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PAGE Font Zh? ^munmalifrilw T* Established 1875 BOL C. JOHNSON HRS. Will A A. JOHNSON.-Editor & EZRA JOHNSON_____________-Asst, to Publisher J. H. BUTLER ..................Asso. Editor R. W. GADSDEN. _____Contributing Editor GEORGE E. JENKINS____Advertising Manager PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY 1009 WEST BROAD STREET Dial AUarns 4-3432 — ADams 4-3433 One Year Subscription Rates In Advance _______________________________ $4 12 Bix Months ________—...___________________$3.00 Single copy ........................... .10 Remittance must be made by Express, Post Ordei r Regi tered Mall Entered as Second Class Matter at the Post 3lfice at Savannah, Ga., under the Act of March 3, 1019. “'J hf church’s weakness is" caused by its human composition, hut its permanence is because it is God's. .. . it toughens un¬ der persecution, reverts to strength when it becomes weakest, waxes greater when it becomes smaller, grows militant when it. loves ]leave, profits as it sacrifices, wanes under excesses of success, but lives again as it dies, II is as inevitable as change, enduring as sin, as everlasting as God. There can be no destruction of it from within or without. The church will ical. always be as*.strong as it is self-crit¬ ,_ L . The clujj'ch is the consci ence of sociefy, the intangible controlling mid j! fill quickening force\>f/it. 4’ * i' : 4 God /V. l willing, ..'Ilf.. . . l 1 L hefe 1 chouse to remain.” —The Rev. Robert B. McNeill. DO IT YOl Its ELF The local chapter of a national Greek fraternity observed last week, Better Business Week. It sponsored a panel dis¬ cussion on ways of improving business among Negro business men. Many ways of doing this w ere suggested, perhaps too maud ell to be digested at one sitting.) such as belter ‘ records-keeping, improvement in lighting and display, better cooperation with sanitation laws as to premises and emphitsis the pgCservalioii and serving of customVrk? foods, ilmi on courjvsy toward A !t*r of cviisjtferubly greater ^qiuinni to thl panelists tt'nrrthe audience prob'cm of credit which is an ever piw.%Y cut afid a (fifficuH 'non-existent, one to solve. The. !'i|c.f, is, the iljis ptmel virtually did not overlook the Hovygyec, fact that there are other and more controlling rea- sons for this fact than race. Some of these reasons were given. But timely and interesting as the dis¬ cussion was, there 1 was no indication that plans were afoot for implementation of the suggestions. Business is one of the areas in which Negroes must make tre¬ mendous improvement, for his economic security a nil itibeiJeiHleuce rest important-, 1y on it. If•-£*» wife of the solvents of dho phase of race re hit ions. Negro business men sell goods or services, or both, and they ought to know how much money how many people earn and have to spend annually and they ought to make plans to satisfy honestly their needs and wants. In Savannah the Negro market is roughly about $16,000,000. This ought challenge Negro business and professional men. It mean* hartify? not only that a luU.oi money is in la be spent, but also tli,d r sourci apt at hand to be develop-, e l into ready credit. There are several way of making use-gf this money po- teutial, which have been used success¬ fully in other j duces: the organization of loan companies! the forming of Credit Union' and the organization of Consumer Cooperatives. A Company started in At¬ lanta about, ten yogi's ago was doing, at the last annual report, a ten million dol¬ lar business, supplying the money which made Atlanta an outstanding community for the type of homes owned by Negroes. Mr. C S. Schuyler reports that in Sacra¬ mento, California, an NAACP Credit Union crew from 185 to 586 members during 1956, "loans increased from $85,- 500.;;2 to $114,012.20 . . . that total as¬ sets of the Credit Union are $120,507.29." This union is sponsored by the NAACP, but “fourteen loyal churches and organi- za 1 ions are using credit union facilities to deposit their savings and make loans for improvements.” A Consumer Coop¬ erative was organized in Savannah 22 years ago and was a complete success, that is, it did everything a consumer, co¬ operative was supjtosed to do: it* paid patronage dividends, it competed with stole and and WINNERS OF YARD TOUR (Continued from Page One) Willie Goldwire, 2nd; Eusula Stephens, 3rd Reidsville: Mrs. Jannie der, honorable mention, Clyo: Mrs. Aris Green, place; Mrs. Rena Jackson, Mrs. Bunney Printe, 3rd; Sarah Johnson, honorable tion. Lunch v is served by fleidsville and Clyo ladies. Judges were Mrs. . M. J. hams, home economics of Springfield Central ,school; Mrs. Elise Day, club adviser. Springfield iral high; Mrs. Grace Butler Savannah, and Mrs. C. P ilton, Jeanes Supervisor Effingham County. Mrs. D. Owes Asst. State Agent National Advertising Representatives Associated Publisher# 31 West 46 Street New York 36, New Yot'k 166 W. Washington St. Chicago 2, 111. Whaley-Simpson Co. 6513 Hollywood Boulevard San Francisco 5, California Whaley-Simpson Co. 65 New Montgomery Street Los Angeles, California to interest on the money put up by share¬ holders. It failed only in the sense that it could not sell itself and its operations, operations to 100 people. When it ceased it paid to every member from three to lour times as much as he had put into it. These plans are sound. They need good leadership to put them into execution. Unfortunately, the failure of one or two Negro banking institutions some thirty years ago, furnishes excuse for the timid to say “never again,” despite the fact that a savings and loan company is do- .ing well and increasing yearly in its as- sets, and confidence. This is one ol the strongest . 4u. nA-.M.I ,'AiidAtid reasons for Vi »i» /1 disabusing I *« M l \ I 1 U i »1 (t the t minds of Negro people of the fear or doubt that Negroes can not operate a loan and savings institution successfully. Peo¬ ple who earn more than $16,000,000 an¬ nually can support at least one credit union, one consumer cooperative and two loan and savings companies. Atlanta, Columbus, Albany, Wayeross and Dur¬ ham, North Carolina, show that Negroes are able and willing to buy and build nice homes when they can get the money on favomble terms such as their own in¬ stitutions are able and willing to offer them. One thing to remember is that a little money from-a lot of people has 'pmjtfbMf ‘honestly handled. proved Credit people Unions .and ( do cooperatives handle business have efficiently when can and thhy share themselves in the running of it- NO GET RICH SCHEMES We mentioned Consumer Cooperatives and Credit Unions as ways by which Negroes can make use of their earnings to control the production and sales of goods and services, and to provide credit for some of their needs. These nations or movements are not get rich schemes for enterprising individuals. They are lot' the benefit of those who haV*!*ahlHifflry wfwffra, Who desihe to make their dollars buy the most and the best, and who wish to have a say-so in the management of the institutions set up to help them. From the point of view of management and ownership, the consumer cooperative has no "big fish” because the members share equally in providing the needed the cap¬ ital and have an equal voice in elec¬ tion of officers and other controlling per- \somiel, and share equitably in the profits which come from member patronage, k” The credit union can be organized by individuals who have a common bond or interest: such as the members of a church, club, ol persons engaged in the same sort Yd' work — longshoremen, cat) or bus drivers, or teachers, or members of mi NAACP chapter or branch. Instruc¬ tions for setting up these institutions are available from a government agency, or used to be. At any rate, there is a way to get the information needed to organize them. PILGRIMAGES? Someone has observed that the pilgrim¬ age to Washington would be of question¬ able value for achieving the ends sought by its sponsors, because the same sort of thing could be undertaken by those who are opposed to the cause the sponsors espouse. Of course, it is too early to assess the reaction to the pilgrimage, but the observation is untenable as an argu¬ ment against the pilgrimage. We could gii along with any pilgrimage that had for its object the 'protesting of the vio¬ lation of essential human rights' that are inherent in our American democracy. I Negro Work, was among making the tour also. Mrs. j :ha Mae Shaw, H. D. agent 1 i ‘he t. oouftity. ....i.. ASK PROBE BY SECRET SERVICE OF BOMBINGS IN (Continued from Page One) bombed. <*j n -j<» 5 f r^v. K. B. port's home was bombed April and August; and j adjacent house was bombed. ! “In $055 homes of two fami ,^ werc lM)inlM , d . ^ ou) that ^ De r(>mhcr there have been en unsolved bombings in the Council area; and the grows hourly. These include churches and five homes. “On December 26, 1956, Bethel Bapti-t Church, by Rev. F. L. Shuttlesworth, bombed, and the parsonage completely destroyed by a dynamite charge; the minister > fnniiLr family Lui'iilir barely ngoii escaped niwl death. “Early this year the home in Woodlawn was bombed. “In April 1957 two homes Fountain Heights were bombed. “On April 28, 1957, the Temple AME Church, was bombed. “On April 28, 1D58, the of Asbur.v Howard, a labor er was bombed.” J\1/\NY CITED ON Y AWARDS DAY (Continued from hntte One I ________________ tj , . Hi|;h School, Miss Mettella re(Ji principal; Harris School, Mrs. Janet Hayes, ,-ipal; Powell Laboratory Mrs. Dorothy C. Hamilton, eipal; Cuyler Junior High Arthur Dwight, principal; Savannah School, Mrs. Ayler Mae THE SAVANNAH TRIBUNE HE IS NOT ALWAYS FUN TO THE OTHER FELLOW Lovett, principal; Council. The “YMCA in Action gram” will present Miss Marcc, principal, Paulsen Higdi School, and her chorus U, ' ,iay J,;?° T" rad, Y tiori . W.J1V, Miss Marcc is man of the USD committee of Y, and will discuss plans for the USO program at the Y standing. Classes in photography will conducted by Frank L. during the four weeks j Day Camp that will be | sponsored by the West ! Street Y and the Green briar I dren’s Center. The Day will run from June 10th July 5th. The weekly USO dance for servicemen will be given at the Saturday night 8:30 p.m. Francis Johnson, USO Staff will be in charge. Miss Maree, USO committee of the Board of Managers of Y will “be on hand to extend a coine to all men in the service. SHERIFF BILL HARRIS PLANS AWARDS FOR JUNIOR DEPUTIES (Commut'd from V age t/nei as general chairman. One of the unusual ____ of both balls will be the wood Type” movies which be made of the grand at both affairs. These will be in color and will made available to local for showing, together sound track featuring the Downed Rudy Valee. They be filmed by Hollywood fessionals. Proceeds of ticket sales 1iie.se dances will be used defray the expenses of Junior Deputies’ program, this year will be greatly larged. Sheriff Harris, who was ly injured last summer taking the Junior Deputies a tour of the Southwest, cluding Disneyland, etc., in California, said hopes to take a group on a tour this *he number of participants , the extent of the tour i ing upon the success of current campaign for This is the first time Harris has sponsored any tivity to raise funds for youth program. “This program has grown such lengths that I am I longer in position to finance he said. “It means that friends who believe in what j are trying to do must ball help.” Tickets for the are 'sale at and the West Broad branch of the Y.M.C.A, 27,000 AT D. C. PILGRIMAGE (Continued from I-age one) __ ___ tribute to the memory of Great Emancipator in the of whose chaste memorial meeting was held. The prayers of the clergy divine guidance in the for human rights were by the pleas of veteran civil advocates for action on the tieal front to achieve the goal equality of rights for all can Citizens. In this pica, thm . t .„_ e hairmen, A. Philip ' dolph, president of the hood of Sleeping Oar AFC-CIO; Roy Wilkins, executive secretary; and the Dr. Martin Luther King, of the Southern Leaders ence, were joined by other crs> both clerical and lay. Wilkins Affirms Negroes A rncricanis'tn This meeting, Mr. Wilkins the assembled throng, “calls to fellow Americans of every region, faith, and race to to the belief in, and observance the enduring principles of truth, justice, forbearance, brotherhood.” The NAACP f j lined the Americanism of Negro citizens. “As loyal cans,” he said, “we believe when the Supreme Court against a segregated public system which has cheated our dren these many decades, that ing should be obeyed.” flight to Vote Stressed Throughout the three and hour program, stress was on the right to vote. Mr. co-chairmen likewise dealt with right to vote issue as did ; m° n Adam Clayton Powell of t Yol k rit an<1 Charles C. Diggs - v t “We are here,” labor Randolph declared* “to assert the issue in the crisis of rights in our nation today not involve opposition of to whites or whites to There, are leaders in certain who would like to make this issue, hut the real issue conflict between certain basic cinl and moral values, such freedom against slavery, against error, justice against justice, the right to vote disfranchisement, law and against mob rule.” Mr. Randolph, who presided the meeting, paid high tribute the work of the NAACP “for rights and democracy under able resourceful and leadership of Roy W ilkins. "' st ‘ 'aude'i Dr. King for magnificent, challenging and cessful struggle against i buses in Montgomeiy. King Hails Mon VGth Ruling «f 01 . a n men of goodwill,” King declared in (he final t ,f the meeting, “this May 17 sion came as a joyous i to end the long night of segregation. It came as a ! light of hope to millions of herited people throughout world who had dared only j dream of freedom.” tragic betrayal of the mandates of our democratic tions and it is democracy | upside down. So long as I do firmly and irrevocably possess right to vote I do not possess self. I cannot make up my it j** made up for me. I cannot as a democratic citizen, the laws I have helped to enact f can only submit to the edict ; others.” Rowell ,. int . rtl Asks t , n _, for ,,,, “Third ,,,. Force . .... Distressed by the lack of civil rights action by either i publicans or Democrats in Con- | gress, Representative Adam CJay- ton Powell (D.,*N.Y.) called for the establishment of a “third force,” which, he .said, should “be non-partisan, buiUpolitical; non ! racial, but for j$ftiiue fam being led by our Negro • who have given given the the grt&tetT grcstfeMT : spi spiritual wit¬ ness of any group in this country; non-denominational inviting men of all faiths to follow.” Passage of the pending civil rights bill by the House of Repre¬ sentatives was predicted by Con¬ gressman Charles C. Diggs, Jr., (I)., Mich.) However, he contin¬ ued, “if Lyndon Johnson, the Ma- . l or] t.v leader m Lie Senate, chooses j n °f *-<> tr -V to Judiciary S *-°P the Committee dilatory tactics of the headed by Eastland, it will be his responsibility to explain his in¬ action to those affected and con- cerned. If he does not explain it j adequately, a lot of good Demo- j CI 'ats are going to suffei in the next election, and more and moie ! Protest votes against Dixiccrats | I southern w *k ^e cas Negioes. ^ ^ or ^Republicans by j Senator j acob K . Javits sent a I telegram expressing his {egret [ that he could not attend and af- j firming his conviction that “the j right of our citizens to peaceably assemble and petition the govern- ment for redress of deep griev- j I anees is secured one of by the most Constitu- precious rights our tion. ’ I Ur Juhns011 ' Other speakers included Dr. Mordecai Johnson, president of Howard University who made an I eloquent pica for defense of the j NAACP in its fight for civil rights; four southern leaders of ac ti on to eliminate.Segregation in buses j„ theif -ri&peetive cities: Reverends William H. Borders, Atlanta; C. K. Steele, Tallahasse, | ; p la>; jc. L _ Shup|$worth, Birm- inj j bam . an( j A. I,. Davis, New j ! 0rleans . Mrs. National William Council T. Mason, of Ne- pres ident, R ro Women; Uene M» Coy C,nines, president, National ^ ( Association of Colored Women, also addressed the assemblage. Mahalia Jackson, the popular an( j talented gospel singer, was tbe f t . a tured artist of the pro- ^ ram There were other musical . numbe i. s by a chorus under the di- rection of Prof. Warner Lawson of Howard University and by the Philadelphia Fellowship House Choir under Mrs. Aileen Brown s direction. Miss Rose Rattle Eng- Bsh of New T oik sang the Stai Spangled Bannei to opt n t u meeting. p rayels aI ,d Scripture readings were by Senior AME Bishop S. L. Greene of Atlanta; CME Bishop William Y. Bell; Rev. Ross A. Weston, pastor of the Unitarian R. C. Lawson of New York d tbe r cv p, jp Cham- ■ hers of Los Angeles. Litany of Freedom,” written ilnd ] e( i by Rev. Thomas Kilgore ! „f New York City, was recited by a massed group of clergymen Ten-year old James and eight-veai • |old Theresa Gordon, "ho weie barred from ------- attending ---------- a - school in Clay, Ky., last September, placed | a wreath at the foot of the huge and brooding statute of Abraham Lincoln in the Memorial. Physical Reparation’ of Races Not Purpose of Wilkins i NEW YORK, May 16. Th< purpose of segregation "is not, an' never has been, the physical sep a ration of the races,” Roy Wilkins NAACP executive secretary, as sorts in an article in the May is sure of Current History magazine Pointing out that the white ran would be at a loss without thi “domestic and personal’ services of Negroes, Mr. Wilkins declares that "maintenance of . . . the caste system is the sole purpose of seg- r rogation.” rights “Such a system,” the civil leader observes, “assigns to the lowliest white person a place in the southern scheme superior to that of any Negro of whatever culture, talent or wealth. Thus the southern white is assured a place of superiority without the necessity of competing on the basis of individual merit. This end i? achieved by designating certain social, economic and physical areas as ‘off limits’ to Negroes.” Mr. Wilkins’ article, “Desegre¬ gation North and South” appears in an issue of Current History de¬ voted to “Integration: The South’s Historic Problem.” Noting that “segregation is by no means confined to the South, the article maintains that never¬ theless “fundamental differences” between the North and South exist “which should not be overlooked.” Among these differences, the au¬ thor says, are the lack of legal sanctions for segregation in the North, the "substantial public sup- ; port” for integration in the North, and the northern Negro’s political pow’er which “assures official con¬ sideration of his wishes. Schools, North and South Desegregation of the public Mr. Wilkins FORMER SSC STUDENT MAKES GOOD (Continued from page 1) Georgia. In the picture to the right of Miss Hall is another giad- ua.te. Miss Gloria Cameron of East Orange, New Jersey. Forty-one others received their diplomas in nursing along with these two on Friday night. May 10th. at Mother Zion Church in Harlem. MUSICAL EXTRAVA- GANZA A SUCCESS Those parents who braved me threatenng rains and over- cast weather in order to get to the stadium to lend their moral and financial support to. the Musical Extravaganza given for the benefit of the Happy House Day School, were well repaid by on evening of excellent music by'the top,musical group of the local public schools. The Musical Extravaganza sponsored by Ezra Consistory No. 27, with the cooperation of the Chatham County Coun¬ cil of Parents and Teachers Association, with Mrs. Carrie B. Moore, president; the Principals and Consultants Club, Arthur Dwight, president, and the stu¬ dents and teachers of the oublic schools, was given as the “ulminatnig activity of the dirve to raise funds for the Happy House Day School, of which Mrs. Ayler Mac Lovett ! s president. With a background of bright lights, colorful array of bill- joards, and a beautiful green lawn, the elite of the musical mlent of the local public chools paraded their outstand- mg vocal and terpischorean abbility before a small but very enthusiastic audience. The pro- gram began with the audience inging, “My Country Tis of Thee, followed by the beauti- rui singing of “The Lord’s Prayer,” by the Seranettes, guests for the evening. Par- ieipating and blending their reautful voices were Cuyler Jr. ligh School Ensemble, under .he diiection of Miss Baker, Hnrold Washington at the piano, Alfred E Beach High School Chorus, under the direction of Peter Smalls, West Savannah School operetta company, doing an exerpt from a well known operetta, with singing and dan¬ cing by the beautifully and colorfully costumed fairies, with Marguerite Long featured in a toe dance. This group was un¬ der the direction of Mesdames Alma Wade and Leila Braith- waite. Mrs. Long was at the ■piano; Gadsden Elementary School mixed ensemble singing a spirit ed number ’ under : the direction Qf Mrs st ripling Flo _ ranee Street School choral Mrs. Velma _ ones. oo vi e- Tompkins , . Elementary School bhorus. with Mrs. Jenkins, di- tectoi and accompanist, and with the choral en- SATURDAY, MAY 25, f957 "the big fight in the South today.” The struggle for southern school ■ lesegregation will go on, he af- irms, “because the southern Ne- ,ro wants to get rid of the shame ind humiliation of Jim Crow, Of school segregation, northern ,nd southern varieties, the author says: soutlv- “There is, as almost any ■rner will gleefully tell you, a •onsiderable measure of de facto .acial segregation in the Noithf However, ... it is a basic . . . fallacy to try to equate Jin: Crow in the North with the southern pattern. There is a vast differ¬ ence between the two qualitatively and quantitatively. “For example, the de facto seg¬ regated schools in New Turk and other non-southern cities are no t If, of legislation. Rather, l* the result they are the result of the extra- legal discrimination which re¬ stricts the great bulk of the Ne¬ gro population to limited living areas. Essentially, the problem in the North is the problem of hous¬ • i, ing discrimination. Housing is the one basic commodity which the -h Negro cannot, as a rule, purchase ,{ in the open market either North or South. . . . “Various devices have been pro¬ posed to achieve integration in northern schools, but extensive in¬ tegration will come only as the Negro gains freedom of residence. “Residential segregation is being attacked in the North and these efforts, like others in the racial area, distinguish again the North from the South. ... In the South no such activity is either permit¬ ted or encouraged; the South wishes either to stand pat or to progress so slowly ... as not to seem to be moving at all” p -cable, female, from Paulsen , Junior High, featured .it Harriet Bias, soprano, as solq,-.,. : ist ' who san f ver y beautifully.,,.: “Sometimes I Feel , Like a.Mo-;:, Bieilcss Cii'. ■ .... .. The guests for the evening, The Seranettes, sang through¬ a. i out the program lending beauty , and charm to the evening. These ladies, .'ll! des-^ 11 ,’t p.'UG* young are tined for great things music world. They were ;i ,| lfIJsd;! ;.| ccmpanied by Mrs. Fannie. u.n\ kins. The musical program closed with the singing of “America, The Beautiful,” with Miss June Wells, Music Con¬ sultant and Coordinator, at the piano. The program was termed a grand success by those in at¬ tendance, and has the makings of an outstanding event of the year in which the top and premising musical abilities of our young people in the schools may be seen and heard. I The success of this program was dependent upon, in addi- tion to the groups named above, t) le cooperation of the program j emmittee which Wells, was composed J. j of M i SS j U ne Mrs. Hayes, Mrs. A. E. Lovette, Mrs. j Dorothy Hamilton, William Fletcher, Eugene E. Doyle, walker L. Stringer, Mrs. Carrie ( B Moore, P. T. A., Mrs. Mary M "Dew, of “Around the Town” fame , Frank Freeman, and Rober t C. Long, Sr., chairman 0 f n ie program committee and wbo served as master of cere- j mon ies. Walker L. Stringer, Comman- der j, n chief of Ezra Consistory, prcmi ses that the event will be eygj^ bigger and better next yc ar with the continued co- operation of the local public schools under Dr. William A. Early, superintendent. The goal for next year is $5,000, to be given to Happy House Day School. Savannah's newest agency. There is still an op¬ portunity to make a pledge or a donation to this worthy cause. HOWARD UNIV. TO GRADUATE 600 WASHINGTON, D. C.—How¬ ard University will confer degrees upon some 600 graduates of its ten schools and colleges during the 89th annual commencement exer- 0 f tbe university Friday, j une 7th, at 5:30 p.m. Commence- ment exercises will be held on the upper campus, in front of Fred- erick Douglass Memorial Hall,