Newspaper Page Text
VOL. 2-NO. 127.
SAVANNAH, GEORGIA, THURSDAY, JUNE 7. 18(96.
PRICE 6 CENTS.
Oailv News and! Herald,
rrBLlBHED BY
s. W. MASON.
HI Hit hTBlttT,
TIKHI
Havamkas, Gao
.Fire Centi.
*3 SO.
*10 00,
iiiviKTieiNa:
ni n. ir a .«-r Sqnare of Ten Linen for first tn-
Hollar for cads subsequent one.
jolt PRINTING,
pl vic, m atly and promptly done.
SOI
:i-published by Bequest.]
TH AMERICA.
,.,HI. CLIMATE AND RESOURCES.
Ik"
I.TIKS IN TRANSPORTATIOW.
4 iui und f*oliti€»l Aspects, Ac.
, ..(the Southern Colonization Society*
Meriwether and H. A. Shaw, of Ectye
i . have recently made a tour through
i/.il, i t the purpose of deriving rel^o-
. •
nee to its adaptation to South'
migrate. Their report is pufc-
i Advertiser, and is very lengthy,
, t that paper. The following ex-
,i,:it( rial points of the report. It
. ] . i t inns of country deemed moet
in h tilers are at present so defi-
. ns to make it quite difficult to
l.-prive settlers of any convenient
Time and enterprise may over-
s, hut they should be duly con-
i) contemplate emigration :
tieorgia, about the 18th of Octo-
i; R. t via. Washington City, where
: spurts, and proceeded to New York.
.11 the North America, one of the
i. .1 states line of steamers to Rio De-
; vs York «m the 80th of October, and
.11 the _<»th of November. At Rio we
nih iiieii from the South, who had been
mi mouths, on the same mission that
ii. -r. Amongst them we formed the oc-
i»r (iaston, of Columbia, 8. C., Mho
.11 extensive tour in tho interior of
: m. 1‘aulo. He introduced us to his
aiil< * Susa, Minister of Agriculture, to
11«*i 1 t lie objects of our visit, and pre-
i. m nils. Tho Minister offered us every
in the prosecution of our investiga-
trausportation, a guide, an lnterpre-
.c*us, food and lodging.
• • out, we stopped at Pernambuco,
1 ourselves that the climate would
of our State. Everlasting heat
y stem and break the constitution
i o vince, however, is grown the beet
•tton. Extracts from an English
1. quote Pernambuco cotton at from
than any other in the great cotton
sugar and tobacco arc also grown
t.vtiou. We stopped also at Bahia,
.It-, u miles south of Pernambuco,
, mi gar. tobacco, and all the Tropical
ii great perfection. Still the climate,
is Equatorial, and liable to the
, M .q.le
. . !. i.mplete inquiry and investigation,
i st. Paulo, lying between 22 and 25 de-
l. itittide. appeared to us, the most suita-
.pU\ on account ol health, climate and
ii« mg bv its whole length and breadth,
l»ti frost line, except higher table lands,
(« from lrost the year round. With the
•xplormg this Province thoroughly, we
I went by steamer to Santos, its seaport
try, lying between the mountains and sea-
.» large bodies of farming lauds, and wc
i attention to the interior, beyond the
which hound the coast. Therefore, we
• over the .St. 1‘aulo and Santos Railroad,
i is not y#-t completed, but the cars pass
ut twenty miles beyond the city of St.
aj'itul nl thu province of the same name,
».i* •! to Juudiee, forty miles from the
• whole completed length is eighty or
- . kneeling the interior of the province
• id, at Santos. TUis port, wc omitted
.-a very capacious hai hor, an outlet for
< m class, and by the first of June, it
c.lroad will be finished. A survey Ilka
uiinue it about one hundred miles
''lara
were provided with animals to
. y over a country almost without
transportation in the interior is
. <q;t that now aud then a bullock
g at short distances, over roads
certainly could not pass. These
\i /ogvllibr, aiid all (urn together
i ur tour on the 18tli of December,
j|.« tailingna, the nearest pass over
destination, but on arriving
; ii - utter impracticability of crossing.
].lain, that we either had to abandon
tnp or the other, and here we agreed
that he should go over the mountains
i he lauds in that direction, whilst
the other. His report is appended to
ir course in the direction of Bolucstu
litre we found the lands were owned
* From St. Paulo to this place, by
.; is about one hundred and fifty miles.
. minus of the railroad is fifteen or
ii arer. The road, if road it may be
. i * it. passes over a tract of country, ex-
twenty or forty miles, called here
. ui in es or other growth upon it than
•w small bushes. The people here con-
p i 'livd they would produce well, but
i *t As intimated above, there are
: s. iiuug lauds on this route, and we
- .,1a make one thousand pounds per
a 1, ,rn that would yield twenty-live
} 1 acre, all cultivated with the hoe.
. , all stages of growth; some just
up rive or six inches—some hi full
- i i. punted the year previous, with bolls
*•* -j.v c * tton gins at work, driven by
. . t !>■» hand. All the cotton here ia
-i~t ,,f this extensive campo or plain,
-*• - i • u ren waste, suddenly rises up a
'iuves.M,»u of mountains, about fifty or
l»y t.n or twelve miles wide,evi-
pculur vulcanic formation. As this
*v is the most interesting visited, we
- greatest care, and satisfied our-
■•taiii .i th»* richest lands we had ever
lac-iise aud inconceivably fertile tract
• hunie extent, cultivated by small
- wan “how much laud do you own?”
u ’ i ly is •• i do not know exactly, bat it
" ii miles long, and from four to six
In lands of Brazil, except in rare
* U 't Ik-vu surveyed, and no one with
iiv. iMed on this subject, knows how
' All guess. Wo saw corn grow-
• l!i i- wluch w ould yield more than fifty
1 ’ i he timber is cut down, allowed to
• ’ l »> months, commonly, and thfti-set
tniiher not consumed by the fird re-
n: left it, till it rots. Then usually
*•«'> 1 at the end—sometimes with a
iu the ground, the seed from five
M'Utiut.. this hole and covered with the
^all the cultivation the crops receive.
L ri •. Migar cane, tobacco, and all the
• re iu great profusion,
l grapes also of good quality,
ids are exempt froifi front—thfe i
urn *aid to be unexceptionable-*
-t freestone, and the water power
w ; id. Stock of all kinds, bogs
: > .it. snperior. Tho usual depth
thirteen feet, but it is known
• ‘ --Tt in rume places. If this tract of
^•w-rMteht and easy communication with
l “ - * .in mere might be any to equal,
j'Mihr he none to surpass it. Its pre-
l: -- mdroad, one hunarsdahd twenty-
: ninhub, and from eighty to oD6 hun-
■ Another outlet may be opened
‘“M'o M.-rra alluded to Above. In that
‘ i;... lylity to one hundred mile* to
t ! **. i„. purchased at from one to two
, ' Uul uh. tracts or parcel* with eon-
Wi>«ui.:uta.
r o! laiu.lies from the States should
Ih-. u assured ofltclally that good
“ 1 up immediately; anditisjprmcti-
mis 'intrim by railroad with ,*e 8L
: ’ railroad over the Biff Sierra to
We saw other fftHKTlaads, hut they -eonld not.be
purchased for leas then twenty-five, fifty sad a hun
dred dollars per acre, since they were planted in cof
fee! At Arraqtura, about two hundred miles from St.
Paulo, a tract of country—a Facienda as it is called
there, is offered for sale, by Dr. Gavias, of 8t. Paulo,
conU&ning from one hundred and forty to ttfo hun
dred and eighty thousand acres of land for one hun
dred and twenty-five thousand dollars, on a credit qt
ten or fifteen years if desired. We examined this,
and suppose that from fifteen to twenty-five thousand
acres of it are of good quality, including some caffBe*
lands, and would produce corn, sugar, &c., to per
fection. A large portion of it is compo, but the best
quality of compo we have seen iu the province. The
other is woodland, and will produce corn and cotton
very well. The fifteen to twenty thousand acres of
good land alluded to above is “terra roccha” as the
Brazilians term it, which means land of inexpressible
riohnew and fertility. Upwards of two hundred of
very fine cattle are included in this great bargain; and
a dwelling house, some outbuildings and one hundred
acres of cultivated land com] rise the improvements
on the place. Each of us have a map of this great do
main and will furnish it to any one who desires it,
with all the information we have in regard to its ad
vantages.
Lands which lie too low for coffee, are very little es
timated by the Brazilians, aud in tho District of Cam-
pens, within twenty or thirty miles of the railroad.,
are some very fine farms, of this description, with
good improvements, which can be purchased for
from two to five dollars per acre. Much of these
lands are “terra roc ha,” and all of them will produce
corn, sugar cane, and cotton, admirably. Two gen
tlemen from the States, one from Alabama and the
other from Louisiana, have already purchased aud
settled there.
Dr. Gaston reports that alter overcoming the diffi
culty of passing the mountains, aud the dangers aud
fatigues incident thereto, be pushed his investigations
in the direction of Iguapa and Cannsnea, aiul found
large bodies of public lands, which, although not so
rich as the “terra rocha” of the interior, yet produc
ing large crops of corn, sugar-cane, rice, toba«x*o, and,
in places, eoffee. The few days he remained there the *
weather was pleasant, and-the transportation easy and
cheap, costing less than one-half of the price from the
interior. He thinks it healthy, except on the water
courses, and the price of the lands is only twenty-two
cents per acre, on a credit of five years, without intei-
ost. Several families from Alabama and Texas have
already settled there. We hope this section may be
as desirable aa the doctor imagines, for it is imme
diately on one of the routes to a seaport, from the exced-
ingly fertile districts described above, and the im
provements of its territory, will assist in the settle
ment of the other. The river Igpape is navigable for
steamboats aa tar up as Xirerica, distant from the Dis
trict we have chosen about one hundred miles, but
nnlike the Tote, its navigatiou is uninterrupted by falls
and shoals.
We deem it our duty to state that tho price of ne
groes has decreased one-lialf during our stay in the
empire. It is said that the outside sentiment is the
cause. At any rate all classes agree that the day is
not distant when emancipation must come. We have
heard of some gangs of negroes, including men,
women and children, being offered by the year for
fifty dollars each, though the usual price is from sixty
to a hundred and twenty. For plantation hands the
hirer pays all expenses.
The law requires the purchasers of lauds to pay six
per cent, cash, one time, on their i>rimo cost, as a tax
to the Government. With this exception the farmer,
we believe, never pays any lax during life. We will
also mention that it is thought by well informed per
sons that this small burden will soon he removed
from all immigrants.
The health of the table lauds of the province is repre
sented by the native and foreigner as very good, with
the exception of the low grounds near the larger
fiirers, which are subject to chilis and intermittent
fevers. A few specific diseases, snob as goitre and
leprosy, are seen. Cases of the latter appear but sel
dom, though a considerable number of the former are
observed among the poorer classes. It is thought
generally to be produced by poor diet, damp houses,
&c. The temperature also throughout the table lands,
notwithstanding we were there during the summer
months, varies from 66 to 86 degrees in the shade.
During the winter it varies generally, we understand,
from 40 to 65 degnees, though sometimes it comet
down to the freezing point, producing ice.
In Santos, the seaport of this province, about forty-
five miles from the table lands, aud about three thou
sand feet lower, the mercury varied during the years
1863 and *64 from 67.1 to 83.2, viz : January, 83.3;
February, 82; March, 79; April, 77.3; May, 69.8; Juue,
69; July, 67.1; August, 67.5; September, 70.3; Octo
ber, 71.6; November, 74.6. Decomber, 78.2.
The principal objections to the country are the lan
guage, Portuguese, the mixed class of its population,
and tho want of proper facilities for education and
transportation, though it appears from all the facta we
could gather that there is a steady improvement in
the two latter objections.
The cost of clearing forest lands according to the
custom of the country, is from $1.50 to 2 00 per acre.
Horses, domesticated, can be bought for from $20 to
$40; unbroken, from $15 to $30; marcs, from $5 to $10;
Jacks from $50 to $100; pack mules, from $25 to $30;
riding moles, from $40 to $80; unbroken in lots, from
$12 to $15; fat hogs weighing two hundred pounds
each, from $5 to $8; breeders and pigs, in proportion;
sheep, Horn $1 50 to $3 00, iuferior and scarce; goats,
from $1 to $2; milch cows, in lots, from $8 to $10;
single, $12 to $15; oxen, fair from $12 to $20; work
oxen, from $30 to $40; corn usually from 50 to 76 cts.,
though, daring this summer, there has been a great
scarcity, caused by a drought, during last season, said
to be the first for nearly twenty years. We paid from
75 cents to $3 per bushel; rice from $2 to $3; coffee
‘from*.
cents per gallon; bananuas, liuiea and lurnons from
't©,u cent each; oranges from to 1 cent each, and
pine-apples abundant, and in season from 1 to '1 cents
in the ferger towns most ol these products, particu
larly fruit, are much higher.
The religion of the State is Catholic, though ail
others are tolerated; still no Protestant is allowed to
build a steeple or place a Cross ou his Church. Should
ever the people be disposed to immigrate to Brazil, it
is of the utmost importance that there should be a
concert of action among them. If they contemplate
going in any considerable numbers, preliminary ar
rangements should be made for shelter aud subsist
ence, aud all of them should settle within a reasouabls
distance of one another. A few families, or a tew
dozen families can find ample subsistence and shelter
in most of the settlements visited by us, but if more
thau these propose to settle lsr iu the iuterior, at the
same time, we would adviso them iu order to avoid
disappointment aud distress, to make ample prepara
tion betcre doing so. Notwithstanding we utter those
words of caution, the citizens assure us that they will
have plenty to subsist a vary large number of emi
grants, and in some cases have ottered, with that gen
erosity peculiar to the first class of Brazilians, to di-
vidwhalf their aubsiatance with us, without compensa
tion. This offer includes corn, sugar, rice, Ac. Flour
cannot be had iu the interior, as there is no wheat
grown in St. Paulo, though we understand, that st one
«»ma wheat was one of the principal articles of export
from this Province. We believe from tho character of
tke best lands that it could be grown with perfect
success.
The government allows all immigrants to introduce,
for their own use, free of duty, all articlos of prime
necessity, such as tools of all kinds, wagons, gear,
machinery, furniture, Ac. • This should not be forgot
ten by the emigrant, for in tile interior, you will find
only the hoe, sxe, hill-hook and bullock cart, and
they, except the hoe, of the rudest manufacture -
ploughs can be had only in the larger towns, aud
none have been seen by us that are suitable for the
ordinary cultivation of the produots of tlio country.
Seed of every variety, especially for the garden,
should be carried in bottles, securely corked. Cloth
ing. shoes, hats, dry goods, Ac., cau be bought chea
per in Brazil thau in the United States. Heavy shoes
for plantation use, however, are scarce in this market.
They should be taken from the States, and also plough-
gear of all descriptions aa well as cooking uteusils.
Perhapsit would be advisable for each family to pro
vide themselves with a suitable cooking stovo, as they
will find na chimneys in the iuterior; bnek scarce
and expensive, and stone not very abundant in the
vicinity of the best lands.
Transportation from NewTork to Rio l>c Janeiro,
by the mail steamer, has been reduced to *200 in gold,
*100; children at the breast without cost;
turalized citizen and the nattre Braxilian on an exact
equality, in all rights, in tU privileges, and in all
honors that the Government cau bestow
The constitution of the Empire ia modeled alter the
British, abating some of tho most objectionable fea
tures, such as the rights of primogeniture, and a here
ditary nubility, and the worhiug of the Government is
harmonious, steady, just and powerful. The Emperor
is a wise and magnanimous ruler, sprang from, an in-
teUectual and illustrious race, aud ready ait all times
to condescend to any man or thing, compatible with
the dignity of his crown, for the advancement of the
interests aud the glory of his rauntry. The foreigner
on entering his dominions fitnn no prejudices to com
bat. no antipathies to avoid, but a liberal Minister
ready to welcome, and a population to greet him, aud
a sovereign to offer him the powerful protection of his
government.
A large society for the promotion of emigration,
has been organized, and some of the ablest and moat
honored personages in the country appointed its di
rectors. Its special objects are to aid and lake care
of the foreigner on his lauding, to protect him trow
want as well as from the frauds of the designing, and
to vindicate his.rights and privileges before the Gov
ernment snd the councils of (tie nation. The Gove ru
men t has also established a Hotel fas the- shelter aud
accommodation of the same class of individuals.
Corps of engineers and surveyors ha&> boen appointed
to open roads and survey lands, and there is a spon
taneous movement of the whole Empire to open
wide Us arms for the men of enterprise and labor of
all nations who have a mind to seev the grandest
theatre for the exercise of their energies and the display
of their genius ever presenetd ou the face of tho green
earth.
Your obedient servants,
Robebt Meriwether,
H. A. Shaw.
revi;~
»,th this mountain range is the
* - 1 about twenty miles distant, on
are lands of the best qnality, pro-
''Option ot crops, except coffee, in the
, “ a anj abundance. There were seme
*f not butter cotton than we ever saw
h- ;*■ u! doubt the best •‘cultivated ornsa,"
■ i. w,.-re from five to seven feet high,
i' "uuiain with the greatest avidity.
... u ‘‘ 1 "ru good enough ldr any oOun-
- ‘‘ M r acre is a small estimate for it.
■' Uiat r.,r more than one hundred
’ i;1, y tile same quality of land con-
C' 1 " private individuals, and can be
M . , ‘ ^venty-five cents per acre. It
that the territory forty or
^«st!, ° ! 1;, ‘ mountain range above refetTed
oitb, Indiana. The lands in this
' a * «ood for cotton as any in tb©
Miiiary estimate of this crop is
11. pounds, with bfit little
‘ liaracter of the soil ia what
■t,T ^-mulatto,” and its depth from
k.rtii * , * Rot a great objection to this
;■ ' Valley ]g its liability to chills, which
, ^ignant
a*uMtv lll,, ugh raising to considerable
L*. J ' , A ' ral long slopes almost level in
. ^ the larger portion of them is
-Hitivation. This land is nearly all
lli< lirbt quality. The woodaare
' »uei.reak, -UtofiA the cant
^ that grown in the States, and
^'‘boo.** Timber la abundant; in*
uf th* finest grain, and that
rt( 5Ui red for shipbuilding.
Jtfcjyi' ulat in the dearripttou of them
FW^rof ....
fromtwelve to fourteen, half price: uudertwelve, one.
third. All emigrants to Brazil are allowed a discount
on this line of 30 per cent; the first class paying 1140,
and the second class *70. But we cannot tell if a
similar deduction is allowed the children.
The steamers on this line make the trip in twenty-
■ix dayB, having to touch at several places iu the dis-
chargo of their duties. Passage'can be had on a good
sail vessel at most of the ports of the United Stales at
from *75 to *lt« for the first class, and tor the second
class at much less; perhaps one-half the time being
from forty to sixty days. From Rio to Santos, the
principal seaport of St. Paulo, it would cost about *2U,
though we see that the government has generously as
sumed that burtbeu itself, and from thence to the in
terior you can pass over a railroad for about ninety
The vast domain of Brazil contains the moet fertile
soil in the. universe, and more cheap lauds to allure
the emigrant than any other nation under the sun.
For the supply of the millions that will soon be flock
ing to her shores, she abounds in the precious metals
and coetly gems, and in the moet valuable products,
known toifikAmerefo '''The cattle upon a thousand!
bllla"‘ere’l»#s! mitl'tnhjr be yours, and Buclrcatfle Sa
men never beheld in any other clime. The earth
vielda almost spontaneously the grain, fruit and vege
tables that most delight the palate and satisfy the
wants of men. To gratify the sportsman, the woods
are full of game, of deer, of wild dogs, and partridges
and quails, and of the most delicate birds of every hue
sud of every deacripUon, whilst her innumerable
river and water courses teem With ftab to the greatest
variety and finest flavor. _ .
Her water power ia sufficient to drivfi au the ma-
chinery in the world, and her naturaljand material re-
sources are equal to the support of the
China*
Below Rio, the seasons are precisely opposed to ours,
their spring or planting season, beginning with the
beginning of our fall, and their summer beginning
with our first, and ending with our last winter month.
But that nothing may be wanting for the encourage
ment of the agriculturist, in this happy region, unlike
moat of the other portions of the habitable globe, the
summer is its wet and the wiuter is its dry season,
and ill good lands never wash away.
Ws traversed one province for over a thousand
milea, taking aix months from our departure hence to
make our explorations, and during the whole of that
period, we discovered no ravenous beasts worth
naming, and only three er four serpents of diminutive
size, and no afore to he feared than t
day in your dfode
upon the crops, IB
structive aa those which infest our richest lands, sud
there is no nut or sufficient frosts to check or obstruct
the growth of their beautiful ootton. Moreover, since
the memory of men, there has been no earthquake
there, no subterranean fete, no volcanic eruptions to
Mod Mie Tienrtt orto disturb the serenity of its in
habitants, and iu men and.tttmun line to s riper old
sge than even in this oaoafovocrd country.
Though there are a few legal and religious or ca
nonical impediment* to the foreigner or emigrant,
enchasthafehe may Hot 'reach one' or two of the
highest offioea tn the mate, and may not, if a P
testank stocks eroaa upon hie church, yet tfee win
on,k splendid | m^lrt^SrumfodSfertlt^cwtai^mtohtwiS 1
■ 1 moat certain proagneto of jlfocceee, to place die na-
population of
i those seen every
Igaa* JNie insects that prey
ling The red ant, are not ao de-
Brosil, the
mdiotnttyrl
oowSS
Tlte Battle-grounds Around the City of
Viclcsburgh.
[Correspondence of the Cincinnati Commercial.]
VicKSBUJtoH, Wednesday, May 23, 1866.
On Monday last, in company with ou officer of high
rank, who participated in the siege, for my cicerone,
l examined the battle-fields around Yicksburgh. Un
less one under stands the topography of the country
it is impossible to comprehend the magnitude of tho
military operations connected with the siege. By
some mighty upheaval of nattffc the whole country
is cut up into deep ravines, washes, gatieys,and sharp
angular hills. The popular idea of a battle-fiehl being
a plane, would be perfectly antagonized here. ”111 the
assnlts made upon the Confederate works it was im
possible to deploy a line of battle—hence the charges
were made by head of column. We examined one
road over which Blair's division charged, and where
the heaviest slaughter ensued. The r6ad is located
on the crown of a narrow ridge, runs over compara
tively smooth grouud along the edge of the ditch, ou
the right face of the enemy’a position, aud enters the
parapet at the shoulder of the bastion. The crown of
this ridge road was perfectly commanded by the well-
served artillery aud precise musketry of the rebels,
and to cross this point was the terrible gauntlet of
the battle. The danger was all in fifty feet, for
before reaching and after crossing this spaco the ap
proach was comparatively covered, as soon as the
head of the column reached this point, the enemy, in
double rauk, rose from behind hiB breastworks, and
poured a raking and terrific fire upon the assaulting
party. The rear would press forward, but to fall be
fore the well directed fire. The result was a dis
astrous repulse, and the production of the con
viction in the minds of the leading Generals
that such was the natural and artificial strength of the
defences of Yicksburgh, and the determination of the
force which lay behind them, that the place could
never be taken by assault, and only, if ever, by the
regular approaches of parallels and saps. This after
ward was the policy of the Federals. By taking ad
vantage of the grouud, they advanced their parallel
works within a hundred yards of the redoubts which
commanded the roads, and then resorted to the pre
paration of covered roads and the regular saps. A sap
is simply a deep trench, so dug as to allow of covered
approach to a fortified place. At appropriate spaces
traverses are dug for the purpose of deploying and
covering the men. These sups are dug under the pro
tection of gabious. A gabion is a hollow cylinder of
wicker work, resembling a basket, but having no bot
tom, filled with earth, and serving to cover men from
the enemy** fire, while engaged excavating. Scores
of these “saps,” half filled with earth, may be seen
around the crumbling works. By means of these the
Federal army was enabled, with small loss, to lodge
itself directly uuder the shadow of the Confederate
fortifications. Such was the proximity that artillery
and rifles were considered inefficient, and the only
effective weapon the rebels eonld employ was the hand-
grenade. This missile is a miniature shell about two
inches and a half in diameter, Ailed with powder, ex
ploded with a fuse, and thrown by hand into the
trenches or lodgments of the enemy. The officer who
was with me, informed me that the prevailing impres
sion that the morning of the 4th of July was to
have been distinguished by a general assault, is
incorrect. Nothing more was contemplated for
that day than a terriffic shelling of the enemy’s
lines, and preparations for a grand assault to be
made upon the sixth. He was Adjntant-Geuoral
to one of the divisions, and saw the order issued by
Gen. Sherman to his troops. The plan was as follows:
Ten soldiers from each company were to be detailed
to run ahead, and with as many gunnybags tightly
packed with cotton, throw them into the ditches and
alongside the ramparts, and thus form a compact foot
way over which the assaulting columns were to march.
The plan was approved by all the general officers, and
would, bad not the capitulation on the 4tli rendered it
unnecessary —v«uij uam - L .nnui. 1
nave already intimated that the prwcipal losses of the
United States forces in the siege of Yicksburgh were
occasioned by the two charges ordered by Gen. Grant.
After the sappers and miners began their work the
loss was surprisingly small. The army was then so
many thousand moles, approaching underground the
strongholds of the enemy. • But the loss iu the two
charges must have been immense. I have visited the
cemetery into which has been gathered the Federal
slain, and observed upon the head-board the number
4,637. There are acres of graves, aud yet many of the
bones of the fallen heroes have not been gathered up
by those appointed.for that purpose. On one of the
old battle-fields we observed in one pile the skeletons
of seven men. The bones had been washed or plowed" -
up, and were piled by an* old stuuty, os irreverently
aud indiscriminately as we have seen boulders in a
stony field. In one ot the skulls I observed the gold
filling of the dentist, as perfect as When first placed in
the cavities. Here and there oyer a large plowed field
could be detected human remains. What a commen
tary was here upon the glorie* ot war I Who were
these fallen braves ? They fougfct'fbr their country’s
flag, put stars upon their generals' shoulders, added
brilliant chapters to American history, won the theo
retical applause of their country, and, so far as per
sonally concerned, have served no higher purpose
than to enrich a Mississippi cotton-held with their
bio jd and muscle, and reappear in arlch growth^!
cotton and eorn. It is horrible to think of the blood
of our Union soldiers being coined into gold—but the
next crop of cotton, by the transmutations of uature
and the commingling laws of the vegetable and animal
world, will present some of them to the market in the
lint of the great staple of the South—and they will be
quoted by the price currents of Liverpool by the
penny/and thoso of New York by the cent. I hope
the officers intrusted with the work will, at least, take
care of the bones of these heroes.
Inside the wasting fortifications of the enemy the
'Confederate dead are buried, and their graves are in
no better condition than those of the Federals. The
ladies of Yicksburgh have, however, adopted prelimi
nary measures for the reinterment of the Southern
dead and the decoration of the places where they
sleep.
A visitor now to the battle-fields around Vickspurgh
will withess wasting ramparts, half-filled ditches,
fragments of shell, scrape of aceourtreifieiits and
bleaching bones—all destified flood to pies away, and
leaving no trace behind bf the mighty conflicts which
made this locality furnish one of the most romantic
and bloody volumes of martial history. Where once
the bray of the trumpet, roll of the drum and ‘ shout
of charging columns—the hurtling shell, the whist
ling ball, roar of artillery aud the rattle of muaketry
was heard—now, alone can be detected the Bounds of
peaceful husbandry.
Upon one of the fields we saw a little negro boy
gathering bullets in a tin pail, which he informed us,
his mother took to the city and sold aa old lead.
There are tons upon tons of iron and lead lying
about the lines of fortifications which environ Yicks-
burg.
Every tree contiguous to the fortifications has been
deadened by shot and shell, and contains a caisson
loaded with ammunition. ^
tered the trees were
are dead and seal
paratively small.
This Spring the farmers set fire to the canebrakes.
which luxuriated over the storied hills. Hundreds of
un6xploded shell bnrsted os the fire reached them,
and for a time reminded the neighborhood of the hor-
five miles frtSSs city. “ Tery few markS afe left, in
the city of the bombardment Old rents have been
repaired, and it is only here and there that a stranger
would detect anything to remind him of the fearful
scenes which once “painted hell on the sky" in this
locality.
While around the
tTTlLL give prompt attention to receiving and for-
W warding goods, sales on consignment, and all
cfatabling fortifications mlpglo
in common dust the remains of the ganabt soldiers of
1 armies—in life, enemies; in death, friends—on
the sidewalks or the city the survivors of the slsin
it each other aa friends, mingle in trade, divide
greet each otnor as inenas, mingle in iraas, divide
profits, share fossae, snd chsllenge each other in the
enterprises of practical life.
Sympathy from the Right Quarter.—The radl-
sfiinoniu
caIs are gi
patting
np i
_ w _ testimonial for William Lloyd
Garrison. It i* to be an endowment of *50,000. Ohief
Justice Chase heads the movement! Garrison deliv
ered a speech in New York a few years ago, in which
he said:
’• No act of ours do we regard with more conscien
tious approval, or higher satisfaction, none do we sub
mit more confidently Jet tbs tribunal of heaven and
the verdict of mackiRdAthtot when, oHvcral years ago,
on the Fourth ol! July, in The presence of h great as
sembly, we committed to the flames the Constitution
of the United Stafosl"
The motto of the head of his paper,' the Boston Lib
erator, was:
“The Constitution and the Union; a league with
hell and a covenant with death.”
By all insane mihs'fofa an endowment!!; He is
titled to one at thw.hfinffaof the radicals, an<T ia .
serving all the sympathy Chase can bestow on him
Lol THE Poor Tbbtl*1—Fish os Flbshf—Capt.
Calhoun, master of the schooner Active,
at Fter No. .22 East River, was yesterday ar-
bv officers ChuWn and miller, of the Second
cUon comptttaC of Henry Bergh, Esq., Pseei-
t of the Society 4pg the,PreTeultoj>
it*. \ The corn]
ttu^oosatwt^FforSe! wsaTaden with turtles, which
were confined together in a cruel manner by lying the
turtles upon their backs tt™j8hlhite
flesh, andoord* nm through said haias for the pur
pose of securing told turtles The defendant, oous-
eel, on appearing before Justice Hogan, will clatzu the
diachnrwe of bis cHeiitun thfi groufld. lhat a
not or-&s animal, but
judgment is still
Official,
REGISTRY LIST 1866.
„ CRT OF SAVANNAH; \
OrFia* C’lkojx or Council, June 5, 1866.1
MOTION 2. Be it furttier enacted by Hie 1authority
°. r That from gnu after tire passage of
this Act, all persons shall be qualified to vobf a? the
election of Mayor ami Aldermen of the etty-of Sa
vaonah and Hamlets thereof, who are citizOianf the
United States, have resided in the state of Georgia
foroue year imi^diateiy preceding this election, and
continue so to d6 up to the time of el. ciuta.and
wfthm the cotporate mans of Shvannah for'one
month immediately preceding their registrauou
who have attained themge of twenty-one years, and
have paid all city taxes, or have ia their own right
sufficient real estate to satisfy any tax CAecuUtms
which may be isaned against them, who have made
all returns required by the Ordinance of the city,
'and hare been registered according to the provisions
"HjiAct. [Extract from lb* Registry Laws, pass
ed Sid Janaary, I86i-J
Extract from Ordinance pamed Sec. $rr, 1886:
Skc. 4-And lie it farther ordained.by the authority
aforesaid, That every male raident of said city, be-
tween the ages of twenty-one find sixty yeare, shall
be liable to a poll or fapitau.iq tax of one dollar an-
na ?,.7■ exce P l unly each of said persons as may be
entitled to registry gfid to vote at city elections, and
re Kcd er their munea and pay for the same.
The following nameffpereons have registered their
names since the first Monday in January, 18C6:
Axsou, J 8 K
Barron, Jas-A
Bolsbaw, T H
Boshlor. J H
Bosh lor, Valentine
Buntz, Henry
Berth eta ess, R M
Batter, Gilbert
B.
Bulloch, Wm H
Burroughs, Jno W
Burroughs, W Berrien
Bullock, WmG
Byck. Simon E
Berrien, J M
C.
Insurance.
■ruxi CrUJOA ip
SOUTHERN AND WESTERN
Life and Accident,
INSURANCE COMPANY
f.
V
L
i'v ew Orleans*
Capital,
0300,000
Will
b 1
SEN. JAKES LOHGSTREET, PresiAefil.
AEt PUPAR1D TO
TAKE RISKS
».M
#
Iff
(
H.eamou»ble
■
my2i-tr
Term*.
WILLIAM C. COSENS, Agent,
At Marine Bank.
itJ
Golding, S M
Cameron, Gao H
Crawford. Bembrie
Champion, Aaron
Cope, James E
Cohen, Solomon
Cooper, John
Cunningham, H C
Casey, C C
Cohen, Octavus
Corey, Wm B
Ohrmody, Jas
Cullman, Phillip
Cornell, L M
Colson, Theophilas
MANUFACTURED by
J. M. VENABLE & C o.,
Dumas, Henry B
Daaoey, Jno
Dortch, Jno
D-
Dixon,W D
Dowling, Patk
F.
Petersburg, V a.
FerriU, Jno U
Footman, BabtH
Fnrguson, D
Ford, Thoe O
Fairchild, L J B
Fulton. Silas
FerriU, B B
Also Manufacturers of Superior “Maccoboy," “Rappee,” and other Snuffs, Chewing and
Smoking Tobacco of every grade.
Green, William
Gardner, S
Josiah Macy’s Sons, Sole Agents,
may2!f-3ra.
189 A 191 FRONT8TWEET, MEW VOWK.
Hunter, W P
Haywood, Alfred
Hover, LL
Honlg, A H
Henges, Henry
Commission Merchants.
W. A. Bryant.
Bouse & Bryant,
(Formerly of Jacksonville, Fla.,)
Forwarding and Commission Merchants,
, T 194 Bay
SAVANNAH, - -
Street,
GEORGIA.
orders; and will also keep constantly ou hand a
good stock of Groceries, Liquors, Agricultural Imple
ments, Building Materials, Fairbanks & Co’s Scales,
Ac., besides other goods anil manufactured articles
for sale on consignment, and for which they are
agents. Orders and consignments respectfully so-
icited. alS-lf
iVlcKAY, BLISS St CO.,
Commission Merchants,
I vKAl-KRS in White Oak and Yellow Pine Timber of
1^ all sizes. Cash advances made on consignments
or Timber, Cotton, Naval Stores, Ac.
The above-named house offer unusual facilities for
the sale of Southern Prodnate, and respectfully so
licit consignments.
MoKAY, BUSS A CO.,
_-2£P' b tMSt«k.
KENNETH McLEA & CO.,
Merchants
3P3 BAY STREET,
SAVANNAH, Q A.
Advances made on Consignments or Cotton
airaother produce to iwr friends iu Liverpool and
Now York. a3-3m
THOMAS H. AUSTIN,
General Conmieu ant Forwarding
mehchant,
95 Uity Mi reel, Savannah, Ga.
URVRRS to
Wm. M Tunno A Co., Savannah; Nonrse A Brooke,
New York; flipping, Haiuertl & Co., Columbus,
mio-tf
DAVANT & WAPLES
FACTORS,
Forwardiui; and General
commission mmm.
Having associated ourserves in the above bnsinesa
we respectfully solicit consignments.
In connection with the above, wc hav* a large
brick tire-proof building, known aB the Southern
Warehouse, at the coner of Bay and Lincoln streets,
and are prepared to take cotton or merchandize on.
storage.
R. J. DAVANT, Jr.. . W. D. WAPLES.
Of the late firm of Davant k Lawton.a!8-tf
JOHN S. SAMM1S. & CO.
Forwarding and Commission
MERCHANTS.
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN
Dry Goods, Groceries, kc.,
NOS. I AND 2 SAMMI3’ BtiX)K,
Bey Street, Jackaonville, Florida.
ID. Q. OOMMia.
OBOO. L« MAT
Jas.T. Paterson,
TIMBER,
Lumber & Commission
merchant,
Street, fiavaaaah,
No. 153 Bay
Darien, Georgia.
• Orders for Lumber aolleltad. dfi-M
J. SHAFFER,
In dUdadfrt
FOREIGN AND DtjUBSTtCfBUlTO PRODUCE,
Wzwr Wearaaio* Mamaev,
fipposlte 143 West st, Bulkhaad betweeu Barclay and
BLAIR A BICKFORD,
BER OF
MANUFACTURERS, AND
g TIMBER AttfiEQll-
EVERY DESCRiP-*
. Mill and Lumber Yard on Canal, near Bryan street
office iso Bay street,
ate-tr,, savanna* Ga.
Hotels.
ST. CHARLES SALOON,
B Y A. STAMM, Bay Lay, rear of Poet Office.—
The beat Liquors, 'Ale*, Wines Segura, foe,,
always oa hand. Including a Choice article of BELT-
ER’S WATER, directly Imported from Hersagthnm, ‘
N asaan, and the beet of Rhine Wines.
LUNCH every day at 11 o'clock.
ml2-1y
THE VERANDA HOUSE,
A TWIIITK TLUFF, will be open on and after
Monday, the 9th lntt., for the accomdodation
of Boarders, trr nail nt or permanent.
The snhBcriber, from hia long experience in the
business, can safely guarantee the comfort of thoee
who may giVe him a call-
mylm-if MOSES M. BBL1SARIO.
LITE OIK GLOB HOOKE,
No. 32 GEORG* STREET,
Charleston, South Carolina,
la now open for the accommodation ol transient au
permanent guests.
Choice*! Liquors, Wines, Ales and Segars
always on band.
per
PETER JONES, proprietor."
CHARLESTON HOTEL,
CHARkESTQN, 8. Q.
fftHIS popular and well known Hotel, situated in the
A business portion of the city, has been newly fur
nished tliroognout by the present proprietor, who has
been sixteen years connected with the establishment
u>2C-tt W WHITE, Proprietor.
Port Royal House,
HILTON HEAD, S. C.
RIDDELL *
a. i. biddux-
ju3-tf
PaorniiTOi.
ai.iwa
490 ACRES OF LAND
For One Dollar 1
TO BE RAFFLED FOB,
QN the sixth day of June, one thousand eight hun
dred and sixty-six,
AT THE SCREVEN HOUSE,
in the city of Savannah, Chatham County, State of
Georgia, by a committee of gentlemen selected by the
subscribers,
490 ACRES OF LAND,
Sltwated In Lowndes Csuaty, near Mill*
town. State of Georgia!
The projected Brunswick and Florida Railroad run
ning throngD the southeast part, offers groat facility
for removing to the seaboard the fine cypress, pine
and other Umber to be found on this lot. and a band-
some sum may be bad from the Railroad Company
for the privilege of running their cars through It.
Arrangements may also be satisfactorily entered into
with them (the Railroad Company) for making it a
wood station to .supply their locomotives with fuel.
A stream or water runs through tills land, and lov
ers or the piscatorial art can Indulge their fancy at
all seasons oil the yesr.
The quality of the soil In Lowndes county Is too
highly appreciated for any comments to lie made on
the above. .
TITLES CLF.AR—The winner paying for the trans
fer of the seme to Ms name; find he (the winner) Is to
pay also one hundred dollars to the Savannah Fe
male Orphan Asylum. The present owner of the
land pledges himself to give one hundred dolls rs to
the Savannah Metropolitan Fire Company, if ail the
subscriptions are taken up.
Store
Savannah, Georgia,
Land can be seen.
ngress
where a Plat of the above named
fifi-tf
Advances.
R. ATKINSON & CO„ New York.
JAMES HEWITT & CO., Liverpool.
Advance, made as Cottnm ron.lgsed to
above Hawses.
myiaim
G. P. MACMURDO,
Office at o. Cohenw. 81 Bay street-
GEORGIA STATE DIRECTORY.
For 1866 and 1867.
BY CAPT. JOHIt fi BRAty, OF
SAVANtiAirrGA.
r (S valuable work of reference will be published
on or about the 1st day of July next It
“"“S&tSB«7S,lSS
most
ttahed. ■■ _ .
Mae should toil fo advertise lntt, aa Hi* douhtltoew
splendid medium through which to conformalcnte
frith substantial classes throughout the country.
In the City of New York alone the publisher has
nearly five hundred subacxibera, aad that tot is datty
moons He lOfenuuBi mn uv « *«■
able. * , •
o/c&Maflta S^SrwSfaSa fit I
DeSb rear if fn^-OEtaS -toeh day f
Jordan, Francis D
Johnson, Jno K
Josephs, Antonio
G.
Gilbert, Ctfonr L
Gleason, fiolomon W
H. •
Howard, J U
Hudson, Gao A
Haupt, Jas X,
Henry, E
Hsppe, William
J.
Jachen, Clans
Jansen, Adolf
H. W. Merr-cr
C. S. Hardee
William Uunter
A. 8. llartridge
A. Porter
R. Morgan
J. Stoddard
J. T. Thomas
W. Remshart
P. L. Gab
H. A. Crane
A. A. Solomon.
M. Hamilton
Knorr, Louis
King, Jno
Kirk. Tbos J
Killorin, Patrick
Knapp, N B
Kelly, Jno J
KoUock, P M
L.
LoCUs, Jas
Law.Wm
LippmaiL, Joseph
Ldgan, Jaa J
Litche, H F
Lodge, C L
L&mpc, C
Lamps, Montgomery C
Lovell, J M B]
Lloyd, Thus £
Landrum,. 8y lvsnus
Levin, Michael)
Lee, Chas
Lewie, Jno W
Lark, Peter
M.
McDonald, Donald
MoNelty, J C
■Mercer, Geo A
McConaghy, Jno
McCarthy, M D
McGee, Jas
McGuire, Tbos
Moon, Antoine
Mallette, Dan
■ Markins, Geo
Metzger JnoC
Meyer, M H
Miigill, O A
Miller, A C
Mabel, William
Nichols, Geo 3
Olcott, D G
Olcott, \V H
Prondhoi
Plainer,
Boon. Andrew If
Read, Joe B
Russell, Isaac
Ryan, Cbis E
Reilly, Jas
Ruckert, Francis
Robinson, ilex H
Rogers, E T
Bussell, Waring
N.
Nugent, T, Jr
O.
O’Mahony, Jno
P.
Purse, Thos
R.
Kivlar, Joe B
Kmehart, W
Ray, Jas
Russell, Philip M
Ruckert, FI
Biddle, W P
Robinson, Chas E
Rogers, Geo F
T 1*E
OGLETHORPE INSURANCE CO.
OF SAVANNAH
Are prepared to take '
Fire Bisks on enable Terns,
At thair Office, 117 Buy Street.
H. W. MKRCEB, President.
3. T. Thomas, Dec.
jr|
Directors:
M. 8, Cohen
3. Lauia
J. W. Nevitt '
D Q. Puree
A. Pullurton
J. McMahon
L J. Uullmartln
F. W. 8lffu
* I
■ Batter
ichnson
W. W. Gordon
my7-tf
R. Laclu
K. P. Clatnu, Augusts
J. W. Knott, Macon
B. F. Rosa, Macon
W. H. Young, Columbus
INSURE
■
ACCIDENTS,
Pioneer Company
OF THE SOUTH.
THE SOUTHERN
--i-+ -
AtTlileiit Insurance Go.,
s.
Silva, Jaa 8
Shiels, P K
SwoU, Wm
Sadler, Alex H
Stuart, Lyman 8
Stephens, Henry C
iflnney.- Jno
Schneider, Frank
Sonllard, E A
Stoddard, John
Schley, Jaa M
Stamm, Anton
SmyUuvEfiW*-
Savage, John
Skehau, James
Tapper, F A
Tomson, David
Taggart, Grantham I
Tilden, B G
Torlay, A F
Thomas, Jno T
V.
Vroom, Wm L
Vielaticks, Henry
w.
Wayne, B A
Walker, R D
Weeks, W H
Weisheimer, Jacob
West, J J
WiMberger, Wm H
Wheaton, Jno F
Wade, John
All persons wishing to register are informed that
the Registry Book la anw open at this office. Ail
persona, white or colored, subject to the capitation
tax will at once return theiv names at the Treas
urer's office.
JAMBS STEWART,
je3-10 Clerk of Council.
CITY LICENSES, 1866.
CHY OF SAVANNAH, )
Office Clikx of Council, I
)
Jane 5th, 1866.
Parties carrying onbosineae under the following
heads, and who have not taken out the necessary li
cense rre notified thaUOL defbulten wiR be placed on
the Information Docket of Tuesday, June 1‘ltb, 1866,
on which date the Register WiR be closed untlU alter
July 1st, 1866—the census has been taken and is on
file in this office:
WHOLESALE LIQUOR LICENSES.
RETAIL
COTTON PRESSES.
COTTON PICKINGS.
PAWN BROKERS.
PUBLIC STABLES.
COMMISSION MERCHANTS OB FACTORS.
GRIST MILLS.
SAW MILLS.
SHIPPING MASTERS.
STEVEDOBESRESIDENTANDNON RESIDENT.
WAREHOUSES, i 10 'j. ' •>
COAL AND LUMBER YARDS.
MASTER MECHANICS, taking In contract* for
work
80AP BOILERS.
GAS FITTERS. '
ATTORNEYS.
PHYSICIANS.
DENTISTS.
PHOTOGRAPHERS OB
NON RESIDENT
HUCKSTERS. - . -
KEEPERS OF COOK STOVES OB COOK SHOPS.
•TYPISTS.
JUNK SHOPS.
DROVERS—HOUSES AND MULES.
Extract from Oritntam. Dec. 47.1865.
And any person subject or liable to take out any
such license or budge, and ruling to fo> to for ten days
after the said first day of January inrech yam. ehaU
be liable to a fitte of not mate than tuffy dollar* for
every day’s default on eenvtetten- before- the- Police
C0Urt JAMES STEWART,
je5-9t qmk uf council.
CITY OP SAVANNAH, \
'Orvioa Cuau or Cone oil, June V lafiA-j
Flnt reading of ordinances, meeting of Council
May 30, 1866.
a mix to aa tmm.ni
AM OJtDlMAMCK
To fix the times for payment of ground rent on such
parts ol the city domain as may heaieafter be
sold.
SBC 1. Be it ordained by the Mayor and Alderman
or the city of Savannah,In council assembled, and
it i* hereby ordained bj thn gutAviEy o* the same.
That hereafter lnail sales 'of the dty domain, the
deeds to be executed by the dty t» purchasers-of
such domain, or any part thereof, ahall contain a
etipidation fer the eetnl-anmtal payment or ground
Mi that IS to toy,-Y '
rest an the Ant day
and every year, Ian
heretofore; and that
such aalee, the ~
UVOBBUXO, VA.
Authorized Capital, $1,000,000
INSURES AGAINST
ALL ACCIDENTS,
Giving the holder of an Annual Policy the
lull amount insured in case of death, and
compensation each week, if disabled, for a
period
NOT EXCEEDING TWENTY-SIX WEEKS.
SHORT THE POLICIES,
(93,000 FOR TER CBMTS!)
Travellers’ Tickets, from one • to thirty
days, may be bad at the Railroad Ticket
Offices, Steamship Agencies, and at the
Office of the General Agent.
The Stock of this Company Is exclusively
in Southern hands, and represented by a
Directory widely and favorably known.
We, therefore, appeal with confidence to the
good will and patronage of the Southern
public.
I G
PRESIDENT AND TREASURER,
COL. MAURICE B. LANGHORNE.
VINK PRESIDENTS,
GEN. JOHN B. GORDON, of Georgia.
GEN. HARRY T. HAYS, of Loi
GEN. JOHN B. GORDO!
Chief Agent at Atlanta
Agent for
my£3
O. C. MYERS,
General Agent,
» SAVANNAH, GA.
J. N. WILSON,
Photographer.
PHOTOGRAPHS,
Porcelain & Ambrotype*.
IN THE HIGHEST STYLE OF THE ART.
