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v4*fiji-iurM, ; .in.l, tmatU .to transfer t••Hu -
ih ni tmprijuinn to foreign und irresponsible agents, j
to the otin <’ triment of ,ur own cindttk Ith re
fers again most earnestly recommend the adoption of
specific duties, wherever it is practicable, or a home
valuation, to prevent these frauds.
i would also again call your att--nthoi to the foot that
the present tariff in some cases imposes a higher duty
upon the raw material imported than upon the article
manufactured from it, the consequence of which is
that the duty operates to the encouragement of the
foreigner and the discouragement of our own citizens.
Por full and detailed information in regard to the
general condition of our Indian affairs, I respectfully
refer you to the report of the Secretary of the Interior
and the accompanying documents.
The Senate not having thought proper to ratify the
treaties which had been negotiated with the tribes of
Indians iu California ar.d Oregon, our relations with
them have been left in a very unsatisfactory condition.
fn other parts of opr territory particular districts of
e untry have been set apart for the exclusive occupa
tion of the Indians, and their light to the lands within
those limits has been acknowledged and respected. —
But iu California and Oregon there lias been no recog
n.tion bv the Government of the exclusive right of
the Indians to atrv part of the country. They are
therefore mere tenants at sufferance, and liable to be
driven from plaee to place, at the pleasure of the
whites
The treaties which have- been rejected proposed to
remedy this evil by allotting to the different tribes dis
tricts of country suitable to their habits of file, and
sufficient for their support. This provision, mere than
any other, it is believed, led to their rejection ; and as
no substitute for it has been adopted by Congress, it has
not been deemed advisable to attempt to enter into
new t-eaties of a permanent character, although no
effort has been spared by temporary arrangements to
preserve friendly relations with them.
If it be the desire of Congress to remove them from
the country altogether, or to assign to them particular
districts more remote from the settlements of the
whites, it will be proper to set apart by law the terri
tory which they are to occupy, and to provide the
means necessary for removing them to it. Justice
alike to our own citizens and to the Indians requires
the prompt action of Congress on this subject.
The amendments proposed by the Senate, t<> the
treaties which were negotiated with the Sioux Indians
of Minnesota, have been submitted to the tribes who
were parties to them, and have received their assent.
A’ large tract of valuable territory has thus been opened
for settlement 1 and cultivation, and all danger of colli
sion with these powerful and warlike bands has been
happily removed.
The removal of the remnant of the tribe of Semi
nole Indians from Florida has long beeD a cherished
object of the Government, and it is one to which my
attention has been steadily directed. Admonished by
past experience of the difficulty and eost of the at
tempt to remove them by military force, resort has
been bad to conciliatory measures. 13y the invitation
of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs several of the
principal chiefs recently visited Washington, and
whilst here acknowledged in writing the obligation of
their tribe to remove with the least possible delay.—-
Late advices from the special agent of the Government
represent that they adhere to their promise, and that
a council of their people has been called to make their
preliminary arrangements. A general emigration
may therefore be confidently expected at an early day.
The report from the General Land Office shows
increased activity in its operations. The survey of the
northern boundary of lowa has been completed with
unexampled despatch Within the last year 2.522.953
acres of public land have been surveyed, and 8,032,463
acres brought into market.
In the last fiscal year there were sold 1,553,071 acres.
Located with bounty land warrauts 3,201,314 “
Located w ith other certificates 115,682 “
Making a total of 4,870,067 “
In addition, there were—
Reported under swamp land grants 5,219,15S “
For internal improvements, rail
roads, Arc., 3,025.920 “
Making an aggregate of 13.115,175 ‘*
Being an increase in the amount of lands sold and
located under land warrants of 569,220 acres over the
previous year.
The w hole amount thus sold, located under land
warrants, reported under swamp land grants, and se.
Iceted for internal improvements, exceeds that of the
previous year by 3,342,372 acres; and the sales would,
without doubt, have been much larger but for the ex
tensive reservations for railroads in Missouri, Missis
sippi, and Alabama.
For the quarter ending 30th September, 1852, there
were sold 243,255 acres.
Located with bounty land warrants 1,387,116 “
Located w ith other certificates 15 649 “
Reported under swamp land grants 2,485,233 “
Making an aggregate for ihe quar
ter of “ 4,131.253 “
Much the larger poition of the labor of arranging
and classifying the returns of the last census has been
finished, and it will now devolve upon Congress to
make the. necessary provision for the publication of the
results in such form as shall be deemed best. The ap
portionment of representation, on the basis of the new
eensus, has been made by the Secretary of the Inte
rior in eonforiniiy with the provisions of law relating
to that subject, and the recent elections have been made
in accordance w ith it.
1 commend to your favorable regard the suggestion
contained in the report of the Secretary of the Inte
rior that provision be made by law for the publication
and distribution, periodically, of an analytical digest of
all the patents which have been, or may hereafter be,
granted for useful inventions and discoveries, with such
descriptions and illustrations as may be necessary to
present an intelligible view of their nature and opera
tion. The cost of such publication could easily be de
layed out of the patent fund, and I am persuaded that
it could be applied to no object more acceptable to in
ventors and beneficial to the public at large.
An appropriation of $.100,000 hawing been made at
the last session for the purchase of a suitable site, and
f< r the erection, furnishing, and fitting up of an Asy
lum for the Insane of the District of Columbia, and of
the Army and Navy of the United States, the proper
measures have been adopted to carry this benifievnt
purpose into effect.
lly the latest advices from the Mexican Boundary
Commission it appears that ihe survey of the river Gi
la. from it.- confluence with the Colorado to its sup
posed intersection with the western line of New Mexi
co. has seem completed. The survey of the Rio Grande
ha aiso been finished from ihe point agreed on by the
Commissioners as ‘ the point where itstrik.-s the south
ern boundary of New Mexico.’ to a point one hundred
and thirty-five miles below Eagle Pass, which is about
tw.-tbirds of the distance along the course of the Uiv
i its mouth.
The appropriation which was made at the last ses
sion of Conans* for the continuation of the survey is
■ übjeet to the following proviso:
• Promded, That no part of this appropriation shall
be us and nr expended until it shall be made satisfactori
ly to npp-or to the President of the United States, that
•t.i- southern boundary ot New Mexico is not estab
lished by tbe commissioner an 1 surveyor of the United
S ales father north of the town called * Paso,’ than the
same is laid down in DisturneU’s map, which is added
to the treaty.’
.1 v r m otion was drawn to this subject by a report
th*’ Ib-partmcHt of the Interior, which reviewed
.!! tJ ■ ac sos ihe cuvse, and submitted for my decision
tin* rju “ti*ti whether, under existing circumstances,
any part ot the appropriation could be lawfully used or
•xpended for the further prosecution of the work.—
Alter a careful consideration cf the subject, I came to
■he conclusion that it could not; and so informed the
head ’>t that Department Orders were immediately
H.-ued by him to the commissioner and surveyor to
tnk< n< further requisitions on the Department, as
tin could not be paid ; and to discontinue all opera- j
“.'ii.” ”ii the southern line of New Mexico. But as the i
• ii totem had no exact information as to the amount
f provision*and money which remained unexpended j
*• hands of the commissioner and Surveyor, it was
. ■ : beret ionary with them to contiuue the survey
. a tin Rio Grande as far as tile means at their dis
!"-■ ouldenai le them, or at once to disband the
Con,mission. A special messenger has since arrived
’ln < fficer in charge of the survey oO the river,
iifiii mat ion that the funds subject to his control !
•ere exluttWod, aqd that the otfioers apd others cm- j
ployed in the eueice were destitute, alike of the
! means of prosecuting the work and of returning to their
homes.
The object of the proviso was doubtless toarrest the
survey of the southern and western lines of New Mex
ico, in regard to which different opinions have been
expressed ; tor it is hardly to be supposed that there
could be any objection to that part of the line which
extends along the channel of the Rio Grande. But
the terms of the law are so broad as to forbid the use
of any part of the money for the prosecution of the
work, or even for the payment, to the officers and
i agents, of the arrearages of pay which are justly due
i to ihem.
; I earnestly invito your prompt attentention to this
subject, and recommend a modification of the terms of
! the proviso so as to enable the Department to use as
much of the appropriation as will be necessary to dis
charge the existing obligations of the Government,
and to complete the survey of the Rio Grande to its
mouth.
It will also be proper to make further provision by
law for the fulfillment of our treaty with Mexico for
running and marking the residue of the boundary line
octween the two countries.
Permit me to invite your particular attention to the
interests of the District ot Columbia, which are con
tided by the Constitution to your peculiar care.
Among the measures which seem to me of the great
est importance to its prosperity are the introduction of
a copious supply of water into the city of Washington,
and the constructions of suitable bridges across the
Potomac, to replace those which were destroyed by
high water in the early part of the present year.
I At the last session of Congress an appropriation was
i made to defray the cost of the surveys necessary for
determining the best means of affording an unfailing
supply of good and w holesome water. Some progress
has been made in the survey and as soon as it is com
pleted the result will be laid before you.
Further appropriations will also be necessary for
! grading and paving the streets and avenues, and en
closing, and embellishing the public grounds within the
city of Washington.
I commend ail these objects, together with the char
itable institutions of the Distrist, to your favorable re
gard.
i Every effort has been made to protect our frontier,
1 and that of the adjoining Mexican States, from the in
cursions of the Indian tribes. Os about 11,000 men
of which the army is composed, nearly 8,000 are em
ployed in the defence of the newly acquired territory,
(including Texas,) and of emigrants proceeding there
to. I am gratified to say that these efforts have been
unusually successful. With the exception of some par
tial outbreaks in California and Oregon, and occasion
al degradations on a portion of the Rio Grande, owing,
it is believed, to the disturbed state of that border re
| gion, the inroads of the Indians have been effectually
restrained.
Experience has shown, however, that whenever the
two races are brought into contact, collisions will in
; evitablv occur. To prevent these collisions, the Uni
! ted States have generally set apart portions of their
Territory for the exclusive occupation of the Indian
tribe*. A difficulty occurs, however, in the applica
nt nos this policy to Texas. By the terms of the com
pact by which that State was admitted into the Union,
she retained the ow nership of all the vacant lands
; w ithin her limits. The government of that State, it
I is understood, has assigned no portion of her territory
to the Indians; but as last as her settlements advance
lays it off into Counties, and proceeds to survey and
| sell it. This policy manifestly tends, not only to alarm
and irritate the Indians, but to compel them to resort
to plunder for subsistence. It also deprives this Gov
ernment of that influence and control over them with
-1 out, which no durable peace can ever exot between them
and the whites. I trust, therefore, that a due regard
for her own interests, apart from considerations of hu
manity and justice, will induce that State to assign a
small portion of her vast domain for the provisional
I occupancy of the small remnants of tribes within her
; borders, subject of course, to her ownership aud event
i ual jurisdiction. If she should fail to do this, the ful
| Aliment of our treaty stipulations with Mexico, and our
duty to the Indians themselves, w ill it is feared, become
a subject of serious embarrassment to the Government.
It is hoped, however, that a timely and just provision
| by Texas may avert this evil.
No appropriations for fortifications were made at the
two last sessions of Congress The cause of this
omission is, probably, to be found in a growing belief
that the system of fortifications adopted in 1816, and
j heretofore acted on. requires revision.
The subject certainly deserve* full and careful in
i vestigation ; but it should not be delayed longer than
; can be avoided. In the meantime there are certain
i works which have been commenced, some of them
nearly completed ; designed to protect our principal
seaports from Boston to New’ Orleans, and a few oth
■er important points. In regard to the necessity for
these works, it is believed, that little difference of opin
ion exists among military men. I therefore recom
mend tliat the appropriations necessary to prosecute
1 them be made.
1 invite your attention to the remarks on this subject,
and on others connected with this Department, con
contained iu the accompanying report of the Secretary
of War.
Measures have been taken to earry into effect the
law of the last session making provision for the iin
provenn nt of certain rivers and harbors, and it is be
lieved that the arrangements made for that purpose will
combine efficiency with economy. Owing chiefly to
the advanced season when the act was passed, little
| yet been done in regard to many of the works be
yond making the necessary preparations. With re
spect to a few of the improvements, the sums already
appropriated will suffice to complete them, but most of
them will require additional appropriations. 1 trust
that these appropriations will be made, and that this
w ise and beneficent policy, so auspiciously resumed,
will be continued. Great care should be taken, how
ever, to commence no work which is not of sufficient
importance to the commerce of the country to be view
ed as national in its character. But works which have
been commenced should not be* discontinued until com
pleted, as otherwise the sums expended will, in most
cases, be lost.
The report from the Navy Department wiil inform
you of the prosperous condition of the branch of the
public service committed to its charge. It presents
to your consideration many topics and suggestions of
which I ask your approval. It exhibits an unusual de
gree of activity in the operations of the Department
during the past year. The preparations for the Japan
expedition, to winch I have already alluded ; the ar
rangements made for the exploration and survey of the
China Seas, the Northern Pacific, & Behring’s Straits;
the incipient measures taken towards a reeonnoissance
of the continent of Africa eastward of Liberia ; the pre
paration for an early examination of the tributaries of
the River La Plata, which a recent decree of the pro
visional chief of the Argentine Confederation has open
ed to navigation ; all those enterprizes, and the means
by which they are proposed to be accomplished, have
commanded my full approbation, and I have no doubt
will be productive of in- st useful results.
Two officers of the navy were heretofore instructed
to explore the whole extent of the Amazon river from
the confines ot Peru to iis mouth. The return of one
of them has placed in the possession of the Govern
ment an interesting and valuable account of the char
acter and resources of a country abounding in the ma
terials of commerce, and which, if opened to the in
dustry of tile world, will prove an inexhaustible fund
of wealth. The report of this exploration will be com
municated to you as soon as it is completed-
Among other subjects offered to your notice by the
Secretary of the Navy, 1 select for special commenda
tion, in view of its connexion with the interests of the
navy, the plan submitted by him lor the establishment
of a permanent corps of seamen, and the suggestions
he has presented for the reorganization of the Naval
Academy.
In refc rrenre to the first of these, I take occasion to
say that I thing it will greatly improve the efficiency
ot the service, and that 1 regard it as still more enti
tled to lavor for tlie salutary influence it must exert
upon the naval discipline, now greatly disturbed by
the increasing spirit ot iusubordination. resulting from
our present system. The plan piopoged for the organ
ization of the seamen furnishes a judicious substitute
for the law of September, 1850, abolishing corporal
punishment, and satisfactorily sustains the policy of that
act, under conditions well adapted to maintain the au
thority of command and the order and security, of our
ships It is believed that any change which proposes
permanently to dispense with this mode of punishment,
should be preceded by a system of enlistment which
shall supply thu uavy with seamen of the most meri
torious class, whose good deportment and pride of cha
racter may preclude ail occasion for a resort to penal
ties of a harsh or degrading nature. The safety of a
ship and her crew is often dependant upon immediate
obedience to a command, and the authority to enforce
it must be equally ready. The arrest of a refractory
seamen, in such moments, not only deprives the ship
of indespensible aid, but imposes a necessity for double
service on others whose fidelity to their duties may be
relied upon in such an emergency. The exposure to
this increased and arduous labor, since the passage of
the act of 1850, has already had, to a most observable
and injurious extent, the effect of preventing the en
listment of the beat seamen in the navy. The plan
now suggested is designed to promote a condition of
service in which this objection will no longer exist.
The details of this plan may be established in great
part, if not altogether, by the Executive, under the au
thority of existing laws; but I have thought it proper,
in accordance with the suggestion of the Secretary ol
the Navy, to submit it to your approval.
The establishment of a corps of apprentices for the
navy, or boys to be enlisted until they become of age,
and to be employed under sueh regulations as the Na
vy Department may devise, as proposed in the report,
I cordially approve and commend to your considera
tion ; and I also concur in the suggestion that this sys
tem for the early training of seamen may be most use
fully engrafted upon the service of our merchant ma
rine.
The other proposition of the report to which I have
referred —the reorganization of the Naval Academy —
I recommend to your attention as a project worthy of
your encouragement and support. The valuable ser
vices already rendered by this institution entitle it to
the continuance of your fostering care.
Your attention is respectfully called to the report
of the Postmaster General for the detailed operation
of his Department during the last fiscal year, front
which it will be seen that the receipts from postages
for that time were less by $1,431,696 than fur the pre
ceding fiscal year, being a decrease of about 23 per
cent.
This diminution is atributable to the reduction in
the rates of postage made by the act of March 3, 1851,
which reduction took effect at the commencement of
the last fiscal year.
Although in its operation during the last year the
act referred to has not fulfilled the predictions of its
triends by increasing the correspondence of the country
in proportion to the reduction of postage, I should
nevertheless question the policy of returning to higher
rates. Experience warrants the expectation that as
the community becomes accustomed to cheap postage,
correspondence will increase. It is believed that from
this cause, and from the rapid growth of the country
in population and business, the receipts of the Depart
ment must ultimately exceed its expenses, and that the
country may safely rely upon the continuance of the
present cheap postage.
In former messages I have among other things res
pectfully recommended to the consideration of Con
gress the propriety and necessity of further legislation
for the protection and punishment of foreign Consuls
residing in the United States; to revive with certain
modifications the act of 10th March, 1838, to restrain
unlawful military expeditions against the inhabitants of
conterminous States or territories; for the preserva
tion and protection from mutilation or theft of the pa
pers, records, and archives ol the nation ; for author
izing the surplus revenue to be applied to the pay
ment of the public debt in advance of the time when it
will become due; for the establishment of land offices
for the sale of public lands in California and the terri
tory of Oregon ; for the construction of a rood from
the Mississippi valley to the Pacific ocean ; for the es
tablishment of a bureau of agriculture for the promo
tion of that interest, perhaps the most importaant in
the country; for the prevention of frauds upon the
Government in applications for pensions and bounty
lands ; for the establishment of a uniform fee bill, pre
scribing a specific compensation for every service re
quired of clerks, district attornej 8 and marshals ; for
authorizing and additional regiment of mounted men,
for the defence of our frontiers against the Indians,
and for fulfilling our treaty stipulations with Mexico to
defend her citizens against the Indians ‘ with equal dil
igence and energy as our own for determining the
relative rank between the naval and civil officers of
our public ships, and between the officers of the Army
and Navy in the various grades of each ; for recog
nizing the naval establishment by fixing the number of
officers iu each grade, and providing fora retired list
upon reduced pay of those unfit for active duty ; for
prescribing and regulating punishments in the navy;
for the appointment of a commission to revise the pub
lic statutes of the United States, by arranging them in
order, supplying deficiencies, correcting incongruities,
simpliyiug their language, and reporting them to Con
gress for its final action, and for the establishment of a
commission to adjudicate and settle private claims
against the United States. lain nut aware, however,
that any of these subjects have been finally acted upon
by Congress. Without repeating the reasons for leg
islation on these subjects which have been assigned in
former messages, I respectfully recommend them again
to your favorable consideration.
1 think it due to the several Excutive Departments
of this Government, to bear testimony to the efficien
cy and integrity with which they are conducted. —
With all the careful superintendence which is possible
for the Heads of those Departments to exercise, still
the due administration and guardianship of the public
money must very much depend on the vigilance, intel
ligence, and fi led y of the subordinate officeis and
clerks, and especially on those entrusted w ith the set
.tlement and adjustment of claims and accounts. lam
gratified to believe that they have generally performed
their duties faithfully and well. They are appointed
to guard the approaches to the public Treasury, and
they occupy pi*sitions that expose them to all the temp
tations and seductions which the cupidity of specula
tors and fraudulent claimants can prompt them to em
ploy.
It will be but a wise precaution to protect the Gov
ernment against that source of mischief and corruption I
its far as it can be done, by the enactment of all proper
legal penalties. The laws, in this respect, are sup
posed to be defective, and I therefore deem it my du
ty to call your attention to the subject, and to recom
mend that provision be made by law for the punish
ment not only of those who shall accept bribes, but al
so of those who shall either promise, give, or offer to
give to any of those officers or clerks a bribe or reward j
touching or relating to any matter of their official ac
tion or duty.
It has been the uniform policy of this Government
from its foundation to the present day, to abstain from
all interference in the domestic affairs of other nations.
The conseqiece has been that while the nations of
Europe have been engaged in desolating wars, our
country has pursued its peaceful course to unexampled
prosperity and happiness. The wars iu which we j
have been compelled to engage, in defence of the rights
and honor of the country, have been fortunately of
short duration. During the terrific contest of nation
against nation, which succeeded the French revolu
tion, we were enabled by the wisdom and firmness of
President Washington to maintain our neutrality.— j
While other nations were drawn into this wide sweep
ing whirlpool, we sat quiet and unmoved upon our
own shores.
While the flower of their numerous armies was
wasted by disease or perished by hundreds of thorn*- !
ands upon the battle-field, the youth of this favored
land were permitted to enjoy the blessings of peace
beneath the paternal roof. While the States of Eu
rope incurred enormous debts, under the burden of i
which their subjects still groan, and which must ab
sorb no small part of the product of the honest indus
try of those countries for generations to come, the Uni
ted States have once been enabled to exhibit the proud
spectacle of a nation free from publio debt; and, if
permitted to pursue our prosperous way for a few years
longer iu peace, we may do the same again.
But it is now eaid by some that this policy must be
changed. Europe is no longer separated from us by a
voyage of mouths, but steam navigation has brought
her within a few days’ sail of our shores. We see
more of her movements, and tike a deeper interest in i
her controversies.
Although no one proposes that we should join the
fraternity of potentates who have forages lavished the
blood and treasure of their subjects in maintaining
‘the balance of power,’ yet it is said that we ought to
interfere between contending sovereigns and their sub
jects, for the purpose of overthrowing the monarchies
of Europe and establishing in their place republican
institutions. It is alleged that we have heretofore pur
sued a different course from a sense of our weakness
but that now our conscious strength dictates a change
of policy,, and that it is consequently our duty to min
gle in these contests and aid those who are struggling j
for liberty. * |
This is a most seductive but dangerous appeal to ;
the generous sympathies of treemen. Enjoying as
we do the blessings of a free government, there is no
man who has an American heart that would not re
joice to see these blessings extended to all other na
tions. We cannot witness the struggle between the
oppressed and his oppressor anywhere without the
deepest sympathy for the former, and the most anxious
desire for his triumph. Nevertheless, is it prudent or
is it wise to involve ourselves in these foreign wars ?
Is it indeed true that we have heretofore refrained
from doing so merely Horn the degrading motive of a
conscious weakness ?
For the honor of the patriots who have gone before
us, I cannot admit it. Men of the Revolution who
drew the sword against the oppressions of the mother
country, and pledged to Heaven ‘their lives, their for
tunes, and their sacred honor’ to maintain their free
dom, could never have been actuated by so unworthy a
motive. They knew no weakness or fear where right
or duty pointed the way, and it is a libel upon their j
fair fame fur us, while we enjoy the blessings for which :
they so nobly fought aud bled, to insinuate if.
The truth is that the course which they pursued was
dictated by a stern sense of international justice, by a
statesmanlike prudence and a far-seeing wisdom, look
ing not merely to the present necessities, but to the
permatent safety and interest of the country. They
knew that the world is governed less by sympathy j
than by reason and force; that it was not possible for
this nation to become a ‘propagandist’ of free princi
ples without arraying against it the combined powers
of Europe; and that the result was more likely to be
the overthrow ol republican liberty here than its es
tablishment there.
History has been written in vain for those who oan
doubt this. France had no K>nr established a repub
lican form of government than she manifested a desire
to force its blessings on all the world. Her own his
torian informs us that, hearing of some petty acts of
tyranny in a neighboring principality, “The National
Convention declared that she would afford succor and
fraternity to all nations who wished to recover their
liberty ; and she gave it in charge to the executive pow
er to give orders to the generals of tbe French armies
to aid all citizens who might have been or should be
oppressed in the cause of liberty.
Here was the false step which led toller subsequent
misfortunes. She soon found herself involved in war
with all the rest of Europe. Iu less than ten years
her government was changed from a republic to an
empire, and finally after sheddiug rivers of blood, for
eign powers restored Iver exiled dynasty, and exhaust
ed Enro|x‘ sought peace and repose in the unquestioned
ascendency of monarchical principles. Let us learn
wisdom from her example. Let us remember that
revolutions do not always establish freedom. Our
own free institutions were not the offspring of our
Revolution.
They existed before. They were planted in the
free charters of self-government under which the En*
glish colonies grew up, and our Revolution only freed
us from the dominion of a foreign power, whose gov
ernment was at variance with those institutions. But
European nations have had no sueh training for self
government, and every effort to establish it by bloody
revolutions has been, and must, without tbit prepara
ration, continue to be a failure. Liberty, unregulated
by law, degenerates into anarchy, which soon becomes
the most horrid of all despotisms. Our policy is wise
ly to govern ourselves, and thereby to set such an ex
ample of national justice, prosperity, and true glory, as
shall teach to all nations the blessings of self govern
ment, and the onparaled enterprise and success of a
free people.
We I ive in an age of progress, and ours is emphati
cally a country of progress. Within the last half cen
tury, number of States in this Union has nearly dou
bled, the population has almost quadrupled, and our
boundaries Imvebeen extended from the Mississippi to
the Pacific. Our territory is chequered over with
rail-roads, and furrowed with canals. The inveutive
talent of our country is excited to the highest pitch, and
the numerous applications for patents lor valuable im
provements distinguish this age and this people from all
others.
The genius of one American has enabled our com
merce to move against wind and tide, and that of a
nother has anihilated distance in the transmission of
intelligence. The whole country is full of enterprise.
Our common schools are diffusing intelligence among
the people, and our industry is fast accumulating the
comforts of and luxuries of life.
This is in part owing to our peculiar position, to our
fertile soil, and comparitively sparse population; but
much of it is also owing to the popular institutions un
der which we live, to the freedom which every man
feels to engage in any useful pursuit, according to liis
taste or inclination, and to the entire confidence that
his person aud property will be protected by the laws.
But whatever may be the cause of this unparalelled
growth in population, intelligence, ami wealth, one
thing is clear, that the Government must keep pace
with tlie progress of the people.
It niu;-t participate in their spirit of enterprise, and
while it exacts obedience to the laws, add restrains all
unauthorized invasions of tlie rights of neighboring
States, it should foster and protect home industry, and
lend its powerful strength to the improvement of such
means of iiitercominunuation as are necessary to pro
mote our internal commerce, and strengthen the ties
which bind us tog.ther ns a people.
It is not strange, however much it may be regret
■ ted, that such an exuberance of enterprise should cause
some individuals to mistake change for progress, and
the invasion of the rights of others, for national prowess
; and glory. The former are constantly agitating for
j some change in the organic law, or urging new and
untried theories of human rights. The latter are
i ever ready to engage in any wild crusade against a
neighboring people, regardless to tlie justice of the en-
I terprise. and without looking at tlie fatal consequences
| to ourselves and to the cause of popular government.
| Sueh expeditions, however, are often stimulated by
! mercenary individuals, who expect to share the profit
or plunder of the enterprise without exposing them
selves to danger, and are led on by some irresponsible
foreigner, who abuses tbe hospitality of our own Gov
ernment by seducing the young and ignorant to join
in his scheme of jiersonal ambition or revenge, under
the false and delusive pretence of extending tlie area
of freedom.
These reprehensible aggressions but retard the truv
progress of our nation and tarnish its fair lame. They
should, therefore, receive the indignant frowns of every
good citizen who sincerely loves his country and takes
a pride in its prosperity and honor.
Our Constitution, though not perfect, is doubtless
the best that ever was formed. Therefore let every
proposition to change it be well weighed, and, if found
beneficial, cautiously adoptod. Every patriot will re
joice to see its authority so exerted as to advance the
prosperity ami honor of the nation, whilst he will
watch with jealousy any attempt to mutilate this char
ter of our liberties, or pervert its powers to acts of
aggression or injustice.
Thus shall conservatism and progress blend their
harmonious action in preserving the form and spirit of
the Constitution, and at the same time earry forward
tlie great improvements of the country with a rapidi
ty and energy winch freemen only can display.
11l closing this, my annual communication, permit
me, fellow-citizens, to congratulate you on the prospe
rous condition of our beloved country. Abroad its
relations with all foreign powers are friendly; its
rights are respected, and its high plaee in the family
nations cheerfully recognized. At homo we enjoy an
amount of happiness, public and private, which has
probably never fallen to the lot of any other people.
Besides affording to our own citizens a degree of pros
perity, of which on so large a scale I know of no
other instance, our country is annually affording a ref
uge and a home to multitudes, altogether without ex
ample, from the Old World.
We owe these blessings, under Heaven, to the hap
py Constitution and Government which were bequeath
ed to us by our lathers, and which it is our sacred
duty to transmit in all their integrity to our children.
We must all consider it a great distinction and privi
lege to have been chosen by the people to bear a part
in the administration of such a Government. Called
by an unexpected dispensation to its highest trust, at
a season of embarrassment and alarm, I entered
upon its arduous duties with extreme diffidence. I
claim only to h ive discharged them to the best of an
humble ability, with a single eye to tbe public good ;
and it is with devout gratitude, in retiring from office,
that I leave the country in a state of peace and pros
perity. MILLARD FILLMORE.
Washington, December 6 ( 1852.
The Victory.
A stranger coming just now into tlio country might
inquire whence all these signs of triumph— whence
this exultation ? What battle, indicated by by cannon
belching forth flame, has been gained t —whence these
bonfires, and this extra imbibition of alcohol ? He might
ask whether some great victory over a foreign foe had
been gained, or an important civil measure, vindica
ting American policy against foreign interests, been es
tablished.
The answer would be that the victory has been one
gained by a portion of the American people, over a
man who devoted the whole of his file to their service,
and who yet carries on his body the sears, and in his
body the bullets of the enemy—a victory won to grut
fy the capitalists of England in their warfare against
American mechanics and workingmen— a victory which
will gladden the “ London Times,” and kindle bonfires
in Liverpool, Manchester and Birmingham. That a
man has been defeated by Americans, whom neither
Indians nor British, nor Mexicans could conquer. —
This is the glory —this the triumph !
The result has taken no one by surprise. It has
long been evident that Locofoeo thirst for office, and
British gold, had done their woik, and that Scott,
whom no foreign foe could defeat, was to be beaten by
his own countrymen.
The victory has been gained by the party which
avow as their watchword, the motto that, “ to the vic
tors belong the spoils,”—a party that Calhoun (who
; knew them well,) long since declared was held together
bv the cohesive power of public plunder. It has held
I them together during the fight, but whether it will
keep them together is another question.
New coines the scramble for office. The Locofoeo
party, deprived of their accustomed sustenance—the
i treasury pap by which they live, —(or four years will
leap upon the spoils like a hungry panther upon his
prey—like a pack of wolves, their eyes glaring, and
ribs prominent through famine, upon a sheep fold.—
How to satisfy them all, or any considerable ortion of
them, will make a more uneasy pillow for Franklin
Pierce than the rocks on which he fainted in Mexico.
Lean and hungry candidates for office will spring up in
every quarter. Every town will have its meritorious
men, who, in their own estimation, will have large
claims upon the spoils. Individuals will suddenly dis
cover in themselves a fitness for office and will surprise
their neighbors by the announcement. Embryo for
eign ministers and Charges, heads of bureaus, consuls,
clerks, custom house officers, and postmasters, are al
ready wriggling as grubs before'passing on to the va
rious stages which end in the full blown official butter
fly. What proportion will perish on the way may be
easily reckoned, where there is on an average a score
of applicants to a single office. But let the loving
democracy now fight it out. The Whigs have at least
the consolation, that they can look at the strnggle with
indifference, and in each Locofooo fight for some par
ticular bone, as the combatants snarl and show their
teeth, they can preserve the dignified equanimity of
the lady who when her husband was engaged in mor
tal oombat with a bear, remarked, that it was the first
fight she had ever seen in which she did'nt care which
whipped.— Reading Journal.
From the Scientific American.
Materials for EnildiDgr Houses.
We have received communications relative to build
ing houses, the most economical materials to employ,
&e. There is a natural law which comes into opera
tion in man at a certain age—that law is self reliance.
It is this law which prompts all men to love their own
firesides best, and which causes grief and many un*
pleasant forebodings, w hen the heart is not satified,
because it hath no Ingleslde it call call its own, round
which loved and happy faces sit and sing, and call it
“ home.’’
A man is relieved of many cares when he has a
free home and fireside of his own. It would add great
ly to the happiness of every honest and indui-trious
man if he was lord of his own house, the baron of his
own cottage. In and ur<>und our cities this is possible
to a vety limited number of our workers. The causes
which operate against this are the high price of build
ing lots and materials for building with. Timber is
becoming dearer every year, and will continue to do so.
Bricks are high in price, so is iron and stone. Is there
no other building material which is cheaper, and which
will answer a good purpose ? There is. Mr. Fowler,
of the linn of Fowlers & Wells, of this city, with his
real practical mind, has built a house near Fish kill, on
the Hudson river, the walls of which are made of pre
pared gravel. The cheapness of the material, the
unique character and comforts of the building have
engaged much attention. Walls two hundred and
fifty six-feet in circumference, and eleven feet four
inches high, cost $79 to put up, and this amounts to as
many feet as are embraced in a house 45 feet long, 25
feet wide, and 21 feet high—two stories and a half. —
The materials of which the walls are made are com
pounded of eight bushels slacked lime, sixteen bushels
of sand, and about sixty bushels of fine and coarse grav
el. This is thoroughly mixed up up tog> tiler in a bed
(o a proper consistency, and laid up in walls with stan
dard guide boards, braces, &c., to lay the wall solid
and str .ight. This wall has stood summer heats and
winter Irosts well. It is plastered inside and out, and
is both computable and solid.” The inside walls are
made of studs lathed and plastered, but we only refer
to the outside wall as being made of cheap material,
which is asserted to stand the weather perfectly and is
getting harder and better every day. Messrs. Fow
lers Wells have published a small book entitled 44 A
Home for All,” which contains diagrams and a full
description of the whole method of building such a
house. We have a strong predilection for brown free
stone as a building material, but it is far too dear for
common houses. Many improvements in brick ma
chines have been made within a few years, but the
price of bricks is still high. Some buildings are now
being erected in this city of drab colored bricks, hut we
like the red kind better. Every improvement which
is made to cheapen the materials for building houses,
adds greatly to the comfort and happiness of the peo
ple, because many are thereby enabled to secure homes
for themslves, which otherwise they would not be able
to do.
From the Southern Recorder.
Help Greatly Needed.
The number of pupils in the Asylum for the
Deaf and Dumb is comparatively small because
the friends of humanity in the State feel 90 lit
tle interest in behalt of this unfortunate class.
To many of them, it is in vain that the State
has prepared an Asylum and furnished it with
teachers, at great expense. They know not
of its advantages and never will reap them un
less the public mind can be aroused from the
apathy which exists upon this subject. Though
the institution, in its various appointments, is
all the people of Georgia could desire it to be,
it is believed that at least one hundred dealmutes
are scattered throughout the different conn,
ties, between the ages of ten and thirty, gro
ping their way in darkness—mental and spir
itual darkness—because no friendly hand is
reached out to conduct them to it. The writer
for a few months passed has addressed friends
on this subject in most parts of the State. In
some instances, these letters have not been an
swered. What shall be done ? Will not some
intelligent gentleman or lady, in each county
look alter the deaf and dumb within their reach
—inform them of the advantages lisld out to
them by our Asylum, and induce their parent.*
to send them ? It wouid afford great pleasure
to give all necessary information to any who
may desire it. Iti the efforts, which lam thus
voluntarily making, for the benefit of this unfor
tunate class, help is greatly needed. Indeed,
I cannot hope to succeed, unless help is affor
ded.
The next term at the Asylum will commence
about the first of Feb. next. The writer calls
earnestly upon the humane citizens of his native
State, from seaboard to the mountains, to act
promptly with reference to this matter. And
he once more pledges himself to convey to the
institution any who may be placed under his
care, or to see that it is done bv safe hands.
J. H. CAMPBELL.
Lumpkin, Stewart Cos. Nov. 11, 1852.
Many pant for the prize, but will not run in the
race.
Wisdom is a palace, of which only the vesti
bule has yet been entered.
Deference is the most complicate, the most
indirect and most elegant of all compliments.
Exploration of Red River.
The following letter from Capt. Marcy to the
Hon. R. W. Johnson, of Arkansas, is pub
lished in the Little Rock True Democrat. It
gives some interesting particulars relative to a
region heretofore but little known :
New York, Sept. 25, 1852.
My Dear Sir : —Notwithstanding the ma
ny and contradictory rumors concerning my
massacre by the Indians, I have at last reached
the civilized world safe and sound.
As you took such a kind interest in my suc
cess previous to my departure from Washing
ton. I have no doubt you will be gratified to
learn that I made a very fortunate, and, I think,
satisfactory expedition, aecomp'ishing aii and
more than was required by my instructions.
I ascended all the principal branches of Red
River to their sources, and made a careful ex
amination of the country bordering upon them
all. I made extensive collections of minerals,
plants, animals, etc., etc, and am provided
with data for a perfectly accurate map of all
the country passed over.
There is a large distance of country border
ing upon Upper Red River, which has hitherto
been wholly unknown, and which is as fine an
agricultural country as can be found. The soil
is of the best quality, the timber abundant, and
it is well watered. It is a mountainous dis
trict, and the atmosphere is pure and bracing.
The country possesses such natmal advanta
ges that it must eventually settle, and it will
find its natural outlet through the Arkansas
River.
I also found an abundance of copper
which I have not y t had analyzed, but I think
them very rich, i will give you my views up
on this subject when 1 see you next winter, in
Washing on.
There are three principal branches to Red
River, above the point where 1 commenced my
exploration. The north branch rises in longi
tude about twenty-five miles from the Ca
nadian. The South and principal branch ex
tends eighty miles farther west. Upon the
north branch the country continues good to
within a hundred miles of its source, but upon
the other branches the country is generally
poor.
Please accept my warmest thanks for your
efforts in my behalf while at Washington, last
winter, and believe me, very sincerely, your
friend,
R. B. MARCY.
lion. li. W. Johnson, Little Rock, Ark.
To Prominent C itizens.
Men of wealth, men of learning, jw>ur instruc
tion upon the heads of the people—you owe
them that baptism. Look at that body in the
gutter! hatless, shoeless, and almost shirtless,
he is a part of our king, a part of o :r sovereign
ty. Should he not receive a sovereign’s edu
cation ? Should lie not be prepared for t! e
Throne our institutions have given him ? There
is a gem in every human i’oim ; let the diamond
be polished, and it will shine in truth and beau
. tv. There is still in the most debased ‘a beam
| etherial, though sullied and dishonored, still
divine.’’ And our motto should be—Teach and
habituate the people to make a right use of the
faculties which God has given them, and then
trust them fearlessly to themselves. Give de
mocracies education, freed -ill of action and ‘let
them alone.’
4 Uneducated nrnd, is educated vice,’ for
God tnaile man to know. lie is the creature of
instruciion ; for in a right education there is a
divine alchymy which turns all the baser parts
of man’s nature into go'd. We a e told by the
ancients that as soon as the fiist rays of the
morning sun fell u|h>ii the statue of Meininoii,
it sent up music. It is after the fiist rays of
knowledge fall upon man that his natute di -
onuses harmony —all before is the darkness .f
barbarism.
All can sec that wickedness leads to misery,
yet very few find out that which is equally cer
tain, that ignorance leads to misery and mise
ry to wickedness. Ur. Johnson was once asked:
• Who was the most miserable man.’ and the
reply of the sage was: ‘that man who cannot
read on a rainy day.’ The writer was once
passing thiough a park, and saw nail-d to one
of the trees this warning: ‘All dogs found in
this park will be shot.’ A friend wli > was with
us, remarked, ‘unless dogs can read they are
pretty badly olThere.’ .Now God has not on
ly written his laws upon the trees, but in the
stars and in the flowers; his laws are above us
and beneath us, on our right and on our left, l
and if a man is not able to read he is pretty
badly otT here —worse off than the dog, for the i
dog has a master to read fur him ; but man has
no master between him and his God.
A maxim, of more truth and force than any
other I remember ever to have seen, was throw u
off by a British statesman —by a man who was
in learning vivid, varied and philosophical, and
who in conversation threw out nio-o gem-,
sparkling and brilliant as they came, than any !
other man of his age. llis profound apothegm
was that, 4 Education is the cheap deft uce of na
tions.’ And if I might put up a truism by the
side of this. I would say : It is cheaper to edu
cate the infant mind, than to support the aged
criminal. Yes, bestow the pence on common
schools, and save the pounds on prisons. .Man
was not made to be sent to prison, but to be ed- j
ucated and ‘the very worst use you can put
a man to is to hang him.’ Neither is man a
Human Poor Box into whose mouth we are to
drop a few cents daily. 4 The ignorant child
left to grow up darkening into the deeper ig
norance of manhood, with all : ts jealousies, and
its narrow-mindedness, and its superstitions,
and its,penury of enjoyments; is poor amid the
intellectual and moral riches of the universe ;
blind in this splendid temple which God lias
lighted up and furnished amid the profusions of
omnipotence.’
“ O wo for those who trample on the mind,
That fearful thing ! They knew not what they do
Nor what they deal with
To lay rude hands upon God’s mysteries there.”
Richmond Republican, in the course
of a sensible article on Fashion, gives this val
uable hint to the ladies :
4 Within a year or two past corsets have been
partially abandoned, but a substitute equally as
destructive to health has been adopted. In i
olden times, ladies used to wear just enough
petticoats to keep them ootnfoi table, and these !
were kept to their places by shoulder straps. —
But it is no uncommon thing to see a weakly,
delicate little creature perambulating the streets
w ith six or eight skirts—some of them thick and
heavy enough for horse blankets—tied tightly
around her waist, thereby heating the spine,
and creating a pressure upon the abdomen,
that if constantly applied to the back of a mule
would kill him as dead as Julius Caesar in less
than a month. Advise her agair.st these things,
and you are answered, ‘lt's fashionable to dress
so, and one had as well be out of the world as
out of fashion.’ It's fashionable for some fools
to kill themselves outright, and be done with
it. We therefore advise those ladies who are
willing to die for fashion, to adopt that course,
instead of pursuing another, equally certain, but
much slower —the only difference being that
were they determined to commit suicide by
improper dressing, the doctors have the benefit
ol their decline, and the anguish and anxiety of
friends and relations are kept alive for months,
while in the latter case the blow falls heavily at
first, but naturally wears oft’ and is eventually
forgotten.’
Ever Remember.—Despise not thy mother
when she is old. Age may wear and waste a
mother’s beauty, strength, limbs, senses, and
estate •, but her relation as mother is as the sun
when he goes forth in his might, for it is al
ways in the meridian, and knoweth no evening.
The person may be grey headed, but her moth
erly relation is ever in its flourish. It may be
autumn, yea winter, with a woman, but with
mother—it is always spring.
MJIORGIA CITI2H
- L ’ F ’
Agent, is the oily vTJ?
the cit.es of Boston, New York, In? £ th “ tS?
is duly empowered to take adverts
scnptions at the rates required Wj
will be regarded as payments. HjJ hm
ton, Scollayg Building; New YorW "-r
ings; Philadelphia, N* W. cTrJr & C
streets.” ‘ 1 “ird aa<j
X3T The absence of the
will account for the meagre am*. H
Editorial Department. Ppearsai <* cf^
kunkei’s Kishtinsale^erTTr
Has been in the city during tta
gwmg us a senes of their delfghtfif? **
\\ e hazard nothing in *avingth™ h l>
the most entertaining company that 1
| tins way, „„1 we M ,y .
encomiums paid them by our
1 the Savannah and Charleston P r .
i it been said, that “with an Agent lit
t.m„, R,, and an IHTO
ki vkel, this Iroupe is bound v, „
wWo.” TheygivUei,.^*^,
i k* e'erv one who wants rnrefm.V
—it*;/
Peabody’s Strawberries, if* ■
believing,” there is no hmnbuw in Mr T : ’
I metl ‘ od of Strawberry culture, as* ’
i J" J f f ' ,r w will call on
at tne Lanier House, and ask for Mr i
will le there with a supply of hi/,,’
pared to demonstrate the fiu*t of Ins/' 1 *
ripe Strawberries being made to *
: open air, m the month of December, Ui -l! ~
, itude. S*e advertis. meat.
; Small Pox.-MajToL w.si, TANARUS!
I 7* co . unt . vlß nmv down with this di*. v
his residence, about four miles from <7 ” *
. the Muacogec Uailroihi. Mr. S.
I disease while on his wav from M j,.,
Ala., from too dose stage’ eoaeh PioxinO
a woman and child, the latter of wlx.m’w? !
disease, in its febrile stage.
j Sickness at Columbus.— There ford ,
several eases of sudden d-ath, recently, in fi
umbus, from a disease resembling Ad/k (u
| fm, but which have originated, we ar- iif,/
ed, from the too free use of Oy*tm, j„ .7
cipient stage of decomposition. Fmm
eause, perhaps the effects of the late stanr, aj
freshets, the oysters brought this seax* I
the Bay to Columbus, have tan in this
Don. And so much has this tan the , ; l
the authorities at Appala rh kola have oitirJ
prohibited their introduction, intotlmtitad
the present —an example that ought toLhrJ
toil by the authorities of Columbus aid 14-
towns on the t h attain* slice river. Tic
character of the disease having been aseetaiJ
ed, there need le no f**ar on the part of
gers visiting that city, nor any relian.
upon exagerated rumors that havegni**-,,
of Asiatic Cholera being prevalent <> v ur
dors.
CLIPPINGS.
J&T _Mks. Caroline Lf.e llevtz, “ff rj.
i bus, G.i., has won the prize of s3oo,offcu-B;
Ossian E. Dodge, of the l‘a4oiiZitm /Jf
stum, for the best American Storv. Itisnj.
tied, ** Neglecting a Fee, or the V< nng 1*
I cian’s Fortune.”
Names for a Child.— A Seville journal ru
j that the infant daughter of the Duta- .-
i Montpensier has received the following
Maria Christiana, Francisco de l’aula. An .
j Luisa, Fernanda, Amelia, Fdipa. Isal-IA.-
laida, Turosa, .Josef;i, Joaqiiina, Jiista, Li,
Lutgarda, Elena, Carolina, Bibiana, 1’ :iu
Gaspara, Melehosa, Ana, Baltasara, A; :
Lucia and Xardsa.
Baltimore. Dec. 6.
Little was done in either branch ofO-nr
to day, except tbe reception of the IV V
Message. The Senate, however, TV . ;
referred to a Committee the question,
Mr. Merk 1 wether, appointed by theOoraw
of Kentucky, or Mr. Archibald Dixon, i.*.
i to till the post by the Legislature, isenti’ dt
Mr. Clay’s seat in that laxly.
Electoral College. —The Electoral (
lege that convened in our Capitol lust WoV
day, at 12 A. M., cast the ten votes of the S';
for Pierce and King. J. M. Stoll, E<<j.. •f H
ry, was chosen their Messenger to Was, .
he being the successful candidate over*;
or one hundred who applied as we are iiV- 1
ed, for the office.
The United States Branch Mint at : j
lonoga in this State, coined from the Ist tv!
1852, to the 30th Oct., $389,316 in gukl
deposit of gold during the same time w -*. ‘
024. Os the four mints of Philadelphia. , j
< )rleans, Charlotte, X. U., and I)alil< u ga, ‘ •
lonega stands third in the amount of a
- deposite.
The Steamship Black Warrior has a - j
at Mobile widi advices fr<>m Havana tn 1: -
inst., from which we learn that Cap l , bt
the mate, and crew of the American -bp w
Suff lk, had been imprisoned on the cht -’
having sold the ship for the slave tra v
having equipped her accordingly. D |e
was Imsed on information given by the D
Consul.
Dr. Lucas, the celebrated Irish p os t. • •
after a very sharp contest, carried theeW
as representative in Parliament, for the t-J j
Dublin, was met a few days after by 1 4 !
whose family was very warm in the inte;e- j
ti e unsuccessful candidate.
‘Well, doctor,’ said he, ‘l find ft*
gained the election.’
‘Yes, madam.’ , ; .j
‘Xo wonder, sir, all the blackguards’ r
you.’ ,
‘Xo, madam, your two sons did not ’ rii ’
the doctor.’
‘•What a queer place this Boston >• j
Mrs, Partington, when she tirst came b ‘
the country; ‘’l was walking al"iu > 1 |
just now. and saw on a sign,
something like guano, l guess, h'i ‘ ‘ J
said Ito imsell. I declare Pin 11 -
to look at some. So l went in and u '"’
pretty young man, smelling as sweet a ' L ‘j
to let me look at some of his iiaik rj
wanted to he as polite as possiu e.
how he stared at inj. just as if l *1 be 1
tenpoper ora wild Arab. 1 mea>* )‘b
dressing said I. ‘‘Oh, ah,yes, frail
down here in the big chair, mam * scra
haps, mam. Scratch, said I comp tl ''•
foundered, you saucy fellow, l can jf jR
own scratching, and some of yin* *t^
say that again; scratch indeed.-- 3,1
right down the stairs.--C** l ’ K 1
From the Southern Banner.
Slop the Murderer. hfE .
All persons are requested to aid 1,1 P ja
ding Russel J. Braog, who mu C t>us r . v :
er in-law, Joel Thompson, in ‘ .. ‘phemp
on the 24;h inst; after murdering
son, and severely stabbing one ** ‘ ri
fled, and has not been heard o . * ■ tb*
ward will be given for his 8PP leit
he tnay lie brought to justice. 5 feet*
Said Bragg is about 30 years ’
or 10 inches high, fair cornpl eXI ° ’jj bi c
yellow hair auburn. H e ), ir acr° SS ”
spot between his eyes, has a sc
left hand, above hisfing ers - j to keep *
All lo'ers of law are reque 1 ® p ro baK
look out for said Bragg. ® j n j a .
make for western Georgia or .5
UAI-W