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eONATITVmv>X A IA6T. PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY WILLIAM J. BUNCE. Conditions, <Vr. ff)r For tha CITY PAPER, Iw.oo » ««■«• Fivo Dollar* per annum, payable in advance. J3T COUNTRY PAPER, once a week. Three Dollars per annum, in advance. , *• ~ M paper discontinue 4 till diwotioa* to Ibete £ and nil arrearage* i'Ali)* TERMS.... Five Dollar, per annum pajrnbleina.Uar.ee M-ADVERTISEMENTS.... 'Till b. inserted at Ihe rate of .. half rent*, per nq.inre, for Hie lir.l mseilion 5 V„hl thane aii'l inr-e quarter cent,, lor each coni, nuance < ATlo\sV. Mail. ,nu„6. Po.l-~.rf. STsale.nl Lad apJ negroes, by Adm.u.rtrator., hU.cotor, ur (Juar.lians, »re rcioired, oy law. to be held nu the l.r.t 1 o« - An. ... me m .nil.,hoi .reel, the hours of lea ... the lorenooii on.l three , . (he after......... el Ihe Courl-Hoo.e of the coo ■IV in wh cb lha property is sit,.ale.-Notice ol the* .«!■ . most I.e ii a public garette SIXTY day. prc.iou. to the day ol •ale. Rot.ee of the sale of personal properly must be given it. like man per. FORTY di.ys previous to the day r.l sale. Notice to the debtors and rrtdiloriof an estate must ho published for FORTY days. Notice, that application will be made to the Cbnrt of Ordlww foe | ft nvi to tut 11 land, must »>e published lor MVK VON I US. UtdMiftl VVviU’b eNVv uwtivis, Os the Campaign of the North IVestern Jinny, in the year 1812. Addressed to the people of the. United Slates. No. XII. It will bp perceived, that tho letter which I received from the Secretary of lie do- 1 parlment of war, on the morning ol the 2d , of July 1812, which is traascribed m the i former number, contained a positive order - to march the annv to I) -U nit, and there wait . further orders. Tuis order being positive, , no other alternative remained, but obedience.! i In refl-cting on the subject the fitlowing.i considerations forced themselves on my mind. I bail given Uas my opinion, that while wo were nt peace with Groat Britain, Detroit would be u suitable situation for forces, designed to protect that territory, and the northern frontr r against the sav ages. and for this obvious reason, that they could receive all necessary supplies by the communication ol the lake but •" ”I'‘ event of war with Great Britain, I had otn cially stated, that without a navy on Lake Frie tli it co nmunication would be entire ly dosed a-ainst us. I had likewise slated in that event, the difficulty, if not the im possibility of obtaining the necessary sup plies in any other way. Indeed it must be apparent to all who have any knowledge of the geography ol the country, that there would be no oilier mode of obtaining supplies, but from the settled parts of the state ol Ohio, through the wilderness which I bad passed, ami was passing, of nine than two hundred miles, au.r filled with Imatile savages. When the important event id the declara tion of war against Great Billain was an nounced. I received no assurances from the Government, that any preparation was made to preserve the communication ol the lake. I receive 1 u' assurances that any re mforcemenls were in readiness, to make such establishments on the mail I bad open ed through the wilderness, as would give security to convoys, from the state ol O bio. I received uo assurances, tout any army was prepared to co operate with the forces I commanded, in unking offensive operations. At that mom mi, I anticip.it ed what must be the fate of my army, un less the measures 1 have s’aied, were a d opted. Notwithstanding these reflections, I knew the flrst tlmy of a soldier was to obey or ders ; and in obedience to them, I marched the army to Detroit with all possible expe dition. In passing a large Indian village, the re sidence of’the Wyondots, nearly opposite the British fort at Malden, and only sepa rated from my rout by the Detroit river, it w.js die intention of the British command ing officer, to have crossed the river and at tacked the army on its march through a In ileous swamp, which we entered alter pass ing this Indian village. At this time, hav ing been informed of the war, a large body of the militia of Upper Canada, had re-en forced die British garrison, and all the sur rounding tribes ot Indians had been invit ed tojjini's standard. Every preparation was made for it, on the morning rtf tue sth of July. It was only prevented by acorn munication die nignt before, which I caused to oe made, by a confidential inhabitant ol Malden, then in my camp, to a friend ol his who resided in Malden, and was in thr confidence of the commanding officer. The inform a'don communicated was, that il was not the intention of the army to match to Detroit, that all the boats had been col lecled on Urn west side of the river, tha cannon hail been sent for, from Detroit, ant that my intention was to cross the river and atiack the fort. This information was immediately communicated to the com intruding officer, which induced him toaban don ilia cwterprize, and concentrate all hi: forces for the defence of tho fort. Tib ma ireuvre I deemed necessary, as the for ces I commanded had been about a montl in the wilderness, on the hardest fatigue opening a road and not in ;• situation lb discipline, or preparation for action. Be sides the ground was well calculated lor In dian warfare, and we had no field arliller to oppose to that of the enemy, which migh easily have been transported across the ri ver. By tins stratagem the troops passei this fortress without annoyance, and tha evening arrived at Detroit. After a marcl ad so much hardship and fatigue, 1 though it was my duly to permit both officers an. soldiers to nsi from their labours lor a lev davs. The time was however employed i washing their clothes, cleaning and rep 1 j tig then arms. All the armourers at De troit were engaged, assisting in this neces sary work. The enemy were directly op posite at this time, erecting fortifications on the bank of die river. An impatience was . excited, and a strong wish manifested a n.ong both officers and men, to cross the ri ver and commence offensive operations. In consequence of this, 1 called a council of war, consisiing of die field officers, and 1 communicated to them the instructions I had received from the government, “ that I was to march with all possible expedition to Detroit and theie w ait for further orders.” i informed them that I .lid not consider my self authorized by those instructions to in vatle die enemy’s territory, and I wished them to give such explanations, as would allay the impatience which had been excit ed. Notwithstanding this communication, the officers gave it as their opinion, that it was expedient immediately to cioss and take possession ol the opposite bank. I then informed them as long e r 1 command ed that annv, I should oh' orders of the Government. 1> t a rice; c libs Council, are pro testifrt ol Colonel Cass, who -s a member ■»;) and are only stated, to shew the tem and inexperience t.f my officers, and me difficulty of my command. I his was but i lour day-. alter the anival of the army at .Detroit. On the evening of the 9th, after idle council was dismiss u, 1 received a let ter Irom die Secretary of the department of wir, authorizing me to commence often - sive operations. I nis letter is of so much importance tha I sii.ill here recite the part jot it, w bch relates lo Abusive operations. War Department, Jane 24 th, 1812. Sir, By my letter of the 13th inst. you were intorm. d that war was declared . gainst Great Britain. Herewith enclosed, you will receive a co, y of • lie act, and of the Presiiletu’s proclamation, and you are ati ihonzed to commence offensive operations accordingly. Should die force under your command be equal to the enterprise, con-isient wnh the siiie.y of your own posts, you w ilt take pos sessi mol Malden, and extend your con quests as cir. mn lances may justify. ( Signed) WILLIAM BUS FIS. On the same evening libs letter was re ceived, die following answer was given. Detroit, SHh July, 1812. Sia, I have received your letter of the 24th of June. Tlie army under my command arri ved here on the stli of July lost. Every effort has been and is slid m.king, by the Briii-.li to collect the Indians under tbeir standard. They have a large number. I 1 am preparing boa s and shall pass the river l in a few days, i’he British have establish ed a jiost, directly opposite libs place.—l have confidence in dislodging him, and being in possession of the opposite bank. Iha e little time to write : every tiling Will be ! done that is pos-ible to do. The British command the water and the 1 savages. 1 do not think the force here equal to ihc L ‘ reduction of Amhertsburg (meaning the fort at Maiden ;) you therefore must not be too sanguine. Signed) WILLIAM HULL. Hon. W m. Eusns. v By the letter which has just been reci ■ ted from the Secretary of War, of the 2dth of June and received by me at Detroit, the ‘ 9tb ofJuly, I was authorized, .Ist. I'o commence offensive operations. 2d. Sitould the force under my command 0 be equal to the enterprise, consistent with ■ the safety of our own posts, 1 was to take 1 possession of Malden, and extend my con ■ quesis, as circumstances might justify. As soon as 1 received this letter I deter mined to cross the river, and take possession ■of the bank opposite Detroit, For this pur ■ pose, all the boats and canoes belong! .g to V the inhabitants were collected and repaired. ■ There were none belonging to the public.— Un the 11th of July a sufficient nu nber had ■ been collected to carryover abuu four him 11 di ed men. As the enemy was in ennsidera h ble force on the opposite bank, and as 1 could not carry over more than lour him-' d dred men at once, I thought it expedient f to draw off his attention, as much as ,»o» I fljsible, from the point wheie il was my in-j c |tention to cross. This point wisat Bloody; ’• Bridge, about a mile and a half above De j d troit. For this purpose I ordered all the! hjboats on the 1 lib, towards evening, to pass! ! jdowo I lie river, in sight of the enemy, amt u |(o continue below the town until dark and d then silently to return to the station at r » Bloody Bridge. This movement had the ' s desired effect. The enemy retreated in the '• night below Sandwich, and at day-light in the morning of tho 12th, the army passed I s the river, and landed without any oppose ,s lion. At a late meeting of the Royal Aeademv e * ot Medicine, of Paris, Professor Roux rea i ,r a memoir on the Suture of the Velum Pala ■“■j tinum, a most ingenious operation invented >■ a few years ago by that skill’ll surgecn, and J which lie has already put in practice twelve 11 times. The object of this operation is to *■ restore the free use of speech to those who : d ire deprived of it by the division of the tv- M him paintiman, a vice of conformation of -h the inside of the month, which is almost as > ommon as lahia leporina, or hare lip. m Uiiis invention is one of the most important " .ml useful that has been made in Mirgerv 1 within a considerable time ; and the reading d’ the Memoir,veiled tnc general applause e of the meeting. FROM THE MASSACHUSETTS YEOMAN. The writer of the following “ Sketch” has suffered his imagination to run forward fifty years, to depict the interest at that period, excited by the name of Lafayette. A SKETCH. CHILD. Who wa* FAYETTE, [opal father. Child, he was one Os those old patriots who helped to save Our country from the rujn that buna: o'er Her struggling infancy. He lived, when ho Whose story thou hast read so often, lived, Our own Great WASHING TON. It was a long Long lime ago. Their aged trees, these elms, That stretch their old, decaying branches o’er us, Were not then planted’, and that trembling spiru, And those gray columns where th“ ivy dings, Stand where the sullen wolf was prowling then. CHILD. So long ago ! Dost thou remember hirnT FATHER. No; but I've heard my father’s father tell id I many a time his tale. He knew him well, first he left his own delightful France 'o fight our battles. Y es, rnv daughter, then, .'hough less than twenty summer suns had shed Their light upon his brow-rt hough he was young; Though fortune smil'd upon his noble rirtb , Though pleasure woo’d him to her richest bowers, And love its blandishments around him Hung; Still, when he heard that, in our native land, Our fab rs then, a brave and injur'd race, Were striving hard against the oppressor’s power, And pouring out their blood at Freedom’s shrine ; When he heard this, he left his home, the scenes Where he had danced life’s golden hours away, And came to ai* them. Then our nation’s arm Was almost palsied by the weight it bore, liervoic** yet trembling between hope and fear, Greeted with joy the hero. His bright sword, 11. Id by a hand already nerv’d lor fight, And guided by a soul that fear’d no ill That man could thr ate/i, point I the way To death or triumph. Ann bes »re To cross ag tin the stormy wave that foils Its vast dark tide beyond us, and to meet Once more tne partn- rs of peaceful hours, He saw the in ittering el »uds <f Vir retire, And angel Peace and white-robed Mercy smile. CHILD. But, father, did he not come back again f I’ve heard thee say, that on when lie was old, When, like thy own, bis | ock< were gray with age, He came again, and that a itlle g rl, doling as myself, gave nim » wreath of flowers, And that he kiss’! her for i'. Vas it aq ? FATHER. ifter he left us, there were wars in France; Her noblest blood was spill Ike gushing water; And. j m’d in horrid compact, Anarchy And Ruin rul’.'. Through all this reigu of crime, Whether the idol of a nation’s love, Or chained by tyrants in a prison’s gloom, This great and good man still remained the same, The faithful friend of freedom and mankind. When years had passed, and lime had thrown its snow Upon his temples, the loud voice of love Called him to come, and tread mice more the soil Hi • youthful arm was lifted up to save. Oh ! what a scene must that bave bcen to him I Soon as his fool had gained our happy shores, The arms of an old Soldier who had fought Willi him, received him. The he could not speak, But tear< rolled do vn his furrowed .-hecks like raio, Four white and noble stecdsdiis chariot drew. He passed along, :iud every eye was wot, While Heaven’s leep vault rung with tli**. swelling shout Gs •* Welcoii ' Lafayette.v -From every roof, And every winJ-iw, kerchiefs white were waving, And snowy hands strewed all his path with flowers. The way was crowded with civic arches green And beautiful; while that fair banner, slarr’d And strip’d, wav’d, in the breeze. :uid proudly hung Its folds above h in, lettered with those names Where he had borne it, triumphing. He paused, And smiling bow’d to the v isi multitude. A brigiu-hair’d girl, with buoyant step, advanced, Wearing a ribbon with his portrait on it, And gave to him a garl md she ,i;»d twin'd. 'Twus made of flowers unfaded yet, and pure. Ami stainless as her own while bosom. Then He clasped the smiling cherub in his arms, And that sweet pledge of cbt dliood’i artless love Fill'd, as he kiss’d the girl, his eye with tears. Again ihe shout of joyful •* welcome” rose, And every hill returned the glad acclaim. From a London Journal of a recent date- Instructions to Novel Writers on the use of Ns MSS. Finding you canine be ton particular about names, the reader must be sufficiently aware ih.it ihe com non names to be found in the | Directory, such as Jones, Brown, Smith, | t'omj-kins, J.mk ns, Perkins, &c. are per ll'ectly auli •entimenial; and the only wav,to avoid plunging into so fatal an error, is ip !ring the changes on such names as Melville, ißelville, Delude; after whicti, by the ex I change of ilu !as; note you m ty form another (set, s'di is B Lord, Mel ford, Ddford ; al ways while you live attend to names. Juliet j $ • “ What's a name I II “A rose by any other name would smell as sweet" j Wrong—quite wrong! Juliet was in love, jand therefore disturbed in her ideas. The Chrisiian name of a novel hero, must • e Clinics or Henry; but 1 prefer Charles, bso do all the French dramatists and novelists Y»f the present time. There is no name so i sweet and mellifluous in all the volumes of I circulating iiispii ation.—John manifestly be longs to a oacmimi or a footman ; convert it intoJ.uk, .md observe the result—you in stantly conjure nim up without further trou ble tne p< rsonilication of a sailor. Again I combine it with the uretix Sir, and you re -1 present a gouty old Squire, who is at the I same time a justice of the peace, and inti mately acqu .lined with the game laws, and ■ the art of brewing strong October. Affix ijthe diminutive /••//, and you make it Johnny; ■ while drop the prefix, Sir, a;.d you create tiie (petted, till, family looby. Something of the same process occurs in the name of VVil- Miam—vViliwm is a confidential Secretary; ja modest youth, id st• tc t integrity. With the prefixed Sir, that is to say, Sir William, yon indicate old go d ale, blood hunters, ; an excellent pack of mu oils, and an unin i cumbered estate. Ja nes atm Tbumas must take their station in the kitchen; and Ky bert when the young lady takes an airing, may take bis gold-beaded cane, and placi » himself in the rear. Francis is a good name. f provided it be spelt Frank, because Frank , vividly suggests the idea of a young rattle brain and careless But oh! my worthy pupils in the mysßc art of novel writ ing, carefully, most carefully, avoid the names of Peter, Nathaniel, Joseph, and Job. Obadiah is a Quaker, as Hezekiah cannot avoid being a Methodist. As to Christopher, you might as well admit Beelzebub to privi lege as him. Again, there is Jeremiah— who out of bed|ain wpuld think of Jxwuiiah fur a hero? better were it to dissolve Nico demus in fine emotions, and melt Moses or Mocd acai in sentimental sorrows. The same distinction holds with regard to female names. Betty is an intriguing cham ber-maid ; make the name Betsey, and you convert the character into a smart, pert lit tle grissette. The same graduated assent of dignity may be traced from Dully, the dairy maid, through Dorothy, the maiden aunt, up to Dorinda, the heiress and fine lady. But Eliza ; oh, there you have at once a sen timental heroine; whilst Elizabeth, wilh the prefix Lady, is always an Earl’s daughter ami Right Honourable. As to Susan, you can make nothing of the wench whatever above the rank of a laundry maid; but Lucy is of higher rank—something between a cousin and a younger sister; make the name! Lucinda, and the girl may pass for a third rate heroine, and do man under plot. De borah is only passable as a maiden aunt. * Grace, Temperance, and Prudence, must! be kept at a proper distance by any one t who knows what’s what. Polly, Jane, Bar- | bara Rebecca, Sarah, confine them all with out mercy to the servants’ hall. No per- ' son, who has the feelings of sentiment above } a cheesemonger, or a butcher, or a blacking- ! maker, would think of weeping over the vul- t gar woes of such sentimental names. | But, oh ! what tears, what tender agonies, what weeping, wailing, and gnashing of teeth hat handkerchiefs are steeped, anil what ( pillow cases are drenched with the delirious > woes ol Belinda, and the blissful torments | of Clara, Anabella, Rosa, Matilda, Ilenriet- ( ta a d though last not least (in love) Maria. , T.iosu heart rending appellations, defy the 1 iron nerves of barbarity itself to withstand. ( An Eastern Nabob, a black fleshdealer, a hungry usurer, a Smithfield drover—nay, ( even i scalping M di.iwk, or New Zealand cannibal, would drop the exercise of their • pmfessio i to weep and sympathise wilh 1 Emily or Isabella, Gertrude, or Geraldine. < i The foil >wing Extract of a letter from an | intelligent gentleman in New-York, to his friend in this city, exhibits a flattering state ment, of what is at present ihe flourishing conditi m of that great metropolis, and what ' may be expected in the course of a few 1 years. —City Giiz. New-York, 26th March, 1825. ! “ To give you an idea of the increase of business in this place, I will merely say, ( that from the press ol business at the Custom House, it has been found necessary within ' the last week to appoint fen additional in spectors : a,pretty good indication of what is going forward. In addition to these things the plans of internal improvement, which are in agitation, render it impossible 1 for those even who are accustomed to cal- 1 culating the advantages to be derived from ! the sources which they open, to form an ad- 1 equate idea ot the height and grandeur to ’ which this metropolis will in the course of a * few years arrive. “ First come, first ser- * veil” is an old saying, and it seems to be the * actuating proverb, for the increase of our * population is only to be equalled by that of 1 our wealth and trade. There is not a va ■ cant spot of ground it seems to me within ( f the limits of the city, on which an improve- ' merit or building is not contemplated, and (. it is calculated that during the ensuing year | 1 there will be between four and five thou ( sand new buildings erected. Hundreds have already been commenced and notwith standing all this, rents are immoderately , high. In the coyrse of a few years, the j wealth of nearly the whole commercial part of the Union will be concentrated in this place, and there is no other place under the , heavens, hardly excepting London, which will in the course of no very distant period, t be equal in magnificence to the old Dutch port of New-Amsterdam, which 100 years since, was hardly marked on a map.” > New Mode, of Conveying the Mail!-—A ■ writer in the Glasgow Mechanic's Maga '■ zint suggests a plan for the transmission of > letters through pipes, similar to the gas or • water-pipes. The letters would be enclos • ed in hollow balls, and empelled by forced 1 currents of air created by small steam-en ■ gines. The post-master at each station 1 t would have to receive the ball, add or take I ■ out letters, and commit it to a new line of • pipes, to be impelled to the next town. The i principle of the forced air may be under- • ■ stood (says the writer in the Glasgow ,\Te ■ chanie's Magazine) by those who have no • (iced the mischievous power which boys I exert with pea-shooters, ’ A man midwife in Ireland, was knighted j by the Duke of Rutland, when he was Lord Lieutenant of that country. The Duke was in the habit, when drunk, of knighting every ’ one that struck his fancy. The Irish mid wife even thought himself entitled to higher ’ honours, as appears by some verses he com -1 posed on the occasion:— •• H is Grice lias made of me a knight— I should have been a Lord by ri~ht; An 1 then the Indies* erv would be. O Levi ' <i car Lard ! deliver ire " CONSTITUTIONALIST. AUGUSTA: TUESDAY. APRIL 12. 1825. At an election for Mayor and Members of Council, held on Monday last, the follow ing persons were chosen, the votes were for Mayor : w. W. HOLT, 334. J. HUTCHINSON, 121. For Members of Council. UPPER WARD. A. MOORE, 11. BOIVDHE, W, B. THOMAS. MIDDLE WARD , S. HALE, B. H. WARREN, J. MOORE. LOWER WARD. W. C. DILLON, J DANFORTH, J. HOLLINSUEAD. What might have been expected.— Gene nil Jackson denies, under his own hand, the conversation attributed to him, at Washington, Pennsylvania, which has made so much noise of late. It is a piti ful business to be forging sentiments for public men. The author of this report may he vet discovered and exposed ; and if so, will enjoy the blessed reward of those, who commit the meanest acts, with the least temptation. The General’s friends may, perhaps, dis cover in this abortive attempt to injure him, ■dgns of a “ persecuting” spirit in his op ponents ; and all who oppose him, will be classed with the author of this forgery. Such, we expect will be the construction of that discreet editor, who superintends the Washington Gazette. We would suggest to that gentleman the use of a little more moderation, and a little more candor. We can inform him that many, who do no* choose his new favorite to be President of these United States, neither encourage false hood nor cherish baseness. — o(o® The state of Kentucky is truly in a most deplorable predicament. The trial of their Governor’s son has set them in an uproar, and the abolition of (heir court of appeals has kindled a contest, that will blaze for years. \A hen the Legislature attempt by the strong arm of power, to,put down the Judiciary, it is time to expect trouble. M essrs. Editors, . From tiie excitement which exists at present, in relation to the staple article of our State, and the large amount of Capital involved, it may not be amiss to ascertain, if possible, upon what grounds speculation is now' predicated—and to this effect the following estimate, prepar ed without reference to any individual in terest, and from the most authentic availa ble data, may possibly afford some interest, to many of vour readers, to whose scruti ny it is confidently submitted. It is as you will perceive, intended to embrace the supply and consumption of the whole world : Consumption of Cotton in 1824. * In Great Britain - . 668,446 France, - 246 95S Switzerland, . . so’ o o o Rest of -Europe, N. W, of Sax gny, viz. Hamburg, Antwerp, } Bremen & Amsterdam. 5 60 * 000 Austria by wayjjf Triest, not known United States in 1825. 1)0 000 Increase in England and France 10 per cent or 912,40 1.183,644 SUPPLY. " in Great Britain Ist Jan uary 1825. 233,352 In all ¥ ranee 47 194 In other parts of Europe, it is known that the stock was so inconsiderable as to make it scarcely an object of notice— allow however, 5000 United States—old crop 15 000 „ v _ 150.000 Virginia & N. Carolina, 60,000 Alabama & N. Orleans, 250 000 Sea Islands, 20,000 *There were export last year of Up lands—from Savannah 142,556 from Charleston 127,794 270,350 From this deduct the low est estimated decrease in the present crop of the two States, South- Carolina and Georgia, 35,000 nii ~ 235,350 England received last year from tiie Brazils W. I,ld 'es 169.785 France “ “ 16,990