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THE SEMI-WEEKLY SUMTER REPUBLICAN, ESTABLISHED IN 1854, By CHAS. W. HANCOCK. VOL. 18. The Sumter Republican. Semi-Weeki.y, One Your - - - 51 00 Weely, One Year - - - - - 2.00 in Advance.jgJ All advertisements emiuating from public dices will be charged for in accordance with an act passed by the late General Assembly of Georgia—7s cents per hundred words for each of the first four insertions, and 35 cents for each subsequent insertion. Fractional parts of one hundred are considered one hundred words; each figure and initial, with date and signature, is counted as a word. The cash must accompany the copy of each advertisement, unless different arrange ments have been made. Advertising- Kates. One Square first insertion, - - - - ?1.00 F.ach subsequent insertion, - - - - 50 jgr-TE.N Lines of Minion, type solid con stitute a square. All advertisements not contracted for will be charged above rates. Advertisements not specifying the length f time for which they are to be inserted will be continued until ordered out and charged for accordingly. Advertisementstooccupy fixed places will be charged 25 per cent, above regular rates Notices in local column inserted for te.D cent per line each insertion. Charles F. Crisp, Attorney at Law , AMERICUS, GA. declStf B. P. HOLLIS Attorney at Lmv 9 AMEIUCUS, GA. Office, Forsyth Street, in National Bank building. dec2otf E. G. SIMMONS, I Attorney fit Law 9 \ AMEIUCUS GA., Office in Hawkins’ building, south side of Lamar Street, in the old office of Fort & Simmons. janOtf .T. A. ANSLKY, ATTORNEY AT LAW AND SOLICITOR IN EQUITY, Office on Public Square, Over Gyles’ Clothing Store, Americus, Ga. After a brief respite 1 return again to the practice of law. As in the past it will be my earnest purpose to represent my clients faithfully and look to their interests. The commercial practice will receive close atten tion and remittances promptly made. The Equity practice, and cases involving titlesof land and real estate are my favorites. Will practice in the Courts of South west Georgia, the Supreme Court and the United Stales Courts. Thankful to my friends for then patronage. Fees moderate. novlltf CARD. I offer my professional services again to the good people of Americus. After thirty years’ of medical service, I have found It difficult to withdraw entirely. Office next door to Ur. Eldridge’s drugstore, on the Square janlTtf K. C. BLACK, M. IX_ DR. BAGLEY’S INDIAN VEGETABLE LIVER AND KIDNEV PILLS. For sale by all Druggists in Americus. Price 25 cents per box. jan26wly Dr. D. P. HOLLOWAL DentisT, Americus. - - - Georgia Treatssuccessfully all diseasesof the Den tal organs. Fills teeth by the improved method, and inserts artificial teeth on the best material known to the profession. {SsfOFFICE over Davenport and Son’s Drug Store. marllt M. H. O'DANIEL. M. D. Americus, Ga. Office and Residence, No. 21 Barlow House. All calls promptly attended, day or night. Calls left at Eldridge’s Drug Store. feb7-3m Dr, J. F. Stapleton Offers his professional services to the people of Americus and surrounding eouutry. He will practice medicine, surgery, obstetrics, and all other matters pertaining to Lis pro fession, A successful experience in the past will guarantee to him success. Calls left at the residence of Mrs. Mary Jossey, at Dr. Eldridge’s Drug Store, and at the office of Urs. Head & Black, will receive prompt attention. janl9-3m THE SUN SMBF THE SUN’S first aim is to be truthful and useful, its second,to write an entertaining history of the times in which we live. It prints, on an average, more than a million copies a week. Its circulation is now larger than ever before. Subscription: Daily (4 35c. a month, or *.50 a year; Sunday (s pages), Sl.ao per year; Weekly (s pages), $1 per year. P 1. W. ENGLAND, Publisher, New York City. irnmmm. I hMvo a positive remedy tor the above disease; bv lie iit-Y ihousaiuls orpitsQHof the worst kind and of Joint „ , -,i 1. . r ,vu ti ’.oi .Mired. IndiiOil, no strong Is my faith , , ■ Ij.M v i Oil I will si’ll.l TWO BOTTLES KIOSK, i . ‘ • •.. , \ . i.UAIM.K TREATISE on tills disease, ... • ~,ij- . - ii,v.. KxnivMH mill I*. O. address. r .. ,-uii CM. 181 IV.-irl St.. New York. SIVORCES.— No publicity; residents of any State. Desertion, Non-Support ice and applications for stamp. IV. H. Leo, Att’y, S3 Broadway, New Fork. ADVERTISERS by addressing GEO. P. ROWELL & CO., 10 Spruce Street, New York, can learn the exact cost of any pro posed line of ADVERTISING in American Newspapers. FSyiOO page Pamphlet, 25c. THE ATLANTA SUNDAY PHONOGRAPH Is a lively, spicy Sunday paper, devoted to Local, General, Miscellaneous, Society and Dramatic news, together with Choice Sto ries, Poetry and Literary matter. Samples can be had for a one-cent stamp. Address, feb2-3m PHONOGRAPH, Atlanta, Ga. r SIMMONS \ fcREGULATORI Yangcment of Liver, Bowels and Kidneys. SYMPTOMS OF A DISEASED LIVER. Rad Breathy Pain in the Side, sometimes the Pain is felt under the Shoulder-blade, mistaken for Rheumatism; general loss of appetite; Rowels generally costive, sometimes alternating with lax; the head is troubled with pain, is dull and heavy, with considerable loss of memory, accompanied with a painful sensation of leaving undone something which ought to have been done; a slight, dry cough and flushed face is sometimes an attendant, often mistaken for consumption; the patient complains of weariness and debility; nervous, easily startled; feet cold or burning, sometimes a prickly sensation of the skin exists; spirits are low and despondent, and, although satisfied that exercise would be bene ficial, yet one can hardly summon up fortitude to try it—in fact, distrusts every remedy. Several of the above symptoms attend the disease, but cases have occurred when but few of them existed, yet examination after death has shown the Liver to have been extensively deranged. It should be used by all persons, old and young, whenever any of the above symptoms appear. Persons Traveling or Living in Un healthy Localities, by taking a dose occasion ally to keep the Liver in healthy action, will avoid all Malaria, Bilious attacks, Dizziness, Nau sea, Drowsiness, Depression of Spirits, etc. It will invigorate like a glass of wine, but is no in toxicating beverage. If You have eaten anything hard of digestion, or feel heavy after meals, or sleep less at night, take a dose and veu will be relieved. Time and Doctors* Bills will be saved ly always keeping the Regulator ' in the House! For, whatever the ailment may be, n thoroughly safe purgative, alterative ami tonic can never be out of place. The remedy is harmless and does not interfere with business or pleasure. IT IS PURELY VEGETABLE. And has all the power and efficacy of Calomel or Quinine, without any of the injurious after effects. A Governor's Testimony. Simmons Liver Regulator has been in use in my family fir some time, anil I am satisfied it is a valuable addition to the medical science. J. Gim. Shorter, Governor of Ala. Hon. Alexander 11. Stephens, of Ga., says: Have derived some benefit from the use of Simmons Liver Regulator, and wish to give it a further trial. “The only Thing that never fails to Believe."—l have used many remedies for Dys pepsia, Liver Affection and Debility, but never nave found anything to benefit me to the extent Simmons Liver Regulator has. I sent from Min nesota to Georgia for it. and would -uid further for such a medicine, and would advise ail who are sim ilarly affected to give it a trial as it seems the only thing that never fails to relieve. I*. M. Jan.nfy, Minneapolis, Minn. Dr. T. W. Mason says: From actual ex perience in the use of Simmons Liver Regulator in my practice 1 have been and am satisfied to use • and prescribe it as a purgative medicine. only the (Icmiiii!-, which always h.v; on the Wrapper the red Z Tr-.ule-Maik and Signature of ,J. 11. ZSII.LV u CO. FOR HALF. BY ALL DRUGGISTS. TUTT’S A DISO&bS^D^LIVER* 3 IS THE SANE of the present generation. It is for the tjure of this disease and its attendants”. SICK-HEAD ACHE, EILIOTJ3NESS, DYS PEPSI A, CONSTIPATION, PILES,” etc., that TTJTT’S PILLS have gained a world-wide reputation. No Remedy has ever been discovered thp.t acts bo gently on the digestive organs, giving them vigor to eimilate food. Asa natural result, _the Iftorvous System is Braced, the Muaclea are Developed, and the Body Robust. 0b.i7.1s and. 3F"ovor, E. RIVAL, a Planter at Bayou Sara, La., saya > My plantation is in a malarial district. For several years I could not taalce half a crop on account of bilious diseases and chills. I was nearly discouraged when I began tho use of TUTT’S PILLS. Tho result was marvelous: my laborers soon became hearty and robust, and I have had no further trouble. They relieve the engorged Liver, cleanse the Blood from poisononn bunion, ami euuse the bowels to net naturally, with out which no one ean feel well. Try this remedy fairly, and you will gain a healthy Digestion, Vigorous Body. Pure Blood, .Strong Nerves, and a Sound Liver. Price, 25Cents. Office, 55 Murray St., N. Y. TUTT’S HAIR DYE. Gray Hair or WmsKKP.s changed to a Glossy Black by a single application of this Dye. It imparts a natural color, and acts instantaneously. Sold by Druggists, or sent by express on receipt of One Dollar. Office, 33 Murray Street, New York. (Dr. TVTrs JfAXUAL of Information and Useful Receipts I will be mailed FREE on application KOSHPEITj WITTES* What tlie creat restorative, Ilostettor’s Stomach Bitters, will do, must he gathered from what it has done. It lias effected rad ical cures in thousands of cases of dyspep sia, hi lions disorders, intermittent fever, nervous affectations, general debility, con stipation, sick headache, mental despon dency, and the peculiar complaints and dis abilities to which the feeble are so subject. For sale by all Druggists and Dealers generally. FOUTZ’S HORSE AND CATTLE POWDERS No Robs* will die of Colic. Rots or Lung Fk- Vbb, It Route's Powders are used In time. Fontz's Powders wHI cure and prevent Hog CnoLKHA. route’s Powders will prevent Gapes in Fowls. toutz’s Powders will Increase the quantity of milk and cream twenty per cent., and make the butter Arm and sweet. route's Powders will cure or prevent almost kvery Disease to which Ilorscs aud Cattle are subject. Foutz’h Powders will give Satisfaction. Bold everywhere. DAVID F. FOUTZ, Proprietor. BALTIMORE, MD. INDEPENDENT IN POLITICS, AND DEVOTED TO NEWS, LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND GENERAL PROGRESS. AMERICUS, GEORGIA, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 25, 1883. For Dyspepsia, Costive n ess, l Sick Headache, C hronic Diar rhoea, Jaundice, Impurity of the Blood, Fever and | Ague, Malaria, and all Diseases caused by De- GEORGIA. Facts and Figures Relative to the Empire State of the South. Its Even Temperature, Favorable Location, Soil and Climate. Its Citizens Law-Abiding and Hospi table, Good Schools, Many Advan tages, and Strong Inducements to Those Seeking Homes. Homes and a Hearty Welcome to all Good Citizens. From nibble’s ileal Estate Guide. The entire State of Georgia, lies within the southern portion of the Temperate zone, and, as a conse quence, is exempt, alike, from the lig ors and other discomforts and disad vantages of a cold climate and the de bility and diseases incident to tropical regions. It may he said, with perfect truth, that there is no part of the known world where a greater degree of physical comfort can be secured the year round, or where a greater amount of labor can be performed in the usual vocations within the same period of time, than in Georgia. The geographical situation of Geor gia is worthy of note in another, the commercial view, of the question. The 32d parallel of north latitude passes nearly through the centre of the .State; the great southern trans-continental line of railway, to connect the Atlan tic aud Pacific oceans by a communica tion uninterrupted by snows in win ter, and open the year round, has been located on and near that parallel. Sa vannah, Georgia’s principal seaport, is but 15 degrees north of that line,and is destined to become the eastern ter minus of this great highway of trade. It is 943 miles nearer to San Diego,on the California coast, than New York —the eastern terminus of the northern lines—is to San Francisco;the distance between the two latter cities being 8,- 450 miles, while the distance between the two former is only 2,512 miles. This road will he completed in a very few years, and its beneficial effects up on the trade and general prosperity of Georgia are too obvious to require comment. The facts stated show that this southern line is destined to become the favorite highway of the Pacific trade, including that of China and Ja pan, with the ports of Georgia and its ohiet entrepots of the East. Georgia is ample in her domain. The State has an average length (north and south) of about 300 miles, and is, with the exception of Florida, the largest of the American States east of the Mississippi river. The superfi cial area is 58,000 square miles, or, by land measurement, 37,120,000 acres. Nearly the whole of this vast surface is susceptible of profitable tillage; those portions that are too mountain ous, and the irreclaimable swamps, in cluding tho salt marshes along the coast being estimated at only about one per cent. There is no sterile land inGeor gia, and it may be safely said that no portion of the globe of equal extent is capable of producing more to satisfv the wants of man. We have seen that the State has an area of 58,000 square miles Her pop ulation, according to the census taken in 1870, was, in round numbers, 1,184,000, or a fraction over 20 to the square mile. Allowing her producing capacity to be only equal to that of other nations, we may form some idea of the additional population she is ca pable of sustaining, by a comparison of tho above figures with those of oth er countries. As we only' wish to il lustrate, we shall name but a few that are well known to the civilized world: England, with an area of 50,300 square miles, or less than that of Geor gia by nearly 8,000, supports a popu lation of 21,290,000, or over nineteen times greater than that of Georgia Ireland, with an area of 82,580 square miles, being a little over half the size of Georgia, sustains a popula tion of 5,412,000, or nearly five times gieater than that of Georgia. Norway and Sweden, with an area of 293,000 square miles, or about five times that of Georgia, have about the same population to the square mile, with, perhaps, not one tenth the same productive capacity. Fiance, with an area of 204,000 square miles, or less than four times as great as that of Georgia, supports a population of 36,103,000, or over thirty times as great as that of Georgia. Holland, with an area of 12,700 square miles, or a little more than one fifth that of Georgia, supports a popu lation of 3,810,000, or over three times that of Georgia. Belgium, with an area of 11,370 square miles, or less than one-fifth that of Georgia, supports a population of 5,337,000, or nearly five times that of Georgia. Switzerland, with an area of 15,990 square miles, mostly mountainous, or about three and a half times less than that of Georgia, has a population of 2,650,000, or over double that of Geor gia. Prussia, with ail area of 136,100 square miles, or about two and a third times greater than that of Georgia, sus tains a population of 25,773,000, or about twenty-five times that of Georgia. These comparisons—in some instan ces with countries whose climates and topographical conditions are unfavor able to productions, as for instance, Switzerland, and Norway and Sweden —will serve to show the vast reserved capabilities of Georgia, and what im mense additions might be made to her present population without crowding to an extent where subsistence would be insufficient, or even difficult. Lower Georgia, is, for the most part, a level country, the natural growth, especially of the uplands, is pine. It is said to be the finest timber country on the continent. The yellow, or long leaf pine still abounds, and the rivers and railroads furnish convenient and cheap modes of transporting it to mar ket. The lands are valuable for agri cultural purposes, and susceptible, por ps, of a greater variety of productions than any other division of the State. Much of this pine land is hilly, and the residents in such localities—which almost invariably border the flat lands —have good water and enjoy good health throughout the year. In nothing regarding us, is a greater mistake made abroad, and indeed, in some parts of our own country, than in the climate, or atmospheric conditions, of Georgia. The State being in the southern portion of the Union, lying between parallels of latitude 30 degrees, 29 minutes, 27 seconds, (average) and 35 degrees, the stranger naturally con cludes that our climate is mild and de lightful in winter: and in this he is cor rect. We have but little snow—in more than half tho State none at all foi years together—we import or manufac ture all our ice, anil field work may he kept up at all periods of the year. The difficulty with strangers is in determin ing the character of our climate during the summer months. Tho winters be ing pleasant and genial, they conclude, without further investigation, that the summer s must necessarily he hot and sultry. This is a serious mistake, as all will testify who have any practical knowledge of tho subject. No finer summer climate is to be found on the continent, east of the Mississippi river, than that of many parts of Georgia, and, as a whole, it will compare favor ably in this respect with that of the States of the north and northwest. The mean annual temperature south of a line drawn across the State from Au gusta to Columbus, is between 64 de grees and 68 degrees. We have the winter climate of Rome, and tho sum mer climate of Jerusalem. in explanation of these facts, certain features in the geographical situation and physical conformation of the State must be taken into consideration. In Lower Georgia, the mercury sometimes rising as high as 96 degrees, rarely above that figure. It lies, however, between the Atlantic < toean and the Gulf of Mexico, in close proximity to both, and the temperature is greatly modified by the strong currents of sea air whic continually pass from one of these great bodies of water to the oilier. In no part of Southern Georgia does the mercury often rise above 90 degrees, whilst in winter it seldom descends to the freezing point. Sun-strokes, so common in the Northern and North western States, are almost wholly un known in Georgia. At New York, in mid summer the days are nearly an hour longer than they are at Savannah, and at Quebec, in Canada, nearly one hour and a half longer, and the nights correspondingly shorter; the consequence is, at New York there is one hour longer for the heat to accumulate from the direct rays of the sun, and one hour less time in tho night for the heat thus accumulated to be carried off by radiation. This is said to be tho cause why northern lati tudes are hotter in summer than south ern latitudes. Finally, we have no hesitation in saying that, take it the year round, the climate of Georgia is equal to any to be found on the globe, whether we regard personal comfort in in-door and in ont-door work, or tho production of crops for the support of man and beast, both in the summer and winter months. The distribution of rainfall—a most important consideration—is such as to secure a fair general average of crops. The arc no periodical wet and dry sea sons. Irrigation on a large scale is wholly unknown in Georgia, except on the rico plantations, where occasionally flows of water facilitate successful cul tivation. Crops are sometimes cut short is some localities from the want of a proper amount ofmoistnre; hut we have never known a total failure of the crops from drought, or from any other cause, in Georgia. SOILS AND PRODUCTIONS. Tho soils of Georgia are among the very best of the older States; in virgin fertility sho surpassed them all, as is evidenced by her rapid settlement from other States upon her extinguishment of the Indian title to the lands. Inju dicious cultivation, in the haste to get rich, has done much, in past years, to impair and waste their strength; but wiser views are now obtaining, and with systems of culture greatly im proved, production is steadily increas ing without material addition to the population. Tho soils of Georgia are as various as the elements of rocks and vegetable and animal remains that compose them. Southern, or Lower Georgia, consists chiefly of pine land, with occasional belts of oak and hickcyy, and where these cccur the soil has a considerable mixture of reddish or light-brown clay, and is very productive. The lands generally are light and easy of cultiva tion, and while some portions, especial ly those on the water courses of the southwest and the red lands above re ferred to, are very rich, nearly the whole is tillable, and with occasional light manuring, continue to produce good crops from year to year. Asa general rule, the lands are the cheapest in the State. The leading field products are cotton, sugar cane, corn, rice, oats, po tatoes and fieldjpeas. The country be ing open, and the pasturage good throughout the year, large numbers of beef, cattle and sheep are raised annu ally for market, at a cost purely nomi nal, as they require neither to be fed nor sheltered. Wool forms quite an item in the list of its exports; near 75,- 000 pounds were cleared at the custom house at Brunswick alone during the past year. Cotton is produced generally through out the section. Considerable rice is also grown, chiefly for home consump tion. on inland swamps and low lands in Middle as well as Lower Georgia, though the rice that enters into com merce comes chiefly from the country along the coast. Sugar cane is also an important crop of Southern Georgia, and could he made among the most profitable. It grows luxuriantly, and yields profitable returns in sugar and syrup. Yet, but little sugar is made for mar ket,the planters usually confining them selves to a sufficiency for home demand, and relying chiefly upon the syrup as a marketable crop. To show the capac ity of the soil under high culture, we mention one instance among the many of equal production that are well vouch ed for. In 1874, Mr. John J. Parker, of Thomas county, produced, on one acre, 694] gallons of cane syrup, worth seventy-five cents per gallon, or #520.- 87. The total cost of production was #77.50, leaving a net profit of #443.37. Vegetables of every description do well in this part of the State. Most of the varieties maturing here in early spring, before the seeds are planted in the Northern States of the U nion, they command a good price in consequence, and producers realize handsomely from their business. < >f the fruits of this section, melons, strawberries, grapes, peaches, plums, quinces, are those chiefly cultivated lor market. The fig and grape grow to great perfection, and apples and cherries i succeed well where attention has been given to their cultivation. Some va rities of the pear also thrive well in this section of the State. The Scup pernong grape grows in its greatest per i lection: the crops are very heavy and the fruit sweeter than that grown in more northern latitudes. Lower Georgia is said to resemble, in soil and climate, those portions of Prussia that lie in the vicinity of the capital. The soil is, however, in its natural state, far more productive, and consequently requires less labor and expense to be kept in good planting con dition. Although generally sandy, it has a good clay foundation, or subsoil, from six to twelve inches below the surface, which enables it to retain fer tilizers and hold them as plant food. TIMBER. In the Southern division, the long leaf or yellow pine, the great tree of commerce, abounds. For building and ship timber, this wood stands without a rival in the markets of the world, and the supply would seem to be inexhaus tible. The section under consideration embraces about 30,000 square miles, 24,000 of which our State Geologist, who has special charge of that interest, estimates is uncleared, and will pro duce, on an average, 30,000 feet of first class heart timber per acre. Nor does its uses stop here. From the pine is extracted the turpentine, rosin, tar and pitch of commerce, and vast fields of it are devoted to that purpose. The curl ed pine of the coast country, in beauty and susceptibility of polish, is without a rival among the woods of any part of the world. For panel-work, and furni ture of all kinds, it is admirably adapt ed. Specimens of this cabinet variety of the pine have been sent to the Paris Exposition of 1878, and visitors curi ous in such matters are invited to in spect it. The live-oak, remarkable for its weight and toughness, and so largely used in the construction of those parts of ships that are subject to the greatest strain, is found in large quantities along the whole line of the Georgia coast, and on the sea-islands. In the same localities, we have the bay and the cedar, also useful for manufac turing purposes. In the river bottoms and swamps of the entire lower half of State, the cypress grows to an immense size, and without limit as to quantity. This is also a most durable wood, though soft in texture, and easily work ed. For shingles, weather-boarding, wood-ware, ship sides fence posts, in deed for most purposes where exposure to the weather is necessary, there are few woods that will answer a better purpose or last longer. Our river bot toms all over the State are well sup plied with white-oak, which, for car riage and wagon timber, and for barrel staves, is considered superior to all other woods. Ash, also used largely in carriage factories, abounds in the same localities. These are but a few of the many woods of the State which might be mentioned as both useful or ornamental. Of the supply, it need only be said that full 60 per cent, at least, of the original forest growth, or 22,200,000 ont of the 37,000,000 acres, is still standing. MANUFACTURES. A purely agricultural country, with slave labor as its maiu dependence—as Georgia was nntil a very recent date— is unfavorable to progress in manufac tures and the mechanic arts. The cul tivation of the soil yields such hand some returns, that the surplus capital of the planter has no motive for seeking other investments. It is, therefore, converted into new lands, which are abundant and cheap, and more negroes to work them; and under the system no people ever attained to independence and wealth more rapidly. Habit, too, is a hard master, and when combined with interest, an absolute one. Such was our condition as a people previous to the late civil war. That resulted in the freedom of the negro race, and in an entire change in our system of labor, as well as the destruc tion of our wealth and the desolation of our homes. With the great body of; our people, from a variety of causes j not necessary to be enumerated in this j place, agriculture has not proved profit-j able under the new system of free black ‘ labor. Capital and industry are, there fore, looking to other channels of em ployment, especially since the produc tion ot cotton has attained to, if it has not exceeded, the full measure of the world’s demand. Northern capital,! too, which accumlated immensely dur-j ing |the war while ours suffered and disappeared, has, of late years, sought, new fields; in the business of manufac turing, especially of our great staple, cotton, and at the very place of its pro duction. From small beginnings these enter prises have developed into considerable magnitude of late years, and with a pecuniary success that pointß to them as the agents of anew and most pros perous era in the history of our State.; Georgia has great advantages, in this respect, over the New England, States, which have heretofore manu factured most of the American cotton and wool fabrics. We have the cotton at hand, andean buy all we need at l the mill, without the cost of transpor-' tation and the profits of middle-men. Wages are lower here than in New I England. The cost of water or steam power is less, and also building mate- ‘ rials of every kind. The expense of living is less. The climate is more fa- f vorable for the business, and our ma chinery is never obstructed by ice. In addition to these important advantages, the consumers of our manufactured pro ducts are at our very doors. For these reasons, the manufacture of cotton, wool, iron and wood are obliged to constitute important interests in our State, at no j distant day. We have already made greater prog resa in manntactuung than any other Southern State. Although all industries are laboring under depression, to a greater or less extent, at the present time, in any of those named a skillful workman will seldom fail to procure employment, with remunerative wages. TRANSPORTATION. There are few things of greater in terest to the citizens than the facilities for traveling, and getting the products of his industry to market. No man is willing to live in a country where he can leave home only at a great incon venience and expense, or where he is compelled to consume a great part of the value of his produce in finding a purchaser. In this particular, Georgia is pecu liarly favored. Her natural and her artificial channels of commerce are rare ly surpassed in any country. RAILROADS. The State of Georgia is literally cov ered over with a net-work of railroads. There are but a few portions of it where a loaded wagon cannot reach the cars, discharge, and return home the same day, while to a very large proportion of our people the convenience ot a railroad is carried to their very doors. POPULATION. The population of Georgia, as stated in the census of 1870, numbers 1,184,- m Of the character of the people, it may be said that they are intelligent, industrious, energetic, home-loving, and hospitable. Strangers never fail to re ceive a hearty welcome in Georgia, nor to make friends, where their conduct is such as to commend them to others. No part of our population appears to feel more at home, and to pursue their various callings with a stronger confi dence of success, than the natives of foreign lands who have crossed the great water and cast their lots in this favored land. Their examples of in dustry, economy, cheerfulness, and res pect for law, have made them useful members of society, and large contribut ors to the energy and wealth of State. Georgia always receives such accessions to her population with open arms, and readily adopts them as parts of her great republican family. In answer to one of a series of questions to intelligent citizens in every county in State, the almost unanimous response was, that the people desire immigration, and are prepared to extend a hearty welcome to all honest and industrious settlers from other countries. Georgians are, emphatically, a read ing and thinking people, especially in matters involving their own political government. In no State in the Union do the people take a more lively inter est in public affairs. "Few States have contributed more great men to the na tional councils, and from the date of Independence till uow, her soldiers have alwaye rauked among the first on the field of battle. Our people are al waye equal to the occasion when it calls for brave or virtuous dreds. for acts of duty, or of kindness or for personal sacrifice for the public good. No people ever turned their baoks upon the deso lations of war, and began the battle of i OUR DOLLARS PER ANNUM. NO. 61. life anew with stronger arms and stouter hearts than they; and in no other South ern State has such progress been made in the work of recuperation. The negro population is receiving, equally with the whites, the benefits of the public school fund, are rapidly im proving in intelligence, and becoming more efficient as field laborers under wise and just management and close supervision by employers. HEALTH. The idea obtains, among those who have not taken the trouble to inform themselves on the subject, that Geor? gia. because she is a Southern State, has an unwholesome atmosphere, makiug health insecure within her borders. There could be no greater er ror, as a comparison of vital statistics will abundantly show. The health ot Georgia will average quite as well as that of any Mate in the Union. Our citizens of Northen nativity will sustain us in this declaration. Immediately along the lines of rivers and swamps, it is conceded that the atmosphere is impure, during the summer aud fall months. But, owing to the favorable lace of the country in this section of the State, being plentifully supplied with hills and highlands, even ihobe who cultivate the swauips and river bottoms, can fix their residences in the vicinity where they will not be exposed to their malarial influences. And these influences are being rapidly annihilated year after year, by draining and reduc ing to dry culture the swamps, which, when thus reclaimed, become both harmless and among the most produc tive lands in the State. There are large districts that were considered next to uninhabitable thirty year ago from this cause, but which are now tilled with a thriving population, who find no diffi culty in residing in them the year round. The pine lands of Southern Georgia are annually visited in winter by large numbers from the Northern States suff ering from pulmonary affections, iheu matism, etc. Consumption is a dis ease almost unknown in Georgia, ex cept when imported from other States. For the information of those who ob ject to Georgia on the score of latitude aud its supposed unhealthiness, we would institute a single, but most strik ing, comparison: The State of Michi gan, in the extreme northern portion of the Union, and bordering on Canada, with an atmosphere purified by perpet ual breezesfrom the surrounding lakes, is esteemed to be one of the healthiest States in the Union. Her population and that of Georgia, according to the last census, approximate so nearly that there is a difference of but just,/?/?// souls, and the vital statistics of the two States, respectively, show that their death rates are about the same. It is difficult to answer such facts and figures as these, and ignorance and prej udice must give way to truth founded on actual experience. PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEM. The Common Schools of Georgia form, by far the most interesting fea ture of her educational system. Re cognizing the great moral and political truth that intelligence and virtue form the basis of all good government, the people of Georgia have inserted in their Constitution, or fundamental law, a provision declaring that “there shall be a thorough system of common schools for the education of children,” which “shall be free to all the children of the State,” the expenses of which “shall be provided for by taxation, or otherwise.” In accordance with this constitutional provision, the necessary laws have been passed, and the system referred to is now in successful and beneficient oper ation, the whites and the blacks being educated in separate schools. The State appropriates annually, fur the support of these free schools, about #300,000, and this sum is supplimentedeach year by local city and county appropriations to the amount of between $140,000 and $150,000. The number of pupils in actual attendance on these schools in the year (1877), was in round numbers, 191,000, ot whom 127,000 were whites and 64,000 blacks. The progressive interest in, and usefulness of, the sys tem are illustrated by the statistics of attendance from year to year. In 1871, when it was put in operation, the number of children taught was but 46,578 —42.914 whites and 0,664 blacks. In 1874 the num ber had increased to 145,541, in 1876, to 179,405; and in 1877, to upwards of 191,000 The Common School organization extends to every county in the State, and includes every district or subdivis ion of the counties where tho popula tion is sufficiently numerous to admit of a school; so that there is scarcely a child in Georgia who is not within reach of a Bchool where a good educa tion can be obtained free of expense. In fine, it may be said with truth that, as respects educational facilities and their adaptation to the public wants, the State of Georgia is in advance of all her sister Southern States; while, in this respect, she is progressing year after year, and will soon stand side by side with the older and more favored commonwealths of the North. BENEVOLENT SOCIETIES. Associations for mutual aid in times of sickness and distress are numerous in Georgia, and to be found in nearly all the counties of the State. The piin cipal organizations are secret, and as folowe: The Free and Accepted Masons, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias, Knights of Honor, Sons of Malta and Independent Order of Good Templar*.