Newspaper Page Text
THE MACON DAILY TELEGRAPH.
BY CLISBY & REID.
MACON, GEORGIA, SUNDAY MORNING. MARCH 21, 1869.
No. 1661.
Grorgla Telegraph Building, Macon.
BATES or SDBSCBJmOS:
Dailt Tn.tr,urn—for one yew
Djm.TTet.Kr. rath—for iix months 5 00
Wormarttr period* OaeDoliarpcr taoDifc.
i Sexi-Wri
OKOXGIA {
,, cY* ,:£L T , 7*l,g»s**u-reeo year.. 100
O.oioia htni-AV txtLT TtLiORAtH—>ix m'ths 2 (0
Mammoth Wnur Tn.iiinn-iiwyMr.«_ 3 00
Mammoth Wixxlv Txi.*o*Ara—vix month. 1 60
PttyalU alwapt in Advance, -fis
Book and Job Prlntlnjf
Nettij mum M miwrtli prtiM.
IdECTUKE upon coffee.
BT DB. jy. W. E11DIOXD.
Macox, Gjl, March 15, 1869.
Ur. Hammond—Deah Sm: A number of la
dies and gentlemen having expressed great
anxiety to read your Lecture on Coffee, deliv
ered at Concert Ball on Monday night, March
1st, in aid of the suffering poor of the city, and
believing its publication will be a matter of in
terest and profit to many, we respectfully re
quest a copy for publication in one, or all, of
our city papers. Very respectfully yours,
J. Br.AKKr.T Smith,
j ( ’ Secretary “Committee Special Belief.”
Macon, March 17, 1869.
Hn. J. Rlakdy Smith, Secretary 11 Committee of
Special Relief" : ,
Mx Brin Sib: Tour note of the 11th inst. is
before me. In compliance with the wishes of
my friends, please find enclosed a copy of the
“Lecture,” etc. Respectfully,
D. W. Hammond.
The stomach is the grand laboratory of the
human body—the great central reservoir for the
reception of the ingest* to sustain life—a healthy
state of which perpetuates our race from infancy
to the seventh septenniad, and in many in
stances, far ont into the ultra limits of human
existence.
Hence the importance of a healthy condition
of this organ. And I here lay down the propo
sition that no person with a habitually deranged
stomach ever Uvea to be old. Nothing, there
fore, should be eaten or drank calculated to in
jure ita tone.
“As a necessity of existence, food is only sec
ond in importance to atmospheric air. A few
momenta’ deprivation of one, or a few days’ of
the other, produces death. The tissues require
renovation and the heat of the body must be
maintained. For theso two objects food is
taken. These only are tbs physiological uses.
Another incentive to the ingestion of food, the
gratification of the sense of taste, is mainly the
result of civilization. When we eat to preserve
life, it rarely happens that disease is the conse
quence j bnt when the indolgenoe of the appe
tite is tawed on sensual gratification, disorder of
almost every function of the body may be pro
duced, and even structural alterations of organs
may in time result.”
It thus happens that, from yielding to temp
tation to eat more than the system requires to
maintain it in healthy action, or of those things
which experience has shown to be injurious,
man is more subject to disease through the in
fluence of food than from any other cause.
The essential qualities of food are, first, that
it shall contain those snbstanoes which are capa
ble of nourishing the tissues or of entering into
such combinations as will result in tbs produc
tion of heat; and second, that the nutritious
4 material shall bo in such a form as will admit of
ita being digested and assimilated by the organs
whose office it is to prepare the ingests for the
purposes of the organism.
There are many substances which are easily
digested but yet do not possess such a compo
sition as to rendor them useful to the system
either as histogenetio or heat-producing materi
als, and, on the other hand, others which, if we
regard them aiinply from the stand-point of
their composition would be pronounced as high
ly nutritious, or as excellent calorifatienta which
experiment has demonstrated are absolutely
useless as food, from the fact that they are in
capable of being acted npon by the digestial
juices. Under tho head of food are included
not only the substances which are eaten bnt also
those which are drank. Liquids are aa much
entitled to be considered food as are the various
solid substances to which the designation is or-
din«rily restricted.
All articles of diet, then, should be nutritious,
easily digested, and readily converted by the di
gestive process into healthy chime. From these
circumstanoes, I shall speak this evening of one
article of diet, (or boverago would be more ap
propriate,) which is not only used in all civil
ized countries throughout the globe, bnt most
of the barbarous tribes of the human race, viz:
Coffee. And I shall allude briefly to Tea, in a
few incidental remarks, mainly for tho purpose
of substantiating my views in regard to the ef
fect of Coffee upon the system. Before pro
ceeding to the discussion of the subject, a short
history of the Coffee Plant would not be inap
propriate. Coffee, as an article of diet, was
wholly unknown to the Greeks andBomans. Its
use appears to have originated in Ethiopia; and
in 1554, it is stated to have been first introduced
into Constantinople, from whence it was gradu
ally extended into the Western parts of Europe.
In 1652, it was taken to England by Daniel Ed
wards. Ur. Edwards was a merchant who tra
ded to Turkey, and in one of his voyages he
brought home with him a Greek servant whose
namewasPoequa. This humble individual taught
the English how to roast it, and the method of
converting it into a beverage. In Paris, Coffee
was nearly unknown until the arrival of the
Jfurkiah eabassadoro, Solomon Aga, in 1669 ;
about three years after which, the first coffee
house is said to have been established in that
city.
The coffee shrub was originally planted in
Jamaica, in the year 1782.
Great attention is paid to its culture in Ara
bia, but for the last quarter of the present cen
tury it has been reared in every quarter of the
globe where the climate is congenial to its pro
duction. The trees are raised from seeds sown
in nurseries, and afterwards planted ont in moist
and shady situations on sloping grounds, or at
the foot of mountains. It requires to be irri
gated in order to produce a good crop. Care is
therefore taken to condnet little rills of water
to the roots of the trees from time to time, espe
cially at particular seasons of the year. As
soon as the fruit is nearly ripe, the water is
turned off, lest the ground should be rendered
too succulent. I
When the fruit has attained its maturity,
cloths are placed under the trees, and upon these
the Coffee is shaken down. They afterwards
r ed the berries on mats and expose them to
sun to dry. The husk is then broken off by
large, heavy rollers of wood or iron. "When it
is thus cleared of its busk, it is again exposed
to the sun, and lnstly winnowed with a large fan.
A pound of Coffee is generally more than the
produce of one tree, but a tree of great vigor
\ will produce three or four pounds. The best
article is from Mocha, in the Bed Sea. The
Coffee next in esteem is grown in Java and the
East Indies, and that of the most inferior, and
« least in price, in the Weet Indies. I am in
formed that it is extensively cultivated in South
America, and of a vety superior quality, has
savory aroma, and is highly prized byEnglh
gastronomies.* The quantity of Coffee mini,
'ally supplied by Arabia is supposed to be up
wards of 25,000,000 pounds. And it is said, be
fore the commencement of the French revolu
tion the island of St. Domingo alone exported
•more than 70,000,000 pounds per annum. And
for the last five years, the quantity exported
from the South American States has been very
great and rapidly increasing yearly.
A botanical description of the coffee plant
might seem to have nothing to do with lts b®? •*
„ a beverage; but I shall show from its * * ^
The leaves are opposite upon short foot* t/.’-s.
«10 on 2 biOng ’, 0va f e ’ accumulate, entire, wavy, four or
~ hve inches long, zmoothe and shining, and of a
dark green color on their upper surface, paler
beneath, and accompanied with a pair of small
pointed stipules. The flowers are white, with
an odor not unlike that of the jassamine, and
stand in groups in the axils of the upper leaves.
The calix is very small; the corolla, salverform,
with a nearly cylindrical tube and a flat border
divided into five lanceolate pointed segments.
The stamens project above the tube. The fruit,
which is inferior, is a roundish berry, umbili-
cate at top; at first green, then red, and ulti
mately a dark purple color, and about as large
as a cherry, and contains two seeds surrounded
by a paper-like membrane and enclosed in a
yellowish pulpy matter, etc.
We will now speak of Coffee as a beverage.
Every article which is used as diet is more
These were all sold under attractive titles, sod
Nos. 9 and 13 were represented as pure Java,
which was undoubtedly true. The wheat was
probably spoiled biscuit and refuse bread,which
could be obtained for a trifle. In another M
or less nutritious according to its composition;
hence wo are indebted to the profound re
searches of the Chemist for the most important
information in regard to a large number of our
dietetics, and it is necessary for every article
of food to be first analyzed before we can deter-
mind whether it will be easy of digestion, and
when digested whether it will impart nourish
ment to the system; forItmay, with much pro
priety be observed, that On the quantity and
quality of the food, both health and life are de
pendent. To eluoidate the subject properly,
the differences between the organization of
vegetables and animals, must be wren into con
sideration.
Vegetables are more simple in composition than
animals; with the former solid particles pre
dominate, whilst fluids prevail in the latter.
In vegetables one simplo organic element seems
to exist, the cellular—in animals three at least
are distinguishable, the cellular, muscular,
and nervous tissues. And, finally, the chemical
composition in general is also difl erent. Oxygen,
Hydrogen and Carbon (and sometimes Nitrogen)
are the chemical elements of vegetables. In
animals, besides the above elements, a great
quantity of azote or nitrogen is found. Then
the gasseous elements of vegetables are oxygen,
hydrogen and carbon. Gasseous elements of
animals—oxygen, hydrogen and azote. The lat
ter element, azote, Is the base or principal cle
ment of the animal system. Hence every article
of food containing tins principle in proper com
bination is nourishing and snitable for healthy
assimilation. And it has been clearly shown by
the justly celebrated French Physiologist, M.
Magendie, that no animal is capable of deriving
nutriment from any material that does not con
tain some portion of azote. Azote or nitrogen
contains 4-5 of the volume of the air we breathe;
ently its importance to our existence is
most clearly proven. The manner Magendie
proved that azote was necessary to sustain life
was, by feeding animals upon substances that
contained no sensible portion of this principle,
as sugar, gum, olive oil, butter, etc. He found
by confining them exclusively to this diet, that
they gradually became atrophns and died. And
in every case thus treated, there was ulceration
of the black part of the eye. (Cornea.) This
is suggestive.»In ulceration of tins kind, existing
in anxomic and feeble persons, the treatment
required would seem to be to supply the system
with azote, by confining them to animal diet
and Coffee.
It will be found from the analysis of Coffee
that it oontains a large quantity of azote. Ac
cording to Pilletiae its constituents are in 100
]>arta, 46.61 parts carbon, 4.81 of hydrogen,
! !1.54 of azote, and 27.14 of oxygen. From this
analysis wo discover that Coffee contains more
azote than fibrin itself. Fibrin forms the chief
isrt of muscular flesh, which contains, accord-
ng to Gay Lussack, not quite twenty per cent
of nitrogen. Coffee then contains more of this
nutritious element than even flesh, and cteteris
paribus is mors nutritious and more easily di
gested. It is not only equal, in this respect to
the most highly animal ized products, but con
tains more azote than any other proximate vege
table principle known. From this fact we are
necessarily compelled to come to the conclusion,
“a priori,” that it is one of the moot healthy
and sustaining articles of diet in the vegetable
kingdom, notwithstanding the prevalent opinion
is against this conclusion.
Coffee, also, contains, from experiments of
iguin and other chemists, a small qnantity of
flatile oil, gum resin andextraetive matter hay
ing the characteristic taste of Coffee; lignin
saline substances and a peculiar chrystalizable
principle which has received the name of Caf.
fein, and which has been used extensively as a
medicine of late years.
There is another important fact in relation to
this extensively used beverage. Although it
contains a large quantity of azote in its compo
sition, caffein does not puirify even when ita
solution is kept for some time in a warm place.
Under such circumstances we are driven irresis
tibly to the truth, that Coffee is one of tho
healthiest articles of diet in the long catalogue
of vegetable dietetics, that is when properly
and temperately used. We often abuse a good
thing, but the intemperate use or abuse of any
thing is no argument that the particular thing
is destitute of any good qualities when prudent
ly and temperately employed. We might as
well argue that water ought not be drank be
cause a large draught taken into an over-heated
stomach sometimes produces spasms of that or
gan. We are commanded to “be temperate in
all things.” Habitualexoessin eating is no loss
detrimental to the constitution than an intern*
ierate use of spirituous liquors, and the num-
>er of victims to the former is not exceeded by
* class
andorder” that"it is tonic in its action upon the
system.
corns AKA.BICA
belongs to the class and order Pentandria Ylon-
oginia of the sexual system, and to the natural
order Cinconaciae of Lindley. It is a small tree,
rising from fifteen to twenty feet in height, and
in favorable situations sometimes even thirty
feet. The branches are opposite, the lower
spreading—tho npper somewhat declining, and
gradually diminishing in length as they asoend,
so as to form a pyramidal summit, which is cov-
* They, however, never make it strong en
The Coffee prepared by the French is far preferable
to that of tne English.
those of the lattorvioe. To reoeive fully the ex
ilerating and tonic effects of this pleasant bever
age, it must be properly prepared. It should
be roasted in a covered vessel over a moderate
fire and kept in constant motion until it acquires
a chesnut brown color. It should not be roasted
long before it is used, and should never be kept
in a ground state for any length of time, as it
loses much of its agreeable flavor and activity.
Coffee should be boiled for some time and in a
deep and narrow vessel, rather than a broad one,
to obviate as much as possible the influence of
tho air and the product. It. should never bo
made in an iron vessel. And as it is important
to keep it hot as long as possible after prepared
for use, polished metalio vessels are preferable
as they retain heat better from their inferior
radiating powers. Hie proper proportion for
forming the infusion or decoction is an ounce
a half of the ground coffee to a pint of wa
ter. Its virtues are never fully obtained with
out thorough ebulition, and during which the
vessel containing it must be closely covered to
prevent theeva£>ration of the volatile oil.
After it is sufficiently boiled, the heat must be
removed just below tho boiling point, and a lit
tle cold water added—ice water preferable, to
precipitate the grounds.
The coldwater being heavier than the hot Cof
fee, fells to the bottom of the coffee pot, and
carries down the dregs. ... ...
The ArflRfaTig apply a cold cloth around tne
vessel, as soon as removed from the fire, for
short time, which acts in the same way.
It should never be settled with isinglass or
the white of an egg, as jdlatine and albumen
precipitate the bitter principle of vegetable de-
coctions, thereby ridding them to some extent
of their tonic virtues. . .
I have just remarked that it should not be
roasted long before it is used, and never be kept
in a ground state Jfor any length of time. In
connection with this fact, I will state that the
various brands of Coffee found in the shops in
aground state, and generally impure and adul
terated; Professor Draper has recently shown
that out of thirteen specimens of Coffee for
s.ile bv New York houses, embracing the whole
range'of retail prices, that they were all spuri
ous with two exceptions.
They were as follows :
No. 1 was sold at 40 cents per pound, and
contained fifty per cent, of adulterations, con
sisting of chicory and wheat.
N. 2 at 30 cents, thirty per cent, of chicory,
and wheat.
No.-3 at 20 cents, fifty per cent of chicory,
wheat and beans.
No. 4 at IS cents, seventv-five per cent,
chicory, wheat and beans. ’ In the two latter
there was much less of the chicory than of the
wheat and beans.
No. 5 at 30 cents, fifty per cent, of chicory.
No. 6 at 40 cents, twenty-five chicory.
No. 7 at 3S cents, thirty-three chicory.
No. 8 at 40 cents, fifty chicory.
No. 9 at 50 cents, no adulteration.
No. 10 at 40 cents, all chicory.
No. 11 at 45 cents, twenty-five per cent.
No. 12 at 45 cents, no adulteration, but of an
inferior quality.
No. 13 at 50 cento, tto adulteration;, was a
good coffee .■ T■*
have noticed tins effect, and many have doubt
less availed themselves of the knowledge, by
taking an extra cup, when they had an amount
of mental labor to perform. It not only buoys
up the rnimf, but sustains the body. Who that
has been in the army, has not had occasion to
notice the excellent effects produced on soldiers
who, after long and fatiguing marches, perhaps
during rain and snow, reached camp well-nigh
exhausted, both in body and mind, and went
into their tents, or about the fatigue duties of
the camp, sullen and morose; but scarcely had
they taken their Coffee, than their' whole de
meanor was changed ?
Siugjng, laughing and Hvely conversation
took the place of their previous . moroseness,
and they went to bed happy and refreshed. Mc
Leod, in speaking of the British army in the
Crimea, says: I hare little doubt that if the
precaution had been token to supply the troops
every morning with hot Coffee as they went in
or returned from duty, which was a step strong
ly recommended as a propyklactic at Walcherin,
much of our mortality might harabeen avoided.
The Turks use this beverage in their armies as
a preservation against camp maladies, and the
French prefer ita use in their armies to tea or
ardent spirits. Almost any article of ration
could be better dispensed with than Coffee, and
men will be content for a long time with hard
bread and salt pork, if they can be supplied
with a sufficient quantity of this beverage. For
the want of this great magnum dei donum, hun
dreds, yea, thousands of our poor Confederate
soldiers perished and died upon the bloody bat-
tie field—dejected, comfortless, and yet,
to the brain and cerebral fane- I to their name) without remorse.
men, not named above, there were masses
presented the appearance of roasted liver, which
substance is said by Hassail to be extensively
used in London in the adulteration of Coffee. In
other specimens were substances with which
Professor Draper declared himself wholly unac
quainted. In addition to the articles of adulte
ration already named, Hassall mentions com,
potatoes, turnips and sawdust; but in this coun
try the favorite one seems to be chicory, bread
or biscuit crumbs, rye, and beans, and these al
most always of a poor quality, unsalable far oth
er purposes. These substances are generally
called innocuous, but the Professor proved con
clusively that in all eases we should not accept
such an opinion, since pure Coffee is sometimes
used as an antidote to poisoning by opium, bell
adonna, and other narcotics. H in such cases
the supposed antidote should fail, through these
adulterations, to produced the desired effect,
such manipulations become criminal, and shonld
punished."
emales and children should not drink more
than one cup at a meal, (which is about eight
ounces,) and males not exceeding two, (sixteen
ounces.)
The modus operandi of Coffee is chiefly di
rected to the nervous system, and when drunk
moderately warm produces a pleasant cordial
impression on the stomach, quickly followed by
a diffusible and agreeable nervous excitement,
which extends itself to the brain and cerebral func
tions, giving rise to increased vigor for imagi
nation and intellectual strength, without any
subsequent confusion or depression, such as
characterises the action of alooholie and narcotic
medicines. From these circumstances I opine
that it is more of a diffusible tonic than stimu
lant in its action npon the organism, which I
shall endeavor to show before I am done. It is
even capable of resisting to a certain extent the
intoxicating and soporific influence of aloohol
and opium. Audi have repeatedly employed
it advantageously for this purpose. It also
moderately elates the circulatory system and
stimulates the digestive apparatus. A cup of
od strong Coffee taken after a fall meal or
avy dinner, readily relieves the sense of op
pression so often experienced, and enables the
overloaded organ to perform its office with com-
1 >arative facility. Of late years in all of the
: irst-clasa hotels, yon are presented with a cup
of Coffee after dinner. E. E. Brown and B. W.
Collier, the great caterers respectively of the
Brown and Lanier Houses, never fail to offer
their numerous guests a cup of this delight
ful beverage after their sumptuous and expen
sive dinings. It is contended by some physicians
that Coffee of itself is not a healthy drink, bnt
is rendered somewhat so by the cream and
sugar drank with it. This is an erroneous idea;
sugar contains no azote, and, as before stated,
animals confined upon it aa food soon per
ish and die from inanition. Cream also is
innutritions used without anything else. It is
principally composed of butter. Butter contains
no nitrogen—consequently will not sustain life
but for a short white. I believe it is admitted
that those who drink coffee without sugar or
cream are more healthy, or less affected (inju
riously) by it, than those who use the compound
decoction. All the Mahometans drink coffee
three times a day—very hot—and without sugar
or cream. This nation of people are strong, the
muscular system well developed, and, in point
of longevity, will compare favorably with any
other npon the globe. This beverage is also
universally used by the Europeans and Anglo-
Americans, who are renowned the world over
for their great physical strength and gigantio in
tellects.
I will now make a few remarks in regard to
ten drinking. Tea oontains, according to the
analysis of Frank, in 100 parts, in round num
bers : 40 parts of tannin. 5 of gum; 6 parts
glutine; 50 lignin; and 2 parts of a peculiar
volatile oil and a crytalizable principle called
thein. Contrast this with the analysis of coffee,
and you will perceive a vast difference. Tea con
tains 40 per cent, of tannin, coffee only a trace of
it; coffee contains over 21 percent of azote, tea
none. The volatile oil found in tea is highly
stimulating to the nervous system. Tannin also,
is irritating and revolting to the stomach when
long continued, and produces constipation by
locking up the secretions of the abdominal vis
cera. Coffee, although stimulating, is not de
bilitating bnt tonio and bracing in its action.
I could, if necessary, here mention the names
of some of the most renowned worthies the world
over produced, all of whom lived and died in
those countries where coffee is need as a bever
age. Bat where tea is used to excess and is the
national drink—as it is in China—the inhabit
ants are feeble and diminutive in size and imbe
cile in intellect.
Although China is the most populous empire
on the earth, and has endured longer than any
other that has ever existed; she, notwithstand
ing, has never advanced but little in learning
and science; still adhoringto their primitive
and heathenish rites and oriental customs ; and
up to this day is as idolatrous and superstitions
as she was a century ago. Shall I mention the
great names who have figured in this mighty
empire? I know of none. I presume, how
ever, thst their Kings, as a general rule, are as
intelligent as their subjeeto. Suffer me to men
tion one, to show the mental caliber of this peo
ple. Chwang-tson was s soldier and an Em
peror for manv years. He was superstitious
and ignorant. It is said that he never slept in
a bed, bnt always on the ground; and had a bell
fastened to his neA—if he turned over in his
sleep the ringing of the bell would swaken him,
which he regarded as a signal to get up, and if
the ringing happened at the hour of midnight the
booby would rise and dress himself and sit up
the balance of the night—drinking tea perhaps.
The contrast is, the difference between Coffee
and Tea drinkers: the former are noted every
where for their strength, and everywhere con
nected with the mighty developments of the
R i, and everywhere worship the true God.—
e latter (the tea drinker'’' still grope in the
dust, are superstitious, iguo.-ut and pusillani
mous, and pour ont their adorations to imag
inary dieties—carved ont of wood, in many in
stances with a common pocket knife.
Now to close this division of the subject, I
ask what is the cause of the great dissimilarity
between the two peoples ? I will not assert that
the use of coffee on the one hand and tea on
other are the only causes of the dissimilarity
this, doubtless, would be regarded as utopian.
But I assert that wherever coffee is used, as a
daily beverage, the inhabitants are more robust
and more intellectual than those who use tea
exclusively. I do not wish to be misunderstood
here, for I believe it is generally conceded that
the physical developments, as well as the men
tal status of a nation, are the result of the com
bined influence of education, religion, climate,
soil and of government. These, no doubt,
have a powerful influence npon the mind, as
well as the body; but wherever yon find an en
lightened people, where the arts and sciences
Tsailmt
PL
Loot ti YourInterest!
Drugs and Medicines.
’ C A S ! i
DRUG STORE
It cannot be supposed that any article of diet
capable of acting so energetically upon the
nervous system, should be entirely destitute of
injurious qualities. Accordingly, if taken in very
large quantities, it leaves, after its first effects
have passed off, s nervous depression equiva
lent to the previous excitement, sad its habitual
immoderate use is well known very greatly to
injure the tone of the stomach. This result is
peculiarly apt to take place in individuals of nat
urally susceptible nervous temperaments, and
in those of sedentary habits. Persons of a full,
plethoric habit, predisposed to determinations
to the brain, should use it temperately. But if
the determination is from nervous congestion,
it is speedily dissipated by a strong, hot cup of
Coffee. It has been asserted thst it is injurious
to persons of s thin and dry habit of body. I
am, however, very much disposed to doubt the
correctness of this assertion.
As a medicine for the treatment of disease,
Coffee has been leu employed than might have
been expected from its modus operandi npon
the system. There can be no doubt of its high
remedial powers in neuropathicdseases. When
there is s tendency to stupor sad lethargy de
pendent upon deficient nerve force, it wul be
'otmd highly remediable by rousing np the oer-
ebral functions. Inneuralgiaandnervoushead-
ache it frequently acta like a charm. It baa ac
quired much reputation in cutting short the par
oxysms of spasmodic asthma; and is recom
mended by some of our best authors in hysteria
—when connected with the leocophlegmatic tem
perament. The Egyptians prescribed it in
caoexia, and no doubt with advantage, u it im
parts tone to the muscular fibres and enriches
the blood. Hayne tells us, that in a case of
violent spasmodic disease, complicated with gas-
trodiuia dyspnoea, palpitation, and a pulse so
much increased in frequency that it could not
be counted, immediate relief was obtained by
a strong cup of Coffee, and, too, after the most
powerful anti-spasmodios had failed to abate the
symptoms. It is also said to have been admin
istered with much advantage in chronic affections
of the alimentary canal. Dr. Grinds! of Bus-
si a, prescribed it in place of Peruvian bark in the
cure of intermittent fever, and with great suc
cess. And our eminent countryman, Dr. Chap
man, of Philadelphia, gave it for many years in
iphretio affections, etc.
In closing this essay, I insist npon it, that
Coffee, as used in this and other sections of the
world, instead of being injurious to the consti
tution, is one of tho most salubrious articles of
diet drank at our tables, and, as a medicine,
tiy superior to many officinal agents so
Jy praised in the Materia Medics.
D. W. H.
Fertilizer®.
BUY NO DOUBTFUL FERTILIZERS!
JONES, BAXTER & DAY,
.Cotton Areoue, IBacon, 6a..
ABB NOW RECEIVING
700 Bags No. 1 Peruvian Guano.
Direct from the Government Atent, every bee *ner-
antced genuine: 150Barrel* beet
Nova Scotia Land Plaster;
is BBLS. MARIETTA MILLS
POWDER OF RftWBONE.
The most honest one’ bert product of the kind
ever pet np Jn this country:
CHESAPEAKE GUANO,
J. H. ZEIL1N & CO,
Have for sals a lane Stock of
PAINTS, OILS, GLASS, PERFUMERY
FANCY GOODS.
Snuff, Garden Seed,
Medical liquors, Etc.
VERY LOWEST PRICES.
Wo buy exelraively for ex,b ahfi nil only tor tho
mSvr dJwn. and ean *iv. better prire* than any otb-
"• Kr-* ‘u »• Store. J u ZKILIN A 00.
LIVER RKGULVFOR !
for Drapopslo. Liver Di.oore,
dire, ml ^“V^to .ny ««»«-
ijilad at a vary haadsomo ducount
r! a. irxxxrr & co.
Railroads.
a&BAT CENTBAL IN&AH9
j MAIL AND PASSENGHIl ROUTE
: via
Colombia and Augusta Railroad,
COLUMBIA, *°
I- CHARLOTTE. „! ( ,
1 GREENSBORO’.
RICHMOND.
WASH I NOTON.
BALTIMORE,
PHILADELPHIA AND NEW YORK.
Rsleifb, Weldon. Petortburg. etc, or vis Weldon.
Portsmouth and Bay Line Steamer*.
Passengers thus havo choice of
THREE ROUTES TO NEW YORK!
of the Columbia and Augusta Railroad.
T1HB TABLE OOIKO SOUTH.
Mobile, ltt 1 o.... j|*
Savun
AOiatlwM.
oS”«iir.T:
Columbia...
HARRISON'S
PLANT FERTILIZER.
Z'rico Reduced from $65 to $50 per
on 2000 lbs., Cash.
A T THKeolkitations of many friends. 1 have HE-
DITCED the price of my “Plant Fertiliser for
this only* to §50 per ton. for tho purpose of in*
troincintit to the Planters of Georgia and Florida,
and most earnestly desire to hnve it practically tested
alongside «»f other «sil known Phosphates and Fertil
izers. I i'eel assured that a fair, impartial trial will
convince the most skcptienl nl its superior fertilizing
qualities in the first, aa well as securing crops, both as
tooctirity ond dorabilitj. r UAKRIg0 ^
Successor to Alex. Harrison,
wfill Commercest.. Phils..
■Proprietor and Manufacturer.
Orders respectfully solicited, and any information
rfy.0 br^drre., n , sL0ANi GROOVKE 4 co
Factor, mud CommiMion Merchant..
hayaansb. Ga.
Aeent. for the.ale of Harrt.on'. Plant Partiliier in
Florida Southern and Middls Geornia.:
JWPriee. deliyeradln Anyuta. Us. 445 per ton."**
H. C. BRYSON.
Factor and Comtauatoo Me-ebant.
Annuls, Ga.
A rent for the rale of Uarruon’i Plant Fertilizer in
Northern Georgia mod upper Sooth Carolina,
j ,n7-3*no
gu ajstos.
100 T0SSP * R11VIAN 0UAN0 ’
100 ton. SOLDBLK PACIFIC GUANO. *
ICO tons LAND PLASTER.
50 ton. DISSOLVED BONES.
For sale, for Cash Only, by
mariMmo ASHER AYRES.
OH, Y33 LOVERS
—OF GOOD—
PDEE BOTTLED SODA IATEE.
TTAVINO commenced to-day the inannfactare of
it Bottled Sod. W ater, I am now prepared to fur
nish Bottled So la Water, of any kind uf flavor, at
short notice: and it it my determination to have rood
or none. I have employed, thronrh Mr. Jobn Ryan,
of Savannah, a No. 1 workman, who come, well re
commended from him a- understanding the tm.<nen
thoroughly. My manufactory i. at my Ire House.
nc.tr the Famenyer.Depot.
400 BARRELS IK WORE.
HIS articlo need- no tmtiaimtuion when it has
m used. The following icttar from awe of the meet
rmpreted eitUene of Monro, county, telle Zht whole
story. We h.r. other l.ttare and can *i»o *he name,
of many who will not do without it if it-is to A* had,
but wa prefer to lira a letter from a man who J* well
and favorably known by almost everybody In Bibb
and Monroe -counties. Such a man is Dr. LEROY
HOLT;
Moaaou CoCKTT Ga„ December 25, 1848.
MESSRS. JONES. BAXTER A DAY.
GaitTLZMiic: In reply to yoarinoniry. I take piera-
nre in raying my experience with the CHESAPEAKE
PHOSPHATE. I bought af you last aprinr. haa been
very favorable. I aaed <200) two hundred pounds
upon <%) three-fourth, of an acre, third year’s haw
ground, applj ing it in the drill, rows three feet apart,
sixteen inches in the drill, on which I had five thou
sand .even hundred stalks at eotton. From this, I
gathered <!«2i) eighteen hundred and twenty-four
pounds of cotton. The last of August, tha worm com
mitted great ravage* in it, destroying all of the 1st*
crop. Had it not been for tb* worm L should bays
made at least one-third more on the lanu. I can cheer
fully recommend it to Planters aa a Fertilizer tor eot
ton. Respectfully.
[Signal) L. HOLT.
WE HAVE ALSO RECEIVED 30) BAGS AND
BAUGH’S RAW-BONE PHOSPHATE.
This article has been before th* pnblie for thirteen
years, and th ere are n o w over 10.000toas sold annually.
Bead the following latterJFom a well known cititan
of Monroe county:
Mongol ConxTT, 4.1869.
Ur. Geo. Dugdate. Baltimore, itd./
Dtaa Six—I made an experiment upon Cotton the
past season with Baugh’s Raw-Rona Phosphate. I
used it at the rate of only One Hundred Pounds Per
Aere. applying it in the row with the seed, and the'
yield of eotton from land to which the Phosphate was
applied, was On* Hundred Per Cent greater th*n
from land on which no fertilizer was need: the differ-
eoce being so great that I could sea to the very row
where I stopped dropping the Phosphate.
I can. with confidence, recommend Baugh's Raw-
Bone Phosphate aa being a reliable and satisfactory
article.
SIMMONS’
for profit.
A POSITIVE CURE
Coughs, Colds, Hoarseness, Asthma,
Bronchitis, Sore Throat, BUB-
x cult Breathing
Kiehmsod-
Washington..
Baltimore
Philadelphia™
New l irk. airive_...__..,
"aou 1:2:
8f6r
1.40 a. *.
U.rt a. K.
-...MO r. it.
„10.30 r. *■
-2.30 *. *.
H.05 A. K
and healthy
country, with pure water and beaut'lutcenesT—lta^
*TSSmS£® 8H«lf LINE.” ai d «k
for “e“ ”Vre Columbia and Augusta Kail read,” to
’TS^yWi5°tcrmiuri’ stations ofall eon-
ncc-lng roads, and in Augusta, at tha office of JboTJ,
' P. btdk,
General A-ent,
This route passes through an elsva
y. with pu>« water and beaut’ft
(MANGE OFJCIIPILIS.
*<“B3SBSffJSS4Sf -1
/\N AND APTER SUNDAY. 16th inbt.. PAS3KN
O geS Trains on the Georgia Central Railroad
will tun as followit
Xi'CN’QS, THROAT and CHEST,
18 VOfTYD IX TX8
Globe Flower, or Button Bush Syrup.
TOL.’SsBauftSg S&S5SS
complaints, and ia tha moat retie rtnK If hei been
covered for the cure of CONSIJMP the' most
tested in over Twenty Thousand Ca iUomVoent
remarkable success, and many of nur i
Physician* willteetify that it will eur* to
Consumption In its early stage*. It la P _
taka and never disagrees with themost delU w
aeh. Children do not object to taking It.
To all who have any Lnng elections, we eay 'ff 1 _
bat once and you will prise it as your beet **n .
' For Remarkable Cures, aa* our Phamphlet—Pearls
Macon. <3a*
J. 8. Fembcrton 6l Co.,
UP DAY TRAIN.
ttavu. auxnrz.
ieft-T'zfer t “• m i
rS&tSBSto.
DOWN DAY TRAIN.
ttWiith-wto"BETS** f- '
grata at-... ur KlttHT TRAIN. ~ ,
&jKSs?tiKrtoffirssF «*•»• au- ^
How to Utilise the Oak 3Fcrests of
Georgia.
T HE undersigned ia now .ready to great licenses_or
to disposeof territorial right* for the ueofbia
improved appliance- for converting the aatrimrent
properties of Oak Bark iato as imperishable extract
for Tanning and Coloring purposes, requiring there-
-or a small royalty per gallon, ora reasonable con-
sideratioa for Factory or Teiritoriai rights.
The cost of a Factory, with ail the requisite ap-
Dafatmeat* tiers motive power) capable of producing
Si) bands every twenty-four hour*, will pot exceed
nadaoran wiH vhtre tiwfcw iscbe*j>—meef the
have attained tho greatest perfection, coffee to I uf ^ JTSC ^fa^wraoi^
the common beverage, and lice vena in regard I to deliver it in any part of tho city. _ _
to tea- * _ ^N.JSLLS.
Coffee is a tonic y and imjftrts strength. Tea
is a nervous stimulant and is enervating to the
constitution. - ... . , „ _
In giving the botanical description of Coffee,
I stated that it belonged to the class and order
Pentane!ria JTonoginia of the sexual system,
and to the' natural order Cinconacitr. Ail arti
cles of diet found in this class and order are
tonic (as a general rule); but such as are found
(as Tea, for instance) in the clast; and order
Mtmodeiphia Potyandrii of the sexual system,
and to the natural order Tcrmsiromtacur, belong
to the aromatic stimulants. Their action to
evanescent and stimulating, and. consequently,
debilitating, especially if mtemperately used,
tks mv time will not allow a farther elaboration
of this branch of the subject, I shall proceed
with the consideration of Coffee alone.
As a restorative, a means of refreshment
when the powers of life are exhausted; of giy-
ine animation and energy where man has to
struggle with days of sorrow ; as a means of
correction and compensation when through mis-
proportion in nutrition the organism is deranged
fn ite operations; as a means of protection
against transient organicdmturtonces-CqffZ is
surpassed by no product of nature or of art. It
i^rticularlv adapted to the limiting of the de
structive metamorphosis of the tissues. In «m-
seqnence of this property, a greater amount of
mental labor can be undertaken wi thout fabgne^
after the ingestion of a cup or two at tins sus
taining beverageTthan otherwise could be: en
dured without physical and menlabeybanabon.
Every one in the habit of drinking Coffee must
[Signed]
Very truly youiv.
HIRAM PHINEZEK.
entir® cost of a
to 15 barrels p<
may beof iteSD
pourcr. These estimates include tbe cost of building,
tan*:a, (which are of wood) mill, condensing apparatus
and every requisite, save the motive power, required
in tfci —afiXiW.-^
These i e*r dev ice*, for manufacturing concentrate 1
extract,«re in metical use, anefare pronounced by
rood juders to be the most perfec*. simple end the
' st in use. Competent men will be provided for
l these factories in operation for those to whom
, are granted- AU {gggtora
Statiou il.. New York C .
inarlS-Smo
addressing
LIVERY AND BALE STABLES.
T^flE uude-sign*^ has taken charee of the well
JL known “Chspman’F Livery Stnolcs” in Macon,
opposite the paA-encer shed, on Plum street, where he
wi»l coo -uct a general Livery Business in all its
branches- Anythin-* you may want in the w.:y of
rr*nsport**i4>:t, by hor*e or mule, buggy, carriage or
hack, will be farni.-hed or saort notice and at reason*
ablerate*. Drover? will find this an old and popular
stand at which to dispose of their stock,
febll-ly S. H. HOLMES, Agent.
Read what DAVID LANDRBTH k SONS, far
ther are the oldest Seedraen and Gardeners In this
country, being established nearly forty years:
•‘BAUGH'S SUPER-PHOSPHATE is in good re-
pate at Philadelphia, and we feel warranted in saying
from oar own experience, is reliable.**
janl-tillaprl
WANDO FERTILIZER,
ri^HR Wando Mining and Manufacturing Company
A offers to the Planters and Farmers or the South
their Fertiliser, known as the “WANDO FERTIL
IZER/* which the experience of the past season has
proved to be one of the most valuable in our market.
It has for its base the materials from the Phosphate
Beds of the Company on Ashley River, and is pre
pared at Iheir works at the
East End or Hazel Street,
in this city. In order to guarantee its uniformity and
maintain itshigh standard, the Company has made
arrangements with the distinguished Chemist, I>r. C.
U. Shepard, Jr., who carefully analyxes all the am*
moni&c&l and other material purchased by the Com
pany, and the prepared FERTILIZER, before being
offered forsalc. Toe Company is resolved to make an
article which will prove to be a Complete Manure,
and give entire satisfaction.
For terms, circulars and other information,
APPLY TO
WM. C. DUSEn & €0., Agents,
Vo. 1 South Atlantic Wharf;
CHARLESTON, S. C.
]snl2-3mo f - - - - '' «ie***-»-[7 %.-=*
jaaS-Sa*
Proprietor* and Cbembte.
Colombo*. On.
EUREKA BITTERS-
WARD’S
EUREKA TONIC BITTERS,
X HE beet in the merktt
and will cure Dvrpepei
ter. a* well a* T» photo
raxti’m, Neuralgia. Cough,
first flu**, end-rente)* Irregnl
iteelf th* beet remedy of thi* ege.
L. W. HUNT & CO,
Wholesale and Retell Druggists, are the ai
this in valuable remedr. where it can alersj* I
feblOtom
t ; to kept bv-all Druggists,
to. Indigestion. Chills and
*ad Bilious Fevers, Rheu-
OLD SOUTHERN DRUS STORE.
SNCOUBiGE HOME XiKUFACTCBKS.
THE OLD CAROLINA BITTERS,
A SOUTHERN PRKPAP.ATI0N, AND A MOST
VaLiren.1 and Kslublx Tome, e«ual. if not su
perior, to any Bitters in the market, end at a much
ten* in use-
For rale by Druggists and Grocers everywhere.
GOODRICH, WINBMAW <k CO.,
Proprietors and Manufacturers of the
CELEBRATED CAROLINA BITTERS,
And direct importers ef choice Eurepctn Drugs and
Chemicals. Ho *3 Hama tjt.. Cbarla.ton. S. C.
For rale by J* H. ZElLfN 4 OO-
lena-am;
PANKNIN'S HEPATIC BITTERS,
THEY CURE DYSPEPSIA,
AND ALL LIS LASTS 0f 7RZ
STOMACH AND LIVER.
~ TEXT ART MOOmCETOED BT THB
MEDICAL FACULTY.
HEGEMAN & CO.
JLGEXT8, 2TEW YORK.
Manufactured by C. F. PANKNIN,
CSX1CXST AND A7CTZZCA27,
OHARLESTQN, S.C.
or Hale by I>ruygists Everywhere.
feb6 eod-ly :',W-.i: .- V
gss&
sittur."*,.,.
5:10 s. 11
w ■ 3:13 a. K
...4*0 T. If.
.retoMSMsetor -r^GoM^MO P. M.
Connecting with train uwl learee Au-
gusto at—...
y.taTrato froni
Train at Gordon c. _
t hS, P hM M .il?3Sc.._.__
r^u. Train from 8avtotU*h i
* Atting Blaster of TrknaportAiloo.
vp
WALTER A. WOOD’S
1I0WE?J MO /REAPERS,
Used in all Constat'*’fl? univ ' r '’ :l " 7
commend*. “
THE BEST IN USE!
Awarded MORE FIRST PREMIUMS than any otfaai'
Machine manufactured,
Bothiulhis and Foreign Countries,
Among which is
THE HIGHEST PRIZE!
Two Grand Gold Model* and Croaa of the
Legion of Honor,
AT PARIS EXPOSITION, 18WI
JMloro than 120,000 now in nsc.
20,000 manufactured and told in 1868, and th*
demand unrupplied.
INCREASING DEMAND,
INCREASED FACILITIES,
Addtlocal Improvements, for 1860.
Wood’s Prize Mowers, (One and Two Hone.)
Wood’s Self-Baking Beaper, wjth
Wood's Hew Mowing Attachment.
Wood’s Hand Bake Beaper.
Haines' Illinois Harvester.
Keaping Machine Comi-suj’. General Office and 1
.factory, liousick Falls; Rei.s-el.ier Co., N. Y.
Baa*
Ovvic
144 Cort'aut St., N. Y. City. (P. 0. Box 5806.)
106 Like Street, Chicago, HI.
ana ^Alexandria. Va.
8alW Mali-on. Wi*. •
Booze j 71 Upper Thame* St.. London. '
Send for new de crii-ttoe Oireuler and Price Li»L
Application forueorfh should be ^ddre-fed to
f\ W. J. t QBOubi Aveaf, AtUnfa, Ox.
jtnlMa. AYER * HILL^ Agent*. Home. G*.
I10V.IL IVMIllMK COMPANY,
LIVEBPOCZ, and LORSOV.
FIRE -A.3STE LIFE.
Capital, Two .Millions Sterling.
T HE ! naa«l Revenue, in u)l i's br&nchet, is orer
\ The Company will ever distinguish
i-.e’fby its promptoe-fl in th© settlement »>f claims,
w;t..o-/t |,r. Vi. u J rei-oroyeierenre re Engtoat
Office, next door to Maani
wariMmOj' -
H ACKLLF'»RD.
Agent, at Macon.
E. J .Johnston A Co.*£.
Corner oh* Mulbkrst and Second Streets,
V\CON,GA.
B. B. hi ViO\, - - - Principal.
LATE or DOLHKaR a*!) J. V. BLACEMAS'e COMMERCIAL
colleges, new orltakb.
*TbU College iB open daily from 9LX. to 9 r.
and is now in successful operation.
rtndents enter at any time. No vacations. Time
unlimited. Cheap board, healthy city, and its low
tuition fee. make it desirable for ail to enter here.
The following branches constitute the Commercial
Course—each braneh«can be taken up separately —
time is unlimited, vis; Penmanship, Aritbrn tie. in
eluding Commercial Calculations, Book-keeping—
Distinct branches. Ornamental Penmanship and
flourishing Pen Drawing,
Liter art Defartmeiit— English Grammatical
course, 550. For farther particulars, call or send for
Circulars. Patronize and encourage home insti
tutions. feb^-tf
•PAINTINCx.
N- L. DRURY.
House & Sign Painter,
6ILI1&B, GLAZIKK AND PAPER HAKGKR
OYER LAWTON k LAWTON'S."""' 1
FOfTitTH STREET,
j*»14-tf MACON, GA.
XICUABD y. LT0
SAKCXL D. IXVIX
<-. x. ox GurrxxaixD.
LYOff, deGB.AFPENB.IED & IRVIN,
ATTORNEYS atlaw,
>3 M OV GEORGIA.
or Will practice to the State end Federal Courts
ianl7-3m
APPLEBY & HELME’S
CKL? BRATKO
Railroad Mills Snuff
4 RE now being offered in this market m the best
fa. goods man lactured in this country, tor sale by
Messrs. L .W. Hunt A Co.. Druggists, and Johnson
amp bell A Co„ Grocers. Macon, Ga. ju5-6mo