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Saturday, jifayio, 178 ft,
GEORGIA STATE GAZETTE
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INDEPENDENT REGISTER.
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FREEDOM of the PRESS, and TRIAL by JUR Y, to remain inviolate forever. Ccnjlituiicn as Georgia* ’
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AVGU ST At Printed by JOHN E. SMI TH, Printer to the State ; Pfays, Articles of,
Intelligence , Advert foments, &c* will be gratefully received, and every kind of Printing performed* «
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; d ijt e c r 1 o n s
. . FO R THE
CULTIVATION AND MANUFACTURE -
I N D I G 0.
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, By an INDIGO PLANTER.
. Os planting.
CLEAR your land and grub up every root *
dig it hoe deep, and endeavour to make
it fine as a garden,. breaking every clod,
aijd ; ijiaking about fixty ; .rows in a quarter of
an acre. On bushel of feed will sow four acres.
Trench Very straight, and let your rows run
in ftjch a diredlibn, that the breeze may blow
freely through them. Sow your feed late'in.
the afternoon* .and do not cover it till early
in the morning, before the fun dimes upon
it,, by which means .you will find the feed
fwellcd by the dew. of the night, which will
cause it to grow up a week sooner than if
sown and covered immediately; a very ma
terial cpnfi<leratien in planting all kinds of
feeds, which would probably, receive the fame
benefit frdmthe fame manner of treatment*
Xou xjiay plant corn among your indigo, giv
ing it double the distance of what is common*
and you will not hurt the indigo in the least.
If your land abounds with ants, worms, or
grubs, that will destroy the feed, or eat the
plant when it is grown up, deep your feed in
water in which crude mercury has been boiled,
and sprinkle it with th.it water whiift it is yet
in the ground, which will effectually destroy
them all*. A pound of crude mercury will
communicate its virtue to thousands of gal
lons of water, it 3 own virtues unimpaired,
and its quantity not in the lead diminiihed.
Os C U T TIN G*
When the plant is in full blossom, and be
gins to Ihew pods of feed, and that the leaf,
%vhen doubled, breaks freely, then cut it im
mediately *, do not cut the plant nearer the
ground than fix inches, and leave a few
branches on the stem ; they serve to draw up
the sap, and the plant will grow up the better
for it; for when you cut so low as to leave a
naked stalk, the weed will grow bulhy, but
nlit To luxuriaut as by this method. Be sure
to cut it before the fun riles, and whiift the
dew is upon it; then carry it quickly to tfee
vat, and pump the water on it dneftly. Af
ter every cutting takes place give your field a
thorough hoeing, and when dry weather sets
in, give your plants a double, nay, a triple
lifceing, for by cultivating in this manner,
you gain the full effects of the dews, which
•will keep the ground moist to a very great
degree.
Os STEEPING.
Try, from time to time, some of the wa
ter out of the deeper with strong lime water ;
when the weed is deeped enough, the mud
will fettle of a fine copper colour, but over
steeped it will be of a black muddy colour;
at firft it will be of a pale green, uext of a
purple, but as yet it is not steeped enough
wait for the true copper before you draw. If,
oq dipping your hand down to .the middle of
the vat, and taking a handful of the wood,
the leaf ftietches and looka of a pale green co
lour, it is a good sign that it is deeped enough,
but ilz trial by licit water i« pmfcuUe.
pf# trr tar
•** tI-.K i'-i .** r- • w
Whenever you fee a froth at the top of the
water in the steeper, be sure that it is steeped
enough ; when tK* pith of the stalk at the cut"
end grows red,* it is over-steeped. You can
not, in general, make bad indigo but by over
fteeping. When you find the froth just ap
pearing, and the pith just turning ed, (not ;
quite crimson) you must draw off directly.
; Os BEATING.
■j ’ When the liquor is drawn off from the
; steeper, begin beating immed’ately whilst the
liquor is warm ; beat briskly for half an hour
to keep up the warmth, when you will per
haps find a fine flalky or flat grain, or beat on
till one comes ; then let the plug of the lime
vat be taken out, and the lime Water will run
into the beater, till you have, in hot weather,
ioo gallons to 5 or 600 indigo liquor; in
moderate weather 200 gallons j and in cold
weather 300 gallons* Keep heating briskly
until you find a large round grain, which may
come in about an hour, and sometimes less
after this, beat on till the water becomes of
a dark purple dolour, when it will be beat
enough ; then let in a small quantity of lime
water, beating a little to mix it, and you will
find it in fine order; after the liquor has fet
tled fob half an hour, try the top of it, and if ,
it is of a green colour, you have put in too
little lime-water, in which case you must add
a little more; but if it be a deep amber co
cour, you have put in enough.
Of' DRAINING.
About au hour after you have done beating,
open the upper plug of the vat, and if the wa
ter runs clear, and not charged with any of
the mud or dye, draw off, and so on to the
lower plug, until you come to the mud, which
take out in pails and pour into the drainer.
The drainer is an oblong frame of five feet
long, three feet wide, and one foot deep,
with a bottom of woollen cloth laid on a bed
of sand, which will admit of all the water to
percolate, and retain the mud or dye.
Os PRESSING.
The draining prepares the indigo for the
press, which may be either a ferew, a lever,
a weight or wedges, as you think mod pro
per. The boxes are to be made witli holes
in the Tides and bottoms, and a cover to fit
exaftly to the inside, to flip down as the water
is prefled out of the indigo. When the mud
is Sufficiently prefled, which will still have
some moisture in it, you are to mix it all well
together with a trowel, which will make it
tough and solid ; yon are then to put it into a
frame two feet long, one foot broad and two
inches deep, with a board atihe bottom larger
than the box to hold the indigo to dry on, af
ter you have cut it in sq iares of two inches.
You are not to cut it until it shrinks from the *
fide of the frame, and then put into the fun
to get a little cruft upon it, drying it after
wards in the shade until fully dry. In rainy
weather if your indigo moulds, put it in the
fun till that is gone off, returning it to the
fun till it is thoroughly dry, which is known
when it is light in the hand, and will not stain
the fingers. This last process of mixing it
after piefling, prevents it from cracking, but
the pieces that crack must be dipt in water,
and the crack smoothed over. It is advife
able to lay a thin doth over it when drying,
to prevent the tne* Um to it* 01 diy*
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tNo. LXXXV.I
ing it in a frame covered with Ruflia lace,
would answer every purpose, and would let*
the air through to dry it tufliciently quick,
spread your weed immediately as you take it
out of the steeper, among the young plants,
if it be convenient, for it will be a benefit to
. them i or burn it, for iu a heap it will breed
1 ail infinite number of flies. When the indigo
is thoroughly dry, put it into open calks to
sweat a few. days; this brightens its cohuny**
but it contrails a mould by these means, which
j you are to get off-by drying it in the fun a lit*
tie, when your whole process is finilhed.
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POLITICAL REMARKS.
PATRIOTISM stands at the head of tho
Social affections. It triumphs over every
felfifli motive, and is a firm support to every
virtue. The morals of the patriot are ever
pure, and his conduil ever correct. Patrio
tism at the fame time is the great bulwark of
civil liberty ; equally abhorrent of despotism
on one hand, and of licentioufuqfa on the
other.
The management of the finances of a ftato
is a mod important branch of government ;
and no less delicate than important. They
lhould never be committed to the direction
of any but men of the 1110 ft uuqueftionable
integiity. And of all others, men, whose
private affairs are defparate, are the Icalfc
woithy of confidence-in this department.
Money is not an object of commerce. It
is only an inflrument used by’tonfcnt, to fa
cilitate the exchange of the objeif of com
merce.
The prices of the objeds of commerce are
in proportion to the plenty or scarcity of the
circulating money.
If the ciicnlating money ftiould be dimi
v niflied one half, that which before was wortl*
208. would now be woith 10s.-- In the reign
of Henry VII. a crown in England was as va
luablc as a pound is at pielent; because it
would buy as much.
If wc confide* a ftatc by itfelf, it is of nor
conlequence whether it has a circulating me- -
dium of 200,0001 or i®o,oool because the
prices of things will always bear a proportion
to the quantity of money. And if the circu
fating money lhould be reduced from 20o>oocI
to ico,ccol* it would have no dther eftert in
the end than to render one dollar as valuable
as two collars were befoie.
Though the low prices of every article of
sale be a necefiary confeqt er.ee of the derreale
of money, yet it follows not immediately
upon such deoeafe. Thcie is an inteival
before the alteration in the quantity of mo-*
ney is intended with a proportionable altera
tion in the price of commodities; and thia
interval is favorable to inritifliy.
A commerce in which the impotfs exceed
in value the exports, will always drain a na
tion of its money. If we ;in| ort goods to the
value of and export produce only to
the value of 80,0001. thete will be a balance
against us of 10,000!. and this balance, as ie
cannot be paid by us in produce, mult be paid
in money.
It is only by an unfavorable balance of
trade that a nation is ever dta tied of its mo*
ney. ( ommenial iuuuis, theriloic, drug
lit hard agaiuft lU