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THOMAS RAGLAND, Proprietor. 'VOLUME X.XXVI. A STRICT CONSTRUCTION OF TUB CONSTITUTION IN HONEST ANI) MCONOMICAl. ADMINISTRATION OF THE GOVERNMENT. ImuMBUsToi™ OFFICE—RANDOLPH STREET NUMBER 7, SPEECH HON. B. H. HILL, pelitrrcd be/orr the Or or gin Legislator* %n Mi^letigcHUfc, oh the Kerning of t\> 1UA Dcctnlbcr, 1802.—Printed '*•/ lit quest oftfic tfetnbc'-a. Ladies, Gentlemen the General A<ecm bly, amt Fellow-Cithens ; When this revolution began, 1 imposed h e * r (i v mull'd thus to out material groatne#?, ; criaia, I should feol it a duty t » *olect , vi«ionaI Congiv:.-.. nr.d IVnm a desire on ‘ a producH pertW t unity among ou r poople, , Juffereon l)*vU. I concede the charge ' tho part fo tIt•• Government, to litivo mi ; ( rumoredI all jealousies and cfivirtei)*. and ; snwrlngly made that ho is neither n even** lo r»»«-*rt »o ft,*m*ftnptton. The.-.- i kindled in every bosom n hlazcofpatriot- j t?a**ar, nor a Cromwell, nor n Nupoleon. I charg**- ar« »•• utterly untrue- so utterly •- irm. mill arou-cJ the high resolve which He is nobler than either and greater than nt variance with the wry record# ot the t' ••d all for those noble deed* and ! all, because he has respect unto the laws ( government, iIih * 1 must prusuin* ihu ' tho * ii -I: cannot I/til to in-t of tho land, and rock* t<> Mtnb]i*h ami n<’t ! million wire entirely rgnuau! «>/’ tho purj ality. Mis* to destroy constitutional government. j legislation of C«mgr<w» nnd th»* acts of the added 1 In ray opinion, hi* great desire, to which j government. I an: not wil'tng to believe independence and nalv touri and Kentucky, in time, were added j In ray on to tin* ^Confederacy, and though those j all earthly desires are subordinate, is our j "that, great States labor under great aisndvan- ! final and complete succ.h* in this rovo- repeal such craved l have the hect of the oppressor i lotion. Mr. Lincoln, with all the udvan- i edge oft he f t* ? un them, they have furnished j tages of a long organized, powerful ami ' -idling svntom nut provingsufficient ’ recognized and received, it is neccawry | tube eallod away for a long period from interest in. or lew affection for Georgia re*-, l.y ih.» last act also authorised j by tho established laws ot - nations, that , their pursuits, the power of Congress is than I had when I occupied one of your »-'•'iiLuioion.-d and one non-cnmmD- , w«> show to the nations that we hare a asm-wily limited to call forth the militia | seats in tho State Assembly? Wo have r>d ollic -r. Mud one or more privates J government capable of <x>mmanding tho only to suppress insurrections, ropol in- gotten rid of those who-* interest* and un enoh Company for three years or , obodienoo of nur own citizens, and caps- | vnslotis aad execute tho lawn. Themilitia : sympathies Went different from our own. detailed for the’express I bio of repelling the assault* of foreign may sometimes aid tho army; hut always j Let us also got rid of the excessive T -- : ‘ ti- f—:—* ...- j - -«•—* —i~.i. . —j .i r— *'•- * ‘saloiutios tvfbioh thoso differentlei furn \rho •to recruit r noblest hero and i i weii supplied government , State Ex your at.i 0 ot silence. In my opinion success ; spirits who have hallowed our j utivos, even in the Confederate States, j hi#tor to be won by act.ve arms, united l ttU m. „„,j brought glory to our struggle, i not haring up >n their shoulders the con- i As early !*, l>fc[»l uuiMan, and that -nthout llrairt Mui interest th»y nr. of u», •>.?. * -• | V tnple . and ( duet of thTs gigantic war; have pleaded ! 1P81, i necessity as hu excuse for exercising ex- j «ional Fc\ ■w short traordinary power*, and have trampled 1 of Atnoric liitution, j upon constitutional real notions, • on federate Sintes wore ik and tor other purposes, ‘ and thoir .* > die President wa# MUthorir.ud begged ito the >ervi« e ofthis (ioveru- 1 the cou is, andeapa- ! vnsions »ad execute tho laws. Themilitia ; sympathi ,, JH * of foreign may sometimes aid tho army ; butalwavs Let us a v foen, That foreign foe a*ns H5s*ullinff ui | for’dhort periods ; and, therefore, the j jealoiuini which i - on i>hv. v. And on the 27th of Jan- n tut heavily. Wo had dafandod—nobly militia, as such, bits never boon called out | lahod politicians wit linn excuse to inflame, miry, ls-.j. hi, „ct w»s parsed authorising i defended by voluntary enlistment, until fora longer period than six months in thk Tho govarnmenf. is your own. Thu • - dot nil > -'Imii ofllc-'r ami two privates ! that system had exhnuiteri it« strength, country. A proposition by Mr. Giles, to agents who administer it are of your own to vevruit tho companies originally! We must command to the tight or fail. | call out tbo militia for two year.*, wan du- choosing from your own citizenship.— ciiI-Mod tw.'ivo mmiihs. IfAv« hud no rightlo oommnnd, tho Con* j noump'd by the very men who opposed j Choose wiio meu, good men; then givu Svi, wn n.n o:.ty p.. -, ido l every inodo ; federate Staten wa» • demonstrated (e-ik i conscription, n* an unconstitutional at- rour confldencoand support. And when f.u- v«>tvntH< -Kg which oven cupric* could ; uro, both as to internal Government and tempt to oonvertthe militia into an army ( they become unworthy return them t-o e iggust, but id* ' offered every induce* i external power. | And, in this, they were right. Hut. “to , privato life. ment and stimulant tliat ability would Hut why, upon what ground is thh leg-1 declare war" is m wholly ditforont power. Bternal vigilance is the pricaof liberty: ingenuity could devise. Mon, islation uncoiifititutioual ? , To d-clare war is not to suppress insur- I grant it. But I deny that eternal eeivod and received . Imii they weroHOut for and j First, because it is said to ba contrary ! Taction*, repel invasions, or execute the ; vigilnnca means perpetual snarling, gadf il-‘rnly whnt I regarded * virtue of silence In my opinion s had to r hearts, ■wilieh .11 tliolo u.iKhl prove un.v.i'ina in do.tinv , —ailont tonguoe. As you have just been Tims fellow-citix informed, a largo majority of the General months wo had adopted our Constitution, • upon constitutional restriction*, and tndi- hv this i Assembly invited mo to nddress them, f r4rnfl ,i 4 ,ur laww noalod our divisions, '< vtdnnl right* Hut Mr, Davis, ^ ith all ! to rcociv ... .. ... , .... . ... ...... _ ... . _. % and in detoreneci to their wish I am hero i IMl | nrjrU( | our |,,, r ,|,. r; . multiplied our re-l the disadvantage* of a new and weak 1 mntil *u--U i'.*r**«-* iu tlu» s.-rviie of the : their ghu,-.u- rM.-.l,-. Money whs tVeoly | homes and husinexs, and oomnfl ihom to j great work —the moet terriblonecessity of law-, contumely to authority, , U v n night for that purpose, l am sure i ^mitcos, nnd exhihited tothoworhl all the government to which I have alluded, and | States ns may bo tendered, ov who may ••flared, and amluti >n wa comiuissinuod iloicmi their country. This u o strange a fallen naturiv— ('ungreeA had to havo disorganizing freedom of individual •. nd to say imthinc: but tnnt wnicr^wui 0 i C i n or.ts «>f an udmirablo government in : with tho foarful doom ••!’ tho chief of , voluutoer, by consent of their .State, in , f» employ all its energies in raising regi* ! notion of liberty. .Men owe obligations I distinct and efliciont. mean.*. And for this opinion to set itself up against loyal aucc‘**ful operation. With equal rapid- J traitor* thll before him in cnao of failure, such r.umb r* n* he may require, for any menu, battalion*, squadron* mid oompu- a* well m poaseiH rights. Tho perform- purpose Congress was invested with th« ' enaytmenta and judicial decisions, ity did wo now prepare to defend that j ha* never yet found it necet^ary t.» vio- time not ln*a than twelve months, union* ] nies to hooure command. All failed. am e of obligation in tuo preservation of ( power to raiso and support armiei. Ami No, there is no foundation for these •'ountrr, jo»r j sooner discharged." Tho rroups raised Dm- army wa> thinning and the one- • rights, and lba only ^sjcurJiy to liberty. *>-«• i--«-»-*• i/o.. • '**■ J Tri.-d bran# filled] individual rights. Government, it is said, } require its to invade—to resent insult and I deny that vigilance means resistance to home to Join • has no right to fane, men from their J revenge injuries, and to accomplish this \ tho government, dissutisfictiou to tha oto th" good of the country and the nannony of our pooplo—which I consider inseparable. * < boon am humble and vory quiet vernment , most pou t equalled this nnatit; .. • v iv». »«- i to trample upon tho ri^hu of the hum- 1 by Staton «nd'ni-in.-a aver, i tor in this revolution from its hegmru »g. never been •• pi tiled by »iy na- ; blest ciiiaen. \S it h in ihc bomulaties of! received ••according to the !• I have b-cu N very close und anxious ob* . u ., n OJ ,,i„ |, M -.rv. The ,-t evi* law. by the pros n- of legislative grant, enliument.*' sorvor ot ini'ii, of measures and of things, dcnci •■:' thu may found u the « mlos- -ud according !■• the high nnd ,undent : On the i».h dav of Maiuh. I84I. an «ot and it "hall ho m> purporu to-nignt t<. , ,- Ion4 „f ,,4,- onemie*; for tho ereatest • privileges of Angio-Amarienn freomen, ivi- pa«.<ed provide for the i’ublin B‘ v 7 y° ' , H brief rev. in K“ii"r«i term* t j-j biitt' ever rendered to any people «».» ho hat usod the sword to tho bluimo and I Dofcnsn," and by tho n.-t tho Fi-feidont of the omburra--r i.-jit* ottlu* t.oiucourate , <(fU | ( ircd t<> tho Confederate army and ducomflturu of a million of eneinio* in j w** .1 .fhorieeil i<* *■«), fbr ami accept the Onveriinient fr*»ni VI?n ,, . l /!«i”iL’. *>12 1 government by thoir dksppointod and | arm-. Uy n ngorout polios he bus led ! servico^of nny number < f sidutueeu, not nation from weakness to j exceeding ono hundred thousand, Htill Increasing. Kven ,vot the go ling to givo up tho favorito No, there . .. _ this is right. If the thirteen btates had constant joalousles and threatened oon- Government is formed for mutual defence, j remnined eoparafe, it would have requir- flints bntwean the State and Confederate rnment. was not tvil* 1 end every member of government is un- j ml ns largo an army to wage war by, or * govevnmunta. Nine of ovary ten of them avorito t»*•pular ays* I tier a paramount obligation to defend it in J "' *" ” * progr * that G- of that prt»gr«.*1, and the probable ; of tbo revolution, judged by the ; . - , (iiivmnmniv ui'suiu'ihh'u huu r ta .* \ , ' d<ifoH'«:il too. When tbc hosts of the one- » army « r took > suit of tho rr --~ v -* I ‘-“ *•••*— 1 u " 1 - pn*t nnd the pn For imp-* no assembly < f K u pbice under cin’Uiii#taucc*oi groateranx- > iix^hanio hu i i.ty andllighbr r»pon.il.;ii-i.Ulii»nll. ; ..e ,„ ld fmlsU ’ | l.ii-h gurtoumlod »n.l j-rrw.j.1 u|. ■„ the Tili „ k „ ri l,i.. in • 1 l MuiitK .innr. pn,. e rumont. Kobruary, lsul. For ,- v *;uurv ivil.v tne crisis. Tiiere »*., M y v , •-, on ovory hand. The :• - . Tho futut-o was dark .. ' i*: ' ,. -v»rjd»rk. Wten wo Sr«i . hun j,.„i forty-throo dulcgates, represent- w j.j, and full of v proud, bnfol i power. Ity a firm but humane adhere 11th* . , co I for twolm memorable ! to the grim* principles •-;' nauoi - into j ohargod Hie only excuse whoso in mil v wa had boon rei u»*d admit-1 On the 8th discomfiture was J tancc, hu ha« d 'cin lcd tho Inithlni.s ex- “to raise nu ndd.i-.ional military ft Hiey j cesses of our adversary t-i univcreiii no* 1 nerve during the wav, t/rriety and perpetual infamy. And by ; tho Pruaident is autliorized t din- Con vent ion which oti tha Ith day of one, 1 felt most lies worn many trouble proiont was stormy ryim-n I An old j tho w sd or three-fourtho . msnship, rularnavy “* • * 1 uiuior tin’s Ct I vept vol*! l i aising and kooping au army by •'Uirt iry on list m on t. Ono Inoro method was rfttortod to—tha me about which we hear so much from m n who do not scorn to know wbal has lOf-n done. < * tha 28-1 of January. ltvVJ?, um ert was •• -• I nurhiirising tin- I’ir- d«mt “to call the v v.-rai Slat* * fur troop# |o serve or three \ -nr.* or during the war." This s tim plan wiiicii u 'arc flippantly told -tnplisli .jvorythiug. And tho 1 defonce of one, as all. The expense • issues spring, not from any real wall i. Staton. added States hud separated from rined u border or fringe of whnt had boon a very puwarf.l repuhl 1 the atatoamnnshi - prog. 1 rod •«*U!*>h l "'inn vmn nn-1 0 very epith- entj apologir.- , blundorh of »r a m<>- -j -immousdefcut in sight the ability, tho lari — • .... , - , viu-CiipiiaJ, by a do*pi»ud bund of im- i „t’ tha * rebol chief republic groat in every souse; lull of p r ovisci rebel", *out out by a government j A wise govornmont fullofr, ; ...,ir<M; full of gennli.nd f,.,, tlinn .ix n.outh. old »n<T Bmiing | , rB , r , „„d k libmnl. .. linu ,' 1 |,r " , ’’f J*' k poond of Np,.l<.gy mvu in tho luimilmhnp roiutituta •o*«tli»- 111- » lsrgo omul, Mill no n.»v will, «Uch lo ,Vv ' ' • protect Kin! defend it. »> e nan out ■> f,, rt . Hier " 01 e r>*n . v ,m»ll population -low tbati thteo o'iUion, k]luul ,| ,) more then iwoMy-Sve millions. I lh)> vounR .Mir reSMirco< wore exceedingly limited. 1 or ou* nnd active in- There whs not known to bo n saltpetre ; cayo capable of being worked in the Con- ‘ y Vith n , ft hiilorv , fodoracy. \\o had very few munitions t | li# rtr #t greattriai « , ul war, mid still f«*J'vr tacnities for pre , t\,miliar, it i* not my purpose curing m m*. I'\Bll thoolemanG.dpouer wilh ini ,i ( |„ tK but to »i n t.» rasulti ...... - how tho way to correct conclug omplisheil *t:«tes- J un»eers uiihout limits 1 the pur« iholoric of an j o/ibr sorrhett. . i for pun, he ba> fee.tied udiniratlou j Hut very* many complniut*- canin up to J gr- trorn for hinuelf ami his country- ; C-ongres* 1 hats-hum of ino.Slate Governor* ’ did make lie »-'uii »: wiin n men in the higiu-wt Culunei* and most] wore exceedingly penial in the ucdur 1 a.- mplixhci •'bed rougm l i- r-f.nod Courts of ib*» civilized world. - and organization of tho regimonts under Th<*qu ( >ta \ \ n.-vc: known, liven our onemio-, u->nnlly «•» higo’ed and | former act* -that lb«*y were U»ing their ; li-ve, w o t> -u in shame to upjdv powers to put I'oi-.viira their irinrids and , >>1.1*0 »ceni- to luivo made n« much effort, idiculeto the awkward i pronu-to thoiusel* • end that many who 1 und us mneli noi-nv nhuau linr olTorU a.s any blumlers of iheir I’residom, and to ndinii oiforei regiment- nnd eompan'p H i<> jho J other State, l will take Georgia d tho 1'riMidcnt • •• ib, and let us sims what was 1 and how done, required of Georgia l bn- tbonsand, and lien, e gallant j ami that iel nnd united od only to >1 ! complaint •- I these gull j Governor* were cither vij-cted nininnlctlugHin-il hi s/tmoudionmnunner, j The filled, •ting and I day• Ms Hid securo the services of all men. Congress, on the lllh : 1881, passed an not "inmake • iMon for ihc 1‘ubli l\fcns«\'' ■ ruftgl ; renown. | further ni In ,i republic of 1'ren opinions, where nnd a .'U 1 t he minds of men are various m* the such volum* er* 11* nny tender tli**ui*e!vu-, ; leaves oh the tree*, and n* unre-trainod ! and he may r<*quire, “without tbo dola.v 1 as the zephyrs flint fan ilium, we have ofaformal call upon thu re»peotiveStatus, are an 1 muoli cause to bo g rati lied that so few to nerve fornticli timen? l.e may require." vtodoal I i v au(M have been mado with the admin- 1 It was undnr one of those last acts—the I- HI: l t : -^.1 uted not i forco. wu worn weak. Hut all those together our groatext trouble, n weakness. The most s. roftlngupon thatConvoti viptiou, very generally if not universally sliured by tiio mum hers, that w« wore not certain of n n»n»tiuu*ncy. Our people wuro divided , ; -atly m diiltn • t angrily id that tin- lint id jiii have 1, I'olilici. hich posterity | taken’ u er. Wo b ,, h , fV-v,- Rn , which n* hH poo pi \c pn lo liav On ulniosl ul unanimous. —that tlio gallant Hart- 1 puny of ()gluthor]K‘s un jen accepted or Complaiutsaru ill* of the qm>- 1 North 1; but many separation divided to our abstract right ti solves, nor in roUii'-n t spctionai ruio averted b n suiOclont cause fur aona felt, nnd foil keenly, tuu had been has:-., ill-adviaod, and without that er»nauliali..n and eonrnH which ••■ft’ 1 due to our sister .Status, and to thn crisis. Thus, seven' States not compactly situat ed, with one-eighth tho population, with a large sea coast exposed, with fow sup plies, and fewer ?!* 0 “'O !lh.. world m | will never cease to wonder. W" h .. •« , f„w, and lomo of th bad defeat* and los»<*^. Considered in } oniisas ouUido of ibe tbemsolvo they have boon noro nnd du- , i\ t)n involved. 1 h pressing. The. good and the noble have It 1ik« been said that, tiui Navy Dapnrl- | r (alien, and the dark shadow* of sorrow ; mont has not done i’- duty. 1 •. my * 'havu passed over the door pilln nnd rest opinion, no portion of our people at e 1 ,'.*,",1' by thu hearthstones of almost every b‘on« raoru patriotic than tho navy, and no !' I in the land. Hut cMuidcrod in tho light J p .. r tioxs of Urn govornment has been •ircutn stun or* which surroiindoV us, { managed with more indu*trj, uridor the disadvantages lo which it ha* boon sub- first for (ho \ loudevad liii was acuRpted. 1 boliorn his company cnli-’Rd for the war the 8th t»l August. I8u|, quota of Georgia lold lhero was a larg. If thi* war** all, the argument might bn worth something. Hut how were thuao troop 1 raised ! In thu tir-t p!i»e,> 1 nt:du a fact of which \ >u me n<>l probably aware. Boon alter ’.ii* call wa* made the Governor sunt n • qu* >t. >m ie iiupa u ]>rotu.*! to tho Suo- r.-t:ir\ of War that, no more troops should be rai-ed in Gocrgia by porsona having eiMumisHioiis for tliat purpose under the a.•( to which I have referred, until this 1 requisition wa* tilled; and a number of 1 • P ,iineii'* |i;»i tedly iai-**d were only sarud id'd by the Secretary (>• ; Ullit the; 1* Rd "lbrib provi.n- tor tiiu l>;. winch the l're*idei ider the . r meiiyhan t.;reo years, unlo nr from some quarto edited ti if tho quota required >r, but it is a tart which Im , iluii b i —l'iI lie would be unablo or.— tin- e .1 the*" n.uimisslons * er— Oontiin. I nud that there would be litliculty iu tilling the* icquiultion. Hut n-en *ith tin* help, how did the Govorn- great. Ihdoad, grounded dilTorencos, but from passion, 0aflirod a larger personal ambition and party niunomyre. of each would also b each State would have . ... t army than all would require, lor with ao Thoro is iittlu difllculty in understanding many rival and conflicting power* #0 con- the respective right* and powers of tha tigiiou*. to oxeh other, wars and collisions two governmonts where tlie desire i* would havn been frequaut. To avoid sincerely and only to understand them, those very c.viU—to provide a common * Tho powers of thu Con federate Govorn- dufonco— to make that common dofenco ment are plainly and spednoally delega- ea»y and light, was oneof the very objects tod. Tho rights of the State-, a rf covered of too Cou federation, nnd to make that 1 by two propositions: fir*t. lo exercise tbc common dofouce equal and a unit ; tho 1 powers reserved or l.of prohibited; and, power to raise tbe army and nupport the seond, to have the power.* delegated army wa'. given to the common Govern- oxorcited according tv> the purposes of tha To have loft the execution of this grunt. Thu great husintws of the Con- lepciidont on tho will of the Htatos , federate Gnvcrument is to managu the would hare been ruinous For one Htnte ! inturust* common to the States, and might bo willing to furniah it# quota of especially to conduct, tlm relations v/itti men and monoy, and mux her unwilling, , foreign governments*. Them is too much om was soon thu ca^o, and this state nf ■ quibbling about terms, things would have prodncod uoL only 1 1 sometimes speak of the Confederate weakness and injustice, but disagree- Government hh a nation. What is meant menu, criminations and collisions—the ‘ by this ? When applied to the Ooufed- vury evils which wore intended to ho cracy it has no territorial raferonce. Aro romedied. In tho wnr now ponding, wo not struggling for admission into tbo Congress did not want a militia to repot . family of nations ? Are we not claiming an invasion. Invasion, it in true, was I and demanding recognition by other n»- foature of tlio war; but it was only tiona ? A* whnt will we a«k them to Hi. 1 till of the tMlui tionnl sueouhs, 1 a 111 r in that m!1 partial hist n.v ••ball w«*igh tlio im- r .._ JHH , and with divided neoplu, dared thu wrath of this powerful rupublio, a- fanaticism a* of men ai could these frahiura f OpjirosriveJy anxious ? w _ lc , ’ was tbo prospect of our on!urge* j j it will bo doubtfi Lcosb irg or Fu sun will press d<- iiitlu-r Ms Don • jeered, than the i.ecvksarily k-u. ii ! people, or rather . an*u they do n«»l j ’.ary must submit .M ii. li of tho that vortain lucuixi and rhnt many per* n* won the detents <>1 imriicnJat lo would not volunteer in the vice; and dial many porm- useful 011 special sui 1 ice, w .1 •ltih»i to bco'cil n-r to unkuo ud the t .-<f A-igust, I s ')I. ended, i belbr iliit fur ; ;t- cliaia' ior. lie <•*, ivho (<* county, 11 pal •••'•- when all, 1 tn-iicv • mid In* vllonld lie called on n'd not ' bo made for vnlunl tnd dis- I tee rod, un the draft-d the proclamation nnot m'fitKkc<>r forgot alluite • n proportion nd dn.iiffiiuio) u day *, of tliu militia age, i. and the offor should If they voluii- a very condition to hi* right to protec tion by tho government. ll« who will not defend, has no claim to Protection.— l'o require /1 citizen to defend his govern ment from hostile attack i* not to deprive him of his liberty, hut to require him to perform his oldigation, and to defend liberty aud all the rights of society. Hut it is tlljtpMiuly «uid, that governments derive their Just powers from the ronsenf of thu govorned, and, thereioro, thorn can be no powur where thero is no consent.— Wliak an argument for a atatesmanl — Governments do derive thoir just powers mont. from tha consent of the govorned, hut do j power dependent they rxerx'ite their derived powers only " ’ * by the uonsont of the governed 7 When you call a man from hit. homo and busi ness, and make him h juror to settle othor mon'N dbpulo.*, and tin* and imprison him if ho dues not oboy, do you ask him if ho consented to the law under which be U summoned and compelled lo attend?— When you requiro n citizen !*) work tho highway and public roHris, do you ask him if no consented to thu rood laws? Yol. military duty is far higher than these, for if the country is not defended, all other rights aro destroyed and all duties consequontly discharged. 'Thus, it is a well established principle, j which you will find in ovory standard author on government, ilia' tho obligation is on ovory man equally with his neigh bor to render military service. No man is oxompt oxcopt by law. Can u man be discharged from his obligation simply be cause lie is unwilling to porforui it ? Aro tho willing to hear all the burden of du- fonding the couutry V Cun no man be a soldier but a volunteer ? 1* want of will, or withholding of consout, to reliovefrom duty n When pie form a government they may say whether that government shall Ik* democratic, aristocratic or mon archical. They may any, ns their theory, that all powir 1# dorlveu IVom tho pooplo, | m m/, mu mw «»» naim mi uiu : nu» : a nv - - «, . or resides in tho crown. But when the j months mon. 1 toured they might be tho citizen over all waters and in all government i* formed, whan the powers j reached by dome untimely appeals nnd land*' 1 Who but tho Con federate Staten* conferred, it is tho duty ot those on- hurtful controversy. This would have Ami shall wo any they shall ontor this one feature. Congress wanted nn army J recognize us? By what name will ) to prosecute war—to conquer a i "BC(* and 1 t ailed ' Agency Created by (1 ro\ oca- win independence. ble power of attorney, which experiment I nil! not offend your intelligence by entered into to day and which caprice pursuing ho palpable an argument. 1 may local 1 to-morrow? Partnership? have thought this much Was duo from me A society of convenience, without rank becauso ofmy relation to tlii- loglBlation. ; or national dignity? A standard writer. I was never more troubled than when , ooncurrad in by all standard wrltors, tolls this necessity for conscription, in some . us, “tlmt the independent States untitled form, bccuino manifest. The country nt , to rank in tho great family of nations, uru tho time was filled with gloom. It was those powers to whom helongslho right, tho dark hour of the revolution. I had of embassy." The right tu recelvo and no doubt even in that dark hour t.liut to soud public initiator*. Will not this some oftho Statu nuthorittos would roslnt ho the great—thu peculiar— the appropri- the law aa then proposed. 1 said a* much , atu province of the Confederate State* ' in thu Senate, not uy w«y <>» approval, • AVho shall conclude our treaties of peace but in shame and sorrow. I feared the J and of coiutnorao; form alliances; ru- disntl'eotion thus began by politician* and • eeivo ministers of foreign nations; resent local authorities might extend to tho i insult* and demand reparation for inju- army. Thu law was nursh on tho t\yolve 1 rics? Who shall float t lie flag and protect. pRSiMMl 1 blt-s-ings , it do full ot hale amt 1 nmteritil,. How . a f , lh *1 otherwise than u.,.. tha fluid the rule h caption have steadily )•• <>gre»e**d. L have watched this nugh to sails, vnlun cite their gratitude porti- horde >.v dogreu flattering. Soon aft' ambling of tliat convi their h't'with'us. 11 ^ut thu I n»y nd tlie chief actor* und my children’s 1 tho public sorvice, 1 me the |»aoplo ba) °d I fv them -oven te In .iv.'ry rMim l ! pritlu. Whan this revolution began, ail .ve could expect.not l> ing from tli" r Wo had no mo v Wo bad neither matorials »•• build one, P»»r means •l damage 1 «*r» ic "! *!»• A which tbo l'residci; <•» uccopt thu M*rvi »u< h kind ami in such pr pociui ‘ this ut U10. fpi acticai truitod with thu powers to exercise them, wrecked us forever. The causo had al- great family with lei* rank, Joss dignity, and it i* tho duty, tho virtue and tho pa- ready a - much na it could hear in tho com- nnd lo-* power tor •tunce?* than other na triotiam of tha cfth.on tooboy. A oitiHuu mon enviuy, and t.h« struggle was loarful. tlon-‘* Lvsuhnn England, or Franco, 01 is under as much obligation to defend |* j Wbalever might ho my opinion of the »{iiH-i:\; yea. less than Turkey, Brazil or 1! nut tlmy wore to be* republic as a subject a crown, and tho ' patriotistn or wisdom of u controversy ul i Mexico? .<■ /, and this 1* the prst | ifruater, since tin* republic is formed by j that hour of durkuev and gloom, I did ] Away with this perpetual effort to bu icriptic duriug j Rls ooinent. Originally, when govern* j desire^ if pouibie, lonvoi'5 it; nn<l fu | Ujtle and paralyze our own government. room I W’o have lucHcrlbod its boun<laries, uc tiie j vend which it. cun not pass, and witbii 1 it; they reTu*eu to do -u. And wu full and j (* 0|| f„^ arnt 7, knew tlmt many hud cant that vote under , j. iv .1 .; ... il iU... .. . U-.l 1 * 1 U *I\ «rj an> V) SU iS| and itly, that tin* . purchasa Id'Jo ) i 1 .>. l «d into thu h' . v "for such • ■1 thu r Du vis would . •iu 1 11 in the (.'unfedurate States j mont declared wnr, tha very declaration j avoid it I wus willing tu loare no Tim system proposed by of war made every man a soldier. No j for the prejudices of tha reckless . ,— in ..11 • feature !» bimilav to j special act was required to make him a whims of the capricious. Feuding tho 1 those boundaries let us not quarrel ovor • ui net), iui th. sc a.-u giro ! soldier. The act. of war ipsa facta made subject, therefore, l preferred another forms uov quibble about tern.s, but render 1 opportunity t. avoid non- him a soldier. None hut women, ehll- proposition, or bill, a milder form ot : thet coufldeooe and co-opcratlon so v.’.i,interring. Hut in >11 1 drun nnd invalids are natural exompti.— conscription, which I thought might i*.<.imtUl to offl,qiuticy. Let ench govern- 1 th„ , Mi-crlptir.ii act* are But ull worn not neoded for the army. 1 accomplish tho good and avonlt.be con ment—State and Confederate—move in (.rdwnuo 1 and besides, it wa« important tliat flomo { trovorsy. With (he lights now before j it.-, own apticro, neither interfering with. :n. Vtr. ' should produce provitionn. Now, who | me, 1 doubt whether thn milder term of- abusing, nor exciting Joalounioa against hng lo • aided \ tho stingitiK reflect ion that we had troa'ed them with due consideration. This WHS tho state of thing* now known to us all. and therefore I -puak of it free ly, Hut, foil. .1 -citizen*, the skies so.in began t<- change. Light minglod with the darker--. True, it wa-on the bosom cloud, and just before a deluge hour is In ighteni apology for d'* 1 ' l.rloty m grumbl Tin* -a - of a war cloud, and just before a .lull of blood, yet tno bow of hope w hs * and all was not davknois. | AVhat wrought this change and inspired , this hope'' Tito first cause will be found 1 |- )r in the prompt and wise measures of that ; n{ . ( u. tlx But whFe the whole j Statue, resting atiafled that we | service, tho mu could .lo but little on thu water, tbo navy tiurtly thu sen wa* Ht work, and al! at once the country t’nder Ibis net .• ‘ir -ngtr.' nu.. | , vnH wak.dui). Ly ihr xrar. l».*t • »«vh1 that the t'oufi on-t. • V'«a. m-t,iavemtnt in all history Like Miner- always wilting , : %tit:* u-,"r.* r * v «, full grown and full mncl at her all necessary tr I ft",*.'. | birth, tho iron-ciitd Virginia leaped to of each Slate cut. and no pro- pf*, ft nd in a day taught the world h lea- 1 such defense, Ison on naval warfare, the wonder of • States of all ne ;rr> -. .*■ tv t the hic-h mvthoiogc had never imagined J metis 01 pern-'**, nor of any one „ or centuries of kcIouco dtHc.ovciud. At 1 Again, on the k"j.l January. 1802, nn act I •'••i/'.i.l ot the ri^h l-. No govern-I once hundreds of koh monstors, long ter- ’ was pa*«ed aurhoi iziiig the Fresidont to J with ' ' by 11 more heroic r jb!n • *»i the water, were shown t. 1 be t accapt volunteers '‘singly, m well as in tin. • privato to the j worthiest*. Nnutlcnl science is conning | cornpanioa, squadrons, liattnlioue, or reg- t Fm* they nr.) above h,*- lU | es H new. «n 1 to ro-modol, ru-ar- . imontr " » ri "* hupa’a'lcl {range, and to build again condemned j Thu*. gentlemen mid t.dlow citizene, ... institutions. think of ordering a j shall say (bat this 1 t Wu x soldier j conscription for which I voted would ; the othur, for both are seeking the who ‘ lin'l mine tho army ? 1 even's, tho present proposition become people. Nothing was | You cannot louvo it to the iudividuels— I the law of my country, and I shall, as n Too tunny persons will not intornrci n, hia draft cln*- the consent.oi tlio govornod. Who nan i good citizen, support, it; and with equal the Court,itution according to its plain not worse, mnd j determine this but the government.—the j clieertulueas whether I voted for or Ungungo, aud clear intent arid meaning. . ,| H . loving by . it*, uti 1 .• • •• - i ■•ad the right of l power that, declares tha war'.* Thm has i against it. I will not countenunco that Adberuncu to some preconceived theory; A | »ora| ' #ufl'nigc slm- 1, , • ir-g i. ivfitMal rolunta- i uprung up the mn-u«»Uy for legblution to ’ tlcVly pat^iutUui, nor render dommeuda- l thn prqjudicuh of education ; tho biai ot nii the eipunse-i or ? rilv to rnh|...ud r-xecutivo cull an I declare who shall be a noldior, to flx u*. : lion to that higher law fanaticism which ' association ; thn doviro to aceompUsU) Iiuvi. th.. ,*rp;irat>' 1 <-curlon for t"..•. :.ir.. <>f the poraon ! emptlons, and ascertain the non-combat- cannot appport a« law, that which, n. n some given object; oven passion, im- incur i.iich unoi- — a din.:riiniimtiuir iniavru af persons, and ■ ants. For under the laws of nations thuno proposition of expediency, did not meet pulau, personal disappointment, ( - v ^ dopriving the persons | 1 BAABMMB 1 " rm • xr * nriu —“..i.* a—•*.»►*«*« • fm t- .. „ n _ .. l full demuiiMrativi* patriotism i war”v'u-*el8, engage.* the oitergn** of exury you will percuivu that t 'ongn-.- niton people. I doubt wlmthor either I nution which nspiros to dominion on the I every conceivablo modu «>t gutting vol u luruinuqn «»i ,,,w 1 tii«$ government or the army < *uld hare 1 , M9a Tho nucoaailiee which required the turn* Kven the humor* »f Mtatr Uonstttuuon was a vory powurLil agenoy ^ocn sustained winout thu voluntary «nd j .Ustnmtion *.r such vossels as lb. Vir- tho oaprfoua of individual* for good. -Many V‘ '' ur . ou J j most liberal contribution* ot the people. ; pjnj* thn Miasiaaippi wore groat mis- suited. Ifman wi-hnd to •artoua auprehnn.-tons that tli puri - 0 r , Jt not possible tor any g-.votnment, fortunes to us; but the misfortunoK tvero through tho Mates, there volution wa* n..t ..mt , l> lo gut rid oshortatim.*, tu have provided for J Km »* j„ pr * c i«a proportion a* the* works ’ '"i, ' , . "rlcv-i .0 l»r*<-.... arm, It r, V ,ii.,l .ho »l j ^ pow-rful. Other* looked for au I y , '*‘ rv, ‘ lloUt ? otiergy^to_ tbc m '_'coar,\ jf t >„. Virginia and tbc Missisiippi had a limited monarchy tlutton of thn union wi . a more radicHl dom>K.racy t rid 1 should not have London, nxetur llall, and Hostoii Pande monium bad horrid images of a hIkvc- wvv trade oligarchy flouting before them, and f ^ j’ jn j certainly destined to shock tho ionsiVuli- * 1( , lll( tins of mankind. f 1 (< j ,, ... , AU those were disappointed. I'lte* •' - vontioft. With a promptness aud unantmi- ^ ^h'L < - h ty never mrp» . r.d, »KrcoiI Up>’n niyl >n .| , tor , adopted tho old Constitution '*-■ itL only . ^ ,, such changes, wcli iniorwoven. as time j ' ^• jlhuul ,, i6 and diacu«ai«*n bad shown to be nei-oaxary | {1 IIUS . and proper. Kven the cnndtd of »ur en- ( i mv „ M \ emtea were driven to admit that the »ew , &lon< , Rn , Mt n , Improvement. ^Tho | JH . ( .„,^ rily have ei i system, wtso policies vigorous und jodic large an army, it required marvellous energy to past the . .. n ... lawn, provide the appropriate tntans, and 1 no ^ h 8fcn constructed to organizu the volunteering multitudes l known how groat was their loan Tin and discipliftn them for the light. Every j w h<. produced thorn could not have be inaii.«very woman. iu;,l -v, rv in | j„n idlo. Il,- K r..t« f.,i ::.u, by the/tenesaitiiis uinteer • naTt j ' those who bavo d it, and tlmt erndition. !M m Constitution nd ensto !»r g ii*. lion ty prized ! n , ir aucces*. 1 *:i|.artinl hi onot'od. ■ justice fo thin dep irtment o. ■r.iuii' of our army anti : ms-nt. Cotemp .rm o u* his of our people we never impartial and ri oedud ; but with tbe-u I this retpect, we have not dm •y wore, failure would 1 ifosirnj, yet. all candid minds “"“tied. Laws, order. • we hare done far more skillful plans, and . j n the hueinning anticipated. • dmini*'rauon ■ The military appointuniiiu \\ it-hout • miniatrntion also, ut one tu . ... ,,c °d hut j uonto dissatisfaction. Let, aro 0 0( j j anarchy, wa-le and ruin. For tlie*u laws, j nn( j * » j ... The j orld admitted the slatOBinamdiip of tbo Convention, nnd our own puoplobegan to acquire confidence. So, also, tho great w '^ re iml'upcr.Miblu to Riiccee-i. tS'ithout body of tlio old law* were adopted, and . thMC) thc would In ivo produced hut topic foundthonnolvo- living under . anarc j, y< W as-te and ruin. For them laws, iot justify us in blaming ; service, <*r to bn on** *0 much to improve j licular Statu, or T.'.u iiiHgniludu of our j or form, or ftrc l.lv hv tlm splendor ol l If they wn*nod t y will do I imenU, «-r »•»«t. r govern- 1 cqmpnnic j f# never “ truthful V.’hliu, in u-hat all umnoby tender was the law. It direct 1 v, by olfor |.» the Frosidcnt, there wn* thu law. If cavalry, nrtillo- . ry. infantry, or mixture of nil, or even ni independent partisan ■, there was tho law. If limy wished to volunteer for three, rh, or t waive lnoiitb*, for thruo j ear*, for tin* war-, nr for any other time, them whh thu fow Jf they wished to enter the general ii-ted to (lufond a par ’d Id : I do I I . Miuisition* ■all, I repeat, thoriiy, I refer to u* to make a .marge against r, tint to chow Imw those r u l und bow littlo of the rii wn- manifested. Other int.'i mud, niter did Hit (he f tho Fresident. How maty , kno i suppose .1 oombuiant* era entitled to many I ibe approval of individual preference. like of thoso who, for tho time, administer privileges, even to noa-intorforence by j Failing in tha argument, the opponents tin* government; ambition, interest, or tboonumy with thoir portions and proper- , oftho law seek to provoke the joalousic*, 1 caprice, often shape thc judgment and ty. These principles aro ao familiar to and to alarm tbo fears of thu people. — j form the opinion of men. Every law studonti on government that I mn stnivc Why, say they, if thh power to raise ! which does not conform to thoir theories ud, that nny ono altould assert a theory ! nrtums by compulsion is conceded to the j, at. once declared an usurpation it ml direotly in the face of them. Confederate Government, that Govern- vold.amlt.heCoiiatilutlonitselfiauncon- Xo, my countrymen, it in every man’s moot oould destroy the people «ncl the tlitutiona} when it does not suit their duty, and tihouid be his pleasure to dofend i Htalos. Thus they pass away from the , views or promote thoir wishes. It is the government of his choico. No man t Constitution to tho motives of thoao who } according to tho philosophy oftho human hm a right to .ay, "You shall go. becauso I happen to administer it, to ascertain the ; miud that those who ure thus influenetd ..rgiM f i.lu, thur willing, and I will stay because , powers oftho Govornmont! Until the rarely seo the right, and a# rarely admit nVVhis r roquL 1 i am unwilling to go." Willing or un- advont. in political logic, of these new un error. Such minds aro always 01- PP And viiiild they have been wlan willing, tho duty is tho same, and the ; lights, whoso theory too ms to ho tbot treroe, sometime* fatta^ioal. Thero is no Uhvo suppi I another requisition government alono enn a.TStematiae and nothing wa? ever before understood, and ru Io of logic which they will not violate, 1,1 huh j,y v.luntoering ? They enforce the obligation. ! whose practice Booms to bo that nothing no perversion of fuel which they will not ,1-1 havu 1n0m.nl hm t wouid hav'o 1 But, it is objeetod, secondly, that theshall ever bu coniiuermi a- settled, it had ; commit, and no elevation of character uived universal uvecration and thos** ' males alono can exercise this power of. been conceded by reasonor* of hupposed which they will not uasait. They rarely ,, now uui.-lun n fur what' was done ! eompolling mililary am vico, and that tho ' ability, that to prove a power could bo ; yield an opinion, .yet arc never consistent. .,1,1 have ; •' on the lead in the exu- 1 exercise by tlm Confederate Government . abused wa* no argument to show the They admit no wiadom in precedent, no ' 1 iu 1. viivlnilnM uf the riirhfo nf th* Rt«iu« ! power did not exist. Existence itf*ot; 1 r..ani!ct for authority, and nathimr bind- may be abused, and ■" ' ^re in charged that Con- , Thorn in certainly n plain and easy 1 witni-of foreeight in thod of Mottling this question, is i (ortwelvo monthn, I powur (lologatod or reiei ved ? If dulegS' nil Hi.foru with i.*::!., law prut- M'-ly fining t to Hi thu cu«'* Com how, i* muttur* not fr not. with whom, it m long—cop«» uou.u 1 f the ad- nn' 1 f| « f**i than any. id hH' A g iiu. i> ha? ht gre-M showd a grn ruc-uivingao ninny 1 | iiiul ti'fit fr"M tbo buginning they ought ] it iuibmgs to the Confederal0 Gov- to nave rou. irud v-dunteurs only for the eminent; if veserved, it bolong? to the ’ wnr, mimI tin* w.*uid have .ave.l the iron- status. Tho Constitution—the grant—is | ^,,"1, h!u about (!.*• (h-.'vu month# rogiment* the only tort. That moat explicitly Hy roforunc- to tin m-t# 01 Congress j ,.fo r oa tliat Congress shall have power . 1 liovo unumcrn'.od them. yi>u will aee dooltre war," Hnd ‘ito raise ana support tliMt tin* two noth under which twolve armies." Here end? tha argument, out, months troops were accepted wore passed, - .utrange to say, not the controvert^'. Men .no on tlm ‘J8i.li of February, and the 1 who claim to favor atrict const ruction, to • u.h«.r ..n tlm *»th of March, 1861. The '• uppo-.* interpolation, now^begin liable to bn abused. of masoning you 4 m thangod i In th.- election of Kxt al?.*, tbo Convention nt wisdom and aliburul »pi i! men of ripe ability wnr.- the latest division* fpar selves ropruionted in tho er* having no superior* i None felt pr scribed, an convinced of tho wisdom neparation, nil Executive dd|)artinontsjof the r cith. urj, both nd thom- s of load- • ranks.— the pro or the , ...... Hills, and rneny '• these cotnplainfo ;l ate fc ont help* in " but education in .d tha nd th* Na’t pie eel tho | .r-pro*slng calls of tho ; 0 f The'r the p< 1 taking , Will any com toll me whet < ! ceplaneu Oon; : encourage nt ft ; I'udur lltttei nply Huth- t'bv mg upon struct individual opinio . . eisoly this spirit which, in the old Union, <»uld Boon prove Hat inaugurated thu crusado against thu emigres'* hud no power whatever, forfo*joutu. Tito laws of Oucgress, though uS? 'n!T Coiirtiftitien -thn nrani—i tt I ^hat powex in tho whole enumoratod t based upon n plain grant iu the Constitu- months retri in cuts rtinnnlvtr* t That moat ecnlioitlv i cutalogue might not be abused to ilia in- * tion, were nullified bv tho .State Legjsla- murut.M rugmtentt. theonI> fort, that woft.expHoitly do- }j ur , if no t the destruction of the people , iUTW , rt0 t mode by Circuit Judges and and ftUtts? Congress would have at. mado odious by f ho ofiicia! burangucs of jKiwer to "provide and maintain a navy;" State Governor#. Tim decision* of tko for they might blockads and destroy ul! highest Courts In the land flxod no obli- tho porta of the States. Congress would j gatiou upon individual opinion to con- ’ 10 power to "regulaU r.ommorce;” 1 form, eettled no dispute*, and judge*, au might destroy all the commerce distinguished for learning, patriotism. State?. And it would narer do to | H nd every virtue, ware openly assailed aft -.a by outside influence*! Head >r'**( th<* troops to be | stnio and to interpolate. They «ay the F ■ dent which had { Constitution tneatis that Cc Congress t*litll have no po* for the/ of the f fto M.Vv«V,u”wnr "i., rHisftnrmIa." h'v rniuntaru permit the Confederate States to build governed by outside influence* li- ! Ustrnent. Uy what authority of faotor a , ndV TS U J* ' ‘ h0 , r * cord ?.^ N .? rthor " 0‘naticism and i*ud appoint fo, and in a great majority of 1 hundred regimen'.*; v.u uases re* l.nvo vindicated the v, isdout howovor, filled to tho me gate *< < to ho recei- | snlistrncnt. Uy what authority of factor uni itinunt— logic aro the»e words, added? Again, w» before the mon who love controversy, say the CJon- •» j fttitution means that Congress shall Lava 1- 1 power "to raiso armle*" by culls 00 the “■ ‘ **“ ■'* “tborH—-'* r ~ snd toe want I States. Hy what authority are these the CengroMH j words added? Thoso broad and destrur- I tire interpolations upon the Constitution :td necessity of <i that ttie* de struction of constitutional liberty was no part of the. design of that Convention, .. failed law and all 1.roper means to uioet tho j ,.*j M r „. i, 0 vo vindicated lit#-'wisdom I howovor, filled to tlio maximum n growing hi... ... . contest. The -rnly serious charges of For . eral monlha thore was a zealous . nnd extraordinary inoaps. It is a glor . . ... want of //’•night and prompt noth •>f ultrnor for an in* mion <>f iho S<< ill..- i oua frihute to the patriotism of our people . when moat of our atatesmen, and eepeoi- of Confederation, th© Oanoral Govern- Motion which havu been m.-do against the j Thu «ri linifttration wa* mnsurud, in j that wo raised mo many nnd so speedily | ullr those who charge the Coagross with niont was dopendenton tho will of the t'ongroi *, I will prun ritly *h’ w wurv ' fc0l ,i a q irtor* aoriminiouslyconsured, for ' hv voluntary enlistment. It was certain- ! a wi»nt of foresight, were telling us there fltntoa for troop*, and tho system worked ntadu without a knowbulgu <»t tho facts, not, at ..rjee, ists ading tho unamy’s ten i-1 *y aaffleiant f»r any other war of modern j would be iiu war. They ahusa tho Con- ! badly, ‘ ’ d by the answer to th**s*i charges 1 hope tor>. Wonderful campaign), woreplannu*!; I tlm**, if not forgny age of the world.— j gronn “ safe, oneurvattve kinds. Hut much a- wu owe moderation of our " owo much more t«* the coin and his adviser*. w« never cou Id have to tho wisdom a n folly of Mr. Lin Left to ..ursulre •mplishod il „ vill bujudgf d srmieM snquished. Status humbled, cities Hut our enemy In tfpi.blit* the do-affected and the • .Bwiroy i nnd thc enemy forced t<» sua 1 A rnillion, full ol dissatisfied gunornHy level ttiuir shafts . for pone », by generals who runmfnud at • n.Ving to arms to < againe* him who m iy h r tho time bo the'• hon.e. tnd l*.v Statesmen _ who wrote [ ranks hugan to grow thin, oniaf Kxoautivu. DtlTurncl oonclusions, : which are always formed when frae dis unions arc* univorf-nl; . „ )1 • ... u i*h, thought little, and know lens. — j regiments Up.n t his subject, I con ft*.* tu you I and about halfoflhem we so soon witi uiHod To which must , ■■■ |, r«ti'>n of (ho..» who f.>4 */*#*■# : , ! ? tne rafused to jo i«ie# and heart burnings • li.i’i..|i* had fostered. ■ t uui.r i for -eparittio the affect! forover ft always lo when many aspir.- must bu ull.ee*. • tutilt-flmluig in In addition to iiiruparable fr< Ihera •<iy war :n.ci we ought )>* v “ fwhgtnot llmltml, was before them. Eve- :.ert trtiojM HeooFdlngly. Nerwik-lw, j ry powm . rioleg.-uoi wn. oonridored tep«. I rnlcly, and the necessary limitations ware havu dune well and all ought to ba 1 break ournooin.loo.forra of d.Vohlo gororn-, for/ ' ,,‘L , Li 4hfoh mont*. In the nature of things the State . we hn\ e ev«r been and will evjpr bo invtn- mntaud "iin wmcn wnrf , rnmnnu wij j bojualou*. This jeal- , ciblo. Rswun' event* have satiftfied all i leg't’miito. In the old union ; of tbfo (ruth, and on this subject there is .. , ' n— „ 1 I there was many occasions when the Sou- • no lor. w any danger of division* among I as a. j-£ '-i 1 “*" cri»i», and bad adopted toward* the ae- ceded States a pacific, instead of * bel ligerent policy; had tbown a purpose to administer thu government according t growing stronger, during the war, when thero was no war, determined to get rid of it, Nnd did got rid go and tiHto, w>.ru ! and they wuro tolling uh thera would ho j of it in thu most clear, intelligent und lava ijm. Our own | no war' Yet, ridiculous as it Is, this it emphatic manner. Skoluton j about tho fairest charge made against the Whon t b 0 Convantion wero engaged in direction, government. Am 1 think we ought to I f ram in K tho CohstituUoQ, tho v 0r y riuoa- .. . . . on to dis- havo known that thero would bo x war— (ion of what powers sbduldbft limited und grim a, | oncofcit much anxiety. The appeal was | band reason ef tho expiration of thoir ‘ #'! ‘Miinot be i platuile to (he passitni and vengennee of term of service. ..... wtuen will our y >pU, who had ho much cau*e for I Something must, tberoforo. ba done to i few ran h' 1 paeaioij and revenge. All tho impulsa* of f frt*® new lifeito these modes of securing | satiftflcl. ... , ! afoo considered, nnd tho intention lothrir usUal • rusentu eat wore aroused, and prudonce ! volunteers wljich I have r ‘ - ■ ( mi fed- and w ■" counsel wore in danger of being retain thosii already in ? -.•uri.c- of. ..vuru • Mimed. By inva-ion. under the ! ~»rly .ibe Congresh entered ill free gov- dUed . >ntag«e wiiicii »urri*undod u*. w« j T*'tbia end her.* growing out ot I #houb hnra been ruined spuudily and | *, ^* an On our own soil and in du/ennc, , Bounty i fifty doll. ♦.loti of onr cities, and man them with ' imd the verification of til theso atato- (’onfedoraie troops, for they might turn | month. Thun turn your eyes to tho field* the guns on the cities and destroy them! i of blood, and wail and ruin all over the The truth la, my friends, when men or Continent, und you will see tho only ruiora wish to deatroy, they do not wait, i Iogitimatu ros.ulU of such an in^stiata for authority to do so. Tho host evidence j spirit of disco rd. It i> not tbo subject of a willingness to assault right and lib- tlmt this spirit may agitato which works «rty is the oxorciso of powers not granted, the mischief; it in trie spirit itself, whici or of functions notconrarrod. Revolutions will always find a subject end make an noithcr make nor juaty tyrants, but. they j occasion. do develops thorn. Fince no power in [ Why. gentlotnon, If the people were to the hands of those who botray a love for | fioloct. h thousand limes they could not tiieuxerciseof nowar—who plead necessity I find porsons into whoso hands they could n.* tho o.rouso for usurpation, and ruvolu- ! moru *at'oly entrust Lho rights and honor „ .. tifli* of rovoluuon, Fresident, front hi» »yo lit* oboyod tho laws; and tho highest j distinguished for*lm devotion to tho claim which Mr. Davis present* for your I Statu*. If you enter the Sonnlc chamber confidence is, that with examples to tho j you find there tho woli-balancod C'lay ot' contrary nil around him, he has, thus far, i Alabama; hi* colleague, tha eloquent strictly refused t<» oxorciso atiy power not j Yancey; that able, <*xporiuncod and ro- exprcMsly authorised by law. It i# a fact I uownud statesman, Mr. Hunter of Vir- well attested by ail history, that they | ginin; Mr. Darnwe 11, of South Carolina, find most fault with power in others, who, than whom no baiter loan nor purer themselves, exercise ungranfr.d power- Mtatosman ever blessed his country or most freely. This is the sure, unerring h domed a Senate; and many more well nt r-mark of that ambition which made | deserving of mention ; all of whom have Ciosar and Ominwelland Bonaparte tram- « V er been Chnntpiona of tho rights oftho pie Ttpoo tbo liberty they swore to defend, Sutos, and all of whom voted for and i grasp empire. > i advocated the Conscription Laws. Yet, popular to thn i now remember but one more issue i tho 11 tH di» v «f Ducftmb'w, wo* pu*nu(i ka.tun a^ the id Furlough act. Hy tlii* nut s was paid to ovory privato and Thus every plan for authoriaing vol- 1 un*'.urn had been tried; every inducement j had been offurud which the government j able to offer; every appeal had been made, and fttill our rngimenU win but . rkelctons. Still, half tko*# regiment* is out. which it wn* proper insert: Huncu ulgltt <.f the oighteeo am loftlrioteu and qualiflod in the 'ru. power* very term* of the grant. Tho power mPJPV—M raise ami support armies is limitod as to „oiik. . till, half tko*e regiments i t j, e latter branch—support. ' Soappro- v;«nL * U r!«ol h0 «n^ T n««*u^ D «n* ! prl^tiou of money for that purpose shall ****** *,.. 1 ^ f 0r ^longer period than two voar# — So api uuR-eommissioned officer in the service, { and Kishinr Creek, and Donelson and j fo^alonffar^Hriod tilnn ^wo^voa who would remain in aurvico for three ! Naahvillo, had covered the land like so N 0 w the rmwor to rabie ariufe* is the years from tho original enlist mont, or for j many thick pall* of darkness. Ot» every ’ • ’ 1 the war; and to every man who | ~ jluntoer or enlist the ju-t and uquit! ruio of the C<m»i itution, instead of ih- hatud dogmas of a mad suc- tional party, tbo border State* would nut bar.* left the Tniori, and il is doubtful whether thc cotton States would havu ru- rn ttined out of the Union. But madness and folly ruled oar enemies, and success and power were the result* to State complaints buvnni" y/|Fu.». tv> w«.>. • U uw .omyuWi uff..nnuiunii---/| . Southern mind. It ij> no! rtraDge, therj- ! upon which an.atfompt was made to sxcite ; years or ror rue war. for#, that ti;.- ftarnoht nnd tho ambitious I nn opposition to the adminfotraliun of the 1 mouths soldier rc-eminting waft to havo -indeed all the cla»#o" Lr.t mentioned—’ govurrnnen'. Thu oceo-ion t-.r thi* nt- ; forlough for .-txty days, with transports- - - , should H*ek to inv.Ao tbu force of this j tempt it. found in thu acu of <>n«reas | K» A b l. c „ k r ' .‘ Su . ch n °t : capital, “ n _<|. H ostro.r.n_gour people. - - and even those who had boot) Won the conscript law intended Ut dc.-*- ; the men of yesterday tell us that these troy the States? Did itdtatroy tho States?; mow m o usurping powor which may On the contrary, history will record tho cruBb tbo Statos l Hus absurdity uo limit fact, that it saved tho Statet. and saved —uflVuntery nn blush? Hus statesman- Yea. it drove back the , s hip no nvocutiuu but f.tult-flndiug; pa- or , many thick pall* of darkness. Oti every ml j or proposition, and oithor of the liml- w./uld j atdo tho enemy was gathering, boasting, tattons now proposed to bo inserted, is the’country Yea. it drove back tbo . shin no ave i tha sorvice for three pressing, robbing and destroying. A | greater than th« limitation upon the power ! . oro j.. n j nv adar and secure# to its do- triotism no A'*-, mk twelvo | rngblT .r»>, -blob no «,A Molfnori. | J, , upporl . Dirt (I.. clum.j- fr.m.r. in- : JE,hoof .tttiiw hl«ln . '“‘“s.r**.*?!•.*«»! bo :(w|id »]i'"f!.'ihZgh , tof‘ ! .Mk n in“o«; i ' |U,,l “ ca "" n , " d Utvtmi ' «•• <••«.»>-.'>•'»*'«»•> “•“'«**»• - «"» But It is ngnil! s.iil tlmt this p und hut powor; ambition i ...Hm in blood, aud tlm country peace, to dofam'e the law as an usurpation, no destiny but dissention and endlees stifc I ‘“bHIuT,‘.«.i,. „m a* t» j ftJkaSSaSIt Max c.mi.rtor.to jhw.0- ! inn III Ilioir li.b.M. (*nri in ..1 known m tlm Conscruit l.tiw., Tb. dis- -•*'• ’•? D ,J nonm vrnrn to Im.o the coin- , hungry li ousts rievnur too gr.il Dimes . , ftrlu [ e ," j, li rtl ,Locl hv the nowor lo • i; as slaves' tors merit nut your ru nlidencu, will not clani'irs a.-ai.m ibe ' v.iiferten' f aflootion b.« proeon t • bn limit, ii In eg- 'I^o'tad hLai. 'n i h’aa^eruaMn^fkatamt'lMn^to^aur ' cn " 0,11 **•« ™UIUa. With all duo ilotur- I Nor will I omltthii oucaalno lo outer , tb„ JSci.iou of your highest Htato Court Government an , the C.n red rate Kieru- lent, nnd must soon pass a wav and, ike I money andleren thoir'-holmd bow. n , beart-er ..dim* ho ‘ r*« A 0 J ; .nee, I must say Ibis Mnfounding the nsy protest against that folly, now .0 1 -a Court composed of judge, than who.., five,in .,-a-i<n and ..uinf.es n, tn cry, . the other attempt, to whirh t have allu- ! "[o'? ,*£** An ti.. lo b • e.Sem. warn y bM Aaiatnn. h.ifnf nnn.f with tbo militia, ii triUlnK wiA tho common, of ullempting to ateite jeal- aro more eminent as juriita nor "Slate Right. NV f i ded, will bo remembered only to be ra- *j h “ ’"/’Z'"““V®/VjS,* 1 VI'a,Vi..« n.ul ! tlml^wouMhomi- ildwi,.• guaatllB. ThcmililU is a posca ...nab. ousies. eoutrOTorlic. and ooutiel. between om ro Worthy as meai-appeasu your ... will givey,.u trank.y my ", mb n ot our . ireltod.. The r.l.liou which I .Uarto , '; f aSThSlV«i IhUsI! rmarv nfw.i ' nominTto tak^thaTrolaMi Thn ^mpM IHhment-egwU always fn all tboStatoa. tbc States and thoir owu common gov- wrath and convince your judgments? Is 5TjrstMi"ut T Mr. Da,,. ,in tb..idj»d.»mwM^|'g?«J!SK"n.ttS'',»;>)«.-. >•«* not|««»..«,.T", n, ! ilu "';^; ri^Vo? p l ,"''l t , i . n ia7"r'?„ r rthr« P «^ ‘ih'iS'te I ^C“*3SuU «a. iran'ied lb. HtlZ !fcwpJSii ttoShloMtoS'.VusSSk ' and .".Kin*thn^p«|d"' <5n uon.l. . Lir t l« ^rtJ .erv,?e h.'v, l , e„ re 1 watchYn thlt dark and stormy Lu ^ * lar ** 'rootinr cgtv.sad to sudden wa.a Korernmonl foreign lo tbo Staler, , right but those who condemn tho law ? view, upon l.l— glMWn. Hue. , dhitarSJ.’ 1' .. „‘L. un IT. L. i V hostile ind an tribes. Uis- | and the uecessary and unyielding enemy ' (Jau uotm ho trustworthy but tho.so who Before entering upon (he argument, j ducM by ttwm ana ttlacdargea. 1 h're waa no ramedy left butto kaep tory had also th.twn that Republic* were , of the State?. Too paoplo are evOrtantly • purxUt in dUcord? Hji* it cotna to tbia, de*ir« tn rchoar-n some fact? which will t put it was said many would not join oil tbc fa/Bntetita and ergantxauon* w« tu bjoct to insuncctiotiA aiiUrresiitaoco t* warned net to (ru*t, not to help, not to ! tlmt »-tnfo#iiiaii D bip cun actilo no principle; t effectually ©xpoMjthe fallacy of so. ne i Hi/, uig organisation;, who would, iron- , liaa, ana to fill them up, by a eyatem of ( t he process of law. fh* desire was to I ausUin, but to distrust and to resiat tbeir character uxcito uo confidence; and the • •■ • ■ 1 * v - 1 A ; compuUory enlistment, and that remedy i j, r0 »ide a power ample to protect thi. own government#* some insidious mon- courts end no controversy ? Does free- tr» ho eff-iotivu must be speedy ana tbor- • Jnrge frontier front Indian incursions, t» j ster always stretching for power to dostroy dcut of speech consist tu assailing tbo grud.- in relation to tne mcesimes wmen ^ "T m’ 1 r .cr . j ou * h ; , j preserve iutarnalpeace sod seearfty, and [ the 8tatet<. .Vow. my friendly who are i constituted authorities of tha land, and givey"" I MrtbB““.ir.d‘VoM.y«" I’.Viun'ho.'iid 1 .Iw.y.tbm ty-flvalh'ciaand men to coerCc sovereign 1 * n 'l Wlt ’ 1 PtttM to , scction.l rule, .ud . pmties. I niwm* by this g.ant effort of itnbeciliw, Virginia f ? v 9 r —glotiouxoid Virginia our arms wide open to reev-ve nor.— Doubts were alt rumored, a«aknos> was all gone—wo wore confldont, strong ami unitud ; Virginia was with us. Soon the great States of North Carolina, Tennessee and Arkansas followed, and for the same reoions. At onc.j we had a lorrit >ry not surpassed by any nation—large, compact and fertile. Our whit* population gle old political friend of State, has received a civil his hand?, I am to thi* ho Thoso things are not «•# i favorable judgment ; h i tense of seif ru. ;bt different- ut political ; r.ar ur«©d in his I Ult< illy my first ■ vim rh poftitlor. 'no.’ Sn this I I cgl.-uig i>rg»nitsticn?, who would, if, • n mission at j c harge» which have been tnadf; and often 1 couraged, vol an tour m new one*, analhi Put iw.ro of 1 ,,,prated against the Prosidenl «nd Cuu- i tn opportunity ouh« to be chn.,.i : grin, in relation to tho m cc.iitles which ! «r to chooso oglcer., &c. wtod to win j produced the resort to conscription to ho, on tho 22d day of January, 180! I oxperienco | rouintairi out armiw. r - ngreaa passed an aot authorizing the 1 realize a* It has been wtid that there wa.** no ot- Fieatdent “to appoint nnd uomn»niton * protect this J own governments# some insidio tier from Indian Incursions, to ster always stretching for power to desti utarnal peace and security, ami the State*. Now, my friends, who __ _ . Hut it in said this legislation is uncan-jtodo all this without a large stunding i they that administer the Confederate freedom of opinion confer tho right to e | stitutional—that Congress had no power army. ThU was thc very purpose oftho j States ! A rot boy not oitlscut of th* States, disregard adjudicated law? Bowaro, my n ; to raine an army by compulsiott. Woll, ! militia. It wa* not to prosecute war, but ’ deUrgato* from tbo States? Aro nut thoir counlryineni lc’st with such wild, uttbri- o if this be true toon tbe govornment was ( to proftorvothe peace—to be used iu bud- Interestviall iu the Sutos? Have I lost my rlloH thoorios, yon mistake \icontiousness tnlions or ( a failure. We had no government—no . don cmergcncio*—Mitd to tbia end it was , affection for my State because you have j„ r freedom, and enthrone bloody anar- Judgeiho koop’upt-ho army ; that calls on the State* ftompat.ios, and all persons thu? onlistod j Confederate Government. And what a , organized to ho kept a)wayu trained, al- . honored me as her delegate in that gov- c hy in tho eoatol’luw-restraining liberty. for iocrea-i n # them wore added hi u’rcat V’reddunt by the merit t bis ability and would Imre secured all the troops needed hy them were to have, in addition to j spectacle would wo thus have presented j ways officered, in every locality. And a» ernmont which was created by the rttatc* CnsuUta have written, and cabinets have nuantiites and thottgh terrible war was lho patriotic motives, and iv tho principlef j and that, if at the time these laws wero bounty, “pay, transportation and aubais- to tho nations of tho earth. Wo were 1 tbo intlitia embraced tbu great body Oftho 1 and whoso bus in o*j i< to protect the , dcbaiod, to uacertain thu best form or K*n. V hv which all thi* sncee** was ft< - hi- administration, h . u s judging him. adopt<«l the mcosslty did not oxi.t, that tence from th© date of the organization of ; asking them to recognize us a nation—to poopio waoeo business was nut war, but | Hutus ? In not my family, my property, government and the truu philosophy or • ’ clarMo you that •' I had now to | p..\'<j*-ir v w u » brought about by tbu nog- lho (?oynpany.‘ ' reeuivw us into their family as a#* fode- agriculture, eoiuiocrcu. andall tbo Indus- : u»y hoipe, my every Interest aud » , l v « r .V governing. Every form has bad Its adro* l do the foci that 1 am capable of lifting I carton fm tho paanga of those laws . that oersons sh field officer* or Captain? 1 resource* quad- ! myself above all tbesepetty, but toe often the spirit of volunteering was untplo to ■ raise regiment?, squadrons, ba'tn ►r with facilities popular considerations * .J ran Judge tho j keep up tho army; that calls on the State* ftompat.ios, and all persons thu? quired, y v t with the war canto to us the I declarodo power ti# meet it. brought about by tbu nog- lho Company.' . — „ ant *r tvreilgbt itt tbe Fro-1 Again, a geaorai authority to ergauue^ peadeat iueusber. zo eatlue M to bo se - agriculture, romtuurru, and all tbo iudus- ! uiy home, my every inturent utnl every governing. Every form has bad i • ^trial pursuits, aud ou^bt, not, therefore, • hope still iu suy 9U(f .' rfhy have i 9ft ivh