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5p **, »;# < The Athenian. 1 PcisiT's’ reply, and the two pieces of ‘ S.^ will be attended to in our next. % «T 'ii following aqcount of s to Calvin at w' d y» is judge generous an Mr. Shaw,—The followiug at the life and writings of Servetusf, may per haps be interesting to some of yoar readers Who may not have seen any graphy of him. The *" very interesting on tv throws a great deal of ahd circumstances 2d, It shows that approach towards turn of the B physician wh'o and that his oh* probably fa&tay celebrated awa.>' .*d. not of. life, aw4 fcR so young cism, there .fa no telling what particularly hi his own profession, he would have been author of; for it eesferbe fans peaceably on bis vpay to • N himself and practice physie|| when he was aixftried iu Geneva, ttppnsc ed, tried, and ■kTCH QT M1C0A vvxs a most .-famous for SKJ the cr Scriptures Cause the Raft noise in.F vinced that and it ma that the to be raj very %ad. after he V louse, ‘set up confe: #et toon two his : . erititi , him me (Trim learned opposition to the and for the iat account: uva, in At* was a notary, sent Qulouse, to study to read the probably be a great con- og,, fancy ines it will, hi grew ■ notion ; and atTou- rtna 1 lasil, l \ having ipadius, smely desi- and Capito, city. At fed a manuscript Irroribus,” in the who sent it after- , whither Scrretus went I, in 1531. The next year ise at Haguenau, another title, 44 Dialogorum de Trini- duo;” in an advertisement to bfetu tracts what he had written in his ' book against (he Trinity; hot as it fse, but because it was written imper- confusedly, impolitely, and, as by a child for the use of children he published two books against the lity, in less than two years, and without fling to put his name to them, was very young, extremely zealous new opinions, and perhaps unac principles of the Refor- tint#, dt is ¥5fcly, that being lately come from France into a Protestant country, h e as freely against the ra did hgainst the doc- intiation &c- and what is , he docs riot seem ever after to have dence; for he n«ty angry letters to hi ut afterwaids prod letters and manuscript his trial.—Varilla» affirms at Paris an original letter of , written in 1546, wherein is passage : “ Servetus has sent book, stuffed with idle fancies, of .arrogance. He says I shall find ih|e things in it, and such as has not hitherto heard of. He offer}? to coine ither, if I am witling: but I will not* ep- ,age my word ; for if he comes, and if any £»gard he. had to my authority, I‘shall not , suffer him to escape with his ii/e.”—Sor- e biere mentions the same letter, and says Grotius saw it, at Paris, with words in it to that effect. 1 Servetus continued to be so fond of bis anti-trinitarian notions, that he resolved to publish a third work in fayour of them. This came out in 1553, at Vienne, with thid title, 44 Christiahismi Restitutio,” and pro bably is the hook he had sent to Calvin. Servetus did not put his real name to this work; but Calvin informed the Roman Ca tholics in France, that he was the real au thor of it. Upon this information, Servetus was imprisoned at Vienne, and certainly would have been burnt alive if he had not made his escape: however, sentence was passed on him, and his effigies were carried to the place of execution, fastened to a gib bet, and afterwards burned with five bales of his books.—Servetus was in the mean time retiring to Naples, where he hoped to practice physic with the same.high repute as he had practicejpat Vienne, yet was~ so imprudent as to take his. way.through Ge neva, though he knew Calvin was his mor tal erfemy.—Calvin being informed of his arrival, acquainted the magistrates with it, upon which he was seized and cast into pri son, and a prosecution was presently com manced against him for heresy and blasphe my. Calvin pursued him with a malevo lence and fury which was manifestly perso nal ; though no doubt that reformer easily persuaded himself that it was all pure zeal for the cause of God, and the good of his church. The articles of his accusation were numerous, and not confined to his book called “ Christianismi Restitutio,” but were, sought out of all his other writings, which were ransacked for every thing that coqld be strained to a bad sense. One of them was of a very extraordinary nature. Servetus had published at Lyons, in 1535, an edition of Ptolemy’s Geography, with a preface and some notes. Novi' he was charged with saying that, “ Judea has been falsely cried up for beauty, richness, and fertility; since those who have travelled in it* have found it poor, barren, and utterly devoid of pleasantness ;” and they made him reflect upon Mosesi, as if he had been vanus prceco Judea, had written like a pane gyrist rather than an historian, 'in his ac- e | count of that holy land. We cannot decide eittpoiisthef justness of the charge, not know * ing where to get a sight of his Ptolemy: yet we can scarcely believe that Servetus meant to reflect upon Moses, since he was neither an Athe»st nor a Deist, hut, on the contrary, $ w *• 1 ' . . >> • lS due »this is also exceed? tcst^ l. -jgjj* first step made towa findingv.'.t \\ : . whole mass ofbloi ne lings, by the pulmo ei:i. T. e first that I could »ad . uFncti ■■ tery jver find t idea of this matter, was Spanish physician, who Arianism, at Geneva, near |140 years ago. Well” had it been for the church ofChrtaif he had wholly conferred himself to his Q*n profession!—His saga city in this particular, before so much in the ) dark, gites us £jteat reason to believe, that the world JBtglft then have just cause to have blessed his memory. In a book of his en titled, ^Christianismi Restitutio,” printed in 1553, he clearly asserts, that the blood passes through the I s, from th e left to the right ventricle of tlie heart; and not through the partition which divides the two ventrieles, as was at Dow he intirot commonly believed. _jcee it, os in which of the six discourses into which ServetU9 divides his book, it is to he found, 1 know not, having never seen the book myself. Mr. Charles Betnard, a very learned and eminent Sur geon of London, who did me the favour to communicate this passage to me, .set down at length in the margin, which was transcribed out of Servetus, could inform me no farther, only that iie had it froip a learned friend of his who h ; ad himself copied it from Servqtus.” [The note annexed by the writer, we hare deemed it prudent to omit.] Athens, Dec, 14, 1827. We had expected to receive the President’s Mes sage in time for giving its contents this week; but no Washington, or other northern papers arrived in the last mail. The reason we are ignorant of. v . J| I Mi • Tuesday, Dec. 4 The hill to dispose of the Me In serves in the county amended, read the.thwd unanimously. ^ Mr. Worthy had leave to report instanter, a bill to add a certain number of Trustees to the Lawrenceville Academy, in the coun ty of Gwinnett, which was read the first time. . Wednesday, Dec. 5. BILLS PASSED. To extend the time to fortunate drawers m the Land Lotteries of 1818, 1819 and 1821, to take out their Grants and for other purposes. To incorporate the Presbyterian Church in the town of Decatur, De Kalb county, and to appoint Trustees for the same. To make the estates of Attorneys at Law liable for the payment of all sums of money by them collected and not paid over, before the payment of other debts due by such Attorneys. Bills reported instanter and read the first time. By Mr. Hicks.—To divide the counties »t of .T^rrol and Coweta into electoral districts, and ha add a certain part of the Cherokee Nation to the county of Carrol, for the pur poses of giving jurisdiction to the same. Thursday, Dec. 6. On motion of Mr. Crawford of Columbia, the Senate reconsidered so -much of their Journal of yesterday as relates to the pas sage of the bill to make the esiatesref Attor- neys-at Law liable for the payment of all Bums of money collected by them and not paid over, before the payment of other debts due by such Attorneys. The Senate took up the reconsidered bill to pardon Ludwell Watts of Butts county, and negatived the same—Teas 35, Nays 41. Friday, Dec. 7. BILLS PASSED. To add a certain number of Trustees to the Lawrenceville Academy, in the county of Gwinnett. Bill reported instanter, and read the first lime, viz: ' N Mr. Clayton of Clark.—To facilitate the recovery of personal property in certain cases.. Seat of Government.—The bill for the removal of the seat of government has at length been acted on, and the question definitely settled in favour of the present location. An appropriation of twenty thou sand dollars has also been made for the enlarge ment of the State-house. ' this error, or to have thought of fully persuaded of the divine inspiration of »v$S?S3 means to retrieve the dangerous steps ^occasioned him to take, iving published these two books, he red to return to France, hecause he was and did not understand the German lage, as he alleged, upon his trial, to edges when they asked why he had left iany.—He went to Bpil, and then to : after being two or three years at he went to Paris, and studied physic Sylvius Fewehusy and other profes- he took the degree of master of arts, nfas admitted Doctor of Physic in the |rsity there. Having finished hi9 roe- tudies at Paris he left that city to go ; practice in some other place. He set< two or three years at a town near Lyons, and then at Vienne, in Dauphiny for the space of ten or twelve. His books against the trinity had raised a great tumult among the German divines, and spiead his In 1533, be- ■ throughout all Europe, fore he had left Lyons, Melancthon wrote i letter to Camerarius, wherein he told him jhhat he .thought of Servetus and his books. Servetus,” says he* “ is evidently an acute :y disputant, but confused and undi in his thoughts, and certainly want- point of gravity.” He adds that, “ he ways been afraid disputes about the would break out—Bone Deus! quales s excitabit haec.quaestio posteras,” Good' God!’ says he, 4 what trage- 9 this question,—Whetfter the Word lirit be substances or persons,-^taise among posterity!” While Servetus was at Paris, his books were dispersed in Italy, and very much ap proved by many who hud thoughts of for saking the church bf P ome; upon which* Melancthon wrote a letter to the Senate of Venice, importing that, M a book of Serve tus, who had revived the error of Paulus Samosatenus, was handed about in their country, and beseeching them to take care that the impious error of that man be avoid ed, rejected, and abhorred.” • All this while, the reformer Calvin, who Was the head of the church at Geneva, kept a constant correspondence With Servetus by Letters. He tells us that he had for six teen yearp endeavoured to reclaim that Pby- from his errors.—Bezs informs us kin knew Servetus at Paris, and op that Calvi Wd his Saving onj doctrine; and adds that, engaged to dispute with Calvin, durst the scriptures. Another article was, that 1 he had corrupted the Latin Bible he was hired to correct at Lyons; partly with ira pertinent and trifling, and partly with whim sical and impious notes of his own, through out every page.” Bbt thp main article of all, and which was certainly the ruin of him, was that, “ in the person of Mr. Calvin, minister of the word of in the church of Geneva, he had defanniu the doctrine that he preached, uttering all imaginable injuri ous and blasphemeous words against it.” The magistrates of Geneva, after con sulting the magistrates of the Protestant cantons of Switzerland, to whom they sent Calvin’s letters, and the books Servetus had written,-all gave sentence against' him, in nee of which, ho was condemned and burnt alive, Oct. 27th, 1553. His death eft a stain upon the character of Calvin, which nothing can wipe out, because e body believed that he acted in this from motives merely personal: ness of address and management ing Servetu9 to be apprehended ifefl to trial, his furious and brutal tlr The legislative proceedings of the past week, of a general nature, are submitted.—The charges prefer red against Judge Fort of the Southern circuit, will, it is expected, Should they result in an impeachment, occupy the attention of the house to a later period than is usual. The different reports of the commit tee on the state of the republic, have been made and agreed to. The one on the Tariff and Internal Im provement, and also that on the differences between the State and Genera) Government, from the pen of Judge Clayton, from the ability with which they are written, are clear and satisfactory. Another, by Judge Shorter, on the right of Georgia to the Chero kee lands, ir cogent and conclusive. The extension of the civil jurisdiction of the state over the Chero kee territory, was made the order of the day for Wednesday last. — Darien Bank.—The-'Govemor has dissented from a bill Extending further indulgence to this Bank, with the privilege, (founded upon insecure, if not un> certain pledges,) for an annual redemption of 150,000 dollars of the bills now in the Treasury. His objec- jections, which are given at considerable length, will, wc think, be regarded as conclusive, when it is con' sidered that the probability of a final loss to the State increases with the indulgence already shewn, as individuals alone, arc benefitted, while the cer tainty of future ability is tendered more doubtful, by a diminution of the means which it at present possesses for the reduction of the debt due the State. From the raess&ge We learn, that through the for bearance granted by the State, the interest on the bills kept from circulation has amounted to 64,845 dollars, from the inaction of 590,500 during the year 1896, and of 490,201-dollars for the present political year, 1827; the sum of 100,000 dollars having been withdrawn for puiposes of internal improvement.— The bank and individuals have alone derived the ad vantage, while the State has been the sufferer. Du ring this period, 1,336,130 have been paid to pri vate claimants, leaving a balance-due to individuals on the sun above mentioned of 134,815 dollars, while the amount due the state remains unaltered, the sum appropriated for internal improvement ex- HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Saturday, Dec. 1. On motion of Mr. Daniel, the House re considered the journal of yesterday, so far as relates to the rejection of the bill to .re duce the fees of the county officers, and the salaries of other public officers. The Speaker laid before the House a communication from lim at the time of his trial, and lation and malevolence towards his condemnation, will not suff; doubted. It reflected also upi mers in general, who seemed sooner out of the church of Rome, began to cherish the same intoleratin rit, and to use the same persecuting arts," for which they pretended a just ground of separation from that church. It is said Cal vin wrote a book, to prove that the magis trates may .punish hxreticswith the lose of life. Servetus was a man of great acuteness and prodigious learning. He was not only deeply versed in what we usually call sa cred and profane literature, but also an adept in the arts and sciences. He obser ved upon hfa trial, that he had professed mathematics at .Paris, although we do not find when nor under what circumstances. He was so admirably skilled in fession, that he appears to h knowledge of the circulation of the though it was confused, intricate, and sho of the clear and full discovery made by Hai vey. Read what our learned Wotton written upon this subject: 41 Since th says he, “ have no right to so coble to in cepted. The impolicy come the sole creditor, of the mast follow from a fa , gence, as contemplqt n behalf of the bar the Legislature, is 1 View of the subject! i of justification for has deemed it r-fother considers dors it essentia to its ult the issue of an 1 hank alone. the state to be- result which of the indul- on submitted the decision of verlook,—This sufficient ground :ch the Governor t; but there are elusive, which ren- she acts with should also consider beneficial to the LEGISLATURE OF GEORGIA. IN SENATE. Saturday, Dec. I. BILLS PASSED. To amend -the road taws so far R3 res pects the county of Madison. To incorporate the Methodist church in Lexington. Mr. Clayton of Clark, firom the commit tee on the judiciary reported a bill, To alter a part of the 3<J sec. 1st art. of the constitution of the State of Geogia, and a part of the 7th sec. 3d art. and a part of the th sec. of the 1st art. and a part of the . sec. of the 3d art. and a part of the 3d c. 3d. art. of thefaud constitution. dents, a discovery, \it will be worth wl quire to whom of tbe jnad^rnMfe# glory _ Mo BILLS time to the referred the,Resolution from the House ot Representatives of the 23d ult. have mature- enup, ly considered the sampr and -have ’the honor to submit the following REPORT— Thatjrom the continued depression of the cotton market, whereby the principal staplo of the stfae is becoming gradually a drug* it is all important that the attention of the people of Georgia should be directed.to its improvement, and also to the i S <pg and cultivation of other articles Tor e^ort and home-consumption, that^ those now reared and cultivated : but, more^especially, to an improved condition of all tiiat extensive al luvial region, within our borders, ordinarily known as the 44 Pino Barren” land, whereon many of it» inhabitants are forced to a miserable subsistence, without their present condition, satisfaction recollection^of the manner in winch have been obliged tq rear their, < hope for better times from either tire qpan- tity, quality or value of the several produc tions that their farms arc now made to TKSt when tins State was first settled in 1733, by Gen. Oglethorpe,> it was. an inse^n parable condition, and annexed to every ^ grant, that a certain number of the White Mulberry tree should be reared upon ©very allotment made to the Colonists. That/ in consequence thereof, the important arti cle of silk was produced gradually, and i t small quantities,'Vrittfrfiifc'Jear 175y; tVfi'er 1052 lbs., weight of cocoons were received at the Filature in Savannah ; and*, that the year following, in consequence of some en couragement given by the British "Farlia ment, produced m Georgia, and Pilrysbnrg or its neighbourhood, no less than 7$401bs. weight; and in the year succeeding that, an Amount Considerably above 10.#$0 lbs.- was also received at the old Capitol of State. The culture continuad to proceed, T until it wa9 destroyed by the occurrence<of 1 the American Revolution, and the introduc tion of the more profitable, but more unheal thy articles of rice and Indigo.—But when * we reflect, that the Mulberry willgrownnon the most light sandy soil, and that the whole process of nfaking-silk may be carried on by adult females and children,—surely the cul ture deserves the serious attention, and fil tering aid of the Legislature, In regard to the Olive* your Committee Jjeg leave to report, that upon the plantation ofthat useful and enlightened citizen,. Tho mas Spalding, Esq. of McIntosh county, there are already five bearing trees, and about 40 or 50 which' promise soon to ar rive at maturity. \ The State is also deeply indebted to Tho. M’Call, Esq. for his successful experiment y 1 - wL m 1 1 native grapes. So far back as 1740, is historical evidence, that^ery cMild.be made in Georgia^-and wnyo we take into view, the health,, the^morals' and the character of our people,' surely this branch of agriculture likewise merits all the countenance that the *, representatives can vvui.uwuvu.ivu uvm Jos. Blackshear, tn w.., -«v^. »v» ..... vuvvw^.u. uuun. relation to the conduct of the Judge of the in relation to the making of wine from our Superior Courts of the Southern, Circuit, * which was read and referred to a select committee consisting of Messrs. Dougherty, Burnside, Haynes, Safiold, Siites, Copp, and Davis of Elbert. On motion of Mr. Dougherty, it was or dered that a copy of the charges be furnish ed to Judge Fort, and that the committee have power to send for persons and papers, for the purpose of enabling them to inves tigate the said charges. v \ Monday, Dec\3. The speaker laid before the House a, let ter fiom Ambrose Baber, and Alexander Jones, a committee on the part of the medi cal board, and the same being read—on mo tion of Mr. Hull of Clark. - /- The Hall of Jhe H. of R. was tendered to the medical board at 12 o’clock this day in stead of one o’clock as heretofore agreed upon,—and Messrs. Hull,of Clark, Brew ster, and Habersham, were appointed a com mittee to notify said board thereof. Tuesday, Dec. 4. The reconsidered bilt to amend the 1st sec. and the 3d art. of the constitution of this give it. Respecting gar Cane, it is our own Slatyt of mkfty now li and value, and Besides Indig ble Dyes, which ft is believed, would etm* nently contribute to enhance the value of our exports, pm! promote alike the state, was read the 3d time and negatived for want of a constitutional majority—Yeas 57—Nays 44. Wednesday, Dec. 5. The House went into a committee of the whole, Mr. Daniel in the' chair, on tho bill to remove the seat of Government—Mr. Daniel from the committee reported the bill to the house with amendment.—The report was taken up and agreed to.—The bill was read the third time and rejected—Yeas 16— Nays 105. The House then went into a committee of the whole, Mr. Jordan, of Jones, in the Chair, on the report of the joint committee to whom was referred the subject of enlarg ing the state house, and procuring a plan for the same, ‘&c. The report was taken up, when Mr. Hull of Clark, offered the following as a substi tute, viz: Resolved, That the sum of twenty thou sand dollars be, and the same is hereby ap propriated for the purpose of enlarging the Statehouse for the accommodation ot the Legislature upon such plan as may be adopt ed by this legislature or by a committee ap pointed for that purpose, and that the same be inserted in the appropriation act. On motion to ag»->e thereto, the Yeas were 92—Nays 22. Thursday, Dec. 6. BILLS PASSED. To authorise an additional volunteer com pany of Rifleifien in the county of Hail. To’authoriso the Inferior court of Dgle thorpe county to levy an extra tax, t '$o put and keep tho public roads in good order in said county. - 't| The engrossed bill to extend t t be civiKju risdiction of this Stale over the unlocat£< territory thereof, now in the possession the Cherokee Indians, was taken up made the order of the day for Wednes tural and the commercial |rosper?ty"x»f the State.—That most to be ricoqutiended, is the Madder, which has rr^fay years since been cultivated with succ ten in Georgia, and is known Tor its propei&t* fa dyeing the Turkey Red. It is suit«7to‘4hnse san dy loams so common in omi^Hfatry, whe ther light or deep, that ml moisture,—asks for its and light labor,—requites, t tO bring the pi thqdgh expensive at To give turi fractions, lots anc fractions, to pay for their land. o, and Su- to refer to experience heir utility on to our*5tate. . are several vegetal ive of little three a Supply from the plan e had for a long time *;' the best calculations, a clear profit of $150 per ■ The White Po weft adapted to t considerable branch Asia: and, when 600,000 los. of tho region of the there can be llo 31 well calculated to arrest t! agricultural portion of The next object to' tee would desire ■ people of Georgia, ral and artificial of that celci of Caroline, following foots—all as they must be to the wh tion of this Union. ■ 1. That the great from the gramineous fami a comparison between thi? kitchen garden, and spontaneous offering of thq 2. That they enable the [to raise meats of all kind own use, or for the market, ty, in'lhe cheapest modes the size of all animals d or !aber.^^HH at they ving lal uce a conside >r—because the - requires the most toil to be exel at the same time that it yields profit. . i It . nM ^ mo ? over ^fatted; thafas our te?* in tho Pine scattered over sity to use all dreary and