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SIDETRACK FOR CIVIL RIGHTS
From The Christian Science Monitor
House Demdi vats, it is reported, have
decided to diii'p efforts to pass a civil
rights bill before the end of this session.
The plan is said to include Senate Major¬
ity Leader Jfcyndon Johnson’s steering a
safely modiHyte bill through the Senate
before adjournment and the House’s
thrashing ant more controversial propo¬
sals when Cpryress reconvenes for the
second session in January. (The bill
would stay “alive,’’ it being the same
Cortgi • ss.”) '
This appeals, thus far, to he a ma¬
neuver by those who want a meaningful
civil rights bn! ultimately passed, not by
those who would' bury it. But. quite
evidently, it is h. forced detour around the
power to delay implicit in the Rules Com¬
mittee and in its chairman. Representa¬
tive Howard \V. Smith, of Virginia, an irn-
HUMPHREY AND THE JET POLL
From The St. Paul Recorder
The recent J FT Magazine Presidential
Poll of 200 leading Negro Democrats
showed Senator Hubert H. Humphrey
running neck and neck with two-tmic
Democratic candidate Adlai Stevenson as
the preference of this important seg¬
ment of th? vuting population.
Both Humphrey and Stevenson were
the choice tof 33.8 per cent of those polled.
Senator John Kennedy who has had an
active campaign effort among U. S. Ne¬
groes for months came in a poor fourth
behind Michigan’s Governor Mennen Wil¬
liams.
Humphrey’s wide support was sig¬
nificant because it was an expression of
appreciation of the things for which he
stands, which* > are so important to both
the Negro-Ameriean and the United
States as a whole.
It was umx^fant u also because the Min-
nesotan h? hud’no organized drum-beat-
ing canrjj'UTl among the Negro voters.
The wido #u?.; i received therefore
could only be construed as the perception
and memory of Negro Democratic lead¬
ership who recall t’ u if was Humphrey
who struck the first big political blow
for human rights, by his memorable
speech before the H>48 Democratic con¬
vention, which for the first time in 70
years upset a platform committee report,
and thereby committed, a not too willing
Harry Truman to a strong civil rights
plank for the “48” campaign.
The Negro Democrats \\ ho voted for
Humphrey in the JKT poll also remem¬
ber that Humphrey laid his career on
the line for human decency and equal¬
ity in the U. S. when he made that
speech in Philadelphia in “18.” They
recognize the powerful effort ^hieh has
been made during the years by certain
interests to depict Humphrey, a radi¬
cal. irresponsl 1 !e and a know-it4All. They
perhaps recognize also t hat an effort has
been made to show that Humphrey has
changed his position on civil rights.
American Negro political* loaders are
acutely aware of the capabilities of the
men who hold public office. Many of
M-Sgt. Arnold
(Continued from Page One>
icine Technician in the
tve Medicine Branch.
The Commendation Ribbon
■was awarded M-Sgt. Arnold for
exceptionally meritorious ser -
vies rendered while serving as
the Non-Commissioned
in Charge of the Fnvironmcn-
tai Sanitation Section at the
Fort Dix Health Center, New
Jersey, from Feb. 4, 1955,
June 12, 1959.
He, through his supervision
and training of other members
of the section, as well as of
mess supervisors and concess¬
ion managers, was
tai in improving tremendously
the sanitation of messes and
other eating and drinking , s-
tablishments at Fort Dix and
in the surrounding communi-
tj es
He voluntarily conducted
mosquito surveys which requir
National Advertising Representative*
Associated Publishers
85 West 42nd Street
New York 38, New York
188 W. Washington 8t.
Chicago 2. 111.
Mr. Robert Whaley
Whaley-Simpson Company
6608 Selma Ave.
Los Angeles 28, California
Mr. Oordon Simpson
Whaley-Simpson Company
700 Montgomery 8 t.
San Francisco 11, California
*
placable foe of civil rights legislation.
Unless q u i t e massive parliamentary
remedies are i n v o k e d, that com¬
mittee could “bottle up” the bill inde¬
finitely and keep the House from acting
on it. And Congress is desperately hop¬
ing to adjourn early in September before
the Khrushchev visit.
Fortunately there seems to he a tacit
agreement to extend the life of the Civil
Rights Commission by a separate bill
before the session’s end.
One cannot but note, however, that at
least for the present, the power of the
House Rules Committee has taken the
place of the Senate’s rules on unlimited
debate as the prime roadblock in the way
of Congress’ handling of legislation on its
merits.
been in contact realize that pound for
pound, Humphrey, mind for mind, is
one of the most able men in American
public life today, and well qualified for
the Presidency. They know too, that if
his bid for national prefeiqnopt suffers,
it will be because he choose,*,.< to stand
up for human rights, and,,,^he dignity
of the individual, in a coppery which
prides itself in theory on, tbefjc virtues,
but which hesitates too them
into practice. <n
Humphrey’s strength in the magazine
poll was also significant because the poll
was made before his courageous speech
to the both anniversary of the NAACP
in which he announced he stood along
with that organization for freedom and
equality for all Americans.
In that speech he made it crystal clear
that he would not sacrifice the human
rights principles in which he believes, in
the interest of personal political advance¬
ment.
Tn their vote for Stevenson, many of
the Negroes in the JET poll were simply
reacting to the stimulation, exposure
and experience of suppo rting t he party
standard bearer in the 1952 and 1956
campaigns. It could be assumed that
the major portion of those who gave
Stevenson the 38 percent tie with Hum¬
phrey, would most naturally be Hum¬
phrey supporters if, and when Steven¬
son eliminates himself freun considera¬
tion as a candidate for the lIlGO nomina¬
tion.
The results of the poll were actually a
victory for Humphrey and a credit to the
Negro leaders who supported him for
they were representing well the rank
and file of Negroes everywhere who re¬
member the Hubert H. Humphrey of
1918, the Hubert Humphrey who more
than any other individual began the
move which made the 1948 Washington,
D. (’., the capital of Jim Grow Dixie,
the 1959 Washington, I). C., the capital
of the United States of America where
Negroes are now treated as citizens ra¬
ed him to expose the upper
part of his body and allow
himself to be bitten by mos-
quitoS to determine the species
of thc adult mosquitos and the |
mosquito index (population) on
the Fort Dix military reserva¬
j tion. This, along with his seek¬
j ing out and arranging for con-
trol of breeding places of the j
1 mosqulfcos, instrumental in
was
] redulcng the mosquito index on |
Fort, Dix.
‘
M-Sgt. Arnold enlisted in the
■ Army in
j April 1941. A veteran
of World War III, he served in
Canadian - Arclic Region
duiii.e the American Campaign i
0 942-1943) and participated in
the Normandy Invasion (1944-
45.) 1
A veteran of the Korean Con-
flirt, he saved in Korea during
H»53-54.
!
. Arnoki , ' ras born in
A?am La * Hls stepfather and
**’ and Mrs ‘ Robrrt
; Kirkpatrick, presently reside at
! 1529 Delery St.. New Orleans.
. «His father is deceased )
He is married to the former
Slavery Has Dealt A Cruel
Blow To The
Amelia Minervia Washington,
daughter of Mrs. Annie W.
Brown of 1506 Reynolds St..
Savannah, Ga. ‘Her father is
deceased!. Her brother, Harold
Washington, resides at 603
40th St., Savannah.
M-Sgt. A Mrs. Arnold reside
at 1110 N. Roman St., New Or-
leans.
-
Guest At
( v^rvLilli » li.AY
(Continued from Page Onei
—......- ________
awarded a Julliard scholarship
During her study at the
na Academy of Music, she
a member of the Vienna Cham¬
ber Opera in Vienna. Austria
In recognition of her
ing achievements she w a
awarded a Fulbright grant
1957-58
Miss W’arren is the
of Dr. and Mrs. Robert Warren
of Williamson. W. Va.. and
sister of Mr. and Mrs. Robert
THE SAVANNAH TRIBUNE
WILL HE MAKE IT? THE TREE WORLD IS WATCHING
.....- — ‘tf-sr;?-*
' ;■■■****?*■*'■
.
Ity Rudolph Dunbar For ANP
| Two hundred years ago on
i Aug. 24. 1759, William Wilber-
! force was born. To him, more
than to any other man, was due
the abolition of the slave trade
between Africa and the New
World. At one time—in the
hurly-burly of the war with
Napoleon—it seemed that the,
cause was it lost. But t Wilber- lx , - 1 v, j
force’s work is not wholly done I
yet—-for the slave trade has
dealt a cruel blow to the Negro
up to this day.
The economic and social disa-1
bilities, and the grossest inva-
slon of personal freedom that
assail the Negro today bear
testimony that slavery is but
half abolished in the world. It
takes a great marr such as
Toynbec to make a statement
like this. !
J’Tor 500 years-we h$ve been i
aggressors against Asia and Af-;
rica. We have attacked and I
conquered exploited nearly all their of natural! them; j
we have
resources in a manner which i
they consider to have been un- j
just: and we have often segre- |
gated and humiliated them on j
the land of their fathers and j
in the presence of the graves i
of their mothers.”
I
Just turn for a moment and
| survey the scene in South Af-;
I rica where a crescendo of horror j
! is heaped upon the women who i
1 lay their grievances on the high'
■ costs of living and low wages.!
They are angry about the in- i
i flux control which prevents
J ricans from rural areas seeking
work in towns, increased taxes
and rents which have not been
matched by increased w*ages.
Then there is the extension of
the pass laws to women, which
makes them liable to
arrest.
A factor In the development
of the present situation seems
to have been the refusal of na¬
tive commissioners and magis¬
trates to listen to the women’s
grievances because of their in-
ibility to do anything about
{them. The women have been
j demonstrating to draw
tion to their grievances and
then quietly awaiting arrest
the belief that they will thus
be given the chance to make
their protest to authority.
The African National con-
gress js making an all-out „ effort „
to halt the wave of violence by
African women which has
swept Natal recently. If it
fails,, this “revolt of the wo¬
men” could develop into a
midab.e challenge to authority
-with tragic consequences- for
the women have so far remain-
cd undeterred by the counter¬
measures taken by the Govern-
merit—use of force by the po-
Uce; severe sentences; whole¬
sale arrests; and threats of col¬
lective punishment.
Since the disturbances began,
nrore than 10,000 women have
been involved at various times
in incidents at 16 places in
Natal. More than 600 have
been ordered to pay fines total¬
ing more than $21,000. But
most were unable to pay
50 are in prison.
“Empty stomachs are the
best agitators, said one con-
gress leader.
Hen, Women on Knees 1 ,liy ’
t’ry
Hundreds of African men and
women fell to their knees,
ing and crying, when they saw
Selwyn Mali, one of South Af¬
rica’s forced labourers, who had
to claw potatoes from hard
ground with his fingers. They
had met for a “Day of Prayer
and Freedom,” called bv the
Women’s league of the African
National congress, and one of the
things they prayed for was the
freeing of African forced labor¬
ers on farms. The story of
Selwvn Mali js one of the most
heartbreaking tales of human
existence that has ever come
to light. This is what happen¬
ed:
I
i By Conrad Clark
i Alburquerque. N. Mexico (ANP)
; —1 recently read a Denver iCol-
: orado) Post editorial, entitled
■‘Equality Is Not A Matter of
; Law Alone.” It commented on
an Associated Press story about
Lit.tic Rock School Days: Stu-
! dents Isolate Negro With Si¬
lence,” particularly that por-
* tion which stated that Jcffer-
j son Thomas, sole Negro student
: among 1.400 whites was “walk¬
ing alone.”
This columnist takes excep¬
, tion to that _____ story. I stiy j
Thomas does not walk alone.
To the contrary, while the
AP story said that Jeff had not
been spoken to by a white stu-
Warren. Jr., of Atlanta who ae-!
companied her to Ocean View :
for a week of fun and relaxa-
tion.
Ocean View Home continues
He was arrested in Johannes¬
burg sorpe months ago, be-
cause his “pass” permits and
papers were not in order. This
p a criminal offfense in South
Africa, but Mali was not charg-
G d by the police. Instead, they
| took him to a government la¬
bour bureau, where he was in¬
duced to “volunteer” for three
months' labour on a private white
owned farm to escape prosecu-
tion.
Had he been convicted, his
fine would have been about $3
or two weeks in jail. His farm | [
pay was to be 40 cents a day. I
Behai Mali ended up where on a white farm in farm-, the |
area,
ers are notoriously hard
and short of, labour. He and |
30 other Africans were crowded
at night into a small stable.
Dig Potatoes With Hands
During 'the day, they dug up
potatoes with their hands. Af¬
rican overseers, called the “boss-
boys,” frequently curried fa¬
vour with the white farmer by
beating the labourers with
lengths of hose-pipe. That was
Mali got two deep gashes 1
| in his head.
After a month his left hand
b e g a n to swell, but he was i
| | forced to go on clawing pota- ;
toes out of the hard ground un- !
til his hand became completely \
j useless.
, Then, the farmer took him in!
a lorry to the outskirts of Johan-1
j nesburg Mali made his way!
to a hospital, where his middle ’
finger was amputated’ to save |
his whloe arm.
The scheme under which
Mali “volunteered” was design¬
ed and operated by the govern¬
ment, but its legality has been
questioned in a series of court
cases in recent months. Fol-
lowing considerable white pub-
lic protest the government sus-
pended the scheme temporarily I
wh,ie ,i * ...... .
officials who have operated it
and the farmers who used it.
rtent in the first days of his
ciasses at Central High school, I
that he he was was surrounded surrounded by by a a j |
wall of silence, I feel different-
ly- !
Thomas may be “walking
alone” at Central High, but he
is keeping in step with thous¬
ands and thousands of Negroes
and whites throughout this na¬
tion who are striving to make
Democracy live, as well a s with
the millions of non-whites
throughout the world who are
seeking and winning the rirght
to live as human beings—re-
gardless of their skin tone or
texture. I
Thomas is walking with the
fore-fathers of this nation who
to be a delightful retreat for)
family groups Rest and relax-
ation are enjoyed by the sea
shore as well as the many
beach activities.
wrote our declaration of rights;
he is walking with thousands of
men men and women scattered thru-1
ou t the United States and other
parts of the globe, who took an
oath to serve and defend these
50 states and island possessions
—including the District of Co¬
lumbia—as members of the U.
S. Army, Navy. Air Force and
other branches of the federal, j
state and city governments. :
No, we cannot agree that
Thomas is walking alone, fro if 1
he is alone, by helping to car-
ry out the mandate of the high-,
est court of our government,!
then the United States is alone; j
this world.
“Delinquency Lessened by So-
Investment.” Become a
Member of Greenbriar Child-
ren’s Center. Inc., the week of j
September 14.
SATURDAY, SEPT: 5, 4358
Between The Lines
By Gordon Hancock (For Associated Negro Press)
tl. I he Men of Nineveh w:„_„„L
And Phoenix
Nov. 3, 1898 was election
and proved to be a fateful
in South Carolina.
were denied their voting
liege and under the
of the Tolberts, white, and
publications to the core, they
tempted to vote in that
They were told to try
the general election ballot
and, if refused, they were
vote in an improvised
box which would be sent
Washington as a testimony
the Negro’s’ desire to vote
also as a testimony of the Ne¬
groes’ voting strength.
The whites had anticipated
the Negroes plan and had hired
a white man to break up the
Negro voting. This man arriv-
ed on the scene about 10 o’clock
in the morning, and
way proceeded to smack the im-
provised ballot box into the
dust. A fist fight
When the fight waxed
someone cried "shoot him!” and
a shot was fired that felled the
man hired to break up the vot-
in B-
Within a matter of minutes,
shooting became general and
there was a little battle in
progress. Telegrams were sent
throughout the state and ad-
.joining states to rush rein-
forcements to Phoenix, S. C„ the
seat of the trouble. Reinforce¬
ments were to arrive at night
on a train named the Cannon
Ball.
When the reinforcements ar¬
rived by hundreds and took
buggies for Phoenix, a rural vil¬
lage three miles away, Negroes
had hid in ambush and
into the little army of rein-
forcements. Telephone wires
had been cut down and used
for entanglements. The Negroes
were ... led by soldiers ... lust . . return ,__
ed from the Spanish-American
war. Nobody ever knew how
many whites were slain. But
within a matter of hours, not
% K - egro in thc southland
could purchase a thimberful of
powder or a firearm .
The whites set out to
their ... comrades , who . fell - „
fateful , , , night. . , , __ Negroes were
rounded up all day and , chained . . .
to a tree in the Tolbert’s church
yard. As many a s could beb
rounded up would be set on a
log at sunset and shot.
My father was pastor of the
local church and we were in
hearing distance of the firing.
For nearly two weeks this went
on, for each day at sunset
roar of guns and thc crack
rifles were stern reminders that
in thc matter of force Negroes
were no matches for thc whites
and it further reminded both
Negroes and white that the
Rep, Bolton Asks Congress
WASHINGTON
Frances P Bolden (R., Ohio), has
introduced a resolution in the
House of Representatives, asking
the Secretary of the Interior
grant a utinontv to the National
Council of Negro Women to me-
morialize the late Dr. Mary
Lcod Bethune.
emeritus, Bethune Cookman
w P Davtona Reach Fla A sim
the Senate by Sen. James
ray (D. Mont.).
The memorial to Dr.
would be in the form of a
to be erected in one of the
public parts. Its
completion of which would be j
time for the commemoration
the 100th anniversary ((1963)
the signing of the Emancipation
Proclamation by President
ham Lincoln—would be sponsor-
ed by the NCNW, an organiza-
tion with a membership of
than 800,000 women, founded
Dr. Bethune in 1935.
Site for the statue , is ... Lincoln
park on East Capitol street.
“This is the location of a dra-
matic figure of President Lin¬
coln j— and “““ the Negro slave
nown as the Emanci . P all
ff oup „ R f p BoIton rec alled
Lincoln ,_ statue ; was dedicated . ‘ in
Aprirl 14, 1876 and built with
funds contributed solely by
emancipated citizens.
None Greater
In Pointing out the worthy-
ness of the project, Rep. Bol-
matter of casting a ballot is
not a matter 0 f shooting.
The foregoing is easily one
() f tm e most tragic episodes of
g 0 uth Carolina and the nation,
u 0 body knows how many Ne-
proes wer e slain to avenge the
^eath of nobody knows how
j many whites. The point be-
ing made here is how serious-
Iy Negroes took the right to
votc for on the next election
day Negroes were swarming
|about the ballot box even
i though they could not cast a
| k a ii 0 t.
The Phoenix riot of 1898 is a
matter of tragic history. But
those tragic enactments should
set the current generation of
Negroes to thinking, as they
only casually interest them¬
selves in this serious matter of
j voting.
In 1898, high school gradu-
j ales were scarce and college
graduates ” were rare. Today,
ur co n C ges and universities
j arc burs ting at the seams with
thousands of Negro youth fac¬
ing an uncertain future. Are
i 1 the current generations of
educa t e d Negaoes worthy of
I those Negroes who fell at
pi 10 en i x ?
There is entirely too much
po iit.i Ca i apathy among Ne-
groes and when the matter is
j pressed upon them, they too
often take re f U ge in the fact
that whites are apa thette too.
But the white man can afford
to be apathetic in ways the
l Negroes cannot. He is figur-
1 atively speaking sitting on the
top of the world and has the
1 the glory and the hon¬
power,
or.
The Negro is the Southern
white man’s frame of refer-
and , lf , hc ... d the ..
1 encc can 10
Negro down by casting a cas¬
ual vote he will do so. But if
the Negro shows too great po-
..... litical interest, A ____ x the white _ vot¬ L
ers will turn out in sufficient
numbers to keep the balance
of power in the hands of the
white man
Then again Negroes ‘cannot
afford t0 take their cue from
the white man who has the kd-
vantages , ” that ,, , come with' ... ’thorns-:
of of . . As .
ands years experience.
• exhort . .
i once heard , . a sneaker ,
a Negro graduating class, “Ne¬
groes will never catch thc white
man running with the sanie
speed as the white man.” h
If he would win in the race
the white man, he must run
faster. Negroes cannot do the
same things that the white
man docs and get by as thc
whites get by. The Negro
must be just a little better. If
: the men of Nineveh will rise
j up in judgment to condemn
j this generation, what about
the men of Phoenix?
ton observed:
I I “Among the Negro people who
, have truly shared the Amer-
ican dream of freedom, none
stands higher than the late
Mar y McLeod Bethune—educa-
tor * civic worker and adviser to
Presidents. Rightly called the
First Woman of Her Race,’ her
llfe work stands as a testimo-
1 maI selfless dedication in be-
«««>-»>*■"
Dr Bethune, who died in
1955 w orked tirelessly for 38
years as a college president. She
also served in governmental po¬
si tons—as member of the Na-
t,ona! Commission for Child
; Welfare! director, Office of Ne-
ero Affairs; director, National
Youth administration;‘ Special
ad visor to President Roosevelt
j on minority affairs; and special
assistant to Secretary of war
^ or selecting candidates to the
first WAC Officers Candidate
school during World War H.
The resolution has been re¬
ferred, in the House, to the
committee on House administra¬
tion. and it is not likely that
any action will be taken in this
session since Congress is so near
adjournment that there will be
no time to schedule hearings.
However. NCNW has appoint
ed a committee to begin work
on the project. A fund-raising
drive is to be “kicked-off” the
first of the year, even though
I there is no definite assurance
that congress will approve
such a venture. JU #
- * i- —a