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VOLUME 10. THE GEORGIA CITIZEN IS PUBLISHED EVERY FRIDAY MORNING, BY L F. \V. ANDREWS. Oi Kl* K Tu'o /Wl beloic Third Street. I KKMS:—JJ.OO ix-r annum. i:i adinirr. GtrrliarM> at th regn’ar charge will lie Onr IhJlnr ... i.f OM A “mired worii* or f” c the tirst in**r , I’ f?g fur each iusnlliHi. All :ul -- not itpotiScd a to time, will lie [eiMblH-il uutil . i .1 I'harjteii accordingly. A liberal divmut allowed l(l l . .... alf > advertise by the year. 1. end arrangementi made with County Officer*, DruggbJs, \ • eer*. hurciaula, and other*, who may wlxh to make limit*!*! c*!titrac:a. Crofcedonal aid Ilii'.liiroCtrdaaiU be inserted un mi, te-ad, at the foll.iwiug rate*, vU: . Five line*, per annum. ♦Sfid f,r >r\eu line*, do Bid [. Tm lines, Il* rti-eiuent ofthU class will be admitted, unless paid ! , .ilvanee. tn>r for a less urn than twelve mo>.tha. Ad \ e'rtisamerits ot over ten line! will lie charged pro rata. Ad * r , meiits mt iraid lor in advance will be charged at the , -v/ular rate>. OMtiiftr) jt or tr ten linc&i will churgetl :it thrt Announcemcnm of candidates for office to be paid for a tl dN<ufcl r.te\ lm iwnti-d. I if lait ii*l mid l'>* FxectiUtr*. A.int.mrfru ♦ *•- inti fiiianllai.'*. art* rvtju.r. and by Law t> I* adrevtiiKd In a r * iio Mr tiny* pivvioiw to the day of jwU*. Tbt*at? x..*- *• must \# on thV flr>t in the m< nh. betwwn , xl\. hour*f*f ten in the fixvio on and three in the afierm* u, :i! the Court-hoUA* in the oHinty in which the property is situ of |Vr*iinl l*n#|rrly mu*l be advertised in like Viticv to tirliinn ami i rrdilon* “fan Estate mu.-t be \oikv th %t anplictiMon win be n.ade to the Ordinary for . tvt to sell laoJiii ami Negretes, must be puLiL-bed weekly for 4 itnii u* for letters of Admiiiistßiioii, thirty days; for I*i.ii ‘i"it roßi Administration, mnthiv, si* DH>Mhi; for I>iNtnUion from Guard iaiishfp, weekly, forty Ua>s. Kill*** for FufrflfrlßK of monthly, four iru'titbs; for c>tabUsiuii|[ 1* -*4 for the full space of three i: nths; f*r compelling titles from e\evutois or BtiuiinUfra ti r> hen’ a Inhm! lias been gi ven by the decease*!, the full p!.&vy of three mouths. THE OVER-HEART. Bt JOHN . WHITTIER. “Inrf Him. and through Him.and to Him arc all things, t wbum be glery forever. ’ —Pam. ALove, below, in sky and sod, In leaf and spar, in star anti man, Well might the sage Athenian scan Tin- geometric signs of God, The measured order of his plan. And India’s mystics sang aright, Os the One Life pervading all, One Being’s tidal rise and fall In soul and form, in sound and sight, Kternal outtlow and reeall. fbd is : and man in guilt and fear The central fact of nature owns: Kneels, trembling, by his altar-stones, And darkly dreams the guilty smear i If blood stppca-es and atones. Guilt shapes the terror: deep within Tin* human heart the secret lies Os all the hideous deities: And, [tainted on a ground of sin, The fabled gods of torment rise! And what i- He? The ripe grain nods, Hi.- soft dttn fa!!, the sweet flowers blow, But darker signs His presence show; The earthquake and the storm are God’s, And good and evil interflow. oh, hearts of love? Oh, souls that turn Like sunflowers to the pure and best! To you the truth is manifest: For they the mind of Christ disoern Who lean like John ii|H>n his breast! In Him of whom the Sybil told. For whom the prophet’s harp was toned. Whose need the sage and magian owned, Tin* loving heart of God behold. The hope for which the ages groaned! Fade pomp of dreadful imagery. Wherewith mankind hath deitiod Their hate and selfishness and pride! Let the scared dreamer wake to see The Christ of Nazareth at his side! What doth that holy guide require? Xo rite of pain, nor gift of blood. But, man, a kindly brotherhood, Looking where duty is desire, To Him. the beautiful and good. Gone be the faithfulness of fear; And let the pitting hen .mb's sweet rain Wash out the altar's bloody stain. The law of Hatred disappear. The law of Love alone remain. How fall the idols false and grim ! And lo! their hideous wreck above, The emblems of the and Dove! Man tutus from God, not God front him. And guilt, in sutfering, whispers Love! The world sits at the feet of Christ Unknowing, blind, and unconsoled: It yet shall touch His garment’s fold. And feel the heavenly Alchemist Transform its very dust to gold. The theme befitting angel tongues Beyond a mortal’s scope has grown, oh heart of mine! with reverence own The fullness which to it belong*. And trust the unknown for the known ! To Parents.— Bead what follow?, pa rents —ponder it well, and do not be caught in the same snare: You may have a little boy—he may be tour years old—you think there is no time to be lost, and you send him to school. There he is cot Jim and for hours, and compelled to sit on a hard bench and look upon a book. lie hears voices of children play ing without, he half rises to look from the window, a rap upon the teachers desk recalls him to his seat up on the bench. A glance shows him the kite sailing in the air to the delight of the little proprietor, and the child is almost involuntarily upon his feet again; auother rap and he again drops into his seat upon the bench. Day alter day, week after week, month after month, the little fellow returns to his prison, and sits upon his bench. At length he becomes pale and languid, loses his appetite, grows restless at night, has a cough, and loses tlesh tu.d spirits. * *ught he not to be taken from the bench? The consequence of .this would be terri ble—he would lose his rank in that school so he continues to sit upon the bench. After a few weeks more he is brought home. He had fainted as he sat upon the bench ! Matters la gin to wear a serious aspect. The doctor is called — pronounces him very ill. A great pity he had been competed to sit upon the bench. It is all over with the poor child. ‘Ere long he dies. A sad calam ity ! But, thank God, theie is one con solation—before he died he learned his A B C*s. hapP' 63l climate does not pro duce all things; and it was so ordered that one part of the earth should want the pro iictof another, for uniting mankind in a ” cral correspondence and good understand ng. 1 . From the JVtir York Herald. ASTRONOMY AND IHE BIBLE. Prof. Milrhel again at the Academy of Music—ls the Divine Word sustained by the Revelations of Science?—The Astronomical Inquiries in the Book oj Job, (t'c. The Academy of Music was nearly filled on Saturday evening, in spite of the rain, on the occasion of a lecture by Prof. O. M. Mitchel, on Astronomy and the Bible, for the benefit of the Ladies’ Five Points Mission. After referring to the occasion, the lecturer proceeded to say that he was to speak of the connection of Astronomy with the most extraordinary volume up on eaith—the most wonderful book, in every aspect in which we can behold it; in its declarations of history, and of things which loom up before the vision of the seer, recorded-by him, and doubt less not comprehended or understood ; in its geology, its chronology, its histo ry, its astronomy, its optics, and every department of science. Not that it teaches science—that is not the object— it has a higher object; but whenever oc oecasion requires, each and every writer has brought into use, for the purpose of illustration, every department of science. In every one of these instances, each has subjected himself to the charge of abso lute ignorance. But more than two thousand years have passed since this record was sealed up, during which sci ence has been working most astonishing revolutions. At the time this book was w ritten, what was known of astronomy, of geology ? fSinee that time, science has upheaved the rock crust of the earth itself, and developed its history before the time that our race inhabited the globe. Let it be remembered that this mighty record was made up amid the splendors of the Roman empire, when the genius of Rome and Greece had pervaded the entire civilized world. Now, the inqui ry comes, whether those who wrote, wrote with intelligence. It is not claim ed that this volume te&thes astronomical science, or any sciaice at all, except the science of religion, which it was given professedly to teach. If this universe is worked by an Almighty Architect, and this volume is his revelation, they har monize. He would call attention lo one chapter in the book of Job—a poem of a higher order. It opens and closes with the necessary prose statements of facts, and between we have some of the most extraordinaty scenes ever depicted by the pen of man. God answers Job out of the whirlwind, and for the purpose of literally and absolutely overwhelming and crushing the reason of puny man, a certain series of interrogatories are pro pounded in astronomical and other de paitments of science. Did he who made them understand the subject? It is true that the most ignorant may propound questions that the wisest cannot answer. A single question, or perhaps two or three, might by chance be asked by an ignorant person, but no person can pro pound a series of difficult interrogatoiies with regard to any science, without ex hibiting a positive knowledge as to how much he comprehends of the science in question, as a person not acquainted w ith music could not. except by chance, select the most difficult pieces from a pile before him. “ Then the Lord answered Job out of the whirlwind, and said, “Gird up now thy loins like a man, for I will demand of thee, and answer thou me. “ Where wsist thou when I laid the foun dations of the earth ? Declare, if thou hast understanding. •* Who had laid the measures thereof, if thou know*st ? or. wlk> hath stretched the line upon it? “ Whereupon are the foundations thereof fastened ? or, who laid the corner stone thereof? “ When the morning stars sang together, and all the sons of God shouted for joy ?” Here is the first grand inquiry. The word translated “foundations” really means sockets, and no one has yet been able to answer this inquiry. Whereon are the foundations of the earth fastened ? Some nay say he did not understand the subject, because the earth has no founda tion. But we have a right to refer to the same author, same book, to get an explanation; and we find that, “He stretches out the north over the empty plae~, and hangeth the world upon noth ing.” Can any astionomer give expres sion to this truth in more striking lan guage ? The fixed stars are at such a distance that light, traveling at the rate of twelve millions of miles in a minute, comes to us in but seventeen long years. Truly God has stretched out the north into vacuity, and literally and absolutely hangs this mighty globe upon nothing. But tome nay say that gravitation holds the earth; but m> living being knows what gravitation is. It is as positively unanswerable now as it was three thou sand years ago, and the time will never come vheu tbe mind of man will have reached the solutiou of this truly impen etrable mystery. “Or who s-hut up the sea with doors when it breaks forth as if it had issued out of the womb ? “ When I made the cloud the garment thereof, and thick darkness a swaddling band for it ? “And break up for it my decreed place, and set bars and doors. | “ And saith. Hitherto slialt thou come, but no further: and here shall thy proud waves be stayed.” Here is an inquiry as to the stability of the ocean —one of the most difficult problems presented in the universe, and utterly beyond the grasp of analysis. We can only reach au approximate re sult. Why is it that there are bounda ries fixed beyond which the ocean wave can never pass ? It is because of the wonderful equilibrium which is establish ed. Let these mighty waters be trans ported to Saturn—there would be no sta bility there, except upon condition of per fect and absolute equilibrium, without disturbance. A whirlwind would in stantly destroy this equilibrium, and the waves, may be, would run mountains high, anti the planet be whelmed, and destruction would follow. How is sta bility established on this earth? It is because God has fixed the boundaries, and it depends upon the relation which he has fixed between the specific gravity of the waters of the ocean, and of the atmosphere that surrounds our globe, and gives to every living thing the element of life. There is a limit to the waves, and science has determined what that limit is. “ Hast thou commanded the morning since thy days, and caused the dayspring to know his face ?” This is a reference to the absolute un iformity of the rotation of the earth upon its axis. In certain places this absolute uniformity is used for the purpose of il lustrating the perpetuity of the covenant which God has made with his chosen. Thus in Jeremiah, we have this : •‘Thus saith the Lord: If ye can break my covenant of the day, and my covenant of the night, and that they should not be day and night in their season : “ Then may also my covenant be broken with David, my servant. “If my covenant he not with day and night, and if I have not appointed the ordi nances of heaven and earth ” While change is the almost invariable and universal law with other planets, the rotation of the earth continues with ab solute uniformity, and unchanged in the amount of time required to make a revo lution. He had verified this a thousand times. If the observer, noting the star passing through the field of his telescope, and the attendant, with his time piece— the one from actual observation, and the other from prediction—should announce the momeut of the star passing the me rilian, both would strike the same iden tical moment of time. Either a contin ual increase or decrease of the velocity of the earth’s rotary movement would end in total destruction. It is the most beautiful, delicite and wonderful equilib rium that the mind of man can conceive. If the velocity is increased, the vast body at once rushes to the poles. How beau tiful is this expression: “He hath compassed the waters w ith bounds, until the day and night come to an end ” And no longer. “ Hast thou commanded the morning since thy days, and caused the dayspring to know his place ? “That it might take hold of the ends of the earth, that the wicked might he shaken out of it ? “It is turned as clay to the seal: and they stand as a garment.” Here is a beautiful allusion to the mol lification of the light of the sun through the atmosphere, so that it does not burst upon us inblazing and blinding effulgence. The light is refracted by the atmosphere, and is turned as clay to the seal, and stands about the earth as a garment. “ Where is the way where light dwelletli ? and as for darkness, where is the place thereof ? “ That thou shouldst take it to the bounds thereof, and that thou shouldst know the paths to the house thereof? “ Knowest t’nou it, because thou wast then born: or because the number of thy days i= great ?” Who can comprehend the mystery of light? Man has discovered nothing but the laws by which it is governed. The number of its undulations controls its tone and color, as the number of the vibrations of a chord determines its sound, or the distance between the cir cles caused by throwing a stone into the still waters of a lake determines the ve locity of the movement. W hat has the age of a person to do with the question in the text? We have determined that some of the fixed stars are so distant that light occupied fifty thousand years in coming from them. We can ascertain these distances with certainty, because we know that if we increase the aperture in the object glass of the telesdbpe, so that it shall be one hundred times great er than ihe pupil of the human eye, ex actly how tar we can see; because we know that the naked eye can distinguish stars of the sixth magnitude; we know the distances of the ms stars, Mid the pow er of the glass, and thus determine the distance of the furtherest stars, accord ing to the power of glass required to see them. And we know if some of these mighty stars were blotted out of existence, the knowledge of that fact could not come to this earth in tens of thousands and hundreds of thousands of years. Surely a mau’s days must be great to have seen the first flash of light! “Canst thou bind the sweet influences of Pleiades, or loose the bands of Orion? “Canst thou bring forth Mazzaroth in his season? or canst thou guide Arcturus with liis sons ?” Everybody would understand the al lusion to Pleiades and Orion, but he could not comprehend those to Mazzaroth and Arcturus. But science had deter mined that these constellations were in turn, by the changing of the vernal equi nox as it were, prognostications of the coming spring, and that about the time the Book of Job was supposed to be written, the constellation of Pleiades per formed that duty. Thus mail cannot bind the sweet influences of Pleiades, but God has bound them up forever. He supposed that Mazzaroth refeirtd to the constellations of the Zodiac. “ K nowest thou the ordinances of heaven ? Caust thou set the dominion thereof in the earth ?” We know that the same laws govern the universe now, that were in existence then, and there is possibly a depth of meaning in this passage which was not then comprehended. It is not plain that any of these inquiries teaches science at all; but how comes it that the revela tions of science have not exhibited igno ranee in the framing of them? Others might have been propounded: “Canst thou measure the earth?” We have done it. “ Canst thou determine the magnitude of these worlds?” It has been done. “ Canst thou weigh the sun as in a balance ?” The inquiry has been answered. “Canst thou penetrate the MACON, GA., FRIDAY, MAY 13, 1859. depths of space V* It has been done. “ Canst thou predict the coming of the mighty eclipse, when the sun’s light shall fade ?” It has been done. “ Thus saith the Lord, which givetli the sun for a light by day, and the ordinances of the moon and of the star* for a light by night; which divideth the sea when the waves thereof roar—the Lord of Hosts is his name, “If these ordinances depart from before me, saith the Lord, then the seed of Israel shall also cease from being a nation before me forever. “Thus saith the Lord: If Heaven above can be measured, and the foundations of the earth searched out beneath, I will also cast off the seed of Israel for all that they have done saith the Lord.” llow is it that these singular illustra tions are employed, and are as perfect to-day as the day they were written ? Again: “As the host of Heaven car.not he num bered, if my covenant be not with the day and with the night.” Every single one of these inodes of il lustration is perfect. The stars are abso lutely numberless, and the illustration is as perfect to-day as the day on which it was written. There might have been another illustration of the north star, fur it was by that that for centuries the people have been guided to the north. It might have naturally been said, W hen yon star sha’l change its place. We know today that the star is changing its place; but the illustration is not there. No such inquiry is made ; and concluded the Professor, I leave the matter with those who have the right to reflect. So far as my own investigations have been made they are n ost wonderful these modes of illustration and these interrog atories here. The Harp and the Piano Forte. BY S. B. BRIT TAN. Great ideas may suddenly cast their shad ows on the mind, but like the New World to the vision of Columbus, they loom up in the distance with shadowy forms and obscure outlines that remain to be clearly perceived and defined by the careful inspection of the close observer. It is seldom that a great thought is conceived in an instant. The Prolific mind has its periods of gestation, and tlie development of a single living idea may occupy many years to its embryotic forma tion and silent growth, before it struggles into visible, active existence. The sublima tion of the subtile elements in nature to the human will; the inventions in the mechanic arts, and the application of scientific discov eries to the practical interests and pursuits of men, have all been progressively realized. Some prophet of God, or high priest in the temple of Nature is inspired with the truth. At first it is but vaguely suggested in pro phetic words, or shadowed forth in symbols of doubtful significance. But by degrees it assumes a more positive form, and the com mon mind is able to trace its clear outlines. The most brilliant artistic achievements, the whole domain of scientific research, and the busy arena of practical life, exhibit many illustrations of this progressive development of the faculties of the mind, manifested in its dominions over the essential forces and material forms of the natural world. Tiie Piano Forte, of which we propose a succinct history, affords a remarkable illus tration of the fact that the uoblest triumphs in Art result from the union of the ideas of several minds in one comprehensive design. Schroder lived belore Fulton or Morse, and the Piano Forte was in use previous to the advent of the Steam Engine and the Tele graph. ludeed, if we trace the instrument front the beginning, we find that in the form of the Harp it has an ancient history, in wrought with the records of musical inspira tion and poetic genius, with the popular amusements and devotional exercises of the most illustrious nations of antiquity. The history and poetry of the Ancient Hebrews, Greeks and Romans, contain frequent allu sions to the Harp. It was used alike to ex tinguish the flames of unbridled passion and to kindle the fires of a pure devotion. It furnished a fit accompaniment to the Orphic Chants of David ; and when Saul was re commended to have recourse to Music as a remedy for his gloomy insaniry. thejnspired Poet and musician ot the Hebrews was em ployed to wake the soul of Music. The nervous tension and mental agitation of the. King were gradually subdued, as the min strel’s skillful hand swept the chords of his lyre. “ Untwisting all the chains that tie The hidden soul of harmony.” The ancient Irish, Scotch and Welch, the Anglo-Saxons and Anglo-Norman o , were skillful performers on the Harp ; and it was in constant use in Fiance in the days of chivalry. It i3 a significant fact that the Harp is emblazoned on the arms of Ireland, which would seem to justify the inference that the spirit of contention or in other words, the war spirit, as a national character istic, was less conspicuous than the love of harmony. Some writers have affirmed that the Harp originated in Syria, and that the Greeks ob tained it from that country. Others assert that its name is of Italian origin, but tuat the instrument was invented by the Irish. However, these and all similar opinions aie set aside by the discoveries of Denon, whose travels and explorations among the ruins of Thebes carry us back to ancient Egypt for the earliest authentic evidence of its exis tence. In the tombs of the Egyptian kings, situated among the mountains at the west of Thebes, he found paintings in which the Harp was represented in nearly the precise form of the modern instrument, and draw ings of the same accompany the narrative of his travels. The Hai p, for ages, has been in triangular form, with chords running in parallel direc tions from the upper extremity to one side. The scale extends through the common com pass, semitone intervals being observed in tuning the instrument. The chords are ac ted on by the thumbs and fingers of both hands. In the 9th century the instrument used among the people of Northern Europe had only twelve strings ; in the 13th centu ry the harp required seventeen strings, while at the present time the number, it we mis take not, is forty-eight It is better suited to the private parlor than to the public con cert room, and few persons at the present day are able to move the strings at once with that degree of delicacy, force and pre cision which are necessary to invest the Harp with the attraction accorded to it by the ancient baids and in classic history. In the form and with the name of the Lyre , the Harp is so intimately associated with the names and the inspirations of the great lyric poets of the Past, that it will al ways claim a place in the most refined cir cles of modern society. In the mind of the polished courtier it is associated with all the glories of chivalry; the classic scholar calls up the illustrious Greeks and Romans whose verses were accompanied by its thrilling tones; the poet remembers that its chords once trembled to notes of inspiration, “When burning Sappho wept and sung,” while the pious saint is carried back to the days of the captivity, when the Hebrew minstrels, hanging their “harps upon the willows, sat down by the rivers of Babylon,” to weep for their country, while they recalled the sacred m-mories that linked their spirits with the departed glory of Zioa. Ihe Clan-chord is a kind of instrument the idea of which was borrowed from the harp. The strings which are supported by five bridges are covered with doth, which has the effect to diminish the power, while it softens the tones of the instrument. It is only adapted to private apartments, and was never in general use. except at one time among the nuns in European convents. An improvement on the last mentioned instrument is present in the Harpsichord. In the main the structure of the two instru ments is similar—the latter being furnished with a sounding board and keys. The pres sure of the fingers on the keys elevates the opposite extremities so as to raise the little blocks of w ood called jacks, which are made to smite the strings. This arrangement was the first great approximation toward the mechanical action exhibited in the Piano Forte of the present day. Its superiority chiefly consists in its capacity to sound many notes, and in enabling the skillful performer to produce those harmonic evolutions which transcend the possibilities of any single in strument. Mozart and several other illustri ous composers used the Harpsichord, and for more than a century it was a favorite in strument in every part of Europe. The great and most substantial improve ment which substituted the Fiano Forte for the inferior instruments that preceded it is ascribed to Christian Gottlieb Schroder, of Ilohenstein, who was born about 1717, at Dresden. This instrument consists of the harp—usually in a horizontal position—en closed in a case, and furnished with mechan ical instruments, and superior modes for striking the chords and regulating the tones of the instrument. The strings are drawn over bridges rising from the sounding board, and are vibrated by being struck with little covered hammers put in motion by a sudden pressure on the keys. In Vienna, Pianos were made with hammers over the strings, but the instrument is usually so constructed that the chords are struck from beneath. Pedals are employed to prolong and other wise modi.y the tunes. The Piano—which is by far the most elegant and useful of all the Stringed instruments—soon superceded the Harpsichord all over the world, owing to the superior strength, fullness and duration of tone, and the extent and variety of the harmonic combinations of which it is sus ceptible. The Grand Piano is certainly one of the noblest instruments ever constructed by human ingenuity, and in the hands of a master may be made to supply the place of an entire orchestra, in rendering the com plicated harmonies of the great composers. When the artistic skill of a Thdberg is com bined with its inherent capacity, it is only inferior—as an earthly interpreter of the Di vine harmonies—to the majestic voices of the Organ, when the soul of zEolus wakes and breathe through its open pipes. LIGHT, NEWTON & BRADBURY S ESTABLISHMENT. We have neither the time nor the space for extended observations respecting the ra pid growth and the present magnitude of a business that now employs thousands of skillful artizuns in the United States and Europe, and which—by fostering the love and cultivating a taste for harmony—has exerted a benign influence on millions of the human race. However, to afford the reader an opportunity to form some imperfect con ception of this branch of business, especially, as it is carried on in this country, I propose to speak briefly of one establishment in New York, to the courtesy of whose intelligent and gentlemanly proprietors I am indebted for important information on the general subject. The principal manufactory of Messrs. Light, Newton & Bradbury is situated at 120-22 Wooster street, New York city. The lower basement of the frout. building is used for drying lumber. The next floor, —or the first below and the first above the ground,—are occupied for sawing and plan ing by steam power, the planing mill being the largest in the United States. In the second and third stories are the case makers, while on the fourth floor (front building) the sounding boards are made. As the quality of tone very much depends on the sounding board, a nice discrimination is required in the selection and use of the materials em ployed in this part of the woik. The first floor of the rear building is used as a drying room; the action makers occupy the second floor; the third story is appropriated to those who make the keys, and the fourth to so many of the case makers is cannot le ac commodated in the front building, while the fifih floor is divided between the carvers and those whose business it is to suing and tune the instruments. There is an intervening space between the front and rear buildings on Wooster street, which is occupied by the steam engine that propels the machinery of the entire establishment, except the more curious mechanism of brains, and nerves and muscles, which are supposed to be worked by superior genius and vitalized lightning. Messrs. Light, Newton & Bradbury not only have all the essential improvements of the best makers together with the requisite facilities for the most successful prosecution of the business, but their PATENT ARCII WREST which is used by no other manufacturers in the world is a most important mechanical improvement in the construction of the in strument Instead of employing iron for this purpose, a3 some manufacturers do— which gives the instrument a metalic and disagreeable sound—or using wood in the ordinary way—which renders it necessary to weaken the part of the instrument where in the greatest possible strength is required— by cutting across the grain of the wood, Light, Newton & Bradbury have a method whereby they sprint] their Patent Wrest into proper form, by the aid of steam and powerful machinery. A strain of ten tons will make no impression on the Arch when the fibres of the wood, instead of being weakened by the continuity being inter rupted at short distances, have their natural power of resistance greatly augmented by the peculiar form they are made to assume in the Patent Arch Wrest, which is certain ly one of the greatest of the recent improve ments in the Piano Forte. EXTENT OK TnE BUSINESS. The entire establishment of this enterpriz ing linn, including the Ware Rooms, etc., at 421 Broome street, covers an area of 50,- 000 square feet, the space being warmed by 10,000 feet of steam pipes. From one hun dred and fifty to two hundred men, with the aid of the most perfect mechanical iostru- mentalities, are enabled to perform the labor. The capital invested in ‘be business is over $250,000. Some 500 instruments are con stantly in the Ware Rooms or in the process of construction, while the proprietors are required to keep, constant’}’ on hand, not less than 1,000,000 feet of lumber. While the Southern and Western sections of the Republic furnish the principal depots for the sale of these superior instruments, Light, Newton A Bradbury’s pianos may not only be found in every State in the Union, but also in South America, the W. I. Islands and in Europe. Wherever their substantial merits are known they will have a command ing reputation, and whether we regard the excellence of the materials used, the perfec tion of their mechanism, their superficial em bellishments. or the combined power, sweet ness and flexibility of tone, they are not likely to suffer, in the estimation of compe tent judges, by a comparison with the best instruments iu the world. MORAL ASPECTS OK THE BUSINESS. There are some trades and professions which appear to weaken the restraints of law and subvert the foundations of private virtue and public morality. Men who forge the chains of despotism and the implements of death, all who either traffic in crowns and sceptres, or such trifling objects as serve but to foster a vain pride or an unhallowed ambition, virtually appeal to the perverted instincts, the gross appetites and depraved passions of mankind. They are (unconsci ously, it may be,) the emissaries of evil, in whom thought and feeling are harsh discords, and whose right hands break the harmonies of the world. Theirs i3 a thankless ta-k. But when I am reminded of what Music has done to subdue and spiritual'zs the baser pas sions—that the savage has yielded to the mysterious spell, the w Id beast been tamed, and even the furious maniac effectually chained by a thing so frail as a harp-string, we cannot but regard every man as a bene factor who labors—no matter how, if he be successful —to harmonize the moral elements of the world. The mind that carefully weighs the influ ence of employment on character—as exhib | ited in the several spheres of human activi ty —and who rightly estimates the mental 1 consequences of individual effort on the | general interests of society, must perceive that men who are thus employed on earth are interpreters and practical preachers of the divine harmonies. All who labor to ad just the scale of being, and to make life musical in spite of those who live, are—in some important sense—ministers ot God, who stay the impetuous tides of passion, who inspire the highest hopes and the purest worship, and who people the passing hours with serener joys and thoughts that bear our souls upward as on eagle’s wings to Heaven. THE FUTURE LIFE. HY WILLIAM CULLEN BRYANT. How shall I know thee in the sphere which keeps The d'aembodted sp rits of the dead, When all of these that time could wither sleeps And periihes among the dust we tread ? Fcr I shall feel the sting of ceaseless psln. If there I meet thy gentle presence not. Nor hear the voice I love, nor read again In thy sertner eyes the tender thought. Will not thy own meek heart demand me there ? That heart whose fondest throbs to me were given ? My name on earth were ever in thy prayer, And must thou never utter it in heaven ? In meadows fanned by heaven's life -breathing wind. In the respicndeLce of that glorious sphere, And larger movements of the un f ettertd mind. Wilt thou forget the love that joined us he.e ? The love that lived through all the stormy past, And meekly with my harshest nature bore. And deeper grew, and tenderer to Uie last. Shall it expire with life, and be no more ? A happier lot than mine, and la-ger light. Await thee there : for thou hast bowed thy will In eheertul homage to the rule of light. And lovest all, and renderest good for ill. For me, the sordid cares in which I dwell, Shrink and consume my heart as heat the scrol;; And wrath has left its scar—the Are of hell He left its rightful scar upon uiy soul. Yet thou wear'st the glory of the sky, W iit thou not keep the same beloved came. The same fair Ihoughtful brow, and gentle eye Lovelier in heaven’s sweet climate, yet the sane?j Shalt thou not teach me, in that calmer home, The wisdom that I learned so ill in this— The wisdom which is love—till I become A fit companion in that land of bliss ? From the Xcw York Herald. The Odd Fellows’ Celebration. The fortieth anniversary of the organiza tion of the Order of Odd Fellows, was cele brated in this city with great enthusiasm. — The day was beautiful; the atmosphere warm, nnd the sky dear. Early in the morning the various societies, headed by bauds of music, were seen moving through the streets, and the general appearance of thirgs was similar to our national anniver sary. At 0 o’clock in the morning the vari ous lodges of this city and from abroad mus tered on the Batten', and at 11 o’clock they took up the line of march at the direction of the Grand Marshal of Ceremonies. The as semblage of tho members of this worthy fia ternity was large, and it is supposed by those qualified to judge that there were not less than ten thousand persons in the procession. After the column had marched over the route designated in the programme of ar rangements, they halted in Madison Square, and formed around a platform erected for the occasion, and from which the Hod. R. B. Boylston, of South Carolina, delivered an oration. It was prefaced with vocal and instrumental music. At G o’clock a quiet collation was given at the Astor House, and at uight a grand soiree was held at the Acad emy of Music. When the procession had arranged itself around the speaker’s stand in Madison Square, the exercises were commenced by prayer. The following Ode, written expressly for the occasion by Bro. B. P. Shillaber, of Si loam Lodge, Boston, Mass., was then sung: Hold up the torch, O Brothers true. Sustained bv warm fraternal feeling; As we that living faith renew, That e’er in good is self-revealing, Let Friendship's honest tongue express The honest heart's sincere emotion ; And at this common shrine confess One aim, one duty, one devotion ! Let Love its holy flame outpour, Our souls with readier zeal impressing; Till through its mission, more and more, Our Order shall be deemed a blessing. Let Truth’s white banner still be pure, Without a stain its folds e’er marring; Its presence shall our peace insure, And soothe the din of human jarring. Hold high the torch! its radiance bright No jealous turbulence should smother ; But may it blaze, a beacon light, To guide in safety every Brother. God’s smile upon the friendly band! And may he bless their grand endeavor To labor on, with heart and hand, In Friendship, Love and Truth forever. ORATION BY R. B. BOYLSTOX. Grand Representative Brother R. B. Boyl ston, of South Carolina, was then introduced to the assemblage, and spoke to the follow ing effect: The spectacle which we see this day ex hibited is characteristic of the age in which we live. IVe hear the strains of martial mu sic, and gay banners lloat upon the morning air; but the trumpet summons us not to battle, nor do the mottoes we display stimu late us to deeds of war. We bear not aloft trophies won upon the well-fought field, nor do we lead in our procession vanquished en emies disarmed and chained. We offer no noble victims at the altar of M irs, the aven ger, nor hang we shields and spears upon the walls of the Temple of Janus. Neither seek we to revive the glowing associations of our revolutionary history, nor to impress upon you the truth that, “ The greatest glo ry of a free-born people is to transmit that freedom to their children.” We come to celebrate the triumphs of peace. Our tri umph is the luxury of doing good, our votive offering the smile of the widow and the or phan, whom our charities have relieved and our sympathies consoled; our victory the grateful satisfaction of feeliDg that— The drying up a single tear has more Os honest fame than shedding seas of gore. Appreciating the necessity and value of combined exertion, our constitution has been organized upon its present basis, and pur sues with system its avowed objects. Pure hearted and philanthropic individuals had before felt that— The secret pleasure of a generous act Is the great mind’s great bribe. The operatiou of our society extends to every class of men. Our principles may be found in our deeds, as should those of all organizations and persons. Where had the Odd Fellow ever been seen naked, that he has not been clothed—huDgry, that he has not been fed—thirsty, that/ie has not been given to drink—sick and in prison, that we visited him not ? Where and wheD, since we first attracted public notice, has it been heard or whispered even that a worthy Odd Fellow sought aid and was refused ? Never, to our well-earned glory, be it spoken.— Through all the trials and vicissitudes to which the laboring classes in England have been occasionally subjected, whenever the stoutest hearts quailed and trembled at the rude touch of grim poverty and want, when their workhouses groaned with repletion—never once, during any period of such eventful history, has the Odd Fellow chewed the hard crust of public charity.— (Cheers.) And when, more recently and nearer home, disease and death looked over a neighboring city—when the ravages of a feai ful epidemic carried terror to every house hold—when the loud cry of stricken human ity appealed for aid to the naiion, and a whole people with open hand and generous heart responded “Amen,” cased the pains of many a dying victim, and restored many a weary sufferer, the Odd Fellows of the Union flew with ready aid to their afflicted breth ien, and not one member of the entire Or der found himself compelled to resort to the public bounty. (Cheers.) These instances illustrate the reality of our professions, and should, we think, secure for us public appro bation. And we thiuk we have, in a great measure, attained this result. It is no lon ger nectssary to deprecate the popular preju dices which once existed. The objection that ours is a secret society has been so oft en exposed and refuted, that it is now rare ly urged. We are not able to surply the wants of the whole human family, and we naturally turn, therefore, first to those of our ‘ own houaehol'. W hi!e our precepts en courage and indie to acts of general charily, ; our associated fund is first devoted to our j own wants and those of the widows and or phans under our charge. Without some iueaus of recognition, known ouly to our selves, we would be subjected to daily and hourly imposition. It is in this respect, therefore, simply a means of self-defence. — As we feel bound to aid every brother who may need our assistance, whenever he may come, it is important that we should be able to guard against deception. If the restric tion of secresy was placed also upon the ex posure of our principles, instead of being confined to our ceremonies, there might be more room for the existence of prejudice.— But to our principles we invite public atten tion ; of these we desire the fullest examina tion ; and it is with this view we appear be fore you to-day. The proceedings of the Grand Lodge of the Uuited States and of the State Grand Lodge are published periodical ly, and no restraint is put upon their circu lation. But even if we do resort to the aid of the mysterious to render our meetings at tractive, or as a stimulant to applications for membership, surely this results in no injury to society or individuals. No oath, as was once supposed, is administered to the candi date; lie is beguiled into no obligations; but their character is explained in advance, and full liberty given to withdrawal any stage of the ceremony, which we do not choose to expose to the public. Nature has not cast her gems upon (lie sea shore, nor exposed her precious stones upon the public high way. Her bubbling fountains, refreshing mac and beast, lie sometimes buried deep in the bowels of the earth, while their streams How forth to the surface. So while our deeds may be seen of all men, our modes of conducting business and of mutual recogni tion are reserved for the initialed. What else have we accomplished? We usually expend liberally in the relief of members, widevved families, burying the dead and ed ucating the orphan. Nor has this fund been exhausted in the expenditures. The child ren, to whom, through our bounty, the blessings of education have been extended, grow* apace, and year by year take their po sition upon the stage of life. No stately pile or marble tablet attests our labors iu their behalf The fundamental principles of our organization render our Order eminently conservative. Everything savoring of poli tics and sectarianism is rigidly excluded in theory and in practice. Parties and factions disturb us not. They may knock at our door, but they can’t gain au entrance. And thus the annual communications of our chief body, embracing a representation from ev ery part of our broad country and the ad joining British possessions, composed of in telligent, zealous, public-spirited men, have proven superior to the behests of party and its conflicting influences. Surrounded, in times of high political excitement, by all the elements which inflame the passions, and possessing as individuals all the varying opinions as to public affairs, which have led to so much bitterness and recriminations in the public counsels of our nation, we have ever, in our assemblies, avoided the utter ance of a single harsh sentiment growing out of such relations. Aud while the Bible is an integral part of the work of our Order, there is no ground for apprehension. that such an association, however honestly insti tuted, may be corrupted so as to become dangerous to the welfare of the State. Apart from the confideuce to be placed in our own profession in this respect, the community NUMBER L may find a sufficient guaranty for their se curity in the circumstance that our Order embraces in its membership every religious denomination and creed, every shade of po litical opinion, every class and condition in life. Professional men and merchants, la boring men and men of ease, rich men and poor men, subscribe to our rolls, and present as a whole a body of men of whom our country may well be proud. The speaker went on to develop further the character of the 0 Id Fellows—their rise and rapid progress in the United States. The benediction was then pronounced by the Rev. Dr. Wells, of Massachusetts. At 5 o’clock, P. 11., *he olheors and mem bers of the Grand Lodge of the United States partook of a collation at the Astor House, given by the Grand officers and oth ers of Southern New York. The collation was gotten up n haste and in an unpretend ing style; but there was, of course, an abun dance of luxuries, and the wine (including a dozen bottles cf native champagne present ed by a wine-growing brother from Ohio), was of the finest quality. The decorations were few, but tasteful and appropriate. The company numbering two or three hundred persons, was seated at the table about quar ter past 5 o’clock, briefly introduced and welcomed to the “ hasty p'ate of soup ” by Grand Master Charles C. Pinckney, who presided, and after grace by the Grand Chap lain—short and sensible—spent au hour very pleasantly and profitably. The cloth was then removed, and the Grand Master, after stating that, as their time would necessarily be short, they had not prepared any set formula of toasts, and 1 referiing felicitously to the universality of : the Order, proposed as the fust toast: “The day we celebrate, and all true-hearted broth i eis who celebrate it.” To respond to this toast he introduced the venerable and wor thy Father, or rather, he would say, Grand father of Odd Fellowship in the United 1 States, Most Worslflpful Fast Grand Sire Thomas Wildey, of Baltimore, Maryland. Mr. Wildey, a gentleman eighty years es age, with white hairs and bowed form, but still possessing much vigor, rose up by the side of the Grand Master, bowed and smiled in respense to trie hearty cheers which greet ed him, and spoke in a low tone in response to the toast. His speech was not altogether to the point, but it was well received by an audience, every man of which plainly en tertained for him a sincere affection. He is ► the acknowledged founder of the Order in the Uuited States, being the man who, forty years ago yesterday, called together four of his brother Odd Fellows in Baltimore, and organized the first Odd Fellows’ Lodge ever bald in this country. He seemed rather like a fine old man who had called his children and grandchildren around him, and was en gaged in relating his recollections of his boy ish days. He spoke of the trouble which, in the early days of the Order, he had had with the lodges of New York and Albany; : how he had been obliged to visit them fre quently to compose their differences, now happily ended ; and how, latterly, while the i Order was iu the zenith of its prosperity, he had made long journeys to different States to organize new lodges. Ir. conclusion, he proposed a seutiment of confusion to the i enemies of Oud Fellowship in the following words: “ The Enemies of Odd Fellowship— May they be rammed, crammed and jammed into a seventy four pounder, and blown out at the touch-hole.” The sentiment was received with a storm of applause. Mr. S. Craighead, Grand Sire of the Grand Lodge of the United States, who of course i sat at the right hand of the Grand Master, replied to a toast in honor of the Grand 1 Lodge of the United State?. Grand Representative Conley, of Georgia, ex-Mayor of Augusta. Ga., made a short : speech, closing with this sentiment: “ The Empire States of the North and the South— New York and Georgia—May they ever be bound together by the same tie that unites us as brothers of the Order.” Other speeches were made and sentiments proposed by Messrs. Dwiuelle, of Northern New York ; Boylston. of South Carolina, or ator of the day ; Tucker, the Grand Marshal of the Grand Lodge of the United States; Rev. Dr. Wells, of Massachusetts; John A. Kennedy, Past Grand Secretary of South ern New York; Rev. Mr. Hera, the Grand j Chaplain of the Grand Lodge of the United States, and some others. The company united in singing “ Auld Lang Syne,” and then, about 8 o’clock, adjourned to meet at the Academy of Music, i The grand anniversary celebration wound up by a magnificent ball at the Academy of Music. The Academy looked in its best ball-room style, and what with the crush of i crinoline, the beauty it encircled, and the j dazzling regalia of the brotherhood, the es ; feet was calculated to produce a present charm and leave behind some delightful memories. Ths house was unadorned, ex cept by an illuminated scroll at the end of the stage, bearing the saving and cheering motto in brilliant jets: $ * * FAITH, HOPE AND C’HARITV. £ ****+*******+************%*+**<- Dancing commenced at 10 o’clock, but it was not for an hour later that the largest portion of the company poured in, and after’ that time the floor presented a maze of that beauty and grace which is ever consp cuoua where our New York belles “ most do con gregate.” Smiles. A beautiful smile is, to the female coun tenance, what the sunbeam is to the land scape. It embellishes au inferior face, and redeems an ugly one. A smile, however, should not become habitual, or inspidity is the result, nor should the mouth break into a smile on one side, the other remaining passive and unmoved, for this imparts an air of deceit and grotesquenes3 to the face. A disagreeable smile distorts the lines ofbeau ty, and is more repulsive than a frown. There are many kinds of smiles, each hav ing a distinctive character—some announce goodness and sweemess, others betray sar casm, bitterness and pride — some often their countenance by their languishing tenderness others brighten it by their brilliant and spir itual vivacity. Gazing and poriDg before a mirror cannot aid in acquiring beautiful smiles half so well ss to turn the gaze in ward, to watch that the heart keeps unsul lied from the reflection of evil, and is illum inated and beautified by all sweet thoughts. Then there is a woman’s sweet laugh, than which there is not a grace more be witching. Its sound has been pleasantly compared to that of flutes on the water. It leaps from her heart in a clear sparkling rill, and the heart that it roaches feels as if bathed in a cool exhilarating spring. It runs the prose of lips into poetry ; it flings showers of sunshine over this darksome world in which we are traveling, and it gilds with light and brightsomenes3 all that it teaches.