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CARING FOR THE WOUNDED.
MODERN HOSPITAL SERVICE ON THE RATTLE-FIELD AND W THE
AMBULANCE SHIP.
The Government devotes tfuiah time
to arrangements for the comfort and
treatment of its wounded soldiers, and'
the medical department of the army
has made so many improvements in
that direction in the oourse of the last
ten or fifteen years that some of the
surgeons who saw service in the Civil
War find a new state of affairs at the
present time. During the Civil War
the medical corps was much smaller
than it iB at present, and, aside from
the regular medical oflloers and hos
pital stowards, there were few men in
the regiments who aould bo utilized
for field hospital work in time of need.
About ten years ago the hospital
corps was organized in the United
States Army, and the system has been
followed by nearly all the National
Guard organizations, with tho resnlt
that a great hospital oorpB, working
under identical rules and regulations,
exists in the regular and oitizen
armies, and is so well equipped nnd
trained that the battle-field risks have
been reduced. In the United States
Army there are now to every company
of sixty men four who are detailed as
litter-bearers. When tho companies
are larger there are more litter-bear
ers, and a full company of 100 men
would he entitled to eight men. In
addition to these thoro nro stewards
and acting stewards and privates who
are detailed for hospital corps sorvioo,
and theso men receive regular instruc
tions in first aid to the injurod.
Red cross nurse ministerino i'O ONE
OF UNCLE SAM’S BOYS.
The regulations proscribe that there
shall be one hospital steward at every
post, and two hospital stowni ds if tho
garrison has six companies, and one
for every additional six companies.
At every post of two companies there
is an additional acting stownrd, and
three privates are detailed for hos
pital corps duty at evory post, nnd
this uutnbor is increased when tho
post oonsists of moro than two com
panies. Tho stewards and noting
stewards are mon who have some
knowledge of pharmacy; mnuyof them
have been lioonsod toprnctioe ns drug
gists, and the privates who are soleoted
to aot with them aro always chosen
because of their general intelligence,
and even in time of peace these meg,
by constant praotice, attain a high
degree of profioienoy in first aid to the
injured.
"Out the Government lias gono still
farther in the matter,” said Colonel
Burns, the officer in ohnrgo of tho
surgeons, and a source of comfort to
his wounded comrade.”
Surgeons who took their first degreo
in the Civil War say that thousands of
men might have been saved in the
course of that conflict if ther^present
system had been in vogue.
"It was not only the private,” said
an Army surgeon, "who failed to re
ceive proper attention beeause of inade
quate preparations and insufficient
help. General officers shared the saino
fato, and died on the battle-fields from
who render first aid are not supposed
to dress the wounds of the men whom
they piok up and carry to the rear,
but thdir business is to bandage
broken limbs so that the bones do
not chafe and scarify the flesh, to
make the mon as comfortable as pos
sible and in all cases to stop hemor
rhages. They know the anatomy of
the hnman body wqll enough to apply
compress bandages at the proper
places and provent the flow of blood,
nnd they know a'lso when and how to
administer stimulants and restora
tives.
“When the man has been carried to
the renv to the field^hospital tho work
of the first aid men is over, and the
patient goes into the hands of the
rogular medical officers. Tho treat
ment is the same as it would be in any
well-regulated hospital. There are
points and features*about a hospital
OItEWSOME SCENES ON THE BATTLE-FIELDS AND IN THE HOSPITALS.
wounds whioh under the present ar
rangements would not. be necessarily
fatal. A notablo example was General
Albort Sidney Johnson, of the Cou-
foderate Army, who was shot in the
thigh nt the battle of Pittsburg Laud
ing. His surgeon was about to attend
to nim when he heard thut nuother of
ficer, of whom he thought much, had
been .rounded. He asked tho surgeon
to minister to the other officer, and be
fore tho medical man roturued to the
place wliero Johnston was resting,
surrounded by his staff officers, the
Gonernl had bled to death. There
woro similar cases on evory battloflold,
and we should see the same distress
ing ncouos in this war if tho medical
servioe had not been improved.”
In tho National Guard commanding
oflloers may cause to be enlisted in
their hospital corps or transferred to
it from oompaniis men suitable for
snob servioe to the number of twelve
for a regiment, eight for a battalion
or squadron and two for each signal
corps, company of infantry or battery.
These men form a separate and dis-
tinct command. They wear n bndge
on the sleeve above tho elbow of
each arm, which -is dcsoribed as a
lozenge of whito cloth, containing in
the centre a Genova cross of red
cloth.
"Drills and practice in making nnd
handling litters may do muoh toward
perfecting the hospital corps and fit-
AMBDLANCE SHIP IN ACTION WHEN A BATTLE IS BAGINO.
medical department at Governor’s Isl
and, "and has paved the way for a
more extended and complete medical
field service. The War Department
recently issued an order directing that
all first and second lieutenants shall
receive instruction in first aid to the
Kjured from the regular medical of
ficers, and that the lieutenants, in turn,
shall devote a certain number of hours
every month to instructing the non
commissioned officers and privates in
first Aid to the injured. By this means
every man becomes an assistant to the
ting its members for actual servioe, ”
said an army surgeon, “but it re
quires actual field work to bring out
the true value of the organization.
The first aid to the injured instruc
tion has made it an easy matter for
the litter-bearers and the members of
the hospital corps to improvise litters
out of muskets and straps, pieces of
wood and strips of blankets, and the
men all know how to make bayonets,
scabbards and shoe soles take the
plaoe of splints until a permanent
dressing may be applied. The men
because everything is of a temporary
.'h irooter, but the surgeons’ kits con
tain everything neoesssavy ior *>ntl-
septio surgery, and tho temporary
operating tables are kept as dean as
the surroundings will permit. A field
hospital may be a dismounted ambu
lance, a barn or n church or sohool-
house, and no surgeon can make ar
rangements muoh before ho needs it
for tho place where* ho will establish
his headquarters.
"The objeot is to have the wounded
beyond tho line of danger, and when
tho place has been selected, the sen-
AN ARMY AMBULANCE IN CUBA.
ior surgeon becomes the commanding
officer. Tho tont or building is
guarded and protected by a detach
ment of troops detailed for that pur
pose, tho hospital flag is hoisted, nnd
in case of defeat and retreat the
wounded nro mo' - ed under oover of a
guard in ambulances to a place of
safety—if possible.”
The pouches carried by the hospital
corps orderlies contain orossed-bar
wire for splints, four roller bnndages,
six gauze packages, four first-aid
paokages, one iodoform sprinkler,None
Esmarch tourniquet for arresting
hemorrhages, half an ounoe of oarbol-
ized vaseline in a tube, two ounces of
ammonia in a glass bottlo in a leather
oase, two ounces of plain gauze, one
ounco of lint, one irrigator, one bottle
of ligatures, one pair scissors, one for
ceps and needle-holder, one diagnosis
book, one case of pins and needles,
three ounces of chloroform in a glass
bottlo in a leather caso, half a yard of
wire gauze for splints, one hypo
dermic syringo with tablets and a
small medical case containing tablets
of aoetnuilid, camphor nnd opium,
quinine, cathartic compound and anti-
septio.
The hospital corps pouches contain
each Bix' rolled bandages, two yards of
gauze, one ounce of absorbent lint,
one iodoform sprinkler, ono tourni
quet, one-half cnuco carbolized vase
line, one spool of rubber plaster, one
pair of scissors, ono jackknife, two
ounces of ammonia, one case of pins
and needles and four first aid pack
ages.
The regulations provide that cor
porals and privates of the hospital
corps shall, in active servioe, carry a
canteen of water, a knife of approved
pattern and tho hospital corps
pouches.
The handling of wounded on ships
of war is a subject which is engross
ing tho attention of the naval author
ities of the world. The vessels util
ized for this service must be swift
steamers of fairly good capacity so far
os room for the sick is concerned, and
yet not of too large size to prevent
quick turning and darting around and
among n fleet of vessels. The treat
ment of the crew of such a craft is
precisely that accorded the Red Cross
Brigade. It is an unwritten law of
every civilized nation that a wounded
man and the man who Aids him aro
both to be protected.
A difficulty that has been carefully
considered lies in the removal of the
wounded from the cruiser’s decks to
those of the ambulance ship. It is
believed, however, that this difficulty
has boon surmounted by an arrange
ment that is as admirable as it is sim
ple. It merely consists in placing
the injured man on a mattreBB in a
hammock, lashing him to the ham-
mook, and then by means of safety
hooks attached to tho end of a stretch-
or-bar to tho boat from tho ambulance
Ship, whioh lies alongside. This
action can be performed, unassisted,
by two men, so far as transporting
the injured man from the place where
he falls to the boat’s crow is con
cerned.
HOW TO FURNISH A VERANDA.
A Pleasant Warm-Wentlier Room Fot
Conntrr llooscs.
Every year the voranda is becoming
more and moro an integral part of the
honse beautiful. It is no longer
merely a shelter from the elements,
sparsely furnished with chairs, but is
a living room and treated aB such, and
is furnished with tho same taste and
care that are bestowed upon fie rest
of the rooms. Of course, ■ goes
without saying that both thsltextile
and furniture employed must ql as fat
as possible weather-proof, but (his ie
no handicap nowadays, as rugs and
materials that defy ruin and snow are
to be had in the greatest variety—ex
cept directly on the seashore, where
the dampness nnd high winds make it
impossible. An outdoor room, netted
in so that the lights at night will not
attraot troublesome insects, prettily
and comfortably furnished, should he
a part of every country house. Cur
tains made of colored awning cloth and
hung with small brass rings on 9
slender galvanized iron rod, so that
they mny easily be pnshod forward
and back, are both usefal and pretty,
although some people prefer . Vene
tian blinds or the rattan shades, whioh
now come for verandas of any width
desired. Hammocks, of course, are
the natural lounging places for a ver
anda room, but they are now made
much more elaborately than formerly,
utilizing space.
with valnnces hanging on either side,
aud piled up with.cushions of many
colors.
The accompanying sketch ehbws
one which filled a corner of tho ver
anda of a seaside cottago last summer.
The shape is an irregular elongated
triangle, with two BideB against tho
walls of the house, and cousists of a
frame a foot high, on which is a mat
tress covered with India rubber doth.
Over this is a buttoned covering of
green denim, with a flounce, and, the
drapery consists of an old sail aUl a
fish-net, whioh is held.up by a pal: of
oars find a crab-net, all of w^ich
have been well-seasoned by wind knd
weather, |
Fire Crackers In China.
The use of fire crackers is univeifeil
in China, aud has been so as far bi
as history records. It is most prtfl-
able that in the beginning they wop
used to frighten awuy evil spirit
Now they are most frequently an e ;
pressiou of good feeling or of ceremo:
ious compliment. They are used
weddings, births and funerals; at fe
tivals; religious, civil nnd military
ceremonies; at New Year; to saluti
persons about to make a jouruey; and,
in faot, on all occasions out of the]
ordinary routine.
CURIOUS FACTS.
London was the first city to use coal
Bamboo is of universal use in China.
Several people living have double
rows of natural teeth.
Within the antarctic circle there has
never been found a flowering plant.
The steam power of Great Britain
represents the combined strength oi
1,000,000,000 men.
As early as the year 47 B. C. Hie
great Alexandrian library contained
over 40,000 valuable hooks.
It is a enrious circumstanco that
some of the most important inventions
have been discovered by lunatics.
It is suid that in some of the farm
ing districts of China pigs are har
nessed to small wagons and made to
draw thorn.
London has now a Society for the
Supression of Street Nuisauces ns well
ns’a Society for the Suppression of
Street Noises.
At the beginning of a recent thun
der-storm electrified drops were ob
served that cracked fnintly on reach
ing the ground and emitted sparks.
In the palace of the Sennte in the
ospitol at Bomo a number of medieval
frescoes were discovered recently by
workmen who were tearing down a
partition wall.
The City of Ghent, in Belgium, is
built on twenty-six islands. These
islands are connected with each other
by eighty bridges. The city has 300
streets and thirty public squares.
An English offioer discovered in In
dia a working telephone (not electric)
j hetween two temples of Jnuj about a
mile apart. The system is said to
have been in operation at this place for
I over 2000 years.
Anthropologists hnve ascertained
I that the Andaman Islanders, the
] smallest race of people in the world,
average less than fonr feet in height,
1 while few of them weigh more than
| seventy-five pounds.
| It is claimed for Netley Hospital
j that it is the longest building in Eng-
: land, being nearly a quarter of a mile
j long. The next to this particular
I dimension is Wentworth Wodfcliouse,
, in Yorkshire, the seat of Lord Fitz-
■ william.
Squirrel Hunters In War.
One oaptious critic who comments
upon the fact that the volunteer troops
nt Chicknmauga are unprepared for
war sneoringly remarks: “Many of
theso raw soldiers know nothing about
hnndling a gun, except such experi
ence as they have had iu shooting
squirrels.”
That criticism maybe deseived, but
the squirrel-hunting point is not well
taken. Anyone who knows aught of
sport or woodcraft knows that he who
can shoot squirrels can shoot any
thing else. To be a squirrel hunter
ono muBt hove a quick eye, ou un
erring aim and good judgment.
Spaniard shooting is an infinitely
easier task.
The squirrel hunter already has won
an enviable position in tho military
history of this country. Tho “squir
rel hunters” of New England were
tho first to try their marksmanship
ou British red-coats in 1770. Conn-
pnnics of “squirrel hunters,” organ
ized throughout tho Eastern States,
nlso rendered highly efficient service
during the war of 1812; Jackson’s
“squirrel hunters” at Now Orleans
won the greatest viotory of the ontire
war, and taught tho British Geueral
Pakenhnm to respect American marks
manship. In the great Civil War
many oompnnies of expert l-iflomen,
detailedjfor service ns sharpshooters,
were known ns “squirrel hunters,”
nnd if the boys at Chicknmauga equal
their record on the battlefield, the
Nation will hnve good canso to remem
ber them gratefully. The boys who
cau Bhoot squirrels are all right.-—
Chicago Times-Herald.
The Youngest Captain.
Captain Smith, of Company D, One
Hundred and Fifty-ninth Regiment,In
diana Volunteers, now at Camp Alger,
Va., is the youngest Captain in. the
CAPTAIN E. UOSS SMITH,
Of Washington, Ind.
volunteer army. He is nineteen years
of age, and n son of Captain S. M.
Smith, a veteran of the Civil'War.
An Expensive Tomb.
Tho finest tomb in Great Britain is
undoubtedly that of tho Duke of Ham
ilton, iu tho grounds of the Duke’s
seat. It cost over §1,000,000.
More than forty per oent. of the
British people could not write their
names when the Queen ascended
the throne. The proportion in that
condition has now been reduoed to
seven per cunt.
’’All Hands Abandon Nlilp.”
A naval officor thus describes the
realistic “All bauds abandon ship!”
drill: “Two minutes after the word
has been passod every ship’s boat has
swung from its davits into the water,
and n minuto later every boat is thor
oughly provisioned and watered.
Within four minutes, and often iu
much quicker time, every man of the
ship’s company, from the commanding
fficer down, is occupying the station
a the boat called for by bis ship’s
umber, and then tho command
beer off!’ is given. The boats are
,uled away a couple of hundred feet
m the deserted vessel, and she
es without n human soul aboard
, often when the drill is gone
tfcough in midocean, in a sea that
t%< landsman would account terrific.
n the word ‘Board!’ is passed, and
wltiin eight minutes at the most nil
hfills are not only 011 board again,
bim t every boat has been relnshed to
tht davits, all of the provisions,
wall- instruments nnd other gear hnve
beefcremoved nml the ship’s oompany
is ihi fair way to get to sleep again."
—Vo.’ York Tribune.
An Optical “Delusion.•»
“Paw, can you see farther with a
telescope than with the naked eye?”
“Of course you can, Johnny." “How
can that be when it brings everything
nearer?"—Chicago Tribune.
What will Become of China?
None can foresee tho outcome of the quarrel
betweon foreign powers over the division of
China. It la Interesting to watch the going to
S leces of this ancient but unprogressive race.
tany people In America are also going t+
nieces because of dyspepsia, coustlnation,
blood, liver and stomach diseases. Wo are
living too fast, but strength, vigor and good
health can bo retalnod if wo keep off aud euro
the abovo diseases with Ilostetter’s Stomach
Bitters.
In Costa Ricacanary birds, bullfinches and
paroquets aro special table daiuties.
Beauty la Dlood Deep.
Clean blood mean* a clean akin. No
beauty without it. Cascarets, Candy Cathar
tic clean your blood and keep it clean, by
stirring up the lazy liver and driving all im
purities from the body. Begin to-day to
banish pimples, boils, blotches, blackheads,
and that sickly bilious complexion by taking
Cascarets,—beauty fo.r ten cents. All drug
gists, satisfaction guaranteed, 10c, 25c, 50c.
In a recent book on China the author says
that Chinese burglar* are difficult to catch, aa
they oil their bodies all over and twist their
pigtails into bunches stuck full of needles.
To rure a Cold In One Dajr.
Take Laxative Bromo Quinino Tablets. All
Druggists refund money if it fails tocure. 36c.
Mrs. Winslow’s Soothing Syrup for children
teething, softens tho gums, reduces inflamma
tion,allays pain,cures wind colic. 2oo. a bottle.
yJ®*? “Pick Leaf” SmokingTitaece
is the beet of the best.” 2 ounces and cigar
ette book for 10 cents. Try it
. Shallows Lave been met at sea more than
1,000 miles from land.
Educate Yonr Bowels With Cascarets.
Candy Cathartic, cure constipation forever.
10c,toe. IfC.C. C. fall, druggists refund money.
You Can
Get Tired
By working hard, and then you can get
rested again. But if you are tired all the
time it means that your blood is poor.
You need to take Hoqd’s Sarsaparilla, the
great euro for that tired feeling bocoruse
it is the great enriehor and vltalixer of th >
blood. You will find appetite, nerve,
mental and digestive strength in
Hood’s Sarsaparilla
America's Greatest Medicine.
Hood's Pills cure naiuea,indigestion. 35c.
A Wondtrli'l Clock.
In one of the town halls in a Japan
ese treaty pvt there Is a remarkable
time-piece. It is contained In a hand-
aome frame, three feet,wide and five
feet long, it represents a noonday
landscape, very cleverly carried out.
In the foreground plum and cherry
trees appefir In bloom, while In the
rear a hill Is to be seen, from which
flows a pretty cascade, imitated in
crystal. From this cascade flows a tiny
stream, which wends Its way between
rocks and islands and flnaly loses itself
In a stretch of woodland. In a minia
ture sky a golden sun turns on a silver
wire, striking the hours on a silver
gong as It passes. Each hour Is mprked
by a creeping tortoise. A bird of rich
plumage warbles at the close of the
hour, and, as the warbling ceases, a
mouse suddenly makes Its appearance,
and, scampering over the hill to the
garden, Is soon lost to view Altogether
It Is’certainly a wonderful piece of
mechanism.—San Francisco Chronicle.
"nervous depression.
-ggerweetl” a Perennial Plant.
Safezeweeil, or sneezewort, other
wise Known as “staggerweed,” is a
oU branching perennial plant,
y three feet high, with thick,
e-y apod leaves and showy yellow
ci* It grows commonly iu moist
grounl The whole plant, especially
the fib er, is acrid and pungent.
When hiwdered,' it causes violent
sneezing and is used in medicine to
product that effect. Sheep, cattle
aud hofi|s are often poisoned by it.
One insyice is recorded where sev
eral perils were poisoned by eating
bread cojiiuiinated with tho seeds of
sneezewfifl. The nature of the poison
is not knp-n, but it exists principally
in the flagys. Symptoms are diffi-
:ult brewing, staggering, extreme
sensitivefies to the touch, and con
vulsions.-1-Iew York Snn.
[A TALK WITH MRS. PINKHAU.]
A woman with the blues is a very un
comfortable person. She is illogical,
unhappy am) frequently hysterical.
The condition of the mind known as-
“ the blues,” nearly nlways, with wo- .
men, results from diseased organs of ’
generation.
> It is a source of wonder that in this '
age of advanced medical science, any
person should still believe that mere
force of will and determination will
overcome depressed spirits and nerv
ousness in women. These troubles are
indications of disease.
Every woman who doesn’t under
stand her condition should write to
Lynn, Mass., to Mrs. Pinkhom for her
advice. Her advice is thorough com
mon sense, and is the counsel of a
learned woman of great experience.
Read the story of Mrs. F. S. Bennett,
Westphalia, Kansas, as told in the fol
lowing letter:
"Dear Mrs. Pink ham:—I have suf
fered for over two years with falling,
enlargement and ulceration of the
womb, and this spring, being in such
a weakened condition, caused me to
flow for nearly six months. Some time
ago, urged by friends, I wrote to you
for advice. After using the treatment
which you advised for a short time,
that terrible flow stopped.
“I am now gaining strength and
flesh, and have better health than I
have had for the past ten years. I
wish to say to all distressed, suffer-
ng women, do not suffer longer, when
there is one so kind and willing to
aid you."
Lydia E. Pinklmm’s Vegetable Com
pound is a woman's remedy for wo
man's ills. More than a million wo
men have been benefited by it
YELLOW FEVER
PREVENTED
"Our Native Herbs”
THE GREAT
Blood Purifier, Kidney and Liver Regulator.
aoo DAYS’ TREATMENT, $ I .OO.
Containing a Registered.Guarantee.
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THE ALONZO 0. BUSS CO..Washington,D.C.