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U OX6T IT \3 TVv)*V m\ I AST. PRINTED AND PUBLISH I) fl 7 WILLI VM J. HUNCH. / Conditions, ' $y- Knr tha riTV PAPER, foce " w«»k, Five per | uttnuin, p»v»bi« in ndvanct** .# | N TKV PAHKRi o J, :e ft 7. Dollwnp. r , annum, in ftcivanr-c. (v r \n paper duronliiiuei) till direcliom U'.ft,rl effect nr. given I mid II errenreEt i PA l l*. I ; •rK(I M s • kKt f ■ unnnm priT 'lil" in nnrunf.'’. {A I’V V. K ll s I's * <a -/ • .. W ill be iuM?rl»nl at lit* rnl«uf , Sixty-two and * Unlf cni.tM- r nquin u, .or ti**• tirnl insertion I ti II -• y-tlm (* Hii<i ' .• qi.int.-ri .-filß, for c i 00/itin-iit COM MU MCA *• K) N’S l»y M»ii I, mmihe i .jsi pun. - ale* nf I>tn.! '..m! n< -'rntts, by Alm ni'trators, KT'-untor* ~r (JuanfinnH. u*v paper .1. ■>) u» ■, I" bHiJ on tin* f >1 In* ( .biv i'i Urn n*'nil!, brivvf. , i»f li' nn oft on in tin l«r% . .on .wm .. .if in !>,.• al|i:rriunit, at in.- 1 ouri-H "»r of Hi* com .U in t vt bidi U’<• nrojmrty is sitimlt - yol ilu’sd- . «muslb* , ,-ivep in h public g ojr-iUi MX 1 V days prnw«"» to the «Uyoi Bale. N l.c« of Ibr. lain of jicromiHl propei ty mint bp given In like man | nitr. KOHTi <l-^y» i'»«v;otH lo t...- day oi sale. ■N,.tu f» toOie debtor* ami ••.rediloraol on r.Ainle tnu»l be published fur KoHTi d»y«. | j j\„ ll( . 0 (hat jutj.lie iti ~ i will hr m>« 1* to th* Onur* of QydinaP for ' | f to sJil 1 " I ■■• I • 1s •■"1 *V TH One of tin- Lmdo i j »urn.ilt* his puolislied j Paine sonnets as frtMii a recently discovi-red, *d indited MS. ot Su- 'MHlrp Sydney.) 1 Tins mav be a (’halloiton allair ; but the Ime try is good. Witness the following speci men : 'i'll hiy hart n't tur, un>f i,hr. tulohzr‘l ohje• inf my scute t war ship, iht.se SON NRT. —TH K UREA ME. f slApl* »'u4Jo ! niefboirgluc. b-nralho n In »*, i ]. <*nyi*ii/.vf-tiu. igblus—whyln a small® ■truame guufiw . lly tin ( ol ifgl> ii • • low.*. I sat with IhHrf 1- * 1 ' ( And limit .1 iil<i«*st sinyle upon inn courlnmitlic ; %Vhyle f wrgpth' d jfiwjftmyucs ft r thy black hairc An 1 talkt-—Uu 1 . Oita api'i'oicticd of i spocte fay re And took ber sialc lietwi.oiif ur, ami on me ft.ulouko j.lavtomeli* ’ Ob 1 sbe did utoali ,My tend, i unite from th 1 I tunn-d askance And wooed her baMitya will* inbitdin /•*ab‘« While thou nOsl bye, Hiv droarylic y\> l.nc* ft ■. .lyugf my Imrli* ! At lun.-thi; my b nrid liatn «: i ho rot* .: muine dy'Solved, and four la me lailhfulle rtlll'i! Financx.il Pirn. — W.iile the ce'ehrated j Doctor Oyoii. J vcrson was l)>mi. ol Oori.it, Cl.urcli, Oxford, the coiiversittiou lurued alter ilimier, at hii table, in a plir. I lax iii<r th ■ lands, wlm l. Mr. l’l it was liien said bv some to have m ri>n(eiii)ila(ioi..! The i) •an, in the course ol the c oiversa lion, (urniior to a omo'lemiii-comiiioocr who dined with him, said, in a jolvi £ way, «< Well, M, svhatdo i/ou iii, k d ili»- plan of taxing tainled pi#jierty f”—“ 1 mink, sic," replied the other,' “ there is clas sical iintliority for it : ijiKhl nnijnr I. fumlis accscil, (hi fund in, ican ss i'-) Hue jdea i santty eftwiod- ik, bv association, ol min (her. Mi.nv years ago, just as a learned judge had ciosi d his clnu ge to a Grand Jury, an asi bee iu ,o bi a\ within lie.u ioe; id the! O O Court; woeu a ban islee s ncaatieally wliis j pered to his next neighbor, “ A’bat anex traoidi.iai y ecinc •thine is in tins Court.” This sarcasm reatßk. d the ears ot the learn ed Jnd're, who bore it with his accustomed O’ . jroml Icmpur, but tlal not ttirti’Uurgi* it from Ins me hi v. Yens after, while tin* person to whom the sarcasm had been attributed, vv .3 .iddresMiijj the Cmnt, by a whimsic.il coiocidemle, JTii ass was heard to bray ; when the uii,ry, nfllje, and well tempered J idge, exclaimed, With uIV. eled gravity, “ (ientlu lien,.this is nnile ii reg ihu : one at a time, and 1 w iti bear you but...” i’lie Pans Journal des Oe.bats, of (he Kith November, contains an account i f a new substance prepared there, called Hydrofige, which preserves from humidity all objects io wlii. uit i> applied. “ This discovery,” says that paper, “ lor which the author has obtained a pato.it, appears to be ol great im portance. The evils produced by humidity are w ell know n. Some of the boxes ami oilier parts of one oi'the principal theatres have been substance, all new building- may be inline diately occupied with impunity. It mat be applied to any thing and renders the con met ol water harmless, ll may he used upon any meterial ; stock, brick, pla-ur, glass, paper, the metals, Cke. Vox color may be given to it. Ihie experiments related in the Journal of i'.c .moucol Sciences leave no doubt of its ctlieaey.” •V tradesman of this town had lately a letter returned to him from the dead letter olfr e, containing 11 local bunk notes, w Inch he hot remitted by post 2 3 years ago, ad dressed to a person at ilichmoud, but which had not reached lluur intended desti.iatmn, and had ol course long since been given up as lost. The notes were of different bunks, and only one limk out of the four is now m existence. No reason is assigned why the letter was not delivered as directed, nor why it has been detained so long; and vet the post otlice demanded Is. Gil. postage upon it when it was returned.—Q ice—might they Hot in justice, to make good the whole sum, with interest ? \eirciiytU‘ (Fug.) Chron. -coo- Mexico. —We have received a copy of a proclamation bv the President of the Mexi can United Stales, of tl.e 1-lth December lust' for the continnu.mil id the strict blockade of; the lurtress of St Juan de Ulloa, declared on the Blh October 1833, till the end set fori hi in the original declaration is obtained ; which proclumati m or decree, the S crot.iry of Alarine is required to communicate to the 1- .reign Ministers Consuls, &c. residing inj Mexico. Mi-s Kdgew.»rth has a new work in the* press,entitled “ Mutual Instruction;” the object ol which is to excite a taste for sci ence, and to put youth in possession of its ! principles. h I Ma\\. FPom the NeUtiHVovk National Advocate. FROM EUROPE. By the Tally-110, from London, and the packet ship John Wells, from Liverpool, we have received intelligence to the 3d January. The Tally-Ho brought a loose tile of papers, hut not being a regular packet, the dates were <»|d. > On lookingovcr tfie files, we discover noth ing of interest. Thecuttun market was rath er improving. The effects of the late tremendous hurri cane lias been felt on the continent, in id no.sl every seaport, particularly in the North Sea. M. Petersburg!!’ was recovering from the shock, but had sustained a serious loss in lives ami property. The Greeks continued successful —the iro..ps under the I'm kisli commanders were preparing for a retreat. The Grand Seignior, dissatisfi ul with the j conduct of the Pachu ot r'.gypt, determined to send liiiii a finnan, inviting him to have Ins head taken off; but no nmssenger could j lie found willing t" carry the dispatches, the ! Paella having resisted similar orders pre viou-ly. Notiiing was said respecting the health of the kh g. lie bad left Carlton II .use tor Windsor, intending to remain there until the meeting of Parliament, early in Febru aiy. Spain continued in a frightful condition. —'l he removal of the Fr nch troops had created tin* greatest excitcmci.l. J'lje hoops' destined for South America, in Barcelona,j were becoming resiles-, and demanding uni advance ol wages, which the government could not satisfy. The country was in a cumplet slate of anarchy and contusion. ku.g diaries of France was tendering himseli very popmar iiv his uncereinoniousi visiis to the Lyceums and Academies .d Ails and .Sciences, and b) a corteous a.id 1 1 i>-niily a hiress to the people among whom lie is i rceived w.lii llalterino attention. The French oini-uy continue mm h as it was, •.under the late king, but more liberally dis posed. j Kr inee has an eye on the movements ol tu-liia, wl.ieii country i- drawing a strong 'coni .ii towards the liontieis ul Greece. In • spite of the vigilance of England ano Fra ce, n is plain that Russia and Austria have an l umierslamiing as to the tuture du-positi >n ot Greece, her final independence in ing no Monger a mattei ofdonbt and opinion. 1 lie I Divan areata stand to devise ways and [means for a new campaign—their resour res are nearly exhausted, and the J .nnissa .jriesare becoming Iroutiicsome. i Canadian Commissioner*. --The I.im- | don papers (nun hie LOtli to hie 23d of l)e --,:ceml»er, contain several aitieles in relation (to the Canada Cninpa v. The Telescope j ol the luth contains the following para -1 graphs, I “ the Comimssionerg appointed to pro ceed to North A iierica are Col. Cockhurn, lj Mr. M’tiillivray, Col, Hervey, Mr. Galt, . and Mr. Davison, two being appointed liy ’ the government, two by the Canada Com pany, ami ore by the consent of both par ities. I’ll nr object is to value the (anils re served to the government and clergy, which are very extensive and valuable. The Coni ( missioners .'ill meet at Lord Bathurst’s, at two. o’clmk, on Thursday next, to receive their final instructions.” Ihe Eclipse contains the paragraph he \ low : j “We understand that a ship of war has been ordered to net ready, for the purpose! of conveying to New-York, the government and Ctna.la Company’s Commissioners, who will sail early next month.—From N. York they will proceed to Vlhany. and then, probably, by the line of the new canal to 'Lake Fine, at (he head of which, on the ibanksol the Detroit River, they will lienin I'll •/ O j their labors, as spring commences in the - mlh-wesier.i extremity of the Upper Ca ’ nada, earlier by some weeks then at (ilen garrv, which is the north-east boundary of the province.” .1 little speck of liar. A letter received in London, d .ted Madrid, Dec. 7, says : “ In my las , 1 mentioned the American Minister having sent oil his secretary, at a ishort notice, with despatches to Wasliing ton—the cause now comes out. The King, ~jiii his wind nil, formally demands of the U. states to recall the rec- gniiion ot the inde ’[ jiondence of the several iudepemlent .Span ish countries in Yin u rica, under p tin, in ’lease of refusal, us i-suing a R ival Decree, 'IRKV' »KI Ml TilE CESSION OF TilFi FLORID AS.” Soinu credit is attached to this report, in consequence of the arrival in London of the Secret.rv, Mr, Appleton, who immedi ately proceeded o Liverpool, and emhark ’jed for the Uni ed Suites ji V” Those A jmerican editors who are afraid of doing jus itice to the pirates, lest it should lead to a ' war with Spain, we piesume will be for J obeying the R yal • andate, whenever it . arrives, (r tm me same cause !j 'V e are ind. ted to the pmiteness of the editors ol the New \ ork Daily Advertiser, ! lor the follow ing j The American Secretary of Legation above allu I• *»I to, ND. Ajijde.on, passed through i.on.lon for i.ivei pool, where, says, a Liverpool paper, he lias embaikod forNeiv' York. .Mission of Mr. Strafford Canning to Hue sia.—.i »n this -uoject me Courier of Dec.i 1 tth,says that the boundary hue on the' North west coast’of A nerica, th • affairs > f U; cece and those of South America would nme under discussion ; that on the two first and the most desirable results were to be an ticipated ; and with regard to the latter, Great Britain had no intention of adopting at present any new course of measures. The government of Russia announce the loss of but 500 pers tn- during the late flood at St. Petersburg!). Private let'ers howe ver, state that ten times the number perish ed. ... An arrangement has been send the convicts of the continent to Brazil. Maviocardjito lias been recalled by the government to tfie Peloponnessus, as soon as he shall have recovered from his indisposi tion, he will proceed thither. An epidemic disease has appeared at Na poli <li Romani. > A letter liom St. Petersburg!), of the 26' h Nov. says, the principal scene of distress was at the Imperial F minify, on the Peter hoft’ road. The works were stopped, and the. men were ordered to go to the assistance M their families. It was impossible to reach them, and. they were only enabled to save them.-elveii by regaining the roof of the works, from whence they had the misery of seeing their imu-es, with their wives and children carried away by the flood ; 196 la dies had been found and 54 men have been missing. Several villages have been tal lied away. The Botanic Ua’den, enriched with plaids from every part of the world was destroyed—the priucip.il director, Dr. Fis cher saved himseli in the garret of Ui.-, house. A meeting was held in London on the 18th Dec. to raise a fund for the Spanish and ■ Italian refugees m and about London, and 1,100/. subscribed. London, Jan. 1. 1 The packet ship Cyrus, arrived at Liver pool yesti iday, from New- York. Ii glish Stuck li.eeha ige, Jan. 3.—Con .|sols opened at 9.) 7-o, and closed at the same. Os (lie Foreign Mocks, there lias been a considerable increase in value, of all ,di sumptions of American securities. London, Jan. 3. I This was a holiday at the Stock Exchange, and very little was done in Cons which, for IHlh current, mnai i at 95 3-7 4-B. “ The attention of English capitalists is > now entirely engrossed by the securities ot I I the New American States—and as i> is im >!possible to believe the ministers will nota -1 vail themselves of (hose vast national bene ' 1 fits which are now within their grasp there ’ is no longer a iy hesiiatio i felt by capitalist ' in in vest i g their prospects in American se ' curities.” Letters from Marseilles, &c. confirm the news of a victory by the G eeks over the Egyptian fl et on the 1 Ith and Hlh Nov.— The latter was dispersed, and .‘ill perhaps - return iu'ai shattered a state as that of the i Turks, f ( ■ The D'ikej<iT,rri;is r aiid \hrautes, Count ■ Mtamira, the (h-ralvo and Al canize-, with StTotlmrs win* had been ban ■ isln d from cfluff, liad all bem brought in .jch.iins, like malef;ffct*ii s to M.idrid for being ~i ..nsti'utmnulistS. Out of 50 Grandees ol ’ the firs’ class and largest estates, who for merly resided at Madrid, 30 are banished, ■ and 10 are in dnngi-ons. None have kept • their place except the Duke del Infanlado. i On the 10th Nov. the Greek and Turkish fleets had a battle between Cos and Candi i t but were -eparated liy a tempest. One of ! ilie Turkish frigates had been set on fire. An express was received this morning from T nis, hut it does nutconnnunicate anv intelligence of much general importance.— 1 It was understood that M. Villele intended ' to propose to the Chambers the fonnaii m of • a 3 per cent stock, to b created by the sub > scriptioos of the present rentes at 75, and • that the whole power of the sinking fund he • lafterwartls applied to ’ succeed,’the whole 5 per cents, will be re duced, slid all the debts of the revolution, 1 sunk. The French remes on Thursday were done at 10If. 80s. January 3, City, 2 o'clock. p Consuls for Jan. began at 96 bugers, and declined to 95 4-7 7-8. business rather limi- I ted Great scarcity of money, South American j securities are heavy. ( j The Whiteboys continue to produce dis turbances in Ireland. There Fas been a mob in Edinburgh, which, however, appears to have'jproduced no very serious consequen ces. Paris, Dec. 28. .j The last French troops quitted Madrid, , Dec. 28, and the two Swiss regiments are now the only foreign troops (here. They j anuiuiißto 3000 men. Every thing at .Mad rid was said to be tranquil. i 1 Madrid, Nov. 30. ! The king has ordered that suspected per sons shill not be permitted to reside near - the sea coast. The French are not allowed - to concern themselves with any thing that . may occur without the walls of the fortt ess i es they occupy. | Under date of Constantinople, 27 to x. 9, l we that a new army of reserve is to be 'formed by the Grand Seignor, of Asiatic • 'iro >ps, and to he encamped before the citv. ( The Grand V.zicr’s presence is considered I necessary to tranquility. 'The Divan threa tens asiew campaign m the spring, but is in want of funds. The deposition of some of the richest Pachas wis talked of. j * Are Ward of two hundred dollars is offer ed bv Governor Troup, for the apprehen sion o| William Clark, acn-ed us the in irdeif of Richard R. Watson, on the. IB’h pebember last, in the County of Do- ! catur. • tti»<nwa—argrr"* ■ 1 1 iwin m '.mv—mmmmmmrmmrmm CONSTITUTIONALIST. AUGUSTA : ■ FRIDAY, FKHRUARY 11, lb-25. 1 «=! ' = Jitters from Washington confirm the re , port tiiat Mr. Speaker (Jl\y has given in ikißKHlhejiio/i to J* Q. Adams, and tiiat lie is 1 endeayoiing to ilr.nv Kentucky, Missouri and otlier western States after him. it is . said that the members from beyond the j mountains stand shuddering on the brink, . and do not so readily commit themselves to the flood as the Speaker could wish; — . indeed, the present Representative from Missouri was her Delegate, when the “ ce , lebrated question” was agitated —and he j can hardly reconcile it to nimsell both to . forget old friends, and to vote for Mr. Ad -1 ams, who held, that the Restriction ought be .constitutionally impose*) by Congress; — , for so it is said the Secretaty told a mem her Irom N. Hampshire, who imparted the , opinion to Messrs. Cocke of Tennessee, ( and Ahcheh of Maryland. It is more 1 than probable then, that Missouri will obey .ihergo i i feelings and assert ner rights —and , if so—and Mr. Clay cannot wield at hi . pleasure one or two other states, it is not 1 cpiiie certain hit Mr. Adams or Gen. S( son will be the Pre>nlent. We mean to , j say, that al hough present appearances are 'against Mr. t rawford’s chance of success, .'nothing certain can be ga hered from them, j and we doubt whether it is known at SA ash -1 mgtoq, at this moment, which of tae three Candidates is destined to succeetl. We cannot omit the Speaker’s Card. , It is indeed a Carte-hlanche, which any gen tleman from Pennsylvania, who has an in clinatioji to he distinguished, may lid up at his leisure. e A CARD. ' I have seen, without any other emotion than that of ineffable I rnriteni|'t, the abuse which has been poured out upon me by a scurrilous paper issued in this city, ;• n«l by other kindred prints and persons in regard to llie Presidential J.leciion. the editor * of one of those prints, ushered forth in PbiL.d. Ipbia, called tae Columbian Observer, for which i do not subscribe, and which I have not ordered, has had the impudence to transmit tome bis f vile paper of the *blh install.. in that number is inserted a let ter, purportingMo have been written from this city, on the 25th * instant, by a member of the house ol liepreseatutjves belonging - to the Pennsylvania del- h alion. I believe it to be a forgery ; but if it be genuine, i pronounce the member, whoever lie maybe, a base an 1 infamous calumniator, a dastard ..nd a liar ; and il iie I' dar-unveil himself and avow his name, 1 will hold hiin»respon si I. .1 here admit myself to be, lo .ill the laws which govern " and regulate the conduct of meu of honor. H. CLAY.. 31i7 January, 1825. . [ Mr. Livingston, of Louisiana, in a late . debate, argieit the propriety of the abolition of capital punishments. We have lung . been convinced that Death does not more . terrify by its example, than would perpetu . ai and solitary imprisonment, and the in , terment of the living b dy in the bloodless . grave of a dungeon, would as effectually re move the evil doer Irom the world, as does I the gibbet. Legislators should remember . that something is due even to the most hard . uued culprit, and however horrible his i mine, humanity requires that he be allowed r to wash away its stain in the tears of pent I. tente. I hese flow faster in solitude, am . the reflection of many years is sometimes t required to melt an obdurate heart. Mr I Livingston said “ There existed another disadvantage : this punishment onct inflicted, w.is irrevocable ; and, if i.illi* led wrongfully, admit I led of no r dress. A mistake might be discovered, but the suffer er was gonei the justice of society could not reach him. Mr L. here dwelt upon the uncertainty c,f circumstantial evidence f the dangerous effect of public excitement, and quoted instances ii which me offender, after being executed, was found lo have beei innocent. He inferred the, probability of n» ny other simil.i cases, which were not discovered, because there were few win 5 took anv interest in lit*’ investigation. Public justice was satisfied r ,md .11 further inquiries slept with the copvict in his grave. Hat lie been punished by imprisonment, the discovery of his inno * c.encc could have restored him to liberty, and linns* If and hi I family to their former standing. The power of the state inigh penetrate the dungeon •, it could not penetrate the grave—i i could not silence the upbraiding* of conscience, or slop the wid *iw*s tears. In reply lo the argument, that death had always beei awarded as the punishment of murder, he answered: first, tha l I te precedent was not binding; and, in the second place, dent* i jis universality. During a great part of the Unman Republic 5 death was not inflicted as a punishment for any offence. 1 hen j was no evidence, from history, that crimes were then universal!. 1 numerous. Rut when cap'tal punishments were afterwards re . vived, under the Kmperors, every body knew that crimes wen multiplied beyond all example. He would not say, however, tha > the effect had the punishment of death for its cause. He iosistei * much upon the experiment rn. de by Leopold, Duke of Tnscanv under whose authority capital punishments had been abolished ii that Duchy for 20 years, during which time crimes were compa lativelv rare, and the prisons, at some periods, were literally eiup ty ; yet. at no greater distance than Rome, there occurred six. 1 executions in a period of six months. Mr. L. insisted, with earnestness, that such examples call#-< upon this nation so make a similar experiment. Mr. la. advert*-, to a case in New Orleans where six friendless strangers had bee ) executed n charge of piracy, on the testimony of a witness wh was afterwards proved to be perjured. The last objection urge, by A/r. L. was, tint, in evil times, men disposed to oppress thei . country found, in the established use of capital punishment, a instrument drawn and sharpened to their hand. How often, i 1 party contests, or civil wars, has the revolting spectacle been ex ,' hibiled of judicial murders (two terms, the last that ought to l> * associated,; where the murderer was clad in ermine, and the vie - tim suffered at noon day ? Was it possible to look upon such sight and be calm ? Yel he did not seek to address the, feelings o the House, or to mv.ide that serenity that ought ever to accorn pany legislation. He again repealeAhat he well knew the prac lice of nations was against it, and mat even onr own excinpl , might be urged as a precedent But we h. d begun to rnitigal 4 our code, and he asked whether we should go back, or should pr«j ’ oeed in the work of improvement.” r We present with pleasure to our reader the following Message of the President t. both Houses of Congress. It contains view - at once humane and just, and which we trus ■ will also be entertained by the National Le 1 gislature. [ “ Being deeply impressed with the opinion, that the removn of the indian tribes from the lands which they now o copy v\ tlhi ‘ the limits ol the several States and I'errit. n*u s, to Lie coorur lying westward and northward thereof w nhin our ackn* .. 1 • dg** boundaries, is of very high importance lo our Union, and ..i.*y b , accomplished on condt tions and inn manner, promote ih • iu 4 terest and happiness of those tribes, the attention of the govern merit has been long drawn ; with great solicitude, to the oi.jef:) ■ For the removal of the tribes within the limits of the slate *j Georgia, the motive has been peculiarly strong, arising from th • compact with that state, whereby the United Slates are bound. I 1 extinguish the Indian title to the lands within it. whenever .nay be done peaceably and on reasonable conditions In th« ful • .ilment of this compact, 1 have thought that tli** Uuilcd State diould act with a generous spirit, that they should om|t nothin ' vhioh should comport with a liberal construction of |he ins', i * meot, and likewise be in accordance with thi just rights of thoa tribes. From the view which I have taken of tin: subject, I ai ■at isited that, in the discharge of theue important duties inregar to both the parties alluded to, the United States will have to e:i counter no conflicting interests with either. On the contrary that I'm remov .*1 of the tribes from the ten iiory which? they no* inhabit, to that which was designated in the mess ge at the cun . mencemeot of the session, which would a complish the obj *. for Georgia, under a w*-ll digested plan I.»r Ih ir governniei: ! and civilisation, which should be agreeable lo themse Ives, won! ~ not only shield them from impending ruin, but promote their we I Dare and bappioe.-*. Kxperi- m e ba.i barlv Jem ,u rate.l. tn i ' ‘n their present state, il is impossi »le to incorporate them in *= -< masses, in any form whatever, into our system. I is also do moi* .•.rated, with equal cerlaiuly, that, wiumul a timely Rntieipa ttoo of, and provision against, the dangers to which they are ex posed, under cases which it wiM be difficult if not impossible to control, their degradation and extermination will be inevitable. Ttie great object to be accomplished is, the removal of those tribes to the territory designated, on conditions which shall he satisfactory to themselves, and honorable to the United State*. This can be d* ne only by conveying to each tribe a good title to an " adequate portion of la nd, to which it mav consent to remove, and by providing for inhere, a system of internal government, w hich shall protect their property from invasion, and. by the regular • progress of improvement and civilization, prevent that degene • racy which has generally marked tbc transition from the one t# the other slate. ' 1 transmit, herewith, a report from the Secretary of War j which presents the best estimate which ran he formed, from the . documents in that Department, of the number of Indians within I our States and Territories and of the amount of lands held by . the several tribes within each ; of the state of the country K ing northward and westward thereof within our acknowledged houn • dunes ; of the parts to which the Indian title has already been extinguished ; and of the conditions on which other parts, in an > amount, w licit may he adequate to the object contemplated, may \ be obtained. By this report, it appears that the Indian title has already been extinguished to extensive tracts in that quarter, and ■ that other portions mav be acquired, to the extent desired, ou very moderate conditions. Satisfied I also am. that the removal proposed is not only practicable, but that the advantages attend ■ ing it to the Indians may be made so apparent to them, that all the tri .es, even those most opposed, may be induced to accede to it at no very distant day. f The digest of such a Government, with tbc consent of the In dians. which should be endowed with sufficient powers to meet all • the objects contemplated ; to connect the several tribes together Jin a bond of amity, and preserve ogderin each : 10 prevent intrus ions on their property : to teach thr rn, by regular instructions, . i the arts of civilized life, and make them a civilized people, is an object of very h;gh importance. It is the powerful consldera t;on which we have to offer to these tribes, as an inducement te , reli qulsh tie* lands on which they n w resid-. and to remove to those which are designated. It is not 1 mMed that this arrange , merit will present considerations of sufficient force to surmount ( II their prsjudi es in favor of the soil of their nativity, however * f i strong the.y may he Their elde s have sufficient intelligence to r .'iscern the certain progress of events in the present train, and snffi. lent virtu-. hy yielding »o rmwnentarv sacrifices, to protect 1 their f mil es and .losteritv from inevitable destruction. They will also perceive, hat they may thus attain an elevation to I whicl as communities, they could not otherwise aspire. ‘ To the United States, th* proposed arrangement offers manv | important advantages, in addition s o those which have been a)- ready enumerated. By the establishment of such a government J over these tribes, with tin t consent we become in realitv their jbenefactors. The relation of confecting interests, which has ‘I he etofore existed between then) and our frontier settlements, 1 will cease. There will he no more wars between them and the 1 1 1 riMed States. Adopting such a government, their movement , wiM be in harconv with us. and its good effect be felt throughout thfe whole extent of >ur territory, to the •Pacific It may fairly bn presumed that, t rough the agency of such a government, the , condition of all f e tribes inhabiting that vast -egion may he e?- sentinjly improved that permanent peace may be preserved with them, an our commerce he much extended. With a view to this importi ut object, I recommended to Congress to adopt, hy solemn declaration, re tain fundamental ■ rinciples, in accord with tlii.ee above suggested, as the basis of su.-li irr ogemeuts '9 may be. entered into with the several tribes, | U sh. s’rlct observance of which, the faith of the nations shall bt I pledged. | recommend it also so Congress to provide by law for ti c ap ■ »in'rn ml of a suitable num'-er of commissioners, who shall und'-r the directions of the President, he authorized to visit and explain to the several ' d'e.s the ohjfcls of the Government, and to make with thorn, according to fheir instructiiuis, such arronge ’ merits as shall he, best calculated to carry those ohjecs in'o effect, 1 A negotiation is now den. i I'.-g with the Creek nation, for the, > cession of lands held by it, within Ih* limits of Georgia, an'! with t asonjchle prospect of success. It is presumed, however, that ! result will not be known during the present session ofCon ! ress To give effect to this m got alien, and to the negotiations > which it is proposed to hold with all the. other tribes within the. limits ol the several slate* and territories, on the principles and i for the purposes stated, it is recommended that an adequate an* ; propriation he now made hy Congress. JAMES MONiIOE. • if' ashing tan , i'7 ih January . IP *5. - ; FOR THE CONSTITUTIONALIST. The writer is one of those free think ers, who will (I ever keep, it vigilant eje up on ail (lie movements of those artificial bod ies, technically called corporations ; and as far as their power and authority may be pre scribed, so far would he hold them to ! a rigidaccouutahility. Argument is unneces sary to prove, thrt the tendency of all char* 'em! institute ns in to innnopoliz,e power ; the history of every incorporated body > exemplifies this truth. Hence the reason & the necessity of confining their acts within ’ the legitimate exercise of their constitution* 1 a I prerogatives. A limited discretion may •I be delegated to these bodies, but the great, ' landmarks ot dieir p< collar province, they ' should never he permitted to exceed.— \t the same time the writer would main tain for them, the undisturbed exercise and, s enjoyment ot their constitutional rights and • privileges. If the Legislature has con ferred dangerous powers, probe (he evil to “ the fountain—elect wiser and better men - to make your laws ; hut do not question the right to exercise powers deliberately and " expressly delegated, resides, is it not a *• matter ot some delicacy, for an umiuihor l[ i/.ed ami self constituted tribunal, formally « to arraign the proceedings of a constitution* I, al body ? and yet, what a writer in the last JJ Chronicle stated, may be true, that “ the I Mooli lubenteitain the highest respect for “ the City Council of Augusta.” Truly, j there mustbe a spice of ingenuity in the Club, or they would never have devised so ; novel a mode of testifying that respect. IK , what was,said in that paper, however, the wiitei been induced to enquire of one jof the members of (hat Club, in what man* ,"jtier they bring up (lie question for discus* H-sion, this evening, to wit : “ Have the City j Council of Augusta, constitutional authori al ty to line or imprison, for any offence hi against Ihe Police Ordinances?” and the 'll following is the sum of his information; that at each meeting of the Club, tbev select in a subject to be discussed at (lie next mei t 'i ing, by lour Cout s.-11..r» assigned fur that purpose, by the Chief Justice ; that this □I subject is finally brought before the Court, in the form of an issue made up of record, a- in (lie common method of pleading— and !; that after the counsel have cl. sed then ar gument t. e Chief Justice delivers the opin ion of the I/ouit. \N hether in the present 8 instance, the question comes up on Cer °j tiorari, t by an ii.formatimi in the nature of s a Quo warranto, the writ r is uninformed. ,r It is rumored, however, Iha t some of the • honey-tongued orators of the Council will, take care to be present, to see that their chartered rights be not trifled with. 3 FREEDOM «P THE PRESS. ' ?C7* We arc haopy to learn that Mr J Stevens will commence his regular corns* ml Astronomical Lectures this evening, at ■fl the Academy. A numerous and highly' res ‘! S J reliable class have already taken tickets '■-[fui tite .Sett- B, ( and \vc^cloul>t not that many | more will be taken up at die Ifnok-s'ores, tile course of to-day. Those who attend ed Mr. Steven^’introductory Lecture, we e • highly pleased with the perspicuity and t 1 clearness ot his illustrations. We miner- | Jsiand 'hat the first Lecture will be repeated * ;||to-mmr.,w evening, to commence at half , - past five o’cl irk, for the accommodation of ,thos- «übsc;iocta who may bo absent this >- eveun g.