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I’rooi ih'i Oiirliitoa Coiriir, .Vfarcli 8. VINE DAYS LATER FROM LONDON. Wi‘ are mde) ;d to Cipt. M'Doy.u.o , ol t*ic ITitish IHg Bolivar, from « eetiock, f-t --"m London Courier of ihe 19h, ami • h I’iin-U >»l *!»•*. 23 IJ m b’.’ng riHie d iy-j ht >' | than our prevuu» L mdo i-d ite». i’liey d< not, however, afford t-i lur poll [cal <>r cum- : ■n .'rci'-l intelligence of mud imp »rt mce. Th 9 Cholera anpeare, from s he u/Tx;i a 1 stale : menl* given, to ba generally on the decline, j An Inqa st had been held in London on the SOih arid 21»f, upon the b ocly oi ferns Potts, a seaman, who died in the Work nousc of St. Paul, Shidwell, on the 18 h, after a supposed attack of Cholera. The cyaminati m is given ».t great length in the Times of the 231. The Jury finally decid ed that 'he case might ba further invegiigit (m’ by the medical men, if they thought pro per, bu' that they (the Jury) were satisfied h tt had no connexion with the Oholera, and i returned a verdict, that the deceased "died < a natural dea'ii by the visitation o( God.” « A new tmgic Drama, bought forward at Diury Lute fhealreonthe 1 8• h January, entitled Catherine of Cleves, is stated to ( have been decidedly successful. j, Mr. O’Connell had returned toEng'and to j attend to hi-Parliamentary duties. Hi-ar- 1 -] rivi.d at Wolverhampton on ihe 19'H, and v addressed a collection of the people, which j hah hem drawn together by hand bills put ( fords from the Political Union, The nexi z warning he proceeded on to Birmingham. A Convention, it will be seen, has been a- „ greed upon between the French and E Irtish (jhvernmerts, for the more iff ctual sup- j prrssioo ol the Slave. Trade, by which the , french have consented to the mutual rightJ of isarch. 1* F'iday the 27th Jan. it said to have been c fixed upon by the Judges at Bris 01, tor 4 he j execution of tho piiaunef* convicted at that[ place. 'J The death of Col. Brcreton by b ; 8 own,, hands, pending his trial before a Court Mar j, Mai, appear* to have excited great interest j in England, and pob'ic meetings are pm- s posed to adept means to do honor to his | fame, and raise subscriptions for the support , of his infant daughters. !t is contended ; hr.t there was no sufficient cause for bring- j mg him (o a Court Martial, anti that he was j moved alone by feelings of generous huaiaoi ; ty in his long forbearance towards the in- , ccodiary mob at Bristol. " The annual Budget, for the year 1832, , was brought forward in 'he French Che in- , ber of l)e| uties on the Ift h January ; “M. Thouvenel opposed the Budget pre sented by Government, us unconstitutional, false, immoral, impolitic 1 , ami criminal, tin const) utional, as violating that article ol die Charter which nays, that eveiy one should aootribute to the chfcrgi 3 of ihe tiiute accord 1 -eg to 'its ability, and *tso that winch pro hibits exclusive privileges and monopolies; false as stating hat the expenses of the na tiun ate leSs than under the Restoration, when it appeared, on the face of it, that the expenses had been increased thirteen mil iibna for the interest & redemption of loans negotiated in 1831, and nine millions for the flo&tii g deb ; imruorr.l. us being false, amt ts imp m [j choir- son the publics'* dispio portioned iu then powers that tiv y would b> Induced to resort l« fraud and violence to escape the payment us them $ impolitic, ai tending to render tiic chiefs ot the nation unpopular, on arnoiint of the immense sums paid tc them; and criminal. . B taking from individual ■ part ot what was uc ually neces n-'j to them, & thus weakening the springs pf life, and p-eserv.itioo. The Honorable Deputy hen entered into a detailed exatni nation of the manner in which the existing tuxes art cicU the laboring clauses, anil drew a vivid picture of the distress to which » great port i f the population was reducetl and ol the discontent universally prevailing. "Every cLy,” said hs, "we see c mfidence j.mi. ishing, diii.-oms increasing, the ser vice of the National Guard evaded, eleclo ral majorities refusing to vote, the tuxes only recovered by compulsion, and ihe.pa triottc anh r which last year gloved wnti so universal a tl one, changed into a cidd indif ference, which w ill but too soon bo corn cri ed into hatted.! Ministers’, such are the! glorious results of ymjr system! Let your flatterers congratulate you on them, if they l still have the courage. I prefer• telling you 1 with that pla ; n commit) sense, which your 1 learned doctors despise, that if you seii u-- ty wiih toe newborn Royalty to live, you must place i s cradle fur from the eni poisoned a'm ••phera of tiitterere, se t in the very centre of the national par ty. Child e! the people, it must not blush for its origin, or despise its parent. — I will add, that it is indispensably ne.cessii-1 ry to remove from it all those old routs of the. empire and the restoration, whose tal ents and consciences hare al l k o been worn on. in the service of mo many Governments, *o b-5 able now to inspire any other senti ments than those of disfiu»t anil contempt, i'he tame course must bo ad p.ed with the crowd ol jobber*, political tartnjfes, and other egotist* Winnie motto has always been ‘Q'« r tnda ptcuniaprimunt ett. 1 which m.iy n. translated, ‘The Budget befoir s!l things.’ For yourselves. Minister*! learn thu s he new Government must, in order to be strung, si'lier command admiration, inspire 'ei.-ot nr awaken gratitude, it is nut givi n myou to pat form deed* nuble-eimugh to accomplish the first alternative; the second is no tungei P i-sible, nor arc you th-' men to do it at any ‘.;me; try then to H e! the fluid, and with Mi.it v ...iv pigc.iice economy and reduc tin H- llert that Use. energy which es fected the last Revolution slumber*, but i not destroyed. That Revolution, whic! -oght to have b-ten profitable to all, ha j served only to make the fortune of a few I I’he laborious classes see this, end (ee 'it Mill mire. If to that physical force *vhich overwhelm and dftitrojrg, they *ver* t" add that moral force which directs am jotganises, they would form for thernselvoi ; inotiftr stale of society, in which your adher ion s Sr, -ill the other* by whom they are now (despised, would not, perhaps, occupy u very bnl lant position. A revolution caused l»y misery, by all the paseiono of discontcMil aotl irritation, and armed by despair, must produce results too terrible to contemplate. 10 prevent this, Gentlemen, to remove all chance of, and pretext for such a revolution, let government effect a revolution in its fi nancial system, and make it favorable to thn*' 1 classes whom misery may render so [formidable, but whose good sense and mo rality would render them so easy to be gov erned. if any favor or consideration were shown to them.’ An interesting Debate took place iu the Chamber on (he 18'h, on the R-port of a Committee charged with the examination of the Rill for g- antir g an extraordinary rrrd it of 18 923,000 Irs. for the eerviee of 1831. The Report stated that the creilit asked for, 1 was divided into two parts, H-s one amount ; ing to 7,979,000 frs. consisting of expenses' for unforeseen causes—such as the inobili I Eition of the aimy of the North, the a-tna t-iy precaution* against the Cholera, &,c,{ and the other amounting to 10.944,000 fr*. being composed of expense* which had been 1 incurred in consequence rs several items! provided for in the budget having exceed ed the estimate* made for them—such were an excess in the p-ice of piovisions, an in-j crease in the numb- r of hospital patient, &c- After several other members had spoken,! M. Lahtte said that the revolution of; July had relieved the country of charges the amount ot nearly 50.000 000; in ;he re-j d'fCßhn of the civil 1 • at, the ilisbamling of, the Royal Guards, and other expenses of a| similar nature ; and yet 'he budget of 1831 had amounted to 946,000 000 ; and n the present year, in-Uead ol the improvement which might have been hoped for, the bud' get was incieaaed to 1,097.000 000. Hi then entered into a minute financial exam-! ination of the charges and resources of the yeais 1831 pod 1832, and arrived at the conclusion that (lie former hah left, to be provided for by the latter, a deficiency a : mounting to 492 000,000 (inctmli.g.' the 300 000 000 ot floating debt ;) so that the nation-in 1832 would have '<> supply -fie above mentioned sum of 492 000,000. in addition to the 978 000.000 of current tux cs. making together (hr irornious sum of 1470 000 000, independent of any augmont ,t inn which (us uu> th? case u-itH #.ll Uuh get-) migtit arise in the estimated exports- a 1 ol 18S2. To attempt to remedy this by new 11 x- » would, lie *aid, be useless, as he w ,s firmly convinced those alrsatly existi -g were utterly oat of prop -rtion to the not I and physical moans of the country. Any diminution of the Sinking Fund ho ccrshi eied as even more objectionable, since mi son and experience had alike convinced him that in that institution were the germs of the future financial prosperity of the coun try. •• What, then,” he continued, "is to be done ? I ieply, the State has as it* dis position funds amounting to 49 000 000 per annum, which must represent a enpi al "fat least 750.000,000, if not 1,000,000,01 0. 1-kc from this what is wanting to repair the deficiencies of (he Treasury, and give up the idea of new taxes and new loams. With such a fund at your disposition, war is ■iut to be feared, since thi* alone would be sufficient to enable you to support the charges of war for 4 year* without sailing -hi the country for an additional franc ” The Hon. deputy then proceeded to point out the necessity of economy for the future, and the imperious duty which ought to in duce the Government of July to take every means of lightening the burd- ns of the op ptessed population. He next alluded to the external situation of the country, and a-tiibuled the debased slate in which he represented France to be now placed to the ■abandonment of the principle of non-inter vention, at the very moment as which it hud [began to prove i'n benefiti a | tendency by the nUvelopement of the germs of political lib erty and prosperity in G-'miany, Belgium and Italy ; whereas now Russia was exult ing over die wreck of Poland, Austria held Laly at its mercy, and the principle of ab solution was every where re-erec ing its hydra head. Jn conclusion, he argued (hat the total want of cm fi-.leuce and stability in commerce, and the general afiotis of the country, must be uitiibuted solely to the manner iu which the princi ples of die Revolution of July had been a -1 bandoned. ami its Hue friends, those men - who had with their own hands built up the ’ new laonatchy, accused of republicanism by • a party who looked on the Revolution as a s mere ranstlory occurrence, and employed r all i ff-r-R m preventing the people and the TCmg of the B rricad. s from looking each ,;y|hcr in the i»ce. " If, gentlemen,” add ed he, " wish commeice and industry to • revive, liberty must triumph, and the in - terestg of France and the Revolution of July !ii«3t no longer have to contend against "a 1 few individual interests. 1 have lull con ’ fidence dial fh’s will be the cas,- ; if u- mis 1 prejudice* are removed and error conquer ‘ erl, France will bo savcil j let iu not doub 1 it, for France and the munareny have tin will and energy tu (Loud applause. Adj-uroed. IS, We call the attention of our readers so ln f - I '' following article from •' The Age” a ‘ | paper printed at Augusta m Maine * e TUB TARIFF DISSOLUTION OF THE UNION. (j mention of these giave topics cannot 1 tall uj ■ m tlie ear oY our people of the North, '* with the same appalling eff-ct as it does no n our <i ilow-citix is of the Sou'h. Tho IV.nIT Ins become familiar, in sound, with y Us at the North, and although a few weal yjthj capitalists in the Northern States are alone (he recipients of its golden fleeces, (ha generality of our people do not f»el p3r ■ tieularly excited upon the subject, for they do not detect readily the cunning with I ■ which it steals away the proceeds ..f their industry. They consequently associate j with ii no alarming consequences. O i the ’ "'her hand, a dissolution or the Union is regarded by them as an event so incalcu ’ labl J momentous, that its approach is set Jdown without invcs'igation arriong the oc currences altogether out of probability, and jnot to be at all apprehended. Thus it is, we will often fake alarm at indications of trifling dangers, yet feel perfectly secure , against those whi«h are tremendous, from a i blind persuasion that we cannot be the ob jects upon which they will ever be visited. I he people at the Houth, however, regard 1 I these subjects differently, -The Tariff and ' a Dissolution of the Union, have become 1 classified among them, like causes and c f- ! jfects, and the one is esieemed nb less an ’- palling than (he other. In fact, a feeling of '■ preference is fast obtaining among the pen- * pie of the Southern States in favor of an ' | Mtrghl dissolution of Ikt Union, over the ! proposed continuance of the present jUting Tariff, The truth of tU, remark is ‘ ;too forcibly brought home ; 0 the mind of! Z7 a r n ' W > « ,Ven his toj ;. a £a cr,n g prejudices and forebodings of ; die times, to be longer resisted. And wei 1 ,j now regard it as the solemn (tyfy 0 f * very J l jWivct ol Ins whole country, to arouse from!* ,Ins long rep se i •» supposed stability of f j the federal Union, and to rush with his'in- 5 flue nee through both the public and private 1 channels at his command, to the Halls of !l the National Councils, and enjoin upon the 1 * II presentatives of the people a spirit ofj' ju,i compromise ■ /ifh the claims of the'? South. Without this, we fear the days of : our great Republic, as a whole, are num beretl. We reluctantly avow this painful i conviction ; but we have resisted it, as long ! ■ as resistance is consistent with patriot- 1 ism—as long ila resistance can claim the 1 ■ merit id honesty. We. believe the tine has i mi'/ed whan alauxt Should be felt by all when derision, deu; t out alike to theentrea f ties and the menaces of die Son'll, should ci ase. Unless this be the case, we repeat •OH solt-mn «mr». i4o«, that the DATS ot ! I OUR Rr.pußuo.as a while, are numbered. ■ What are the evidences upon which we s rest nur appalling convictions ? They are : vari us, and multiplying daily. Their sour- I res impart to them a character which ought i to c- mmated respect—at least, command de liberate examination. The evidences which are furnished of the extreme distresses ofj i die South under the operation of the Ta-1 fuff, if uoiinpeached, ought of themselves to satisfy us tha' there is cause for alarm. > A generous spirited and brave people will - not forever endure such injuries. The man 1 who exp cts they will, deceives himself, and ' does violence to the charactei which •he accords to such n people. Pur an elo- 1 quent summary of what the South is suf- and of th • manifold evidences to the . same tact with which Southern prints are i teeming, we would call the attention of our t readers ts an extract from Mr. Hatne’s ' “ speech in the Senate of the United 1 ! States. j " 1 will assure *he gentleman,” said Mr. 1 ' Hayne, that the condition of the south is 1 , not merely one of unexampled depression, ■ but of great and all-pervading distress.' In 1 i my own b ate, the unhappy change which ■ • has.within a few years past taken place in \ i,the public prosperity, is of the most appall- 1 I,tig character, if we look at the present I of our cities, (and I will take i (Charleston by the way of example,) we find! 1 • every where the mournful evidence of pre-i 1 1 mature decay. Sir, the crumbling meniori- Ji.ils tis our former wealth and happiness, too eloquently teach us, that without some i change in your policy, the days of our prog perity are numbered.” Sir, it is within I my own experience. that, in the devoted ci ty in which my lot has been cast, a thtiv -4 ’"g fotcign commerce, was within 8 lew t years past, carried on direct to Europe. • We had native merchmts, with large capi ! ti'ls, engaged in foreign trade. We had I thirty or forty ships, many of them built, and ati owned in Charleston, and giving • jsmployment to a numerous and valuable bo dily of mechanic# and tradesmen. Look at e.tUe state of things now !—Cur merchants y banki upt or driven away—their capital sunk aor transferred to other pursuits—uur shipi ii yard- broken up—our ships all sold !—yes, e sir, I am told the very last of them was a b few months ago brought to the hammer— am mechanics jn despair; the veiy g'ass 0 growing in oar streets, and houses tailing' into ruins; teal estate reduced to one third' y part ol its vdue, and rents almost to noth » mg. The commerce, which we still enjoy, i- diverted fr. m itb proper channels, carried "" n W! 'i> borrowed capital, and through a- S e,, '8 sent among us, and maintained by 1 he tariff poll, y bearing off their profits to ,r favored lands eating out our substance and .) leaving to our own people the miserable crumbs which fall from the table of their e,prosperity. If we fly from the city to ths a (country, what do we th ere behold ? Fieldi jabanduned ; the hospitable mansions of oui 'fathers deserted ; agriculture drooping ; oui ■ysldvra, like their masters, working hardei [and fai ing worse ; the planter sti iving, with ,(unavailing efforts, to avert the ruin which is b fore turn It has often (seen my lot sir, to s a the once thriving planter reduced to despair ; cursing his hard fate, gathering . up the remains of his broken fnr'une—apd widi his wife and little ones, tearing him self from the scenes of his childhood, and 'he bones of his ancestors, to seek, in the wilderness, that reward for his industry, of which your fatal policy has depiivcd him. i " Sir, when we look at our fertile fields, ' and consider the genial climate with which God has blessed the South—when we con template the rare felicity of our position, as the producers of an article, which, under a system of free trade, would command the markets of tha world —is it nut enough to fill our hearts alnvst to bursting to Bud the richest blessii’ge that an indulgent Provi dence ever showered down upon the heads of any people, torn from us by the cruel p dicy of our own government, to find the bounties of Heaven thug blasted by the hand of man ?” Here is tiuly a picture of distress I Ad mit it to be true for a moment, and who can not see that it must be pregnant with the most fatal consequences to the Union, if the system which gives rise to it ia not relaxed ?. True or not, the people of the South believe : it to be true, anddhey will act accordingly in self defence. It is not Sou h-Caroliaa l alone, that thus suffers—They are not her 1 people only, who believe themselves to be thus injured. But, as the same eloquent speaker elsewhere said in his speech jus* cited—in speaking of ths enactment ot the Taiiff of 1828 : “Sir, the whole South rose up aa one man, and protested against soy further ex- 1 penment with this fatal system. The whole ; of the representatives of seven giaUs, Vir ginia, North- Carolina, South Carol in a, Geor gia, Alabama, Mississippi, and Tennessee, (with, 1 believe but three disserting voices,) recorded their votes, against that bill. Sir, do not gentlemen and nrs this fuct, sum# evi dence of the dangerous character of that le gislation nr, which this system is based. Can it be wir.e—can it be just, can it be prudent —to adopt and enforce a policy so essenti ally sectional in ms character! Can we hope for harmony, peace, and concord, while en forcing a system against which an entire section of your country so strongly revolts ? If i* 'he essential principle of the represen tative system, that a mutual sympathy of feeling and of interest, should bind together the people and their rulers; and it may be worthy of profound refl ction how far that principle is essentially preserved bya'sehenie ot legislation, under which the feelings and interests of so large a portion of the country! are outraged and trampled on. When taxes! are imposed, not by the representatives ofj those who are to bear the burthens, but of those who are to receive the bounty.” Mr. H qne stands not alone in the coun jcila of the nation, assuring the people and j the world, that such are not only the opin ions of the "whole South,” but such are their actual oppressions, in a speech delivered by the revolutionary paliiot in tlje Senate, from Maryland, Qen. S. Smith, on the e&inei occasion which called forth Mr. liayne- an 1 above recited, we find ths following* testi mony on this same point s , “We have arrived at a crisis. Yes, Mr. President, at a crisis more appalling than a Jay ofbatMe. f adjure the Committee on Manufactures (o pause—to reflect bn the dissatisfaction of all the South, Soath-Caro lina has expressed itself strongly against the Tariffof 1828, stronger than the other Sta'es ere willing to speak. But, Sir, the whole of the South fee! deeply the oppression of that l ariff In this respect, there is no difference of opinion. I'be South—-the whole Southern States—all oonsider it as oppressive. They have not vet spoken, bat when they do speak, it will be with a voice that will not im plore, but will demand redress. How much better, then, to grant redress ? How much ,better, that the Committee on Manufactures |heal the wound which has been inflicted ? I want nothing that shall injure the manu facturer. I only want justice. ' I am, Mr. President, one of the fsw cur v’.vore ot times who fought in the war of th revolution.— We then thought v/e fought for liberty—for equal rights. We fought »gain-t taxation, the proceeds of which were for the b< n« fit of others—Where is th< difference ? If the people are so bo taxed by the manufacturers or by any othets, I aay manufacturers—And why do I say so ? When this Senate met, there was a strong disposition with all parties to ameliorate the taiiff of 1828 ; but I now see a change which makes me almos' despair of any thing effectual being accomplished. Even the small concessions made by the Senator from Kentucky, (Mr. Clay.) have been reprobat , ed by the lubby membets, the agents of the! manufacturers. lam told they hava out their fiat on any change whatever, and hence. 1 a consequence, the change in the course, ;jand language of gentlemen, which-almost precludes >ll hope. Those interested men hang on the Committee of Manufac'ure* - an incubus. 1 say to that Committee, 1 depend upon your own giod judgments— ■ suivey t-.e whole subject as politicians ' discard sectional interests, and study only i the common weal—act with these views, I It thus relieve the oppressions ol the south.” j 1 i bus we aie assured, and abundant proof r from othar source! ro m?ir>, thn* the -s»h't f iiScuth feel the oppression, end will resist if. • [The ext r.icf t as-t made also exhibits signs cl! 'j deep and well founded alaim. “VVe have rjarrived at a crUis,” Proceeding from an ‘ ■'bsarvant patiiot tikr General Smitb, who li ban n« inducement m his old rge to sout d s fn ! ».i nlanr!, ii must arouse lire people of , the north to setinus reflection, Bnt, we n h*ar the same warning? (rnm other source*. i Our readers meat have. < bscrved the impres sions mrde upon the mind of our Washing* • ton Correspondent, who has the best op ! purtuniiiea of ascertaining (he views enter* ; tained at the South. We extracted a few , dajs since from a Washington Correspon . den l of the Acgus, who-holds this language: , “The Tariff I Iks appear determined not i t<> abate an inch of their pretentious and the consequence will be, if they have the i courage to adhere to them, that the union of these Slain will be dissolved. I have resisted this conclusion as long as I was able, and have at length come toil with sorrow, but the evidinet it “irresistible.” A recen,t Washington Correspondent ot the Saco Democrat, expresses his convic (ions (has, of the effect of continuing th» tariff;— “The South object to all this, as an unjust & oppressive taxation of them for the bene fit of others as wall able to pay taxes ac themselves. Ths subject from its magnitude and possible consequence is all-important. The harmonyj if not the e.ris(en r e of the Union depends on its satisfactory adjust ment.™ Hon. I. Hill in his recent Speech in U» S Senate, thus adverted to these conse quences “I >itts opposed to the resolution sub tad by the gentleman from Kentucky, as - because the principle of that resolution i carried into effect, will make taxation mo? * unequal than the tariff of 1828 now is, a t because the adoption of such a principle its calculated to produce greater discontent and heart burnings, and to fan the flame of discord in this happy laud. May, air, it it my tear that it laws shall pass at this session, carrying into effect the principles of thal resolution, civil war may be the const quince™ And in another part of the same Speech Mr. H. s%d—Can "We blame the South for resisting such a system? Nay, Sir, convinced as us must believe them to bo, that this system involves them in utter ru in, must we not anticipate consequences, euch as may root up the vero foundation of ihie Union J? J J Wc have another view to take of this sub ject, but our room at this time will not per mit. We shall tiusw it io our nest. We cannot forbear to express the hope, how ever, that if the Legislature of this State are not poavin£ed that our people hate un dergone a change in their opinions respect ing the Tariff since last year, they will not allow this Session to pass by without re-as suring the nation that to the people of Maine belong no part of the deplorable consequent ces which are groiving out of d cruel con tinuance of the oppressions upon the South . Flora Ora N.tiomO Jntellijj.ectr. THE CHEROKEE CASE. fn (he Supreme Court of the United Statu - SAMUEL A, WORCESTER vt. Tk e Srai. of e»oi*i«. On Saturday last. Mr, Chief Justice Ma»- shall delivered the opinion of the Court in this case, reversing the judgment of the Superior Court of Gwinett County, in Geor gia. The effect of (here decision is, that th* recent acts of Georgia taking possession of the Cherokee Country, and providing for the punishment of persons therein residing, without the license of the Governor, and without taking an oath of allegiance to tha State, are declared null and void, as con* trafy to the constitution, treaties, and laws of the United States. The opinion rs the Chief Justice was ve ry elaborate and clear. rfe took a review of the origin of the European title to laucie it) America, upon the ground of discovery. He established that this right was merely conventional among the European Govern ments themselves, and for their own guid ance, and the regulation of their own claim*) in regard to each other, and in no respect changed or affected to change the rights of the Indians as the occupants of the soil • That the only effect of the European title was. as between European nations, to re cognise an exclusive right of trado and in tercourse with the Indiana, and of ultimate domain in the territories occupied by the Indians in favor ol the nation or govern ment whose subjects wore the first discover* era : I hat all the European Governments, Spain, France, and especially Great Bri tain, bad uniformly recognised the Indian tribes and nvinns as distinct communities,, capable of, and entitled to, self-government,, as Stats,, and in no respect, except os to theif.right of intercourse with other Euro pean nations, and the right of pre-emption in the discoverers to purchase (heir soil, ec under the control or power as the Euro - peans. Th.-y were treated as nations caps blent holding aud ceding their territories, 'capable of nuking treaties and compacts, and entitled to all the powers of peace and jwar, and not as conquered or eur! ,ved com - I inunities. He demonstrated this from va* rious hisluiical fact# ; and showed that when ■jupon the Revolution il e United Colonies ■ suceetded to the rignts fk cla ms of the mo |ther country, the American Congress uni jformly adopted and adhered to the same, [doctrine, both before and after the confede ; ration ; that since the adoption of the Con stitution the same doctrine had m ui iform ly pi evaded in ail the d-psrttr.rnts of tbs r Government; aud that the treaties with the