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VOL- 2. jjtet” s ‘lsm®* For the Georgia Citizen. Rosalie Lee. BY T. H. CHIVERS, W. D. (i Anges ne sont plus pures que le cceur d’ uu eune homine qui aime en verite.” Madame Dude t tnt. On the banks of the yellow lilies, Where the cool wave wanders by, All bedemasked with Daffodillies, And the bee-beset Crowtie ; More mild than the Paphian Luna Toiler nude Nymphs on the sea, There dwelt with her milk white Una, My beautiful Rosalie Lee — My highborn Rosalie Lee — My childlike RoMßte Lee— M- beautiful, dutiful Rosalie Lee. Many mellow Cydonian packets, Sweet apples, anthosmial, divine, From the Rubv-rimmed Berylline buckets, Star-gemmed, lily-bhaped, hyaline— Like that sweet golden goblet found growing On the wild emerald Cucumber-tree— Rich, brilliant, like Crysoprnz blowing—. I then brought to my Rosalie Lee — To my lamb-like Rosalie Lee — To my dove-like Rosalie Lee— To iny beautilul, dutiful Rosalie Lee. Warbling her woodnotes wild, she wended Her way with the turtle doves, And the wood-nymphs weird that attended Her steps through the flowing groves. In the light of her eyes of azure, My soul seemed on earth to see All that Heaven could give me of pleasure, With my beautiful Rosalie Lee — With my lleaven-born Rosalie Lee — With my Christ-like Rosalie Leb — With my beautiful, dutiful Rosalie Lee. Rut my darling Ulpsyehe sighing Her soul out to give me delight, Went away with the Great Undying To the Courts of the Heavenly Light. Through an arc made in the azure Os God's azimuth, Heaven to see, Where dwell with Angels in pleasure— Went my beautiful Rosalie Lee— Went my fair-browed Rosalie Lee — Went my beautiful, dutiful Rosalie Lee. Through the Valley of Avalon lonely, By the light of the argentine Moon, From the presence that lived for her only On the banks of the rivers ot Rune— Through the Star-Islands studding the Ether, With the Angel that took her from me, Though my soul in its sorrow went with her— Soared my beautiful Rosalie Lee — Soared my Christ-like Rosalie Lee Soared my Gou-loved Rosalie Lee. Oak Grotty Ga. Jan. 20, 1845. For the Georgia Citizen. Lines to Mrs. JI. E. Stokes, BY MISS MARY E. RIOI’.DEN. ’Tisnot the love that interest knouts ; That I most highly prize Nor yet, is it, the tear, that flows, At will, from practiced eyes: But, ’tis the love that prompts the tear, For innocence that grieves; And brings the lit art of pity near, When worldly friendship leaves. My heart more fgndly turns to theo Mid changing scenes of day, And feels assured, you think of mo Though I am far away—- And should the world in envious peals, jDonspire to blast thy fame— There is one friend for thee still feels Unchangeably the same. When evening shades around me lower, And hushed is busy strife, And at the hour, when thoughts should soar ; Beyond this transient life ; How sweet, my friend, to think of thee ; And still to call thee mine, Tor there has been no change in me, Since days of Auid Lang Sene. Who is this friend the world may say That can life’s ill beguile ? ! Tis the who cheers you on your way, With a benignant smile, Not she who coldly turns aside, When aid k he should impart Or fails to soothe when griefs betide And droopk the stricken heart. There is a friendship, false indeed, Which changes on the morrow, FollowingwCero brightest prospects lead, But neveimnear, in sorrow ; While the bk* friendship, which I crave, If such cawhere be given— Is that whiclweaves, but, at the grave! To be renvved, in Heaven ! Dooly County , iScpt. 5, 184!). JfUikLdlyjJjp (For the Georgia Citizen. From the Portfolio of an Ex-Editor. FEODORA. Jh Opera in one Act: front the German of Kotzebue. FOUNDED UPON FACT. Dramatis Person*. Lmpbkor or Russia. Major Willicro rr — A rich land-holdefv^ Marie—His sister. Ivar Peterovitsch—Their uncle. X Fsodora. V. Tho Scunc is laid ia an aportment of the Major's yilU\sitntU *'*cn the road between .Moscow and St. Pctersbvrgh. [concluded.] SCENE V FEODORA THE MAJOR. Major. —Feodora, you weep ! beodora. —I sang a song, which I ofteu hoard, when •child. Old, simple songs are always touching. M*jor. lias my sister spoken to you ? beodora. (confusedly.) She was satisfied with my work. Major. Ido not refer to that. Has she spoken of me? Feodora. Os you 7 Major. To you. a eodora. O yes! That occurs daily. Your good f ”' f r s peaks freely of her beloved brother, and the gratefu] orphan listens gladly. Major. You avoid an answer: you will not under *hd me . beodora. I pray you, for God’s sako spare me! Major. Spare ! That an honorable man should t ac ® a * the purest of sentiments, this do yen cal! to Feodora. Do not be offended. Treat me as a pa tient, whom no one should surprise—even with that which is acceptable, until the physician permits it. Major. Where shall I find this physician ? Tell me, so that I may question him. Feodora. Ah I wait for him with the longing of a child ! Major. And when he comes ? Feodora. Then, I trust in God, that he will help me. Then my future will smile. Major. And mine? Feodora. Your happiness will be mv praver. Maj or. Maiden of enigmas ! Have I not deserv ed your confidence? Feodora. Can we always give it to the deserving? MAJOR. When shall thy sweet voice’s sound Over pass its secret bound ? FLODORa. ‘ , / When to me on solid grotind, Shall hope’s anchorage be found ? BOTH. - Misapprehended heart! Close thyself against thy will : Bleeding, and yet silent still; Nourishing thy smart. MAJOR. But when it through grief is breaking, God forgive thy power ! FEODORA. May my holy undertaking Nerve me in this hour! BOTH. When with virtue, love combines, Grand is its appearance *. And to gain sublime designs, Naught like perseverance. Marie, (opening the door.) Uncle has come. Major, (aside.) Ha! may he have proved suc sessful! SCENE VI. IVAN TETROVITSCH, FEODORA, THE MAJOR. Major, (meeting him.) Welcome dear uncle. Ivan Pelrovitsch. Here am I —here am I. I would have been as wise had I remained at home. Ilow are you, my dear nephew ? The infernal wooden bridges have broken all my bones to pieces. It served me right. What butiness had lat Moscow ? (He looks ashamed at Feodora.) How are you Feodora ? Feodora. (Bows respectfully.) I. P. (aside.) The hypocrite! Who would have suspected her ? May the devil take me, but she looks like an angel—like a saint, who has just rested in Abra ham’s bosom. Major. lam very anxious, dear “.nek, \o hear an account of your adventures. I. P. They are not many. From mountain to mountain I sped in my race, Over stock and stone at a rattling pace. Here dust in a cloud, and here sparks in a shower ; And here the clock-song from the old church tower. Here breaking of reins; then the axle-trees shiver ; And then a cold bath in the mud of the river. Here run the dogs, with their yelpin/** “ting me; Here men succeed in adroitly chr r^H S 8 °f Every where striving to meet* at 20,000, and let I J > :'g, or I run, or I trust to pathjr.OOßß, C HAP- J, Till finally, shattered in all my powers, My eyes see the city of golden towers. Major, (takes him aside.) Did you meet with tru ces of her in Moscow ? IP I believe so. Major. O tell me quickly ! I. P. Mine arc not agreeable news. The mask of innocence lias deceived us. Major. Impossible! I. P. When 1 see her so, it seems to mo impos sible. But Ino longer look upon her : —the deceiver ! Mj ior. I stand on coals: —tell me (During this conversation, Feodora stands at a mod est distance and occupies herself in a becoming way.) I. P. Well then. You know that the head of the police is an old friend of mine. To him I went first. 1 related to him our adventure. I told him that you were in love, and that I was half-way,—that not one word could we get from her, and that yet we were anxious to know who she was, to whom we felt our selves to be truly attached. ‘Why !’ said he, ‘have you not asked for her passport?’ ‘To be sure,’was iny an swer, ‘but she has lost lier passport.’ He imagined that sounded suspicious. ‘But she came from Moscow,’ said I; and then I described her long and broad, and got myself a little into the fire thereby. Then my old friend laughed, and suggested, that a lover could issue the best catch-warrant. He immediately set one of his shrewdest followers on the track, who succeeded in a few days in tracing her out. Major. Who is she ? I. P. Not that, but whence she came. Major. Well! I. P. Front Siberia. Maj. (shuddering.) From Siberia ? I. P. Yes. She shewed herself timidly ut the gates. The same story of a lost passport, caj filed a good natured policeman; and when he insisted upon know ing whence she came, she answered him faulteringly, ‘From Tobolsk.’ lie now naturally wished to investigate the matter more thoroughly, carried her in the mean while very politely to his house, from her noble, gentle beating suspected nothing—would perform in a hurry a little matter of business ; but when he returned after an hour’s absence, slio was off! Maj. Hum ! Strange and mysterious! I. P. Mysterious! Not at all. Melhinks a maid en, who comes from Siberia—so entirely alone—so dis tressed—without a passport—a young beautiful pil grim, dexterously outwitting the police—-is as like to a wanton, as one drop of the Neva to another. Maj. Do not condemn her too rashly, dear uncle. I. P. Rashly ! The deuce ! I have been sifting for four weeks to arrive at the truth. Maj. I will not endure the burdeu of this suspi cion. Ilow, if I should suddenly tell her all, before you ? I. P. Do what you will. I withdraw my hand from her. Maj. Ah ! I cannot withdraw my heart until she herself confesses. (After a struggle) Feodora. -a neodora. What do you want? Maj. Come nearer. Look at me. Faodora. Why do you observe me so gloomily ? Mltn. (Locks steadily into her eyes.) You come from Liberia. Feodora (Starting; after a pause she says, re signedly) yes. - f” Maj. Were botn there ? Feodora. No. I. P. Then, sent there ? Faodoro. Yes. Maj. Why ? Feodora. Spare me that question— I. P. But that is the very {joint. Maj. Feodora, what shall I think of you ? Feodora. Nothing base, when you know— I. P. Yes, when he can. Who the devil can thnk any good of you ? Honorable maidens are never sent to Siberia. Maj , Perhaps some peculiar misfortune perplexes you. Feodora. Yes, it is so. Maj. You may still be innocent? Feodora. I am. M'cj. But in tins case you should relate —explain— “ iu all tljings —Jktlral in notjjing” MACON, GEORGIA, SATURDAY MORNING, JULY 2G, 1851. Feodora. It is impossible. Maj. You will trust good men who have received you so unsuspectingly and affectionately. Feodora. Ah yes! that they did ! Maj. Who love you—who will keep your secret trustily. Feodora. I have no secret. I■ P■ W hat contumacy ! Feodora. It is my greatest sorrow that I must ap pear ungrateful. Maj. (Bitterly.) Appear! You are ungrateful. Feodora. Ah ’ /. P. The lady will then perceive, that under ex isting circumstances, she can no longer remain in this house. Feodora. I will go. I. P. You shall not. We will do our duty. You have no passport: we will deliver you over to the po ’ lice. ! Feodora. Do what you think right. I. P. (Angrily.) What tranquility ! Maj. No, dear uncle, we will not aggravate her punishment, however deserved. From my house she shall freely go. (Lie offered her a full purse.) Take it, go, Feodora. (Rejecting it.) There is no need of this act of beneficence to make your house remembered. God will hear the grateful prayer of an innocent child, and reward you. Maj. (With bitterness.) Only go—go! I will recover my peace. This very day, will I solicit a fur lough from the Czar, and travel into foreign lands. I. P. (With anger.) I'll travel with you! To solicit a furlough! Maj. Blessings on the happy casuality, that the monarch travels past this place to-day! Feodora. To-day! By this place! (almost be side herself.) 1. P. Is the lady astounded ? Yes, she must hide herself betimes: for here will his horses be changed; and here will he alight to take refreshment. Feodora. 11a! I. P. Already the coursers aro hurrying by in my carriage. The Czar is not far oft’. Feodora. (Staggers, and catches hold of a chair.) Maj. (Springs to her.) What’s the matter, Feo dora ? Feodora. Nothing. O kind Sir, grant me this last favor—permit me to remain one hour longer in your house, that I may enjoy the happiness of seeing tho monarch! Maj. Do you not shun his presence ? Feodora. Lie will appear to me as a gracious deity ! /. P. Then the hangman shall show his dexterity afterwards. Maj. (Aside.) It is not possible, that she is crim inal ! Marie. (Bursting open the door.) Uncle! broths or! The Czar is coming ! Quickly down to receive h i in! [Exit.] I. P. On, on, nephew 1 This is a day of honor. The one forgets every thing. [Exit.] Maj. Ah, in what a frame of mind, shall I re tire the beloved guest! ,JW 5 i [Kxit] -- f SCENE lii.C FEODORA, {solu^)'\^ Ajhs & g ox> (She easts herself on her kneds, in Vu, agitation.) God 1 who from the North-seas frozen marge, Through forest and liver, and measureless wild, By angel-guidance, hast led thy charge: In this dark hour, O strengthen thy child 1 That she may the Potentate's heart-spring reach, Through the faltering lips, and the stammering speech. Thou seest the tears of my sorrow flowing; Dry up those tears in the mourner’s eye ; And now, by the heavenly gift bestowing, Be true to thy daughter’s constancy : The gift, that was pledged by the worlds above, To the pious heart, and the filial love. (She springs up.) 1 hear them coming! A moment and they will be here ! —God! I have none but thee, God ? I trust in thee !—(She walks staggeringly aside.) SCENE VIII. THE CZAR, IVAN PETROVITSCH, THE MAJOR, MARIE. The last three in chorus — Happiness broods oe’r the dwelling, Where a good prince makes his stay : No armed host with conquest swelling— Troops of blessings, track his way! Sacred is the threshold, feet Os the well beloved have pressed ! Children his friendly entrance greet With childhood's exultation ; And a future generation Marks the house, which he lias West! Czar. I thank you my friends. lain happy among you, for I know that you love me. I. P. O ! if this feeling contributes to the happi ness of your majesty, then you must be happy every where ; for where are you not loved ! Feodora. (Falls breathless at tho Czar’s feet.) Czar. Who is this! what do you wish ? Marie. Feodora, vvliat arc you doing ! (Ivan Pelrovitsch and the Major exhibit—tho marks of dismay.) I. P. We know her not—Go ! what impropriety ! Czar. Let her alone. Every unfortunate has a claim upon the Czar. Speak iny child. Feodora. I—l cannot — Czar. Recover yourself. Take courage. Ima gine you are speaking to your father. Feodora. Father!—This word gives me courage. I am the daughter of General Tshulikoff. Czar. The exile ? Feodora. For fourteen years he has languished in Siberia. He has erred, butTiis atonement has been se vere—on the bank of the Irtish, he has dug the graves of his wife and two of his children. Penury and grief destroyed them. All! I grew up, not to give him joy, for his great ago led him to antipate a speedy death: he saw in me only a neglected orphan. The scanty bread that I received from his hand, wet with tears.— ‘Ah,‘ he often sighed, ‘thou must soon beg even this.’ I could no longer endure my father’s sorrow : —My spirit was early matured in the school of affliction—the report of your clemency reached even our frighful soli tude—a ray of hope glimmered—l determined to risk all, to procure by my entreaties your clemency for my father. With anxiety and hope I embrace your knees. Gracious Czar! pardon for my father ! Czar. Arise, What! Didyo'j come from Siberia, all alone ? Feodora. All alone. Czar. But how ? Feodora. On foot. Czar. On foot ? Maj, Ha! Czar. What gave you the courage ? Feodora. Trust in God ! Czar. But the strength t Feodora. Filial love. Czar. Had you no protector on such a journey ? Feodora. My innocence. Czar. What means had you ? Feodora. The charity of the pious. Czar. You begged then ? Feodora. For my father. Czar. Noble hearted maiden 1 your father is free ! j Feodora. (Cries out.) lie is free! (She would cast herself at the Czar's felt j but sinks helplessly into the arms of Marie.) Czar. Every affliotion--every necessity has this brave maiden borne ; but joy overcomes Iter. I see you are all deeply moved. I. P. Yes, God knows ! Czar. Stay with her, mv friends. Follow me not. I will relinquish the first outbreak of your gratitude; and instead, despatch a courier to Siberia ; then bring to me the pious <4 u Id. I will not leave this house, un til I have acc. e mos (T h er happiness. (He goes.) (Ivan I\trocars panel the Major would follow him.) Czar. Remiieei N [Eiit] SCENE IX. The same, without the Czar. / Maj (Casts himself s>. Feod.Ja’s feet.) My blessed! I. P 1 could weep ifor vfry shame and regret! Marie. Feodora, dear Feodora !’ Feodora. (Recovering) What has happened to me? * Marie. Your father is free ! Feodora. (In ex Lacy.) He is free through me ! Sud denly passing over into high devotion) —No, through thee, (lifting her eyes and hands toward heaven,) and I have not yet thanked thee. Marie. Be still. She prays. Maj, To her must [ pray : Pardon, my lady. /. P. Let her also grant to this poor, abashed, old simpleton, grace instead of justice. t Feodora. Why is this? My benefactor! (Sherais- Major.) .. P. We have injured you, by our shocking sus picions. Feodora. How could you have felt otherwise ? I. P. But you must bear your share of the blame. Why did you not confide in us ? Feodora. The strict injunctions of my father—the vow, that I, departing, laid in his trembliug hand, only to reveal myself to \he Crar —the absence of the mon arch— Maj. Ilow, my lady ! Do you condescend to ex culpate yourself? Does not the purest innocence per vade your entire being. O! my heart has never wavered: and now, no power upou earth shall sepa rate me from you ! Marie. (Weeping.) Sister Feodora. I have a father—he is free —he will come —I will obey him. Maj. May I hasten to meet him ? Feodora. Conduct him in joy to my arms, be his guardian Angel upon his long and arduous journey: and then take for your reward, my thankful heart. Maj. The Czar sends a courier, I will accompany him. I. P. Now I envy you your youth ! Feodora. O that my prayers could lend you wings! MAJOR. Strong in joys or pains’ direction, Move young hearts in their unrest:— But stronger the affection, In the pious daughter’s breast. CHORUS. As the reed in the liuricanywild, Waver friends in adversity blast: But the dutiful love,< J cases- as may coupe iirulyr tneir obser 1 We have made ap libit to a seen ■] nances of the liilib county Acade’ - y W that our researches have be-*"CIV^, Trustees failing jf c > 8 devotion But a nobler emotion. Strews a father’s path with flowers. CHORUS. The flowers of the earth, with their blushing dyes, Attract young passion's blazing eyes : But this soars up the worlds on high, With the prize of its spotless sanctity. IVAN PETROVITSCH. Ilappy the man, who may have found, On earth, a friend in truth : But sweeter, holier joys abound. Where age is propped by filial youth. CHORUS. Rare, that poverty’s endeavors Find a friend, experience saith : But from loving parents, severs Loving children, only death. FEODORA. Rich are conquerors of nations; Princes rich in fancy's pride; Richer yet those generations— Guardians at their parents’ side. CHROIIUS. Life’s way may wear a darkling pall, But light shall smile the dreary wild ; And Heaven's peculiar blessings fall, From parent’s lips upou his child. E. T. W. anoaciMMßMwai Valuble Discovery. —One of our citizens (Mr. A. R. Jones) has discovered a inode ot ventilating sinks, which lie thinks will prove of the greatest utility. By inse.ting a pipe— say lour inches in diameter-through the wali, just above the surface of the sink, and exten ding the pipe into the flue of a chimney in which a fire is kept up, (for example a kitchen chimney,) so great a draft is created as to re move all impure air, and keep the premises entirely free from disagreeable odors. The heat of the chimney not only increases the draft through the pipe, but purifies the air as it as cends; so that, by the time it reaches the top, ail the impurity is gone. Mr. Jones assures us that he has tried the experiment effectually, and that it works .to perfection. He says that, iiv this way, the most _ filthy ..sinks maybe ren dered entirely free from unpleasant odors, whilst the purity of thesurrounding atmosphere will he preserved. In densely populated cities this discovery will prove of great value in the pro motion of comfort and the preservation of health.— St. Loiis Intelligencer. Good. —It is threatened iu an exchange pa per, that if the ladies introduce the Turkish fashion of trowsers, that the men will introduce another Turkish fashion: A multiplicity of wives! Hypocrisy in any matter is bad, but in relig ion it is abominable; there is no such a devil as he that looks like an angel. In this country we own no sovereigns ex cept the ladies—God bless them!—and every man ought to have one of them! The AV’ay. to Make an Impression.— “Sammy, my boy, what are yet! jarying Scil\ ‘Bill hove the Bibio at me, and hit me on the head,’ ‘Well, you are the only person in my fam ily on whom the Bible ever made the least im pression.’ A certain person, evidently one of tho class, defines an old maid, to be: “A lady who has attained the age of twenty four or five, without having married a fool, a knave a gambler, a drunkard, or a loafer.’ Good, good, The Post says, one of tho pilots of Boston is so remarkably fat. that he is atigmatized a? I Pauncheous Pilot, Address, Delivered by Hiram Warner, at Knoxville, Crawford county, Ga. July 4, 1832. Friends and. Fellow-citizens —Fifty and six times has the sun performed his annual revolu tion, since the American colonies were declared to be free and independent—Fifty and six were the number of those unexampled patriots who signed that Declaration of Independence, just read in your hearing, at a crisis, too, which tried men’s souls, pledged their lives, their for tunes, and sacred honors, to support it. How many of them now remain to speak forth their noble deeds of other days? Alas! but one of that immortal band is heard on earth to answer to his name :—and, ere now, his spirit may have tied to Him who gave it; for this is a day on which our heavenly Father delights to call those patriots home. Time, which no human arm can stay, has moved onward in its course, until fifty and six years have rolled away, since the American peo ple declared themselves emancipated from the thraldom of British tyranny; and vve are, as yet, a united, prosperous and happy people. I.c-t all our hearts be filled with gratitude and thanksgiving to that God, from whom all bless ings flow, for his kindness and protection. But, while we have abundant cause to rejoice that we are yet preserved as a united, prosperous and happy people, we have also cause to mourn. There has been a dark cloud gathering around our political horizon,for some time past,which threat ens destruction to our Union,prosperity and hap piness. That there has been a deliberate plan formed, by ambitious and desiging politicians, to dissolve the Union of the States, 1 do most sincerely believe —That this plan is in the pro gress of consummation, but little doubt is enter tained—That regularly organized meetings have been held in which this subject have been grave ly discussed, is also believed. Disregarding the last farewell admonitions of the Father of our common country, certain leading politicians in a neighboring State, secretly countenanced by men high in authority in otfrown State, are, at this moment, industriously laboring to prepare the minds of the the people to embrace their baneful doctrine —a doctrine unknown to the Constitution, perfectly at war with that instru meat, and, in its practical effect, entirely de structive of that Union of the States so essential to the preservation of American liberty. This now-fangled and dangerous doctrine is called Nullification, a name quite significant of itself, for the purposes intended to be accomplished by the authors of it. This doctrine of Nullification (in its general received seuse) is understood to be the right of a single State to judge, for her self, and pronounce upon, the constitutionality of the actsofthe Congress of the United States, or, in other words, that a single State has the right, in her sovereign capacity, to judge of, and pronounce upon.the konstitutionality of a law of lire Congress of the United States, - 'without any Reference whatever to the forms precribed by the constitution for that purpose, and to resist the operation of that law so far as such State is concerned. In every well regulated government, there must exist a supreme law-making power, com manding what is l ight, and prohibiting what is wrong. This power, by the Constitution, is ves ted in the Congress of the United States. The grant is expressly made in the constitution by the delegates of the several States, The com pact is executed , and each State is a party to it. It is therefore equally binding on ai! the States, or it is binding upon none of them. Each State, on the adoption of the Constitution, yielded up a portion of her sovereignty to the General Government, for the common benefit of the whole. That instrument was the result of mature reflection and compromise, for the purposes of forming a more perfect Union, to establish justice, ensure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of lib erty to those who framed it and their posterity. We must take the Constitution as it is—not as some wish it to be. If the people of any State dislike its provisions—if they are tired of living under them—they can easily resort to the con stitutional mode of redress, by proposing the call of a Convention for the purpose of amend ing the constitution, or, if they choose to do so, can throw off all allegiance, and be in an open state of rebellion , both to the laws and Constitu tion ; but I do contend, there is no middle ground between submission to the Constitution and open rebellion, disguise the mode of oper ation as you please. According to the doctrine of Nullification, one State can control the action of twenty-three, by the interposition of her power. To admit this doctrine, for a moment, would be entirely destructive of the main object had iu view in the formation of the Constitution. It would also contravene one vital principle in cident to all republican governments, that a majority must govern—whereas, according to the ground assumed by the Nullifiers, a minor ity would govern—one State control the action twenty-three. This mongrel doctrine has no warrant in the constitution for its exercise, and > alike subversive of the Union of the States, as it is the offspring of bosoms fermenting w ith disappointed ambition. If you have a written Constitution, you must conform to its provisions —you must be within the pale of the Constitu tion, or you must be without. You cannot claim protection under it, when the same suits your convenience, and disclaim its binding ef fect, when the same does not exactly suit your purpose. One State cannot be a member of the Union to-day, and without it to-morrow ; or, according to the late discovery, half within, and half without. She must either be for the Union, or she must be against \t. That there are some men who honestly entertain this illegitimate doctrine, is not to be doubted. Ihe Apostle Paul thought he was right when he persecuted the Gentiles, but when his eyes were opened, as to the consequences of his strange conduct, he saw his error, and confessed his sins. However innocent those may be who surrendered their opinions upon the subject, without air fitvesti depend upog it, iherhaders in this grand drama, cannot plead such an excuse. It is their object to wean the affections of the people from their constitutional government, under the spe cious pretext that they alone are the sole cham pions of their rights. That the Constitution, framed by Washington, Franklin, Madison, and others, whose names are dear to the American people, is not sufficient for that purpose. Great labor has been exerted to show, that their fa vorite doctrine of Nullification is perfectly in nocent in its consequences. This is highly nec essary to ensure its success, What man or set of men ever plotted the destruction of any gov ernment, who did not- pursue a similar course 1 1 First, poison tho public mind by their pretended innocent measures uutil they have acquired suf ficent strength ; then to the accomplishment of their unhallowed object. Could the immortal Washington and their associates, be permitted to appear before the people of this mighty re public this day, with that holy fire of patriotism burning in their bosoms which so fearlessly prompted them to action, iu seventy-six; look ing round upon their descendants, should call upon them to rally around the standard of their country’s glory, and receive the blessing award ed to the faithful—do you think the Arch Nul lifies and his associates would be permitted to have a place among them ? No, fellow-citizens: they would be hurled from their presence, as the rebel angels were huried,tVoni the court of Heaver/, and bo eternally consigned to that \-plOfiu which the sober judgmentoftho American j people has long since prepared for them. Can .it be possible, we shall ever become insensible to the incalculable benefits which we anuualiy derive, under our happy form of Government l Can the idea be indulged, for a moment, that we shall be so lost to a sense of gratitude toward-, those who oftbred up their all upon the altar of their country’s good, and more especially to wards Him, who by his guardian care, led them safely through the perils of the Revolution, as to presume to calculate the value of that Union which has secured to us such signal blessings, and command the admiration of the world ? Shall we now, while the lamp of liberty is fair ly blazing, when the eyes of all nations are upon us, by our intestine feuds, turmoils and dissen sions, rend in twain that fabric which cost our illustrious ancestors so much toil, blood and treasure to erect ? Better would it be for a millstone to be hanged around the neck of those disorganize rs of the government, aud they thrown into the middle of the ocean, than this happy country should ever become a “howling wilderness” to satisfy their insatiate ambition. It cannot fail to excite the deepest concern in the bosom of every true patriot who has the welfare of the couutry at heart, to witness the daily attacks that are made upon the free iasti tutions of his country, by different classes of men who have been cheerished and protected by them —institutions which, by their salutary influence and example, have caused the bands ol tyranny to be loosened, and the mon arch to tremble for his throne. \Y bile the Chief Magistrate of the nation, who is the organ of the people, placed on the watchtower of the government by them, annual ly proclaims, that our whole country is prosper ous and happy, yet there are to be found those who strive to inculcate the idea, that we are, a miserable, wretched and oppressed people, the evidence of our own senses, to the contrary notwithstanding. Cast your eyes over the map ot the world, aud say where is the nation, on the face of the earth, with which you would be williug to exchange your condition ? Compare your situation with that of any other people, known to the civilized world, haviug a regular organised government, and it will be found that you pay less tax and enjoy a greater share of human happiness than any other—even the most favored on this terrestial globe. Tell me, then, why these things are so? Why is it, in the latter days, the work of those whose deeds we have assembled this day to celebrate have fallen into such disrepute with some of our countrymen ? It it because they, who abuse the government at this period, and labor to con vince the people that they are oppressed, pos sesses a better knowledge of the provisions of the Constitution, than those who framed that instrument and first acted uuder it ? Or is it because there are so many ambitious politicians in the country who find it necessary to create some great political excitement to secure their elevation to power ? These questions, particu larly at this time, deserve a serious consid eration. The careful observer cannot fail to notice, that those whose vociferations are loudest against the government of our common coun try, and who favor this illegitimate doctrine of Nullification, may, with propriety, be divided into three general classes : First, those talent ed, ambitious, designing, disappointed politi cians who contributed much to sustain the gov ernment, so long as there was any prospect of their elevation to power under it; but whose hopes of success, being now forever blasted, they direct all their energies towards the destruction of that Union over which they have not been permitted to assume any share in the executive control. It is the policy of such politicians to sour the minds of the common people against their government, and for that purpose grad ually approach them through their supposed interests. Indulging the hope, that, by per suading the people they are grievously oppress ed, they will he able to work a revolution, which will produce anarchy and confusion, whereby they may be enabled to possess themselves of the supreme power over some of the broken fragments. Such are the ambitious and de praved natures of some men, that they would rather reign in hell than enjoy a happy obe dience in heaven. There is another class of politicians whoought to be noticed at this time. It is those who have but little merit of their own to recommend them to public notice, al though gifted with lofty ideas of their own worth and consequence, who know as little about the practical operation of th.3 enactments of the General Government as a Hoteutot, but who have been extremely active for their party [on all occasions; consequently, claim to be ele vated to important stations as the reward of their supposed services. Such men are always the most clamorous about the people’s rights, as if the people did not understand their own rights themselves. They talk loudly of the op pressions of the people by the government, as if the people could not ascertain thar fact, (if it existed,) without their assistance. Finally when you come to learn their true character, they are the mere instruments of those talented designing politicians, who always select sv* demagogues to promulgate and trumpet their treasonable doctrines. “Bv their v may know them.” The second class r-. —, who-censuro.and abuse tbs- r J! most extravagantly, are-thoso village politicians com prising the pettifogging lawyer, the quack doc tor, the broken merchant, and the lazy of every profession, who are to be found lounging about the streets in ali the villages of the State, with out any visible means of employment. These sage personages, “ wiser in their own conceit, than seven men who can render a reason,” as sume to themselves the prerogative of acting ! as censors over the conduct of those who ad minister the government of the nation. The people, say they, are most shockingly oppress ed by the unconstitutional enactments of Con gress. We will not submit to such tyranica! suurpation of our rights; our vital interests will be destroyed unless some prompt and decisive measuies be adopted. And when their torpid sstyems become excited by copious draughts of Cognac bandy, they talk of nullification and about fighting for their rights, and are as radiant, as Falstaff when he encountered the men in buckram suits—while in truth, and in fact, they have no substantial interests to be affected by any government. One government is as good as another for them, although, I have no doubt, a majority of them would prefer a government without orders and without laws, as justice, ad ministered according to law, is the only oppres sion which such men really dread. The third and last general class of persons who are so much dissatisfied with the laws of their own gov ernment, and are continual! 1 * inveighing against its oppressive enactments, are those who have been raised in the lap of luxury, without a correct knowledge of either labor or economy. Their parents, anxious for the welfare of their sons, had, by practical industry and economy them selves, acquired handsome estates, of which their sons become possessed at their death. As their parents have taken great pains to raise their sons gentlemen, I will, therefore, by wav of distinction, denominate this class of persons gentlemen farmers. From the hard earnings of their deceased parents, they are enabled to pur chase the best land in the neighborhood where they settle, with a sufficient number of hands tv work it, as well as every other thing necessary to carry on their farms with success aud profit. But having been raised gentlemen , they have no practical knowledge of managing their bus iness in a husbandlike manner. So the man agement of their plantations must necessarily b entrusted to overseers, while they, richlv attired in British goods, (instead of their own domestic manufactures) arc riding about the country, in dulging in every species of extravagance. Two or three years e-lapse, when they find themselves largely in debt. Being unwilling to acknowl edge the true cause of their arrears, but anxious for some excuse, (as men who neglect their bus iness always are) they attribute it all to the op pressive tariff laws of Congress. During the most busy season of the year, when every In dustrious practical farmer is entirely engaged iu his crop, you can always find some of those gentlemen farmers at a country post office on mail days, and other public places, clod in su perfine broadcloth, with a nullification newspa per in one hand, making violent gesticulations with the other, and descanting largely upon the oppressive enactments of the government. Oh! the accursed tariff! We had much rather live under British government, than under such cruel oppression !—Always ready to allege their misfortunes to any other cause than that of their own misconduct, suth are the true sources whence those reiterated complaints of oppression on the part of the government, originated. Such are the true sources whence this bastard doctrine of Nullification took its rise and con tinues to receive its countenance. In the State of South Carolina, where the doctrine was first promulgated, it has flourished much inure luxuriantly than iu this State. Al though warmly contested there by some very able men, the common people appear to fiave surrendered their owu opinions to a band of politicians, without a thorough examination of the subject, and have been led away for a tone captive. As yet, Nullification has no fixed root in Georgia, notwithstanding attempts have con stantly been making to plant the noxious weed upon her soil. Adverse winds have scattared the germ amongst us; but I trust the good sense of our people, their attachment to the Union, cemented by the pure blood of patriots, will not suffer it to take.root within our borders. Georgia, true to herself, in the regulation of her own internal police, so far as respects all those rights not delegated to the General Government, will, I trust, long remain a brighter star in that constellation, which it is her glory to maintain, and which proclaims protection to the oppress ed of every nation under Heaven. With re gard to the constitutionality of the tariff Uw of 1828, which has afforded such an excellent hob by horse for a certain class of politicians to ride into power, and which is the alleged preiexd fig nullification as well as disunion, I shall say but little at this time. My own opinion is, that act was a fraud upon the constitution. Others, much wiser than myself, think differently: who is right, it is unnecessary now to discuss. The only question fur the people to determine, i.s whether the cjfect produced upon their inter ests, by the operation of that law, is sufficient to justify them in open rebellion against the Government which enacted it, or, to use the significant substitute, nullify it ? I address my self to the plain, practical, industrious planter, and a-k him, how his interests have been afl’eo ted by the tariff? If your interests have been seriously affected by it, at what particular tim# did you first discover its destructive consequen ces ? Does there exist any necessity for vou to purchase articles of clothing subject to tariff du ties ? Can you not manufacture at home do mestic cloth, decent enough for any man to, wear? If you manage your affairs prudently, make enough to live upon, not to let your ex penditure exceed your income, keep clear of debt, are you afraid the tariff law will oppress you ? What constitutes a wealthy, moral, indus trious and happy community ? Is it where the land is engrossed by a few wealthy men, divid ed into large plantations, each plantation stock ed with two or three hundred negroes for the. purpose of making cotton 1 Or is it w here the land is divided into smaller farms, with a few negroes managed by the several proprietors themselves, all engaged in improving their land, improving stock of various kind-, making cot ton enough for domestic use, and to purchase necessaries for their respective families, having, good buildings, good schools, good churches, good roads, good orchards, and all the means of subsistence in abundance i If you are o/>~. pressed , as those mushroon politicians with rruib. the country is swarming, would mak L BehMK®* if your vital interests are languish ticulariv r*v evidence of it. Are the people - ,uil< uebt ? The'ffockets of the courts in every county will prove Jo tho contrary. Where then, I again repeat, is the evidence of that op pression, which the gooci” people of this State are called upon to redress by open re billion against their ‘government, under the disguised name of nullification? Were you sensible ot such oppression last year ? Do you expec£\with good health, good seasons, and the blessings God to crown your laudable exertions, ;o expe rience such oppression this year. If you arc actually oppressed by the enactment of the Gov ernment, will you net ascertain the fact as soon as those pert fulminating politicians who figure so largely in the newspapers and public meet ings—being the sentiments suggested by those disafected politicians, whose teeth are yet on edge by the sourness of the grapes ? 1 tie in. NO. 17.