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fagi rora ®hf $mwmh Srilw. Established 1175 MRS. WILLA A. JOHNSON—Editor A Publisher EZRA JOHNSON 1: on .Promotion A Adv. Rep. K55Sffi^S7^S5=F 1009 WEST BROAD STREET Dial ADams 4-3432 — ADams 4-3433 Subscription Rates In Advance One Year___________________________ .. $4.12 Six Months___________________________ ___$3.09 Single Copy ________________________ .— .10 Remittance Rmst & made by Express, Post Office Money Order or Registered Mail. Second Class Mail Privileges Authorised at Savannah, Georgia CRUSADE FOR VOTERS: RISING TO THE CHALLENGE * The youthful organization, the Crusade For Voters, wfth its positive campaign to register every Negro in Chatham County is a giant step on the road to complete equality and freedom for the Negro in Chatham County. Under the leadership of Hosea Williams, the Crusade For Voters has set up mach¬ inery to politically educate the Negro at the grass roots level. The county has been divided into precincts and further divided on the block level with a block worker in charge of a specific block. When bur block leader calls at your home, it is imperative that you listen to his vital message on the importance of registering and voting. If you have a yearning to be completely fiee by J96M, the 100th Anniversary of Emancipation, you have an obligation to yourself and you* children's children to register and vote. A. American citizens, we have the right to choose those who make the laws and administer them. Men and women have fought and died in many countries in the world tor the right to vote. Negroes have been killed for trying to exercise this de¬ mocratic right. In Chatham County, Ne¬ groes are not killed for attempting to ex¬ ercise their shameful right to use the ballot, and yet, it is to report the indiffer¬ ence of the Savannah Negro to his respon¬ sibility as a citizen to register and vote. Do you know that 50,000 registered Ne¬ groes in Savannah could control any elec¬ tion? There are some who argue that the Sit-Downs May Spark Major Racial Southern NEW YORK* The United States is on the verge of a major racial -<eata*t*V>pHe similar to the violence and IthxxMied that erupt¬ ed itl Jitmih Africa recently, a Southern journalist warned today. Writing in the current issue of bonk "Magazine, George E. Mc¬ Millan declared that “sit-down” protests by young Southern Ne¬ groes” may hold the fuse that ignites the explosion.” S. Median, a resident of Aiken, 0., said he was “astonished” during a recent trip through the South by “how rigidly and inflex¬ ibly the ‘sides’ have lined up” in Negro Congressmen Discuss Affect of Canceling President's Visit to Japan nation’s four congressmen were not in agreement on what affect, if any. the withdrawal of Presi¬ dent Eisenhower's irritation to visit ippan will hay« "A the dark¬ er nations of,,the vvoiw. Repj Robert N. C. Nix of Phil¬ adelphia and Rep. Adam C. Powell of New York City, thought it would. Rep. Charles C. Diggs of De¬ troit, who recently returned from a visit to that part of the world, said he felt the Tokyo riots rep¬ resented only a small extremist segment of the Japanese popula¬ tion. Rep. William I.. Dawson of Chi¬ cago, dean- of the nation’s legis¬ lators, said: that while he was no supporter of tjke .Eisenhower administration "and make no mistake about that”—Eisenhower is still president and we must back him up. The four were solicited exclu¬ sively by the Associated Negro Press for their }’4'A S jufjter, the administration of riAna' Minister Nobusuke Kishi was forced to withdraw the invitation to Ike who was scheduled to visit Japan beginning Sunday. Many have argued that the se¬ ries of unprecedented riots that have threatened to topple Kishi's administration were not anti- American but were directed against the now 10-year Japanese- American security pact that was scheduled to be ratified during Ei¬ senhower’s visit. Nix, who is the freshman among the Negro solons, said he didn’t think the Japanese incident would have any adverse affect on dark¬ er nations, or the non-committed National Advertising Representatives Associated Publishers 65 West 42nd Street New York 38, New York 188 W. Washington 8k Chicago 2, 111. Mr. Robert Whaley Whaley-Simpson Company 6608 Selma Ave. Los Angeles 28, California Mr. Gordon Simpson Whaley-Simpson Company 700 Montgomery St. Ban E ranclsco 11 , California A Negro’s indifference is indicative of Americans in general, for barely 60 per¬ cent of those eligible voted in the last Presidential election. All Americans should exercise the sacred right to vote. The Negro cannot afford to emulate his thousands of white brothers who do not vote, for the vote is one of his major weapons in the arsenal of freedom to be used judiciously in his fight for complete 1' ItEEDOM. Voteless People Are Helpless People! The Crusade For Voters is telling Chat¬ ham County Negroes that they can no longer be indifferent, that it is suicidal to have a lack of interest in public affairs and that they can no longer be lazy and ignore the call to register and vote. The ( rusade For Voters is not interested in how one votes — that is a personal deci¬ sion. However, it is more important that the Negro vote in order to insure the rights and privileges that he deserves in Chatham County. Only through the judicious use of the ballot will the Chatham County Negro get adequate housing, schools, recreational facilities, right to employment and respect as citizens. The vote is the key to hav¬ ing elected officials in office who will be cognizant of the aspirations of Negroes. The Crusade For Voters is rising to the challenge of the times by encouraging every Negro man and woman over 18 years of age to register and vote. This is a major step to FREEDOM FOR THE NE¬ GRO PEOPLE. the racial struggle. “The most frightening thing now,” he wrote, “is the air of resignation with which Southern¬ ers of both races view the inevita¬ bility of Violence. “It is not so much that anybody wants violence as it is that no¬ body sees any alternative to it.” Southern Negroes, McMillan noted, “are infused with a new determination, and are ready to risk violence to get some of the gains they believe are due them.” The middle-class whites, he add¬ ed, seem “helplessly committed” fo violence. He felt that it would serve as an awakening to the American people that “our whole approach to people of other races and other countries has been completely stu¬ pid.” As an example he cited Nixon’s treatment in South America, the difficulties of Sighmon Rhee Korea and the breakdown of gov¬ ernment in Turkey, all of which we have supported and none of which we’ve understood enough to actually inspire confidence of those countries. “We need to re-evaluate our ap¬ proach to all peoples including the American Negro,” emphasized Nix. The Pennsylvanian blamed own foreign policy, the of our public relations system, and the lack of understanding our leaders, for the widespread anti-American feeling abroad. Powell, characteristically out¬ spoken, said: “It is almost unbelievable the President of the United will not support the United Supreme Court, yet will go all way to Japan in face of hysteria and possible personal ger to sign a military pact. “I thoroughly disagree with violence of the fanatical group in Japan,” he “but it might be wise to that this hysteria could have stimulated by knowledge that in the United States Mr. hower lacks the courage to j up for the colored minority. “It might well be that happened in Tokyo might be beginning of a rejection of United States by hitherto “They’ve said fio long, ‘there’ll Ik 1 trouble,’ if the old balance be¬ tween the races is disturbed, that they now find themselves almost counting on trouble as a solution to their problem,” he said in the Look article. To prevent violence, McMillan predicted that somebody outside of the South will have to intervene and that “that intervention will almost certainly have to come from the Federal Government.” McMillan, a former newspaper¬ man in Knoxville, Term., and Washington, I). (’., is presently a free-lance magazine writer. of America’s neutralist attitude on segregation within our own country.” Congressman Diggs said calling off of the Eisenhower visit, only lent encouragement to the Soviet bloc. “This will only inspire them to conduct similar demonstrations in other areas with perhaps big¬ ger results on this whole issue. The. Michigan representative felt, on the other hand, that the Japanese government was respon¬ sible for the bloody demonstra¬ tions. He said the cancellation of this trip reflected more upon the Japa¬ nese government than our govern¬ ment. If the Japanese govern¬ ment had shown enough fortitude to back up its invitation and al¬ lowed the President to visit that country, it would have gone a long way toward “breaking the back” of the hostile minority. “It would have been a dramatic vic¬ tory of the forces of the free world.” Dawson, who prides himself on being a politician of positive ac¬ tion rather than empty words, sys¬ tematically steers clear of com¬ ments on controversial issues. While he declined to give an official statement on the Eisen¬ hower controversy, it was gleaned through a diseussion on the mat¬ ter that he considers himself an “American first.” And any insult upon the President of the United States is an insult upon all Ameri¬ cans. “But whether or not you approve of Mr. Eisenhower’s leadership he is still our President and we must back him against foreign foes,” stated the Illinois representative in effect. THE SAVANNAH TRIBUNE, SAVANNAH, GEORGIA Enforcement Of Civil Laws Will Make Their Proream Useless ~'—T 1 " HMkk. Vbr’.d*. *vu. w- r-u*.- m . r GIPPAP: m / tmZ * $ HARDER- FELLOW YOUNG ! / ■Si* _r ’-*4 (iV-' v THEY SEEM * „ 1W ./* Wj#* * TO BE vj£L ' HAVING DIFFICULTY— ' JFV '' ■ PERHAPS I'D BETTER ’*’■ ' “ % . zW&i NOT USE THERMO .** ' . —- ■ I Like the Ghetto By CECIL CRAIGNE for ANP Yes, you read the title correctly. I do prefer living in the ghetto as they call the Negro section of many large cities. I am not an Uncle Tom, either I’m just truthful. In the first place, let’s make it clear what we’re talking about. When I say living I mean my place of residence, the place to go to be with my family, to rest and recreate myself for the daily strug¬ gle with men and machines to make a living. And when I say ghetto, T mean the Negro residential section of town. The impression lias'some¬ how circulated that a gVie'tifo YaVs is a i sliTm. The dictionary tire ghetto was originally thi* ssddtion of certain European cities tcJ Yvhieh the Jews were restricted': Today it simply means a section of a city occupied principally najif^ality. by persons of one race or There’s no mention of of its tjeing blit ft a slum. It may be, course, doesn’t have to be. In maji’y in¬ stances, the ghetto where Negroes live is not a slum — at least not all of it. I don’t pretend to speak for all Negroes. 1 don't know them all, don’t know how they all think. In this piece I am expressing my own point of view. Now, 1 repeat: I prefer living in the ghetto. Here’s why. For the white American, the ag¬ gravations of the work day are bad enough. More and more are suf¬ fering with ulcers. Psychiatrists’ couches don’t get a chance to cool so many are the persons seeking to rid themselves of the frustra¬ tions they have., collected along with their weekly take home pay. If the American white man finds himself on the brink of insanity from the vexations he encounters in his daily living, imagine the tragic plight of the Negro! For on top of and in addition to all the problems the white man has, the Negro has another that’s inescap¬ able: race. The Negro, therefore, is in much more need of a place of refuge at the end of the day where he can escape the tensions, irritations and frustrations. Where can he find such an asylum? Certainly not in a neigh¬ borhood where he is 1 ikely to en¬ counter the same problems he seeks to escape. The nine plucky little Negro pio¬ neers who broke the racial harriers at Central high school in Little Rock would probably have gone crazy if they hadn't had the secur¬ ity, sympathy and relation afford¬ ed by their own neighborhood every night. I don’t think—as game as they were—they could have made it if they had to go to a home every night in Chicago’s smouldering Mr. Randolph Clarifies Purposes Of "March on the Conventions Movement For Freedom Now" A. Philip Randolph announced today that the MARCH on the CONVENTIONS MOVEMENT— FOR FREEDOM NOW, which he and Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., launched last week, was not in- j tended to “block entrance” to ei- | ther of the political conventions. Trumbull Park or Philadelphia’s restless Levittown after a day of harassment at school. As a man wants to feel that he’s always welcome at home, where he cap discard the figurative tight fitting shoes he must wear all day in the presence of strangers or others who are not his social com¬ panions, so a man wants a neigh¬ borhood where he can be at ease. This doesn’t mean he wants to Walk the streets of his neighbor¬ hood in his birthday suit.. But if he wants to take a turn around the block, it’s so much more enjoyable if those he encounters are friends, especially friends with .whom he can discuss problems common to them all. Re doesn't, want to go to a cor¬ ner tavern for a drink of beer where..the atmsopheve is strained 'and up,relaxing, where he’s more tolerated than welcome. It’s more than one can hope that all the persons in your community like you. But if they don’t, you know it’s not because of your race if your neighborhood is colored. I.ike many other Negroes, I have some good white friends, some of whom I prefer to some of the Ne¬ groes I know because we have mu¬ tual interests. I’d like them as neighbors if I could pick my neigh¬ bors because I feel we have much in common. But since I have no choice of who lives next door to me or on my street, the chances are that my neighborhood would be more congenial if made up com¬ pletely of Negroes. I have no objections to inter¬ racial neighborhoods. I heartily endorse the efforts of the NAACP and many individuals who ave try¬ ing to break down the unwritten restrictive covenants. I applaud the Progress Development Corp. that is trying to bring Christianity to Dearfield, 111., by building homes available to all without racial re¬ strictions. I believe that under the consti¬ tution I have the right, as every Negro should, to live in any neigh¬ borhood or any community my fi¬ nancial situation will permit. But because I feel I am entitled to that right, I don’t just have to live there. Along with the right to live where I please, I can still ex¬ press a preference as to where I live. An interracial neighborhood can — and often does—have all the faults, vices, filth, crim dilapida¬ tion and noise one usually associ¬ ates with only Negro neighbor¬ hoods. Some all-white neighbor¬ hoods are that way, too. What’s so wrong in living in a colored neighborhood? Some avid integrationist.s—and I know I must sound like a southern white man— would have us feel that we’re com¬ mitting a crime against God, the state and our race in wanting to Mr. Randolph made his state¬ ment in response to a number of inquiries he said he had since the formal announcement of the MARCH last week. In clarifying the purposes of the mass non-violent demonstra- tions in Los Angeles and Chicago, associate with ourselves. What’s wrong with us that we should spurn the company of each other? On the other hand I am in viol¬ ent disagreement with the East- lands and Faubuses who see a fed- i al subversive case in every mixed marriage or a violation of God’s holy law in any interracial asso¬ ciation unless it’s between a white man and a Negro woman in Miss¬ issippi after midnight. By living in a Negro neighbor¬ hood, I am not cutting myself off from the rest of the city. My wife and I go to shows downtown, to restaurants and night clubs—any¬ where we please, and race is no factor. Frequently, we find our¬ selves in places where we're the nly Negroes. Such association with persons of other races is fine and is really necessary if one wants to really be a part of the larger community. And we all should be. Then, too, I want my wife, whom I leave at home all day, to be in a neighborhood where I feel she has security in the type of neigh¬ bors who surround her. Aside from a masher, a purse snatcher or the type of anti-social charac¬ ter any woman might encounter, anywhere, I go to work convinced that as a Negro woman she is safer in a decent Negro neighbor¬ hood. That goes *or my children, too. They, too, attend a mixed school and under the supervision all day of an interracial faculty, need the ■imp surcease from tension that I do at the end of the day. Their little playmates might call them a lot of nasty names when they have their little spats, includ¬ ing that very foul obscenity linked to Negroes but there’ll he no allu¬ sions to race or insinuations from nosey elders about the superiority of one race over another. Neither will there be that silly concern that sometimes keeps mothers awake at night when they see their little ones getting too friendly with youngsters of an¬ other race. * * You may not think so much of this, but such factors fashion a woman’s personality. I don’t want my wife all mixed up inside emo¬ tionally over race. I like her as she is. Within the ghetto, one can find neighbors to suit every social whim, every intellectual interest, every economic stratification. You can find them mum, dumb or argu¬ mentative. Some are ugly, some are pretty. Some are cultured and others are rowdy and “not ready.” But they’re all Negroes and going home to a neighborhood full of them after a hard day on the job is next to going home to your fami¬ ly. There’s a certain comfort there you can’t find anywhere else. Randolph stated that “this project is not a picket line in the con¬ ventional sense, but a protest march. Unlike a trade union picket line, our objective is not to block the entrance of any individuals or j groups into the convention halls. Rather our objective is dramatical- Between The Lines By Dean Gordon B. Hancock for ANP NIXON GROWS IN STATURE Many years ago this writer visit¬ ed Tuskegee while Booker T. Washington was still living, and chanced to visit the great educa¬ tor’s private office. Upon the wall was a framed card bearing this inscription: "“The more I see of some men the better I love, my dog.” And the memory of this card suggests to me the thought, that the more I see of his hecklers, the more highly do I regard Vice-Pres¬ ident Richard Nixon, as a presi¬ dential possibility. For • many months this column has passed along favorable comment with re¬ gard to Nixon’s proposed candi¬ dacy for the presidency. In spite of the studied heckling now currently going on, Nixon looms larger as the man for the White House. We predicate our position on general and particular principles. Among the genera! principles is the insuppressible fact that he is opposed by the Demo¬ cratic party studded with towering Negro-phobes. On general principles this writer is for anybody and anything these Negrophobes oppose. And while one may be particularly wrong gener¬ ally, one is correct in taking this position. So long have these Negrophobes opposed anything and everything that timately means the liberation of Negroes, Negroes have become sensitive to the darts and thrusts of these arch-apostles of the religi¬ on of the Old South, bent on eter¬ nalizing the Negroes’ sub-citizen¬ ship in this country. These men are determined to head off Nixon in his candidacy and election to the presidency of these United States. A candidate can be judged as much by the peo¬ ple who oppose him as- by those who favor him. The ire that Nixon is drawing from the Democratic party which, has largely become a tool for the Negrophobes of this country, com¬ mends him as candidate for the presidency. Another of these general prin¬ ciples is the likelihood of the Democratic nomination going to Kennedy a democrat from Massa¬ chusetts, and that the democrats of the North “play ball” with the democrats of the South is too well known to need recounting here. Kennedy has already paid a ges¬ ture visit to New Orleans, and Paul Butler Says Human -Ull Rights Most Important Moral Problem of 20th Century WASHINGTON—(ANP) — “sit-in” demonstrations in the south along with the more explo¬ sive demonstrations around the world emprasize the urgency in achieving equality of citizenship for all Americans, declared Paul M. Butler, chairman of the Demo¬ cratic National Committee. Addressing a testimonial lunch¬ eon given in his honor by the Me¬ tropolitan Women’s Democratic Club, the committee chairman said: “The question of human rights is the most important moral prob¬ lem of the Twentieth Century. It is a real challenge in our capacity to live together as American citi¬ zens in peace and harmony. “Sit-in demonstrations at home and much more explosive demon¬ stration around the world tell us to hurry in our march toward full recognition of the equality of citizenship for ail Americans.” Among those who praised But¬ ler for his forthrightness on civil and human rights were Cong. John Brademas from his district in In¬ diana; Congresswoman Edith Green; Mrs. Katie Loucheim, vice chairman of the National Demo¬ cratic Committee; Senator Frank Church of Idaho; Cong. Charles C. Diggs of Michigan; Senator William Proxmire of Wisconsin and Mrs. Vel Phillips, national De¬ mocratic committeewoman from ly to demonstrate to both politi¬ cal parties the dissatisfaction of | the Negro with their demand performances specific j to date and to a : program that guarantees freedom J Mr. Randolph described the term I picket line as a “misnomer.” “In j none of our statements has Dr. King or I characterized the proj¬ ect as a ‘picket line.’ Indeed, we intended clearly to differentiate our endeavor from picketing when we formulated the title MARCH ON THE CONVENTIONS MOVEMENT FOR FREEDOM NOW.” Mr. Randolph also reported that SATURDAY, JUNE 25, 1960 he did .not come out with anti-Negro statement, it can be that he spoke the langu¬ of the Southern democrats. Since the passing of the immort¬ Franklin Delano Roosevelt, the of democracy in this country been changed to an anti-Negro As one of my friends put it, opposition to my pro-republican the Republican party is the party of privilege for the privi¬ But we counter that the demo¬ cratic party has become the party of underprivilege for the Negro. Negroes have nothing to expect from a party dominated by the Byrds and Eastlands and company. Better a thousand times that a party in power be charged with being for the privileged, than that such party be charged with the serious offense of denying citizen¬ ship to a race that has fought upon many battlefields to save our vaunted democracy. Better a thousand thimes that a be accused of slighting the interests of the underprivileged, to stand convicted of rushing Negro citizens to the front in of war and to the rear in of peace. When the choice is made between evils it is by far better to the lesser. Then on par¬ principles there is Nixon’s fine record of inter-racial fairness and his courage, to stand up to, and talk back to, the Russian bully named Nikita Khrushchev, who is trying to bulldoze him¬ self into a world dictatorship. Nixon on his visit to Russia showed that he is capable of hand¬ this high-handed international bully. It is this specific honest-to- goodness courage that marks Nix¬ as the man to direct our desti¬ nies. I cannot imagine Kennedy or anybody the democratic party may who would be so capable of standing up to Khrushchev and it out with him. We have come upon a time wh(n need more than an astute inter¬ politician in our White Although faltering now and then the way, Eisenhower has not out to the Southern Negro¬ He has made it possible Nixon to take an advanced step, here is believing that Nixpn take it! Diggs admired Butler’s courage to speak out boldly on civil rights issues below the Mason-Dixon line. He has broadened civil rights is¬ sues beyond any particular sec¬ tion of any specific race. He has established a standard which this party must live up to. Butler who was elected chair¬ man of the Democrat National Committee in New Orleans in 1955 has announced his plans to resign after the convention in Los Ange¬ les next month. During his stint with the Committee he has been described as a “workhorse.” He is proud of his career as a politician which began as a pre¬ cinct poll tgker in his native South Bend, Indiana. He admitted that when he first accepted this position he differed with the Negro press on certain points of view. At that time he thought it was the responsibility of party leaders to weld together the different points of view of the party and bring about a hormoni- ous relationship so they could win. Now after five years, five months and 11 days in this posi¬ tion he said he is willing to ad¬ mit that he was wrong. Now he feels that the party must be right even if it loses. He had rather go down as a loser if he is right than be wrong and win. the local response in Los Angeles and Chicago to the call for the MARCH had been “most encour- aging and impressive.” Local committees, representing a broad cross-section of both communities, have been established and are functioning effectively. June 19, 1809 — First African Baptist church, believed to be the first Negro Baptist congregation, in the United States, organized in Philadelphia. June 24, 1844 — M. Harriett Bailey, mother of Paul Lawrence Dunbar, born near Shelby ville, Ky.