar master of the world. In modern times, there have been flag ships which have carried Hawkins, and Howe, and Nelson on the other Continent, and which have carriud Hull, and Decatur and Stewart on this, to triumph. What are they all— what are they all, in the chance of remembrance among men, to that little bark—the Mayflower— which reached these shores 1 Yes, brethren of New England—Yes! That May flower was a (Tower of perpetual bloom 1 (Cheers. Its verdure stands the melting blasts of sum mer, the chilling winds of autumn. It will defy win ter —it will defy all climate and all time, and will con tinue to spread its petals to the world and exhale an ever living odor and fragrance, to the latest syllable of re corded time. ” (Cheers.) This is what I call pretty good , because it is what . we delight to hear. May his shadow never be less 1 The fact is, he is the “ noblest Roman of them all not greater than Calhoun was—not so great—but the greatest of the time-honored heroes of the North. T. H. C. Letter from Philadelphia. Philadelphia, April 12, 1851. m * * * Jenny Lind will sing in Baltimore, and this city the last of this menth, on her way to New York. The announcement causes as much excitement as dl l that of her first arrival here. I wish you eould attend either here or in New York. Come—l will reserve tickets of the first class for the ‘‘Georgia Citi zen.” If Barnum is not tired of making money, sand 1 suppose in that line he’ll “ never tire, ”) lie is wearied with journeying, and will be glad to “ sliew ” himself in New York again. This city is full of strangers, business lively, and amusements rich, and much fre quented. Mr. Spencer, whose fame as a Lecturer, experi menter in Mesmerism; Biology, Magic; Mystery, <fcc., is all over the land, has filled the Chinese Museum of late, and astonished, as well as delighted, the people. He is wonderful in his profession—makes men mere au tomatons. Don't fail to witness the experiments, if you ever happen to be where he is doing it in his line. The Hon. Daniel Webster and lady have been at the Columbia House, in this city a few days. lie was quite ill, but has recovered in part, and gone to feast on cod fish and chowder at Marshfield. If yourself or friends (or any travellers) corne this way, let me say, put up at the Columbia House, Chestnut, near 7th street. It is the best house in the city. The Messrs. Fergnsons, assisted by. Mr. Slay maker, have conducted it so as to gain for it the highest reputation. The rooms are large, the tables richly laden, the servants attentive, and perfect neatness and order observed. It will suit a Georgia gentleman nicely. Gov. Johnson is fearful he will not be re-elected.— The Democratic party will do the State a service by making him retire. The weather here is warm and comfortable. Spring has come. Yours truly, * Extract of a Letter to the Editor dated Marietta, Ga., April 9. 1 have examined the first No. of volume 2d of the Citizen, and am happy to say that it has a flattering ap pearance, being on the “ wing of improvement“ on ward and upward, ” still spirited, edifying and hnmor ona, and indignant withal against the vile movements of those who would fain destroy our glorious Govern ment, h th* defrnse cf whkh it has so long been a powerful advocate. Long may the “ Citiaen, ” the terror of evil doers, continue to exert its salutary influ ence, checking’ the morbid feeling of hatred’ to our happy Government, reproving immorality, and aiding ia the amelioration of mankind. Yours, respectfully,. B. For the Georgia Citizen. Interests of Mechanics. Dear Sir: —Seeing in your prospectus that the ‘Georgia Citizen’ will be the advocate of the interest of white mechanics, we avail ourselVej of such a favor and duly reciprocate it. The time has arrived, when the white citizen me chanics must, and it is hoped will, do battle for them themselves, their posterity and their interests, and with the aid of intelligent liberal and healthy public opinion, they must and will sueceed-. They do not war upon the rights of ©there f they only desire that theirs bo not invaded but protected, and because they have raised their voice in favor of it, the long continued conflict of Capital against Labor is reviving its energies and arraying its force with more than ordinary rapidity. Capital is not satisfied in own ing and monopolizing all the best lands and their pro ductions, but it now aims at depriving tho white me chanic of all means to protect or advance their inter ests and the improvement of the ArtJ and Sciences, and also, to destroy all their prospects of supporting themselves and families with the actual necessaries aud decencies of life, without scarcely the time or means left them for mental improvement after years of toil have been spent at their trade. Worse than this seems to threaten them. It is to reduce them to tho base servile and degraded slate of body and mind and means of living, with the Negro Slave, and entail on their children after them, by placing all the occupations of white mechanics in the hands of the slave who is but capital in the hands of his owner ; thus injuring white mechanics without any oHigatiou, consideration or bene fit to them. “ Money is not power, nor is might right ” as Capit alist or its devotees would have it. Money is but an aux iliary and convenience to labor. Labor is the only true and substantial capital, for money without labor will produce nothing, but labor without money will pro duce all the commodities of life. The followers of professions spends two or three years in learning their occupations; they are protected from the encroachment or competition of the slaves; their pursuits are capital, and those who sueceed re ceive a very fair compensation for their labor. The mechanic serves from four to seven years in learning liis trade, and he is not protected from any sueh encroachments, and why? Does it require less mind, less bodily or mental labor. Is there not as much to be learned ? Is it less honorable, less honest, less useful, less productive, or less in capital, in time or mind ? Mechanism is the foundation of all Arts and Sciences, and a good mechanical mind can master any science. The capitalist or slave owner will say to the farmer who has none, but who holds the plough himself, the mechanics cares not for your interest or how many ne groes come in competition wth your labor. To this we answer, that the slave owner who takes one negro from his farm and makes a mechanic of him, is enabled to buy two in his place sooner than he could buy one by bis labor on the farm. Again, when the negro forces the white mechanic from his trade, he must till the soil to live, thus you have three or more in competition with you instead of one—and destroy a market for your meat and grain.— Again, when the negro frees the white mechanic from his occupation, his meat and bread is gone, but if she negro tills the earth, he does not deprive the far mer of bis bread and meat, for the earth yields as abun dantly as before; and instead of his master using him to injure and oppress others he is made to fill the place alloted to him—to increase the products of the earth, by the directions of the white man’s mind, and to bene fit the white race, with happiness comfort and plenty; and surely there is notkuown a people svho wept, com plained or cursed, because the country was blessed with a bountiful crop of the staff of life. Then, farmers, who are not indentified with men who value you and your labor as no better than that of their slaves, but who are identified with the interest, prosperity and happiness of the white race, you see the injuries resulting to you and the white mechanics, by the negro slave forcing him out of his employment. It is only to mako the rich more powerful that he may oppress the poor the stronger. Thus the white mechanics and their families are injured, oppressed and degraded, and the negro is ele vated above what his situation is and ought to be. By his being employed in the mechanical arts, his mind is necessarily forced into action and a train of thought and comparison; it gradually strengthens and improves, and although it may never become as perfect as it would by book learning, yet it is improved to such an extent, that he can form and communicate correct ideas not less dangerous than if he were aided by books, pen, ink, and paper. Why then should it not be crim nal to communicate to the negro information of such a kind, by any means? All this is done without the least care or intention of the owner. It is not his object to elevate or improve the situation of the negro in body or mind—but to increase his capital, he cares not at whose loss or injury. But the owner of negro mechanics will say, that he has the right to employ his negro at what he pleases. The capitalist would say the same of his money and interest. Neither of these propositions is true, for no one has a right to injure or oppress others. The ne gro is but dollars and cents in the hands of his master; merely changed into that peculiar kind of property, be ceausehe thinks it will yield him a greater profit and more ease. But let him change his negro into dollars and cents again, and tho law then says to him, you shall not oppress the borrower nor take advantage of his situation, in taking usury. Why then is it, that the capitalist is prohibited from taking usury and injur ing and distressing the borrower ? And on the other hand, we say to the mechanics. You see, by taking the negro slave to make a mechanic of him, what curs es and burning coals you heap upon your own heads, on your wives and children and fellow laborers. For after you have taken him for one or two years at his real worth in hire, you have either to pay his master or owner treble what his labor is worth, or at least pay from 30 to 50 per cent dear profit on the capital in vested, when you do not make so mueh yourselves, or be forced out of employment. He thus forces you to take the negro at his prices, and you then force some white mechanic out, or if you do not take the negro, his owner hires him by the day for a less price, and forces you to take the same or starve—ami in time the owner of the negro mechanic reduce** yon and your family to the hovel, the blanket, and scarcely the neces saries of life without the decencies, for these the negro mechanic obtains for himself, by working until after midnight; and when you come to settle your accounts with those on earth, you leave your helpless children in misery, degraded and ignorance. Then we say to the laboring white man of all class es. You are equally and deeply interested in this re form. It lies with you to make honest labor honora ble and profitable, instead of being degraded. You ac cumulate health, prosperity and happiness to yourselves and others. You encourage honest industry, the ad vancement of intelligence, and the diffusion of the Arts and Sciences, of all kinds. You keep out excess of competition; you encourage the advancement of your own noble race ; you establish a ready market for the produce of your labor and receive therefor a fair compensation, instead of enriching the few rich ones to oppress the many. We are sure that all good men desire to see all prosper and be happy, “to live and let live,” and that there is scarcely one amongst you, who would not rather see all things plentiful and within the reach of honest industry, and to behold on evtery cheek the rose of health and the smile of happiness on eve ry face, than to see meat and bread scarce and of such high price, that many could not obtain it but starve and all to accumulate a few dollars. Think for your, selves. Be not led away by the deceitful protestations of men who feel not and labor not like you. Be as careful of his sycophant who lives upon his spittle at the door steps. It is with you, who value and appreciate honest labor to protect yourselves, and to stop the evil. You need not look for sympathy, elsewhere. There are many of your class who arc trying to travel up the thorny path to fame, (which has been almost monn lized by capital,) whose feelings are with you and will aid yon when they can. Capital has always warred against fr.kcr, when tabor is the crJy reel her**** end natural capital, and the only thing entitled to reward. There are none who fear the individual labor of the capitalist without his capital. Then look for a reme dy to the evil. It is within your reaeh. Let one and all put their shoulders to the wheel, and altogether—do not leave it until you have done the work. Let not one white mechanic, employ, work with or instruct a negro in any branch of trade. ‘Self preservation ia the first law of nature.’ It is your right, you-are entitled to the protection and respect of all good men. Pro tect that right for yourselves and others. Assert it, and stand up to it, fearlessly. You will be sustained and supported in doing so, by your follow laborers, by an enlightened and healthy public opinion,aud by men who desire ‘to live and let live/ ‘Be just and fear not.’ ‘Truth is mighty and will prevail.’ , Your obedient Servant, JUSTICE. April , 1851. The Fugitive Slave Case. PROCEEDINGS OF TUESDAY AND WEDNESDAY. Boston, April 8,3, P. M.—ln the Supreme Court, to-day, Mr. Rantoul made another application for a writ of habeas corpus in the case of Sims. Chief Justice Shaw stated that he would give his decision this afternoon. The argument before the Commissioner is being closed on the part of the defence by Mr. Loring. Mr. Thomas will close for the prosecution, and then the Commissioner will give his decision. The Aboli tionists are determined to institute a prosecution against Sims for stabbing the officer who arrested him, and will eudeavor, on that ground to hold him for trial. Randolph, the negro who assaulted Mr. DeLyon, has been held to bail in S4OO to answer the charge. A large meeting in opposition to the Fugitive Slave Law, was held this morning in the Tremout Temple, at 10 o’clock—a largo number of ladies being present. All grades of Free Soilers were in attendance, from Samuel Hoar down to Lloyd Garrison. The large majority of those present were opposed to any violent opposition to the law. Hon. Mtj. PaU’jey temporarily occupied the chair, and after a prayer by the Rev. Wm. Dexter, a committee was ap|)ointed to select officers, who reported for President, Flou. Horace Mann, with a number of Vice Presidents, among whom were Sen ators Graves, Bigelow, and Robinson, the Rev. Mr. Stetson, Samuel lloar, Theodore Sedgwick, and oth ers. Abby Folsom attempted to speak, but was put down. Mr. Maun then addressed the assemblage in opposition to the law, and in terms of severe denuncia tion of Mr. Webster’s course. It is supposed that an attempt to rescue the slave, should he be sent back, will be made at some point between here and New York. Three companies of Military are still kept under arms. The sympathisers held meetings in Concord, Mass., Medford and Waltham, yesterday, and passed resolu tions offering their assistance to appease the action of thefugit ve slave law in the case of Sims. Boston, April 9. —Mr. Curtis, the United States commissioner, has deferred his decision in the fugitive slave case until Friday next. The case of the negro Sims begins to assume a more serious aspect, and a direct collision between the Gen eral and State Governments appears to be threatened. In the Massachusetts Senate to-day an order was pas sed, by a vote ol 25 to 7, appointing a committee to in quire ‘whether the freedom of auy inhabitant of this Commonwealth is in danger through the remissness of any officer thereof ?—or if any law for the security of personal freedom had been violated by any offioer of ci ty or State ?’ This movement is in consequence of the refusal of the sheriff to serve the writ of replevin upon the Mar shal, and also his refusal to serve a criminal warrant upon Sims for assaulting th© officer who arrested him— both of which were designed as pleas to get Sims out of the hands of the United States authorities. The committee is now in session. The Governor has also directed the Attorney Gen eral to consult with the Sheriff relative to serving the writ of replevin upon the Marshal. Immense placards are posted about, calling on the citizens, and all opponents to slavery, to assemble at the State House on Friday, and witness the State's disgrace iu the delivering up of Sims. Boston, April 11, 1851.—The United States Com missioner has Fugitive Slave Law, and has remanded the Hims to *,>• dVner.'. The making/ efforts to Retain Sims on a State \Varr;‘ ot * / assaulting officer Buttman.— They also got f hd ,r ' t &*6ea Corpus, but the Court decided tlw against them. This afternoon the Sberifl’ of Boston testified before the Senate Committee, that the U. S. Marshal had re fused to allow him to serve a criminal process on Sims. The Mayor has called out the Military. City quiet. Boston, Bpril 11,6 P. M.—The Fugitive Slave Case is decided. Judge Woodbury confirmed tho decis ion of the U. S. Commissioner, remanding Sims to his owner. Two thousand of the most respectablo citizens of Boston have volunteered their aid to assist the police to keep the peace. The military of the city are also in rcadinass for any emergency. Rescue is now impossi ble. The abolitionists are cowed. Boston, April 12, 10 A M. —The Fugitive Slave Sims, in custody of the agents vs the owner, Bailed from Boston to-day for Savannah ! From the Plains. The Fort Smith (Ark’) Herald of the 21st of March publishes the following important intelligence of move ments among the Indians on tho Plains. The informa tion, being derived from an officer of the United States Army, is probably authentic. Its value, however, would be enhanced if dates were given, so that we could compare it with our previous advices from the same regiou ; “We learn from Lieut. Myers, sth infantry, just in from Fort Arbnckle, that the traders from the Prairies bring the report of the death of Wild Cat and two of his companions, Chickasaws. It is reported that they were killed by the Camanches. ‘The Wichetaws, Kechies, and Osages, have banded together for the purpose of exterminating the Tonka ways, who are cannibals, and Tory much dreaded by all of the other tribes. ‘Lieut. M. informs us that Bill Conner, a Delaware trader, brings the news in that there are congregated pretty high upon Red river about twenty thousand Ca manches. They informed him, Conner, that it was their intention to exterminate the Pawnee Mohaws; but Connor thinks it is their intention to make a des cent upon the frontiers of Texas. This is correct, no doubt, and it would be well for aur neighbors in Tex as to be on the look out.’ The French Cotton Trade. —The Journal des De bats of Paris contains a communication from M. Jean Dollfus,a large cotton manufacturer in which lie asserts that protective duties cause the cotton manufacturers in Franco to remain stationary. He says; “In England that branch of business absorbed in 1730, 269,000,000 lbs. of raw cotton; at present it re quires 600,000,000 lbs. We, on the contrary, during the last ten years, have remained stationary. W hose fault is this ?—M. Jean Dollfus affirms that our custom regulations are the cause, by the embarrassments which they create. With more liberty, France might double the mass of cotton tissues which she exports, and even go beyond that. It is very strange that a system which produces such results should be called a protection of labor, for it does not favor public prosperity, aud does not increase our manufacturers. A duty on cotton twist of per cent, would leave, says M. Dollfus, a margin of 10 per cent, to our steam-spinning manufacto ries, and a still larger amount to those moved by wa ter.” The Fugitive Law.— . Judge Nelson, on the open ing of the Uni*ed States Circuit Court in New York on Monday, made a truly constitutional charge to the ju ry; “In regard to the fugitive slave law, he said that no lawyer eould entertain a doubt of its constitutionality, and that it is binding on the North aa well as on the South. He explained the whole theory of our Govern ment, and said that no one section of the Union can obey the part of the Federal compact which it is its in terest to respect, and reject the other part. It must be obeyed and respected as a whole, or not at aH.” p/T Competitors for the premium of SSO for tho best Tale, will please remember that tho 15th of May is the fa*t day of grace for competitors to bring h their favors. THE GEORGIA CITIZEN. I L. F. W. ANDREWS, EDITOR. MACON, GA. APRIL 19, 1851. One Week Later from Liverpool! (By Telegraph.) Baltimore, 18th inst., 10-25 A. M. Received, Macon, 18th, 10-40. The steamer America has arrived. Current quali ties Cotton have declined one-eighth. Sales of the week, 31,000 bales. Agencies for the Citizen. W. G. Andrews is authorized to receive subscrip tions and money for the Georgia Citizen in Columbus and vicinity. Persons there who have determined to stop their subscriptions, will please not delay doing so, until they get more than a dozen over what they have paid for! F. W. Coker is our Agent for Sumter and adjacent counties. Charles A Hall, No. 102 Bryan street, (up stairs) Savannah, will act as our Agent in that city. He is authorized to coutract for advertising for the “Citizen,” receive subscriptions and transact any business for this office. Persons by whom this number will be received, will please notify Mr. Hall, should they decline to take the paper. Onr Correspondents.- -Our letter writers are j beginning to ‘wake up Snakes’ in their respective dig gins.’’ Two from Columbus, one from Savannah, one from Atlanta, and several semi-occasional correspon dents have given us the note of preparation. Look for something rich, racy and peculiar, next week. A bundle of manuscripts left on our window will be examined shortly, to sec of what material the fabric is composed. Mr. Lambdin —Those desirous of availing them selves of the superior abilities of Mr. J. R. Lambdin, as an artist, must needs make application this day, as he intends leaving the city soon, unless detained by pro fessional business. It is seldom, indeed, that our weal thy citizens have an opportunity of so favorable a char acter to embellish their homes with life-like represen tations of children and friends, and they stand in their own light, if they do not improve the occasion now pre sented. They may in vain search through our North ern cities for a more accomplished and finished artist than Mr. L. Mr. Lochranc’s Address.— On our last page will be found an extract from the Address delivered by Mr. Lochrane t 6 a delighted audience on St. Patrick’s Day, in this city, which has just been issued in Pamph let form from the Citizen Press. It will richly repay attentive perusal and serve to whet the appetite for an other extract from the same eloquent production, which we design to present, next w’cek, wherein the orator pays a glowing tribute to his adopted country, our own loved laud. Orerlooked. —Joe Dawson’s Eating House and Refreshment Rooms in Drayton street, Savannah, com bines unusual attractions for those of epicurean tastes, who like pure liquids to wash down the solids through a narrow and dry susophagus! The house is near to that of the widow lady who keeps the best boarding house in that burg. Such is the rumor which can bo verified or contradicted by a trial. Western and Atlantic Railroad. The following table of Revenue from the State Road is given in the last “ Federal Un.on, ” as a “eompara iive statement of the condition of this road, for six months of the present year, as compared with the first six months es the past Railroad year, showing a bal ance in favor of the current year of a fraction over 60 per cent. ” We use the “ Union's ’’ own words and figures, without pretending to understand how he makes a statement of revenue for the months of Oc tober and December, 1851, which have not yet been reached! fcEl 1851. October, $12,428 82 $20,899 40 November, 10,832 62 18,218 55 December, 14,147 31 23,146 03 January, 13,572 01 23,261 25 February, 14,370 07 23,220 93 March, * 23,293 58 34,480 07 $88,654 41 $143,226 23 The Federal Union thus makes a difference in favor of the past six months of $54,571 82, and glorifies Gov. Towns and the Chief Engineer, accordingly. We venture to say, that there is wilful and gross deception in this statement; but admitting its truth, what has been the wear and tear on the Road, the amount of expenditures for worthless Cars, the amount of dama ges to the shipping interests, who in vain have sought a speedy transit over the Road for their perishable pro duce collected at Chattanooga and elsewhere? None of these things seem to have been taken into the ac count, at all. But when all the facts are made public, and it is shewn that, notwithstanding the Road has been wretchedly mismanaged, yet that a clamorous people have forced an amount of transportation equal to 60 per cent increase on the same number of months last year, how immensely great will appear the loss sus tained by the State in not being ready to do all the business that has presented itself in that channel? In other words, if the State Road, badly managed, can and does increase its semi-annual nett revenues 60 per cent, what would be the increase, were the Road in effi cient hands and conducted by Civil Engineers instead of political lawyers ? State Agricultural Fair. After our edition of last week's paper had been par tially worked off, on Friday evening, the 11th, the City Council took the following action on the subject of the next Exhibition of the State Agricultural Fair: “ On motion of Aid. Levy, the following Preamble and Resolutions were adopted : Whereas the Committee of the State Agricultural Society will meet shortly, and as the locality of their Exhibition or Fair, will be decided at that time, it be hooves the citizens of Macon to take some step in a matter of so much importance to her. The advan tages that the city of Macon has, her contral position, facility of access, &c., cannot well bo overlooked, if presented to the Cormnittee in proper form. Therefore , be it Resolved, by the City Council of Macon, that a Committee of three Aldermen and three citizens be appointed by the Mayor, to solicit subscrip tions from the citizens for the purpose of erecting buildings, <fcc., that the Mayor be authorized to repre sent the city at the meeting of the Agricultural Com mittee at Atlanta, provided that the subscription is con sidered sufficient inducement in his judgment to war rant his attendance Aldermen —Levy, Holt and Gove. Citizens —St. Lanier, George W. Fish and I.- C. Plant. Since then, the Committee appointed to solicit sub scriptions have raised over $3,000 as a Bonus to the Society, to bring the Fair to this place in Novem ber uext, that being deemed the most suitable time for the exhibition here. If necessary, the sum can be in creased and other facilities extended. We hope there fore, that the Agricultural Committee will give due consideration to the request Macon will, this day, make upon them, and that we shall have the pleasure, in our next issue to announce that our offer has been accept ed. The interest of Central, Western and South Wes tern Georgia will certainly be better subserved by the Fair being held here, than in any other place in the State. Let the Committee give os atrial, at least, and if we don’t do ample justice to the subject, we shall not complain, if they pass ua by, hereafter, altogether. New Mexico. —Col James S. Calhoun was in augurated Governor of New Mexico, at Santa Fe, on the 3d ult. The New Mexican announces the follow ing appointments; ‘John O. Jones, to be Sheriff of the county of Santa Fe; Louis D. Sheets, to be Prefect and Probate Judge of Santa Fe county ;D.V. YY bi ting, to be Interpreter and Translator for the Govern ment. Ladies’ Keepsake.— We have received sev eral numbers of a very chaste and neat monthly of this title, from the press of John S Taylor, New York, and edited by Asahel Abbott, a well known and excel lent writer of that city. The price is only $1 per an num for the work, which is handsomely illuminated, each No. containing 32 pages of Letter Press Funeral of CalhOUß —The Grand Artistic*] Exhibition of the funeral of John C. Calhoun and the imposing pageantry of the reoeption of the illustrious Statesman’s remains at Charleston, has arrived at Sa vannah for representation. We hope the proprietor will be induced to come to Macon with the Painting. Hat and Cap Trade. — The value of this trade in New York alone is estimated at $10,000,000, an nually, six thousand men and perhaps more women being engaged in the manufacture. W’hy cannot such an establishment as a Hat and Cap Manufactory be started, successfully, in Macon ? YVe know of no rea son, why an enterprize of this sort could not be sus tained, if undertaken by a man of energy. The em ployment thereby given to needle-women, as trim mers, would not be the least of its advantanges. Abused Privilege. —Some of onr public men i are great scamps ! Senator Borland, of Arkansas (says the Louisville Courier) has franked one and a half ton of mail matter, —bound books, &c., to him self in the space of three weeks! Senator Turney of Tennessee has done likewise. All this, too, when the freight on that amount of tonage, by the Western riv er Boats, wonld have been but a trifle to these Sena tors ! English Criminals.— We see it stated that the English authorities have been in the practice of send ing their convicted Felons to the United States. One Wseman confessed the fact to Justice M'Grath, and the Day Book says that the New York prisons are crowded with these foreign Criminals! The villanous imposition should at once be stopped by our govern ment. Robbery and Murder.— The Paulding (Miss.) Clarion gives the following facts. Recently a planter of Green county (Miss.) went to Florida—seduced the wife of a respectable planter, and persuaded her to elope with him, carrying off a negro, gun, carriage, horse, etc. Three friends of the injured party followed him to his home and arrested him after a desperate resist ance. One of the captors alone sought to carry him back, but he was subsequently found murdered, and the seducer, a man named Hardy, has made his es cape. P. T. Barnnm. —This distinguished individual lately sent SSOO, per Telegraph, to the Dramatic Fund Association of New York, with a recommendation, to its members, of the practise of Temperance. This is denounced in the Day Book as a ‘gratuitous insult,’ although from that Journal’s description of the Dra matic Festival itself, the advice was very needful and reasonable. Insult , indeed! We would like to be insulted that way, often! The secret of the Day Book’s abuse of Barnum may be found in the fact that Barnum don’t advertise in that print! “ Hum hug Killer.”—a new paper of this ti tle, has just been started at Cincinnati. A ‘Humbug Advocate’ would be better patronized, were the name sugared over, sufficiently, to disguise its character. Dead. — George Schley, Esq., Post Master of Sa vannah, died on Thursday morning last. On the night previous Mr. James F. Wood committed suicide in that citv, in a fit of derangement, by cutting his throat with a razor. ® ‘l3 & 3)3 rxo 3 Floyd Ho use • —Mr. Dempsey, owner of the Floyd House property, is putting up a very neat Iron Railing Balcony in front of the Ladies’ Department of the Hotel, for the accomodation of the lady boarders (and visitors. It is quite an improvement as well as con venience. The same gentleman contemplates raising the Eastern wing of the Hotel, which runs the whole depth of the block, on the alley, so as to make a fine Concert Hall and Theatre, with raised seats irom the Stage to the Gallery. By the way, in speaking of this House, we must not omit to say a word in favor of its present management by Mr. Williams, aided by his gentlemanly assistant, Mr. Hartwell. This Hotel was never kept better than it is at present, which is proven by the fact, that the House is always full of boarders and strangers, the latter of whom having once received good treatment, generally find their way back. May Day Trip, —We have had an inkling that our volunteers are making arrangements to take an ex cursion to Savannah about the Ist of May ensuing, to pay their respects to the beaut ful incranations of hu manity, that float like sylphs through the umbrageous avenues of the seaboard city. Terpslchorean.— Monsieur Bossieux will give one grand Soiree to his numerous pupils on next Fri day, the 25th inst., at Concert Hall, as a farewell tribute, prior to his visit to the World’s Fair, Paris, and other places in Europe, whence he purposes to return in the fall. Mr. B. is a Professor, who, by his skill as an in structor and courtesy as a gentleman, has won “golden opinions” from all who have had the pleasure of his ac quaintance. Mademoiselle Parodi. —Our Cognoscenti and Dilletanti have had their fancies tickled, amazing ingly, by the singing of this lady, one night in this city, the present week. Nobody, however, went off into duck spasms on account thereof, that we have heard of, though some of our young gentlemen were disposed, in advance, to get their ascension robes ready for a flight to paradisial bowers. Her singing is said to be on the high falutin style of all operatic performances, splendidly executed, but too far off in the clouds for the ears of unsophisticated mortals! There is ‘more of the same sort’ to come, shortly, we calculate, as we see Madame Booh no, Madame Bishop is again in Georgia, enjoying the applauses of highminded Editors and virtuous ladies of the Commonwealth. “ Nous Verrons Dr, Bank’s Card- -’Tis a “ regular business transaction our publication of Dr. Bank’s Card, as an advertisement, in to-day’s paper; in doing which we wash our hands of any consequences that may arise therefrom, directly or indirectly. The like favor and to the the same extent, we will, on demand, extend to any other gentleman, but there the “ play of words ” must have finis for its epitaph, so far as we are con cerned. % East Maeon Hotel, —Travellers and others •. visiting Macon from the East, will be pleased to learn that Mr. S. M. Lanier, an experienced caterer for the public, has opened a “Rail Road House” opposite the Depot of the Central Rail Road, East Macon, where fine accommodations can be had, at the lowest rates of first class Hotels. See advertisement. ftOTfl Importation*— < sixteen Yankee girls from Lowell, Mass., passed through this city, a few days since, under the care of O. A. Blackimar, Esq., of Columbus, on their way to fill places in the Howard Cotton Facto ry of that oity ! They wore said, by a young gentle man of our acquaintance, to be oreditable specimens of sprightly and beautiful womanhood, and, we have no doubt, will make quite a sensation in Cottondom of our western neighbor, when landed “in good order and con dition,” as per bill of lading. Variety Works • —The Sash and Furniture establishment two doors below this office, has, we learn, been purchased by Mr. A. McGregor, who will contin ue the manufacture of Sash, Blinds, and every de scription of Furniture. Some pretty specimens of Walnut Bureaus have already been turned out from this factory, which do credit to the skill and taste of the workmen employed, Watches, Jewelry, &c,—Mews V ir<n Mlr * •tillable to supply Ladies and Gentlemen with ?"! articles in the Jewelry and fancy line. Also Pi ano ‘ C ® other musical instruments, Music, &o. Their ment is complete and varied. AgrlCßltartl ImplfmentS.--Measuresare b progress, to establish in this city, a manufactory of VB . rions Agricultural Implements and Apparatus on •eale eommensarate with the wants of Georgia and a jacent States. Thus, link by link of dependence *<* Northern ingenuity and enterprize is being broken, and our own true independence and greatness are looming up in magnificent proportions. Efforts for the Blind. -We are rejoiced that incipient measures have been taken in our city to establish an Institution for the blind in this State w trust that the Committee appointed to provide the mea rs of educating four blind youth, by Mr. Fortescne, 0I the meeting of the Legislature, will be eminently s UO _ eessful in their call upon the public liberality. The pro ceedings of a meeting on this subject will be found i a another column. More Improrements.— a wealthy and ec terprizing citizen of North Carolina has recently pur chased of the Fire & Marine Insurance Bank, the lot and warehouse on the river bank, below the Male Acade my, aud formerly occupied by Mr. Goddard, with the view of erecting thereon a Steam Cotton Factory. Th* same gentleman contemplates other purchases, for the purpose of erecting buildings for operatives. We wish success to all such enterprizes. Not so bad as Represented.— w e take plea sure in saying that the representation* of “ Observer ’ in last week’s paper, about that grave-yard scene, were rather stronger than the faots wonld justify. Thers was no “ bacchanalian revel ” or disturbance what ever. at the Cemetery Spring, on the occasion—al though some of “ Otard’s best” tea# moderately im bibed by a party of three or four young gentlemen who happened to meet there, one of whom had provided himself with a little of the “creetur” for his “stomach’s sake, ” and who politely tendered the cup to his friends. It was not a premeditated thing, as to plaee and time; and no thought of desecration, either of the place or the day, entered into the minds of those who participated in the refreshment. Such is the assurance we have from one of the young gentlemen implicated in the af fair. ‘I illliT.W nr 1 PI Latest from Effingham! BY PRIVATE EXPRESS. ONE DAY IN ADVANCE OF THE MAIL! By the most unprecedented energy of our Express rider, we have been put in possession of a copy of the Effingham Observer of the 7th inst., edited by Hugh Ranger, esq., the celebrated host of the 20 mile Poet, from which we hasten to cull the following most inter esting items of intelligence. £+T No other paper has the news, we having, as usual, distanced all our co temporaries : Item Ist. Squire H. the “victim of the insatia ble cruelty of the Rail Road Tyrant Richelieu,” passed down the road on the sth He was in the last stages of melancholy, whieh the “playful gambols and sportive tricks” of the “lovely and blooming Kate” could not dis pel. Item 2d. J3T An important discovery has just been published by Editor Ranger that he uses on his sumptuous board, pure Rio Coffee, grown on the rich est plantations of Cuba ! Ignorant people have here tofore supposed that Rio Coffee came from the Rio Janeiro country, in South America, but the editor tells a different story, and he ought to know i The same marvelous self-complacent gentleman also speaks ex travagantly of his “delicious shad” ‘‘ham and eggs Berkshire Beef,” “fried chicken” and “tender chicken” in contradistinction from the fried! “John Bull,” says he “would have broken his neck to have got his for k into one of those slices.” This how ever, is a typographical blunder. It was the fork that the passenger would have broken, had he tried to pen etrate that piece of Bull leather! Item 3d. Landlord’s SIOO Durham Cow “W hitey” was lately delivered of a fine calf, and mine host promises Y’aletedinarians an introduction to tbs old lady, when they can, (to be sure that there is no chalk in the lacteal fluidf help themselves from the udder fountain! So gracious a landlord is hard to be found elsewhere than in Effingham ! Item 4th. “ Abolition Emmissaries” have been prowling about the 20, persuading little negroes to go home with them and get candy. Mr. Ranger got bis suspicions first excited, by the extraordinary demand made at his Molasses Candy Confectionary and “Liquid Damnation’’ Store, that something was in the wind.— And so there was!—the effluvia of several little wooly heads soon confirmed his worst suspicions. P. S. From a private source, we learn that the 20 mile breakfast house has much improved, with in a few days past. Instead of “ham and eggs,’’ that very common dish—mine host throws into the frying pan a sprinkling of young chickabiddies of that tender sulphuretted hydrogen age which is antecedent to tho fledgling condition. Instead of specimen biscuit* for the “World’s hair,” he furnishes “corn dodgers” of exquisite richness and flavor, fried in possum fat. N. B. J3F"The Cherokee b’hoys, who went that far, on their way to Cuba, arrived a little too soon to participate in these improvements. They all partook of the “old school” biscuit , took a fit of dyspepsia and returned to Macon in spasmodic excitement of the*‘piz zarintum’’ pair of nerves. Comntwial. COTTON~ The receipts in the ports continue to increase, and confidence in existingpriees is somewhat shaken. Me quote average crops at 9 1-2 a 9 3-4 c.; strictly fair, 10c.; fully fair to choice, 10 l-4c. Comparative statement of the receipts of Cotton at the Ports , to latest dunes. 1851. 1850. New Orleans April 8 823,757 ,03,4*9 Mobile “ 5 386,621 299,341 Texas, “ 1 24,921 20,710 Florida, “ 7 136,484 148,044 Savannah, “ 10 254,030 276,811 Charleston, “ 10 304,537 294,109 N. Carolina, “ 1 11,245 7,845 Virginia, “ 1 14,086 7,330 1,955,681 1,759,659 Increase, 195,992 bales. Charleston, April 15 —The transactions yesterday reached fully 900 bales. The sales were at extemes ranging from 9 1-2 to 10 1-8. Savannah, April 17.—Our market opened heavy and in favor of buyers yesterday. The sales were/>sl bales. The sales were at extremes ranging from 91 -4 to 11c. COMMGN^SCHOOLS. The citizens of Bibb County, who are friendly totbe proposition for holding a Convention to take into con si deration the subject of Common Sehool Education in Georgia, are requested to attend a meeting at the Council Chamber in this oity, on next Saturday . t 1 26tA inst ., for the purpose of electing two Delegates to such Convention appointed to be held at Marietta, on the Bth of July next. OCT City papers please copy. ~ t _ MECHANICS’ SOCIETY. A regular meeting of this Association take* This Evening at the Library Room. importance will come ap for consideration, of w if .interested will please take duo notice.