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The Athenian it abovri the surface made,; and that in thik inMapce the operator had struck an extreme branch of % terrene artery, whore the pulsation had not yet be come imperceptible. If ('apt. Symmess, or nnv amateur of his. cow, ever obtain an internal survey o! osir globe, 1 am of opinion he will tied indicu- FOH THE ATHENIAN. TIDES AND FOUNTAINS. Having noticed in the papers a piece f.om the ‘ Nat ; onal Gazette.’ prefaced with theory, ever obtain an internal survey o! our t ie words, “ A Nut for, the Philosophers.” j globe, I am of opinion be will find indica- relative to a peculiarity, observed at New lions of the correctness ol my suggestions. B miswick, N. *T. in an irisUiheq where the Should they, however, be fallacious, then - •• ' the position of Capt. Symmes himself, will afford a much more plausible explanation of the origin of fountains, &c. than the one recently discovered method of obtaining a spontaneous flow ofv-vatpHo the surface by boring to a depth sufficient to elicit 1he phe- n unenon had been adopted, in which a va-' nation in the quantity ejected, correspond ing with the altitude of the tide in the vici nity, has been observed, 1 deem it a suita ble opportunity to propose an idea I have long entertained.—That l am about to crack the offered nut, I will not pretend to say; but I will attempt a blow in bops of aiding in the enterprise; and having no where before met with it, believe I now first offer it to the consideration of the scientific. I was educated to attribute the cause of to the moon, and that fountains or js must necessarily have their source »)!j stftnc more elevated body of water ; but Several years since, some actual obsprva- uded upon mo reflections about this doctrine, which brought nclusion that there was room correcthpsMVj* It is true the o<wt4*pond * n dis- yeSjja]fafly||o half the tirfl&’of "theWpojfV v^yUriX'Ti^i but depressions in that j ho ' have unpf^topd, the I Jack- and rar.ean seas,) should not bomefed <fi by its : effect; whether t»Y'ai J p_. ip ifcast Trifl as the nor why, tion or * ately abou tides ar^ftfiMM^iA Hscur^akier or tea times as high in tb^^xii'cmer tioVfhern latitudes, and 1 beliewW^f southern also, ns they do within tfafi. tropics.—-Experiment demon- etiAtes tfar&i undhlation is greatest im- mediatelyrirqjtmd the’force producing it, and the fartli&'jF retires thence, the more in considerable {it .^b^»comes ; of course this would arfSie^h^aintd the tides being produ ced by a pitT^r. exerted in the neighbour hood of thef equinoctial line : and if, on the contrary, bTev should he supposed to arise from dfi' a^tractiort-or pther influence exerted at to^ifiles, untees the nioon practise a let- gQrOjM-ba ul 'fcyste m, it is wholly unaceount- abl^wliy-tho power should not preserve in* bl0 t ”torcc, as the poles would be equal-" fexpPsed at all times to its action. W Relative to fountains, I have seen them the summits of mountains whose heigh; and the ascertained rotundity of the earth, precluded the ideq of any more elevated origin; while the quantity flowing, showed the impossibility of any little contiguous knolls affording or manufacturing a supply. In the course of these reflections the thought occurred, “ Whv may not the varth be a body so organized as to require and possess a circulation of fluids, impelled by internal pulsation, in the same way as is observed in animal bodies ?” This seemed at onco to account for both tides and natu ral fountains; and being unable to form any more probable conjecture, I rested there, and must confess 1 have not yet learned any thins to destroy the plausibility of this theory, but perhaps, on the contrary, pro gressive discoveries tend to establish it.— The larger the body in which the phenome non of pulsation is observed, the greater the interval between each: thus an elephant ha> but few in a minute compared with a man, and as great a proportional disparity is found between man mid lesser animals. H«-w naturally, therefore, might we suppose those of so vast a body as the earth to oc cur at intervals of more than twelve hours. In the animal body the arteries succes sively separate into branches, less and less, until they arc finally lost, discharging the blood into the fibres of the muscles, bones, g mds, &c. which, issuing thence, seeks commonly received : and notwithstanding the ridicule and jesting he has been subjec ted to, l cannot but feel a great respect for him, for his enterprise in daring to assault the prejudices and possibly overturn some of the errors with which the learning of the schools most likely abounds. He, I be lieve. ims stated, that he Was led to form his idea of hollow spheres from a consideration of the necessary tendency a body with a ro tary motion has to deposit the particles of * which it is composed, at the extremity of its confining limits, or surface of attraction, by means of the centrifugal force accompany ing that kind of motion ; and therefore that the earth must be very porous, or entirely hollow about the centre. On this principle we can easily conceive how water, by what ever means absorbed beneath the outer crust, would mechanically seek its greatest distance from the centre of motion, and of course pursue such openings as it might find, until it reached that extremity: yet it does not appear why it should have this effect through the composition of moun tains, &c. and not under the open atmo sphere, unless we suppose the gravitating rincipie to reach onlv.a certain depth,and the entrifugal force exerted against the openings Or springs, sufficient to overcome the dis- :-ftance ; but still the means of supply, as well as the variations in the quantity flowing from the aperture at New Brunswick, would be unaccounted for. When we see the pictures, and bear sta ted the prevailing theory of springs and fountains having their reservoirs in more elevated positions, we are irresistibly led to ask, “How does the water 'get into those reservoirs?” to which we have never heard that a satisfactory answer has been given It is like the Indian’s supposition, that the earth s*ood on the back of a great elephant, which stood on the hack of a great, tortoise, and the tortoise stood on—he did not know what! PULS AT. P. S. Capt. Parry, it appears, has disco vered that so great a current sets from the direction of the north pole, that he could not navigate against it. Uoes not this, m con nection with the greater height of the tides further north, compared with their gen tle elevation about the tropics, argue that the force causing the undulation, is more active at that point than nearer the equinox? ■!! i-i m ads, or iiv de hawthorns stir- knees to the ornamented with great numbers of little.(perforated, cylindrical pie ces ol silver, or brass, that emit a simulta neous tinkle, as the person walks. If to all this, he add an American hat, and a soldier’s coat of blue, faced with red over the custo mary calico shirt of the gaudiest colors that can be found, he lifts his feet high, and steps firmly on the ground, to give his tinklers an uniform and full sound, and apparently con siders his person, with as much complacen cy, as the human bosom can be supposed to feel. This is a very curtailed view of an Indian beau. But every reader, competent to judge, will admit its fidelity, as far as it goes, to. the description of a young Indian warrior over the whole Mississippi valley, when prepared to take part in a public dance. fVeslcYri, Review. Dr. Bruner was called in on the third day, and he blew up powdered Gurn Arabic through a quill.—The hemorrhage ceased directly,—Phil. Jour. Pfyys. A JVew Use far Salt.—The use of salt as an agricultural agent, for recruiting an ex- MISCELLANEOUS EXTRACTS. The Pawpaw.—This in our view, is the prince of wild fruit-bearing shrubs. The leaves are long, of a rich appearance, and green, considerably resembling the smaller leaves of tobacco. The stem is straight white, and of unrivalled .beauty. In fact we have seen no cultivated shrub, so orna mental and graceful, as the pawpaw. The fruit closely resembles a cucumber, having however, a more smooth and regular ap pearance. When ripe, it is of a rich yellow There are generally from two to five in a cluster. A pawpaw shrub, hanging full of fruit, of a size and weight so disproportioned to the stem, and from under long and rich Making leaves of the same yellow with the ripened fruit, and of an African luxuriance of growth, is to us one of the richest spec tacles, that wo have ever contemplated, in the array of the woods. The fruit contains worn i.wo to six seeds, like those of the ta marind. except that they are double the size. The pulp of the fruit resembles egg custard, in consistence and appearance. It has the same creamy feeling in the mouth, and w unites the taste of eggs, cream, sugar, and the imperceptible orifices of the veins, J spice. It is a natural custard,, too luscious hausted soil is acknowledged ; but it is now discovered that its efficacy is not less cer tain in restoring the human hair to those who either'ftom fever or other causes may have expenenced its loss. The daily ap plication of salt' has succeeded in giving strength and luxuriance to hair, which had previously so fallen off as to threaten total baldness. * Affecting Occm rence.—The following af fecting account was related to me a few years since, while travelling in the western country, oftwo.mdb, who went into the ce lebrated Mammoth Cave, which is situated intJreene county Kentucky, and is about ten miles in length; with the intention of ex ploring it. These men, after having provided them selves with a lantern, food, and refreshments sufficient for one or two days’ journey, en tered the cave, and commenced their sub terranean tour. As they walked on from one apartment to another, viewing, in aston ishment, the wonders of this stupendous ca vern, they often came to large and almost fathomless pits, which they passed with much difficulty, by crawling on their hands and knees. They proceeded in this way, walking and crawling, for about a day, and, in the mean time, they had passed a num ber of these pits.They had just passed one of them* when, by some fatal accident, their light was extinguished. One of them, in the agony of despair, appeared tp lose his reason—became bewildered—whirled round exclaiming,;Liord have mercy upon us,'and fell; and in failin'®, plunged headlong into the pit they had just-passed. His compa nion listened, and heard him distinctly strike on the bottom and groan. He called to him, but received no' answer—he called again, but all was silent as the tomb. I thought, said he, had I fallen with him, it would have been a happy circumstance, for to at tempt to find the mouth of the cave, and pass the many dangerous places they had with in entering, must, he conceived be impossible. He thought therefore of dying only by starvation. He concluded, howev or, to make at attempt to get out; he could hut die he thought, by sharing the fate of his companion, and this would the sooner put an end to Ins sufferings. He sat out, crawling on his hands and knees, and pro ceeded safely in this way for about a day, when he again yielded to his feelings and burst into tearsi This alone, he said, re lieved his agony. He set out again, hut with little hope of ever arriving at the mouth of the cave, and continued winding his way in midnight darkness about a day longer As they entered the cave they observed that it branched offin various directions, and he concluded he had taken a wrong one, and was as fur, or farther from the entrance than when he set out. He sat down, he said, with the determination of waiting patiently the approach of death. The possibility again occurred to him of finding the way out; and once more he summoned his re maining strength, and commenced groping his way through'the dreary cavern—and on the morning of the third day, when nature was nearly exhausted, and all hope had fled, lie thought he observed the dawn of light; and on suddenly turning the corner, the morningstijr shone full in his face! His feelings, he said, must he imagined, for they could not be described,—Zion’s Herald. Athens, Nov. 23, 1827. as© the majority to 5000. The following addi- particulars relative’to the election in other df that state, wc gather- froth a’Postocrqa in limond Enquirer of the 13th itist. - j “ In King’s county the Jackson ticket succeeds bv a majority of 157; in Queen’s county the Adminis tration* by about 229: Westchester and Putnam give small majorities for the administration Senator: in the city of Hudson the administration ticket carries by about 2*>0 majority : in Orange 2 Jackson and 2 Aoams men: in Greene, both representaves for Adams : in Schenectady, the Jackson ticket has pre vailed.—Troy has given 273 majority, it is reported, for the Jackson Assembly ticket, and Grcenbush 117 ‘ for the same; and in Albany the average Hcpubl - can majority was 302.” LEGISLATURE OF GEORGE 1. IN SENATE. Saturday, November 10. Notices for leave to report hills, viz : Air. IV ilson—To amend the law respect ing executors, so far as to compel the same to give bond and security for the faithful per formance of their duty. Mr. Allen—To amend an act to empower the General Courts of Pleas to grant writs of partition of lands and tenements held in copartenaiy, joint tenancy, and tenancy in common, in this province, and appointing the method of proceeding therein, passed in 1767. On motion of Air..Miller—Resolved, that the committee on Agriculture and InternaV Improvement he instructed to inquire into the actings and doings of the commissioners appointed for opening the Locust Slate Road, through the counties of Rabun and Habersham, and the disposition they have made of the money placed in their hands by the resolution of the Legislature in Dec. 1825. Monday, November 12. On motion of Mr. Clayton, of Clark—• Resolved, That the committee on the State of the Republic be instructed to inquire into the right and propriety of appropriating money from the public Treasury of the U. Stales, for the support of the Colonization Society, and to report to tins Legislature whatever may be expedient in relation to said subject. Air. Davis called up the following resolu tion, which was read and agreed to : Resolved, That the Senators and Repre sentatives of this State in the Congress of the United States, be requested to use their exertions to procure the passage of an act of Congress, providing for copying the docu ments and papers in the Plantation Office and other public offices in England, relating to the early history of Georgia. Mr. Cojfee laid on the table the following resolution—Resolved, That a committee on the part of the Senate he appointed to join such committee as is already appointed from the House of Representatives, for the pur pose of laying out a new county out of the counties of Gwinnett, Walton, DcKalb, and Newton. The following communication was re- Hon. Wm. H. Crawford, Judge of the. fiujserior *ceiyed from the Governor, by Air. Pierce, Courts of the Northern Circuit.—And, George W. Crawford, Esq. Attorney General . of the Middle circuit. ' On Tuesday the 20th inst. our vicinity was en tertained with a variation in the weather, more pe culiar to the higher latitudes, in the shape of a snow storm, which commenced about noon and continued till ten o’clock at night, leaving tho ground covered to the depth of two or three inches.—It has now nearly disappeared, but left the atmosphere quite cold; and if the air that passes us reach our friends of Augusta and Savannah, it will make them think more of cloaks than fevers. The legislature, we learn, is proceeding with an unusual degree of dispatch in the business under its consideration. Among the propositions of general interest before the house, is that of the removal of the Seat of Government from Milledgeville to Macon. This question has both its advocates and oppose rs; and its discussion, whenever the Legislature shall be called to act decisively upon it, cannot fail to enlist the Wannest energies in favour or against the mea sure, of those whose interests are to be injured or promoted by the discussion. The expediency of such a step, eligibility of situation being equal, Or nearly so, cannot, we think, be found in the existing necessity for an enlargement of the present limits of the Slate House. With a representation, which is from their present and increasing numbers, already a burthen to the treasury, we cannot but adopt tho opinion that the public expenditures might be judi ciously retrenched by a reduction of the representa tion, instead of being further burdened by appropri ations for new accommodations, which would be consequent on an abandonment of either the pre sent position or buildings for the purpose. The following elections, a notice of which was omitted in our last, were made by the Legislature on Friday the 9th inst.— Dr. Thomas Hoxey, of Putnam, Brigadier Gene ral of the 1st Brigade, 3d Division. Col. Nicholas Howard, of Greene, Brigadier General of the 2d Brigade, 3d Division. The election for State House Officers, which took place this day week, resulted in the choice of the following gentlemen:— Everard Hamilton, Secretary of State. Hines Holt, Treasurer. Tiiackara B. Howard, Controller General. John M’Bride, Surveyor General. Branched in the same manner as the arte ries, to he again returned to the mechanical source of circulation.—Assuming tho atmo* sphere to hold a relation to the earth simi lar to what the epidermis, or outer lamina of the skin, does to the animal body, then si milar to me appears the issue of water from 4flie surface of the earth, beneath this en velope, by means of springs, which may re present the extreme termination of the mi nutest arterial branches in animals, from whence it seipks the larger courses to be Tetumed to the propelling point of circula tion, while salt water and fresh, admirably compare with the difference between venous and arterial blood: though our knowledge of the animal body is not sufficient to show tlie analogy complete, in the process of con version from one to the oilier. It is computed that nine-tenths of the mountains of the earth, and probably the greatest depths of the oceans, 1 bear no greater proportion to the diameter of the eart h, thfin does a oair to the body of an or dinary sized man; we can therefore easily compare the bodies of Water on its surface, to the amount of blohd immediately in con tact with the ski«; and cst depth that it has been urseyffie great-, customary to pe rn search of Water, will st puncture thi of the skin, net. Should founded,' we phenomenon that tfce ecesgarily qp ,.wher* for the relish of most people. The fruit is nutriciou9, and a great resource to the sava ges. So many whimsical and unexpected tastes are compounded in it, that, it is said, a person of the most hypochondriac temper ament, relaxes to a smile/ when he tastes pawpaw for the first time.—Western Review. A young Indian warrior is notoriously the most thorough going beau in the world. Bond street and Broadway furnish no sub jects, that will undergo as mu S crimping and confinement, to appear in full dress. AVe are confident * that we have observed such a character constantly occupied with his paints, and his pocket glass three full hours, laying on his. colors, and arranging his tresses, and contemplating, from time to time, with visible shtisfaction the progress of his growing attractions. When he hac finished, the proud triumph of irresistible charms is in his eye. The chiefs and war riors, in lull dress, have one, two, or three broad clasps of silver about their arms, generally jewels in their ears, arid often in their noses; end. nothing is more common, than to see a thin, circular piece of silver, of the size of a dqjlar, depending from their «Ose a little h^Amv their upper lip. Nothing shews trioratifcieariy the influence of fashion. This ornament, so painfully, inconvenient, as it evideritly ia to them, and so " tigly and disfiguring, seems to be the finish of Indian taste. Painted qffills ai-e twisted in their hair mals hang from Jtheir hair be! the poiA JHiere they wete to raise haners r’s or eagle interior and Mental Progression.—In order to calcu late the progress of intellectual powers which could not be calculated according to the ordinary manner, ]ML Dupin has recourse to the, excellent statistics of the book trade, which the count Daru has lately published. According to that, the number of printed sheets for the book trade, properly so called, not including the Journals and the other in ferior works of the press, which have not the form of a book, would have been :—in 1814, 45.675 931 Viri 1815, 55,549,149; 1816, 66,852,883; in 1819,80,021,302; in 1825,128,610,483,- 1^26, 144,561,094. Thus, from 1814 to 1^2l^ih»d what is more surprising, from 1820 to 1826, the'produc tions of the press have increased in the pro portion of about from five to^mne, and are now triple arid more of what they were twel ve years since.—London Paper. A Predicament.—-The French courts ate about to have a case laid before them which presents difficulties which it would require the wisdom of Solomon to decide. The following are the facts A midwife, her self with child* while, assisting a woman in labouiV#as surprised herself with the pangs of child-birth. The riiaid-servant of the house, a young woman “ of a certain age,” was sarittnoned to assist the two suffering riiothers, and in a few minutes received in her arms two female infants, which she Among the resolutions offered in the House of Re presentatives last week, were some by Mr. Mason, which were read and ordered to be printed, for loan ing out to individuals, on interest, under the direc tion of a Board of Commissioners, the amount of Darien Bank Bills now in the Treasury. Governor Clinton.—A meeting of the citizens of Jefferson county, New York, has been called for the purpose of nominating Gov. Clinton as a candidate for the Presidency, recommending, at the same time, a Convention to assemble cn the 27th inst. for the purpose of adopting other measures to promote his election. However much disposed the friends of Gen. Jackson might be, with a different prospect be fore them, to lend their aid in support of Gov. Clin ton against Mr. Adams, under existing circumstan ces there can be but one general opinion upon this subject. A higher destiny, we think, yet awaits Clinton than would follow such an ill-timed opposi tion to the view’s of the Republican party. He can not but know it, and act in unison with such an im pression.—The New York Statesman, heretofore re gained as the authorised champion of Gov. Clinton, is by the ensuing disclosure from the N. York Eve ning Post, left to stand and act upon its own respon sibility. “ We have been for some rime in possession of a paper, of which wc here give a literal copy, but re tained it till this time, it having been intimated to us by the fiiend from whose hands we received it, that delicacy towards the distinguished individual princi pally concerned would be consulted by waiting until the recent election was over. We take the first op portunity to present it to our readers. “ Dear Sir,—1 lately had a personal conversation with Gov. Clinton, on the subject we talked of, as to the late singular course pursued by the Statesman, which has been generally supposed to possess his confidence; and it gives me sincere pleasure to in form you, that with his accustomed frankness he his Secretary, viz : -yr: Department, } Jg27. I * 6f the 3d afraCle of• the years alTCt of the Cot the body of our riiyi.l and cririnuaJ,' be revised, digested and -arranger* proper heads, and promulgated in ner as the Legislature may direct.” To carry into effect this section of the Constitu tion, an act was passed by the General As sembly on the 6th December, 1799. Other acts having relation to the subject have been subsequently passed.—One, tho act of the 12th December, 1809, is of permanent operation, and requites the compilation and publication of a Digest of the laws of every ten years at the successive tcrnnna' ; ons of that period of time. Different Digests now in common use throughout (he State have been compiled and published under authority of these acts. The terms usediirihrise acts, placed in a cradle, but without marking the place of et&ier.' One of the children died a few minutes after its birth; and now both mothers claim the lifting one.—F. des Lon. Mode of at the nose, e, bled from tT that ids, ice to the nap of the neck, &c. were but without stopping the flow of blood. and the contents of the several published, which have been approved, ni« if properly executed according to the intend tions of the several Legislatures by whopi' the acts were passed, demonstrate, that the part of the Constitution quoted was con strued to apply to the enactments of the Provincial Assemblies, and to those of the General Assembly since the revolution only. In some of the acts, special provisions ap pear to have been considered necessary for the insertion into the Digests of a few im portant English statutes. The intention of the frameis of the Constitulipn appears to the Executive to have been of a higher character. With perfect respect for those who have acted on a different opinion, the authors of the Constitution obviously con templated the revision, digest and arrange ment of the written and unwritten law of the State ; and the publication of the whole in the most useful form. The terms. the body of our law, civil and criminal,” arc general, and comprehend within their scope the common law eouallv with tlYeP stalutc. moat explicitly that he had not directly or indirectly consented, and'would not consent that his name should be used as a candidate in opposition to that o( Gen. Jackson. That ! any other course on hi? part would he contrary to principle, a violation of honour aud of good faith,’ and finished by declaring that the nomination of Gen. Jackson met with his approbation.” " Jftto York Elections.- The returns of which are still incomplete, as far as heard from, give an arie& peertdiy large majority for dent Jackson.—If the estimate of Noah, in an article to which we * ifer our SoVAlIW* readers » should prove correct, then inde^hostile I Q triumph been glorious. Some allowance, perhaps, - fe dae#Joi the spirit of exultation which ft broptbes; and ov1Sangi££gppgfi9b£*^ed upon ~~ result of for the city,^foiling Jad ding the eleventh ward, which yet heard from, and which will prc^ublv of our law, civil and criminal,” must be ta ken to bo exclusively applicable to tho com mon law, as the trunk from which the sta tute law has branched forth. It is not now possible to fulfil the intentions of the Con stitution within the time prescribed, hut Hs obligation upon us is not impaired by the lapse of time, nor by the errors, the omis-> sions and the inadvertencies of those who have preceded us. Reflections on the vast importance of the contemplated work, and >xte nsive utility, if performed with en labor, are; deliberately. excljud intended to inv 4876, uot r^mainedJi X he’ attenti \e moil. *j| (Si; General Assembly to constitutional oblige FORS