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sOffinaf Papers* Gov. Troup tu the J*rtaidant. KxKCirnvu i)ecaiitmi.nt, Geo. 5 J\[lUedgrVlfir, 7th ■ -luguet, 1825. 5 Siu— The idler of the Secretary of Warol the 18;h M ty, introducing to this guy. rnmem M«j >r G ;o. G liiiea, and Maj t Andrews, me agents of (be United States, to enq ore into the causes of ut laic Indian disturbances —to adjust the differences subduing between ltic Indians, and to enquire in to ihe c induct of the Agent for 1 tdiau Affairs, re e>m nended them as officers, distinguished for ability, prudence and discretion. Tney were re ceived and treated accordingly. With the con duet of the one, you li ivc n , n already made ac q isiotcd—with lliai of lie olner it remains lor m to place you in possession. In he several conferences held with (Jen. Gaines on h Hr .t arrival I received repealed assuranc from Inn of friendly disposition.—ol upright in tendons —H h eed in from all k.u lof bias or pie jiuln e wlncii could mislead ms judgmem, or inHu mice his decisions on any of the tuples which, i the execution of his trust, rnigh' present them selves for discussion. It- lyi g implicitly on the sincerity ol these dedarm ms I .logon ami regard ing (Jen. Gaines as an u m i able and dis; ileres e i arbiter between U»e United Slates, Georgia, ail the Indians, and so conlinu I to regard mn uuii a short lime before his insulting leleroi the UMi ult. was received ut ilus Department. It was im possibie tor this G ivermn ■ it not to r • |>. 1 that i • suli With indignation, file chief magi Inne in Ins ollicial message to the 1. gi '..itu.e it 1 luted . x jihcitly lliai Md itosli anu li .eh et. ii id g-ven Ui ir consent to the suvi-v, and in -vi,j.> i lo' diissta - incut the letters ol Mclntosh wer. exmhded wi n bis name sun crihe 1 m lu> own hin I, m win h(n . Gaines had In 1 information N v r iu.-h-s, th. certificate ol an In lian chid who nad d r-. dtr ~n th ; Mclntosh -ar y, and il a wb.te man ol w.i m Gen Gainer linn-.. It'd >t. m : pretend in I. ;nw any thing, is procured todi ci :dn ihestat m lofib Governor, a id to exhibit linn hes ire the pub >c - llie dupe o! tbe vilest and sh i I iwesl imposture , and in his solicitude to accomplish ihis lie Urg n that it is the consent given by Mclntosh and bis duel's to the survey winch on Ine information o. the agent, yon have taken tor granted to be llie sole cun -e of all die disturbances in the Nad m, and upon which you h ive recently issued the moat ol tensive orders to this gov- rumen connected wuh that survey, an lin your last on even denounced military vengeance against those who shall a temp*, to carry it into cx-cutinii—When ti n. (James is rebuked in the mildest lang-uge which the unpro. yoked in,ult wonl-1 admit of, he presents himself again before Ihe puhfe in a loiter indulging in m .st intemperate abuse nl all die constituted autbm ities of a soVercg i stale, a d of the gr a body ol i s people, and which In causes to he publish d ahno.v aw l* henirc il was rec iv dal ilu, I) opartimii'. With rqjard to toe first letter of G u. ti lines’ lo winch 1 have called your attention, he d .es u t seem to have been c intent wall address* 'g a letter so exceptionable lo llie li ad of tins Government Me assumes the authority to order us publica tion, on the allegation id mine prepended and un defiued m.il ciom falsehoods in circulation, an v.ii, m he makes the fuun ialion of an appeal to lot puulic—an appeal mon censor ide than that tm winch the gallant and memo, i ms I* n r is imw answering betore a Court Mumal assembled by ynur ord r. inasmtion us die latter only d lend hini.scl against inculpatory charges made by .us own government, whilst llie lormer who wa bound bv qual respect n tins G ivernment doe not pretend that any c larges ol any I ind liad been prefened ny n agilnst im —lt i i i litis lett r too that (Jen. Gn i i>os a1 o into tlio shock g cx- Uavagau col as.erling what nob nly cm bill v. that ttie M lut.ish puny winch ina •. die in st tonillluted but a fiftieth pan ol he N lien; and t w i m i h>- stun • letter made known olli .'.nmy lo tin guvi in m n that he llfttl in ipdy coiicladrd a p c - hr.ill on ol Hu- India .s when at tliat tiiniu Mil h Was its ream e from l e pac lion 1 on . s he ever h d •'■M'li, ut will’ll be.H 1 mV v n wit. lin Ilia passing hour received tin: must incontestable evidence, till regard to the second leit r, iij'/the 2d . ult winch now lust I a n writing, ha ~ I t 111 li .1 time been put into mv hands a .1 atm s a w • .. after n j publication, 1 have l> re nick, hat tin h.s lory of diplomacy will not furnish u parallel, - marked w til indiscretion, in rm,< ranee, tie in ra -j disrespect, anti llie outrage ot all decency (Jen. Gaines forgets ad well what lie owe; to ins own gov Foment ns lo this,—Mia duty to you re quired ui'ii to show respect to this gov rnmeni in all hii intercourse with it, li in tint intercourse he had found in > s 11 wronged or aggrieved t.y the authorities here, it was not all nved him lo take redres.i into his own li.mds, upon representation to you, you were cunpeiem in d cide Hi nature and the i xteut it die injury he nail rec. ivcd, an,, of the i\ dress in <st stuta. dr toil, lie would not cmdi le die exercise oi dns trivil g 1 lo you, no doubt questioning your finiess ir discretion for such matters, hut cause t > r ■ y on his xvn dexteri ty and pr iwess He writ- sam mg other inings ot the “mangnant villainy” which iia. been exten siv dy practiced on mo credulity oi many ol the go id ciuxcns ot Ge rgia ami other Sla es in refer ence to the Indians and die treaty. A charge, so vagn • Ci-.nol h ■ easily u (iei'slo id, much less dis tine ly answered. Prc-su.p smg it to bedirected again.l tbe solhnrilies of tins Slate and to he in .ill respects in , who made G.merai Gaines the Judge to pa s lies cm dcmuHtory sentence on the co duct id 'll sc a-ttburides? I had been understood t.,al you bad r served to yi urs.dt tins power and Ilia Ge i. Games wss liere only as ynur ag nil In coll ct the evidences upon wiiich dial power was to be exercised. He proceeds to make another reference lo the certificate of the India Chief and the white man ; reiterates the expression id nulim teal confidence in the vei acuy of Marshall, eulogizes him as am mg the most worthy ol the 'me ud.. treaty making party,” and cornea again to thccone u-i m ttiai llie Cine Magistrate ol Georgia and others are nut tn be credited agiuist the cer ffic.ue ol nicu nspec table persoi.ag ~ Uitliiu tins hour 1 have receiv cd the testimony d die Chi els of l le tnendlv par ty vnluntirily given •• lliai the statement of Joe Marshall to G. n. Gaines is false,” aid 1 enclose you du c ■ rl l ti ate of my ex ness, a . mol tan' vsl character and undnuhled veracity msaus.y yon dial Marsiuli has added fals houil to treactic y. In un> part ol nis letter lie lakes oceaaon t > mamtesi tu resentment toward th, friend* ol Meliiiosii, hecuils then'. ” I tie nr.lr (may iiuhint f parti,,” then again "thevata.il thuja uj . iL /it u>it ” and que-umis then' right t > ,ve . iT'mis.im. to make the survey, vi hit a d spas innate and impartial empire is this Gene ra' ii.ii.iv; one would have suppose i that consu l i g the uiagnanm i y of a soldier. .1" he departed tr m lie li eof m-in antj at all tic w ould tie toumi at llie head o' the weaker, die mnoceiu ami inju cd party. Hut tile Gem-ial cunsuHuig the belie pan of valor a ,d counting die odds against linn a fifty to one, throws him.ell into the ranks of th. stronger party and thus commends himself again t, I you or tlie discretion which juu (md given nim in! advance. The General is correct in one of his p i-iiiun* and being in the rigid home f he puts you in it: wru g, and so conspicuously that you stand on (iu • , C '. ' ' * insulated eminence an almost solitary advocate for making and breaking treaties at pleasure. Gen. i,allies says, “ tiie treaty, no matter how proem •d, had become a law ol the land,” Sic. £*c. 11 na i said lo the council at Broken Arrow that Ui treaty could not lie annulled, and ,;ius. be carrie into affect, £tc. Jko. 1 his is good sense. I'liefl oefore yesterday I received your letter, in wire you say (Jen. (James having informed you that in ti eaiy havi g been obtained by intrigue and ireacn cry, it will Lie relerred to Congress for re-consid. ration, lien. Games tell* llie Indians dial uu tie y lias ever yet been annulled. You say Hus ire iy siiall be made ai exception to all others; an ipon llie inlormation received from Genera Gaines. (Je-neral Gain s proceeds to manifest his respec. and c implaisance tor tile Chief alagistraie of a ' overeign stale, by infor mug linn Inal ‘ he nai i b en greatly deceiv d by persons in whose tionm ( ie lae d r iia. cc, bu who were unworttiy ot nis | c> h lenc.,” tnus tak.ng upon hiniseifllie respon i s b iuy to Uecid foi lue Chief Magistraie one ol Uu 1 ilost delicate ol ul questions connected With gov | eiTinient and sovereignty, vz: the question woo , are wortny ol tius,, and who among me public ser 1 wants arc or are out emit td to his confidence, i ' a little lime, sir, wuh y ,ur countenance uud en , courage men i, Gui Gii.es would nave dictated uu 1 ippniiilmeiits lo odice in ihiss at , ana may be, trie j 1 ast hesitancy or repugnanc, to comply with sue., •lie aiion, would be subdued by a parade ol Umteo st.,its tro ipa. Ait, r qu ui .g a maxim, that ” the King can do 0 wrong,” ami ■ xpu ialmg on the m.uul excnl I nee ol truth, and ner indiscriminate uabi.utiun at in ' pal. e ami me callage, 'ne pluugn a d the On i cau or stale, wi ll die wanderers oi die wild ru s ant Hie timest but unfortunate <i ot is, oi ,n i . men I cannot iov hi lie oi m - u iJevstand 111 appi.Cali ui, m icu lost th; farrago w.xii ,ol(ow-. i io ml suKie uu,.y i gardi .g iiiouey a little mure an l i.Ulu a nt'.ie cmdiliou ol desplsaU poverty aid luxuries ol pd iu »ered weailli, Ike. Stc. auu | wmcb is . qualiy uuni elngioie. i lun Game* is scarcely more disiinci a.id utleili- , giole wnen in passing a measure cumpliment a i puinoii o( tiie c uzeus of Georgia, lie proteases t,' i r,. y mi tne wiado n, i istice a d patnolisai ot a, u-ast nine leiulis of those with Wnuin he lias toe . pf asurc ol an acq u .nance,” many ot w.loin are cmli ami's of the .and ; mid men again lllat *• me .u.l.v n il's i c in : ui/cimunline ptluira of llie Um.n. against wlncii the angry vapouviug, paper squibs i o ihi little and tne gnat iLmuij agues of all eouml'ie 1 nay continue 1,, b lined io,' liUiidreda ot cen I iuries “wiiuoul eiiUaugei'ing me noble edifice” s cs.c. &t'. Ah oi wuieu may be intended io convey . ume meaning aim a,lmu o. rea ,y explaiucfou uy tanner I names, tmi WU 11 1 a:.»U e on, is al t mgetuer abuve my eoinprelieusion, a Cue General soun beeuiii.'S a utile ill ire expi. s cu, when be says "liiere is in >a orgia u small c as n men wti i, lute the •• Holy Alliance,” i/i uiess m . mploy them elveo in the laudable worn ol en n lightening and governing all Oilier classes ot ilia t c mimuiiily, bu, whose moors consist o. vam ana r luring • (lul ls lo prove that tne h„m oi .rum is i I ue lound on y wuli the patsy lo Wiuen uiemse V' - . e-j>eciiVoiy bet uiig, aii.l li at all uuiers go wro g - I'any, Sir—An ug ii .epiesentmg '.lie gu ... | m ill oi l'ie U.nled Slates betore mo g' V ~:.ue .1 I ul Ge ugia, addi "ssing to tue ciuet magi.'i'.t. i iie stale all llic.al paper, ill wii.cii dtyoan , i' lie stale ut parties, tue wrucr places In in - t uie sale ol the one party, a ul fuuiiiua.es a de .ia im a anisl llie o her, Cray, sir, suffer ihi s ;|.K ■VI j. Gen. Gaines reee.veil sp enn ,in.ru i nous at yuur nauJs so tu dep us turns ii, to pry i - lo the slate ol parties, tu find ut me lelaiivv i sir ugtu ol them, io fiiace Uunsell on the side oi j ,ue a.ronge* gi. mg to it aid, couiitenau e mid co - ip ran ,a id imm dus strong ml Itu i sue iuso 1 iu ana uemac agamsi the otuer, throug'u die Go ■ rnor ui tin si.ue; tuns direc ly mteniiedlmg u. t nui local p li ,cs and availing limtself ol our u • u»ppy divis o s o maun die exasperations u> par ->y yet more bit ter. Gen. Games ill not pe in sus lo mistake Inin. He proc ,ih to call Hie ~ar .1 t'Gular party to w.iidi lie ns uppos.d, die 4< one < ri d uuigiiieiiing class;” m aiinth r place lu i is uk. in " tue small ci iss.” - file nppnrlimiti, , n >.eu. Games to iiitorm lumself of tiie siaie a., t i.u' ies m (, orgni hive been no doubt in.cn • f ilia i nn: e, Widen have indeed b en very i,m - ed, hu I have in i e ges, rat y heard fr m m .. belter infaisnen dial t i relative sticng li ul pai i . s was s.n .ewhat d.lf tent tisun Hu. General's s Hint e oi u ; lie s.a ms tu liuve adopted lie sa y.e i.do o. e .uni r'. under the same opucal vlelu “ni ai m i asur.ng die sirengin ot tbe Indian , arues to ..ave ui, ived at the Very grainyi. g c jii clusion teat me uiuiencai st.'e g Ii was in the pm (jortioii > f id to I—undoubtedly a very incorrect s at.einent. fins liiccr took umbrage at my request to per nit the Commissioners n the part ol ttie Sta.e . i act in Irn ndly couc ti with him in making Ins investigations for the discovery of truth ; way he 1 ddso I cannot conjt cture. I his however was 1 laved hy without notice, as was Ins subs que a 1 refusal to admit them to a participate i ot the ' (Jouncils ui matters involving interests ol Georgia, a His indiscretion in declaring betore tue Council n Bt' -keii Ar ow, tliat if tne mgregated world were lo contradict tne Chief Yob to, ne would n.l believe it. ha - b n nl; ady noticed in llie let- a ler wnicli 1 last had .he lion ir lo addiess to you '• it is upon the authority of this Chief, ul Hambly « - epresented to be one of the most infant us o men and of the Ag at ol l .dian affairs, that you have com • lo tin c uciusioii to return the treaty ' to C mgr. ss or revision, it having been procured v by intrigue and treach ry Gen. Games is rep. Tied to me to have said iu ‘ he presence of one oi ttie Conimissioticrs on the. t P>rt ol me State Hint il twenty three stales out ot wenty four were in pronounce tue Agent gudiy 11 he w uld not i),li ve tiietn. u G. n. Gam s .as oee.i g lilty of the cliialisn in- • disc elion nl ihreatening .o cut ■ If the heads or s ais nl citize is ot Ge rgia wim Happened to ol a lend him, as it you had g.v.n hi n ms sword tor t is special service. Uu indeed ir, it is tugii (• l.me to dismiss the subject of this otlicer. In iiiaiiitaiinng correspond'' ice with tiie gov ( eminent of the U St«u», 1 have nut permitted a ■•ny false considerations ot dignity or any false ts t mute ol forms and c. mines which umaih 1> govern diplomatic uu, re urse between States to * interpose the least difficulty ; so far from it i 11 , uve cheerfully descended-to me level .1 every lung which it pi. as d you m i m iloy ut any turn y o.ir Ueprts n.auve or organ, from the Clerk* h it y mr bure.ms, up to y our Major General by f Brevet, and liuve acted and uvaled liitin a d equals. j In the deportment of some of these 1 1 ave ex [> nenced arroga ice, sell suti cieney, a bang it\ and conlemp u JUS carnage, n .d a most msuiliiig n ei lerence with our toe d politics, and Hk*'. I > characteristics not exh bited to one but to all , . tne c mslituled a ithoiilica . | th. S'ate. Now sir ’> lUller nie in e mcliMuu to ask if tnese tilings ' .ave been d >ne in virtue of your instrnc.io is t > iiitcss dor implied or by authority ot any warran i It mi you whatsoever, and if nni s done, whctli ■; j j you will sanction and adopt ii ■ii asy. ur nui a . i has hold yoursdi resp msiale to tiie gayer neiit of Georgia. i He per ii iced sir, that whenever hereafter you shall think proper, not deceiving yuurse.ves ui us, to send gentlemen to represent you before us government of the character given to trios. iy the letter ot the Secretary of War, of the 18i 'lay, they will be received and respected as oih e;i s of the t,enerul G ivermnent would be by e most Ir.endiy States of the Union. With great consideration. G. M. TUOUP. t'he President of the United Stales, CEK TIKIC ATE. I was einjiluyed by hi. Exoullency Governor Troup, as bear • r ot an express lo Gen. «v u. Mclntosh, requesting Ins assent, .uni that ol the chiefs, lo the survey of the land by Georgia, . Ilely ceded at the Indian Springs. After proceeding into the > alion, Joseph Marginal! and vV’illiain Edwards accompanied me lo Mclntosh s house. Alter delivering tue express lo Mo lolosh J was informed by Melnlosh that fie fiad called a meet ing ol the chiefs on the following Sunday, which was the 10th ol April, Marshall and Edwards were both present when llm conversation look place. M informed me, (acting as In terpreter,) that when the duels were convened and their wish es consulted, that General Mclntosh would advise the Gover nor of it ; and observed lo me in the presence ol Mclntosh, that lie himself had no objection to the survey of tue land, and that it would be an advantage lo the Indians for the land to be sur veyed lor they could then dispose ol a great deal ol their pro visions to them, and that alter 'he present crop was made, they could sell out their improvements and be ready next spring lo set out to the new country. Marshall informed me at the tune, that Mi Intosn requested him lo slay to .he talk, but he said il was not necessary, a# his consent was then given. Marshall and Edwards and myself set off together, and se veral times during our journey, Marshall Manifested his entire approbation of the measure of survey mg the land, and uoserved that he had no douot, but Inal the chieis would assent 10 the survey when they met, which would be on in- iUlh ol .vpnl. JES6EE IMtUS.'sEK. J\l lUeUgcViUe, 2d Jiu g. 1U25. Governor Troup to the President, Kx .ciriiVK Ukl-au . muxt, ? Jlfil'edtjLvide, -oi/i duty, id2o. 5 bm—ln cutiiiiiu ic.i. gme report ot the Gom mr-sioncr-. o i.,e b‘4 e, appoint' d under resoiu ■ ai, j. me L gid-ilure, to take teotiinony m iU< nsc ot t ,c .»g it t. r Indian Affairs, and to in veiitigaie ill ,-auses ot the late ms, urbaucea i t >e Creek N-lion, it ungiit be more sausiacior. >i you o receive il Without Comment. The re put may mdee.. be said lo carry .viib it n, owi. c iiiirtienlaiy ; nevertheless a few remarks el ic. dalory oi cer-ain pails oi it not easily understo ti oy persons removed iioin me scene oi actio. , may not be deemed objectionuoie. I tlimk ironi ine conical oi die report, but oik mipreosi m will be inode upon every lair and uu > asjed ininu—lliat wlialcver may nave been ti. motives winch governed the conduct ot it n s ellts on the part ot Hie United Slates in uak; >; ■ e late investigations in tlie Nation, ibe u->ut, ’■ diosc invesiiguions have been snmi as to wur ranl a b die! mat if the motives bad iota tin oppress, ,n, and not the deve'opctru ,k oi nun i other resuii* cimd have followed. — fne re o-ai ol itac Missionaries (after much ot paltering and prevarication) to verny tljeir ststem s t lain or allinnation, , ie more re, ,m ■ , it is be.ieved that , ■ same in - ■ in. ■ mi Id or 2b months ig , w qui .o suto crioe a pupn at in,, a 1 a cia .4 a .gainst iii - ■...,. v »uic.i Ms ,ve b ensui ncten, to re uof '. afr ■ a.,,, which itiey wont hav.; sot •> .*.?•' o. .heir alts —Now • |l ' g oi e.i.g ou> etl of in n -i , , rried into elfea, they "" kv - ’ m th me Agent, to rupture I ,i wear or amrra to noilinig , “I' i terror of Lewis induced by -I Hie friends of me Agent, aim mined ii in to withhold his testimony vemuai llig.it to avoid giving it, a.lcr res had h en taken to coerce him will uc .clem perhaps to satisfy you how very man ,nci .us to me views ol the Commissioners was t ,e s.ule ol things prevailing ill .he nation. —The me hope of brcaamg die treaty, and of minr cnnmg t-icir looting there united one and ail ol inem, tlie red man, and the white man, the Christ ian and .lie Heathen, in a common bond of in - res,, and a common course oi action. Ihe examination of llantbly, die Inlerpretei md confidential Inend oi tue Agent, lormally re por'ed to you by your own Commissioners as a h'Se and unaordly teli ;w, was distingu shed tnr ns irregularity,—Tlie object of that exa nnatio ■vas to lay a broad foundation lor tne rupture o, the treaty, by sb wing it to be the offspring u. oribery and corruption, and tlie most enormously totted c mlnvunces, and lo traduce the cba.a '■r.-ianddts redit the testimony ot some of tne nos. respectable men amo ,g us. How bad in is mat cause be wb cli would employ such an instru ■ n n to accomplish sucu a purpose. Wnen Y diolo, a principal chief in the council, lude a talk derailing circumnances connected with tne late negotiations at the Indian Springs oi. Wd .ainson, one of Hie Commissioners, wno vas present and who bud a.,so been a close ob ■erver of occurrences at tlie Springs—.aid m Gen. Games tuat be know of Ins own knowledge lie statements ol Yoa ilo lo be fal-e, the General isw .red that lie would not beiieve the cungre gated world it i. were to say so. Now you wit lave an opportunity of seeing that these stare uitdts of tlie India i chief are in direct cuntradic Hun to the statements of the Commissioners o die United Stales and their Secretary, ol Cot »Villiamion himself, of all the Inendly chiefs a d ol every respect ble whiteman who was pre s lit at the indu.li springs. Ine retusal ot General Gaines to permit a se i rate exammat.un ol tlie ciiiefs in his presence, as the only inode of cxlrac mg tlie truth, and al ter Having more tba . once promised it, is as un accountable as it was unexpected. it is understo,id ilia tlie Indians could produce i i law authorizing the execution ol Mclntosi . Vet Gen. Games must have taken lor granted th.. existence of such a law, lor lie passes by tlie murder as justifiable homicide.— the wtiole bo dy n| evidence as you will see completely dis proves tne existence of the law. Idle reiusal of Gen. Games to admit the Com missioners ..I Georgia as such, lo a participation of t ie Indian councils in all matters touching the -Uteresis of Georgia, was a Wrong done lo the state, and an indignity offered lo its constituted authorities, Idie interdict put upon onr Commissioners by Gen. Gaines to announce to me Inuians accord ig to their ms ructions the resolution ot tins Government to make the survey, and to repre s in lo them l ie harmiessness and innocency ol he act, whilst the General announced the reso lution of ins own Government to pr vent, it Wus * lurther wrong done tne .-date and a disrespect manifested of the authority wlnca gave that in rue.io i. A gentleman of dear intellect, pu e morals, honorable character, and g.eal prudence, is se i- ci d by die G .vernor to hold a aik with the In duo- —He performs tba duty -—makes his report, and that report is a nee discredited on the nak d word d the Indians. General Mc.ntosii ur tes three several let ers 0t *e Governor, stioscrib ,d by ms jwj proper hand, giving bis aig.nl m .he survey of tne coun .»• , lie friendly duets, d i-half iuc tided, r-- p. ate iiy assure the G vernor that th y, me and 1 , consent to the survey. —A certificate is ob ; uned iro.ii mis sane dar-natl, an t a wimcmaii to prove tba General Mclntosh relused his as ent Gen. Games .mule uaieiy con.es to the conclusion that bis assent was ii. v r given, fne adm.ssion of Ire emt uumcation with th. I idians to every other description ot net's m and the denial ot it to the tacorgi i C>m utsstoo ers, was a Isrther wrung done lo Gcoi'gia. e Indeed sir, it would appear from the reports of . the Commissioners that all or any description ol estimony would be willingly received on the one I s.de, and particularly that description of it which y would exculpate the Agent—excuse tlie hostile Indians, prevent the survey of the land, or effect the abrogation of the treaty—and that on the o thcr side, every thing was to be discredited or received at best, with many grains of allowance, and every act or proceeding of the Commission ers of me United Slates, or of the consaluteu r t -minorities ot the slate, resolved into corruption and depravity. " When Gen. Gaines states in one of his letters m the Governor that the hostile party ou.num i i red the Iriendly, in the proportion of some ti tiling nke fifty to one, it is not ea>y to under land him —lt it be true as tlie General seems to . believe that lie lias pacified and reconciled the 1 wo parties, there is no longer any Mclntosli par ‘J y.— Hut il the General means there was any r- -ucli disproportion between die strength ol th. >- parties, wlinsi Mclntosh lived lie is widely mis- ken. It Mclntosii Had survived to lus moment, s , the probability is his party would have been it sir.mgesi. Suffer me to add a few particulars which mike the condition of tlie friendly parly, most pitiable. ■I Independently of no atonement being olfered lor 1C me blood of Mclntosh, the money according to me c instruction ot the treaty is taken from the pockets of the wives, children, brothers an., friends of Mclntosh, and paid over to tlie hostile chiefs, who murdered nim contrary to every principle oi justice and stipulation ot treaty, as if you intended it as the reward of gallant and meritorious acts commanded by yourselves. And this the Iriendly chiefs cannot bu f feel most deep y. Nobody acquainted with Indian charac . ter can ever believe that im Ga nes wit make either a sale or per ant. p i,;.i cation tin . ii - the offering of blood ft, blood, has ( tilled die . law and the usage of the country,—An ‘•"heme , -.il peace nuy be utched up by mroe o; *ace, hut ephemeral .-I be, making in ti ,id tne i catastrophe tl n ~-e bloody. t had wmt n you of a certain persontage of the j State 'if • Carolina having intermeddled in , . tms ma . ordi,,g t*. imormation, commant- ( - cite : i .1 submit.ed to you ; there is a i«ig ctia < nr ho,alive ciicutuslances as 1 you will see, to establish* the (acts there alledgeu ii i ranniiig (hr the entire ma>s of evidence, t’he obj ci ■ njoubtedly was the annutlmeiu ol . tne treity. tv 1 ,,.,- t. .every or sally may suggest with if s o disannull the tteaiy, will ol conrse 1 ‘ceded at Washington, but indeed sir, I ve mtiuli d„uut, unless you bate 1 ,oked with a ci niziog eye to the history of this in tier, f runner some ol the self interested oppugoers '• the treaty' may not leid you into error. Tile . idea ilnt tlie maj nity ol the enure Greek nation b is alone competent to make a treaty, is tiie most fallacious that c mid be entertained ; it is so tar ! rorn true in the general that unless by merest ac i/ ctdi nt it never happens lo be true in any paruen 1 l<r You have only to turn to the no es of Uoi. ( lawkins, whose authoriiy you cannot dispute, io 2 >e satisfi U ihit acc ird ~g to tne law., and us. . ges of tne nation tne m ist important pubi c at ( a.rs involving vital intere-ls are determined nm a iy a tn.ij arity but by a minority and frequentt; very small minority of the na ion. lu tlie whole , onrsa ot Itis long residence ammg them, be ne - ver knew even the most popular war concurred , in by a majority and all authorities, and alt cu i, !',m will prove to you that with regard lo to most important of their national acts, having re - lation either to peace or war, Uoweta must take 1 me lead. If a treaty be signed by the Cnufs id . hiweta it is considered good—if not sig ed by . them, good for nothing, Georgia was settled in 12—lu ’-13 or ’34 the first trea:y with the Creek i was held, then 1 think in ’36 and again in '39 toe Uowetus are always foremost. TiuirUoun ~ oils are almost invariably hulden on the (Jowet. r ground, and Gen, Oglethorpe paid them his fus visit there. Hence it is stated in the evidence itat Mcluto h had the power to sell the who. , e uintry, and hence the great efforts made to pre vail on the old Coweta Chief, U omne I’usten uuggee not to sell the country —efforts wh.cit ucceeded at Hrokeu Arrow ; but this old and tli '..ted Chieftain came to me afterwards, as you read in the documents, to ssy he had been de ceived by the bad white men and wus opposed io , sa le at Broken Arrow, l» it then his eyes w.-re : i ipened, and he would follow the advice of his i Father the President, and sed the ia ids. , Having made this recapitulation and commen tiry, permit ms to subjoin that for the gratifies turn ot a few mercenary and sordid characters in . the Indian country, you threaten the m st fl. 1 grant injustice to Georgia, lu tlie country to i,t surveyed within the limits of Georgia, none i.r , very few ot tlie hostile party reside, and every . one of the opposite party seek tlie survey as « ' measure of convenience and interest. The stir , vey will in the fi'st instance extend no farther i West titan the Chaiahoochie, the act of the i. - g, slat it re leaving it discretio ary with tlie G iv ernor to run to tliat river before tlie boundary ' line between Georgia and Alabama shall have 1 . b en ascertained. Having correspond d with tin l , Governor of Alabama upon this subject am! re- , . cstved his assurance that the Legislature of thai ' . S ate will immediately on its meeting in Novem ber, cordially co-operate with Georgia in running 1 tile line, and there being difficuliy in ascertaining I the precise point at which that line will cam me nee ; tlie running is postponed lo meet the , wishes and expectations of the Slate of A'aba.oa. Fite evidence wh cli remains to be taken by 1 the Commissioners will be forwarded as soon as I received. | Very Respectfully, G. M. TROUP. , /Vie President of the United States congressional'. 1 Remarks of the Honorable N. Macon from 1 North-Carolina on the third reading of the ‘ bill to authorize on the part of the United 1 States, tlie subscription of fifteen hundred ’ shares of the capital stock of the Chesa- 1 peake and Delaware Canal. In the Senate of the United States, February 24, 1825. I Mr. Macon, of North Carolina, said he rose i with a full heart, to take his last farewell of i an ohl friend that he had always admired and loved—he meant the constitution of the Uni ted States. On this occasion, he said he had experienced difficulty in expressing his feel ings. Perhaps old people thought more of what look place when tiiey were young than of the occurrences ol after times, but in times of old whenever any question touching tlie constitu tion was brought forward, it was discuss, d •lay after day; that time was not passed. Gentlemen say it is not necessary nor to en ter into the constitutional question on the measure. The first time he had ever known them refuse to discuss the constitutional ques tion, in\ olved by a proposition, was, when tlie ict was passed incorporating the present oank of thirty-five millions; from that time the constitution had been asleep. Every scheme that was proposed was with a view of tying the people together. The late Bank of the United States was to give them a currency alike throughout all the states. It was said at the time, that this was impossible, the friends of the Bank insisted they could do it; but, had they done it f Then they got into a system of manufacturing, and every body was to get rich by it.—The next thing was the system of a great navy and fortifica tions, which was to make them one people from the Atlantic to the Rocky Mountains, from the Bay ofPassamaquoddy to Florida; but, had it done so ? And now the people were to be tied together by roads and canals. He thought the plan of the gentleman from Maryland (Mr. Smith,) was as wise a one as ever was devised to add power to the gov ernment. Do a little now and a little then, and, by and by, they would render this gov ernment as powerful and unlimited as the British Government was. We go on decid ing on these things, said Mr. M. without looking at the constitution, and I suppose we will, in a few years, do as was done in Eng lai d—we shall appointa commute to hunt for precedents. My heart is full when I think of all this; and what is to become of us 1 cannot say.^ This government was intended to be a lim ited one, its great objects were war and peace, and now we are endeavoring to prove that these measures are necessary, both as war and as peace measures. Mr. M. said, he would beg leave to call the attention of the senate to a celebrated re port made in Virginia in 1799, for a true ex position of the constitutional powers of this government. If there was reason to be alarm ed at the gt owing power of the general gov ernment, how much more has taken place since? Congress now stopped almost at noth ing, which it deemed expedient to be done, and the construction was construed to give power for any grand scheme. This change was brought about little by little; so much had never been attempted at one time as would agitate the people. Compare these things with those which had, in old times, been done under the constitution, and the change would be found to be most astonish ing Fne end of them all would be, in the vulgar tongue, taxation. He had before expressed his belief that the public debt would never be paid oft". They were following Great Bdtain, step by step, and the final result would be, they would cease to look to the debt itself, but think only of the interest. The history of the British Government would prove that every war had increased the public debt, and added to the burthens of the people ; and what was the result in America ? At the time of the Revolution, the war pro duced eighty-four millions of funded debt ; this was only increased to ninety millions, and instead of paying it, they were follow ing the example of Great Britain, and lurn ing it into 4* per cent stock, which, like the 3 percent stock, no one would buy at par. Mr. M. said, he was against this govern ment connecting itself witli any company. He would have it get clear of the Bank of the United States. Let it appoint no offi cer, and if it cannot dispose of its stock on good terms let it get rid of it at any rate. His idea of internal improvement in this country was, to take from the people all unnecessary burthens. Let them have plen ty (d wholesome food and good clothing, and he doubted not they would continue to raise boys and girls who would become men and women. These were the sorts of in ternal improvements he desired to see. It was in vain to talk of any other internal improvements strengthening the country, when there was ninety millions of public debt, and above a hundred of private debt owing. Much of the latter, indeed, was culled accommodating paper, but he knew it was false. fiiese schemes, he thought, were mon strous strides, considering the character of the government. The gentleman from Ma ryland (Mr. Smith,) was for laying the con stitution aside on this bill, but that was no thing new in that gentleman, for he had constantly pursued that plan ever since he had known him. Mr. M. was afraid they were going to follow the system recommended by a mem ber of a certain foreign legislature. When he was asked what measures he would adopt to make the people peaceable and submis sive, he replied, “tax them heavily, and collect it rigidly ; give them enough to do, and they would never plague the govern ment.” This was the practice in Europe, and it had succeeded very well. Ao to the meaning of the Constitution, Mr. M. said, those who composed the convention that loimed it, certainly must have known what they intended, and all the writers of the day referred to no power of this kind ; but it seemed the people of the present day un iderstood what the framers of the constitu tion intended better than they did them se»ves. He could give no other names to his feelings than fears. It was true, he had no fears tor his personal liberty, but he fear |ed his descendants would be taxed up to the nose, so that if they got breath, it would be as much as they could do. The counlrv now was not in a situation to pay direct tax es. In time of war, there was 15 per cent difference in the taxes of the different btaws; hut the same thing would not be suffered now. He was certain the govern ment could neither lay them nor collect them at this time. His fears might be groundless they might be nothing but the sugg stmns of a worn-out old man, but they were sincere, and he was alarmed for the safety ol this government.