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VOL. 2-NO. 131.
The
I’UULISUKD BY
AT
S. w.
Ill Bay Srusrr, Savanhar, Ubo
telub:
P Fl?e Cents.
o.r Hundred bli.
P r \. S10 00,
A DVEKTIBI NO:
T«a<» 0* l« * r ^ per Square of Ten Lines for first lx»-
icr; ou : Oae Dollar for each suDseqaent one.
JOB PRINTING,
In^very styir, neatly and promptly done.
( H1 IiLESTOX EDUCATIONAL INSTITU-
ilO.VS-FREE SCHOOL SYSTEM.
Editorial Correspondence of the News and
Herald. ]
Chableston, June 4, 1866.
wuru about leaving Savanuah, I was requested to
► •nil as detailed an account as possible of the free
Ij. I system of Charleston, which had worked well,
♦He trustees and tutors of the Savannah Free Schools
, : ab »ut to reorganize their free school system. For
:Li£ purpose I placed myself in communication with a
^eniieuiau who had devoted much time And Attention
• tl.e subject of the free schools, and' to whom I am
indebted lor the following lucid and patisfkct^lry state-
a eut 1 " ill, if possible, obtain an account of the
th.r educational institutions of OfiftriestotiA
H; ii 8ch"'d and the Charleston College: :
\W started with the fact that every surrounding of a
Jiild must, of necessity, be educational, physical or
otherwise. One effort, then, was to make everything
contribute «•* Ljs l ,ro P or development. Thus the cite
l ( ,ur houses was selected with the view of rendering
them as lieaithyjaiid pleasant as possible, with spacious
mirroundings. The houses were th en made of euffl
amplitude to accommodate, with generous space,
-. childn n of its vicinage. This, estimated number,
l.. led . theoretically) into as many classes of thirty or
• rtv an w ould secure proper classification of intellect,
f r th* most perfect accommodation of these our
w«re planned, giving one story of the building
t,, each department. Next, a class-room to each class,
iDil an assembly and robe-room to each department,
nth ample stairs, closets, play-room, cisterns, water,
unti for washing, retiring closets—all constructed
anl arranged in the most perfect and convenient
jjiuuer All these rooms, besides commanding the
*•*: aspects, with ample light and air from every quar-
• tinl the means lor regulating these, have each an
. u5 -ial vt-utilalion, and are with fourteen to sixteen
lr-et stories. The walls are covered with blackboards,
Uid furnished with pot only the most comfortable aud
Affluent, but elegant and finished furniture, specie
illj. oiiHtructed for sohools, and adapted to children.
1 am thus full and particular in the arrangemeut
aid appointment of the school-houses; for they secure
me comfort and health of the children for all time,
d up -u their comfort depends their physical de-
.f.'jpment, and, upon this, in great measure, the in-
it-ii. . mal aud moral, aud therefrom the fiual success
use fulness of ull these. Besides, the temjer,
u*U‘, elevation of feeling and character, mannuers
«uJ t iidud generally, are, beyond doubt, influenced
or these surroundings. This will be sufficient for a
c neral understanding of our material preparations.
The books, maps and other machinery oftbe school
are selected by the principal and committee of each
* liool, and established by the Board, with general
: idea aud by-laws.
The organization begins with the appointment of a
principal for each department: one gentleman for the
boys, and for general control. One lady for the girls’
Apartment, aud one for the primary—a teacher, too,
is appointed for each class in the class room.
Each child, as received, is examined by its
principal, and sent to that class to which its
:nmination proves it to be amply qualified for.
n •*. which are carefully selected, aud are con
Siutly progressive arc given to each child; and
each teacher such appliances as can be secured.
A regular progressive programme is drawn up, apor-
l u r which, embracing each study, is given to.each
defining the steps and progress she is ex
ited to take with her class in a given time; with the
only order of exercises, with times for each. Thus
a- ic.- iiat is* respo nsible for her class; has no other
duty; aud L r the condition of the room, its ventila-
2ou, order, and appointments and^ discipline, with no
distracting duty beyond. She is free to use her own
actlioJ, art, action or genius in discipline or teach-
ag, subject to the constant supervision of the prin-
qal, aud who alone has authority to whip.
Inc principals are, in turn, responsible to the.super-
. r ATv committee, and to all the general laws of the
tiri of Commissioners.
.’.Will be observed that there are no stereotyped
books, systems or mach inery, but just a com-
£■« and accurate orga uization and arrangement that
r ~ suable you to secure the best practices and
**»- *ds for the various ages and the most effective*
Lc linger the classes and fewer of them the cheaper,
« brtt-r the classification and the more perfect the
‘acral results.
Ibt; abihty, skill, zeal and experience of the princi-
thu* permeates the whole and leavens the mass,
k admits of teachers of varied ability being em-
>»1 «d, and in the lower class those of a low standard
Uitelifcctual acquirement s may be mad? effec-
though not preferable, with young children
‘- l “ they possess vivacity, tact, or natural gift.
♦• eaablt-8 ulmost every class to be taught effectively
'■!: •ling women, who are ceatamly more successful
^ wiuUlreii, and who were not only intended by
£ -»*cii for the development of children, but whose
is so much better than that of the ruder
^ «tfid by adding so much to the facility andecobo-
* 7oi schools as greatly to aid the cause of general
Caution
• »tuuid add, that as the children iu the primary de
^"aent reach a given standard, the y are sent to a
department for “Boys" and “Girls" where the
*rc separated. Iu the primary, the sexes are
wher iu school, but use different stairs aud play-
^ ^da. A teacher always hfis charge of the
'•.••ground during recess.
‘ ,rUst that the foregoing will afford a sufficiently
^ed uutliue to enable any one to supply detail too
■=■* u*,i , r a communication.
r ibis system tbo school at the Orphan House
4 WcSbiuliv conducted. With one principal (ajady)
^igL: teachers, we thoroughly educate to the
'-‘to whvh education is carried there, three tran-
^ to three huudred and twenty children, at a cost
,4 ^ut tight dollars each per annum.
‘“-Progress and attainments of the• pupils will
^Pttetav.irably, I think, with that of any other
r ‘ ? * 4 e ®gaged in similar studies.
^ Public schools, in Charleston accommodated
"fttbly from three thousand to four thousand
• av.-agiug from eight hundred to one thousand
** “ ts *vh school house.
CLOSING PROCEEDINGS OF TIIE TERM.
Some Opinions of ttic Northern Press
on the Judge’* Charge to the
Grand Jury*
The Richmond Times reports the closing proceed
ings of Judge Underwood’s Star Chamber Court on
'Thursday evening, from which we make the following
extract:
At quarter past six the Judge entered the court
room and ascended the bench. He was immediately
followed by the Grand Jury, who took seats in their
box, when their names were called by the Clerk.
These names have already been published quite often
euough.
The Judge theu asking the foreman, W. T. Harrison,
whether the Graud Jury had any business to report,
Harrison handed him five lolded sheets of paper, say
ing they were indictments.
The Judge read the endorsements on the several
bills, and shuffling the bills tender]}', inquired
whether tho Graud Jury had any thing further to re
port.
The foreman said there was another bill which the
Grand Jury had been obliged to send to Norfolk to
have a blank filled.
The Judge then informed the Grand Jury that they
would not be discharged, but simply adjourned till
the first Tuesday in October next. The court ad
journed to the next regular term, which begun on the
fourth Monday in November, but continued to the
first Tuesday of October, on which day, at 12 o’clock,
the Grand Jury would, without further summons,
meet in this room. He was much obliged to the
Graud Jury for the services they had performed, aud
only regretted that he was compelled to oblige them to
attend agaiu. He then charged them solemnly to keep
secret aU “these matters.” The names of the persons
indicted, and all the conversations, discussions and
debates that had occurred in the Grand Jury room
were forever to be kept a profound secret. He regretted
that some something which should not have been al
lowed to transpire had already been told by a member
of the Grand Jury. The Graud Jurors were to be
protected, and it was especially essential to their pro
tection that secresy should be observed as to all that
had occurred.
The foreman said that with all respect he would
state that the Grand Jury did not wish their proceed
ings to be keptsecret; though policy would perhaps dic
tate the observance of secresy. they desired the world
to know what they had done.
The Judge replied that it was necessary to public
justice that secresy should be observed as to the
names of the persons indicted. You have indicted
several persons, sill of whom are still at large. More
over, some of the members lived in hostile communi
ties, and it would be unpleasant, to say the least of it,
to have repeated and publicly known what had passed
here. The Clerk would give the members of the
grand jury tlielr pay.
The foreman called the attention of the Judge to the
fact that a number of the grand jurors had not attend
ed this session of the court ; those who had attended
“thought it hard.’’ If nothing was done with the de-
linquents the Judge would find it hard to secure the
attendance of a Grand Jury.
The Judge thanked him for the suggestion. No
fines, however, would be inflicted at this session, as
the absentees might have good excuses; but the mat
ter would be inquired into in October. He would now
say if any of those present should find when the time
came that it was extremely inconvenient to attend
next October, their written statement showing the im
possibility of their attendance would be received and
considered. If no such statement was forwarded those
failing to attend would be fined. He had nothing
more to say to them. They were entitled to two dol
lars a day for each day of their attendance, and those
from Norfolk, Fairfax and Alexandria were entitled,
in addition, to mileage. As none of the parties in
dicted had been arrested, he would repeat his caution
against mentioning the names of the indicted persons.
He then adjourned the Grand Jury till the first Tues
day in October.
The District Attorney declaring that there was no
further business, the United States Circuit Court was
adjourned till the first Tuesday iu October.
GENERAL JOHN C. BRECKINRIDGE INDICTED—OTHER
INDICTMENTS. . {
Of the five indictments handed to Judge Underwood,
one was against General John C. Breckinridge. • This
is an ascertained fact; aud the indictment is verbatim
the same as that brought in against Mr. Davis, except
that for the words Jefferson Davis are substituted the
words John O. Breckinridge. The overt act is alleged
in both instruments to have been committed on the
same day, tho loth of June, 18(14. The object sought
to be avtained by the indictment of General Breckin
ridge, who is now in Canada, is to prevent his being
pardoned by the President and his return to his home
in the United Stales. It is considered certain that the
President will not pardon him while he is under in
dictment.
Of the other four indictments one is against the
United States soldier before mentioned, who is charged
with passing counterfeit money; and another is pro-
SAVANNAH,. GEORGIA, TUESDAY, JUNE 12. 1866.
in, auu weu ui»y u6 doubt his capacity t
r with Brown looking through his speeta
PRICE, f. CENTS.
city to cope
ne, curly
F polished
5 spectacles as
upon him, and well may he doubt his
with his
head of
Reed, or
sharp as a terrier.
“The sixteen jurors being all empanelled the
Judge commenced to read, iu a clear but trembling
voice, hie charge to them—and such a charge ’ I do
not*rcpeat it here, for the papers will give it to you iw-
batim. Suffice it to say it was never equaled bv any
thing in the whole annals of ofjmjsprudjmcc, not even
by the charge by the uma judge at .Norfolk, "jit' fidr-
ly out-UnderwoodedJInderwopd. Tboicountatiiucea
of the assemblage, daringtheflelivefc-of this Wonder
ful written doentaent, were something worthy of the
pencil of Hogarth. Every sign of mirth, from the
halt incredulous smile to the fully appreciative broad
grin, were there visible. Learned lawyers sat listen
ing with lifted eye—brows, aud mouths agape with as
tonishment ; the wicked press gang punched each
other hilariously in the ribs as each successive popgun
came booming against the press ; gentlemen sat pleas
antly staring at each other, evidently trying to dis
cover a likeness between them and the savages of
Mozambique and Senagambia. The whole thing in
tolerable, vulgar, and insulting as it was—was far too
rich to excite anger ; tho one pervading feeling was,
incredulity aud astonishment, mingled with pity for
the exhibitor. The wicked animus of a Jeffreys was
completely lost sight cf in the amusing bombast of a
Buzfuz.
Final Report of the Reconstruct ion Com
mittee.
[IVe find in the Richmond papers of tho 8Ui the fol
lowing telegraphic synopsie of the report of the Re
construction Committee, a brief abstract of which we
have previously published:]
Washington, June 8.—The final report of the Re
construction Committee, setting forth tho reasons for
the uction of the majority, was read in both Houses of
Congress to day. The conclusions of the Committee
are, briefly, that the people South proved them
selves insurgents and traitors, and forfeited theu all
political rights and privileges; that the “so-called Con
federate States” are not entitled to representation in
Congress; that betore allowing it, adequate security
for the future peace aud safety of the country should
be required from them, and this can only be found in
Osmapendeact Of Out News aid
.... 9 . w „,Herald.-
Fokt Valley. G \.,4ane Ttb, 1866.
Messrs. Editors:—The crops of cottqn lu this sec-
tion of country, so far. are very backward and indif
ferent. We have hail in former -year*, at fUa'flake,
cotton blooms and squares. Thii backwardness i*
owing to a late spring. After the
very heavy rains came upon it, which packed the laud,
inAhe snn emstbd the top of the beds, niaiing^il
equitable basis; a stigma should be fixed on treason,
and protection given to the loyal people against future
claims for expenses incurred in the rebellion and for
slaves emancipated by the war, together with an ex
press grant of power to Congress to enforce these
provisions. To this end the Committee advocate the
joint resolution amendatory of the Constitution of the
United States and the two separate bills designed to
carry the same into effect. The Committee claim, in
conclusion, that these bills arc the result of concilia
tion and concession. The report is signed by ten Re
publican members. The dissentients are Senator
Johnson and Representatives Grider aud Rogers
The committee say that the governors appointed by
the President could not exorcise any hut military
power or authority. They had no power to organize
civil law or governments. Neither had lift President
any other than military power. He might, perhaps,
have jiermitted the people to initiate local govern
ments, and execute such laws as they might choose t<
enact, and it he waa satisfied they could he safely le t
to themselves, lie might withdraw the military force
altogether, aud leave the people to govern themselves
without his iuterfercnce. The gigantic civil war was
necessarily subject to all the rule* which, by the law
ot uatious, centered in a contest of that character, and
to all the legitimate consequences following it. One
of these was, that within the limits prescribed by hu
manity the rebels were at the
querors.
The committee continued to say, from the whole
mass of testimony submitted by the President, it ap
pears that in no instance in tlffe Bontnerii States wag
any regard paid to any other consideration than ob
taining immediate admission to Congress under tho
barren form of an. election, iu which, no precaution
was taken to secure regnhirity of proceedings or the
assent of the people. No constitutions have been
legally adopted, except, perhaps, that of Tennessee,
and such elections as were held were without the
authprity of law. Tho committee areaccordingly
forced to conclude that the Southern States have not
placed themselves in a condition to claim representa
tion in Congress, unless all the rules which have,
since the foundation of the Government, been deemed
essential in such cases, be disregarded.
The committee review at length the condition of tho
Southern people, saying that the latter claim as a
right the privilege ot participating at once in the Go
vernment they sought to overthrow, while their press
abouud iu abuse of loyal States aud loyal lueu, and
efforts are made to perpetuate deadly hate aud discord
between the two sections, and to ;ex«ite hostility
against the Federal Government. Indeed, all feeling
of conciliation on the part of the North has been
treated with contempt.
Thu bitterness and defiance against the United
States has been unparalleled in tho history of the
world, considering the circumstances. Iu return for
our leniency, we recaivo ouly insulting denial ot onr
authority; iu return for onr kind desire for tho re
sumption of fraternal relations, we receive only the
bably against a person in this city who was a short I ”7“ assn.Hv h o’. . . ,
time since arrested for the same offence. Who are the j Lmci mrivemn” 1 n ° e
• ll 1 'INSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS IK A NCT-SH*1.L.
-■ *»re no less than sevonty propositions before
-Pcs* ; amend the Constitution, All having for
I, “ ll!0 Uie elevation of the African. The following,
I 41 exchange, would cover the ground sought to
by i i,,- proposed amendments;
1 ' iV‘» heedmau eh»U h»ve s bureau for himself,
‘‘•"ku.g-gUss oh the lop, if no wants it.
. - tv ireedman shall have a secretary.
‘ tv" 5 i ned “ r 8irl shall have a wardrobe.
Hitt
heed child shall have whatever it cries for.
people, whether .free or not must behave
' ,:r -’ w bite mule citizen of the age of twenty-one
; r and, r, and of sound mind or otherwise, may
- i.. ,"- take the oath that he would boa negro
’ of Gold in
Pictures or Su-xma.”—The
t extract from President Johnson’* address
^ ‘oxugur.uoa of the Soldiers’ snd Sailors’ Fair
^ ***ungton, is so beautiful In sentiment and lan-
u is worthy of the chamcteriaation given
>f “s word fitly spoken
• Hii&on
I Oy.^uice that "the land i* no ledger to be
Xniiri 1 hatemal bond. He would not re-open
r»ork . d ““k® them bleed afresh; that was
war, and contest snd struggle, growing
Ih** n apprehensions. Tours is the Work of
tlie balm that healing may take place,
V . 18 more proper to that end than to take up
HeSH*? or Phans'*n4 educate them ?
’•'d "ext on the other side, and what .did he
felMBSSIfiSES
I buy, “rife, it was war; now they sleep in alternate
r'ttifji 1,l, - lt >» peace, and let peace do its work.
S i" 1 ' country and government would bo
peace, and that confidence knd respect
rw»™ Jtil eb everywhere would be restored ; <tiut
aud disturbing elements which sep-
'f-ided ns in the pMt may pMiawty. He
<f>st the asylum which it waa proposed
extensive enough to blast all
Ijk Onegin should not inquire what mode
reeled we have uotTieard conjectured.
With this we conclude our reports of Judge Under
wood's Circuit Court till next October.
THE NORTHERN PRESS ON JUDGE UNDERWOOD’S CHARGE.
The New York Herald says editorially : T&is is an
axtraordinary case, and the opening charge of Judge
Underwood to his Grand Jury was one of the most ex
traordinary upon record, and after an extract from the
charge, closes with the following :
“We must say that his violent denunciations of
Richmond and its people en masse were better adapt
ed for a stump speech from Parson Brownlow, or a
lecture from that unt&meable shrew,IWendell Philips,
or for such a savage as Judge Jeffreys on his bloody
assize, than f^r a United States court upon a case of
treason.
The New York News has this notice of the charge ;
“In view of the very grave aud important issues
that may come before the present term of the United
♦States Circuit Court at Richmond, the charge of Judge
Underwood to the Grand Jury, that under any cir
cumstances would be considered lacking in judicial
dignity, exhibits a degree of intemperance, petulance
and harshness that will impress the public as being
strangely out of place upon so solemn an occasion.
The charge, instead oCbeing, us it should liavo been, a •
calm and dispassionate analysis of the duties of the
responsible body to which it was addressed, was a
violent' and ill-natured harangue, conceived iu the
worst possible taste, and calculated to inflame the
prejudices of the jury. Judge Underwood, in fact,
confined his remarks to the utterance of invective
against the public press and to the detonation of the
city and people of Richmond. This furious assault
upon the capital of the Okl Dominion will probably
be quite a surprise to its inhabitants, who have been
accustomed to regard their city with some degree of
pride, as. having earned a reputation quite different
from that thrust upon it by tnis judicial censor. The
intelligence, morality aud hospitality of the people of
Richmond have been acknowledged by many sojourn
ers there who are, at least, us competent to form an
opinion as Judge Underwood aud an enlightened
world will not readily recognize iu the record of that
locality the fearful attributes rendering Richmond
more infamous among men than all the cities along
the coasts of Senegambia,-Upper and Lower. Guinea,
Congo, Lounge, Angola and Benguela combined.
“SUch is the languigi of Judge Under wood from the
judicial bench that he disgraces with his furious vitu
peration. We can conceive that a lawyer, in the
heat of an appeal o a jury, might indulge in such
philippics%is in his zeal lor lus client might seek
to help his cause by drawing such false pictures ; but
that a magistrate should make his charge to the Grand
Jury au occasion to veut his spleen aud passipu, and
to insult the community in whose midst he is com-
misssouede-to fulfil its official functions, is, to say the
least, humiliating to a people wbohayeany considera
tion for the purity and dignity of thel/judicial system. ’
That most able and dignified of American Journals
tfeus comments upon the Judge aud his charge :
“We could not but *eel that this was a time for d
Marshall to occupy the seat of justice, so that the im
posing spectacle of so great a trial should be in keeping
with the dignity and historical interest of the occasion*
We were unwilling that on sach a memorable occasion
should run any {hazard of belittying ourselves. We
desired to see a manifestation of dignity, propriety,
elevation, impartiality and moderation worthy of our
prestige among the nations.
“ We remember in the famous trial of Charles I. the
event is noted that one of the audience spat upon the
king as he was being taken out of the court. We
hoped to see nothing of this on the trial of Mr. Davis.
“We confess, therefore, under the influence of these
ideas, we read Judge Underwood’s charge With a cer
tain degree of solicitude,, and we are sorry to say that
by the time we had got through with it we had no ne
cessity of praying 4 to be delivered from all vainglory,’
for we were humbled enough in all conscience."
“We were, perhaps, unreasonable in hoping for
what we did, for Judge Underwood cannot be other
than himself. He can no more play the role of Judge
Marshall than Judge Marshall could have played the
role of Judge Underwood.
Wd most .take Judge Underwood as we find him,
and we may readily concede that he has done his best,'
and if it is no better, it is not his fault so much os his
misfortune. As some persons cannot distinguish
colors, so others-arc insensible to the concord of sweet
sounds. If Judge Underwood is a person of very or
dinary intellect, of but little literary or legal cultiva
tion and worse taste, and under the influence of the
most violent prejudice, he deserves our pity, more
perhaps, than our denunciation.”
The New York Times does not notice the Judge and
his Court editorially, bat its astute Richmond corres
pondent lets off the following in the face of “ Your
Honor:”
‘Yferlly, is it not timerthot the curtain had fallen upon
this farce? Let the Chief Justice exercise the authority
ths new law giverf him, and call a special- session of
the Circuit Court, and at the appointed time let the
trial of Davis proceed with somethiug like judicial
regularity and decorum. All such exhibitions as we
have had of late are tending to belittle the Goyern-
ment in the wes of a people by no IqItv tifi see
it placed in sfleb • position, and should b* Adufott
avoided.’’ ” - • * *
since forfeited. The crime we have punished is par
a virtue, aud the principles of Republican
government which jre have vindicated at a cost so
terribje are denounced unjust and-oppressive. The
committee then recapitulate the eveuts before aud
during the war. including the withdrawal of Senators
and Representatives, etc., and declare that the great
mass of the people . became insurgent and traitorous,
and all of them assumed and occupied the political,
legal and practical relation of enemies of the United
States. The state of affairs did not cease until their
armies fell and their cause was lost: These people
were then recalled to the condition ot enemies con
quered in war, and entitled only by public law to
such rights and privileges and conditions as might be
vouchsafed by the conquerors. Having tlins acted,
they have no right to complain at their temporary
exclusion from Congress; but, on the contrary, having
renounced voluntarily their right to representation
and disqualified themselves by crime from participa
ting in the Government, the burden rests upon them
before claiming to be reinstated in their former posi
tions, to show that they ought to resume their Fed
eral relations. Iu order to do this they must prove
they have established, with tho consent of the people
a Republican form of government, in harmony with
the Constitution and laws of the United states; that all
hostilnpurposes have ceased, and that they have given
adequate «to*iitees againakThturp treason and rebel-
4u|i Which will be sotisfactm? t 4fl Goverttihent
against which they rebelled and by whose army they
were subdued, and they con only bo restored to civil
and political rights by the permission and authority
of tbat Constitution and power against which they re
belled.
difficult for the sprouts to come through,
being old, much of it rotted in the-beds; thereby
causing a tirin' or bad stand. "'
I am satisfied for several reasons, which 1 wiU atste;
that a half crop cannot be mode. First, the- wtondi^fr
cotton are poor, aud it is later bj' a month
than it should be. There are not .morei Ahim half
the liauds employed in its culture that
iu 1800, and in planting cotton on bmd^that
in com for two or three years you may
as much gross, aud with the labor a
far less controllable. There is far less cofcLffi
than there lias been for many years back* oail^wncp
body's coiton is grassy. Indeed I never saw dgrtopirsq
universally grassy before. From what I havegaeu aryd
heard, it is my opinion that many farmera will be
effectually cured ot cott>in-piantiog»4f theyare not ut
terly broken, by the result of theifjefforts titia year,
especially the emigrant cotton-fortane makers.
The wheat crops have been materially injured by
the heavy ruing, wbich have given it. rust. The corn
crop is tolerably good; but there is oot eaougb plea ted,
, should it yield ever so well, to supply tbs deaaand.
" The freedmen ere working for wages, and pretty
generally spend ihcir earnings as fast-as they make it,
rad at the end of the year they win neither have
money nor provisions. Taking everything into con
sideration, the whites aud blacks will be no better off
in January, 1867, than they were in Jatmacp,186d, and
iff a great many cases I fear they vrfll be inuch #6nia
[iff. The state of affairs as they now present them
selves is truly deplorable, snd it is quitewltkefy to be
come worse this winter, snd' probably tb| next year.
This year has proven to many of onr best farmers that
free labor, as it exists here, cannot be relied upon to
raise cotton. The experiment bos shown that it can
not be done successfully. Contracts are violated with
impunity. The freedmen are not responsible, and
leuve their employers at pleasure. Turn him off, and
you can’t replace him; bring him back and he leaves
again if once displeased, and then he works no more
for you or for himself if he can avoid it. The cultiva
tion of cotton requires strict attention and a thorough
kudu-ledge ef its culture, and a few days’ absence ot
laborers sometimes causes the loss of the crop, espe
eially in a vesr like this, when there has been so much
rain and grass to contend with. .
The Freedmen’s Bureau is a great nuisance towbRei
and blacks, and is very much complained of by both
1 can’t see wherein it benefits either. Ifafrcedmsn
violates his contract he is not responsible, snd the in
jury ho has done you iu the loss of his labor is a cloar
loss. If tho white man injures tlie freedmau in any
way, and the Bureau fines the white man, the freed
man gets no part of the fine. tv. F. P.
Hotels.
Insurance.
Insurance.
ST. CHARLES SALMON,
B y k. TfciS uS’i.' ifiir rtF P.xff f Offl C e,—
The best Liq»i**rK^ _uis, Wim*-* Sej^ars, Ac.,
always on flapd, uu*iutiim*.*vcliGk* art»«h>of8ELT-
EH'-S WATfflf-, »!»rec!lyH , »i]*ortC'1 fl -ra igtiinm,
rol2»ly
SOUTHERN
Nassau, and the best cf Kline- U’i ,.
LJINOHaVcrv.ly, 11 u ij clo. i..
-UF »!■ . 1JLX I
THE VERANDA HOUSE,
A T WHITE • LUFF, \*tL J upon .*•»*. *h I after
Monthly, the ’Jin Iu*>t-., f *r the i»cc:>miuotlatk>ii
ot Roam. is. twiisimt or pcrmaneiit.
The snfiscriber, from bin loag fxi-crience in the
boif M^TwuTssruiy jraarar.tee the comfort of those
who may give him a call*
ioy2«-:f- UoSLS M. BKLISARfO
LIVE OAK CLUB HOUSE,
^ ..TREET,
Charleston, South Carolina,
■snow open for liojjfccomunsla; ir.n of tv.m-.ient ai
pmnhnoni. guetfs.
Choicest Liquors Wines, Ales ami Sugars
ALWAYS ON BAlil*.
Terms, S3 per Day.
i r»Mlf. moog. PE I’KK JONES. Proprietor.
HOTEL,
CMAWLESTON, S. C.
fltHlS populat and well known hotel, situated in the
* business portion of the city, lias beeo-newly fur
nished tbroughont by the present proprietor, who ha.
beeff-sixtecn yi-.ns connected with the establishment
W WHITE, Proprietor.
Commission Merchants.
I. P. Bods*. W. A. Bezant, f
Bouse & Bryant,
(Formerly of Jacksonville, Fla.,)
Forwarding and Commission Merchants,
104 Bay Stroot.
SAVANNAH, jM - -, s ' 'GEORGIA,
W ILL give prompt attention to receiving and for
warding goods, sales on consignment, and on
orders; and will also keep constantly on hand a
g'Rid stock of Groceries, Liquors, Agricultural Imple
ments, Building Materials, Fairbanks ft Co’s 8calt-a,
& besides other goods aud manufactured article^
for sale on consignment, and for which they are
agents. Orders and consignments lespectfally so-
icited. gl8-tf
[Prom the Richmond Times. J
Masonic Grand Lodge ot the State oT
1 New xflrix.
This body began its annual session at Irving Hal],
New York, on Tuesday, June 5tb, M. W. G. M.
Holmes presiding. After the ordinary ceremouuis
the M. W. Grand Master delivered au address, re
viewing his business and the principal Masonic
events of the year. He deprecated the disposition ex
hibited on the part of certain persons to keep alive
the flame of dissension resulting from , the rebellion,
and warned brethren from bringing such matters be
fore the lodges. At the same time he recommended
and praised the action of tfic order id Relieving tlie
suffering Southerners :
“We should let the past be forgotten, and should
permit gentle charity to fold from, view .tlfe pages of
our recent history, upon which are" written carnage
and the the terrors of war. Peqpe, like au angel, bear
ing healing on .its wings, 1" -retrained to ns ^private
feeling lias happily yielded to -tlR -BetiigiFinflueuaeS
exercised by public tranquility ; private feuds are
being forgotten; and in theBc. things >ra.'»h Maaous,
find munitions which point out to us the way that we
should go.” ,
A LETTER FROM GENERAL WASHINGTON.
McKay, ujliss & uo„
Commission Merchants,
I lEALERS in White Oak and Yellow Pine Timber of
t-' ull sizes. Cash advances made on consignments
of Timber, Cotton, Naval Stores, Sit.
The above-named house offer nnusnol faculties for
Ihe sale of Southern Products, and respechtatiy so
licit consignments.
MoKAY. BUSS ft 00.,
<l21-tawtf 165 Broadway, N. Y
K. Mo LEA.
J. H. CARTER.
■ ;ftnj .
KENNETH McLEA & CO.,
Commission Merchants
202 BAY STREET,
SAVANNAS, BA
; XSf~ Advances made on Consignments of Cotton
aud other produce to our friends in Liverpool and
New York, ’ Oddm '
Port Royal House,
HILTOiV HEAD, S. f.
RIDDELL ft
X. a. EUMIELL.
I *3-11
■ US ft PbopkiitOs.
Miscellaneous.
GEORGIA STATE DIRECTORY.
For 1866 anqL;lS67\
BY CAPT. JOHN C. BRAIN, OF
SAVANNAH, <1A.
T HIS valuable work of reference will be published
on or about the 1st day of Jrily next. It will
embrace the exact locati-in of eviry business and
professional man iu the S utc of Georgia, as well as
the private residences in all the citie«, and will be the
moot extensive and complete directory ever pub
lished. No business man should bn without it, ami
none should fail to advertise in It, as it is doubtless a
Splendid medium through which to communicate
with substantial classes throughout the country.
In the Cito of New York alone the publisher has
nearlfflve hundred subscribers, and that list is daily
on the increase The price' of subscription is within
the reach o’ every business man, however limited his
means. The advertising teims arc likewise reason
able.
Copt. Brain and his General Agent, J. Orrie Lea,
ot Charleston, may Ijl-conferred-wiih -it Estill’e News
" ‘ rear of Post tiffice, eai*fc day for the nexi
after t’ c hour of one ,P. M. mjiiO-lm.
lUICH OFFICE
KNICKERBOCKER
LIFE INSURANCE CO.
1STo. 89 Bay Street,
8AVANJVAH. 6a.
Policies Issued and Losses Paid
■A.T THIS OPPIOE.
CREDITS
Given to holders of Mutual Policies of
oO PER CENT.,
if desired, when the premium amounts to
$50 or
Tub
Q-hbat
SOUTHERN MID WESTERN
life and Accident
INSURANCE COMPANY
or
N"ew Orleans*
Capital, - - - $300,000
GEN, JAMES LONGSTREET, President.
ABB FBBPABID TO
take RINKS
Ueftaonable T erxnm.
WILLIAM C. COSINS, Agent,
"•J 8 *- 11 At Marine Bank.
INSURE
AGAINST
ACCIDENTS.
Pioneer Company
OF TIIE SOUTH.
THE SOUTHERN
Accident Insurance Co.,
IN EXISTENCE.
ALSO,
JUDSONS
DEAD SHOT WORM CANDY
“ MOTHKItS, TAKK HKKD.”
Thousands of children perish annually from one
cause, and that is werms. Why will you neglect the
first symptoms of these pests of humanity, and wait
nntU it ta too late before yon administer the remedy f
JUDSON’S WORM CANDY is the only piTbxi.y Vege
table remedy in existence. If there are no worms.
It only acts as a gentle purgative, aud cannot harm
an infant. Ir worms exist, it kills them. Even-
family should have a package of JUDSON’S WORM
CANDY. „
’Sole Agent for Savannah, C. H. HILSMAN.
DIVIDENDS
THOMAS H. AUSTIN,
General Commission ami Fomriinn
MKROSCAlffT,
95 Bay Street, Savannah, Ga.
Wm. M. Tntuo ft Co., Savannah; Nourse ft Brooks,
New York; Upping, Hanaerd ft Co., Col ambus. 1
m20-tf
Some months ago I Received a letter from S' friend,
in which it was elated that au original- Masonic letter,
written in 1782 by our illnetrioue brother, Georgo
tVaehington, and a lock of hie hair, were In the posses
sion of a lady who resided in this State. I subsequent
ly went to the residence of General. Ward, at Sing
Sing, where I saw these very interesting relics; Two
brethren from the Grand East of Nantes had written
a very flattering letter to Washington, and presented
to him a very highly ornamented sash and Masonic
apron. Washington replied from his headquarters at
Newburg, as follows ;
“State of New Yobk, August fO, T
Gentlemen—The Masonic ornaments whii.
companied your brotherly address of the 23d of joiifi;
ary last, though elegant m themselves, were rendered
more valuable by the flattering sentiments and affec
tionate manner in which they were presented." If my
endeavors to avert the evil. with which' the country
was threatened by a delibcratoplan of tyranny, should
be crownod with the success that is Washed, the praise
18 due to the Grand Architect of tho Universe, who did-
nut see fit to suffer his superstructure of justice to
be subjected to the ambition of the princes of this
at °K& < xassais4is6rE k
grateful aud offer mine for trqe brothers in all parte
of the world, and to assure you of the Sincerity. with
winch I am, yours, -j i
Gkorgk Washington. -
“Messrs. Watson and CaaaouL JBastof Nantes.”
The apron referred to is now at Alexandria, Va., in
possession of Washington Lodge, No. 22, and is kept
in the box which contained, the Lafayette apron, the
latter being in poasesaiou of the Grand Lodge of Penn
sylvania. _ ,i
We have not, as a Grand Lodge, a single relic of our
immortal brother, but here at hMd are those which
are of great value, and I should feel great pride, iu
common with the whole craft, if they were possessed
DAVANX & WAPLES
FACTORS,
PoFwaTding- and General
COMMISSION MERCHANTS.
Having associated ourserve* in the above busineoa
we respectfully solicit consignments. ^ .-
Warehouse, at thu corner of Bay aud Lincoln streets,
and arc prepared to take cotton or merchandise on
storage. - gTTx 1 1 i T>
t. J. DAVANT, Jo., W. D. WAPLSS.
Of t be late firm of Devont ft Lawton. olS-tl
B. L. JUDSON A CO., Prop’rs,
' New York.
Call on Mr. Hllsman, and get onr Almanac, gratis.
niyl8-lm
Prime White Corn.
3 A A A BAGS to arriv -per steamer LEO.
• V W For sale by
OCTAVU9 COHEN.
i suns. &
FurwmrtUng and Commlssloa
MERCHANTS.
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS Bt *
Dry Goods,. Groceries, Ac.,
! <1108 1 AND 2 RAMMIK’ BLOCK,
ftekaonfflie, Florida.
BD. 0. IA1MII. OB AS. L. MAT—
Jas.T. Paterson,
Emigrants Can be Supplied
WITHIN TEN DAYS!
fllHK undersigned are prepared to supply Planters
■I and other parties who may he in want ol WH1TL
LABORERS, sad have made necessary arrange
ments iu the North to U’i any orders for agriculture
Laborers, Wood<;u”_rs, Mechanics, etc., within Ten
or Twelve days fromt lie day the order is given here.
The Laborers are to received by the Employers
on arrival.of the steamer here, -and transported to
the points where they are wanted ut Employers’
expense,'and the Employers have further to pay a
certain stun [>er head in advance, partly as security
find partly Jar covering the expenses in bringing the
Emigrants from the North to this port.
Tito rue at which Farming Laborers can be se-
cu«ftWHIiaverageubout$150 per year, the Employ
en Audio* them.. . , u. To . - ■-
apply to
WM. MORYILLK.ft CO.,
Jones’ Block, Bay street.
One door East of Barnard street,
karannah, Ga.
BBFERENCES:
Jackson ft Lowtou, savannah.
John W. Anderson ft 8on, Savannah, i
Solomon' Cohen, Savannah-
Jno. C, Perrill, Savannah.
Nlcholls, Camp <f Co., Savannah
Geo. A. Cnyler, Savannah.
W.'R.-Fleminff,Savannah.
JotaRereveay Savanonh.
Brigham, Baldwin <f Go , Savannah
Savannah National (Link Savannah.
as
— .-330- ri TTi-r- s—0
THOM. W. BROOKS
MANUFACTURER OP
FURNITURE AND GENERAL
l~. UPHOLSTERY.
' ■ * * ’•••O'.n 1 MvST-tr
V«. 158 aar Street,
am.
Darien, Creorgia.
would be their prufrw
them togoetoewhgg^jl^e
The Masons of "Virginia commend the desire of the
G. M. of the tj. L. at New York to peases* these valua
ble relics for lu* mother male Grand Lodge. But
^ maythcyiiot, poor Southerner*** ths, are, deaireto
After describing the delay of the Judge <p : wwV i ffe ) hjyj r up *** ^ ^ ct 4e Ca ° . e _? n ^ td .. L( ^g e ot th” old
is amiearsnce on the a rut ,i„„ *i— , n q’fXmiinniwe.Hii the wtoffter-uf- Washington and of
lereby demonstrate, If required, that
they cau be proper owstoOian* of these yptaabfo re-
bis appearance on tbe first day of the court, <he cor
respondent of the New York World says
'At last, at five minutes past one precisely, there
) a slight movement at the door, snd in came Ju<‘
Underwood, ocoompamod by Assistant District
laocsOy and other, officers of the eoui
yhis-seat amid deep silebcS.-
•Of all that crowd, the most unhappy looking'
the Judge himself. There he sat; trying to ah-
e an air of nonchalance by reading a news-'
~ but trembling with evident nervousness, wnd
; as if he were lh» man on friaL Certainty any
novice, were this the first court-room ha ever
saw in his lift, might akUIy have mistaken the jmWs
beech for the prisoner’s dock. Tbe judge would" raad
a little, apparently, then scratch his head, twitch his
Angers, and afty rgaynucript tifjUy be-
ery eye
lies.
r-sb.
ei|*?2X-t
green, sixty-tv
kiln di
> .Wi
TT
water
^ A
able toot v*f
. wo pounds; a cubic foot of hard wbod,
•two pounds; air dried, fccty-aix pound*-,
dried,. fWSyjWfhfla- AdtEfc foot of soft wood,
green, weight -Juty-three: pftinds; air dried, thirty
pounds; fthf dried, twenty-eight fprOinda A euW*
loot of cast iron weighs four hundred and flty pounds;"
wrought iron, four hundredaodjlghty pqhnds; coke,
fifty to forty-five pouiiftij ciMisUvfcSiff,.if, ninety-
five pounds; utuOMdinhtKdred Tuid forty
pound*; granite,. on*. tmuArwt jmd eighty paeiada;
bnck work,ninati-hve pound*.
-• ud--.- *-i!:;’..' in yti.' -
j JBW Juftiin* TSIla It- in Oitl no d’ernot ri-ooj; F
■r:oano k- sa-veaxiS jus i’an 78
si., ,)i:. A ft y.ZUOO IsO'VATGW --
T.J.
Ooiwml —lQP- Domior
FOREIGN ANDDLMUHTiCFRUITS amuPHoddcB.
Far W asbinotom Masket,
Opposite 1« Welt at, Mtteafl between Bteclay sag
/. » .• #""*•& S X
consignment* promptly attakcdto.
" Before to A. L. Bradley, A. Haywood,
and J. H. Paraona
q *■■■:■■ ■ • andlv
AND
AND LUM
_ OF BYSRY’^DBBCRIP-
111, foFtoldflSIftuTI).-
Mill and Lnmber Yard
Mi'linei’vsiifi&feld Smiih
BREWEBS CF fi ^ PCRTER
r -iiOi:u fll t n PCRTER
RCT"" no <? ‘ VF5 r r V.’Y^"V
•raE undersigned i
ft for the citv for
having been appointed sole agent"
* for tbe city for the above well known, ana su
perior VM* Warranted to Mind in any climate), an
now prepared to supply the dams In padksgee to suit
'^tMmo*’ CUNNINGHAM, PURSE ft CO.
G aft AT SOUTHERN
m NrnCKlRKlC
- - WgriW(Earvelagea,TutaeWond
•lihrfi«i8c* M il r i_
baying our goods In large lots direct f
—■ nahlw — ta —pOvi
'wMWMhitiu&m iAMi
kU tfee hash fhpirWMn^* - ’: ““
tpaid iorwU ktnflaof
‘ixrl.-ad.’ij •i: a ■ : i* f
a t» JXOQ'AHXm BiBT ,i.ti--i-A'»rf»
made to holders of Mutual Policies as follows:
PAID IN CASH,
APPLY ON PREMIUM NOTES, or
ADDED TO THE POLICY".
The latter or REVERSIONARY DIVI
DENDS declared by this Company iu 18C5
were trom FORTY-FOUR to ONE .HUN
DRED AND TWENTY PER CENT., ac
cording to age.
Ten Year, Non-Forfeiture,
ENDOWMENT,
AND
Life ^Policies
Issued by this Company.
No Eitra Charge for Southern Residence
A. WILBUR, General Manager.
WM. R. BOYD, Agent.
Dr. R. D. ARNOLD, Consulting Phyiir’a.
je7tf
1,000,000
INSURES AGAINST
ALL ACCIDENTS,
l f" •-
Giving the holder^ of an Annual Policy the
lull amount insured iu case of death, and
compensatioa each week, if disabled, for a
period
NOT EXCEEDING TWENTY-SIX WEEKS.
SHORT THE POLICIES,
($3,000 FOR TEN GENTS t)
Travellers’ Tickets, from one to thirty
days, may be bad at tbe Railroad Ticket
Offices, Steamship Agencies, and at the
Office of the General Agent.
The Stock of this Company is exclusively
in Sonthern hands, and represented by a
Directory widely and favorably known.
We, therefore, appeal with confidence to tbe
good will and patronage of the Southern
public.
LEXINGTON, VA.
T HE H°4HH of VISITORS will meet at .Ihe Vir-
ginia Military Inert tat* t,n the t7rh of June, to
make appointment* of Cadets. Applications for State
V**** ■PPOflrt^effiftWlll lHe made to tbe un-
derrfgaed, accompanied WHb the uroal testimonials
of gooQoonl c^vMCtMr. . w , :
Candiflatee for appointment must be exempt from
bodily disease; of ages between W snd 2ft ye«r?, and
ntkcinolJate Cadet oppHeants. must satisfy
H* e Boyd of UtoffjnoNilty.taaiaet The expenses of
the Institution. , . , .
Candidates for adartssldn tdosf be able to read and
write walk and tovwfenwwithfti flliy and accuracy
ihe va, fous operations ol lim four ground tales ol
arithmetic, of reduction, ot simple and comtoand
proportion, and of vulgar and decimal fractions.
State Cadet* (one for each Senatorial District) will
be supplied with b.*rd sod haftkiw without charge.
«f WtehOMtura, and to put-in-fell operation its weU
tried *nd dial laflllto qyufoai did taCl, line and t infrac
tion. ; “ ’ »,. ,,
The gTsdnatfaff exercises of the instilutlon will
take place asdftn fUtuto oh (he «th of July. The
exaiamatipas wiUeonuneaee on the 27th of Jane.
zsmmsmmsur
roc nil mrsnex- Hnormaffon, application will be
made to tbe tiapcxinlcndent. -j , a
FRANCIS- H. SMITH,
Huperintendent.
Auguets ConstMatlemaMat please Insert six times,
and send hill io HdaoMce. ii.,., may2*-6t w.
OFFIOHn*.
FSKSIDBKT AMD IftKASUBBB,
COL. MAURICE S. LANGHORNE.
VINK PRESIDENTS,
GEN. JOHN B. GORDON, of Georgia
GEN. HARRY T. HAYS, of Louisiana
GEN. JOHN B. GORDON,
Chief Agent at Atlanta. G> ,
Agent lor the State.
O. Q. MYERS,
SATAMMAM, GA.
THE OGLETHORPE
W* HAV * BRMOYBD from 1*3 Congress s
FT to 171 BAY MMBftbdtwoen Barnard
t. W SIKEUB.
(LatfrSrcetsMMlTtiii;) " " •
AliBflNkMliCM-'^ * “Ji
• odw •
.vafrio hoog hue toiap to »?<
ausO'JSt .i •
yumoaT to
Insurance
Of iAVARNAH
Are prepared to take
Fire Bish « BtaauHt Terns,
At thefr (Mice, UT Bay Street.
H W. MEBCEB, President.
' ' viAOJTL’XItinC* " '
J. W. Sewtt -
D '