Newspaper Page Text
!n/cJ lo
.1 /J oi bjraoiqzo
irr 9.1 t coiiiojf)
} 9/11.' 3 OtfJ
I •jdi V) spirit rfor.a ltd*' .bisastoln v)ht>ii
fi 83317733 Slii 1 1 9V:.'Ci listis KllUoO 7GI13C
-rife i3qf sWiob fisttapd nasJdsiJ lo y-»
931BT 6 0-jqB .11
rntEk
VOL. 4---NO. 185.
SAVi|irXH. GEtfttoiA, FKIDAY, AUGUST 7, 1868.
PRICE. 5 CENTS.
rats in oil
cal convefe-
NEWS & HERALD.
PUBLISHED BT
J. H. ESTILL,
u
HI BAY STBBBT. SSVlSBUn, OA.
TERMS :
DULY NEW8 AND HERALD $10 00
TEI-WEEKLY NEWS AND HERALD $« 00
Single Copies ,. .6 cents.
BATES OB’ ADVEETISINa.
of A SQUARE Is ten measured lines or Nonpareil
oi the News axd Heuald.
if ADVERTISEMENTS.—First insertion, $1 00
per square; each subsequent insertion, 75 cents per
square.
Sy Advertisements for one month or longer will
be inserted at special rates which can be ascertained
at the office.
[From the Augusta Chronicle and Sentinel.)
GREAT SPEECH
OF
HON. ROBERT TOOMBS,
Atlanta.. Georgia. July 23d, 1888.
Mr. Toombs, after thanking the audience
for their kindly greetings and congratulating
the country upon the presence on the occa
sion of so great and enthusiastic a multitude
of her best citizens, proceeded to say: But
few nations have wholly escaped the ravages
and ruin of war usually ijflicted by the iu-
iusoleat and triumphant invaders; fewer,
still, the sterner and bitter curee of ci vil war.
The histories of the greatest and the most
enduring nations of the earth are filled with
defeats as well as victories, sufferings as well
as happiness, shame and reproach as well as
honor and glory. Purification, in the cruci
ble of adversity, in the fiery furnace of in
dividual and national sufferings, seems to be
the price or the penalty of national great
ness. Through this testration have passed
the nations whose power and genius have
governed, whose existence has blessed, and
whose wisdom still guides and directs the
world; through this testration have passed
the UlustriouB men whose names have been
canonized by mankind, the masters of
fortune and the Utss, the favorites of ail the
god’, the few immortal names which were
not bora to die. The heroic struggles of the
great and the good, the brave anil true men
of the world, in ail ages and conntries, in the
face of the greatest disasters aDd iu spite of
the greatest dangers, in behalf of home and
country aod tbc rights of mankind, are the
noblest legacies left by the past to the
present generation of men ; they are
trophies of which poor humanity may well
be proud, trophies worthy to be laid at the
feet of Jehovah.
That is a bright page in Roman history
which narrates that when thousands of her
most gtllant and distinguished youth were
slain, her veteran legions broken aod scatter
ed, and the victorious enemy was marching
upon her capita!, marking their pathway by
fire and sword, with nothiog to retard his
progress but a stqru old wariior and patriot
whose chief resources lay in bis unconquer
able will, the Roman Senate met and tirst-
ordeied propitiatory sacrifices to the gods
aDd tbeu voted the thanks of Rome to the
defeated leader of her armies for not des
pairing of the Republic. Prom that hour
the star of Hannibal “culminated from : the
Equator.” The people imbibed the spirit of
the conscript fathers; courage aud hope
drove out tear and despair, aud Rome was
saved. Men and women of Georgia, you,
coo, deserve the thanks of your country for
the evidence you give this bay that you have
not despaired of the Republic, though des
poiled, plundered and manacled, your spirits
are unbroken, and that you yet have heart
and hope to make new sacrifices, yea, all
sacrifices to regain yonr lost liberties and to
redeem yonr country lrom bondage. It has
rarely happened in the annals of time that
any people were ever called upon to grapple
with so great a crisis as that which is now
impending over the people ot the Confede
rate States. After a gallant but unsuccess
ful conflict in the noblest and holiest cause
for which patriot blood was ever shed—the
cause of inalienable rights of man, the liber
ty of a free people and the sovereigidy of the
States—at the end of lour years lliefe people
found themselves surrendered to victorious
foes, whose armies embraced all colors, aud
tongues and races of men under the sun,
figbiiDg under the flag of the United States.
Tue terms which were granted to the van
quished neither won their gratitude nor ex
cited their admiration. The manner in
which these terms have been observed has
even excited the indignation ot the bravo
and ihj generous whose conduct, courage,
and blood achieved the conquest. Thqse
whose blades glittered iu the foremost ranks
ot the Federal army on the battle-field, with
a yet higher and nobler courage, scorn the
base nsea to which the victory has been ap
plied, and now demend that,the rights ot the
vanquished shall be respected, that these
wiougs shall be redressed, and that justice
shall be done.
This means peace—honorable peace—
peace built upon the deep foundations of
eternal justice. This demand came none
loo soon for the public safety. The aveng
ing Nemesis which iollows in the train of
conquest is already controaling the victors
in the shape of the Radical party. Born in
sectional hatred, wh.cb it has ever assidu
ously cultivated ; nurtured tty the evil pas
sions which that hatred engenders, reared to
fits present dangerous proportions by the
■lawlessness of civil war and the general disor
ders of the times, this monster has become
4he great danger to the whole common
wealth. Its lhirst for power and plunder
ihas not even been fatigued, much less ap-
peastd, by its tyranniel, its robberies, and
its ruin of the Mouth ; therefore, to gratify
Obese unholy passions it has conspired to
seize supreme power by fraud and force, and
ito erect a military despotism upon the rains
of constitutional liberty. To oppose these
dangers, the Democracy of the United States
recently met in tbe city of New York, and
with them also assembled the representa
tives of millions of citizens, who hitherto
claimed no special alliance with that party
as a political organization. Bad men have
conspired to overthrow free constitutions;
good men have united to preserve them, and,
under the flag of the Democracy, invite your
co-operation.
Tae Democracy have arraigned this fac
tion before the grand inquest of the nation
for high crimes aud misdemeanors. You are
assembled as a part of that grand inquest to
bear the charges, specifications and- proofs,
and to give true deliverance between the
criminals and the country. The declaration
of principles adopted by the Convention bus
the great merit of clearness and certainty
upon all the issues which are likely to enter
into tbe political canvass. It gives oat no
uncertain sound. The old Shibboleths of
liberty are again proclaimed as living princi
ples ; whatever else may be ldst, “the su
premacy of the civil over the military pow
er,” “Magna Charter," trial by jury, the
Constitution, have survived tbe conflict of
arms, and still live, at least, in, the heart of
the Democratic party. These are principles
which concern the collective body ■ of the
People. I will cot attempt, on this occasioo,
to review all the questions of principle and
policy submitted by the Convention to the
judgment of the people, bnt shall confine
myself mainly to the examination .add de
fence of the one which most vitally affects
yonr interest aud the happiness of your pos-
.We have now bat smalt _con§:ra
with tne questions arising out of ; the public
far as the mode of paymeot
may affect the general industry of 'the ; coun-
toy, and we prefer to leave all disputed ques
tions with-thoge who contracted the deb^
The cne great question which, with you,
swallowed up the rest, was the validity Of a
eenes of edicts commonly known as the
Congressional plan of reconstruction. The
recognition of these measures by the Demo
cratic party was impossible. Every Demo-
■qtatin both Houses of Congress had voted
, -S^pBl^ent jmd declared them unconstitu
tional and void; the Democrats
the State legislature*, in local _
lions, and in every form of party aotion,
had stamped them with just condemnation;
yet, although the country had aright to_ex r .
pect it, the unanimous declaration of Ihe JN^r
tiooal Convention that these “acta”-far
called) were usurpations, unoonstltuliod
revolutionary and void, sent a-thrill of j
through millions of hearls, and- brottgl
countless blessings upon the-heads of the’
noble representatives of tbe fearless and in-j
domitable Democracy. The usurpers, until,
then, had hoped that these gigantic wrongs,
being once accomplished, might find security
in their magnitude, or toleration in the pre
tended dangers of their eradication. .This
grand declaration of the Democracy dispels
all such illusions. Let it ba confirmed ! by.
the people of the United Stated, arid all these,
miserable mockeries called reconstructed
States, erected by fraud and force against,
tbe coDseot of the people aud in defiance of
the Constitution, will pass away—perish
without a struggle. ’ ” L
This plan leaves no rooin for difference of
opinion or action among patriots, while its
immediate evils fall with crushing weight
upon you, its ultimate effects will be equally
disastrous to constitutional liberty atiu freeT
government in every part of the Republic.
It contains no principle, or policy, no pur
pose or object to commend it to your ap
proval, nothing to mitigate your sternest
hostility to all of its provisions. In the ten
States subject to their operation these edicts
defeat all the rightful purposes to secure
which governments were instituted among
men, abolish all securities to life, liberty and
property, all rights, all remedies, all laws
whatsoever, either civil or military. The
Constitution and laws of • the United,
States, the laws of nations, the Con
stitutions and laws of tbe StateB, all
fall before them, and they erect jo,
lien thereof a species of military des
potism hitherto rare in the annals of hninan
crime;' a military despotism freed from tbe
forms of military administration, and with-,
out the restraints of military or any
other law whatever, organized anarchy up
held and administered by bayonets.
These are neither the ordinary or appro
priate instrumentalities for the construction
or reconstruction of good government; that
result would be wholly inconsistent with tbc'
grand design of tbe authors of this pyramid
of iniquities. This grand design Is the pre
servation aud perpetuation of despote-power
in the hr nds of the present dominant faction
in the United States. The difficulties in the
IJ
way of this great work were not fully appre
ciated, or, perhaps, foreseen in its inception,
Its antbors seemed cLarly to perceive that
no amount of tyranny or torture, rewards or,
punishments could induce the white popula
tion of the South to consummate the ruin of
public liberty. The experiment in Tennes
see had demonstrated that white men who
had faltered at the commission of no other
political crime recoiled from patricide. It
became necessary to improve even on that
only model of a perfect commonwealth which
tbe Radical party had, as yet, constructed.
Its main defect restei at its foundation; a
sufficient amount of ignorance, vice and pau
perism could not be fouad among the mean
est of the white race to insure its security.
These were to be found iu unlimited supply
among the Degro race. Therefore, absolute
negro supremacy was decreed to be the
eorner-3tone of the Congressional plan of
reconstruction, the foundation lock of Radi
cal despotism. The simplest aud most direct
mode of reaching negro supremacy ip the
“late rebel States,” and one in entire har-,
mooy with the genius of the plan, would
have been to have enfranchised all df the
negro and disfranchised ail of the white’
race. , ‘' i
Bat it was determined by the assembled
wisdom of the party that the plan wou'.d gain
in safety what it lost in simplicity and bold-
ness, by tempering audacity with craft, pud
force with fraud. Hence they endeavored to'
combine the white and the black elements
in such proportions as would give color to
the claims of assent to the plan by the white,
without endangering the complete ascend
ancy of the black race. This was a point of
great importance, and of some difficulty; all
the complex machinery of the edicts was
adopted for its adjustment. This solution
was sought in giving suffrage to all of the
blacks, and a limited portion of the white
people. The natural rule of exolusiou would
seem to have been, to have excluded the
leaders of tfcq civil war, the oivil and milita
ry officers who guided, directed, aod upheld,
the Government, and the boldest and bravest
of its defenders. Such men had certainly
the best claim to be inscribed on this - “roll
of honor.” While many such names are to
be found oa it, not a single one was placed
there for those reasons. Neither Mr. Davis
or General Lee are excluded by reason of
their positions in, or services to, th& Confefi-
erate States ; they are excluded solely op
the additional ground that they held bffijee
under the United Slates before the war 1 ;-the
rule being that the holding of some State or
Federal office before the war is a necessary
ingredient of disfranchisement.' It seems to
have been considered that this rule woiild
include a class sufficiently numerous to pre
serve Degro ascendancy and, at the same
lime, sufficiently virtuous and intelligent-to
be unfit instrument! of tyranny. - Brit to
provide against the possibility of any mist ike
on this decisive question of numbers, or any.
otber unforeseen difficulties or omissions
which .might binder, delay or defeat the re
alization of tbe hopes of its authors, “this
plan” was protected against the dangers which
constitutionally beset ordinary legislation.! It
was placed under the special guardianship
of its fathers, the legislative department,
and in order that this guardianship might ! be
effectual, this department decreed that its
portals, “like the gales of bell, should be'al
ways open/* during the parturition-: of this
monster. Parental solicitude has tfeen fully
vindicated by tbe result. It has cost two ex
tra sessions of: Congress and many sapple-
mental bills to perfect the scheme. Other
difficulties embarrassed “this plan” of recon
struction- The President had already de
clared his oppositions it in able.and elab
orate veto messages. The command of the
military forces of the Union aud the power
of appointing executive officers, the instru
ments placed In hia hands by the Constitution
to ensure the faithful execution of tbe laws,
were wrested from him, aDd he was in effect
deposed. The Supreme Court might be called
on to examine into tbe conformity of these
edicts to tbU organic law; it Ewntoed reliua,
taut to admit,that the Constitution wasetiber
dead or dormant, and therefore it was not-
to be trastecTwlUi this question; the agents
as wcll as executive power, ard commanded
to refase obedience to all interference with
their acts by any civil authority whatever.
The CMjyin were closed. Congress enacts,
expounds and executes the laws, and be
comes the embodiment of a perfebt despot
ism. The apology put-forth for these mea
sures by their authors is that, “the ]$tp rebel
States” afe not under the United Stales; t
they are conquered provinces, and that tin
fore Congress ties theabsolute right jo
them according to Us own will ana pi
without any othbr restraint except that wl
may be imposed upon them by ihe laws’
nations. This involves tae proposition
which alone these measures can be sostu
that Congress is the sole exponent of the
of the conquering people; and may righlfi
make, expound and execute all laws wf
they' may deem necessary and proper
enforcing that wilh All the rigfrts tq.fed
just war gives birth belong to the nat
Every nation exercises these, as well a3 i all
other rights she may possess, according to
the forms prescribed by herself. Therigbta
of tfb .nation cannot be exercised by, fany
one person, or any number of persons what
ever, except by authority conferred Br 1
nation. All the powers of Congress ~
rived from the Cohstitntion of the
States, and all of its acts, whether, ii
to operate within or without its
Vhetfier over the conquerors or n xne doo^
qifered, test upon no other legitimate autho
rity. The laws of nations cannot change the
organic law of (fee conquerors. Tue organic
law of the United-States'
irt of the Radical party to
the obligations,.of tbs. Constitution, strips
then) of ail prqteocs of justification - for the'
war. The position assumed by them add
the whole, war.party-in the North, was that
the Umop: was indissoluble by the, terms of
the compact for, any causes whatever, afea
that.any: andnil efforts to dissolve it were;
merely insurrection and rebellion, which
subjected all who aided and abetted them to
the pains and penalties of treason, and Con
gress. declared/.their, objects and purposes
in,- waging war against, us in the* following
resolution : . , ml sdt /d eie f ,
“Resolved, That the war is not, waged on'
our. part in any spirit of oppression, or: for
any purpose of conquest, or for interfering
with the rights or established institutions ot
these States, bat to defend and maintain the
supremacy of ttys Constitution, aud to pre
serve tbe,Union with all tbe dignity and
rights of the several Slates unimpaired.”
This resolution wa» adopted unanimous
ly. It is the only justification of the war
which, has ever been offered to the public
by the ■ Government of the United States.
It is bat a logical Conclusion from the car
dinal principles of the war party. If tbe
late oivil war was only a rebellion it did njot
annul Ahe Constitution and laws of the United
States in the Confederate Stales. They were
neither-dormant, displaced op suspended.—
•Their exercise' was simply resisted by illegal
violence and, upon the suppression of this
illegal violence, they Were as much the su
preme laws of Georgia as of Massachusetts ;
they were in as full force and operation'at 1
the end-as in tbe beginning of the war, This
theory was universally announced and ac
cepted-bythe Government and people of the
> United Slates during' the war aud Beems to
be stilt adhered to by its executive and judi
cial: -departments. Under it traitors could
be punished, -bnt punished only by the judg-
merit of their peers aud according'to tne
laws of the land.- These laws secured them
trials—3peedy, public, impartial trials—tria’s
by Joty after indictment frond in-the district
where the- alleged crimes were committed;' 1
under it confiscations -might take place, but
confiscations after trial and conviction, coh-
fiscatiqus acco'dirig to the laws of the land.
Inabort, according to this theory, the Union
wua never dissolved j it was - alf eqdy can-.
strncted aod needed no reconstruction'. - But
the Radical party ciid need it.
Its incompetency, its corruption, its venal;
ity, its tyrannies, its treachery to the Cauca
sian rice.' its patronage of vice and fraud,! ot
crimes rind Criminals; its crimes against hu
manity limits efforts to subvert all the safe-'
le P%A4h:
ctse or eitfc&r is mere usurpation, bindidg
upon no pstton'Whatever. V. ! If the will of tlie
conqueror be truly the onlytiaw of the coi-
qaeredjpe^plm the Banjo law xeqqirea. that
•'■larad, ; Tim judicial tri-
e right to decide upon
cue .dots, Whether or‘not-
id 1^0:.-power is conferred.
.. faUhfully. execute^*
s powers of these two co
men ts of the Government-'
e.uncqqstitutional and void;
this
fi<l L I
the -certainty of municipal- laws by reason
of the want of authoritative. interpreta
tion, arfi fetill' laws; they arir the laws of
nations and of God; divine laws,- the rock
of ages- is their -corner stone and the'gcnden
rule’ is 1 their standard-, and 1 exponent; . They*
fix limits to the rlghlfe of -conquest, and
fesUbbsh' rtries for the jptyoriSfftnf'of the
conquered - bey ond which ; he cannot bass
without plaOiig himself ouside oftheir prplj
teciion. This rale measures his rights by
ey cannqt declare the will “the.'justine Cfhls cause, and his necessary
flm thoPofAVa nallw Ann »* m U « nrnnl/I llnd nn nkAJ l<k! a.—
... , andj.are therefore equally cou-
’!f',the laws of nations. It' is not
one tilt loyal[ citizens , can claim
the lawa oT, the conqnerid g
fin'd, can only.be tfied arid
enemy ol
punished according to the laws prescribed
by the country of his' captors. Thus ,'it h
clear that,if the Constitution of the Unitfed
States, givepVno rights to^thU “late rebel
Btates^.R certainly places serious impedi- _ _
meats la the path of Radical tyranny, ' j a authorized a conqueror to govertf any people
rto escape
i An ot nff-
States'?-' What-lower deep can they findSii
fhto TTArld AP tho Tlfllt? •• •'
lis world or the next ?.
Tlife laws of nations,
anting in ) no change of* cars between sa
vannah, AUGUSTA, AND MONT
GOMERY, ALA.
selfdefence.” Tbe world had no need to : be
told by’the WiB8 and good men of Greece
and. Rome, by Pufiendorf and Grotius, Bur-
lamarqui; Vattel and all other approved pub-
heists, “that-he who engages in war derives
ail of his just Hghts from the justice of his
cause, and’that whoever, therefore, takes np
arms, without just cause, can have no rights
whatever;:that every act of hostility he com-
miiais an feet "Of’injustice'(Vattel, book' 3,
chap. ril), that all of his victories are murders,
'and that all- of his acquisitions are robberies.”:
Thit Me'is; certain 'that ho Conquest ever
guards of personal 'security, and to uproot
the' foundations of free' government, had
strigtly forfeited ail its claims to public
confidence," {c then determined to hold the
■supreme 1 power' fa spite qf the people.—
Thesg reconstruction edicts Were the first
fruits' of this wicked conspiracy, .the
boldest .experiment upon the intelli
gence- fend patriotism of the people,—
It is true the' time was inquspigious, bos-
‘ PiKliofr Viorl ' 'nunoofl 1 thfl onnnmCnan/in
the, United States were as safely ad-
red 1 and as quietly obeyed as they'
- been before the war; Conventions
what are called State
hel ,
elect
of est
accomi
fetcifs 'fend' Rapressntatives wfere
__q‘.eeUt : tD 0ongreB8, anfi the work
ilishiog 1 ’‘practical relations” seemed
; There appeared to be no im-
very
trin'thfe Way of restoring the
leal faction, ’ft 'Was'
. TWt,- fioweyer tfeuch this.
lifiCfetiori might benefit. tfie coun-
fi be 'death to Radicalism; not a'
■ fat Vote from this f action could
,. ..nted Qfe from the' Rotomac to
ffepde. -, ,Tne North' was faltering,
was lost), in, this extremity of theif
.esc fionspiratois, hayiog the abso-'
of 0
between us and our opponents. The Federal
Congress, from the first day of the war to this
bbur, has never made an allegation of Wrong
or injury, committed by us against the United
States;. they, placed their justification of the
war solely upon the ground that we sought to
Withdraw'from the Union. This was true, and
we hold, justifiable. Passing over, for the-sake
pf apt reviving old animosities, the causes of
separation which we alleged justified and de
manded it, it is sufficient to say that the laws
of nation^, as expound d by the Deo aration of
Independence, fully justified the seceding States
in establishing for themselves a new and inde
pendent .government. The crime, if any,
wits committed by those who made war to pre
vent the exercise of this right, a right clearly
admitted by all pa ties before the compact of
Union was formed. , Secondly, the States were
sovereign.and independent at the time of the
formation of 1 the confederation, and did ‘riot
surrender their sovereignty and 1 independence
by the Constitution. I do oot intend to repeat
the Arguments on -this point which I have so
. often ,m»fie before yoq. My object on this oc
casion beiDg only to show that we have nor
-committed any* such crimes by withdrawing,
peaceably from the-American Union as should
.pOt us Under the “banner.of the,empire” and
exclude us from Jtho benefit of the laws of na
tions. : The right of each Stfete to, judge for it-'
seif of the infraction of the Constitution, and
the mode and mannefi-of redress, was plainly
affirmed by Mr. Jefferson in the first of a se
ries o| resolutions drawn by him., and adopted
tty the ^efetneky ; Legislatore iu 1798. The'
resqlntiqu was accepted as a true explanation
qf the Constitution, from 1801 to the beginning
of the latefwar, hy. tfie. great .majority of the
‘.tnerican people. , It was incorporated in the
’efejoentio' National platforms from 1844 to
18fiQ, and repeatedly sanctioned by large ma
jorities Of tbs-people. Gan it then be atid
that, for: thmexercise of this right thus affirmed
and-sanptiotned.by.thelaws of nations,,we are'
justly oondemne’d to the deprivation of all civil
rights, outlawry; and chains, aud that consum
mation of all-evils, negro sopremaeyiover.us?
Yet this is. the proposition which the Radicals
and their supporters must establish before they
can justify Radical rule in the South;'and their
Congressional edicts.
’ I have thus shown that these measures can
derive., no Ljostificatioo, support or .apology
Jongri
be safe!
the
tlietJOL
fortunes
lu'e oootrol n pf l both,, branches
determined to raq or, rqju the xepnbljo.
was difflcuit to .tlad a pretext suffloient tq
wairintTho'.stfingeiit ripficy. which their,ne2
cesjitjea demanded,,. They were compiled
tb- aeifj i upon'.a street, ^o>..between a few
bnlyoftiio existing government and all the.
latys of‘Lbijfslana, fiat alsd the government
laws qf ni»e : other atatesugalnst wHom
'obnld hoc 1 even 'm3 thp exouap of
'au'assault and' liattery dpon fe Ipyfel Afr|caii.‘
Toe edicts are' issued, ten States are pro-
claiqsed ponqUerfed pfoWnces,^ »ad the will; of
Obn’fefeSd'dfecfAV'pdio Bfe' tfieir qnly'.Iaw.
I have already shown—you that whatever,
may be the., rights qf t the conquerors over
conquefed'people, 'these rights belong to the
people of the ciihqu'efiDg nation—.not to any
particular Bf'afith'Of 'the 1 Government whion
they 'may have established—and- 1 that these
rights cao only bfe exercised according to the
fundamental lfew^f »uch people; that the
fundamental law—the Constitution Jrif tae
United States-Vdoea not confer these powers
opon Congress, and that the attempt by Con-,
gresfe'to exereRe them is a sheer usurpation,
imposing ub obligation upon 1 either the con-
rors or tho ooDqaered to obey these arbi-
■y edicts. Jl prdpose.iin the next place,
toiiuquire what fere the rights of eottquerors
over uonquBred pflople. by the laws of na
tions. The- assumption > by this ignorant
and 1 ifafamohs -faction and their still more
Ignorant and iufamouB allies in the South,
that conquest alone place's-the lives, liber
ties, honor.fend property of the vanquished
at the absolute disposal of the conquerors,
baa no other foundation than the basenws’
and turpitude of its feavoeates, and is a libel
■ ' • God It is neither
y, and is
approved
writers upon thelafes of nations from Cicero
-td- Jtfnfe?> Bohgstreet; and,' excluding tbe
latter,' there is an unbroken current ot Au
thority "agalBst this wicked perversiouof
public-law; ^Tcfeme the exception is a pain-
fal one, not that he is any authority upon
this subject,-but-because-T would not have
him to iarnisb his own lanrels. -I respect, his
courage, honor-his devotion to a i ju»t‘ cause,
and regret hia errors. It is true that ^there
have .heretofore been l wars, aud : such may
oconr Again,:Where the principle contended
Jot-by }:.ttjs§e..conspirators and their allies
:tnay ba jostiy applied; and; { wish to save
ithe exception to the gcneral prinoiplB for the
-.benefit of those whose crimes deserve: and
whose conduct provokes its rigid' enforce
ment... Such-are the rigfits : of uwar, (not
ot peace)-against pirates and robbers and
other outlaws; - whose atrocities mark them
as.encmies oflthe human raee, audexclude
them, by the judgment' of mankind, from
tbe benefits of the laws of nations. What
condemnation, what punishment -COOfid be
great enough for those commandera of our
armies,- those.leaders of our counsels * who
tyrannically.” (Burlamarqai, p. 11.) That
tithe most absolute sovereignty gives no
right do'i oppress-those'who have surren-
dered ;" that ‘-‘the mo3t absolute conqueror
must govern- his conquests according to the
ends.tor which civil governments were es
tablished” among men. (Vattel, -book 3,
chap. IS ) •
\ That “private property is not to bo seized
by the victors.”' That “all despotism is unlaw
ful, 1 wrong" wicked'and imposes' no obligation
of .obedience upon any human being;” finally
“that‘“resistance to tyrants is obedience to
God.’” ’These fere bui the teachings of reason
and revelation, the clear utterances of nature
and nature’s God, ringing through a 1 climes
and all centuries; and proclaiming justice as
the supreme’law binding upon both men and
nations. Let us have no more of these
treacherous babblings about the fights of the
conqueror, from those who dare.not defend his
cause, and who seek to cover up their own
sfiamefql aposiaby'by libels on the benefactors
of the human race.and imputations upon the
wisdom, justice and goodness' of the “living
God. The rights of the conqueror being thus
shown to be limited by the justice of his cause
and his necessary self-defence, let ns examine m ~r~> a tTN
for a moment how stood.the question of right -A. W .IJ V/ V_J Vy O $
therefore,: in tfieir naked deformity,open to the
jndigngnt^aze. Pf all fionest men. Tyranny
Change of Schedule.
. OFFICE OF SOFT GA. CENTRAL R. R.,1
J Savaxhxh, June29,1868. J
lN AND AFTER WEDNESDAY, July 1st. the Pas-
_ r senger Trains on the Georgia Central Rail
road WinCim asfoBows:
True Tima ot BaTanaab. Augaita and
t . - DF DAY TRAIN-
acbets.
Savannah 8:10 A. M
Macon .;-. 7^i»P. M
' gusta. 6:45P.M
ii edge vine 1 4:3U i-.M....4:45 P.
Eaton ton.... j Sundays excepod 7:60 P. M.
Connecting with trains leaving Augusta at 8:62 P. M.
DOWN DAY TRAIN.
Savannah...J. eas P. M
-.6:55 A. M.
Cohnecung with trains that leave Augusta 8:62 P. H.
„ UP NIGHT TRAIN.
Savannau.... ; ..80)0 PH
Macon 6:56 A Hi
Angnsta......................3^0 a ]£
OoniiecTlog with trains that leave Augusta 10:40 F.
DOWN NIGHT TRAIN.
Savannah 6:20 a H
tfsoon.. ....6:25 P M
Angnsta 3:20 AM
Mflledgeville I Sundays ex-) 8:58 PM 9:13 PM
Eatonton.... \ cepted. / 110)0P61
Connecting with trains thatieave Augusta 10:40 P. 1L
WiNight trains connect at Angusta with throagh
tains via South Carolina Railroad to New York, and
with Georgia Railroad to Tennessee.
At Macon with through trains via Southwestern
Railroad to) New Orleans, and Macon and Western
Railroad to Tennessee.
At Savannh with the Atlantic and Gulf Railroad
jaryl—ly
JOHN G. CLARKE,
Assistant Superintendent.
TOBACCO WAREHOUSE.
THAXTON, GEEWS & GO.,
WHOLESALE DEALER8 IN
North Carolina and Ylrginla
MANUFACTURED AND SMOKING
153 Congress and 71 St. Julian Sts.,
Jj4—ly SAVANNAH, GA.
JOHN OLIVER,
DEALER IN
Saslies, Blinds and Doors,
PAINTS, OILS. GLASS,
PAINTERS’ ARD GLAZIERS’ TOOLS,
UUCED FAINTS OP ALL COLORS AND
SHADES.
House and Sign Painting;,
GLAZING, &c.,
No. & Whitaker St„ Comer of Bay Lane
Jy3—ly
DR. EDWIN W. L’ENGLE,
13‘E ISTXIST,
No. 106 Bryan Street,
BETWEEN WHITAKER AND BARNARD STS.,
Savannah, Ga.
je!2-ly
D, B. ADAMS,
‘ OI
Eatonton, Ga.
ASBURT A. ADAMS,
Of
Americas, Gs,
H« X. WASHBURN,
Of
Savannah, Ga.
ADAMS, WASHBURN & Co.,
ClOTTON FACTORS
• . . tan: a»n
COMMISSION MERCHANTS.
Office, No. 3 Stoddard’s Lower Mange.
je2—3m
. nni._
aud the
lected stock of
the attention of his friends
lie generally to his new and well se-
UPHOLSTERY.
169 BROUGHTON STREET.
M
' ‘ If
House-fitting Materials,
consisting In part of WHITE end CHECK MAT-
TINGS; WALL PAPERING, from the cheapest to the
best article; WINDOW CURTAINS; PAINTED and
GITJ) WINDOW SHADES, Cord and Tassels; Bnfl
Green end White Shade Hollands, CORNICES cf va
rious styies-r-iogelher with manv other articles ol
household goods usually kept in his line.
MATTRESSES, CUSHIONS. MOSQUITO NETS,
etc., made to or.icr. Matting, Oil Cloths and Carpet
Inc cat and laid. RfliHtiringin hi« linn done
In workpUHkdlke style. Ptomptattention given and
loderate prices chaiged.
TS. A. SCHWARZ,
ha 1 ' No. 160 Bronghton street,
ap8rrly j jQPPOBlte Menarji » fvmwoil
agency of hayqnets, stuffed ballot-boxes,trandu-
leitt registries aqd returns, they have accom-
S feed tfieir appointed .work. 4-■ mockery,
efi the Constitution of the State of Geor
gia; fifes been: imposed upon the’people, which
niakea all goad government, impossible as long
as it stands. An ignorant and unprincipled ad
venturer has been installed under it as, the
Cltiel' Magistrate Of the'State, clothed with im
perial power over the interests and'-destinies; of
this people,- whoais. . already prostituting the
power and patronage bestowed on him for that
purpose,'in buying posts of hoDOrand trust for
his co-conspirators, in corrupting the judiciary, 1
ih rewarding profiigate followers,' in attempting
to ' intimidate anfi .defiafe 0 !) tfie people them
selves, in order tq perpetuate the metion to
^■hose base ifieasqres ’ alone^be owes his eleva-
tyll-these and many more such wrongs- have
been indicted: upon, you without your consent.
Your oonsent alone.can give .tfie least validity
tolfiese usurpations. Let no power on earih.
wring’ that consent from year manly bosoms.
Take no counsel of fear—it ; i» the meanest of
masters; spurn the temptations of office fend
gold,from the polluted hands of your oppres
sor-; he who holds only his own sepulchre,at the
price of these Chains, owns aheritageof shame.
All honor-to ithe National Democracy who have
risen in,their might tq. strjke off these. fetters
from your limbs. - You, one and all, owe it to
them, to yourselves, your posterity and' your
try, to" wsb’to tbeir standard, and labor
ffiHEWthis great work of deUverance
and liberty. - Tfi^ bave thrqwn wide the prr-
tab-of-admission^ j'forgetting all _ past, -differ-
eflfes qf opinion, they inyite all tq unite in the
pfef8MtjaMt < idgg^q : ior i tlie !> liberties, of the- :
people. Come, nmte with them. Your coun
try °t* "ffm-i- J "ry -“re 1!v, ''~ i y °-j’°
come—the conn^gys^p danger—let every free
man hasten to the rescue.
Ohbis. Mubi'hx.
Ohas. Clare.
BMBaSB
as aa ji zds ~
TMtBBI neDE! fEOflgt"
IHE UNDE
in. connection with their
le, hive established a BRANCH
BAY STBBET, where they will
on hand all grade* of ”
In
ffie L0WE8TT)tmtJTYTO THE VERY CHOll
fj
do lira article,-they hope, by atrlct attention, to
£:&*f8»fi, a I,---, J :,
i«|uo-.-a j: j
JiTU’ri ilASD
IQS,XXO andllS East Bay,
aui—6m * CHABLH!ST.0n, S. c, ~
ARROW TIES
I.-..... i BOH bale by
ANDREW LOW & CO.
EJIKllAll AGENTS FOB GEORGIA
y30—Un
. rciirt;.. j: Vi:
FLORIDA.
LOST,
*i
IA AND
Q.
A T tbe Central Bailroad Depot, on tbe night of tbe
4:h inetans, about ^o'clock, a oonaidexable sum
o; MoN£f. Tbe finder will be liberally rewarded
by call ng at the'' irfi is 1 l
*■88-31 y«ixFW>KIDA HOCSE.
MURPHY & CLARK,
HQUSE, Si&N, SHIP and STEAMBOAT
PAINTERS.
GILDING. GRAINING, MARBLING. GLA
ZING, AND PAPER-HANGINGS.
(UE ARE PREPARED, TO KELL, AT WHOLE-
W SALE AND RETAIL, PAINTS. OIL, GLAE8,
PUTTY, and VARNISHES; MIXED PAINTS,
BROSHES of every description, MACHINERY and
HARNESS OIL, AYr.F. GREASE, etc.
77 Bryan St., between Bull and Drayton,
mhlt^-Iy SAVANNAH, GA.
W. EV fix' A. Y ,
(Sncceasor to W. H. MAY,)
Wholesale and Retail Dealer In
SADDLERY. HARNESS. ML
yjA9 JUST received a Hew Stock of
OAK and HEMLOCK (tanned)
SOLE LEATHER,
i < CALF and LINING SKINS,
and a general asaortfnent of SHOE TOOLS. Prices
reasonable; satisfaction guaranteed. HfOrders fot
RUBBER and LEATHER BELTING end PACKING
Oiled promptly. ian24
MAURICE HACKETT,
AGENT OF THE SUB-
! HIVING AND WRECK
ING COMPANY.
f\mCX UNDER THE BLUFF, loot of'Drayton
W street. All orders tor the Submarine DItIuc
and Wrecking Company can be leR with him, one
will bi promptly attended to. ocis—tf
OOH ABERCORN AND BRYAN STS.'
~ Savannah, 6a,
WX. B. ALEXANDER. WM. A. RUSSELL.
oelJ-rlOm
ni l
McMahon & co.,
dealers ih
Groceries! Corn, Oats, Hay
iUd till 3(1 LfilL* : " ’L’ J • • ?
Feed, &c..
,«-o u. ;
GORIER IROBBHTCI AID JEFFEISOI STREETS.
>F" All orders promptly attended to. Jy2«-tau24
LAIRD, BROWN A SMITH.
Skipping masters and Notaries Public.
Corner of Bar and Lincoln streets, (over Wm. H.
- stark fc Co’s Store,)
; SAVANNAH...—.. .....GEORGIA.
ytHEWS uni ppEDana nut on hoard at the ahort-
est notie*. Marine Frotseta noted and extendad.
BFU-ll ' \ a csloano « sa ozs | -
OF SAVAHHAH.
ASTEOLOGIST, AC.
M adame t. de garro neve. Aatroiogist
Phrenologist and Physiologist, southwest cor
ner Houston and Congress streets, Savannah, Ga.
mayzs—tf
BILLIARD SALOONS.
u BTKOPOLITAN BILLIARD BOOMS, (five ol
ItX Phelan’s first class Tables,) Bryan street, op
posite Screven House. Mg- FKdB LUNUH every
D. MCCONNELL, Proprietor. [mh21-6m
BROKERAGE, EXCHA5GE AND COM
MISSION,
H
ARTRIDGE A NEFF, oommisslon Merchants
and Brokers, 163 Bay street. mhSl—ly
SHIPPING AND COMMISSION HER*
CHANTS.
f>ABL BPPING A CO, General Coaimtsalon Mer-
\J chums, No. 149 Bay street,* Savannah, Georgia;
Vice Consulates of Spam and of the Netherlands.
H* GAUL UPPING, TiinOer Merchant, Darien and
Brunswick, ueorgra. novas—tf
T f-AItNEY Sc CO., Commission Meronanta. No.
JlL 12 stoddaid’s Upper Range. Liberal advances
mads on consignments of cotton, Wool, Bides,
sec., to onr friends in Baltimore, Philadelphia and
New York. an3u—ly
W AU1> A JlClNTUtlS, Auction, Commission and
Shipping Merchants, Bay street. Savannah,
Georgia. Consignments of aU kinds solicited. Auc
tion days Tuesdays and Fridays. Agent tor first
qnallty Kerosene OIL aug21—tf
C. HOWLAND A CO., Storage and General
s Oommisslon Merchants. Cotton taken on Stor
age In Battcrsoy’s First Class Fireproof Warehouses.
Particular attention given to weighing and sampling.
J. C. ROWLAND. H. H. ROWLAND.
Jysi-ly
W H. GRIFFIN & CO., Cotton Factors, Com-
• mission and Forwarding Merchants, No. 98
Bay street, Savannah, Georgia. Jy2S—ly
W ILKINSON As WILSON, Cotton Factors and Ge
neral Oommisslon Merchants, No. 80 Bay street.
Savannah, Georgia. Liberal advances made on con
signments to ourselves or onr friends In New York
and Liverpool. jy-ST
T B. MARSHALL tf BBO., General Commis-
s slon, chipping and Lumber Merchants, No. 2
Harris’Block, Bay Btreet, loot of Lincoln. Consign
ments respectfully solicited, and will reoelve strict
attention. "■ jy23
S*r M - D. R. MILLAR A 00., 167 Bay street, Oom-
l f mission Merchants, Dealers In Railroad Sup
plies, Agents for IngersoU’s Cotton Press and John
Watson sfc.Oo.'s Axle Grease, Sc. jy23
WHOLESALE L1Q.UOB. DEALERS.
T J. DUNBAR & CO., Importers and Dealers
■ In Brandies, Whiskeys. Gins, Wine*, Cigars,
ac., and Agent for Smith’s Celebrated Philadelphia
Ales, 147 Bay street. ' Jy23
WHOLESALE GROCERS.
VST M. DAVIDSON, Wholesale Dealer in Gro-
TT • ocries, Wines, liquors. Teas and Cigars, 150
Bay street. Savannah, Sole Agent in the state ol
Georgia for Massey, Houston a Co.'a Philadelphia
Aie. jj-24
LIQ.UOHS, Ate., AT RETAIL.
BOLSHAW & SILVA
Crockery.
• CHINA, GLASSWARE
Kerosene Lamps, OD,
WASHING HACHIRE8!
CLOTHES-WRINGERS
AND
MSE-FMSM GOODS!
AT
68 ST. JUIIEN
ASD
101 Bryan streets.
SAVAfifiAH, GA,
feM—6m
-
by If. Dowd, Bmj |wtw )
rear ol Post Office. Best of Ales, Wines,
Llfinors, Cigars, Ac., and a Lunch, every day Rom 11
till 1. ' Jy23-ly j
TRYING HOUSE, comer of St. Julian and Jetteraon.
1 streets, axbox InmNO, Proprietor. BestofAlei,
Wines, Llfinors, Cigars, «c., always on hand. Iy23
DRUGGISTS AND APOTHECARIES.
|>OBERT H. TATUM, Druggist and'Apothecary
It and Wholeeale Dealer In Window Glass and
Kerosene Oil, corner Jefferson anil McDonough
streets, and comer Uut Broad and Broughton
streets.' Jya6—ly
PHOTOGRAPHS.
P HOTOGRAPHS, and all other styles ot Pictures,
with Frames, Fittings, Cases, Ac., of every kind.
Copies of all kinds from Old Pictures neatly finished,
stereoscopic Views of Bonavencnre and Savannah.
Corner of Whitaker and Broughton streets. J N.
Wilson. jy23
REEVES’jAMBROSIA |
FOE THE ELA.IRI
IMPROVEDI
It Is sn elegant Dressing for the Hair.
It causes the Hair to Curl beautifully.
It keeps the Scalp Clean and Healthy.
It Invigorates the Boots of the Hair.
It forces the Hair and Beard to grow luxuriantly.
It immediately stops Hair Failing Out.
It keeps the Hair from Changing Color from Age.
It restores Grey Hair to its Original Color.
It brings ont Hair on heads that have been bald
feryean.
It is composed entirely oi simple and purely vega,
table substances.
It'has received over six thousand voluntary testi
monials of Its excellence, many of which are from
physicians In bigb standing.
It Is sold In half-pound bottles (the name blown In
the glass), by Druggists and Dealers In Fancy Goo.Is
everywhere, at One Dollar per Bottle. Wholesale
by PUMAS BARNES A CO., F. a WELLS A CO.,
8CHEEFFELIN A CO., New York. mM3—ly
WATCHES AND JEWELRY.
F GB03 CLAUDE, Dealer In Watches, Jewelry
• and Silverware, Boll street, opposite Masonic
Han, Savannah, Ga. Watchss and Jewelry carefully
repaired. novT—tf ’
S amuel p. Hamilton {successor to wiimot a
Richmond), Dealer In Watches, Sih-erware, Jew
elry, Ac., corner Whitaker, St. Jalien and Congress
streets. Watches and Jewelry repaired. - Chronome
ters rated by transit. iyS3—ly
SAILS, AWNINGS, BAGS, dec.
M P. BEAUFORT, Exchange Wharf. Manufac-
• taler of sails, Awnings, Tents,
Ac. Sold at New York prices.
WM. ESTILL, Jr.,
NEWSDEALER
': ’.AND
BOOKSELLER,
Bull St., Next to tbe Post Office,
(DOWN STAIRS.)
SAVANNAH, GEORGIA.
OysterSaloon.
JOBCISr IMMElSr,
AT THE STAND ON
Whitaker. Street, .Jfear Bay,
[FORMERLY MONAHAN’S,!
PfAS. the beat facilities for supplying OYSTERS,
AA either In the quantity, in shell or opened: or at
hia Saloon, cooked la any style. He warrant! his
Oysters to be of the very best quality.
ALES, WINES, LIQUORS, &&,
Or the best brands, on hand, and a LUNCH every
day
A&CH1TKCTS AND ENG15EER1S.
M ULLER A BRUYN, Architects and Civil and Me
chanical Engineers, southwest corner Bay and
Boll streets, np stairs. M. P. Huuleb, Civil and
Hechanioal Engineer; DxWrrx Bbuxn, Architect.
eep6
ttMUlWARE, CUTLERY, Ac.
P ALMER A DEPP18H, Wholesale and Retail Deal
ers In Hardware, Cutlery, Files, Edge Tools, Ag-
.-icnltnral Implements, Powaer, Shot, Cape and
Lead, 143 Congress and 67 St. Jul tn streets, Savan
nah, Georgia. Jy*6—ly
PAINTING AND GLAZING.
i/TUftPHY A CLARK, Boll street, opposite the
. Pnlaekl Honse, House, Sign, Ship and Steam
boat Painters. Gliding, Graining, Marbling and
Glazing. Signs of every description.
FLASTUREUS.
VRADY A TULLY, Plain and Ornamental Flas-
JI terers and Dealers in Laths, Lime, Plaster. Hair,
Cement and Building Material, Bryan street, between-
Drayton and Abexcum etrecu. augl-tf
BOOHS AND NEWSPAPERS,
fjVSTILL A BRO., Boll street, next to' the Poet
AD Office, Dealera In Newspapers, Magewin
Books and Stationery. The latest New York a
other Dally and Weekly Newspapers received by
every mail and steamer. —ly
PMPERTAKKltS.
YjtERGUSON A DIXON, Undertakers, UO Brongh-
JD ton street, dealers In Fisk’s Patent Metallic,
Mahogany, Walnut and Grained Coffins, Ice Boxes
for Preserving Bodies, Funerals famished at the
shortest notice. Country orders promptly attended
'■ ■ •— jyTI^Iy
FIIUNITCKK.
S 8. MILLER, Na 157 Bronghton street, Dealer
a In Mahogany and Walnnt Furniture and
French Cottage Chamber Seta. Alto a fine aaaot
ment of Parlor Furniture. Mattresses made to a
4er. IV23—ly
P ULASKI HOUSE STABLES, by J. Fkeucx. Car
riages, with competent drivers,or Single Teams,
to let. Boarding at reasonable prices. Jy23
CIGAR MANUFACTURER.
S SOLOMON. (_
a between Whltater and Bull a
above the Pulaski Honse..
HERMETICALLY SEALED
GOODS!
er er oases 2 ft peaches.
DO 34 cases 3 lb PEACHES,
15 cases 3 pint PINE APPLES,
37 cases JELLIES, assorted, In Goblets and
Tumblers* ■_
42 cases 2 ft <X)VE OYSTERS,
33 cases 1 ffi LOBSTERS,
15 esses CHOW CHOW,
In store and for sals by
HARNEY Sc CO.,
No. IB Stoddard’s Upper Range,
leS—tf - Savannah, Ga.
CANCELING and BUSINESS
STAMPS.
FFRNI8H THE FOLLOWING CANCELING
A. STAMPS at makers 1 prices :
Secomb’s Canceling Stamp, w
vut-uaLC, lrom xo 910; extra UUotk,-94 ou emeu
extra Ribbons, from $1 50 to $3; Dates, 52 60 extra.
Address orders to WM. ESTILL, Jn,
Bull street, next to the Post Office, ‘
ianSl— . . savannah.
Advertisements forwarded to all Newspapers.
No advance charged on Publishers* prices.
All leading Newspapers kept on file.
Information as to Coat of Advertising famished,
Alj Orders receive careful attention.
Inquiries by Mail answered promptly.
Complete Printed Lists of Newspapers for sale.
Special Lists prepared for Customers.
Advertisements Written and Notices secured.
C Orders from Business Men especially «.iw’^
40P A fflcR«?®
bfsid - "
FOR SALE.
P RIME BICE
SHEETINGS
YARNS, from the Columbus Factory
tobacco
GUNNk BAGGING
bEA ISLAND BAGGING, Tucker, Carter A Co
BaLEBOPE.
Ja2A4m JOHN w. ANDERSON’S SONS A CO.
MANSION HOUSE,
69 Broad Street)
BETWEEN MEETING AND CHURCH STREETS,
CHARLESTON, S. O.
fTlHIS well-known and long-established Honse, hia
JL been leased by tbe cnaeralgned, and la now
open to thd Travelling Public, whose patronage la re-
ipectfolly solicited.
Uneeta will receive tbe attention of a Firat-claes
Hotel. Trsnaiei’t Board 79 BO per day. Permanent
Board oin be arranged tor opon z
Carriages ana F
toounveyPas*en„ _
GEORGS K- WELLS, Proprietor,
Jell-tf Late of the Mills House.
ARTIFICIAL TEETH!
DR. R. ffl. SNEED,
DENTIST,
TTAVING EVERY FACILITY FOR THE MANIT-
AJL FACl'URS OF ARTIFICIAL TEETH In all the
various modes known to tbe profeeilon, and comue-
tent assistants in Dental Laboratory, I c*n aX a
jew tours notice mannJacture an entire sett or Teeth,
alter extracting the old roots (which can be done in
all cn&es uritlunU any pain.) - -
Cases not comfortably worn, I can make so.
OLD GOLD and SILVER PLATES taken in part psy.
OFFICE AND LABORATORY,
117 Congress Street,
OPPOSITE PULASKI HOUSE,
Between Rallaad Whitaker Streets,
Jf6—tf SJ.VJ.NNAH, QJ. .
Notice, ILadies *
FLUTING, PINKING, STAMPING
AND DRESS-MAKING,
AT HTADAME X. LOUIS’ BAZAAR,
mav23-ly 133 BROUGHTON 8T^ .Up Stain.
GRAIN BAGS,
NEW AND SECOND-HAND,
■OURLAP, LINEN AND COTTON BAGS, suitable
JL> for Wheat, Com, Ac., for aale in quantities to
suit. Bags loaned tor the transportation of grain,
by T. 8. ATWATEB. Bag Manulactuier,
maySl—3m 40 and 43 Whitehall , Hew York.