Newspaper Page Text
FA6V FOtTB
%ke $ awumab
Established 1179
MRS. WILLA A. JOHNSON—Editor A Publisher National Advertising Representatives
EZRA JOHNSON--------Promotion A Adr. Rep. Associated Publishers
55 West 42nd Street
PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY New York 36, New York
1009 WEST BROAD STREET 166 W. Washington St.
Dial AD&ma 4-3432 — ADams 4-3433 Chicago 2, 111.
Subscription Rates In Advance Mr. Robert Whaley
One Year--------------------------- $4.13 Whaley-Simpson Company
ill Months--------------------------- 6608 Selma Ave.
.$3.09 Los Angeles 28, California
■Ingle Copy ------------------------- .10 Mr. Gordon Simpson
WhaJey-SImpson Company
Remittance must be made by Express, Post 700 Montgomery St.
Office Money Order Registered Mall. Ban Francisco 11, California
or
Authorized Second Class at Savannah, Mall Privileges Georgia A
Are Drownings “Unavoidable” at
Swimming Pool?
Negro citizens are interested in the al¬ Avenue. ■» "if",
leged statement of City Recreation Di¬ Citizens are asking, “Is Savannah’s
rector Car! Hager that his investigation Recreation Program Safe and Ade¬
shows that the death of George Owens, quate?" The comparison of Tompkins
Jr., age 12 years, was “one of those un¬ Pool for Negroes with Baffin Park Pool
fortunate things that happen once in for Whites is astounding to the inade¬
a while no matter what precautions you as
take.” quacy of Tompkins.
/
Owens drowned in the Sophronia We believe, that drownings could be
Tompkins Pool Monday. One swimming avoided at Tompkins. There is a pro¬
instructor was on duty. The life guard had nounced lack of proper sanitation, of ad¬
left his post temporarily. There equate .equipment, and of trained super¬
were no vision. We are asking Director Hager to
inhalators nearby. Firemen had to bring reinvestigate the “precautionary mea¬
this apparatus from East Oglethorpe sures” at Tompkins Pool.
Your Life's Record
(From the Industrial News Review)
The hometown newspaper — like the reported the arrival of our grandchildren.
rising and setting of the sun — is a vital Why, you and your paper have written
part of our everyday living. and printed a life history of family.
A letter to tho editor of the Grundy, our
Iowa, Register, brings this point home. And why shouldn’t we look upon you and
It said: “You were here over 50 years your paper as a member of our family?”
ago and you will find in the files of your Yes, the local newspaper is the recorder
paper a report of my birth. Your paper of the life of a community — business,
also had stories when I played football in personal, political and national. Being a
school, when I graduated and later when constant subscriber is a good habit to ac¬
I got married. You have reported many quire because the local paper isn’t self-
anniversaries in our family, the birth of perpetuating as is the sun. It needs your
our children, their activities in school and support even as the community needs its
elsewhere. And in late years you have service.
Editorial Opinion from The Nation’s
(Compiled by the Associated Negro Press)
Just to get away from the Congo, and SIT-DOWNS
the civil rights planks for a week, here NEWS AND COURIER, Charleston, S. C.
are some editorial excerpts on other sub¬ “Race relations are too explosive a mat¬
jects of current interest which appeared ter to entrust to the hands of teen-agers
recently in daily papers: and even younger children now taking
LADY KLUXERS part in lunch-counter demonstrations.
Adults who dragoon young Negroes into
CONSTITUTION, Atlanta pushing around the public and interfer¬
“This was bound to happen.” ing with private rights will have much to
“When men run around in bed sheets, answer for in the possible consequences
manhood goes out the window. The lad¬ of these ill-mannered activities.”
ies are banding together to protect them¬ POS I’-l 1ERAL1 Birmingham
selves we suppose, or maybe to protect >,
the KKK-type of male.” ‘Certainly everyone in Alabama knows
that such demonstrations are in direct
GAZETTE, Charleston, VV. Va. violation of the law. And those who or¬
“It doesn’t take a farsighted man to ganize or encourage such disturbances
envision what's to come. There will have tread dangerously close themselves to
to be a corresponding secretary, and she charges of conspiracy.”
will keep southern society editors inform¬ LITTLE HOC K BOMBING
ed of meetings, parades, ritualistic drill,
lynchings and cross burnings.” GAZETTE, Little Rock
BUNCHE FOR VP “'1 he alleged dynamiters were arrested
by the FBI under the Civil Rights Act of
POST, Denver J!J60, which made this sort of dynamiting
“W’ould it not he wise to establish a a federal offense. Certainly there is
huge moral base at Washington, D C cause for general thankfulness that the
by the nomination of Dr. Ralph Bunche’ KBI was empowered to move in and crack
Ivegro member of the United Nations the case.
Council and one of America’s most emiu-' “Here is practical application
ent statesmen, as a candidate for the vice- a of the
presidency by the Republican (ivil Rights measure which is working
Party?” for the welfare of the people of Arkansas/’
booker T. Washington, 62 Years Ago,
Forecast the Civil Rights Plank
Of Both Major Parties Today
By Albert Barnett
CHICAGO (ANP)—B. J.
nings, prominent heating
plumbing contractor here
more than 35 years, Is
Informed on the historical
ground of Tuskegee
and its founder, Dr. Booker
Washington.
Jennings was Impressed
the wide publicity given
Civil Rights Plank at the
cent conventions of both
jor parties, so he delved
his scrapbook and came
with two remarkable
ments on U. s. race
made years ago by Dr. Wash
ington that today evokes
thought and calm reflection.
The following statement
the famous educator was
tained in an Open Letter
the Constitutional
oi the State of Louisiana,
1898, and was titled:
Booker T. Washington
Voting and Higher Education”
“No state in the South can
make a law that will provide
an opportunity or temptation
for an ignorant white man to
vote and withhold the same op¬
portunity fro*n an ignorant
Negro, without injuring both.
“The Negro does not object
to an educational or property
test, but let the law be so clear
that no one clothed with state
auhority will be tempted to
perjure or degrade himself by
putting one interpretation up-
0 n it for the white man and
another for the black man.
“Study the history of the
South and you will find that
where there has been the mast
dishonesty Jn the matter of
voting, there you will find to¬
day the lowest moral condition
of both races
, “I believe that nothing will
j help my own people in your
state (Louisiana) as provision
at some institution for
highest academic and
training, in connection
thorough training in
ture, mechanics and
economy.
“In the work of moulding
guiding .public sentiment
shall forever maintain
and goodwill between the
on terms commendable to
it is on the Negro wTio
out of our colleges and
trial schools that we
largely depend.”
(Dr. Washington's second
torical statement appears
week.)
August 17, 1886 — Marcus
vey, founder of the United
Improvement Association
fostered theory of a black
i nomy, born in Jamaica.
August 20, 1791 — The
rebellion under the leadership
Jean J. Dessalaines began.
,
THE SAVANNAH TRIBUNE, SAVANNAH, GEORGIA
READY TO COLLECT NOW, SINCE BOTH PARTIES PROMISED
Inside Story of Alleged
Assaults on Women
By A. .1. Siggins, up (lined up) at the bungalows, ca and Asia, yea, all over the
British Journalist for ANP where the Belgian wives lived, j world.
gian According to reports raped—some 291 Bel¬ ficers “Later to the stay blacks and asked command 36 of- j Thirty relief years editor, ago. the when principal editing . . .
women were as
of them many times—by Con- them, J weekly newspaper of
golese soldiers. “The officers refused because Salaam, Tanganyika, I wrote a
However, there is another of what we did to their wives,’! leading article under the head-
side of the story, one which one black soldier said. ‘Why?! ing “Straight Talk.”
throws new light upon the I gave my wife many times to! In it, I warned women that
events that occurred. From v/hite men.’ | it was not wise nor modest to
the pen of Andrew Borowiec, a “Other puzzled black soldiers j allow their houseboys to per-
writer for the People, a Sun ( echoed this. The ___ pent-up _____ feel- _ 1 form intimate tasks, see them
day newspaper which specializ -1 ings of inferiority, fostered by | scantily-clothed or . allow loose
es in blood-and-thunder sto- j 80 years of servility and sub- conversation to be overheard
ries, comes an account which mission had flared up in a j by native servants. Most of
says: surge of rape, looting and kill- j their, men openly or secretly
“Yes, it’s kjuitie true,” say ing. Now they are dying down, j applauded my article, but the
grinning black soldiers. ( j ‘The Congolese do not hate hated for it.
women me
The article then reads, in I the white man. They know, I remember how
part.: now they will have to have his j Egyptians were when scantily-
“Today, I sat among Congo¬ they do not got, sret. .it, .it. I | clad clad women women walked walked from, from the. the
lese soldiers who admitted, blood will flow again in the beaches along the streets in
with smiling simplicity, that Congo.” | Alexandria in 1936 and 1937.
they had raped white women— The above account is typi-; white women have gained an
AS THEIR RIGHT. And in ... cal of a writer who has had uneviable name for exposing
this Congo village near the bor-; very little experience in Afri- J too niuch of their person in Af-
der with Portuguese Angola, I ca. { rlca, Arabia and Asia. What
heard something of the simple; How does he know the “Con- j ias happened in the Congo
of rules black goles do not hate the white 1
set by which the cari happen ensewhere, if “Eve”
man here lives. I man?” offers her apples too freely to
“The raping was a symptom J The Congo js a million lusty “Adams,” whatever their j
of independence. j miles square in extent and con- color. i
“ ‘Belgian officers slept with j tains 1.3 million people, 1
our women all the time,’ they! Again: “If they do not get But Kin let let us us not not forget forget that tnat
said, ‘but wrn could never sleep j help from the white man. Africans trail a long way be-;
with theirs. Now we are equal; l blood will flow again in the hind Europeans—as Belgians'
and it is not right that the Congo . .” should invasions-—in know after the the matter German of' J
Belgians should object. Have the white men stopp- withj
“‘Yes, we raped white wo¬ ed blood flowing anywhere in the I atrocities by soldiery hot
men. They walked around in world when they wanted some- 1 die thrill of victory and seeth-j
shorts, showing their legs. But thing the other fellow had?, lllg with levengful feelings, i
when black men came to them, Borowiec and his editor should ] There are records of Belgian
they would not shake hands.’ read the history of the Congo, 'atrocities I by Germans as well
“To the primitive, illiterate of Europe, North-America, South 1 as of Congo atrocities by Bel-
soldiers of the Congo army, i America and elsewhere, elsewhere, when! when S ians - I
independence ished the wall should separating have them abol- j the The white exaltation man gave of being help. able So far, there is no evidence
that these will stop or that
from what seemed a desirable to answer back to white officers there are plans to stop them
prize—a white woman. and their wives undoubtedly by any white nation. On
“When they saw that the went to many black soldiers’ the contrary, genocide is plann¬
barrier had not disappeared, heads. Many white women ed and all the Christian church¬
they did what seemed the most all over Africa appear in very es support these plans to mur¬ i
natural thing to do—they took brief shorts and in other pro- der hundreds of millions of
the women by force. vocative ways seem to forget men, w omen and children, and
“In the giant Camp Hardy, that African men are males. leave many more horribly mu- j
near Th.vsville, about 100 miles They are inviting trouble. tilated. (
west of Leopoldville, black sol¬ Such women have been the •PRIMITIVE, ILLITERATE” ILLITERATE”
diers locked their white of¬ of 1
up bane all decent folk, black, CONGO SOLDIERS HAVE NO
ficers for two days and queued brown and white all over Afri-
Boston CORF] Ends Bias
In
BOSTON, Mass. — The owner
of Woodvale, a housing develop¬
ment just north of Boston, agreed
to sell to Negroes. The applica¬
j tion of Ulysses G. Marshall was
accepted by Mr. Campanelli, the
owner. The action followed two
weeks of sit-ins and picketing by
Boston CORE.
Mr. Marshall asked the assist¬
ance of CORE two years after he
first filed his complaint with the
Commission. In June the CORE
group did two tests to determine
that Woodvale would accept white
applicants and refuse Negroes. In
both cases the agents simply fled
when the Negro appeared. They
did not return as long as the
Negro remained.
An attempt to set up a negotiat¬
ing session with Mr. Campanelli
failed. On Saturday, July 16th,
two CORE sit-in teams went to the
office of the Company. The real
estate agents left hurriedly and
no business was handled for the
seven hour period from 1:00 p.m.
until 8:00 p.m. The group picket¬
ed the development on Sunday.
The following Saturday four
Negro members of CORE, all
genuine applicants for housing,
sat-in the agents office. White
members of CORE explained the
situation to other applicants. Fin¬
ally the Negro CORE members
were given genuine application
forms to fill out. The agreement
to end discrimination came the
following week.
Previously the CORE group had
won an agreement from the Veter -
Administration to end dis-
criminatory referral practices and
had helped break discrimination at
Fairfield Gardens, an apartment
development.
Leadership
Eight of Ku
Klux Ivlan
! j
'Continued from Page One*
I
fairly large KKK groups. !
Edwards’ Klan included or¬
ganizations in a number of
states. l
Edwards, a large florid man
with red hair, mustache and
steelrimmed spectacles, was a
pamt sprayer at an Atlanta j
automobile body plant. He
suffered a heart attack about
four months ago but his wife
said he refused to allow the
illness to interfere with his
Klan duties. He was on sick
leave from hrs job however.
SATURDAY, AUGUST 13, i960
Between The Lines
Bv Dean Gordon B. Hancock for ANP
OUR TWO GREAT
The Republican National|
Convention is history. With
Nixon and Lodge selected to
.
to carry the Republican stand- j
ard, even as Kennedy and
Johnson were selected to carry |
the Democratic standard, the I
country is all set for one of
the greatest political campaigns
in history, and upon the out¬
come could easily hinge the
grave matter of peace or war.
From the standpoint of de¬
corum. *he Republican conven¬
tion was far superior and was
kept in complete control by its
general chairman. On the
other hand, the Democratic I
convention was too often
of hand and resolved itself in¬
to a mob with dangerous po¬
tentialities.
The Democratic convention
was largely influenced by the
dissident southern delegates
who represented the Old South’s
way of thinking and who at¬
tempted to throw things off
the track, unless the civil rights
plank was planed down until it
was the meaningless instru¬
ment they wanted it to be.
Happily the convention favor¬
ed a moderately strong civil
rights plank and got it. While |
Negroes generally should give )
attention to ail of the plat-i
forms their chief concern is]
with the matter of civil
Negroes of this country are un-i
der the pressure of segregation I
and its evil *
concomitants, and
as such must look for deliv-
| ------
erance.
Foreign relations concern Ne¬
groes even .as they concern all
other American citizens, but the
Negro is faced with an addi¬
tional trouble of race relations.
The time may come when
Negroes can see only national
issue .and (international rela¬
tions with no particular con-
cern for race relations but that
time is not now.
Negroes want a man for Pres- 1
ident who not only can handle !
effectively national and in-
ternatlonal matters, but they
wan,t a President who can ea=e
the pressures which come up-
on Negroes because they are
Negroes. The nation wide con¬
spiracy to doom Negroes to
second rate citizenship cannot
be shrugged off.
However comfortable the
Democrats with their platform
make Negroes feel with their
references to civil rights, the
fact remains that the nation’s
chief Negrophobes hang like
millstones about the neck of
the Detol0criatl p f.. , T,he
p t , ..,. Ka pa ' udes
*, can '
. ,
era e ug!y fact
-
Tq its everlasting credit it 1
Islam and Africa
By ISA S. WAI.I
PART FI VP J
« , e ivo-part . j scries .
*
Isolation contributed th tne doc i
trinal inal conservatism of _ many Mus¬
lin countries in Africa.
To them, religion was the de¬
terminant factor in their lives.
But terminant factor in their lives,
such as western education and poli¬
tical ideologies, scientific thinking,
legislation, politics, modern social
and economic institutions, increas-
e< * * " ‘ t * 1 tbe West, made
possible through the development
°J tions, modern have systems since made of communica- impact
an
on the people even in remote cor-
ners of the continent
For Islam, this was a great chai-
length, particularly in areas of
the Middle East and Asia which
were most exposed to those influ¬
ences, and various movements call¬
ing for re-evaluation of religion
and Islamic civilization generally
were started. The study of ancient
and modern philosophy began in
Muslin universities, and a new
study of the Islamic law to clarify
its relation to civil legislation.
These reformist movements were
concerned with the re-assertion of
the qualities of Muslin religion
and were determined to “redeem
Islam,” not only from its own
spiritual retardation, but also from
western domination.”
They set out first to harmonize
concepts of modern science with
the Islamic scriptures in an effort
to resolve a ny conflict that
appear between them, and
held that science did not contra- j
diet but could serve to affirm
ternal truths in the Quran.
Leaders of the movement in the
late nineteenth and early twen-
CONVENTIONS
must be said, the Republican
Convention did not seek to win
over the dissatisfied southern
Democrats by offering a weak,
civil rights plank. Kennedy
has actually been flirting with
the Southern Democrats and if
Nixon has, it still has not been
proved.
The record of the Eisenhow¬
er adminstration is an impres¬
sive one, and even token inte¬
gration is a beginning which
must forever redound to its
credit.
When the Supreme Court ren-
dered its memorable decision on
the matter of the integration
the races in the schools of
the land, there arose in Wash¬
ington .a cry from the old line
Southerners, that a “test case”
should he made in the District
of Columbia.
President .Eisenholwer issued
orders that there would be no
test case in the District of Co¬
lumbia, but Integration itself.
There was no test case.
There was integration and in
spite of the adverse attitude cf
the great segment of the
Southern press, integration is
working in the District of Co-
Iurnbia and elsewhere through-
cut the nation,
And what is more there has
been onl y a minimum of the
violence that was so
freely predicted ,and that was
cultivated by Governor Faubus
himself, and had he himself
been cooperative .Little Rock
would never have been disgrac¬
ed in the eyes of the world.
No sane and sincere student
of race relations would absolve
the Republican Party cf all
blame for the current tensions
in race relations in this coun¬
try: but the Republicans have
made a contribution to the eas¬
of these tensions in ways
Democrats cannot match.
The Republican ticket with
its ' ,0 -Richard Nixon and it Cabot
Lodge is far more impressive
the Democrat ticket "with
Kennedy and Johnson. The
of Eastland and Bvrd
Talmadge putting a ring
the nose of our President
remote with Nixon in the
House.
Then too. this country irmst
succumb to the notion that
is the prime requisite
accession to office. Harri-
the Millionaire becomes
Governor of New York and
comes Rockefeller with
millions to the governor¬
of the Empire State.
Now comes Kennedy with his
seeking the presidency
the nation. He too has his
It is not a healthy
tieth centuries were Jamal Din
At hani ot „ Central Asia,
K Muham-
mad Abduh and Taha Husain of
Egypt, and Iqbal and Saiyid Ah¬
mad Khan of Pakist-.n in India.
They all shared a personal ex¬
perience of western culture and
influence in their intellectual de¬
velopment and attitudes.
Many parts of Africa have, in
varying degrees, been touched by
the current of the reformist move¬
ment, depending on their degree
of isolation.
Because of the intricate relation¬
ship of the religious, social and
political aspects of Islam, the re¬
forms which were advocated af¬
fected the traditional structure of
Muslin society, including its eco¬
nomy, its education, its system of
justice and the role of women.
Reformist movements also made
a very important contribution to
the development of modern nat¬
ionalism in Africa, although Islam
has been less powerful politically
in Africa than in other areas.
The stronger binding factor has
always been the Sharia or Muslin
Canon law, the importance of
which has been likened to that of
English common law in the Anglo-
Saxon community.
The impact of modern Western
Judicial systems has changed the
scope of the Sharia in many Mus
lin countries, but it still remains
valid in all personal and specifi-
cally Muslin matters.
Modern conceptions — thanks
largely to the Western educated
Africans — have influenced many
aspects of the Muslin outlook in
Africa and will continue to open
new and wider horizons,