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PAGE FOU3 Established 1*75 MRS. WILLA A. JOHNSON. .Editor & Publisher National Advertising Representative* Associated Publishers EZRA JOHNSON........Promotion A Adv Rep. 55 West 42nd Street PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY New York 36. New York 1009 WEST BROAD STREET 166 W. Washington 8t. Dial ADams 4-3432 — ADarna 4-3433 Chicago 2, 111. Subscription Advance Mr. Robert Whaley Kates in Whaley-Simp.son Company One Year _______________ $4.12 6608 Selma Ave. Blx Months _______________________________$3.09 Los Angeles 28, California Single Copy ------- .10 Mr. Gordon Simpson Wha!ey-Slmpson Company 700 Montgomery St. Remittance must be made by Express, Post San Francisco 11, California Office Money Order or Registered Mall. Second Class Mall Privileges Authorized at Savannah, Georgia VERTICAL INTEGRATION (From The New York Times) Some years ago Harry Golden of The Carolina Israelite put forward his “verti¬ cal Negro plan” for ending the segrega¬ tion crisis. He observed that there seemed to be no Southern objection to Negroes standing in close proximity to whites— in stores and elevators, for example. The whites objected only when seated—as at lunch counters and in schools. So Mr. Golden, tongue firmly in cheek, suggested that all seats be removed from schools and other problem areas so that the two races could stand together in peace. The shrewdness of Mr. Golden's insight was indicated in a recent dispatch from Suffolk. Va. A national chain store there, after closing its lunch counter for two weeks following a Negro demonstration, has reopened the counter on an unsegre¬ gated basis, but with the seats removed. If that price must be paid for equality, it ARE PUBLIC LUNCH COUNTERS SOCIAL CLUBS? From the St. Apologists for the store operators who have been mistreating American Negroes who sought seryice on an equal basis at lunch counters in the South are now try¬ ing to make out that eating a hot dog and drinking a cup of coffee alongside other members of Ihe buying public, in a store catering to the entire public is an effort by Negroes to gain social accep¬ tance by whites. This type of poppycock does not take into consideration that by no stretch of EDITORIAL OPINIONS OF THE NATIONS PRESS Compiled by the ASSOCIATED NEGRO PRESS Here is a sampling of the reaction of the nation’s press to the recent South African massacre pf Negroes protesting' restrictive laws: THE TIMES, NEW YORK. N. Y.: “This sickness of South Africa is a symptom of a world' sickness that can be cured (inly by the medicine of sanity, justice and tolerance” THE POST, DENVER: Fusillades from s u b-ni a c h i n e guns against unarmed Africans in the Union cannot help but lengthen the odds against Africa’s winning the true fruits of free¬ dom in our time.” THE NEWS and COURIER, Charleston. S. C.: “The selection of stories in The New ^ ork Times and other influential .journals Put South Africa in a very bad light. The cheap protests of domestic agitation groups like the Congress for Racial Equal¬ ity were given a big build-up. The plight of the white South Africans, threatened hv creeping barbarism, was ignored.” THE EXAMINER, Los Angeles: Quite understandably, a large number of Americans would prefer to see this country keep out of other nations' af¬ fairs. So would we, as a general rule. But it is both the duty and the penal!v of our country’s position in the world to affirm our leadership when the occasion demands.” THE MORNING NEWS, Wilmington, Del.: “The I nion of South Africa is the only country in the world, as far as we know, that is trying not only to bring the move¬ ment for better treatment of an oppressed race to a halt but also to turn the clock back to the more repressive practices of an earlier era.” 2500 Attend 4th Mass Meet (Continued from rage’ onel be against us.” Legree Burke, a State College student, spoke for the youth. In answer to the question, “What do we hope to gain?” he said. “Every right and privilege granted American citizens by the United States Constitution.” Jam- Ty.vya of th° Progres¬ sive Loc-ai Union 601, appealed is worth paying. But surely the episode underlines the pettiness and illogicality of racial segregation, as Mr. Golden’s “plan” did. The peaceful admission of Negroes to lunch counters in San Antonio last week shows that adjustment to common sense and common decency is possible on this issue, although admittedly San Antonio is not the Deep South. A heavy responsi¬ bility in the lunch counter struggle rests on the national chain stores whose South¬ ern branches are involved, and to date they have not met that responsibility. Economic power of the kind these chains have won carries with it the duty to use the power wisely and tourageously. The chains cannot hide behind 1he excuse of local custom. They should take the hold step and make it their policy to deal with all customers equally, in all their stores. the imagination can a public lunch coun¬ ter be considered the proper place for a social occasion. People who seek exclusiveness for eat¬ ing their meals organize private clubs, where such exclusiveness may be prac¬ ticed without question. Equating a public eating place, in an establishment which advertises its wares for public sale with a private club for white only, or blacks only, is rather far¬ fetched. THE POST, Washington, D. C .: “The cause is a paralyzing fear on the part of the white minority, particularly the Afrikaners—fear of economic compe¬ tition, of loss of advantage, or racial admixture, even of revenge for past wrongs. This is a common human emo¬ tion, and one that through history some¬ times has brought appalling denials of human dignity. No country or people is immune. A very similar emotion figures in the difficulties in the South of the United States with the distinction that here it is the policy of the Federal Gov¬ ernment to eliminate racial discrimina¬ tion.” THE COURIER-JOURNAL, Louisville. Ky.: “Most of Africa’s new governments, however, have closer links to the primi- tism of a half-century ago than with the l«)]itical and scientific complexities of the Space Age- If they are nj>t to lose in chaotic disorder and sheer inefficiency the bright hopes with which they are taking over their national destinies, or to fall to Communist blandishments or indigeous dictatorships, they must have the most intelligent assistance that older nations can provide.” THE BULLETIN, Philadelphia: “The police killings of Negroes in South Africa are the result of a state policy de¬ liberately hostile to the majority race. The murder of an innocent white boy in South Philadelphia occurred in a city leaning over backward to encourage good will with a Negro minority. To attribute hoodlum uprisings here to disorder in South Africa or South Carolina is to credit moron boys with reacting to world affairs never heard of.” , to all laborers to support the I movement morally and finan- ' Dally. Rev. Jackson invited the au¬ dience to return to FAB church | on Easter Sunday at 4 p. m. for I a prayer service. Grand Jury j Probe Rocks (Continued from Page One) either. * “These worth statements are nothing new," he continued. "! signed one once before and will be glad to cooperate again—if asked.” Lt. Bryan said he had not called by the jury. The were unavailable for comment. Other officers also have ssked to submit statements cluding Detective Marion Crane. His private car figured an alleged incident with a pick-up car on which Mayor graft charges were ba c ed. Captain Tanner also figured the Negro officers' statements the mayor. One said that when he tried mske a before-hour: arre.-’ a ( Negro saloon Captain Tanner THE SAVANNAH TRIBUNE, SAVANNAH, GEORGIA How Long Can The Government Allow Defiance and Loss of World Respect? ■ * •'£ . . --- .** -A / - --------- Ssi£. 5232 % W'i V.ffc'VNOV'* 00^ the Home (Second in a Series of Four) 11y MRS. EDNA L. WILLIAMS (Mrs. Williams is a graduate of Atlanta University School of Li¬ brary Service and has worked as librarian in several colleges.) The phrase, “The more 1 see it, the better I like it,” is a truism for books, as other things. And what better place to create a love of books than in the home? With a book, a child can let his imagination have free reign, inter¬ preting author’s words as he chooses, as it should be. Every child should have the joy of oivn- ing books that are his to look at and read whenever he chooses. But what of developing the home library, is it an expensive process? The experts say a good home li¬ brary need not be costly, but it should offer variety, Consider these things in starting a library in your home: (!) In purchasing. A visit to, the nearest library or book' stare where free catalogs are available, or the book review sectior of news¬ papers or magazines will reveal some of the fine works being pub¬ lished today. Some of the classics, as Alice In Wonderland and Rob¬ inson Crusoe should certainly be included in purchases, and recent inexpensive editions are available. All books need not be considered permanent additions to the library. The child should be able to discard those he no longer wants, for some 2 Scholarships Available for of Classes Two scholarships of $150 each have boon made available for Ne¬ gro teachers who would like to qualify to teach special .education classes in Savannah’s Public schools. Dr. Lee Howard, Jr., Chairman of the Mayor’s Advi¬ sory Committee on Health Careers said Tuesday. The scholarships were donated by the Georgia Grand Lodge Prince Hall Masons, the first Negro group to supply scholarships which are necessary for Savanhah teachers to qualify to teach in the school’s special education program. R. W. Gadsden, Chairman, of foreign correspondence of the Prince Hall Masons, learned of the need for such scholarships when he attended a recent meet¬ ing of the Mayor's Advisory Com¬ mittee held at United Community Services. Mr. Gadsden then con¬ tacted the Lodge’s Grand Master, John Wesley Dobbs in Atlanta and pea red from behind the bar. Tanner had been taken to ta-k | by a previous grand jury for mak- I ing his headquarters at the same bar, in the Central Negro District. Subsequent stories describing ! how Tanner has become prosper- | ous recently through his real es- ! tate holdings. Sources told The News that Tanner was of a mind to defy the I Grand Jury in its request for his I financial statement and was try- : ing to persuade other officers to ; do likewise. Previous Dade grand juries have sought financial information from police officers but this apparently ■ tin first- time ihe questionnaire technique has been used here. books, once read, have been “used up” so to speak, while others will be read again and again. Expen¬ sive books are not necessarily the best books. Many good books are available at the drug, grocery or variety store fo ras little os $.25. (2) Consider Your Child. We should plan the library to fit the child and let his stage of develop¬ ment, specific needs and interests guide us in our book selection. Buy¬ ing books too advanced for his abilities may overwhelm him, with the result that he may shy away from reading. There should be in¬ cluded one or two books in which he has not expressed an interest, but to which his interest may be guided. A good children’s book club may offer your child further experience in selecting books. (3) In Choosing: A variety of Stilly 'books are invaluable in the home library, but reference books (dictionary, atlas, encyclopedia) are the backbone. When these are carefully chosen, they encourage the child to seek information for himself—a big step in promoting independence. If only one set of encyclopedias can be purchased to accommodate each age group, choose one that is comprehensive in coverage of facts, untechnical in language, with ample illustrations. Advice on the best encyclopedia for your need can be obtained at the library. told him of the need. Mr. Dobbs subsequently approved the scho¬ larships as part of that organiza¬ tion’s charity work for 1960. “We still need to obtain 8 scho¬ larships for white teachers and 8 more for Negro teachers in order to have enough instructors for these special education classes in the fall,” f)r. Howard said. “This fine gesture by the Prince Hall Grand Lodge of Masons encour¬ ages us, to think that other civic groups and organizations will de¬ cide to offer money for the rest of the scholarships.” Teachers who teach special edu¬ cation classes do not receive any extra compensation although they must have extra training, Dr. Ho¬ ward said. Also, since there is no state nor federal money avail- j able for scholarships in the field, money for such training must come either from the individual teacher or from local groups. Jabberwock to Have (Continued from Page Ons; vannah Alumnae Chapter of the Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc. Savannahians look forward to this annual activity and the usual capa¬ city audience is expected. Tickets may be purchased from any member of the Sorority or the “Miss Jabberwock” contest¬ ants. Proceeds will be used for high ctliool cho’m.Jiip,- and 'ha- ritable projects in the community. 1 Direction By J. REDDICK Serving the needs of persons is a major opportunity. Our attempt to adjust any phase of world af¬ fairs should begin with persons. A story is toil? of a little boy who had a map of the world with the picture of a man on the reverse side of it. The map, by accident, was torn into halves. The little boy’s father one day was trying to put the map togetl. ir in order that he could determine directions. When the boy saw his father strug¬ gling, he said to his father, “It is simple: turn the map over and get the man right.” The father simply turned it over and corrected the ■'man" on the reverse side and the “world” was right. This alludes to the important factor that’ we ; have neglected in so many i n - i t stances today. We may struggle | with a confused community, insti¬ tution or world trying to save it; with this missing factor, I persons, we achieve little or nothing. If the institution does not serve the needs of persons, it is useless. Struggling to save institutions at the expense of persons is a com¬ mon evil we sometime give efforts to today. We need to “correct the reverse side” when persons are on the reverse side. Institutions are means and not ends. They are tools by which man should be serv¬ ed. Scriptural reference: Mark 2:23-28. The critics of Jesus were interested in “Our way of life” even if other persons suffer at its expense, just so the institution is preserved. Through Jesus’ min¬ istry, he worked uncompromising¬ ly to correct that distorted idea and give the crown back to man,” the crown of God’s creation.” Jesus’ position is still a challenge to our religion. Church Leaders Endorse I Sit-Down Protests I NEW YORK—(ANP) — The j president of the National Council of Churches said Friday orderly j sit-down protests against discrimi¬ nation were “an expression of-just and righteous indignation.” The president, the Rev. Edwin T. Dahlberg, sent the letter to leaders of 33 Protestant and East¬ ern Orthodox denominations in 50 states, Racial Self-Defense (Continued from Page »me) packinghouse workers, urging that their support is “in the best interest of the American labor movement.” A mass meeting on the steps of ?he Ohio State Capitol was held on Sunday, April 10, at Colum¬ bus. Barbee William Durham is executive secretary of the Colum¬ bus blanch. West Coast activity in support of the student demonstrations widened with an NAACF regional call to all branches to engage in an all-out petition campaign. C. D. Dellums, chairman of the Wed CoB-t region, i"! the ram- paign will be geared to gathering SATURDAY, APRIL 10, lt>iiO 5)0 Drops By R. VV. Gadsden As well informed people should know that children go together like marriage, which means problem of disobedience, and delinquency is as the institution of of the home and family. It amiss to suggest that after generation, the with perhaps one or has had occasion shocked that its youth had the Fourth has sanctimoniously the youth of each was on the road to St. Paul, the great and hero of the faith, cautioned the the Ephesians in one of in these words: your parents in the this is right. Honor and mother (this is commandment with promise) it may be well with you you may live long on The great sustaining fact our belief in the and our youth, is that majority of them are of the trust and of our labor and our we must recognize, •{»•£* *****«»J* *j* •■j«*j**J*«i»^*»-j«*j»»5**I*«$**5«*t' , ^! < *2*****$**V*!**!*****»* , **‘-*** 4 *r*v**I**!**I**’.* v v*I**I , *I , * , J Between The Lines By Dean Cordon B. Hancock for ANI* *'*«$•*1*»*»*5***♦ »%A♦*■•*’• *!*'I*****'.*•!'•*I*F* •'* •*- *1 WHITE SUPREMACY’S TRUMP CARD The current slaughter in is easily one of the and tragedies of The tragic news that out is bad enough, untold st.o’ - y of what must in the be revolting. What is currently going on South Africa must alongside Hitler’s of Jews and with of the hapless Hitler with his was slaughtered in his chancellery; hanged by his heels to death on outskirts In both cases the chickens deeds were not long home to roost. It even so with Malan. truth may be crushed but it will rise again. of Malan and Africa will be free! It is true that the enslaved and the Pharoahs, but it is true that these same have lived to igaze dry bones f the once that was built and the Pharoahs. The thing that should concern us are the means of white is actual in South is potential wherever the of white supremacy What is happening in is a grim reminder ■ same thing could for there are thousands, if not millions of whites in who feel toward its citizens as the whites feel the Negroes of South whose only crime is for hte liberty that South Africa and world are dangling before eyes. Brutality cannot be more bru- than to kindle the desire and then slaughter hu¬ for desiring it. Only in God can assuage the forebodings aroused by tragic enactments of the They are currently doing in Africa what they feel like in Mississippi and for the reason-wihite supremacy. What is transpiring in South must not be charged the white race as there Our Past This Week By FANNIE S. WILLIAMS An ANP Feature April 12, 1863—The 54th Massa¬ Volunteer Infantry was composed of persons of decent.” These were the Negroes recruited from free people of the North to fight the Civil War. of signatures for pre- (citation P’ c. idcnt E’ enfcower May 17. The day marks the did the writer of the Ephesians that there are reasons why ehil- dien become wayward and one of them is the role of parents with respect to the behavior of chil¬ dren. He cautions them also: Fathers, do not provoke your children to anger, but briny them up in tlw discipline and instruc¬ tion of the Lord." The , implication, of these words is comprehensive enough to in¬ clude all the world knows about responsibility of parents to see to it children are “well born,” and bred in an environment as econom¬ ically secure and adequate as pos¬ sible but based upon affectionate regard of each for all, “in honor preferring one another.” It is an age-long tragedy that some families, perhaps many, have not operated in accordance with the best ideals for rearing chil¬ dren; it is more tragic that aii too often children, born and reared in desirable environment, “depart from the way of their training.” The responsibility of parents to provide adequate home life for their children is tremendous if it is true that “People never get be¬ yond the influence of their first homes . . . they carry the influ¬ ence of that first home with them as long as they are alive upon the earth.” is such great temptation to do. It must only be charged against the advocates of white supre- rnacy predicated upon the de- gradation of human beings, There are millions and mil- , lions of whites who have not | bowed white the knee to wi ich the is Baal of supremacy com- milted to the ideals of Christi- anity and democracy and hu- man decency, AH of the whites in South Af. rioa do not condone Malanism j and the current slaughter of defenseless Negroes who want i to live in decency and freedom, And some of us had thought 1 that the long dark night of s * aver y was P ast ■ The cur- ren t danger ,is that the recent upsurge of white supremacy with its concomitant human degradation and slaughter may undermine and destroy civilixa- 011 anc * mankind itself. ! ^ all but de stroyed roan's faith in man. There is j n '°* ; a nation on the face of t. e j car *- b that trusts another na- ; H° n - Could Russia have steat¬ er comfort than that afford- 1 ec * by the enactments in tragic South Africa? The implications of white su¬ premacy are more ominous than i those of communism. The late H. G. Wells was right when he that race prejudice is the worst single thing in the life I of mankind. White supreraa- ; ey’s trump card is the machine gun! The one ray of sunshine in the dark cloud that brutality in I South Africa has cast over the earth is the assurance that. what is transpiring there has j j not of the the white unanimous world. approbation Although.tin- p. • v :•; t!m! be in South Africa hurl into the j teeth of some protesting nations the irritating truth that they themselves must get right be- j fore trying to right what is wrong with South Africa.. South Africa is disgraced in the eye's of history. The accusations against the guilty by the guilty make for a weak case. “Pots must not call kettles black” is an old adage that will not down. In the meantime hope for oppressed peoples re¬ sides in the promise of God that righteousness has a mort¬ gage on the world and that in due time, the lion and the lamb will lie down together. April 13, 1866 -Fisk university, Nashville, Tenn., was established. April 14, 1775 The first aboli¬ tion society in the United States was founded. April 14, 186;, Pres. Abraham Lincoln rvas shot by John Wilkes Booth, at Ford’s Theatre in Wash¬ ington. I I sixth anniversary of the Supreme | Court’- decision on school deseg- ! relation.