Newspaper Page Text
to be thrown in. Does this look absurd. It
is the puff principle carried out to its legiti
mate consequences.
For ourselves, We have no doubt on the
subject of the proper editorial and business
policy it is the duty of proprietors of news
papers to pursue. It is to their
news and editorial columns to public purpo
ses. The advertising columns are for the
use of those who pay for them, and they
have no right to expect a gratuitous use ol
any portion of the other columns. The ad
vertising columns are open to whoever wants
to say anything to the public They can
say what they please in their own way, in
two lines or two columns, provided they pay
the price demanded. By a rigid adhereuce
to such a rule as this the columns of a news
paper will be kept free of matters that are
not of general interest By this rule no adver
tiser can complain that another has an undne
advantage awarded to him; by this rule the
only prominence one advertiser has over an
other is the greater extent of his advertise
ment ; by this rule we place reading matters
by tht-raselves, and by this rule we are en
abled to give the mo-t general satisfaction
to reading customers and advertising custo
mers, whereby we draw from them more of
the sinews of business than we should oth
erwise obtain, which enables us to goon con
stantly improving our paper, constantly en
larging its sphere of influence, constantly
increasing its circulation and solid patronage.
We, at any rate are to the cor
rectness of this course, and are persuaded
that the time is coming when newspaper
gen* rafly will find it to their interest, and
that of their sub-cribers to adopt such a prin
ciple.
From On Augusta Constitutionalist,
Another Letter from Dr. Dan
iel Lee.
T ntvkrsitv of Georgia, )
February 15th. 1859. }
Jalies Gardner, Esq.— My Dear Sir:
Since 1 am unable to agree with Mr. Har
per in the conclusion at which he arrives
in relation to bringing more laborers
from Africa, it is perhaps due to that
gentleman that I point out what I regard
as fatal defects in an otherwise able and
instructive argument.
He says: “ The truth is. as we all
know, that slavery is gradually receding
from Delaware and Maryland, Virginia,
Kentucky and Missouri, and in some de
gree from other States, and concentrat
ing itself in the cotton region. Tnere
are two causes powerfully operating to
remove it from those States. One is.
the superior value of slave labor in the
cotton lands; the other, the rapid in
crease of the white population, and the
inevitable consequents of cheapness of
labor. One of the most distinguished
sons of A irginia has shown, by irresisti
ble reasoning, that this latter cause will
ultimately remove the institution from
the Old Dominion, and from other
States. These causes are natural, and
according to the irresistible course of
events. We cannot stay these results;
but let us at leist not precipitate
them.'’
The above remarks contain the pith
and marrow of Mr. Harper’s argument
against re-opening the slave trade, or
bringing negroes from Africa in any
way whatever; and I bpg you to con
sider all that is expressed, all that is im
plied.
Grant that slave labor is temporarily,
but not intrinsically, more valuable in
the cottrui districts of the Smith than in
the tobacco districts of Virginia, Ken
tucky, and Missouri. Is that a good
reason why the producers of cotton
should be compelled by an act of Con
gress to pay the tobacco and corn grow
ers of the five States named bv Mr.
Harper, from ten to fifteen hun Ired dol
lars a head f>r the last slaves they pos
sess, rather than allow cotton growers
to purchase and import negroes who are
now slaves in Africa; where, according
to Mr. IT, they are so abundant as to
be had at from ten to fifteen dollars
each ? Is such a s’ate of facts in the
border slave-holding States, in Africa,
and in “ tf*e cotton region,” a *>nd ar
gument against seeking to enlarge and
strengthen an edifice by the proper use
of the same materials out of which it
was originally constructed ? Why now
condemn these materials, after llpy have
stood in all weather, and ensured un
harmed a thousand storms f**r two cen- I
turies? The value of African n groes
in the Southern States is no longer a
matter of doubt and experiment. But.
says Mr. Harper, “ th** rapid increase of
white popula ion, and the inevitable ;
cheapness of labor, are, by an irresisti
ble course of events.” w<eking the ex
tinction of slavery. I respectfully
how the labor of white persons can he
so exceedingly cheap and abundant in
Delaware, Maryland, Virginia. Ken.
tucky and Missouri, when all the<* la.
borers know that government has a
thou-and million acres <4 rich vacant
land, upon which any man may settle,
who please-, pay nejth-i t<xesnor rent; I
and finally, by a pre-emption Haim, oh- i
tain a perfect title for a dollar and a
quarter ;>er acre ] Mr. H. and ‘ one of
Ihe tOO't distinguish* and som of Virginia.”
whose rea-oning ”is so “ iriesisfible,”
and all others who take a similar view !
of this great industrial problem, are pro- \
soundly mistaken In their facts.
They assume that population is so
dene in his New World, or is so* n
1 kely to be, and the labor of white per
sons so cheap, that to own negroes will
be no object or advantage. They say
that slave holders in New York, New
Jersey and Connecticut sold ofi’iheir ne- !
groes, and voluntarily abandoned the !
practice of working slaves, because they
could employ white laborers at a great
er profit. At the time s!av<.h>lding was
discontinued in New York, my father
wm a slave-holding farmer in thatSrate.
and I am old enough to remember the
discussions which took place at that
t'me. A large majority of the voters in
the State owned no slaves, and w hen
Congress, 5n accordance with the theo
retical notions of President Jefferson,
and of others, passed a law forbidding
the bringing of any more negroes from
Africa, or elsewhere, into the I'nited
States, every non-slaveholder and every
cit.zen who had only one, two, or three
slaves, wanted more, saw that this “rand
source of productive industry was cut
off forever. At that time nine-tenths of j
the State was an unbroken forest and ‘
many counties had twice as many’ pan-1
thers, wolves and deer in them as human
beings, w hite or black. Instead of there ‘
being an excess of population, the want’
of settlers to form a f< ree strong enough
to subdue the heavily timbered wilder I
ness, open roads and construct bridges, i
was felt to be a necessity of fearful mag
nitude. Slavery was abolished to invite
white immigrants into the State.
Whenever slavery ceases to exist In
Maryland, Virginia, Kentucky and Mis
souri, it will result not from an excess
of labor seekng employment, either dfl
whites or blacks, but from the want of I
productive industry, and the supreme
folly of refusing to allow non sUwhold-}
ers to share in the direct profits of n-gro
slavery, by importing negroes from As- 1
rica. It would be easy to prove, beyond
the reach of reasonable doubt, that the
four States of Maryland, Virginia, Ken
tucky and Missouri, are alone capable of
giving profitable employment to fifty
million of slaves. Nearly five hundred
years before the birth of our Saviour,
the great C’incinnatus supported himself,
his wifeJkhildren and slaves, in a com-
independent manner, on a
farm of seven acres. So long as the
stockholders of Rome and Italy adhered
to their ancient system of small farms
well Cultivated, and free trade in slaves,
they were able to give laws to nearly all
the inhabitants of the then known world.
So long as a fai mer, or mechanic, is able
to make a slave earn fifty dollars a year
more than it costs to support him, how
ttan this very productive property be
come valueless? It is by no means lim
ited to agricultural and household indus
try, for legitimate and profitable em
ployment. In a letter to Atticus, writ
ten while Gcsar was in England, he
-ays: “It is known by this time that
there is not a scruple of silver in the
inland; nor the least chance of booty,
unless in slaves, whom you will scaicely
expect to find very accomplished in let-
ters, or in music.”
The slave-holders of Rome were then
governed by their courage instead of
their fears, and educated their slaves in
literature and the fine arts, and in that
wav greatly extended the sphere of their
■■•efillness, and increased their value.—
F**w have any just conception of the
many excellent purposes to which the
colored population of the South are, by
nature and proper culture, well adapted.
No writer, so far as I have seen, has
done full justice to the capabilities of
th** negro race for creating wealth.—
Many write as though they believed this
class of laborers are good for nothing
but to make cotton, tobacco, rice, and
-iigar, and sadly and greatly impoverish
the soil at that. They entirely overlook
the fact that the United States now pos
sess not far from two thousand two hun
dred million acres of land, and more
than enough to supply both food and
raiment to every human being on earth,
it they all lived in the Republic. The
arable and productive lands on the globe
are abundant tor the comfortable subsist
ence of one hundred times more inhabit
ants than are now living on this planet.
By what process is it possible to com
mand, for any length of time, a surplus
of productive industry in this great agri
cultural and commercial nation? Like
water, it will, under the laws of free
trade, flow out as fat as it flows in, long
before there is an excess of labor to e
eome as worthless as are human mu-cle3
i and brains in most parts of Africa.
It is not possible in this country to
| prevent the application of science to all
industrial arts. Nor is it possible to
prevent steam, with its giant power, rap
i id progress and its marvellous übiquity,
alike on land and water, from doing one
,of two things. It will either carry every
man’s dinner to him, or carry him to his
dinner; and it matters little which. If
commerce cannot transport provisions
enough to Ireland to keep the people
, there from starving, it will certainly
transport the surplus inhabitants of that
island to this continent, or Australia,
where they can work, and create ten-fold
more wealth for themselves and man
kind, than ihey did in Ireland. It is
right to put every man in the right
place, which is. where he can use the
mental and physical powers that God
lias given him to the best possible ad
vantage. W here have the powers of
the negro been more developed and
fruitful than in the slaveholding Spates
of North America? Wh-re is the anti
slavery man in New England, or old
England, that does not share in the good
things derived either diree-ly or indi
rectly from slave labor ? The fruits of
this labor are so valuable, so greedily
| sought, that, to meet the every-day
wants of anti slavery persons, we must
have some millions more of negroes from
j Africa. If nobody but slave-holders
consumed the products of slave labor,
there would be no necessity of having
more slaves; but to meet the wants of
th Abolitionists air ne, will keep seven
million slaves at work.
Mr. Harper deal* too much in ab
stractions. He should see, as a praeti
-1 cal man. that for he people of the Uni
tedS S afes, Great Britain and continental
Europe to fight against the supply of
1 their own demand fir more slave labor,
is peifictly ab-urd. If the demand is
right, the supply cannot Vie wrong.—
W hat will Mr ll.sav to this reasoning?
Does a good man demand that which
ought not to be supplied? Can it be
truthfully denied that the consumers of
slave grown cotton, sugar, rice, coffee
and tobacco are at once the patrons, the
fathers, and the mothers of negro slave
ry ? Will any intelligent man pretend
that the hri"g:ng of negroes from Africa
to this country has not now, “by the in
evitable course of events,” the solemn
sanction of every civilized, and of every
partly civilized nation on eogjl ? It is
opposed only on account of tile wrongs
and the error of the past vijh\<4i cannot
be recalled. Paper enactments hair
splitting theories condemn a g"i*i prin
ciple because of its unfortunate associa
tions. In the South, anti-slavery'men
are forced to admit that slave holding is
right in Africa, right in the Southern
Sa*es. while they attempt to niaintaiq,
that slave-holding is infamous piracy*
and deserves and ath by hanging, if prac
ticed anywhere between Africa and
America. Such is the “irresistible”
logic of Mr. Harper’s argument. It has
o ! her elements which deserve a calm and
thorough analysis, at another time.
Respectfully, Daniel Lee.
Th* Slave Trade.
The condition of the slave trade seems to
J be one of growing prosperity, as it long has
been of great profit to the English officers
i engaged in its suppression. Occasionly we
| are told of the loss of life and ex pend i
| ture of treasure, by the British government,
on the Coast of Africa, to carry out her phi
lanthropic ideas, or the hundreds of officers
who sacrifice health and life in that service.
The truth however, that no service is so
much coveted by the Ilrifish officers as that
of the African coast, since they divide the
profits with the slave dealers and the Span
ish government. Tnose three parties, viz:
the traders, the Spanish government, inclu
ding the Cub in autherif es,and the British of
thors, are all equally interested in the con
tinuance of the trade, which is conducted
somewhat on this plan: A suitablefast-ail
j in C vessel is selected, and preparations made
Ito Gt her oot The next point is to find of
| Ucera and there are hundreds of young officers
who have got their fortunes to make, and
who get $25 a 830 per month as subordin
| ate i tucerg of merchant vessels. These are
j off-red SIOO per month to sail the vessel,
aud say from ten to iiOe-m thousand dol
lars ca-li on the lanair.g of the cargo in Cu
ba. An enterprising *nd adventurous man
is aoc n found to take charge, and he sails
for the Cjftst to a givetjpoint, with gold to
pay at the rate of about $lO per head fur the
blacks on board. He nukes the land, aud
observes the signal, either to ru in or lay
off.
If he runs in. he gets orders to go to sea
and be back in a given time, Bay fifteen or
twenty days ; at the end of that time he runs
into some secluded creek,and finds the blacks
all ready to ship on board. If the British
cruisers are on the alert, this is the moment
chosen for their capture. Because the ves
sel will be seized with the negroes on board,
and before the gold is sent ashore to pay for
them. The whole is carried to Sierra Leone.
All the gold in the vessel, and all the effects
of the slave officers, who also get $25 a
head for the negroes, who are very far from
being freed on that account, but are let out,
as apprentice’s, to pay the prize money for
their own capture. If the British officers
seized the vessel before she got the blacks
aboard,they would only have the gold; if they
seized her after the blacks were paid for,
they would have the negroes. A sharp of
ficer makes bis prize judiciously. The of
ficers and men of the slaver,on being seized,
destroyed all papers, and refuse to give
their names. The only alternative is then
to set them free, because the law is that
they must be sent to their own country for
trial. In this respect the captors are very
lenient, because they hope that the same
pxities will furnish them with another
“haul.” About one-half the slavers are so
captured, the remainder get clear, and make
the landing in Cuba, where the Captain-
General gets his doubloon a piece for each
black landed, and slavera divide the profits
and renew the operation.
The phf?anthresists denounce this traffic as
an immense crime, and they substitute the
coolie trade. This being legal, vessels are
chartered in the United States ports to pro*
ceed to the Asiatic ports, to which the
coolies are brought down from the interior,
precisely as the blacks are brought down to
the gold coast. Being down,the healthy ones
are selected, and the weakly ?-looking and
sickly one3 rejected. What is to be done
with these? The dealers cannot afford to
keep them or carry them back —they are
destitute and friendless, and they are “pitch
ed overboard.” The vessel proceeds on
her destination, and arrives with her car
go to be “hired out” but meantime abuse
and exposure have undermined the consti
tution of many of them and no one will hire
them. Tne same difficulty presents itself,
and again the ocean sw illows the refuse of
the cargo. This is a Christian’s and philan
thropic trade, as compared with the African
trade, in the eyes of the philanthropists.—
U. S. Economist.
For the Georfii Citizen.
All Editor with Diamond Spec
tacles.
Dr. Andrews :
The Editor of the New Orleans Bulletin
seeks to make the impression that what he
said about the moral act of bringing a negro
from Africa to United States, is to be
found in the extract of the New Orleans
Delta. It is not so. The Delta said nothing
for or against the moral argument of bring
ing a negro from Africa to the UniteiblWfes.
He said, in his comment on the extract from
the Delta, “ Hence the civilizing argument
falls to the ground.” On that seutence my
remarks, in conjunction with what followed,
were predicated. The idea I sought to com
bat was this: the exultant feeling if delight,
to be able to meet the civilizing argument
with the idea of learning among the negroes
in Africa, and the crimes consequent upon
the purchase of a negro in Africa, was such
as would, (who ever engaged in the external
trade of s’avery,) by the laws of Louisiana,
and every Southern State, bring their necks
to Ihe halter. The Captain says that his
comments on the extract from the Delta were
ironical; that is, he expressed one thing and
meant another. The Captain then believes
it a moral act to remove ahuman being from
a savage to a civilized state. What has the
E iitor of the N. 0. Balletin to do with the
laws in Africa, governing her trade—whether
it be in negroes or other property. Have
not the ruling powers in Africa as much
right to regulate their internal trade in ne
groes as Virginia? for the negroes only
know servitude in Africa as in Virginia.—
The slave trade is not the most terrible bar
rier to civilization in Africa. It is the at
tempted suppression of the slave trade that
is the worst and most terrible barrier to civ
ilization there; can you through your dia
mond spectacles penetrate that thought?
The Messenger no doubt understood your
comment on the extract from the Delta as
an unanswerable argument against the civ
ilizing act Would you, Cptain, vote to
acquire territory that slavery might be ex
tended, or rather would you not vote against
the acquisition of territory that slavery
mightnot be extended. It is only the wound
ded animal, Captain, that cringes. It is
on ! y the worm tread upon that turns over
in the dust. It is seldom an Editor replies
to an anonymous correspondent. Truth al
ways cuts deep and bleeds profusely, hence
your comment, on what I said. Your re
ply was funny. You are the Falstaff of the
Press. lam complimented, for your Addi
son head condescended to notice a hard
pressed correspondent of the Georgia Citi
zen, tor praise is a passion deeply fixed in
the mind of every person, and those who
.are most affected with it seem to partake of
4hat particle of the divinity which distin
guishes mankind from the inferior creation.
In all candor, I do not think that you, in
your attempt at ridicule, guile go fortunate
as Milton was in describing the variety of
passions which arose in our first parents af
ter their disobedience. You are about as
successful at ridicule as John Randolph was
at argument If your wit equalled your
vanity, one would fancy himself in the socie
ty of Dr. Johnson, Tristarnbergcs, and
John Randolph—realizing all the pleasure
such wit. and elegance could impart The
last Messenger has an article headed “An
argument and reply.” “It is one of the
leading arguments of those who advocate a
re-opening of the African slave trade, that
if it is right to go to Virginia and buy s
negro, it must be equally so to go to Africa
and buy one.” To this the N. 0. Bulletin
replug:—“ No negro is ever bought in Afri
ca until it ia kidnapped and stolen; that
there is, consequently just the difference be
tween buying a negro in Virginia, and ob
taining possession of one ir. Africa—that
there is between buying a horse and steal
ing one, after setting fire to the stable and
plundering and shooting its owner.” Well,
Captain, you and the editor of the Messen
ger must think that our ancestors were the
worst of thieves and murderers. Is it pos-
sible that such men as Holland, Baldwin,
Jackson, Rutledge, George M. Troup, and
Low ndes would have made no distinction in a
trade so dishonest and murderous? but on
the contrary all of them said there could be
no difference between slavery and the Afri
can Slave Trade. If what the Captain
states be true, every negro in Virginia is
the product of the theft committed in Afri
ca. If it ia wrong to buy the theft in Afri
ca, itis equally wrong to buy the product of
t hat theft in Virginia! The Captain and
Editor of the Messenger’s moral sense of
right may teach them that there is a differ
ence between the theft committed in Africa,
and the product of that theft in Virginia.—
That there is a difference between the sto
len money and the interest on the stolen.—
A man buys a negro woman in Africa, he
carries her to Virginia, she has children; the
Captain goes to Virginia and buys one
of this negro woman’s children,—now where
is the difference between the Captain and
the man who purchased the negro woman
in Africa? The man bought the theft in
Africa, and the Captain bought the product
of that theft in Virginia. The instincts of the
Captain and the Editor of the Messenger
may teach them that it is wrong to steal the
thing, yet it is right to hide, keep and de
fend the thing stolen. GEORGIA.
From the N. 0. Picayune, 12 th inst.
Tin* Ilasonir Baptism.
The solemn and interesting ceremony of
Masonic baptism, performed last night upon
a number of children at Odd Fellows’ Hall,
by Le Foyer Maoonniquc No. 44, F. and A.
M., on the occasion of the (twentieth anni
versary of that Lodge, was witnessed by one
of the most dense assemblages of people that
ever crowded into that hall. The Masonic
fraternity were present in full force, clad in
full regalia, according to their different di
visions ; the ladies were present in over
whelming numbers; and with the invited
citizens who were not Masons, densely
packed every available part of the hall and
the gallery.
The hall was arranged after the fashion of
a lodge-room, there being a large canopy at
the head of the hall, for the Worshipful
Master; canopies at the sides, for the other
officers; a band of music and chorus of sing
ers on a stage at the foot of the hall; tables
with candelabras, and the emblems of the
order, disposed as in lodge-rooms; and in
front of the stage, at the head, a large bap
tismal altar, with steps ascending on all
sides, and inclosed by a railing. On the al
tar was a stand bearing an open Bible, and
at its sides a large urn and a large censer,
by which to administer baptism by water
and fire. The effect of the whole was very
imposing.
Tile seating of the multitude and general
management of the occasion was done by a
number of Masons, under the direction of
the Grand Marshal, Alexander Boulet. The
different Lodges entered one at a time, mu
sic being given in the intervals, and ranged
themselves around the altar and on the stage
to the right and left of the Worshipful Mas
ter's throne. When all was arranged pre
paratory to the ceremony, the aspect of the
hall was perfectly gorgeous.
The Worshipful Master of Foyer Magon
nique, Joseph Santini, addressed the assem
bly to begin with, in French and English,
explaining the nature and objects of Mason
ry, and the nature of the ceremony about to
be performed.
After that, some sixteen boys, the eldest
about twelve years old, and the youngest an
infant, all clad in white and wearing red
scarfs, were escorted upon the altar, attend
ed by their parents and godfathers and god
mothers, who took seats around, inside the
railing. An invocation chorus, from Mo
zart’s “ Mysteries of Isis,” was sung by the
choir. The Rev. C. S. Hedges, Grand Chap
lain of the M. W. Grand Lodge, offered up
a prayer, the multitude standing. A prayer
was next sung by the choir, the poetry com
posed for the occasion by Luton P. Ca
nonge, and set to an air of Rossini. [Luton
is a title given to a child or protege of the
Masonic Order.] After that came the bap
tism.
The ceremony was performed by the Wor
shipful Master. The boys were led up, and
their left hands dipped in the water of the
urn; a feeling explanatory address being
made to them at the time. The censer of
flame was then swung over them; and hav
ing received purification by water and by
fire, the solemn part of the ceremony was
ended. The W. M. next hung on the neck
of each child a blue ribbon and medal, kiss
ing them, and making remarks adapted to
their comprehension. We regret that the
lateness of the hour should forbid our giv
ing a more particular report of this impres
sive spectacle, which was witnessed with so
much interest and manifest feeling by the
thousands of people present.
The remainder of the ceremony consisted
of a presentation of rings to the mothers of
the children, and white gloves to their god
mothers ; a recitation of poetry in English
and French, by Luton Ed. Fehrinbach; an
address by the W. M. to the godfathers;
confirmation of the Lutons ; and music by
the orchestra and choir. After that, the
godmothers of the children and the masters
of the ceremony raised a collection for the
benefit of the Masonic widows and orphans;
and the last thing in the programme was the
oration of the day, delivered by Mr. J. M.
Hernandez.
It was late when all was finished; but the
crowds remained to the end, interested and
pleased with every part of the imposing and
unusual ceremony.
A Girl Outwits a Widow and Mar
ries iter Mother’s Lover.— A few days
since we mentioned the marriage of a fair
haberdasher to a young man on one of the
ferries during the absenc# of the mother of
the girl, and we now record another ceremo
ny of nearly the same kind in the same
place. A mid lie-aged, but buxom widow,
who had congratulated herself for two years
on her husband’s demise, had become enam
ored of a dry goods Clerk on Fifth Street,
almost young enough to be her son, and had
in some manner inoculated him with the idea
of being her second husband. He was cer
tainly under her influence to a strange de
gree, and as fond of her as if she had been
rosy eighteen. He visited the widow near
ly every evening, and invariably went away
more intoxicated than before.
Their marriage was fixed for the first of
the following month, but in the meantime
the Jaughter of the widow, who had been
at a boarding school, returned. She was her
mamma twenty years before, and so pretty
and engaging that the youth naturally trans
ferred his subscription to the latter edition.
Like Viola,
“He never told bis love, but let concealment “
serve to outwit the widow, and it did. So
well was the new love affair managed, that
the widow never suspected that the couple
had been passion struck at sight, but on the
contrary believed the heart of Mr. Dry
Goods all her own. The nuptial day was
deferred, and another named, before that
day came, the widow had to visit Dayton,
and on her return, discovered, to her amaze
ment, rage and horror, that the Clerk had
run off with Mary, and been united —as she
lacked two weeks of her legal age—by a city
magistrate on one of the Kentucky ferries.
The widow thought of poisoning the pair at
first, but at last solaced herself over a dish of
stewed oysters and a bottle of cherry bounce,
and made no attempt to interfere with Mary
and her connubial partner, who have begun
house keeping, and are as comfortable as
any married couple possibly can be.— Cin.
Eng.
Immigration. —The immigration into Tex
as via the Missouri and Arkansas routes*
last fall, is es imated at 30,000. Through
the town of Carthage, Mo., alone, nearly
1,800 wagons parsed, bound for Texas.—
That town is not on the principal routes,
which pas3 thr nigh Minersville Bnd Fort
Gibson, and through Van Buieu And Foit
Saitb,—(??. Oirtkan,
GEORGIA CITIZEN.
L. F. W. ANDREWS, Editor.
MACON, FEB. 25, 1859.
Lectures on Spiritualism.
>1 rs. Ostrander will. Lecture to-night, at
the usual place—also on Sunday next, at 3
o’clock, P. M., which will probably be the
last lecture of the series, in this place, at
present, as the Medium intends leaving the
city next week.
Pub. Documents. —We are indebt
ed to the Hon. R. P. Trippe, for several
bound volumes of public documents. Also
to the Hon. A. Iverson, for a package of
“Cork Oak Acorns,” being a part of this
exotic seed distributed through the U. S.
Patent Office.
OIIR NEXT VOLUME.
The present volume of the Citizen will
close with two more numbers, when we
shall, after an intermission of one week, en
ter upon the publication of the 10th volume,
under somewhat different auspices. Our
aim will be to give much more reading mat
ter, weekly, to our subscribers than hereto
fore, and this reading shall be as varied, in
teresting and profitable as our experience in
the business, and knowledge of the wants of
the reading community will enable us to
offer.
Our subscribers will please bear in mind
that we have determined to carry out the
CASH system, with the commencement of
our next volume. Those, therefore, who
know themselves indebted to the office, will
please renew their subscriptions, by a cash
remittance, before the 15th of March, if they
desire a continuance of the “Citizen” to
their address. This rule must be impartial
to be successful. We can, therefore, make
no exceptions to its operation, save in regard
to the business men and others of the city,
whom we know to be “minute” men in
matters of settlement
We shall, however, send out a specimen
number of our first issue of the next vol
ume to all our present subscribers, so that
they may judge of the character of the im
provements we contemplate making. After
which we shall have to part company, un
less our terms are strictly complied with.
The Augusta Dispatch.—-In the
Augusta Daily Dispatch of Monday last,
there appeared a grossly libellous article,
over the signature of “Wide Awake,”
against the Editor of this paper, which a
proper sense of self-respect and duty to those
to whom his reputation may be the dearest
thing of life, demands some notice at his
hands.
On the slim basis of a circular issued by a
Patent Medicine Dealer in New York,
wherein my name appears as a debtor to said
dealer, this anonymous correspondent of the
“Dispatch” has founded a charge of “pil
fering” against me! And to show my read
ers, that he has commenced the trade of
slander on a very small capital, I will brief
ly state, that I never was really indebted to
Dr. Wm. B. Moffatt, to the value of one
cent.
In 1836, while a resident of Baltimore, I
was induced to accept an agency for the sale
of his medicines, on commission, he agreeing
to pay expenses of advertising in order to
introduce the articles, in that city—to re
fund money paid therefor, if they did not
cure or benefit, as represented, and to allow
me 25 per cent, for my trouble. One instal
ment of goods, to the precise value of SIOO,
with a window-shade sign, was the amount
received—of which I sold less than ten dol
lars’ worth, and had to refund a part of
that, because of the failure of the medicine
sold to perform its work of healing. I also
advertised the medicines, for about six
months, at a cost of about $35, for which I
received no compensation, not even retain
ing enough of the medicine to pay this and
other expenses, but before leaving Baltimore
for Georgia, cuused the balance of the stock
on hand, amounting to about 90 per cent, of
the whole, to be re-shipped to the owner in
New York. Dr. Moffatt denied having
ever received the stock so re-shipped, but
acknowledged the receipt of the window
shade sign, which was sent at the same
time! But whether ho did or did not re
ceive the medicines, ho Inis no just claim
upon me for losses incurred on the goods, in
transitu. And, it is presumed, he has so
considered the matter, as he has never insti
tuted any suit, either to enforce the collec
tion of such claim, or to punish mo for the
criminality of “pilfering” the goods, al
though my whereabouts has always been
known to him, from 1836 to 1859!
These are the facts of this case, which
transpired over 22 years since, and I submit
to a candid public, whether, in the lapse of
so many years that I have been a citizen of
South Carolina and Georgia, no better basis
can be found on which to predicate a “ rail
ing accusation” against me, this allegation
of “pilfering” can receive the credence of
any candid and honorable man in the com
munity ! If a citizen's reputation for integ
rity has stood the test of the severest scruti
ny for that long series of years, it is surely
only an act of justice to the accused party,
that some other proof of wrong-doing should
be presented than the mere random insinua
tions of any anonymous scribbler who may
smuggle his malignity into the columns of a
newspaper. L. F. W. Andrews.
P. S. The Editor of the Dispatch is re
quested, as an act of justice, to give this one
insertion in each edition of his paper which
contains the communication of “ Wide
Awake. Mr. Atkinson, the Proprietor, has
given me his pledge to this effect, and I
shall expect his associates will recognize my
right to be heard in self-defence.
L. F. W. A.
Glorying in his Shame! —The
“Index” Editor, though convicted of charg
ing fraud upon some of the most respecta
ble men in the State, some of whom are his
own brethren, still refuses to retractor apol
ogize for his falsification of the facts, in con
nexion with the Lecturos on Spiritualism,
and comforts himself with the idea, that he
will escape the gibbet of public condemna
tion, because of the unwillingness of the
aggrieved parties to prosecute the case.—
Many an acquitted felon has the same cause
of glorification, but he is none the less guil
tv of the offence, because gentlemen do not
care to become scavengers for the removal of
all nuisances that may “come between the
wind and their nobility.” Besides, these
Committee-men are the parties accused by
the “Index” of fraud and collusion, and
they are not therefore called upon to prove
their innocence. It is the duty of the ac
cuser to make good the charge or retract it.
Will Joseph Whiskerando Walker do ei
ther? We suppose not.
The Next State Fair.— The next
State Fair of the Central Agricultural Asso
ciation will be held at Atlanta, commencing
on the 24th of October, and ending on the
28th. We presume there was no competi
tion as to the place of holding the Fair, and
hence its annual meetings may be considered
fixed at Atlanta-
The 9Sd. February.— This natal
day of Washington was duly celebrated in
this city, on Tuesday, by the Bibb County
Cavaly, Capt. Bass, the Macon Volunteers,
Capt. Smith, and the Floyd Rifles, Capt,
Hardeman. The day was delightful and
every thing passed off pleasantly.
Theatrical.— Ralston’s Hall has been
the scene of much attraction for near a fort
night past, the boards being trodden nightly
by the “Irish Boy” and “ Yankee Gal/’—
Mr. and Mrs. Florence—in various represen
tations of dramatical character. To-night,
the Grand complimentary benefit of Mrs.
Florence will take place, at which time sev
eral interesting plays will be presented. See
advertisement
Everett’s Varieties.— This popular
Troupe raised their Pavilion last evening, in
this city, and will perform again to-night.—
Among the attractions of this Exhibition
will be magnificent Fire-works and a Balloon
ascension. It is altogether a different show
from an ordinary circus, and is attended by
all classes of the people.
Panorama of the Bible.— We
learn from the proprietor of this Panorama,
now on exhibition at Savannah, that he will
be in Macon, in a few days, for the purpose
of giving our community the opportunity of
seeing this magnificent work of art The
painting covers 4000 yards of canvass and
comprises all the important scenes in Bibli
cal history, from the time of chaos to the
Babylonish captivity.
Amusements in Columbus.—*
The Appolonians. anew Concert company,
have been performing in Columbus, and
giving Readings by Mr9. Nina N. Smith, of
“Nothing to Wear,” “Modern Belle,”
“Hiawatha,” &c. A Miss Dresser, a young
refugee lady from the Mormons, was to have
lectured, last night, on Mormonism. The
“Glass Blowers” are also in that city.
Tho Christian Spiritualist.—
The tenth No. of this paper will be issued on
Tuesday next, March Ist, and will contain
a large amount of interesting and instruc
tive matter. Price of subscription $1 50
per annum. Single copies 10 cents. A few
complete files can be supplied to subscribers.
Eclectic Magazine.— The March
number of this valuable journal of Foreign
Literature has been received. Subscription
$5 per annum. We can furnish two copies
for 1859, at $4 each, per annum, commenc
ing with the January number, which con
tains two engravings well worth the price of
a year’s subscription—one Shakspere and
his cotemporaries, and the other Walter
Scott and his literary friends. As the Eclec
tic gives the cream of foreign literature in a
compact and pleasant form, it commends
itself to the cultivated gentleman who wish
es to keep posted in matters of the kind.
Southern Medical Reformer.
—The February number of this Monthly
has been received. Prof. I. M. Comings,
M. D., Editor. Published by the Botanic
Medical Reform Faculty of this City, at $2
per annum, in advance. The work is much
improved in its typographical appearance,
and is ably conducted. From the number
before us, we learn that the present class of
students in attendance upon the Course of
Lectures in the Institution here, consists of
nearly one hundred Matriculants, from 13
States, of whom nearly 40 are candidates for
graduation at tho next commencement, on
the Ist of March, ensuing. Dr. M. S. Thom
son is Treasurer of the Board.
The Southern Spy, or Curiosi
tie* of Negro Slavery.
We are indebted to the author, Edward
A. Pollard, Esq., of Washington City, for
merly of Macon, for a copy of a pamphlet
bearing the above title, and consisting of
Letters on the subject of “ Slave Life in the
South,” originally addressed to his friend,
David M. Clarkson, Esq., of Newburgh, N.
Y. These letters are ably written, and we
know the author to be as ardent and patri
otic a Southerner, as ever the sun shone
upon. He has our humble word of “en
couragement” to give to the public the en
tire series of the Letters of the “ Southern
Spy,” of which the letters contained in the
pamphlet before us constitute a part.
For the Georgia Citizen.
“ The Century.”
Dr. Andrews : By your politeness, hav
ing perused the last two Nos. of The Centu
ry,—a weekly paper recently commenced in
New York city, by Thos. McElrath, —and
having also examined its previous numbers,
I ask space to recommend it as a journal of
higher literary and moral character than
any other miscellaneous paper in America.
In its columns no space is given to trashy
and immoral fashionable novelettes; no dor
mant ideas aroused in youthful minds by a
recital of the gross particulars of horrid
murders or beastly sensual crimes; no coun
tenance given to the filthy penny-a-liners,
who fill the columns of so many of the mam
moth popular “family papers” of our cities
with indecent reports of police trials—the
prurient details of which have rendered the
press of our country, with but few excep
tions, a disgrace in our parlors and families.
I find The Century filled with matter which
can be read in the parlor without a blush, at
the fireside with interest, by the student
with profit; whilst the mechanic, the mer
chant and the business man, can nowhere
else find a better compendium for the news
of the day, in politics, commerce, finance,
economy, literature, science and art, than
in its ample and well edited columns. It is
out-spoken on all subjects ; and while with
some of its political articles exceptions may,
of course, be taken, I venture the opinion
that whoever offers a courteous reply will
be cavalierly welcomed, and find )m oppo
nent worthy of his steel. From the experi
ence of its publisher, the ability of its edit
ors, the ample space of its pages, and the
range of its articles, I am constrained to say
that I know of no paper which deserves a
more liberal support. —Terms, 52,50 a year
—to clergymen, $l,O0 —in advance.
J. F. W.
“ Scurrilous Personalities.”
The Editor of the Index, who is notorious
for his offensive personalities, towards Rev.
Mr. Evans and other opponents, say no
thing of his slanderous insinuations of fraud,
trickery, swindling and immorality against
respectable ladies and gentlemen, finding
that we have chosen to characterize hit
course a* it deserved, now retreats behind
the plea that he cannot condescend to notice
the personalities of the “Spiritist” papers!
He does not believe, then, in “ fitting the
devil with fire.” Come, old “drybones,”
“tote fair.” You should not decry your
own weapons, when turned against your
self !
Progress of the S. W. Extension.—
The Cuthbert Reporter says: “ Wednesday
a train of cars, numbering over fifty, passed
through our town. They belonged to one
of the contractors on the South-western R.
8., who had finished his contract between
place mi Pavrioc, mi awing
them over to the Eufaula route. There now
remains but a short distance of grading to
be completed between here and Ward's sta
tion.
(communicated.)
The baby in the household is a well-spring
of pleasure.”
Dedicated to little Miss Josephine Harrisson ,
°f New York, ,
BY W - FLORENCE.
Bless the baby!—bless her heart!
Looks like papa, don’t it, now?
Her eyes so blue she looks so smart.
And pretty ribbons deck her brow.
Pretty darling, only mine !
God has set his seal on thee;
Radiant beaming, love divine,
Sent fropi Heaven above to me!
Bless the baby!—little dear,
Laughing sweetly on my knee;
Yet in dreams I often fear
Death will take my pet from me.
Baby darling, child divine,
God has set his seal on thee;
Rosy, prattling pet of mine,
Sent from Heaven above to me!
A few months more our pet will walk,
Struggling hard to keep her feet;
Already it essays to talk
In prattling tones so very sweet.
Darling, darling baby mine!
God has set his seal on thee;
Radiant beam of light divine,
Sent from Heaven above to me!
For the Georgia Citizen.
Fashion* of the Day.
It is the common custom of the world to
follow example rather than precept; in my
opinion, it would, however, be the safer
plan, in a majority of cases, to learn by the
latter rather than the former. If we trace
back the history of our race, we find that
“Fashion” held as undisputed a sway then
as she does now'.
Did Fashion consult taste or feelings, the
heart as well as the head, then might she
reign supreme,—then would we all, as faith
ful votaries, bow’ dow*n and worship at her
shrine. But, alas 1 the picture I have drawn
is too bright for reality.
Mistress of the fates of empires, nations
and individuals, she imperiously commands
their obedience; her shackles are riveted:
they bow to the goddess of the world—
“ Fashion ’’—without a murmur. Unlike a
goddess, she is fickle and unreasonable in
her demands. In this part of the world,
fashions are in a state of almost daily fluctu
ation, and are often seen contending for the
ascendancy. Let us look at a young lady
when she makes a travelling tour of some
extent. See soon finds that the old customs
of her associates are different from those
•broad: she. must leave off her old habits,
whether good or bad, and learn to be fash
ionable. How sorry she is that it rained
last night; for to-day she has some calls to
make. With the finest Paris hat and a
mantilla of the latest importation, she ven
tures to visit and to astonish her friends.
Wearing over-shoes? No; they make
one’s foot look so clumsy; a veil, too, would
cover the beautiful combination of lace and
flowers; and how heavy shawls are! they
hide one’s dress and tournure so much! See
the physician count up the probable amount
for pills, blisters and leeches which she will
need after her morning walk.
Some time ago, the “lords of Creation”
found it much pleasanter to wear their col
lars standing. Lately Fashion has sent
forth her decree: “Gentlemen shall wear
their collars turned down” ; and forthwith
they submit, and declare it a great deal
more comfortable. What a strange combi
nation is human nature!
Fashion’s votaries disagree: the whisker
ed portion of humanity finds fault with, and
sneers at the ladies’ style of dressing, and
the “dear creatures” laugh at the gen-Je
men, and call them imitators of what they
ridicule.
Let us endeavor to have fashions of our
own ; but let us consult our taste, our age,
our wealth and health. W T e fear, however,
fashions would find few followers who are
sensible and independent enough to govern
themselves. Were we all to adopt this plan,
Fashion’s throne would soon totter and
crumble into dust, and the goddess, buried
with its ruins, would be a monument of the
tyranny we so much loved. VIOLA.
Thing* in Washington,
As reported by the New York Papers. —
Mr. Hendricks, the present Commissioner of
the Land Office, is to be appointed U. S.
Judge in Oregon.
The Board of Army Officers convened by
the Secretary of War, to inquire wherein
retrenchment can be made, met on Thurs
day. Seven members were present —Rip-
ley, Eaton, Chapman, Marcy, Nichols, Bee,
and Dickinson. They intended to go into a
rigid examination, and will cut down the ser
vice in every possible manner.
The statement telegraphed to New York,
asserting that Miss Gwin is to be married to
a person named Baylor, is without founda
tion.
Letters just received at the War Depart
ment from the Pacific and from the Plains,
represent hostilities as at an end.
The report that General Johnson, who
commands the forces in Utah, is to be reliev
ed, is untrue. He has not asked for leave of
absence.
There is a strong probability that the Com
mittee of Ways and Means will report one
or more tariff bills next Monday. The indi
cations are more favorable that a revised
tariff will pass the House at least. The Sen
ate is more doubtful.
Mexican Affairs.
W asking ton, Feb. 22.—A private letter re
ceived here from Havannah states that there
are two commissioners there, en route with let
ters from Miramoi to Santa Anna, requesting
the latter to return to Mexico and take the
head of the government
New Orleans, Feb. 22.—Late news from
MeXioo announces that Gen. Miramox had
readied Orizaba with six thousand men, bound
to Vera Cruz. Great apprehensions were felt
* to the reeult.
Arrival of the Quaker City.
Naif Orleans, Feb. 21.—Thejateamsh ip Qua
ker City arrived this evening, with dates from
San Franciaco (via the Tehuantepec route) to the
sth instant. She brings one hundred and three
passengers.
The Pacific steamer, Stevens, carries forward
a large amount of treasure, and one hundred
and seventy passengers, via Panama.
Business was brisk at San Franciaco, and
montp was easy.
TbS news from Oregon was favorable, and tbe
Indians are reported peaceable.
The Indians in the Southern portion of Cali-
Ibrnia were getting troublesome, and Gen.
Clark was about to proceed with five hundred
men to chastise them.
The legislature of California, by a vote of fit
ty to one, have passed resolutions requesting
Senator Broderick to resign.
Arrival of the Africa.
New York, Feb. 22.—The steamship Af
rica has arrived, but her news had been an
ticipated bv the Prince Albert.
On the sth, in London, the funds had
further declined.
The London News says the Ministry has
been unable to furnish explanations of tbe
intentions of Louis Napoleon.
The Times is convinced that France in
tends to provoke a war, and urges the Gov
ernment to declare tbe freedom of Italy as
tile only me*&* to prevent * war.
Sumter Republican —c. V~cZ7.
f ° rd ’ has Phased an interest in this
Pjcr a nd has entered upon
hw duties as principal Editor. The fo\]J.
v s. 6X raC f from tlle salutatory of the new
tor, will explain the polities of the “R e
publican,” under his administration:-
Politically the Republican will nn A
no change, it will rVflit “u^
°n io , n ° f men measures, which *
shall discuss upon their respective merit
regardless of affiliations. liHudgin* a ’
i‘ t M° nStrUCtion P rinf i plcs of^the'old
State Rights party will he our cardina’m ?
whenever applicable. Yet we would not £
understood as endorsing the doctrine of £
cession or Nulification, for we never ula
stood either. The whole A m e”St n “S’
from Alpha to Omega, meet, „ ur
proval, and we hope to see the dav not r P *
distant, when all the conservative elements
of the country shall unite upon that bads
10 .mfr - oUt . the two £ reat evils °f the times
-Abolitionism at the North, and heteroel!
neous Dem (ag)ocracy everywhere.”
The New State.—The Oregon State Of
fleers are: Governor, John Whiteaker-
Secretary of State, Lucien Heath; Treas’
urer John D. Boon; State Printer, Asahel
Bush. These are all Democratic “Hards.”
The Constitution, under which they will
take office, was adopted by the Oregonians
in 1857. The question of slavery,”' at the
same time, was voted upon, with the follow
ing result:
Against slavery, r ,v,,
In favor of slavery, ’ ” ’ ‘
Majority against,.
An expression of the sentiments of the
people on the question of allowing free ne
groes in the State was also taken, and, as
far as it could be ascertained, the following
was the result:
Against allowing free negroes in the
State, 4 , ••••••.,. 5479
In favor ol allowing free negroes in
the State, qjj
Majority against flee negroes,... .4928
The Nicaragua Treaty.
Below will be found the Cass-Yrissari
treaty, so much talked of, and at times caus
ed unpleasant feelings between America and
England. We have got what w T e long de
sired, a free transit across the Isthmus; a
free port at each terminus ; and a right to
protect by military force, the persons and
property of American citizens if Nicara
gua fails to do so. We shall now have a
quick and secure passage to our Pacific pos
sessions without the fear of future interrup
tions.
Treaty with Nicaragua.—Wc learn
that the Government received official infor
mation on Saturday, of the final ratification
by Nicaragua of the Cass- Yrissari Treaty ,
negotiated in this city last year. We ap
pend a newspaper summary of its provi
sions :
By this treaty the Republic of Nicaragua
concedes to the United States, and to their
citizens and property, the “ right of transit
between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans
through the Territories of that Republic, on
any route of communication, natural or ar
tificial, whether by land or by water, which
may now or hereafter exist or be construct
ed under the authority of Nicaragua, to be
used in the same manner and upon equal
terms by both Republics and their respective
citizens; the Republic of Nicaragua, how
ever, reserving the right of sovereignty over
the same.”
The United States agree to extend their
protection to all such routes, and to guaran
ty the neutrality of the same. They also
agree to employ their influence with other
nations to induce them to guaranty such
neutrality and protection.
Nicaragua engages, also, to establish a
free port at each extremity of the transit for
merchandize and effects in transitu.
Troops and munitions of war can be car
ried by the United States across this transit.
The Postmaster General is authorized to con
vey the mails across this transit by contract
or otherwise.
Nicaragua agrees that in case she should
fail to protect persons and property upon
tbk transit, that the United States shall
have power to do so as long as such mil
itary protection may be considered neces
sary.
Any company establishing a transit com
munication through Nicaragua is only en
titled to the protection of the United States
so long as it fulfils the purposes and adheres
to the spirit and intentions of the treaty.—
If any transit company whatever imposes
exhorbitant tolls, or otherwise misconducts
itself, the protection of the United States
can be withdrawn upon due notice being
given to Nicaragua.
The rights and privileges guarantied by
this treaty cannot be infringed by the terms
of any transit contract, any charter or grant
infringing upon these rights and privileges
being essentially null and void; and by the
same article the protection of the United
States is withheld from any transit company
until they shall make the terms and condi
tions of this treaty, in effect a portion of
their charter, as fully as if it had been em
braced in the original grant.
It is further “ provided that nothing here
in contained (i. e. in the treaty) shall be
constructed so as to affirm or deny the val
idity of the said contracts.”
Any transit company which may be es
tablished is forbidden to pay or declare div
idends exceeding fifteen per cent, per an
num.
The ensuing declares that noth
ing in tho treaty shall affect the rights of
Costa Rica to a free passage in the river San
Juan.
It is understood that a similar treaty was
negotiated here on the part of England by
her Minister, Sir Wm. Gore Oualey, and tho
Minister of Nicaragua, which is probably
also ratified, so that we may hope to hear no
more of the diplomatic bickering and threats
of war about Central American “difficul
ties,” with which the public ear has been
dinned, and the patience of peaceible people
sorely tried for a year or two past.
Hog Cholera.— The Columbus Sun
gives the following prescription of an Ohio
physician for the cure of the Hog Cholera,
now prevalent in some sections of the
State:—
R Ferri Sulph. lb. i. (copperas, 1 lb.)
Potass* Nitrates, lb. j. (Saltpetre, 1 lb.)
Zingiber Pulv. lb. ss. (Ginger, j lb.)
Grind, or otherwise finely pulverize the
iron and potash, then add the ginger. Give
to each animal a teaspoonful every day
when had, or once in two or three days, if
used as a preventive.
Since the above was placed in type, *
friend has informed us, that corn soaked in
a solution of blue vitriol, (as seed wheat is
sometimes done for planting,) and fed to
hogs, will arrest this disease, infallibly.
Outrage on the S. C. Railroad.—A'r
row escape of Mr. Stephen Massed. —On Sat
urday, about half past eight, as the Express
train was passing from Branchville to Au
gusta, and when about forty miles from tbe
city, a pistol ball was fired by someone from
the Road, passing close by the face of Mr.
Masseft, who was awakened by tbe report,
and who, bad he not been leaning back in
the car, would have been instantly killed.—
Mr. I. W. Rice, of Baltimore, was struck by
a piece of stick that was at the same time
hurled through the window. To show that
the pIQ wm prawtiitfifed, os the sight pw-