Newspaper Page Text
SATURDAY, APR?!. mi)
5AfAK»
WITH BILLY GRAHAM II AFRICA
to TCM McMAHJN, Religion Editor, The State, Columbia, S. C.
I' - N<{ I' AVID HOTEL.
\ -W.-M. ISRAEL, “I don’t
lie vo 1. 1 don’t believe
1! is v.s'is fciie whispered
n lion i>a German professor
I v ttbed nearly ten
r vd under a huge
i <’ : :o to hear the last
Hi y Graham’s African
t, laham’s; visit to Epypt
p’anned as a postscript to
“S- fari fo)- Souls’’ which took
throuelr-eleven other African
tries in eight weeks. As it
ed out Jhe closing meeting
t'ie climax of the entire
V ' ran newsmen were
to leant.that the Egyptian
ment had given permission to
the tent meeting, which was
first of it's kind in the
of the -living. Although it
held ou~mission property, the
ve e attracted a large number
Moslems.
P' >ple jammed the aisles
stood in the tightest
the Graham team members
ever ?i*n. Two ambassadors
to stand up during the service. A
third high diplomat official sat
tl ci >v led platform. Four
later Graham told a gathering
churchman in Israel that
Cairo meeting was “the most spiri-
tually patent and electric meeting
I have,: ever seen.” He said he
never had seen such expectancy.
“I was- told later that the hand
of Go<f i* moving in Egypt,” he
added.,' \
Hundreds of Egyptians lifted
their hands at the close of the ser¬
vile to indicate their acceptance
of Christ as God and Savior, and
most of them stayed after the
meeting for further instructions in
the Christian life.
Graham flew from Cairo to Jor¬
dan to begin a week’s pilgrimage
in the Holy Land. He said he was
deeply moved as he walked where
Jesus walked and saw the tradi¬
tional ites of His death, resur¬
rection and ascension.
An estimated fifteen hundred
pc; -(.ns crowded into the beautiful
C rman Lutheran Church in Old
.1 nnalem to hear Graham. The
noon could be heard for a block
around. A man, high in a Moslem
minaret nearby, appeared to be
listening. A person standing in
the courtyard of The Church of
the Holly Sepulchre could hear
s chi 6 of the message. A veteran
o' ever said the audience repre¬
sented at least a dozen nationa¬
lities.
At the close of the meeting
s on of hands were raised as
a lo! ii of surrender to Christ and
many remained for the after meet¬
ing where the way of life was ex¬
plained more fully.
Thursday afternoon Graham and
his four associates crossed the
“no-man’s land’ ’at the famous
Mamjclbaum Gate to begin a four[
<!.• v visit to Israel. He was met
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by a barrage of fl’ash bulbs as
photographers snapped pictures.
Two hours later the most largely
attended press conference of his
’our was held. Some said an un
urecedented number of Israel'
newsmen were present.
The evangelist was also met by
a number of high government of
"icials who warmly welcomed him
md explained apologetically why
sponsors of his visit were unable
’o get permission to use a public
hall in Tel Aviv for a meeting.
A press comment indicated the
Tel Aviv auditorium issue may be¬
come a cause for celebre in
Jewry with repercussions in Ame¬
rica. Some are making the point
that Israel is being put into a
position of being less liberal
minded and less free than other
Moslem lands like Egypt and
northern Nigeria.
Embarrassed government lead¬
ers explained that Israel is still
an infant nation with people from
a hundred lands; many of whom
have been cruelly persecuted by so-
called Christians. Therefore, any¬
thing smelling of Christian mis¬
sionary activity evokes un-reason
ing opposition.
Graham assured all concerned
that he had come on the invita¬
tion of the Christian Council pri¬
marily to see the country and in¬
cidentally to speak to the Chris¬
tian community. He said the visit
did not represent a campaign like
that in Africa. Efforts to get the
auditorium in Tel Aviv were made
by enthusiastic Christian leaders
without his knowledge. The evan¬
gelist told newsmen he was not
here to proselytize but certainly I
would preach the Gospel at the
meetings which have been arrang¬
ed in churches and in the YMCA
forest at Nazareth.
While his method of inviting
people to accept Christ may be
different on the advice of local
Christian leaders than it has been
in most parts of Africa, Graham
said he did intend to proclaim
Christ and to urge men to follow
Him.
At the press conference Gra¬ j
ham gave his personal testimony
about how Christ changed his life
and gave him peace and joy. He
said every man must face this al¬
ternative — ,( either Christ was
the Son of God, able to forgive
sin, or He was the greatest fraud
in history.”
“I am here to preach about
what IJe has done for me and that
is considerable from my point of
view,” he added.
Graham declined comment on
specific Middle East problems. He
did tell newsmen on lioth sides of
the border that Christian princi¬
ples for forgiveness and love would ]
make possible hopeful conference
sessions and said he would con-
tinue to pray for peace in Jeru-
salem.
ON EVERY FIGHTING FRONT
National Guardsmen — tankers
and artillerymen—were already
in the front lines when the Jap¬
anese attacked the Philippines m
1941. Guardsmen fought from
Bataan to Okinawa, from North
Africa to Germany in 34 bitter
campaigns of World War II. The
34th Infantry Division from Iowa
and Minnesota was the first full
U. S. division to serve overseas.
■
White Man Poses as
Negro in Peep South
AS A AVHITF MAN AS A NEGRO
JOHN HOWARD GRIFFIN
John Howard Griffin, white
writer and author of Mansfield,
Texas, spent several weeks living
and working with Negroes in the
deep South in order to know from
experience just what the Negro
has to face in this country.
With the help of a dermatologist
and with the intake of certain pills
to darken the skin, Griffin started
his masquerade in New Orleans,-
Louisiana and worked there as a
shoe shine boy. Many times he
earned as little as $1.50 a day.
In April SEPIA, the first of a
series of articles reveals that Grif¬
fin was often hungry or thirsty
but had to suffer with it because
his black skin closed most doors
to him.
Wilkins Cites Need for
Law on TV
NEW YORK—President
hower’s proposal for local bi-racial
committees to work for harmony
has been endorsed by NAACP Ex¬
ecutive Secretary Roy Wilkins in
a nationwile television
ance.
In response to a question by John
Secondari on the ABC-TV net¬
work program, “Open Hearing,” on
March 20, Mr. Wilkins said: “The
first good resulting from the Pres¬
ident’s plan would be the restora¬
tion of communication. I think
that would be a very helpful thing,
But, of course, these bi-racial com¬
missions would have to be honest.
By that I mean no faking on the
part of Negroes and no bull-dozing
and faking on the part of whites.”
p.. iv ■■
L. STAMPS, left, sales
for Anheuser-Busch,
makers of Budweiser, receives
Distinguished Salesman’s
from Sales Marketing Exe¬
of Chicago, Inc., at the an-
banquet in the Drake Hotel.
is pictured here with J.
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, Griffin experienced prejudices
and segregation that only the No-
gro knows about. He became ac¬
quainted with the “hate stive” that
came from many whites. He learn¬
ed to pass a theatre and not look
up for fear of seeing a white wom¬
an’s picture. And he also learned
not to speak up to Whites because
he would have been “sussing”
| j them.
I His experiences, titled “Journey
Into Shame,” will touch you as well
as shock you. Griffin, in an in¬
terview, said no white man knows
what it means to be a Negro until
he experiences life as a Negro.
Live this life with John Howard
Griffin as he journeys into shame.
Asked by Don Goddard, ABC-
TV reporter, about the pending
civil rights legislation, Mr. Wilkins
declared that “the federal govern¬
ment has to pass a bill, for its
own sake, not particularly for our
sake . . . They’ve got to do it for
themselves, not alone for the bene¬
fit of Negroes.”
Declining to state a preference,
Mr. Wilkins commented briefly,
towards the end of the half-hour
program, on the' .civil rights rec¬
ord a of .presirferttial pb^i^Rties
Senators Stuaci SyniitjgtbW,
bert Humphrey.” ,Iohn Wennec
Lyndon B. Johfison, ..Vice President
Richard M. Nixon And Adlai Stev¬
enson.
Gilbert Bollinger, manager of the
brewery’s Chicago . Kimbark
branch. Stamps has been with
Budweiser five years, starting on
a self-improvement program 2V&
years ago hy taking marketing and
| salesmanship cours- jrses at North-
western University.
►+++4-4-+-J--5- +*M’+-M-+4-+•f-W*+•!•*!—>
't Why Are We Quitting The Farm?
B.v SHERMAN BRISCOE VSDA Information Specialist
Written especially for Associated Negro Pres*
For 10 years, Negroes have been
laying aside their plows and head¬
ing hopefully toward the big cities
j of the higher North with the expectation
of living standards, and
| better opportunities for them and
I their children.
This movement has not been
brought about only because of the
“pull" of the city, and the North,
hpt also because of the “push”
of eeononre conditions in the
rural South which in many cases
have dictated the change us a
matter of survival.
Of the 8,(110,000 farm people
who migrated to town during the
1940’s, nearly two million were
colored; and the rule of departure
luring the. 80’s is thought to have
continued at about the same pace.
But migration from the farm
is not new. For many years now
more than 2,000,000 people an¬
nually have been moving to or
from—-mostly front the farm.
Over six million quit agriculture
during the 20’s, and close to 3,-
500,000 during the depression 30’s
when jobs in town were scarce in¬
deed.
It is to be expected that farm
people will migrate to town in a
highly industrialized country such
as the United States, to help sup¬
ply the workers for shops and in¬
dustries. It is a sign of progress,
as well as an indication of in¬
creased efficiency in agriculture.
Around the turn of the century,
one farm worker produced only
enough food and fiber for himself
and six other people. Today one
farm worker produces three to
four times as much.
And, moreover, 4-1 per cent of
our farms—a— little over two mil¬
lion—are producing 9! per cent
of all the farm products marketed,
while 56 per cent of our farms
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are producing only nine per cent
of our commercial agricultural
output.
The operators of these farms
are marginal producers the un¬
der-employed tenant, sharer rop
per,sand small owners on farms too
small to provide an adequate level
of living. They make up the hulk
of those moving to town in search
of work.
Negro farm people make tip a
disproportionately large tributary
to the migration stream because
they are the most disadvantaged.
First of all, they moved into agri¬
culture 'as operators late in the
day, after most, of the free acres
in their familiar Southland were
gone.
Starting out nearly 100 years
ago mostly ns sharecroppers in
the South with nothing hut their
hands to contribute to agricultural
production, their rise has been
«liiw.
About 180,000 Negro farm
operators have inched their way
into ownership, while close to 280,-
000 or 61 per cent are still tenants
and sharecroppers.
It is significant that- Negro
land owners, as well as white,
are not only holding their own,
hut are moving ahead. While the
number of Negro farm operators
who are tenants and sharecroppers
in the South dropped from 500,000
in 1940 to 280,000 in 1954, the
number of owners increased by
8,000 to a total of 180,000. And
their farmland rose from 10.5 mil¬
lion acres to 11 million.
These figures are limited to the
South, because only about 8,000
colored farm operators live in other
areas, mainly Ohio, Michigan, Mis¬
souri, and Illinois.
Further evidence of their prog¬
ress is the fact that close to 50,-
000 Negro owner- are now rent-
'ng additional acres in order to
make full use of their lalior and
machinery.
However, one of the disadvant¬
ages of most owners and tenants is
that they are growing mainly cot¬
ton and tobacco at a time when
these are in surplus. About 85
i per cent of all Ni f ,-iiu
grow nil: i>, I 0 i per pel cent cent grow crow
tobacco.
The Government ha« tried to
help undei employed farmers,
It is estimated that Negro
ers alone have received more than
$300 million in loan to help them
get on their feet. Perhaps a-
many as 15,000 received loans to
buy farms of their owtn.
Other Department agench have
pitched in, too. I he Co-operative
Extension Service lias a staff of
more than 900 Negro farm and
home demonstration agents in the
17 States of the Southern region,
working with farm families in ap¬
plying the latest methods in farm¬
ing and home-making.
The small farmer’s problem is
essentially one of not having the
resources of land and equipment,
to produce enough to provide an
adequate incppie for himself and
his family.
Perhaps qnly a third of the 180,-
()00 Negro farm owners have such
resources. These arc making an
important contribution to Ameri¬
can agriculture. Ye I as they re¬
tire or pass off the scene, open¬
ings are loft for only one Negro
farm hoy in 17 of those now
growing up on farm Among tin*
whites, there are replacement op¬
portunities for not more than two
out of 15.
Both the high school vocational
agriculture teachers and thy col¬
leges of agriculture attended main-
PAGE THRP*
EHa Fitzgerald and
Sammy Davis, Jr.
On “Oscar” Show
HOLLYWOOD, Calif. — (ANP)
Ella Fitzgerald and Sammy
Davis Jr., top flight entertainer*
| recently elected among the star*
I fur I he 32nd annual “Oscar” shpw
ponsored hy the Academy of
Motion picture Arts and Sciences
A n i*l 1 I of tlio Tlonfnreon *%*»Vbtf&C: T 1 Vifln liWPibMKfBfi
* • t < > * < ii i un * r» *
will ing a number of hit turtf?
on the program, Arthur Freed thf
producer, announced.
However, no details of their
cic; tiom were given, except thf
but that Sammy will sing on« of
j the nominated songs, ‘High Hopes.’
The show will be carried ot*r
e combined television and radio
networks of the National Bro*d-
! ca ting Company and the Caha-
iian Broadcasting Company start*
ing at 7:30 p.jn. (EST).
!y by Negro youth, recognize tljat
j few of their graduates hava thf
j resources or opportunities to fa
into farming.
So Ihese schools now look upoa
their work as that of training
young men to be teachers of agri-
•ulture, county agents, soil eon-
iorvationiata, and other profes¬
sional agricultural workers in thw
! employ of federal, state, and
county governments.
11 owever, these jobs total ten*
than 2,000.
The outlook for the Negro ig
agriculture may not seem bright
at the moment, but neither i* it
really dark.
Some 50,000 to 75,000 NegTa
farm owners will play their full
part in feeding, clothing, and houfi-
ing an expanding population.
The tenants and croppers wh#
are finding no place on the term
and are migrating to town wherf
they nmy be better off.
However, everyone agrees that
their lot in the city would be con¬
siderably better, if they Were givtm
more prior preparation in skill*
and background for urban iivlq£.