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For the Georgia Citizen.
THE SUN; Oil, TELL ME.
Resplendent and glorious Sun ! thou art the most
brilliant jewel in the celestial* casket. We hail thee
as the King of Light. In the morning, ere you rise
from your slumbering couch, thy waiting-maid, Auro
ra, with her roseate fingers and blushing cheek, draws
aside the crimson curtains, and reveals thy shining
face, which is as bright as when, in infancy, it bursted
forth on Paradise, and frightened darkness into chaos,
and compelled it to find refuge in a place unknown.
Sun, thou art an old man; still not a wrinkle has
furrowed thy brow, nor a spark has been dimmed in
those brilliant eyes. Time has not silvered your
golden locks, nor even one hair has fallen from that
lofty brow; but it is as bright and glossy as in youth.
Is it not flattering to your lordly pride, never thus to
change ? Where now you should be in dotage, you
seem as if you had just reached the years of maturity,
and were fulfilling the destiny for which Heaven has
intended, whilst we rejoice in the glory of your bright
career. Who or what has not felt the influence of
thy cheerful smile ? Even the little birds welcome
thy coming, and feel so happy with your presence,
that they warble forth their sweetest songs. Dame
Nature herself looks gloomy and sad when you appear
with a veiled face. I have seen her weep until the
tears would fall in torrents, for being deprived of one
bright smile from thee. The tender flowers, too, droop
and fade for the want of thy love. Yet, if you pour
out the strength of your affections on these frail plants,
it is too powerful, for they wither and die from the
scorching influence.
What variety of feeling does thy morning rising
ercate in the breasts of mankind. See the doomed pris
oner, fettered with chains, peeping from a grated
window, saying, “at sunrise I must die. Oh, that it
may never rise again !’’ Ilark ! the hour has come:
the bell is tolling. You can not heed the torture you
bring. Faithful to the promise to mother earth, you
step forth in the brilliancy of your glory, as if you
brought nothing but enjoyment to all.
Mark the graceful ease of that beautiful girl, as she
prepares her perfumed toilet, every moment peeping
from an opened casement, exclaiming,“ the sun surely
will never rise! It is my bridal morn •, aud lie seems
so long coming.” You will not hurry, and perhaps
will come with a frowning face, or keep jumping
behind the clouds, threatening to excite dame Nature
to tears, but to tantalize aud sadden the gay heart of
tho happy girl.
“ Variety’’ is said to be “ the spice of life and we
like these conquests which you glory in, oh Sun ! Oh,
that you could picture to us in words everything that
you have witnessed—every scene that you have lifted
the celestial torch to enlighten, commencing at the
time when you reflected the image of maiden Eve
from the limpid stream. Turn back the leaves in the
book of memory : tell us of Apollo, and then the
sweetest anthems that ever graced the lyres of the
greatest bards. Yes, tell us that, and even more.
Bring to our imagination the ruins of the past, which
you and your celestial companions above have wit
nessed. Tell us how so much greatness has been
lowered into dust. Tell us of our ancestors: how
they have fallen in their earthly pride and glory, and
have sunk into the shades of oblivion, never more to
rise. Tell us of those who trod the path wreathed
with the laurels of fame, and then donned the snowy
robes of death, leaving only their names registered on
the pages of history. Tell us how they braved the
storms of life, and if they pressed to their bosoms
energy, perseverance, and patience, and in the hour
of adversity grasped the extended hand of ft rtitu le,
M that bold triumph of the barque, whose dauntless
spirit bears the beating storms and bitter winds that
howl around her with a soul unshaken.” Yes, frem
you we could learn the most minute eireumstnncis
connected with those who suffered martyrdom tor our
country’s liberty—who, for the freedom which we
now enjoy, fought, bled, and died. Yes, it was tor us
they gave back their souls to the great Omnipitent.
leaving indelibly stamped upon the tablets of our
hearts their names and virtues, which can never be
effaced until every American is chilled in death. Y< u
could also interest us in the variety of histories and
councils, with the many bright eyes and happy hearts
that have revelled in the gay halls of youthful enjoy
ment, which now have moulded into dust, and which
halls, like Herculaneum and Pompeii, have been
buried in the ashes of oblivion. Still, as ever, you
shine on the desolate spot where once the beautiful
cities of Tyre, Sidon, and Babylon stood, as if the
chilled hearts of their children, in their midnight sleep,
could feel the influence of that warming ray, which
so beautiful y lingers on the spet at eve, as if it was
loth to leave a place where you once delighted to
dwell, with those whose eyes are closed in the darkness
of a sepulchre.
Yes, Sun, you could tell us all this, and to me even
more, which, with fortitude, I would struggle to subdue.
Oh, if you could be induced to whisper in'my ear of
him aroilnd whose dying couch your beams played, but
to lure his thoughts from earth to Heaven. Tell me:
did you alone hover o’er his head, and smooth the
pillow of one whose manly form and dauntless spirit
had been fettered by cruel decrees ? Did you act well
the part of an affectionate sister and fond mother ? Did
you call for assistance on the mild zephyrs, to fan his
fevered brow, and whisper in his ear the hope of a
celestial world l Did you drink the tears from his
burning check, when be grieved over borne, and the
departed scenes of bis childhood? Ob, tell me: did
you still linger, even unto the last, and see him entwine
those arms, which were fast chilling in death, around
the bending form of an only friend; and in his last
agony, did you, too, hear the faltering words that died
on his lips: “My sister, my brother—for them only 1
care to live. But I am dying. Oh, friend, do not
forsake them in the hour of adversity. I leave them
in the care of God and thee, as I can do no more.
Farewell to every link which has bound me to the
world. The messenger, Death, calls me—l must go.”
***#*
Oh, Sun, teach us from your experience, that life is
but a shadow which dims the glass that will soon be
crushed by the foot of fate, or erased by the hand of
time. Then all our pleasant anticipations, doubts,
fears, and fancies will fade away, as the night slowly
drops around the earth its pall of darkness. Then
your bright face will fail to bring to a frozen heart even
one lingering hope, when the great and good, the mean
and low, all lie down to rest together, in the Valley of
Death, and pillow their heals on the bosom of mother
earth, and each body unto dust returns, to mingle
together like the calm waters of the deep. Yet, all
alike will share thy sympathies, faithful and glorious
Sun of Heaven. Eolia.
Kossuth’s Speech to the President.
THE PRESIDENTS REPLY.
Kossuth was introduced to the President by
Mr. Webster, on Wednesday. There were pre
sent, the Secretary of the Navy and Postmaster
General, besides Gen. Shields, Mr. Seward, and
others. After a brief pause, M. Kossuth ad
dressed the President in the following terms :
“ Enlightened by the spirit of your country’s
institutions, when we succeeded to eonsolidate
our natural and historical State’s right of self
government, by placing it upon the broad foun
dation of Democratic liberty:
“ Inspired by your history when we had to
fight for independence against annihilation by
centralized absolutism:
“Consoled by your people’s sympathy when
a victim of Russian interference with the laws
of nature, and of nature’s God :
“ Protected in exile by the Goveripient of
the United States, supporting the Sultan of
Turkey in bis noble resolution to undergo the
very danger of a war, rather than leave unpro
tected the rights of humanity against Russo-
Austrian despotism:
“Restored by the United States to life, be
cause restored to freedom, and by freedom to
activity in behalf of those duties which, by my
nation's unanimous confidence and sovereign
will, devolved upon me:
“ Raised in the eyes of many oppressed na
tions to the standing of a harbinger of hope,
because the star-spangled banner was seen cas
ting protection around me, announcing to the
world that there is a nation, alike powerful as
free, ready to protect the laws of nations, even
in distant parts of the earth:
“Cheered by your people’s sympathy, so as
freemen cheer—not a man whatever, but a prin
ciple :
“ I now bow before you, sir, in the proud po
sition of your great nation’s guest, generously
welcomed by a resolution of the Congress of the
United States, with equal generosity approved
and executed by your Excellency.
*’ I beg leave to express my fervent thanks in
my name, and in the name of my associates,
who, alter having sliaied my misfortunes, have
now the reward to share the honor and the
benefit which the great Republic of the United
States was pleased to bestow upon Hungary by
bestowing it upon its free-chosen chief, when
he became a persecuted victim of despotic vio
lence.
“I beg leave to express my fervent thanks in
my country,s name, also, which, amidst the sor
rows of its desolation, feels cheered by your
country’s generosity, and looks with resolution
to the impending future, because it is confident
that the time draws near when the eternal code
of the law of nations will become a reality.
“ President! I stand before your Excellency
a living protestation against the violence of for
eign interference oppressing the sovereign right
of nations to regulate their own domestic con
cerns.
“ I stand before your Excellency a living pro
testation against centralization oppressing the
State right of self-government.
“ May Ibo allowed to take it for augury of
better times, that, in landing on the happy
shores of this glorious republic, I landed in a
free and powerful country, whose honored Chief
Magistrate proclaims to the world that this
country cannot remain indifferent when the
strong arm of a foreign power is invoked to stifle
public sentiment, and repress the spirit of free
dom in any country.
“ I thank God that lie deemed me not un
worthy to act and to suff rfor my fatherland.
“I thank God that the fate of mv country
became so intimately connected with the fate
of liberty and independence of nations in Eu
rope, as formerly it was intimately connected
wiih the security of Christendom.
“I thank God for my country’s unmerited
woe, and my personal sufferings, became an op
portunity to seek a manifestation of the spirit
and principles of your republic.
“May God the Almighty bless you with a
long life, that you may long enjoy the happiness
to see your country great, free, the
corner-stone of inter nation justice, and the
column of freedom on the earth, as it is already
an asylum to the oppressed.
“ Sir, I pledge to your country the everlast
ing gratitude of Hungary.’’
The President replied, briefly, toM. Kossuth’s
address in substance as follows:
“ I am happy, Governor Kossuth, to welcome
you to this land of freedom ; and it gives me
pleasure to congratulate you upon your release
from a long confinement in Turkey, and your
safe arrival here. As an individual, I sympa
thized deeply with you in your brave struggle
for the independence and freedom of your native
land. The American people can never be indif
ferent to such a contest, but our policy as a na
tion in this respect has been uniform, from the
commencement of our Government; and my
own views, as the Chief Executive Magistrate
of this nation, are fully and freely expressed in
my recent message to Congress, to which you
have been pleased to allude. They are the
same, whether speaking to Congress here, or to
the nations of Europe.
*• Should your country be restored to indepen
dence and freedom, I should then wish you—as
the greatest blessing you could enjoy—a resto
ration to your native land; but, should that
never happen, I can only repeat my welcome to
you and your companions here, and pray that
God’s blessing may rest upon you wherever
your lot may be cast.’’
M. Kossuth and the President then entered
into a conversation in regard to the present con
dition of Hungary and the general polities of
Europe; the interview being conducted with
mutual cordiality and friendliness.
THE NEW TAX LAW.
Ax Act to levy and collect a Tax for each of the
political years 1832 and 1833, and thereafter, until
repealed.
Sec. Ist. Be it enacted by the Senate and House
of Representatives of the State of Georgia, in General
Assembly met, and it is hereby enacted by the author
ity of the same, That from and after the passage of this
act, all real dnd personal estate within this State,
whether owned by individuals or corporations, resident
or non-resident, shall be liable to taxation, subject to
the exemptions hereinafter specified.
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That the terms
“ real estate, ’’ as used in this act, shall be construed to
include land itself, all buildings or other articles erected
upon or affixed to the same ; all mines, minerals, fossils,
and quarries in and under the same, except mines
belonging to the State; and the term “ personal estate,’’
as used in this act, shall be construed to include all
chattels, monies, debts due from solvent debtors,
whether on note, bill, draft, judgment, or mortgage,
or open accounts, goods, wares, and merchandize,
capital invested in shipping tonnage, or capital other
wise invested, negro slaves, pleasure carriages, public
stocks, and stocks in monied corporations; also such
portion of the capital of incorporated companies liable
to taxation on their capital, as shall not be invested in
real or personal estate.
Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That the fol
lowing property shall be exempted from taxation, to
wit: All exempted from taxation by the Constitution
of the State, or under the Constitution of the United
States, all lands belonging to this State or the United
States, every building erected for the use of and used ,
by a college, incorporated academy, or other seminary
of learning, every building for public worship, every
school house, court-house, and jail, and the several
lots whereon such buildings are situated, and all the
furniture belonging to each of them, all books and
philosophical apparatus not held as merchandize, and
for the purpose of sale, every poor house, alms house,
house of industry, and any house belonging to any
charitable institution, and the real and personal estate
belonging to any charitable institution, or connected
with the same, the real and personal estate of any
public library, and other literary associations, all stocks
owned by the State, and by literary and charitable
institutions ; also all plantation and mechanical tools,
all household and kitchen furniture not above the value
of three hundred dollars, nor held for purpose of sale,
or as merchandize; libraries; all poultry, and S2OO
value of other property, belonging to each tax payer ;
and also the annual crops and provisions of the citi
zens of this State, and all fire arms and other instru
ments, and all munitions of war not held as merchan
dize, wearing apparel of the taxpayer and family, and
the holder or owner of stock in any incorporated com
pany liable to taxation on his capital, shall not be
taxed as an individual for such stocks.
Sec. 4. And be it further enacted, That all lands
held under warrants, and surveyed, but not granted
hy the State, shall be liable to taxation in the same
manner as if actually granted.
Sec And be it further enacted, That all monied
or stock corporations deriving income or profit from
capital or otherwise, except as before excepted,
shall be liable to taxation.
Sec. 6. And be it further enacted, That each and
every free person of color in this State, between the
ages of eighteen and fifty, shall be taxed annually the
sum of five dollars.
Sec. 7. And be it further enacted, That the sum of
five dollars shall be levied upon all practitioners of
law, or physic, or dentistry, and daguerrean arts.
Sec. 8. And be it further enacted, That each and
every male citizen between the ages of twenty-one
and sixty years, shall be taxed annually hereafter,
twenty-five cents.
Sec. 9. And be it further enacted, That the re
ceiver of tax returns in each county, shall receive all
returns to him on the oaths of the persons making
them, and at such valuation as they may affix ; and if
any person shall fail to make a return, or to affix a
value, the receiver shall make such vali
asses the tax thereon from the best information in his
power to obtain, and in eases where no return is
made, or no valuation made, by the |>orsou returning,
he shall assess a double tax.
Sec. 10. Aud be it further enacted, That it shall
be the duty of the receiver to asmss all real and per
sonal estate not returned, or not assessed by the person
returning the same, at the full market value.
Sec, 11. Aud be it further enacted, That the re
ceiver of tax returns shall require all persons to give
in each and every tract or parcel of land he or she
may own, specifying its location, quality, and the
number of acres, if known, and the aggregate value,
including the value of the buildings, machinery, toll
bridges or ferries on the same, a classification of the
personal estate subject to taxation, as defined in the
second section of this act, specifying the number of
negro slaves and their aggregate value, and the aggre
gate value of all other chattels, moneys, debts due, or
to become due from solvent debtors, in whatsoever
form ; and each classification shall be entered in sepa
rate columns.
Sec. 12. And be it further enacted, That the re
ceivers of tax returns throughout the State shall ad
minister to each and every person giving in his or her
taxable property, the following oath, to wit: You do
solemnly swear (or affirm, as the case may be) that
the account which you now give in is a just and true
account of all the taxable property which you were
possessed of, held or claimed on the first day of Janu
ary last, or was interested in or entitled unto, either
in your own right, or in the right of any other person
or persons whatsoever, as parent, guardian, executor,
administrator, agent, or trustee, or in any other manner
whatever; and that it is not worth more than the val
uation you have affixed to it, to the best of your knowl
edge and belief. So help you God.
Slec. 13. And be it fuitlier enacted, That it shall
be the duty of the several tax receivers within this
State to take in all taxables herein before enumerated,
and enter the same in bis book or digest, with the
appraised value thereof, following the classification
specified in the second and eleventh sections of this
act, and return a copy of the same, made out in fair
and legible band writing, to the Comptroller General,
and one to the Clerk of the Inferior Court, and tax
collector, on or before the first day of -July, in each
year, in which digest shall be carefully made out an
abstract, stating each subject of taxation, the amount
of aggregate value of each, the number of acres of
land, number of slaves, polls, free persons of color,
professions, &e.
Sec. 14. And be it further enacted, That when
the Comptroller General shall have received said di
gests, lie is hereby required to examine the same
carefully, to detect any error or errors therein con
tained ; and having corrected the same, if any shall
be found to exist, he shall then foot up each column,
and ascertain the aggregate amount of each and all
the digests, and report the same to his Excellency
the Governor, who, with the assistance of the Comp
troller, shall assess such a rate per cent, not exceeding
1-12tli of one per cent, on the entire amount, as will
raise an amount of revenue corresponding to the
wants of the State, and notify the several tax collectors
throughout the Slate of the rate per cent, so imposed,
and the amount to be collected by him in each county.
Sec. 15. And be it further enacted, That the
amount so required to be assessed and collected, shall
not exceed the sum of three hundred and seventy-five
thousand dollars annually.
Sec. 16 And be it further enacted, That the
amount of tax to be paid annually t> the State, upon
(lie amount of real and personal estate taxable under
this act, shall be one-twelfth of one per cent., which
shall bo levied, and collected, and accounted for, ac
cording to the existing laws, together with the poll
tax, and Lax on practitioners of law, medicine, free
negroes, dentists, and daguerrean artists.
Sec. 17. And be it further enacted, by the author
ity aforesaid, That it shall be the duty of the Comp
troller General, with the assistance of the Treasurer,
after the returns of taxes have been made by the tax
receivers of the several counties in this State, to make
an estimate of tlie sum total of taxes which will be
raised under this act, according lo the per cent, as
sessed ; and if it should appear that the sum total
should exceed the amount of taxes required by this
act to be raised, then the Comptroller General shall
issue his circular, directing the tax collectors of this
State to make such deduction in an equal ratio upon
every thing taxed according to value, as will reduce
thesuin total of taxes as nearly to the amount required
by this act to be raised, as is practicable ; the Comp
troller specifying the per cent, deduction necessary to
be made.
Sec. 18. And be it further enacted, That the tax
receivers and collectors shall receive the same com
pensation now allowed by law.
Sec. 19. That to net the digest, as provided for
in the seventh section of the act of 1843, for the re
ceivers, the default list shall be deducted ; and for the
collectors, the insolvent list shall be deducted from
the total amount of digests; and that all taxes due
and payable under any of the provisions of this act,
shall be paid in gold or silver, or in the bills of specie
paying banks of this State.
Sec. 20. And be it further enacted, That the fourth
and fifth sections of an act passed the 22nd day of Feb
ruary, eighteen hundred arid fifty, to levy and collect
a tax for each of the ]>olitical years 1850 and 1851,
and thereafter, be, and the same are hereby continued
in full force and effect, saving and excepting so much
of the fourth section as is in the following words, to
wit: not being over sixty years of age, or valueless
from decrepitude or disease.
Sec. 21. Be it further enacted, That nothing in
this act shall be so construed as to relieve banks, or
railroads, or agencies of foreign banks, from any special
tax heretofore assessed on them, or any of them.
Sec. 22. And be it further enacted, That all laws
and parts of laws militating against this act, except
such parts of tho tax acts now in force in this State
as may be necessary to carry out this act, and which
are declared in full force, be, and the same are, hereby
repealed.
From the N. V. Day Book, 2d inst.
LATER FROM EUROPE.
ARRIVAL OF THE AFRICA.
kossuth’s sisters under arrest.
FRANCK QI’IKT.
The Africa arrived at her wharf at 11 o’clock.
M c give below a hasty summary of her news.
We have dates from Paris to the evening of the 18th.
Everything was quiet, and the excitement consequent
upon the coup d’etat was gradually subsiding.
Business throughout the country was rapidly regain
ing its wonted activity. So at least write the corres
pondents of the English press.
We thus see that the conduct of the President is
substantially acquiesced in if not openly approved.
Nevertheless, in singular contradiction to these as
surances, the papers teem with attempts at insurrection
in all parts of the country.
Thirty-four out of eighty-six depaitments, are in a
state of seige.
General Cavignac has been liberated without con
ditions of any kind having been imposed or demanded.
The General, who was on the point of being married,
intends, it is said, proceeding to Italy with his bride.
MM. Gremieux, Leo de Laborde, and Creton, who
were confined at \ incennes, have been set at liberty.
Another legion of the Garde National (the 6th) has
been dissolved by a decree of the President, not because
its members sympathized With the enemies of order,
but, in the words of M. de Morny, 1 because the dis
position of the streets’ in the department which it was
their duty to protect ‘is favorable to the plans of the in
surgents.’
It is said that the French garrison at Rome had im
mediately deposited its adhesion to the policy of Louis
Napoleon in the hands of General Gemeau. Rome
was illuminated on the occasion, but it is not known
whether at the expense of the Papal Government or the
French.
The Genoa papers of the 12th asserts that the troops
in Africa had received the news of the coup d'etat
with great coolness, and showed discontent at the im
pr.sonment of the Generals, and called for their release
while voting.
Spain. Our accounts from Madrid are of tho 12th
instant.
On the i th, the war steamer Isabella 11. arrived at
V igo, from Ilavanna, bringing the remains of General
Enna. Several eases of yellow fever having manifested
themselves on board during the passage, the vessel was
placed in quarantine.
1 mportant front Hungary.—On Wednesday,the 10th.
before daybreak, a special train arrived from Hungary
at the Vienna terminus of the Northern Railroad. It
was composed of twelve coaches, each of which con
tained a prisoner with three gendarmes. On their ar
rival horses were immediately put to the carriages,and
the cortege, occompanied by a detachment of gendarmes
drove off’ to some prison. The prisoners were of both
sexes—the men in irons.
From a credible source 1 learn that Kossuth’s sisters
were the female prisoners, and the others cavaliers (no
bles,) Whether any traces of a conspiracy were ac
tually found when the lodgings of the sisters, Ruttkay
and Messlegyi, were searched, 1 am unable to say ; but
it is certain that the suspicions of Government have
been violently excited by some circumstances which
have recently occurred in Hungary. corres
pondence of the Times 14th.
Resignation of Air. Clay.
The following Letter of Mr. Clay, was read in the
Legislature of Kentucky on the 23d December :
Washington, 17th December, 1851.
To the General Assembly of Kentucky :
When you did me the honor to confer on me the ap
pointment of a Senator from Kentucky, w hich 1 now
hold, in accepting it I did not intend or expect to serve
the entire term of six years. I had previously retired
finally, as I supposed, from that body. But out of
the territorial acquisitions resulting from the war with
Me xico, momentous questions arose, seriously menac
ing the harmony and pence, if not the integrity of the
Union. I felt it to be my duty to return again to the Sen •
ate, and to contribute my bumble aid, by an amieabi .■
settlement of those quest'ons, to avert the cal am
with which we were Such a se't! n
was attempted during the last Congress, is now in
progress of execution, and I trust and hope will accom
plish all the good that could be expected from any
great measure, adopted to heal national divisions and
animosities, which had risen to such an alarming
height.
On the approach of the present Congress, it was
with much hesitation, proceeding partly from my fee
ble state of health, that I concluded to return, for the
last time, to the Senate. But I have no thought of
ever again taking a seat in that body, after the close
of the present session. Having come to this deter
mination, I consider it incumbent on me, to place it in
the power of tho General Assembly to appoint tny suc
cessor during the present session.
I do, therefore, hereby resign the offiee of a Sena
tor of the United States from the State of Kentucky,
this, my resignation to take effect on the first Monday
of September, 1852.
In dissolving this official relation, in which I stand
to the General Assembly, I e*nnot forbear renewing
an expression of niy great obligations, and my pro
found gratitude, for the many distinguished and grati.
tying proofs which it has given to me of its confidence
and attachment.
I have the honor to be. with the highest respect,
Your faithful and obedient servant.
IIENRY CLAY.
From the Louisville Journal.
A Pedestal.
ERECTED IN HONOR OF
Henry Clay.
To be read , commencing at either the base or apex.
Rise
To the skies
Sublimely great,
Surmounting h a t e .
Oli, glorious Clay,
M ho can repay
Thee?
Rare conservator,
Bless'd mediator,
Contending ever,
Flittering never,
Foremost in fight,
Battling for right,
Constantin action,
Dr>4iisiiig faction,
pliritied in yLeh patriotic breast,
We proudly hail and oft exuliiug claim
Kentucky's favored son, sated with fame
When dangers lower, the only hope of all
In peace, the object of eveiiomed gull,
Sublimely standing ’mil each patty storm
Unmoved; immoveable we’ve mark’d thy form
Now curbing factions as they wrangle wrongly,
l niling now our federal ties more strongly
Like some bold beacon cliff’mid storms grown gray
Stemming the angry flood, we view thee, I larry Clay
Elkton, Todd co. Ky. JOHN IIOPLEY.
LETTER TO TIIE EDITOR.
Milledoevillx, Jan. 2, 1852.
Dr. Andrcics: —l have heard of tempests
in tea pots, indignation meetings, mobs and
suicides, but last night, or rather this morning
we had one of the strangest exhibitions of the
wrath and indignation of certain highly culti
vated, moral and refined citizens of Milledge
ville, which we have witnessed in a Coon’s age.
On Wednesday evening last a bill passed the
House making it a high misdemeanor to take
certain endearing liberties with ladies of color
—otherwise called the fair sex of Africa ’ —
which said endearing liberties being highly
prized by the said virtuous citizens, wore not
to be given up without a struggle. According
ly—whether to terrify Senators against the
final passage of said bill, or to be revenged up
on those who voted for it in the House, I know
not—-they, the said virtuous citizens got togeth
er, stuffed an effigy of a negro woman and hung
it up near the market house, with a placard up
on its back expressive of their wrath and indig
nation against certain members of the House,
by name.
Some of them, also go about the streets curs
ing every body who voted for the bill at a round
ratfc; so that one might be led to suppose that
this bill interfered with their chief business in
life. I always admired a man that would de
fend his rights, and admiring heroism of all
kinds, I could not do less than write to you, that
the world might know that there is one right at
least which some folks hold dear and will de
fend to the last.
If such do not deserve a nich
in the Temple of Fame, they at least ought to
have a corner in the Georgia Citizen.
SOJOURNER.
Ordinary.
We give below the provisions of the Ordinary Bill,
as passed by the House of Representatives. It lias
not yet been passed by the Senate, but the Bill in the
Representative branch wa* most carefully considered,
and made as perfect as the most patient considerations
of that body could make it. We suppose therefore
the Senate will hardly make more than immaterial
amendments, and as the officers elected to this new of
fiee will feel anxious to know the changes of the law
in relation to their office, at as early a moment as pos-’
sible, we have given them the provisions of the bill, at
its present stage, with the expression of our opinion,
that it will not be materially altered by the Senate.—
Recorder.
Section 1, continues in force all laws relating to the
Inferior Courts sitting as Courts of Ordinary, and to
the Clerks thereof, which are not repugnant to the
provisions of this act.
Section 2 repeals all laws authorizing Clerks of
the Courts of Ordinary to receive any estate into his
hands.
Section 3 requires Ordinaries, within 3 months af
ter qualification, to demand of former Clerks to make
a full and fair exhibit of the condition of all estates in
their hands.
Section 4 provides that upon the qualification of
the Ordinary, his letters of Administration, <tc. shall
abate, (except such as he may hold from other coun
ties,) and the same shall devolve upon the Clerk of the
Superior Court, unless upon citation some other per
son may apply for them.
Section 5 provides that the Ordinary, after his elec
tion and qualification, shall not act as administrator or
executor, &c. during his continuance in office, and fur
ther, render ineligible, after the first election under
this act, any administrator, &e. to the office of Ordi
nary.
Section 6 compels Justices of the Inferior Courts
under penalty for contempt, to surrender to the Ordi
naries all books and papers belonging to their office.
Section 7 establishes the fees of officers carrying
out the provisions of the foregoing section.
Section 8 requires the Ordinary to keep his office
at the County seat, and keep it open eveVy day except
Sunday. Letters of administration, dec. can be grant
ed at regular terms of his court only.
Section if fixes the regular terms of the Court on the
first Monday in every mouth, except in January, when
it shall be held on the second Monday.
Section 10 declares in what manner the re*urns for
the election of Ordinary shall be made a.id how ho
shall be commissioned.
Section 11 explains how the Ordinary shall be quali
fied, and who shall take his bond.
Section 12 prescribes the mode of advertising and
selling real estate.
Section 13 provides that administrators, &o. sell
personal property except negroes, under certain con
ditions, with the consent of the Ordinary and on ten
days notice.
Section 14 concerns the filling of vacancies in the
office of Ordinary.
Section 15 fixes the Ordinary’s bond at 82000.
Section 16 contains the oath of the Ordinary.
Section 17 makes the Ordinary the payee of Ad
ministrator’s bonds, &e.
Section 18 disqualifies the Ordinary from holding
any other of trust or profit, except that of Cle.ik of
the Inferior Court.
Section 19 provides that no rtturn shall be admitted
to record till thirty days after the time of filling the
same, and allows the Ordinary ten cents for every one
hundred words recorded.
Section 20 fixes fee bill as follows :
For all estates not exceeding SI,OOO in value, the
same fees as are now allowed by law.
For all estates be*ween SI,OOO and $5,000 in value
50 percent on the fees now allowed by law.
For all estates exceeding SSOOO, in value, double the
fees now allowed by law.
Section 21, allows appeals from the decision of the
Ordinary, io the Superior Courts.
Section 22, permits Ordinaries to practice law in all
the Courts in this State, except their own.
Section 23, requires Ordinaries to report to the
Judges of the Superior Courts, at the opening of the
first term thereof, after their election, all unrepresent
ed estates in their hands, and the condition of the
same. Whereupon said Judges are required to com
pel their Clerks to procure admiustration on the same,
in case said Clerks have neglected or refused to un
dertake said administration; or, the Judges may ap
point a receiver or guardian for the same, under such
rules as they may prescribe.
Section 24, repleals all laws adverse to this act.
THE GEORGIA CITIZEN
L. F. W. ANDREWS, EDITOR.
MACON, GEO. JAN. 10, 1852.
To Correspondents.— The Report of the Ma
con Lyceum Committee received and will find a place in
our next.
£3?” ‘Onward’ on file for examination.
O’ Our compliments to C. A. Ells &. Son, for a
fine Su.\n presented to us yesterday. It was a capital
specimen of this delicious fish, and was discussed with
much relish by the Editor’s “Home Circle.”
Macon Mechanics’ Society.
At a regular meeting of this Association, on the
3rd inst., the following officers were duly elected, for
the year 1552 :
A. Conway. President,
John J. Harris, Ist Vice President.
Julius Pkter, 2nd “ “
James Gallup, Treasurer.
David Toucey, Recording Secretary.
L. F. W. An irews, Corresponding Secretary.
The Library Committee will be elect'd at the next
regular meeting, to be held on January 17th.
———
State Mechanical Institute..
The Hill incorporating the ‘State Mechanical and
Manufactural Institute’ lias passed both Houses of the
Legislature.
S3S” We arc requsted to state that there will be a
preliminary meeting of the Board of Directors of this
Institute , this evening, at the Library Room of the
Mechanics’ Society at 7 1-2 o'clock. Also that there
w ill be another meeting on Tuesday evening the 20th
inst. at same place and hour, for the purpose of pre
paring a Premium List for the Ist State Mechanical
Fair in October next. A punctual attendance of every
member of the Hoard is urgently requested.
Democratic Convention.—The Democratic Nation
al Committee met at Washington Citv on Dec. 30th,
1851, and Ist Jan. when they passed a Resolution for
a Democratic National Convention to convene at
Baltimore on the Ist June, to nominate a Candidate
for the Presidency. The Hon. J. W. Jackson rep
resented Georgia in the Committee.
The Bth January. —This anniversary of the
victory at New Orleans, so glorious in our annals, was
duly celebrated in this city, on Thursday last, by the
Floyd Rifles, Capt. Iloss, and the Macon Volunteers,
Capt. Bivins. Tho companies made a fine display on
parade.
City Election.
The following is the vote for City officers, at the
election of Saturday last.
for mayor.
E. L. Strohecker, 258
Elijah Bond, 256
ALDERMEN.
R. 11. Hardaway, 450 Jno. L. Jones, 253
E. J. Johnston, 388 Martin Hall, 246
E. E. Brown, 387 Isaac Scott, 232
Wm. T. Mix, 323 11. K. Green, 219
L. N. Whittle, 316 R. A. L. Atkinson, 217
George Patten, 311 Thoa. L. Ross, 199
A. G. Host wick, 295
CLERK AND TREASURER. N.
A. R, Freeman, 429
CITY MARSHAL.
Jno. B. Gumming, 274 E. 11. Tillinghast, 10
George Lunsford, 227
DEPUTY MARSHALS.
11. W. Shaw, 283 J. McDonald, 111
A. K. Ilarman, 240 L. Phillips, 55
R. T. McGregor, 233 11. R Piper, 11
The Mayor and one Alderman elect belong
to the ‘* Southern Rights'’ party. Seven Aldermen,
the Marshal, and two Deputies are Union men. The
Clerk had no opposition. We felt, the other day,
on discovering that our friend Bond was defeated by
only 2 votes, that we could excoriate some of our lazy,
“do account ’’ Union men, for the consequences of
their supineness on this occasion. There were more
votes hist in this way, than would have given Bond
100 majority. Many were too late in getting to the
polls. Some neglected to register their names, and
thereby lost their votes. On the contrary. Mr. Stro
heeker was actively engaged in the canvass, for weeks.
Money was spent freely, in payment of taxes, to the
tune of hundreds of dollars, besides what was given in
“double X ” and “V” operations. Under all the
circumstances, we think it not strange that Mr. Bond
was defeated. The race he made was the best ever
made by any one, in this City, who did not treat, buy
votes, or pay other’s taxes ! He had .also to contend
with the “ cold water ” discouragements of two or
three prominent leaders of the Union party, who
publicly avowed their belief that he would be beaten
by 150 votes! It is no triumph, then, for Dr. Stro
hecker to have been elected Mayor. He is not placed
there by a majority of the people, nor does he repre
sent, individually, more than the fourth part of the
property or business interests of Macon. He is, how
ever, Mayor, by the forms of law ; and as such, should
be respected accordingly.
Bibb County Election.
The following is said to have been the result of an
election held in this county, on Monday lat. We
have no details of the affair and but little heart to pub
lish such, if we had them.
For Sheriff, DAVID J. DAVIS.
Clerk Superior Court, HENRY G. ROSS.
“ Inferior “ E. J. JEFFERS.
Ordinary, PHILEMON TRACY.
Tax Collector, R. A. CAIN.
“ Receiver, BENJ. RUSSELL.
Judges Inferior Court j” M - LUNDY,
( M. M. MASON.
Coron£r . J. A. SLOAN.
Surveyor, WM. WOOD.
Hurrah for the Constitutional Union Party of Bibb!
W e have met the enemy and “ce are theirs.' 1 ’ And
so it is in Muscogee, Monroe, Houston and every other
place we have yet heard from ! All this comes from
the wretched policy of the majority of the Georgia
Legislature, .in relation to various matters before them,
rlie people are disgusted, and disgusted people do not
care to go to the ballot box. In this extremity, what
shad be done? Shall we disband, secede, or “pick our
dints and try again ?” For ourselves, we arc deeply
engaged in trying to solve the question satisfactorily to
our own mind, “ who struck Billy Patterson When
we obtain a solution our readers shall have tho benefit
of it.
The New Council.
<>n W ednesday evening, tho late Council was
brought to a close, in an impressive and solemn m in
ner by the reading of ‘ Washington's Farewell Ad
dress to the Assembly, and a sine die adjournment,
whereupon, after a brief interregnum, the new Mayor
was sworn into office, by Justice Reed, and delivered a
neat and appropriate speech, pledging himself to do all
that lay in his power to promote the interests of the
city, and ‘as a man not to forget that he was an officer,
and as an officer not to forget that he was a man.’
1 lie Aldermen and other officers were then sworn in,
and took their respective stations. Os the farewell
address of his ex-honor, we must say a word. His
speech was a detailed review of the proceedings of the
Council, lor the year past, and presented a very satis
factory manifest of the financial condition of the Cor
poration, there having been paid over $20,000 of the
public debt, and leaving a handsome surplus in the
Treasury, after defraying all other expenses of the city.
Tl.e honorable gentleman has doubtless made a very
efficient Mayor, and lias devoted much of his time to
the interests of Macon, for which he deserves special
credit. A better officer we do not expect to get, although
we have no doubt of the ability of his successor. lie
hail also an able Council to support him in the govern
ment of the city. It was then right and proper that
his larewoll address should embody these facts in
his own peculiar way, ‘from gay to grave—from lively
to severe’—“from the stern demeanor of a Chief Magis
trate to the melting mood of man whose fountains if
feelingjtad been stirred from their very depths, by the
vote of thanks which had been tendered him by the
Board. May peace be with him !
The following officers were elected by the new Coun
cil :
John L. Jones, Chairman of Council; Jas. 11. Hard
away, Bridge keeper; Bertrand Tisser au, Sexton ;
Stephen Menard, Clerk of Market; D. C. Hodgkins,
Keeper Mag: zine ; Edward Tracy, City Surveyor ;
S TAHDKG CoMNIETEF.S.
On Finance. Jones, Whittle, Bostick.
On Streets. Johnston. Jones, Hardaway, Brown.
On Pumps. Fatten, Mix, Hardaway.
On Market. Whittle, Mix, IVtrn.
On Fire department. Brown, Bostick, Fatten.
On Rose Hill. Jones. Whittle.
On Public Property. Bostick, Johnston, Harda
way.
Movements of Kossuth.
We give, in another place, Kossuth’s address at
Washington, to Mr. Fillmore, and the reply of the
Frcsidci t thereto, tmrely as items of information for
the people. After some considerable discussion, tlie
House of Representatives passed a resolution of wel
come to the Hungarian, of the same or similar tenor
with that passed by the Senate. Nothing more will
probably be done by either House of Con gross, or the
President, in his behalf; and we are quite sure that as
much lias been done as is due to the distinguished
stranger. In the debates on the question of reception
of Kossuth, in the Senate and House, we are proud to
see the high position which Senators Berrien and
Dawson, and Representatives Johnson and Stephens,
have taken on this question. Mr. Stephens’ speech
is pronounced to have been the speech of the session.
He was opposed to the whole proceeding as out of
place, without precedent, and inexpedient. In fact,
Kossuth has fallen into bad hands; and the fever of
excitement, on his account, is fast subsiding. Ilia
intimate and confidential advisers are abolitionists !
Seward in the Senate, and Giddings and others in
the House, avow themselves ready to take up arms in
opposition to Russian intervention in the affairs of
Hungary. The principle once established, that the
United States have a theoretical right to meddle with
the affairs of European powers, and the transition is
easy to the practical exercise of the same right on the
part of the Northern States of this Confederacy, to
meddle with the affairs of their neighbors, South, on
the subject of slavery! This doctrine has already
been avowed by an abolition conveniion in Pennsylva
nia, in connection with the name of Kossuth, as will
appear from the following resolutions passed by that
body J
“ Resolted, That we heartily congratulate one
another, and the friends of liberty throughout the
land, upon the auspicious result of the recent trial of
Castner Ilauuwuy ; and that the efforts to revive in
this country the obsolete and infamous doctrine of
constructive treason, and to paralyze, by the terrors of
the dungeon and the scaffold, not merely the fugitive's
cherished hope of maintaining his freedom, but even
the liberty of the press and the freedom of speech on
the subject of slavery, have so signally failed ; and
that in the general rejoicing of the people, in view of
this result, we see an evidence of the progress of our
cause, and a sign of its future triumph.
“ Resolved, That the Convention recommend to
the Executive Committee of the Pennsylvania Anti-
Slavery Society to prepare an address, for presenta
tion to Louis Kossuth, expressive of sympathy with
him in his heroic devotion to the cause of human free
dom, and of earnest hope that his herculean labors in
this behalf will conduce to the overthrow of oppression,
not in Hungary alone, but in the United Stales, and
throughout the world.”
So we have it from the abolitionists, at whoso con
vention Giddings was present, that Louis Kossuth is
devoted to the cause of human freedom . and they wish
him abundant sueeess. “ not in Hungary alone, but in
the United States , and throughout the world’’! Very
well! When Kossuth succeeds in Hungary, he will
then be able to operate better in the United States!
But the madness and folly of Southern people and
Southern presses, in sympathizing with Kossuth’s
plans, and abusing all who will not bow down the
knee to this bewhiskered Baal , is to us most aston
ishing. It was the same with Ixipez. Ilis cause was
quite as good as that of Kossuth. With neither had
we of the United States an) - tiling to do. For our
interference in the one case, many a gallant spirit has
bit the dust in shame; and we much fear that a greater
calamity will befal us, as a people and a nation, if this
Kossuth crusade against European des|>otism is not at
once frowned down by the people. Already England
is threatened with war, because of her sympathy for
the oppressed of all nations but her own. The signs
of the times, also, indicate that V ranc* republican
France —will take sides with the allied lowers, in the
conflict! Is it not then our true policy tc send Kossuth
back whence he came, as soon as posable, and keep
ourselves clear of the impending storm which is brew
ins:. and in which he seeks to involve us ? * Such, it
appears to us, is the dictate of good svnse, and a sound
and safe policy; and especially so in the part of the
South.
Murder.-- a woman of the name of Bugg, was
murdered by Jim Forsyth, at (blumbus, a few nights
since. He shot her dead witA a child in her arms !
Forsyth escaped and passed down the Alabama river
DU Monday last.
Fantastles.—Look out, boys, for h“oe ‘out in full
urday next. The a speech. If that is
feather and “Speck’tn bare’ we have lost our guess!
not an attractive
Kail Road Conoexion,
Col. Jno. P. King, President of the Georgia Raj,
Road, is out tn the last ‘Recorder’ in favor of a i,
° r !he I ?°“ lh CaroU “ “ and O'"** B.n*£t
Augusta. Hts letter is addressed to Mr. Foster 0 f th
Senate, and is an able and convincing argument in &
tot of the free trade policy in the mauer of Ran*
roads. He proves, from reliable data, that such *
nexions are not disastrous to the general
but the contrary. He argues, also, that on
of reciprocity, Georgia should remove all obstruct *
to transit of trade, as she relies upon her sister s*-
of the West, Tennessee and Alabama, to open a r
communication with her Railroad improvement, w*
will endeavor to publish Col. King’s letter in „ Ur *
as the best exposition of the subject we have seen ‘ T’
fact, we are fast being converted to the policy 0 f °
strutting another Rail road from this city to the
tic- either direct to Charleston, on a line between'*
vannali and Augusta, or to Brunswick, because f *
compulsion the people of the interior are now u
to use the Central Railroad to reach the Atl tnt’ ”
Without any competition in transportation, t| )t . ,’ h i~
interests will always be at the mercy of
Corporations. Besides that, the increasing buim e
on this route will soon make another road not onl -’ **
ecssary but profitable. ’ ne
Election in Columbus.
The Municipal election of Saturday, in Columbia,
was considerably mixed. There were four candidate!
for Mayor, four for Marshal and three for Deputy Mbn
shal. J. L. Morton was elected Mayor, James M
Hughes Marshal, and A. M. Robinson Deputy. Tim
Aldermen elected are as follows:
Ist XS ard, Lewis M. Durr and Titos. B. Slads.
2d “ Dr. A. J. Robinson and Wm. Peri v.
3d “ Dr. T. Stewart and Thus, llogan.
4th “ R. C. Shorter and John Quin.
sth “ AA. Lowther and H. 11. Epping.
Cth Wm. Mathewson.
At the county election on Monday, Rutherford ■
elected Sheriff. The Union Ticket was beaten through
out. Surely the world is coning to an end !
llow is it ?
The N. Y. Tribune and other tchoes of Kossuth art
out in favor of this government withdrawing our min
ister from Paris, in consequence of Napoleon dissoh.
ing the French Assembly! Why so? Has not NV
polcon been elected President for ten years by the vom
of about two million majority of the French people’
Is liot this an approval of his course ? And is it not
an essential element of a republican government ths*
cox populi L vox Dei, or the voice of God, a, exprew.
ed by a majority of the people ? Why tLeu complain
of Napoleon for abolishing the assembly who wen,
plotting his overthrow and that of the republic! Ir w
intervene in this case it must be against the people of
France who have sustained Napoleon, and in /otsrof
a corrupt and treasonable assembly. Even admitting
that Napoleon transcended his pavers and meditates a
despotism, is it any of our business to interfere? We
care nothing for him, but we do thiuk that the Presi
dent of the United States will have little to do if hs
withdraw s our minister from France for any Nell cause.
Napoleon is still tile Presklent de facto —emperor if
you will—but as he is the only power now existing in
that country, we can, as a nation, hold no relations but
with its head. And any other idea would never have
been entertained had not the Kossuth mania raged and
fools beer, plenty!
HENRY CUT.
A correspondent of the Charleston Courier, of recent
date, says : *• Mr. Clay is panting with ardent desire to
lift his voice once more in the Senate, aud to warn
his countrymen of the dangers which wiil result from
the modern doctrines of intervention in European war,
and quarrels.” That would be a fitting conclusion ti
the* public life of the great Western Statesman, which
we trust a kind Providence will permit. We would
that his farewell words to the Senate and the people
of the Union could be heard, like those of the immor
tal Washington, in tones of solemn warning agaiast
“ entangling alliances ’’ with other nations. What a
picture for the canvass—what a scene for the artist—
would such an occasion, in the Senate of the Union,
present!
Arresl —Officer Harmon of the city Police sae
cceded on Widnesday evening last, in arres-ing four
suspicious characters, who have for some time best!
prowling about in the vicinity of Mac* hi. ‘ihey urn
charged with stealing slaves and harboring them. The
names of the persons arrested are Bright, King, An
drews and . The evidence, we leant, ir very
strong against some* of the gang.
From California.
The Cherokee arrived at New York on the ltir.t.
with $1,706,895 of gold on freight, and 350,000 in
hands of passengers, and with news from California U*
tile st!l December.
The prosperity of Sin Francisco wo arc fold *
never greater nor more c*neouraging. The condition
of her finances improve. On December Ist, forty
five thousand dollars of the fundc*d debt was paid off
at a cost of *mly twenty thousand two hundred and
forty dollars. In every branch of business we are t*4*l
in the Alta California, there is wealth and prosperity
—-her march is ‘onward and upward.’
Sc#tiS Weekly. —This large she* t has hwi*
sti.l further extended to Lsciathan proportions snd *
now decidedly the largest Family paper in the United
States, containing 40 columns 2 feet 6 1-2 inches long.
It is also otherwise improved in essential p.-irticu!.ir.
Die price is exceedingly low—s 2 per single copy —- l
copies for S2O to clubs. Address Andrew Scott, | iul “
linker, No. 115 Chesnut st„ Philadelphia.,
Georgia Legislature-
Bills Passed tr rut Senate.
The bill of the House to punish white m iles for Br
ing in a state of illicit connection with colored Iciiwkss
was passed.
Bill to fix the fees of Sheriffs, Constable* and Cr
oners in certain cases, and to provide for taxing the
same.
Bill to amend the charter of the Southwestern Rail
road Company, so as to allow said Company to con
struct bridges across the Chattahoochee river at such
points as that road or its branches may teach sid
river. Mr. Tomlin offered an amendment to the bill
which incorporates the Cherokee Railroad Company
from Rome to the Alabama State Line.
A bill to incorporate the Greensborough Fern*!*
College.
Bill to incorporate the Brownwood University in
the County of Troup.
Bill to incorporate the Americus Female Institute.
Bill to amend the act to compel the Banks of the
State to issue specie payments, and also the Superior
Court of Bibb county to appoint a Receiver for Octnu'’
gee Bank in place of Scot Cray, former Receiver, *a<l
to proeeed in all suits, vs. said Cray, &c.
Bill to authorize Sheriffs, Coroners, Trustees, Ad
ministrators, fco. to continue sale from day today.
Mr. Foster, from the select committee to whom
referred the bill for the government of the State L
reported a substitute for the same. I give yon the
stance of the substitute
Sec. 1, gives it the usual powers of incorporation.
Sec, 2, Office to be held at Atlanta, and all l' l ’? 3
tion to be decided in Dekalb county.
Sec. 3, Governor to appoint Superintendent. T *
surer and Auditor, to hold office until first ‘
1853. u
See. 4, Election Ist Monday in October next. ‘
three Commissioners, to hold office three years a- 1
be elected alternately.
See. 5, prescribes oath of Commissioner. ‘
or to fill vacancies—hold sessions every three m
and shall appoint Superintendent. W( J
Sec. 6, Superintendent shall appoint all
-oonduct business of the road in all its ’
make contracts for all punw-'o Supenn
_ - -oefs together at other time*
regular sessions, &c. &o.
This bill or substitute was passed in the Senate oi*
Tuesday evening, a correspondent informs “*•
f ** • ‘ •