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To provide for organizing* arming and difti- 1 plining the miStia, atfd for governing such part of them a* may be employed in the service of the United States, reserving to the flltts refpeAivefr the appointment of the officer*, and the authority Os training the milkia according to the difeipline prescribed by Congrefa. To cxercife exclusive legislation in all cases whatsoever, over such diftriA, (not exceeding ten miles Square) as may, by cession of particular Hates, and the acceptance of Congress, become the feat of the government of the* United States, t and to exercifc like authority over all places pur chased by the consent of the legislature of the Hate in which the fame (hall be, for the ereAion of forts, magazines, arsenals, dock yards, and other heedful buildings. And To make all laws which (hall be neceflary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers veiled by this Con- b (litution in the government of the United States, or in any department or office thereof. Sea. IX. The migration or importation of Such persons as any of the dates now existing (hall think proper to admit, dull not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the year *BOB, but a tax or duty may be impodtd on such importation, not exceed ing ten dollars for each person. The privilege of the writ of Habeas Corpus (hall no{ be suspended, unless when in cases of re bellion or invasion the public Safety may require it. No bill of attainder or ex ptft /ado law (hall be pafied. No capitation or other direA tax (hall be laid, tinlefs in proportion to the ccnfus or enumeration herein before direAed to be taken. No tax or duty fluH be laid on articles exported from any date. No preference (hall be gtven by •ny regulation of commerce or revenue to the I ports of ons date over tftofe of another; nor (hall veflels bound to, or from, one date, be obliged to cuter, clear, or pay duties in another. No money (hah be drawn from the treafnry, but in consequence et appropriations made by law; and a regular dattment and account of the receipts and expenditures of all public money (ball bepub- Itihed from time to time.. No title of nobility (half be granted by the United States. And no person holding any office of profit or trust under them, (Tull, without the consent of the Congress, accept of any present, emolument, office, or title, of any kind what ever, from any king, prince, or foreign date. Sett' X. No date dull enter into any treaty, 4 alliance, or confederation ; grant letters of marque and reprisal; coin money; emit bills of credit ; snake any thing but gold and Silver coin a tender in payment of debts; pass any bill of attainder, ex fljtjudo law, or law impairing the obligation of comraAs, cr grant any title of nobility. No date dull, without the consent of the Con gicls, lay impods or duties on imports or exports, except what may be absolutely necefiary for exe cuting its inipeAion laws ; and the net product of all duties and impods, laid by any date on imports or exports, dull be for the use of the treasury of the United States j and all such laws dull be fub jeA to the revision and controul of the Congress. Jtfo date dull, without the consent of Congress, j hiy any duty of tonnage, keep troops, or diips of war in time of peace, enter into any agreement or compaA with another date, or with a foreign power, or engage in war, vnlefs aAually invaded, or in such imminent danger as will not admit of . delay. 11. SeA. I. The executive power (ball be veiled in a president of the United States of America, He (hall hold his office during the term of four years, and, together with the vice-president, cho | lcn for the fame term, be eleAed as follows : Each date (hall appoint, in such manner as the legidature thereof may direA, a number of elec tors, equal to the whole number of Senators. and leprefentatives to which the date may be entitled in the Congress 1 but no Senator or representative, or person holding an office of trud or profit under the United States, (hall be appointed an eleAor. The clcAers (hall meet in their refpeAive dates, and vote by ballot for two persons, of whom one at lead (hall not be an inhabitant of the fame date with themfelvss. And they (hall make a lift of all the persons voted for, and of the number of votes for each ; which lift they (hall figaand cer tify, and transmit Sealed tatbe feat of the govern ment of the United States, direAed to the presi dent of the Senate. The president of the senate (Hall, in the 'prefence of the Senate and house of representatives, open all the certificates, and the votes dull then be counted. The person having the grtateft number of votes (hall be the prefidenr V it such number be a majority of the whole number appointed; and if there be mere than one who have fixffi majority *nd have an equal number of votes, then the house ©f-reprcfenta tives (hall immediately chufe by ballot one of. them for prelident; and if no person Have a majority, then from the five highest on the lift, the fatd house (hall in like manner chufe the president. But in chufing the president, the votes ffiall be taken by states, the reprefentatiom from each state hav ing one vote ; a quorum for this purpose (hall con sist of a member or members from two-thirds of the states, and a majority of all the states ftial be necessary to a choice.* In every case, after the choice of the president, the person having the sreateft number of votes of the eleftors fnall be she vice-president. But if there (hould remain two or more who haveequal votes, the fenart lhaU chufe from them by ballot the vice-president. The Congress may determine the time of chuf- - ine the e'leftors, and the day on which they (hall give their votes; which day fliall be the feme throughout the United States. _ , No perfbn except a natural born- citizen, or a citizen of the United States, at the time of the adoption of this Conffitution, (hall be eligible Co the office of president; neither (hall any person be eligible to that office* who (hall not have attained . to the age of thirty-five years, and been fourteen years a resident within the United States. In case of the removal of the president fice, or of his death, resignation, or inability to , difeharge the powers and duties of the said office, the fame (ball devolve on the vice-president, and ' the Congress may by law provide for the case of removal, death, resignation, or inability, both of the president and vice-president, declaring what officer (hall then aft as president, and such officer shall aft accordingly, until the disability be re moved, or a president shall be elefted. The president shall, at Hated times, receive for . his services, a compensation, which shall neither be encreafed nor diminished during the period for which he fliall have been elefted, and he shall not receive within that period any other emolument from ihe United States, or any of them. Before he enter on the execution of his office, he fliall take the following oath or affirmation: “ I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the office of president of the United States, and will to the belt of my ability, preferve,proteft and defend the constitution of the United States.* Seft. 11. The president fliall be commander in chief of the army and navy of the United States, and of the militia of the fcveral states, when cal led into the aftual service of the United States j he may require the opinion, in writing, of the prin cipal officer in each of the executive departments, upon any fubjeft relating to the duties of their re fpeftive offices j and he fliall have power to grartt reprieves and pardons for offences against the United States, except in cases of impeachment. He fliall have power, by and with the advice ’ and confcat of the senate, to make treaties, pro vided two-thirds of the senators present concur; and he fliall nominate, and by and with the advice and consent of the senate, fliall appoint ambassa dors, other public miiiiflers and confute, judges of the supreme court, and all other officers of the United States, whose appointments are not herein othevwife provided for, and which shall beeftab lifhed by law. But the Congress may by law vest the appointment of such inferior officers, as they think proper, in the president alone, in the courts of law, or in the heads of departments. The president fliall have power to fill up all va- ■ cancies that may happen during the recess of the senate, by granting commiffion6 which shall ex pire at the end of their next session. Seft. 111. He ffiall from time to time give to the Congress information of the state of the union, an<f recommend to their confederation such mea sures as he (hall judge necessary and expedient; he "may, on extraordinory occasions, convene both houses, or either of them, and in case of disagree ment between them with refpeft to she time of ad* journment, he may adjourn them to such time as he (hall think proper r he fliall receive ambaffa iors and other public miniilers; he (hall take care that the laws be faithfully executed, and (hall commission all the officers of the United States. Seft. IV. The president, vice-president, and ali civil officers of the United States (hall be re moved from office on impeachment for, and fcOn viftion of, treason, bribery, or other high Crimea and misdemeanors. HI. Seft. I. The judicial power of the United States ffiall be vefled in one supreme court, and in such inferior courts as the Congrels may from time to time ordein end edebUlh. The )ud both of the supreme end inferior court., flail bold their offices during good betaviour, end flail u #«ed tc«i nbt tfccic touts* »■ mmgahuta, | wbicteftialj not.be aiaainiffied during their continu ance* in office* wbicaftiaU not.be aiaamuhed during tncir continu ance* in office* Seft. 11. The judicial power ffiall extend to all cases in law and equity, arising under tbisCon ftitution, the laws of the United States, and trea ties made, or which fliall be made, under their authority; to all cases affefting ambassadors, other public ministers and confute ; to all cases of ad miralty and maritime jurifdiftion ; to controver sies to which the United States (hall be a party; to controversies between two or more states, be tween a state and citizens of another state; be tween citizens of different states; between citi zens of the fame state claiming lands under grants of different states, and between a state or the ci tizens thereof, and foreign ftate6, citizens or sub» jests. * In all cases affefting ambafladors, other public ministers and confute, and those in which a state (hall be party, the supreme court (hall, have origi- . nal jurifdiftion. In all the other cases before mentioned, the supreme court (hall have appellate jurifdiftion, both as to law and faft, with such exceptions, and under such tegulations as tha. Congress (hall make. The trial of all crimes, except in cases of im peachment, (hall be by jury; and such trial shall be held in the state where the said crimes (hall. h avqr* been committed, but when not committed within any state, the trial (hall be at such place or places as the Congress may by law have direfted. Seft. • HI. Treason the United States, (hall conlift o ily in fcvying war against them, or in adhering to their enemies, giving them aid and comfort. No person (hall be convifted of treason uuiefs on the testimony of two witnesses to the fame overt aft,, or on confeflion in open court. The Congress (hall have power to declare the punithment of treason, bur no attainder of trea son fliall work corruption of blood , or forfeiture* except during the life of the person attainted*. IV- Seft I. Full faith and: credit (h air be given in each state to the public afts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state, and the Congress may by general laws, preferibe the manner in which such afts, records and proceedings (hall be proved, and the effeft thereof. Seft. 11. The citizens of each state (hall be en titled to all privileges and immunities of citizens in the feveial states. ; A person charged in any state with treason, fe lony, or other crime, who (hall flee from justice, and be found in another state, lhaU, on demand of' the executive authority of the state from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the ft at Or having jurifdiftion of the crime. No person held to service or labo ur in one state, under the laws thereof, escaping into another, lhaU, in confqucuce of any law or regulation there in, b e difeharged from such service or labour,, hut (hall be delivered up on the claim of the part/ to whom such service or labour may be due. Seft. 111. New states may be admitted by Con gress into this union; but no new state (hall be formed or erefted within the jurifdiftion of any other state ; nor any state be formed by the junc tion of two or more states, or parts of states, with out the consent of the legislatures of the Hates concerned, as well as of the Congress. The Congress (haU have power to dispose of and make all needful rules and regulations refpefting the territory or other property belonging to the United States, and nothing in this Constitution (hall be so construed as to prejudice any claims of the United States, or of any particular state. Seft. IV. The United States (hall guarantee to every state in this union, a republican form of government, and (hall protest each of them againlt invasion; and on application of the legiilature, or of the executive (when the legiilature cannot be convened) against domestic violence. V. The Congress, whenever two-thirds of botfe houses (hall deem it necessary, (hall propofo amendments to this Constitution, or on the appli cation of the legislatures of two-thirds of the fc— veral states, fliall call a convention for proposing. amendments, which in either case, fliall be valid to all intents and purposes as part of this Conftiw tution, when ratified by the legislatures of three fourths of the fcveral states, or by convention in three-fourths thereof, as the one or the other mode* of ratification may be pcopofed by Congress s Provided that no amendment which may be made* prior to the year 1808, (hall in any manner affett the flrft and fourth clauses in the ninth feftion q£ the firft article » and that no state, without its con sent, (haU be deprived of its equal fuffrage in th*. senate. VI. AU debu cootnftd and engagement* emsrej «. ‘