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s The Athenian. The “ Sketch ef the Life of Servetuswill be in- sertcd next week, if we can make room. [The following is at least a spirited copy, and had ' it been perfectly origAal, we must admit it would have been a clever performance.] FOR THE ATHENIAN. ( She fell! and all creatioil Seemed to moutn th* tfcrtimety fate Ofone, whom nature had adorned With all the graces of her sex. Her Oeauteous form now sunk! With hands uplifted toward the sky, £hejcast a languid, wishful look On those whosewat'ry eyes were turned To see her throbbing bosom breathe its last. With that last glance she caught The eye of hjr» .whose faulterihg r& ja And pallid check too plainly told The true sensations of bis breait^ But ah ! too’brtc! too late! alas. Her trembhpg lids, now Closed in death^ . Refos’d to- sgeakj^f language i cJF' i That her sparkling ej^.3 disclg^d ! Dear Clementine! sighed rlflfvotith,, / And gently press’d her f oten hand; Are thus iny hopes But swelling grief Forbade him longer to indnTje b» words. » Still on her cheek angelic >auty Shed its most delightful ckarms. The rose’s brilliant cofoigs A tarnish would have thrown around Her face, compass’d still about ““"th raven-ringlets, shining far and bright, speechless lover closed her lips, .fading, with silent kisses, ty, HiKO’er! she closed ion lover, earth, and friends. of gre - 1 same The content of a tri»'s veins n<>ver fluctuates •nlyin pioportjf, n to the mictua- txto pf the quantityuf^od in the arteries : the figure of the emulation of the blood, being a standnrtN^vfeomparison for the cir culation of water through the earth, is not complete. We know that before the ve nous blood .ran become arterial or fit for nutrition, it has to be exposed to the air through the medium of the lungs, and dis charge its carbon, which is combined with the oxigen inhaled, and exhaled in the form />f carbonic acid gass, unfit any longer for respiration.—Now I will ask this writer ho W fresh water is changed into saltwater hen rivers empty their contents into the eaq- if it is by any other plan than by sim- S. TO PULSAT. ri vers run into the sea; ye-; the sea is not that Mace ,fwm» .whence the rivprs came, tSckaiastes i. 7. How appear a the coni the above pa pot original.* the rivers ca ( of Pulsat seem from i placed on t they are V,' the, pla 4 h j&m whence jr tinner tV»y e.) the rivel|f.l0^^jfeiiiv—r = flu/sea.— l>ut rivers from.fife ^■P^wlielb'ji;, tliev^on- vey salt or frefo vr!!er: .ygt. ft »ve?al| conatrucrio|^gyb^writgage, vfit might sup pose, that tjmf^'vere Subterraneous rivers flowing ft oiri tKe fl.i'ean towards the sources of the ri\ete;^»wi the superficies of the ‘ ■rtg into those inmimera ierminate again on the forming the primitive But the observation earth, at Me stretfMs surface of fountains of of Philoso’ tion.-It that, the rivers evj do Tot justify this construb jjk? roa^onabls to holievq .posited in t he sea by the fir-t, hv electrical pie admixture 1 yet the saltness of the ocean is believed, on very good grounds, to have remained thf same in substance"and quanti ty ever since its creation, though more salty a great depth than on the surface, and under the equator than towards the poles. It is believed it would iake all the rivers in the world 500 years to fill up the space now occupied by the ocean. It consequently cannot suffer much dilution by the daily discharge of the rivers intjf its bosom ; but suppose no, changes of any kind ao take place in the ocean for several hundred years, a sensible change in the nature and saltness of the water would take place : but when it is considered that an electrical evaporation' is continually going on on the surface of the ocean, in the coldest as well ps the hottest weather, in every climate, and probably in foe precise ratio of the influx of the rivers of fresh water. We are nof astonished at the perpetual sameness in the quality and quanti ty .of marine water. What a wise provision of God, who created the waters! "N\ ithout the It created with the sea water, in the pre- se quantity it exists, it would have been totally unfit for the animals and vegetables which live and qrow in it. -There can be no increase or diminution of the saltness of the sea without subverting the whole order of nature. Destroy its saltness and we should have an ocean of putrifying water, destructive to animal and vegetable life Increase its saltness and the same results would be produced. There is but ope pro cess known by which nature changes salt water into fresh, and that is by evaporation if we except its congelation into ice, which xgain, then precipitated on land iu «. .. , , . , . . Wri—snA being absorbed and effected by the salty particlps being in »hn .separated from the water in a state of a par- ;e earth, again issues in the fo -Now the passage ahov [^ specifically state in what frfurn. whether by subte ams, nr by the more probable mi poration.—The received opinion nowt h -that evaporation isTprodufed ,x y electrics xrttTacttoh from the ocean', rivers, Takes an<T «arth—the amount from the latter, being as '1-10 to the ocean.—In the form of blonds ■the vapour is suspended by iKe same elec trical fluid, generally to the height of 5 or 6 miles from the earth, and owing to the Reloads always being electrified' positively or negatively, and the hills and" mountains elec trifled in Opposition to the clouds, of course the clouds are attracted by the rbountain* which are fixed, while the clouds noat in an Btmospherial fluid. This is farther confirm ed by the fart, that much more rain falls in the neighbourhood of mountains, than on any other portions of the earth.—Owing to this electrical attraction which subsists be tween the clouds and earth, it is said clouds are less fluctuating over hind than (he sea; and that mariners, in order to ascertain their proximity land, set their compass to the cloud which is supposed to hang over land, and if it is regular in its movements or com paratively stationary, they know it is over \land. but if it fluctuates, 'it is known to be (. over the sea. In proof of the above, 1 will here quote a passage from an eminent Natural Historian: “ When ve.pours arise they carry much ctricity ; along with them, hence they ire the body from which they are y/apo- :rated in a state of negative electricity. It (freimrkahie that the largest drops of rain always in the lower regions of the at- )here, and never any very considerable in. the higher. I had an exceeding jid instance of this upon Ben Moar, in the of Mull, about 2000 feet in height. riJen I descended to the bottom, I found largest drops of rain I had ever seen, fi^reas, the gentleman who remained at je top of the mountain felt nothing but the ►H drizzling rain usual in spring showers, sed this must happen, for as the drop/ and it is impossible but they must coa- and it is for this reason that the at drops fall m the summer when the Hal riVaporation while the water is frozen then.we must conclude that it is by this pro- "es| the, mountains are loathed yith cooling showers of fresh water, and the valleys inade ? To vegetate and bjpssom, and pearly brooks to murmur through the lawns. “ We -k#T"<- <«« wilnmilic ilislm-ccB to *HoW that the sea does any where subside considerably into the bowels of the earth. We find no where the waters of the ocean in the interior parts of the globe : on the contrary, we have nvuity instances to show that a very thin crust is capable of supporting the waters of fhe ocean and preventing foeir subsidence. It Whitehaven, in Cumberland, they work the coal fora measured Thile tinder the sea bottom. -The West India ships sail over the bends of the colliers, and yet-there is no sea water found in the mines. Af'Bor- ronstonness I saw, at one time, as they are called, 2 acres or more of coal wastes about 20 fathoms under the bottom/fif the sea, and yet the whole water wasydrained’ oflf by the labour of a single rpnn. At Kenniel thev quarter of a nrife under the water av.d in'-*^e place, to pollan 12 fathoms of the bottom,, and ycy these are,-among the driest mines iriyfhe country* In Cornwall they frequented rive at a mine till within 8 feet of the bottom of the sea, and yet such a mine is often drier than those in the inte rior parts of the country.” (The Historian before quoted.) I conceive Pulsat has tailed to give a more plausible theory of the tides, than fti« one so long established in foe schools, w.iich could be satisfactorily p^yen il tiVt« permitted.—I will conclude by gi^in< ?FH sat another nut to crack in the loflovimg question:—May pot the Gulfslream^ dticed by a subterraneous passage, piling from the Pacific ocean, under the Isthmus of Darien into the Gulf of Mexico, the fo and direction of \yhich stream, and rapidity, of the same, may be caused by the Pacific ocean being higher than the Atlantic"?—All the common theories respecting the nature -pf the Gulf stream, I conceive, are objec tionable. Amicus Scienti-e. B T . nd believed, departs about the end of September, ~ a^iout the middle of Octo- lutter tponth, M. Adenson ob served them on the, shores of Africa after their migrations frob Europe. He informs us, however, foat they do not build their nests in that country, but only come to spend the winter. M. Prelond has not only confirmed the observations of Adenson, in reference to swallows, but has stated at the same time, that the yellow and grey wag tails visit Senegal at the beginning of win ter. • The former (J\I6iaciUa flav<a,) is well, know n as one of our summer visitants. The nightingale departs from England about the beginning of October and from other parts of Europe about the same period. During the winter season it is found in abundance in Lower Egypt, among the thickest coverts, in different parts of the Delta. Those Birds do not breed in that country, and to the in habitants are merely winter birds of passage. They arrive in autumn and depart in spring, and. at the time of migration are plentiful in the islands of the Archipelago. The quail is another of oar summer truests, which has' been traced in. Africa. A few, indeed, brave the winters of England, and in Portugal they appear to b^ stationary. But in gene ral they leave fos country in autumn and return in spring. They migrate about the same time from the eastern parts of the continent of Europe, and visit and revisit in their migrations the shores of the Mediter ranean, Sicily, and the islands of the Archi pelago. While these birds perform those extensive migrations which we have here mentioned, others are contented with shor ter journeys.—Thus the razor-quilled auk, (Alca torda,) and the puffin (.ilea nfct'ca,) frequent the coast of Andalusia during the winter season, and return to us in the spring. Our summer birds of passage thus appear to come to us from southern countries, and, after remaining during the warm season, re : turn agairi to milder regions. A few of our summer visitants may winter in Spain or Portugal ; but it appears that in general they migrate to Africa, that unexplored country, possessing every variety of suffocu. and con sequently great diversity of climate. It is true that we are unacquainted with the win ter retreats of many of our sumfoer birds of passage particularly of small birds ; but as these arrive and depart under rimilar circum stances with those whose mirations are as certained, and as the operations which they perform during their residence with us are also similar; we have k right to conclude that they are subject to thg same laws, and execute the same movements. What gives weight to this opinion is the absence of all proof of a summer bird retiring to the north riutitvg the winter sqison In proof*) f the accuracy of the preceding conclusion, we foay observe that it is a fact generally acknoifedyed that the summer i; among land attd practice of physic and surgl irtie dove, &c. College, remarks: • u When pen chiefly belong iyphus fever desirft cold- water The swallow, should never be denied them ; many idle stories should be allowed to drink ad libi ' . The important discpvery is administering the water, which is, to give a gilDevery twenty minutes, or half a pint every half hour. Given thus, in fevers, for ty eight or sixtyhours,it produces astonish ing effects, in mitigating and removing them.. Indeed, its power is believed to b*i superior to any other medicine. It should not^ however, supersede the use of other remedies, but be given along with them. Whiletheskm isdry and hot, it should always be given cold; but when the body is moist with sweat, it should be given luke-warm. Athens, Dec. 7,1827. K ' ?CF* To the Frateniity.>—In the numerous re proaches between printers and post masters about the miscarriage of papers, we believe the fault rather more frequently belongs % the first than the last, from the insufficient manner in which they are put into packages.-—A printer, we know, is always aaxi oos and attentive that his subscribers shall be regu larly supplied: but it is the practice of many to use the outside quires of their printing paper for envelopes For more % than two or three papers together, this is .entirely too weak to go any distance, particularly, when they are put up fresh from the press, as the moisture entirely destroys its* tenacity, and a few tosses of the mail bag bursts the packet, and then the size of the mail, and the short space of 15 mi nutes allowed to overhaul it, often compels one post master to rely on the next for repair of the damage, and so on till they become entirely mutilated.—We use a Common wrapping paper manutactured from old tarred ropes, which, besides being cheaper than the outsides, preserves its toughness notwithstand ing the moisture; and we have Ascertained that our print goes regularly to the distance of 1500 miles.— Wfc frequently miss certain papers, end often among them the National Intelligencer, which we have known to arrive at the office here scattered about the mail bag. „ . , • liiledgeVilth, they would have done so, aa it has at-'. » fays been at their option. Altogether there is not solitary good reason for the change ; this paper cir- iulates'as largely in Gwinnett and the adjoining coun- as any other, and an adverse act, by suppressing alternative, would leave those who advertise ex- to higher charges, if wc are rightly inf;vto#w- j>n the whole the invidious nature of the mancc'V y is evident. * 1 The Tariff.—From the activity and talents enlist* ed on behalf of an. augmentation of duties on sundry goods, we are inclined to the opinion that the point wiU be carried in the Congress which has now assem bled. Indeed, in some of the states, whose resist ance of it heretofore has been ardeo t, wo should infer from the measures adopting, that opposition was about to cease ; in Maryland and Virginiap?.rticular- ly, vigorous exertions are making to establish manu factories in which slave labour is to be employed ; and the most profitable results are relied Op^—In this dilemma those who feel that their interests wifi be affected, may collect thoir best course wm i\tl fol lowing incident:—Apersonin a northern «fiv, v^ios/V employment lay at a distance from his divoTUrtg, tu tored a dog to bring him his dinner every day in a basket. In the performance of this duty the odour of foo basket’s contents frequently excited the op- peiitcof other dogs whom he passed, hut be faith fully defended it, and performed his errand regularly for some time. At length, a dog who had been fre quently tempted by the smell of the other’s charge,, and as often punished for it, one day assembled seve ral of his companions, and when the object of their designs appeared, they al! assaulted him at once—. resistance was vain, and ((^provisions were speedi ly scattered about: but the vanquished carrier, in stead of standing to bemoan or revile the outrage, instantly joined in devouring their prize, and secured considerably more than an equal share. We con ceive a more prudent step could hardly have bcc$j devised ; and if the increase of duties will be so veiy profitable to those who may engage in producing the articles embraced, we have never yet heard of any one havingthe effrontery to propose, that those state* j.which dread its effects, shall be excluded from par ticipating in those profits. fc The late arrivals furnish London and Liverpool dates to the 6th of October, But we discover nothing of any part cular moment in them, except a conti- nuanci^and increase of the disordered state of Spain, while the tffairs of Greece seem at a stand. clhuds are elevated .highest and have far thest, to fall.” u Along all the West coast of Britain, which is the highest land, the greatest quantity of rain falls. This is very well ascertained by the manufacture of ropes, which depends ver/ much on fair weather. At Leith, rope-makdrs can work 30 days in the year v more than can be v done at Greenock,”—owing to the diffeicftice in the height of land at the two_p!aces.—This is a very wise nrovision m nature : the high est places on %e globe are continually fed ihowers of snow, ntly, our most xnajesticTivers have theif heads fixed in the recesses of the 'highesl^mnuntains. An other fact that militates [+ We see nothing in the p: swing that foe idea of Pulsat is not tword is mentioned about pulsation or c< three therein.—Thu fact of flux and reflux hi aitted by every one in all agesbut the MISCELLANEOUS EXTRACTS. [Wo continue the following from an article wider the same head in onf last.] The migration of animals is another circumstance affecting their distribution. Quadrupeds make only partial migrations; as the stag and the roe from the mountains to the plftins. The winged and finned quadrupeds migrate more extensively, as the great.bat which 'inhabits England during summer, and spends its winters in (a torpid state in Italy:* and the Greenland seal, which migrates southwards to Ireland in winter. The migrations of,the feathered tribes are the most numerous 1 ; but foe same species which is migratoiy in one country,' is in some cases stationary in another; as the linnet idea of which is migratory in Greenland, fid] sta tionary in Britain. Migrating. ! either summer birds of passage, rive in spring and depart in autumn, of ter birds of passage, which arrive in au and depart in spring. The summer birds of {passage Are,. Among- birds of passage tisit the southern parts of the country a fey days, or even weeks, be fore they mafetf their appearance in the northern districts. Thus, the common swal low (Hums (tislica,) appears in Sussex about the begnnhg of the foird week in April; while-TCihe neighbourhood of Edin burgh it is sdiiStB seen before the first of May. The/cuckoo appears in the same district atyhnt tyc last week, of April; in Edinburgh seldom before th? second week in“ May/ The/reverse of this holds true with these surimer visitantsrit their depar ture. Thus aotterills (Charhdrius morinel- hts) forsake fe Grampians about the begin ning of Aiqjhst, and Scotland by the end of that monthi while they return to England in September, and remain there qven until Noventbqir. A difference of nearly a month takes place between the departure of the goatsucker (Capt'imulgus Europeans,) from Scotland and from the south of England. Virtues of Water as a Medicine.—It is not generally known, that simple water, i. e. uch as nature affords in its purest state, sesses important medical properties. Its efficacy, however, as a retnedy in diseases indubitable : the many cases hf colds and iured by water alone, afford ample elations, is a sub Its power of extensive^ there beihg which* if-does not act, s hot edmbine. Ta- dilutes the acrid Teratioit of Cathartic nt the whole of the canal/ th it may be here* Being absorb- he blood, it eihates the We have received the first number of a well print ed paper, entitled the “ Selma Courier,” published by Thomas J. Frow, at Selma, Dallas county, Alabama, which if adequately supported, argues favourably for that quarter.—Its general politics profess to be in accordance with those preponderating throughout this region, % Among the proceedings of our Legislature we find one item in which we have something more than a common interest, as its consummation would affect materially the concerns of this paper: we allude to an Act which has passed the lower house, (though not yet in the Senate,) for compelling the officers of Gwmnett county to advertise in one of the Milledge- ville papers—a favour which they have hithejto con ferred on this.—rWe can distinctly trace the agna tion of this measure, in connexion with ’another of equal consequence, to individual enmity against our publication in that county, and an accompanying desire to suppress its circulation there, without one particle of public utility to qualify, it; all which we may in due time expose: yet we freely admit, that considerable portion of the members in the majority upon the case were led to believe they were about to do the county a service, and others felt willing to yield what they considered a local point, but neither suspecting its true origin.—When the fact is so ge nerally conceded, it would perhaps^ittw be out of time to descant on the moral effect pf newspapers on the society that 4olerates and support* them, by es tablishing communications Between distant parts, making the residents of each familiar with the ideas and affairs of the other, and particularly by discus sion and dissemination of intelligence so as to ena ble the pubhc mind to act with discretion, prompt' ness and order, whenever its action is required: but we may remark, that notwithstanding their claims to favour, thore is not one in the state which could be upheld, or worth continuing, on its subscriptions alone, and each time print the quantity of matter it is accustomed to; wherefore no more effectual me thod to cripple one could be devised than to.de- priveit of advertising patronage ; and of this there is sufficient danger by established means, without the aid and arts of disguised malevolence; for the manner in which it is now regulated, as respects le gal business, renders it sufficiently difficult to obtain a profitable share.—We are probably not aware of all the reasons for establishing the existing regula tions, but we will venture to submit, that besides forming A kind of Government benefaction to a few, they have their disadvantages with respect to many concerned.—The law gives the option tp advertise in a paper printed in the cirCnit, or in one at Mil- ledgeville; ih order therefore, to attract patronage to Milledgeville, it is customary (so it 'is reported to make a great difference in charge between those who have an alternative; and those \$ho have none, thereby erecting the power for almost an entire mo nopoly in favour of that place, and converting their f stoma and assist foe rtedcmes in clear! cbnt aits of the in mot w and ed iV« mixed whoUcirculatmg: mass, combines with the nox/ te matters that urn in it, aod passing off frfely* by the skin/ kidneys, and other email Rories, exprls the viscid, sharp, and acrid ilumors from thelbody. r ^ fo> (convinced was the r-r’J.rated Dr. Hoffman of its virtues, that he exclaimed ** Of ail the production^ of nature or art, wa ter cojnes nearest that universal remedy, so much (sought after by mankind, but never discovered.” Dii Tissot, of whom Mr. Wesley speaks, as a Person of strong understanding, exten sive knowledge, and deep experience, ob serves : “ Out of twenty sick persons who are lost in the country, more than two thirds might have been cured, if they were suppti- ed with abundance of po^avafer.” boatw a» fcrm«,orthi,p.pcr th.u<W.-Tho Formerly, m maBy inslances, "" oScmoMh, re^tiw count!., being under ibli. denied persons sicl^with fevers. This er-ipp™ to «n cutettieir Jo a t , in the moat benetjw tirely eradicated, is tnuclr j manner, we cannot but suppose that if tboso o past., one in question had believed it would be an advan* the theory j tage to thd business in their hands to advertise jnfi ■ X' ' wr v i:. ■ .. :*:■ LEGISLATURE OF GEORGIA. IN SENATE. "SATuitDAr, Nov. 24. Mr. Crawford of Columbia, from jfie committee on Banks, reported a bill to <• amend the act incorporating the Marino and Fire Insurance Bank of the city of Savan nah, which was read the first time. Mr. Sellers had leave to report instanter, ^ bill more effectually to define the method* \ f perfecting service pn persons whose draws have, or shall be returned as fraudulently given in and drawn, w ithin the late purchase, including the countjes of Lee, Muscogee, Troup, Coweta, and Carrol, which was read the first time. Mr. Scarlett laid on the table the follow ing resolution.—Resolved, that the services ofcthe State’s Engineer be authorised and employed in surveying the port and harbor, ^ * and the route of tiie contemplated canal of Brunswick, when it shall be required of hjm by the Brunswick canal company, during the next year—provided at the time of Re quiring his services, he is not engaged in some other important duties of his office. Monday, Nov. 26. * Mr. Gamble had leave to.report instanter, a bill to amend the rent laws of this Slate, which was read the first.time. . BILLS P ASSED.. To authorize pertain commissioners therein named, torayY fottwrV the sum herein specified, for fllg^uijqse of building a Masonic Hall in the town of Monroe^ Walton county. The bill to compel Justices cf the Peace in this State to give bond and security, was taken up and rejected—yeas 40—nays 19. Tuesday, Nov. *27. * Mr. Allen from the committee on \ gri- culture and Internal Improvement,Reported a bill to prescribe a permanent syste m of Internal Improvement, which read the first time. v A Message wlis received froip tbo .Gove- ner rejecting a resolution concerning the distribution of printed copies of(the Journal of the Sessions. R The bill to lay out a town on the^ reserve at the Coweta falls on the Chataftoochie , river, and to name, and dispose of • foe V ame, A were both severally read the third t»»\e and passed. ^ Wednesday, Nov. 23.\ Mr. Baber from the joint commutee on Agriculture and Interna! Improvement, to whom was referred the documents relating to the improvement of the navigation of the Ocmulgee river from Macon to" its junction with the Oconee river, made a report, which was read and ordered to lie on the table. On motion of Mr. Powell, the Senate re» solved itsqlf into a committee of the whole on the bill for the division of the late ac quired counties. The bill was reported without amendment. The Senate took up and agreed^ to the report, when the bill was f read the third time and passed. The bill to lay out and form a new coun ty out of the counties of DeKalb, Fayette, Coweta, and Carrol, was taken up and ne gatived by the casting vote of the acting President (Mr. Clayton of Clark.) Thursday, Nov. 29. .. . . . ... Allen B. Powell, Esq. was chosen by the editors into comers instead of instructors: whereas, Senate, President pro tern duriror the tem- -if itwas ^consigned to one of the papers in the cir- |p 0r ary absence of the President. ° Bills reported, and read the first time. By Mr. McTyre.—To incorporate a Bunk in the city of Augusta, to be denomi nated the Merchants’and Planters’ Bank in the city of Augusta. Onfmotion of 'hlr.Eszard, a committee was appointed to reporta bill to incorporate tho Presbyterian church in the town of Decatur, DeKalb county, and to appoint Trustees for the same. Friday, Nov. 30; % BILLS PASSED. Mr. Homy laid on the table the foffow- solution : iepastafes: cuit, or the next most convenient paper,' an equalli- zing system would be produced, and no doubt many conveniences accrue to those concerned, respecting distance and opportunity, from which they are now excluded.—We humbly conceive that a legislative enactment should have for its object, either the pro motion of a public good, or the suppression of a pub lic evil; but in this case we can perceive neither the one nor the other, unless the gratification of the spleen and sinister views of a few individualsddiould ijuiy has been don^