Newspaper Page Text
oo.va’KiTtmojfAiAaT. [■
PRINTED AND VUBUBHKD BY (
WILLIAM J. BUNCK. e
. i TT~ ~T ' a
Condition*, arc.
Yf For the CITY PAPER, twice » week. Five Dollar, per
annum, payable in advance.
, «.r;oi;\TIIV PAPER., once a wee.li. Three Dolan per t
annum, in advance. |
tj-\n paper discontinued till direction* to Dial elect are given
ami all arrearage* PAID.
T F RMS.... Five Dollar* per annum payable in advance. (
Yr AD v KKTIfiE VI UIN TA .... Will he inserted at the rale of j
Siatv two and « half rent*, per «qae. e, f..r the I'ml insertion
and V irty-three and lliree quartercent*. lor each coulinoance j
Yy- DOMMUNICATIONIVby Mail, mail lit Foil paid. I
u„ jr* of land and tie roe*, by Administrator*, Kse.-ulon j
of fiunrdiims, are required, tiy law, to he held ,n the lir*l I’oe (
day in " a month, between the hour* of leu ill toe forenoon and
three in the afternoon, at the Court-Home of the county in ,
which the properly r. situate. —Notice ol the*e sale* must be
~1-eii in a public gaze tie SIXTY days previous to tile day of
sale, I
N -lino n r the sale of personal property must he given in like man
ner, FORTY days previous Lottie day ot sale.
Ntici to Ihe debtors and creditors of an estate must be published
f ,r FORTY days.
To the Editor of the Constitutionalist.
Sir,
PLEASE to publish Mr. Grantland’s
reply to Mr. Hobby.
1 J PHILO-CASH. i
Mr. Hubby occupies nearly four columns i
of bis paper of the lOtb inst. in trying to I
plaster over the palpable fraud practised
on the state in the printing of Lamar’s Hi- ;
gest, for which, (as was shewn in tin: Hi:
corder ol the 30th ult.) his brother-in law
General Clark, paid him out of the public
treasury more than three thousand dollars
over and above wbat other persons propos
cd to tin the same work for. If the transac
tion hail been as fair and honorable an Mr.
Hobby pretends, his ready pet> would have
explained it in a satisfactory manner, witli
less labour.
W* quote from Mr. llobbv s .le<Vnr« “It would h« proper
(nnvn li--i It) n clmr understand in** of the inhn»c», to remark, thm
ft> .i| !. o. r too. ,i urt. , ■ ,
. •»- - It Mil Ir,
lr .I•' s r» . ..■ i (lit ■t: Mr•' • . hes ’ t•‘T I
*Jr. ilobbt h.. ■ ■ tr.nl t-u-i
iiexioa that til m<l i. ; \ -r » 1
». »:» I’he Utu*r id ,up|tnb<-il u> h 1 ;v
1 ! 1 r'li or in; iifi'.n Inr ti'fi r
K- ’ -I'm' I ,net: 'r».. it'll -cHj
; * ’ ) ' ‘ I ' U ‘ •
** Urt ti li.) tuvv jj, . lb*,. ... .... 0
Advertiser, while Hubby was the Editor
anti proprietor. Such is believed to have!
het'n the connexion between them when the
1 —our m.iiln rtrmmtcilß fur printi-of **'*, I>l
gest. these enquiries will here naturally
present tliomselvcs to the reader’s mind :
I it at all likely that Mr. Hannon, whe
ther the partner of Mr. Hobby or only his j
manager, would engage, in so large an un-\
devtnking without consulting him? And,|
\f Hannon’s proposal was not made as the
partner or manager of Mr Hobby, why
did the latter concern with a troublesome en■
gagem nl of Hannon's, not. made with his
approbation or consent, and in which he had
mo interest ? I
Hannon’s proposal was merely intended
to secure the contract—the after manage
ment between Mr. Hobby and Guv. Clark
made a must lucrative business out of a bar-!
gain that would have proved rather a hard
o"e if it had been faithfully executed. In
concluding the contract with Hobby, after
Hannon’s proposal had been accepted as the
lowest, ami in the execution of the print-!
Illii, THE VRA UD WAS PERPETRATED, US WC"
shall plainly shew, and whether Gov. Clark
ditl not connive at, and permit it, let
the public from all the circumstances judge.
We beg the reader’s attention to the fol
lowing laets :—Governor Clark had pre
scribed the quantity of print to be contain
ed in each page, as it was bis duty to do,
by stating that the pages should be “ closely
prin’ed and not stretch'd oat as they were
in Clayton's Digest,"— by which •• stretch
ing out, the number of piges could be al
most indefinitely multiplied, and as the book
was to be paid for by the page, the cost to
the would In: increased at the pleasure
ot (lie printer. Before we proceed further,
this fact will be proved by the f dlowing let
ter ot "M ij. W tod, (then a Secretary in the|
hxecutive Office) in answer to one we ad
dressed to him :
'Ii f.I,KDGIIVILI.K, 10th Sept. ISIS.
Ml tar Nr—III ri’ply to your not,- of *, steed.,v. I have i,. stole,
thy. 1 wa,nl,e of the Soon-to lies in the Kiev tit re Dili, u ihe
tmn to which you allude. I recollect a com eraalioo occurred
Set « ii IJ.ir, Clark and yourself, in th, oilier. m ref reiie.e to
•fit m inner in win -h l.atnurs Digest w is to be | mil--1.
cours' of who h vou mentioned Clayton'- Dip-si, wilh the vies.
•* 1 understood, to ascerla.n whether that book wool,l he made
the standard. The (inventor observed tin,l me bo,.'* musi be
r’oselv iinnteil, ami not spaced or Mr. lcli.ul oul, us the pint of
t- -tytou * wav—hut fixed upon no standard.
I have slated ihe *uh*taace of the conversati n », ne ir as 1
can r, tilled it. and I have the more divlinet recollection, m
con-.-qu non »f .onie contention having ..risen soon alter,vard
ah ,01 toe propriety of the contract being given to Mr Hannon,
wo o canted me to char re inv memory with what occurred on
the subject of the proposal* for printing the work more purlieu-
Respectfully,
-n r ra. • W.ISBA WOOD
Ihe p ige of Cliytnn s Hipest iib.tvt: ro
fen-pil HI, cmtiains about forty hues of print
with blank spaces between each line It
closely printed the page would contain from
fctty to sixty hue*, aud this was the kind of i
page prescribed to us by Gov. Clark, andi|
For which our proposal was made, as will bel|
seen by refering to it. Jn closing the con- s
tract with Mr. Hobby, Gov. Clark determin
ed, (as Mr. Hobby says in his defence) that 1
as Clayton’s Digest “ had heen accepted by 1
a former Executive and was sanctioned by i
the Legislature, and as it was the laws oft
the ten proceeding years, to those the vo- I
lume to be published by Mr. Hannon was \
to contain, it might safely be. considered as
a guide for him"l I! And this too after t
lie had prescribed to others a close printed (
page, and their proposals hail been made i
for such a one ! That Mr. Hobby did not i
fail to profit bv the licence given him of i
“ stretching oul" the page will be presently i
shewn. 1
We have Lamar’s Digest, which is the
subject of contention, lying before us, and
having taken the trouble to count the lines
m the first fifty pages of the work, we find
that the average number on each page is
thirty, very little more than half the quau
tity of a closely printed page—Opening the
book in another place and counting the lines
from the three hundreth to the three hun
dred and fiftieth page, we found the average
number to be only twenty-seven on a page
At the nine hundredth page it is still worse,
many of the pages containing but twenty
lines. Admitting however that Lamar’s
Digest will average throughout thirty lines,
and that a close printed page of the length
of Clayton’s Digest will comprise no more
than fifty lines (which is an admission too
favorable for Mr, Hobby,) by multiplying the!
number of pages in Lamar’s Digest, to wit,'
131)0, by 30, which is the number of lines
in the page, and dividing by 50, the quanti
ty ol lines in a close printed page, we ascer-;
tain that it g ves 7HO as the result. We of
fered to prim tiie book at 810 tor each page,!
and the cost of 780 pages would have been
87800. Allowing Mi . Hobby’s page to |
" *'"<> tl'i'-Hu tin* nroner noantlt.V of|
IV . t., , ( .i i N * USUI' :-:
. “ Vt- ( aia id) u ;ttt ‘
1 io' i’ ,;j* lb t ~jc-; i --to tie "i
pH nt ed
• a’, it-,it(!. e Ccii .' i- cm’’-, , v , ,«• ’’
jbo ■ -r tiu-I'l thou-' voluni 'S vie.. ; f
• . - 1 :on sin Hull it , only
iN Mil . I 0|
jin point of size to the Ma.nmut/i Digest.—
,j dr. Hobby’s allusion to tbe'Georgia Jus
. tice is as irrelevant as it is impeiTinent.—
'Ve paid a large sum tor the copy right of
that work—it was published exclusively at
. our expeiice and risk. The State had no
thing to do with its compilation or printing,
ij ben the bonk hail heen ascertained to be
ca useful and valuable one, the Leg) ture
| directed the purchase of copies at di I :rent!
. times for the use of the civil officers Jf the
state, at from four dollars to gd 75 the copy, 1
i while subscribers to the book were charged
five dollars. If the books hail not been sale
able the loss would have fallen exclusively ]
lon us—certainly then we were entitled to
'our fair profit. But the Slate pid for the}
compilation of Lamar’s Digest—it was her\
property ; the printer had to sustain no risk
i nor delay in making sales—he was to be
paid simply for the printing and binding of
the books, and his money was ready when
ever they were delivered. Mr. Hubby re
ceive 1 in advance §4OOO.
j “ The work (says Mr. Hobby) was to
be paid for according to the quantity of
matter it made—no one could tell what
that quantity would he—neither he (mean
ing one of the editors of the Recorder) nor
any other man upon earth could have print
ed it according to contract without its
making more than that number of pages,
meaning BJO pages, which we had asserted
was the largest number it could possibly
have made it it bail been fairly printed.—
After having examined Mr. Hobby’s book
more closely, we can now positively assert
that the whole matter could have been as
easily comprised in 800 as in 8000 pages,
and that such a compression of the matter
would have made the book more valuable
to the public, as it would have been more
j convenient and le*s unwieldy. Mr. Hob
by is mistaken in supposing no one could
tell wbat Ihe quantity ot matter would bo
belore the book was printed. The whole of
the manuscript was shewn to the printers,
and any one at ail conversant with print
iog, as every printer knows, can tell pretiv
accurately within what number of printed
pages of a given sice any quantity of manu
script placed before him can be coinprised.t
Messrs. Ginn anil Curtis, alter examining
Hie manuscript, offered to print the book to?
• lh* curious phraseology used in the last of Ihsso receipt*
pro*- s there was something pollen in the business, which rcquii
li) oe plastered over.
t There is no mystery or Jilß.-ulty in makiny the calculation,
ami any one ran make it with nearly ns much accuracy as an ex
peneneed printer. Count the words in a page of print, of the I
s prefer—then ascertain the mimher in a page of the
i uscript to he printed, and you will discover how’many ol '
m--e will make one a.' prim. I hen dieide ihe whale number of I
I miiscnpl pages njr the number required to fill one of print nnJ
.on have Hie number of printed pages. In a very lar-e work ’
wnere the nimusenpt 1* not uniformly written, th-re wiU some- .
limes he a variation of 40 or SO page* in SUO dr 1000. ‘
88400 without regard to the number of
pages —-we refer the reader to their propo
sal, printed in our paper of the 30th ult.
Mr. Hobby says if our proposals had
been accepted and we had performed the
work exactly as it has been done, and the
money paid to us in the same way it was
to him, “we wmld never probably have
found out that the sum paid was not duly
proportioned to the work performed.”
VVeneed only say in reply, that such a
of things could not have'occurred. —Gov.
Clark was nut disposed to grant us such fa
vors, and we are too independent to a-k
them of him or of any Governor. Justice
is all that we ever asked 01 desired ut any
of them, and even that has been denied by
Gov. C. who would have confined us strictly
to our offer, of 810 for each close primed
page—Mr. Hoboy was paid for each sucli
page (allowing the whole number to have
been 780) at the rate of 814 25 cts. We
Ido not blame Mr. Hobby for receiving the
in mey as much as wc do G *v. Clark for pay
ing it to him. We have no reason to be
lieve the Governor was imposed on by the
printer—they doubtless understood eaclr
other very well. Other circumstances have j
come to our knowledge, winch are quite
sufficient to convince us, that G. n. Clark
is “ HOTTEN TO THE CORK.”
The thret Digests referred to in these
remarks, viz. Clayton’s, hamar’s and Prin
ce’s, can be seen at our office, where any!
further explanations that miy be required
will be qheerfully given. We once more
!invite our readers to examine Lamar’s Di
gest and judge for them-elves whether the
fkvud is not as glaring as the Sun at noon
day-
-1 Received 18th April, 1821, lus Excellency the Governor’s
1 draft on th c “ f "“ iUn r,,wn •*
four tiiousa
j of n c tnirr
}>ies of I lit
I •••.“» <
1 Kumi of
i f '. . . S
; do., cue hi ,uiahrrf
h *■" !;•. : idiac ? ■! • bin nerboun
!M:r ■ Instead . ' , .pi
£ ~ ~ , , ... ; i
waited with a stoicism an I patience which
has brought up m her the very difficulties
she now labours under with the Indians—
[ Washington Gazette .
“ The extinguishment of the Indian titles
and their removal, have alvv.ys been objects
d deep solicitude to her. Can other states
blame her for this solicitude? Which of them,
after the Indian oars and Indian annoyances!
ishe had encountered, would have displayed,
Jess? But it is said she lus been too clamor
ous in urging her claims? How stands this
matter? Under (lie compact she had a right
to expect the unceasing exertions ol the Uni
| ted States to comply with that agreement. —
I I hey were in the full enjoyment of the terri
, t u’y she had ceded to them, and deriving
from the sales of it, annually, large sums of
money. Occasional cession* of land were
procured for her beneli . —She waited for
many years wjih patience, and was satisfied
wilh the gradual manner in which the United'
Stairs were proceeding. If she urged the!
fulfilment of the contract, it was not urged,
j with what has been called intemperate vio-!
lence, until alter the occurrence of events
well calculated to give some warmth to fieri
demands. Since the agreement was enter-)
ed into, (180‘2) (lie Indian lilies in most of.
the western states hive been extinguished,!
and the Indians removed. When Georgia
saw the extinguishment of the Indian titles,
progressing so rapidly in other states $ wheni
j of these very Creeks 'the United States were)
purchasing lands in Alabama, that the In
dians would as soon luve retained a» the
lands of G mrgia ;---when she saw them thus 1
driven in upon her in greater numbers, she
looked with more earnestness to the fulfil
ment ol the agreement, and thought that it
ought to have been executed in preference
to other purchases from the same people.
The effect on the minds of the people of
Georgia, ol this buying on the part of the
U. Slates (or themselves, instead of Geor
gia, was increased by die expenditure of pub
lic money and the efforts madebv the Feile
lal Government to civilize the Indians and
•iinelioiate their condition. These efforts,
directed particularly, and most successfully!
to the Indians within the state, were dailv
creating new barriers to the final execution
of the agreement. The establishment of
schools, the introduction of agricultural
pursuits and habits, could not fail to in
crease the attachment of these sons of the
forest, to the land of their fathers, and make
them more unwilling to emigrate to a dis
tant country, where they would have no
op m lands to cultivate, no houses to live in,
and be exposed to constant danger from the
warlike spirit of the more ferocious tribes
who were to be their new neighbors. The
successful philanthropy of the government,
so praiseworthy in the abstract, appears in
this case to have increased the difficulties
of executing, in good faith, the solemn agree
ment by which they were bound. But this
could alone affect the terms of the cession.
What was reasonable compensation to in
duce a community of hunters to give up
their lands, might offer but a very poor in
ducement to a well settled and prosperous
agricultural people. It is worthy of remark
here, that by the treaty of Fort Jackson,
entered into a few years ago, the United
States guarantee to the Indians the very
lands included in the late treaty. This
guarantee, taken in connection vyith the
foregoing circumstances, caused Georgia to
change her tone. Her remonstrances were
urgent: by some they were thought too
bold and disrespectful. They were, how
ever, listened to by Mr. Monroe, who ap
pointed commissioners (Messrs. Campbell
and Meriwether) to negotiate a treaty for
the lands. The first effort of these gentle
men failed. But in the second they were
j more successful. The failure of the first
has been attributed to the opposition of the
public agents; and one of them was actu
ally dismissed for his improper conduct.
" Tne question is not whether the Indians
are now opposed to, or are in favor of, the
treaty ; but it is whether they sanctioned it
at the time of its formation, and were au
thorized to enter intuit?—ln the heedless
and partizan denunciations of this instru
: ment, it has been said to be signed by only
two of the Chiefs, whose signatures usual
ly authenticate the treaties of that people.
Such is not (he fact] let similar instruments
I 1 o' * late date entered into by the same peo
nh e present, and the
ent will be mani
sralions, we are led
■■Hooked by the Pre
'.eaty w. r ...
. .“ i, jvmou at the an . hi,
■ » t he circa mst
' ' . enn-nt are n>> <• •
nifi .1 th Q any thing known ah *ut
I I J.W U ■ ft
• • -AVi.w in Outv KHii'ij '<U
' 1 ’; i ( >, ■> I prose tii ois ®tijiid.
, ."•■.U. ■ the out. M the o
ei. i; ■■ >f whom are auiui • signers
aty >f 18 . >
1 tli i; i hash'.:; ,o object l ! a. J sir;'
■' • 1 i ■ tt-.n .. i’:-; r -ga • to so. h -
■n 1 cii< Nation, inioi.v; ';at uc ,b'i:
■ . , nnilteu to n on li ■
If iy fi he ti
t ’ •:
" • : ar.d • null nuv ■ •»: -m ;U:
’.U til lw. ;• !•((.# ii I
tv " r ' * ■
I l . . ,• j , , . , :
I, , ... ,
, cum than the following
J FROM THE MILLEDGEVILLE RECORDER,
The letter of Gen. tiaines/hi reply to the
Governor if Georgia, which w e publish to
day, will be read with great interest, li is
> in our opinion one of the most finished com
i positions of the kind ever presented to the
i American public, and while its lofty, inde
, pendent spirit, its moral force and beauty
i| of sentiment and expression, will find ad
i miners with all possessing any tinge of these
• elevated qualities, it will satisfy even Gover
> nor Troup that those who lead the armies of
t the republic, are not alone distinguished in
the science of arms, but sometimes wield a
■ pen even more to be dreaded than their
sword, when their own feelings or their
; country’s service calls it into action.
[Sorfolk Beacon, dug. 15.
1 Gen. Gaines’ letter to the Governor of
: July £B. —1 bis production has been extolled
h to the -kies as a master piece of composition.
! No epithets of praise, as will be seen by the
i above extract, have been too extravagant *o
be bestowed on it by the Prodigals. When
j we first heard this shout of applause, w e were
1 somewhat surprised, for, when we published
| the letter, we were not particularly fascina
j ted by its beauties. The Prodigals, how
j ever, as all the world knows, being very ex
cellent judges in matters of this sort, we be
gan to suspect that we had not attended t pit
■ closely enough to discover its excellences,
1 VVe therefore sat down and examined it
1 minutely, and the result is that we now think
lit to be a pretty, tolerable, good so t of a
j thing in its way. We were particularly
! pleased, as we think every body of taste must
b'\ with the following passage, in which Gen.
Gaines seems to have put forth all his
strength.—Speaking of the cultivators of the
soil, he says :
, “I rely upon the wisdom and justice and
patriotism of at least nine-tenths of those
1 with whom I have the pleasure of an acquain
tance —many of whom are cultivators of the
land—to which class, in this and every other
State of the Republic, 1 look up with confi
dent pleasure a'nd pride, as they form the
adamantine pillars of the Union; against
which the angry vapouring paper squibs of
the little and the great demagogues, of all
countries, may continue to be hurled for
hundreds of centuries without endangering
the noble edifice this beloved monument
of American wisdom and valor and virtue,
will stand unshaken, when the disturbers of
its infantile repose will be remembered only
to be pitied or execrated.”
Here is an admirable congruity of meta
phor, Tue cultivators of the soil are made
the adamantine pillars of the union. That
s is well enough—Then the demagogues miX
: hurl their paper squibs at the “ nobleedifice’-\
, for hundreds of centuries. That’s beautiful -\
i fur we are not told distinctly whether the
»" adamantine pillars” of the union, or the
■ union itself constitutes this noble edifice,
i There’s something charming in such ambi
. guity, because it sets one to guessing what is
• meant—But let that pass—The next branch
) of the metaphor is beyond measure excellent
- —“ This beloved monument of American
i wisdom, and valor and virtue will stand un
t shaken, when the disturbers of its infantile
, repose will be remembered only tube pitied
I or execrated.”—What a splendid corrusca
r lion ! Neither Homer, Virgil, nor Milton
i have any thing like it. First there is a
: monument, and that monument is a beloved
> monument, and that beloved monument will
; stand unshaken—This at once arrests the
) imagination by its grandeur. Every thing
-of the monument kind is immediately brought
before the mind of the reader. He begins, if
1 he has any fancy at all, at the battle monu
r mentof Baltimore, and runs back over the
- list of all other monuments until he comes to
i the Mausoleum and the Pyramids of Egypt,
t After laboring under the magnitude of the
; conception of these big, vast, stupendous and
- magnificent objects, all suggested by the cir
cumstance, mind you, that this beloved
i monument shall stand unshaken, observe
Jihow gently, how gracefully, and how na
t turally the imagination is let down to ordi
■ nary concerns by reference to the disturber*
iof the “ infantile repose ” of this monument.
The infantile repose of a monument!!
i How exquisite to have the ideaofamonu
- meat that will stand unshaken for centuries,
. connected with that of a dear little baby ly’
i ing in i.s cradle, its mama sitting beside It,
- singing hush-a-by-baby, and keeping those
; arrant disturbers of “ infantile repose ,” the
■ flies oft it—Admirable congruity! Language
Ijwants terms wherewithal to do it justice.
■ 1 Take the figure in any shape and it is worthy
!, ii. sum me h: sh ■ ir.tr
yr ;••• .1 ~
! iaid id hi ' I
qgesture, w ■ it, ■. ~ ~
>1" ‘ • tin t ■
!‘ : ■ '>»>'• >■ nnh...
•lb r< ful to tva it well
,| ! < it . { ; i
,tj pi «I
'\V J. , I'■
I ‘ ; ' , ’ ' k.*VL ,\ ,
■ < r ' * :. f ' ft. . : I ■
•” * •"*»' wufC n/i ui unjsamps.—i ne (111-
ference between the two consists in this
(lie Gi neral’s fancy flashed but once, brilli
i antly enough to be sure ; tlie preacher’s gave
a number ot flashes in succession of equal
s brilliancy.
Nkw-Youk, Sept. 13,
DISTRESSING AC CIDENT.
i We are mortified at being compelled to
state, that yesterday afternoon, between
tinee and four o’clock, four of the six new
• two story brick houses on the south side of
I Reed street, between Greenwich and Wash
-1 ifigton streets, tumbled down and are a heap
1 ru ‘ lls< A'he c .rpenters, were at work on
the roof at the time, and had nearly comple
ted the board covering. Four masons, two
carpenters, (George Adams, and Samuel
Pierson) and three laborers, fell among the
r ruins, and were nearly buried. They were
1 all extricated, however, in less than ten
. minutes ; and although two of the masons
; were severely injured, yet we are happy to
i leat n, that none are considered dangcrous
ily wounded. An Irishman named William
- Forey, at work upon the ridge of the build
-1 iogs, feeling them to be giving away, ran
■ along upon the top to the gable, and leaped
■ [from a height of 40 feet into a mound of
- Si.ml, and leil unhurt. To this presence of
- inXnd he probably owes his life.
t We are told (indeed the tumbling in of
. the walls is a sufficient evidence of the
t lact,) that the walls of these buildings have
• bee, ‘ constructed in the most frail and scan
l dalous manner. Ihe morter in which thej*
' bnc k s were laid, ,s composed almost cn
l tiiely of send, with scarcely a sprinkling
. ot lime, and but a very small number of an
i chors were used. The names of the mas
s ter builders, we learn, are Nichols, the
mason, and Austin, the carpenter. It is
I possible that the fault of the bad materials
! may rest elsewhere ; but if not, we care not
■ how severely they are made to suffer for
: ,b * s dangerous and disgraceful experiment.
In the mean time we agree with the sug
gestion qf a morning paper, that it would
t be well for the proper authorities to look to
• die other two b dldings, and lake measures
I to prevent further exposure to the loss of
i lives by their fall. Adv,
! The Giants Boots, —We have just had
; an opportunity of examining a pair of boots
. made by Mr. P. Nahle, for Mr. Magee, the
Irish Giant, now exhibiting in this city.—
Ihe length of the foot is 15. i inches, and
the width sj. The circumference of the
boots at the top is 18 inches, reaching, as
we are informed to the bottom of the calf.
• [ P/iilad . Sentinel, Sept, IT.