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THE ATHENS GEORGIAN: NOVEMBER 20, 1877.
Vegetation in High
tudes.
Lati-
Ttie effects of climate upon vegeta
tion in Norway have lately been made
a subject ot study by M. Tisserand,
the French Minister of Agriculture.
Some facts set forth in a report which
Contains his personal observations will
be faund of interest to the farmers of
our Northern States.
Toappreciatethe phenomenal modes
of growth exhibited by Norwegain
cereals we must bear in mind that
even the capital, Christiania, which is
not far from the southern extremity
of Norway, is on the sixtieth parallel
of latitude, or, in other words, no
further from the pole than the most
southern point of Greenland. Never
...uvm it is icund possible to raise
wheat a3 high as the sixty-fourth de
gree ; that is to say, in the latitude of
Hudson’s Strait, while oats are grown
as far north ns the sixty-ninth degree,
and barley within the Arctic circle.
Th ese broad facts are well known, and
commonly explained by the influence
of the Gulf Stream, but it is to more
specific features of Scandinavian vege
tation that we would direct attention.
The most strking point is the singu
lar precocity of the native grains and
the short period required for perfect
ripening. Wheat, for instance, sown
in t,be last week of May is reaped
toward the end of August. The; na-
tive grain, indeed, has been know n to
mature in 74 days, but about 105 are
demanded by the varieties imported
from southern countries. The gain in
the litter case is still considerable,
since it is pointed out by M. Tisserand
that in Alsace, where the mean tem
perature is sensibly higher, v.heat
needs 131 days for ripening, in the
environs of Paris about about 139, and
in Algiers 142. For barley the liver-
ago duration of growth at Christiania
is GO days, hut seed brought from
Alien, on the seventieth parallel of
north latitude, and sown in Christiania,
ha i come to maturity in less than
eight weeks. Like results attended an
experiment made at Vincennes, where
ordinary barley exacts 109 days for
ripening^ Sonic grain imported frhrn
Alteu was sown there on the 7th of
April and harvested on the IStli of
June, showing a gain of 37 days on
tho French cereal.
Like results have attended experi
ments carried out at the botanical
garden of Christiania in the case of
co - n, oats, beans, peas, and meadow
grass. In all these instances it was
demonstrated that seed brought from
the far north furnished varieties of
remarkable precocity, which only lost
their advance after several generations,
when they gradually became acclima
tized. The fact, moreover, is recog
nised in the current practice of Nor
wegain farmers. To gain some days
on the usual date of harvesting is ob
viously a matter of no small moment
in a country where frosts arrive with
September, and often hinder grain
from ripening. Accordingly we find
that the cereals of high latitudes, and
especially Alien barley, are in great
request throughout the Scandinavian
peuinsula for seed grain. With it
crops can be got in twenty or thirty
days earlier during the first year;
subsequently the difference is less, and
a tier three or four years the seed must
be renewed. In southern Greenland,
likewise, Alten barley is used, no seed
grain being imported from countries
situated below the sixty-eighth par
allel. The farmers of Iceland,
too, sow barley brought from Alten or
from the shores of the White sea.
Tans it appears that the most north
ern provinces of Norway are the great
purveyors of seed grain to other cold
countries lying in high latitudes, and
this is especially true of the Scandina
vian kingdom, where a bad crop in
the north is accounted a national ca
lamity.
The rapid development of plants is
uot the only symptom of special influ
ences and conditions belonging to an
arctic or sub-arctic climate. It up
pers that cereals imported from the
southern countries of Europe and
sown in Norway gain both in size and
weight, whereas Norwegain grain
transferred to French or German soil
leses in volume and density. In the
cose of barley brought from .Christi
ania and planted at Breslau, the aver
age weight of the grain fell twenty-five
per cent. M. Tisseraod found that it
was hydeates of carbon which were
most conspicuously augmented in the
tissues of Norwegain vegetables. It is
therefore a reduction of carbonic acid
through the leaves of plants which
seems to be particularly accelerated
in high latitudes, and, since this pro
cess is carried out under the influence
of light, it appears reasonable to at
tribute the extraordinary activity of
vegetation in Norway to the persis
tence of the solar radiation through
the long days of summer. It is esti
mated, indeed, that the sum of heat
received at Alten on a given day,
when the sun remains twenty hours
above the horizon, is greater than that
tod over northern Germany
within the same term at the same
epoch, notwithstanding tie greater
elevation of the sun in the latter lati-
, tude
Other observations confirm this
conclusion. The augmented action
of light during a brief period is manr
fested in the more intense coloring of
the vegetation. In proportion as you
ascend the coast in Norway you find
the grain of a deeper hue. The white,
semi-transparent kernels of southern
wheat grow opaque and brown; the
white varieties of beans become yel
low, brown, or green, A like ten
dency to emphasis is remarked in the
green tissues of trees, shrubs, and
vegetables. The tiuta of flowers,
likewise, are more 'pronounced; some
species, which are white or a
buff iu our temperate climates,
change to scarlet or gclu in Norway
Finally, we may note that the aro
matic principles of plants* aro also
signally intensified in high latitudes.
Celery and the onion, for instance,
acquire a savor so much keener that,
according to M. Tisserand, French
cooks coining to Stockholm or Chris
tiania arc forced to make a radical
change in their employment of those
vegetables. The most fragrant cu
min seed in the world is produced in
i tin 1 akvc named district of Alten on
the edge of the Artie circle, and the
lavt-mlvT ami mint of Droiitheim are
far richer in essential oils than are the
same plants grown in English soil.
Wc may add that Norwegian tobacco
is exeeptionably strong.
From Washington.
APPROPRIATION.
Washington, November 10.—The
House to-day finished the considera
tion of the army bill in committee of
the whole, wheu another amendment
was adopted limiting the force of the
army to its present number, but di
recting four cavalry regiments (with
one hundred men to each company)
to be stationed in Texas. This was
found, after the bill was reported to
the House, to conflict with a previous
amendment, and as there was not
time to straighten out the crooked
ness, no final action was taken on the
bill. The discussion in committee
developed the fact that within the
last few weeks the army liad been
recruited to the number of 565 men.
This action of the Secretary of War
was characterized by the chairman
and other members of the appropria
tion committee as being without, law
and deserving of impeachment.
Foster, of Ohio, remarked that re
cruiting might well be done without
money, as the a;rmy itself had been
run without money, to which Black
burn, of Kentucky, replied that for
that action explanation would soon be
demanded.
An amendment was offered by
Hooker, of Mississippi, providing that
no money should be expended in
sending any part of the army into
any State for the purpose af suppress
ing insurrection or protecting the
peace, unless on application of the
Legislature or Governor of such
State.
Garfield, of Ohio, attacked this
amendment as tone intended to
shackle the President, and which, if
it had been on the statute book in
1860, would have tied the hands of
the Executive and destroyed the
Government. He did not mean to
imply that there was any such object
in view now, but the proposition at
at this time was calculated to alarm
the couutry.
Hooker disclaimed having any
otherintentionjthan tliatof preventing
the army being used for political pur
poses, and reminded Garfield that
the substance of the provision was
enacted iu 1787 and appeared In the
revised statutes of 1872.
Mr. Speaker Randall took the
floor in response to one tifGarfield’s
remarks obont the army being lett to
starve, and tlnow back the responsi
bility upon the President, whose
province it was to hare called an
extra session of Coiigrest immediate
ly on his inauguration. I
Goode, of Virginia, m&do a strong
speech against Hooker’s amendment
in which lie expressed lie trust and
confidence which the people of the
South, and particularly pf Virginia,
had in President Hayes. ;
Washington, November 12.—The
House passed the armyjjill to-day
without a division. Thejamendment
allowing four cavalry regiments to
be recruited to 100 nien for each
company and to be stationed in Tex
as was agreed to. An ['amendment
limiting staff officers to the rank and
pay of their regular army grades
was rejected. In the course of the
discussion Hewitt, of,New York,
charged the Secretary of War, Gen
eral Sherman and the Adjutant-Gen
eral with want of frankness ami con
cealment of facts regarding the en
listment. Members on the Republi-
side replied to the changes and de
funded the high rcputatioji of those
officers. Afterwards a large number
of bills were introduced and referred.
THE SENATE PRIVILEGES AND ELEC
TIONS COMMITTEE.
Washington, November 10.—The
Committee on Privileges' and Elec
tions were all present except Hill, of
Georgia. After a discussion as to
the scope of the investigation, Hoar
expressed a desire to examine tthor-
oughly several propositions sub
mitted by Wadleigh. Without
coming to a conclusion the commit
tee adjournment until Monday. At
the meeting of the committee to be
held then, the following resolution
will-lie submitted by CsHrafnr Hoar,
of Massachusetts:
Resolved, That after hearing such
evidence as the committee shall
deem competent, the committee will
report to the Senate its conclusions
upon the following questions:
First—Were the persons holding
certificates from the Returning Board
alone entitled to vote in the election
of Senator at the time Kellogg claims
to have been elected ?
Second—Can any subsequent events
affect the legality of an election held
on the 10th of January, 1877 ?
Third—Did the Returning Board
act fraudulently in determining the
the question to whom they should
issue certificates ?
Fourth—Whether the persons who
voted in the election of Kellogg were
such persons as would in fact have
been entitled to have seals by the
respective Houses on a fair and just
trial and decision of each ease on its
merits.
BEAT THE YANKEES.
THE FOREIGN WAR.
—A thirty-pound package of dyna
mite was recently discovered in the
Detroit office of the American Ex
press Company. It had been shoved
down skids from the wagon to the
cellar without any suspicion of its
true character and with every risk of
an explosion. The package is ad
dressed to “John Burke, Detroit,
Michigan,” who is respectfully invited
to prove property, pay charges ($3 50)
and be lynched by a justly indignant
populace.
—An interesting land claim is just
now stirring up land-owners in Mason
Bourbon, Fayette and Campbell
counties, Kentucky. The heirs *f
Thomas and Robert Young, who
owned the lands in all that part of the
State in 1773, think they can estab
lish a rightful claim, and have com
menced suits for that purpose.
Among the titles involved are those
of the land on which the towns of
Lexington, Maysville, Paris and Lew
isburg are situated.
rwo SPECIMENS FURNISHED BY NORTH CARO-
LINA—T1IE PATENT GAME.
The New England yankceis noted
for his smartness in advertising bis
wares. No agency under the sun
escapes him; he never neglects an
opportunity. His presence is pro
verbial. The last number of Harper's
Weekly contains an illustration of a
lightning rod man swimming out
with a sample rod in his hand to an
old man who was bathing in the mid
dle of the stream. The persistent
drummer, however, is npt confined
now to the land of wooden nutmegs.
He may be found at this very day on
our own native heath, lie is among
us. There is one in the western part
of the State—the “ patent beehive
and Italian queen bee” man. He
turned up the other day at a camp
meeting, not a thousand miles from
the beautiful capital of Western
Novtli Carolina, and in this wise:
It was at a meeting at night. A
reverend brother had preaelicd a
rousing sermon. Tiie wails of the
mourners and the shouts of glory from
the converted were filling the am
bient air, rising like incense skyward.
Suddenly an elderly gentleman,
moved by the spirit of the occasion,
sprang up in the midst of the congre
gation, and shouted: “ Glory ! glo
ry ! brethren, I am on my way to
Heaven. Won’tyou meet me in the
happy land?” Then he sat down.
Imim dintelv another man, with long
hair and a solemn visage, rose and
hastened with -ager slops down the
passway and ascended the rude plat
form. All eyes were turned on him.
He shouted : “ Glory, hallelujah!
Glory! Glory! I’ll meet the brother
in Heaven, and all the sister’ll too.
Bless God! glory, hallelujah!” Then,
elevating his voice so that he might
bo heard by the whole congregation,
he added: “ Brethren, if any of you
git to Heaven before I do, look out
for the old bee man with the patent
hive and tb<* Italian queen bee!”
And he sub-i led. The old bee man
lias bis match in the tobacco-sticks
man, who also is a of a religious turn
of mind, with an eye always open to
business. lie was a member of-
church, in a western county of our
State. This is a “ true bill ’’ He
was an inventive genius. He bad
patented a novel “ tobacco stick,” an
instrument used in the manufacture
of the weed. He was of a convivial
tempeiament. Once he got drunk,
and was solemnly arraigned before
his church and formal charges pre
ferred against him.
At length the day of trial came on.
There was a formidable assemblage
of brothers and sisters to witness the
trial. They came from far and near.
The building was packed. Well, the
minister read the charges of drunk
enness in a subdued, compassionate
tone, and called on his erring brother
for bis plea. “What have you to
say, brother, in extenuation of these
grave charges?” The erring brother
arose with head bowed in humility,
and voiee tremulous with emotion,
and spoke as follows: “ My brethren
and sisters, ’tis with sorrow I confess
the truth, of these charges. I did
get drunk. I am sorry for it. If
London, November 10.—Constan
tinople dispatches deny the report
that .Mukhtar Pasha was wounded in
the fighting near Erzeroum on Mon
day last. They also mention an en
gagement'fit Baiburt, which may ac
count forMukhtar Pasha’s determina
tion to defend Erzeroum, as Baiburt
is on his shortest line of retreat to
Trebizond; or it may be the Russians
unsuccessfully attempted to prevent
reinforcements going to Erzeroum.
The' latter is most probable, as fur
ther Turkish dispatches reiterate ac
counts of Russian defeat in vlie last
attack, whicli would be hardly possi
ble had not reinforcements arrived.
An Alexandranople special corres
pondent telegraphs as follows: “The
Ardahan' column joined
Heimann after the battle of Devc be
gan. The Turks lost there 2,500
killed and wounded and prisoners,
and a great part of their artillery”
THE MONTENEGRINS BOMBARD TOD-
Ahead of All
Cr. 0. ROBINSON
H as just returned from a visit
among the Principal PIANO and ORGAN
factories in New York, Boston and other citics-
having arranged for the longest and most com,
plcte assortment ever offered South, at prices
ABSOLUTELY
BEYOND COMPETITION!
—William Lloyd Garrison appears
to have been revictualed lately, and
is looking round for something to
emancipate or scalp.
gof.itza.
Ragusa, November 10.—The Mon
tenegrins have commenced the bom
bardment of Podgoritza. The place
is expected to hold out, as tho princi
pal defenses have lately been recon
structed.
A TAI.E OF HORROR—TURKS ATTACK
ING DEAD MEN.
Washington, November 1L—A
private letter just received in this
city from a gentleman serving with
the Russian army around Plevna,
says on the evening of the 20th of
September the Roumanians sent for
ward a white flag, bearing the Red
Cross of Geneva, desiring a truce to
bury the dead. They were fired upon,
and two. officers and some men were
killed.
The dead lie in large masses on the
steep hillside just north of Reboubt
No. 2. and can be plainly seen from
the opposite heights. A few days
since the dead bodies became so
swollen in the process of decomposi
tion that they began to roll down the
hill. The Turks fired a fusilado' at
these for fifteen minutes, thinking
they were wounded, which had par
tially recovered, and » ere trying to
esenpe. This treatment of the dead
I believe to be unexampled in mod
ern warfare. I hear that the troops
ef Mehemet Ali ask for truces to bar/
the dead, but at the two battles of
which I can speak from personal
knowledge, there lias been no truce
for this purpose, although it has been
demanded by the. Russians, and the
demand met by bullets. Six days
after the battle ot the 11th Septem
ber, I passed along the advanced
pickets in front of Radizvoind, where
I saw plainly with the naked eye the
corpses of the men who had fallen in
Kirlops assault, not only unburied,
but hoveled away from the vicinity of
the redoubt and dumped in a mass
three or four feet deep in the sunken
road.
The stencil of decomposition was
noticeable at the distance of a mile
and a half. I have every reason to
believe they are still there. At
Shipka the odor of the unburied dead
became so offensive two weeks after
the first fighting that the Russian
low P Qo,c,
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OF EVERY VARIETY.
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I
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Musical Merchandise,
Ai.d everything pertaining to a
First Class Music House.
TUNING AND REPAIRING, PIANOS,
Church, Pipe and Reed Organ*, and all kinds of
Musical Instruments Tuned and Repaired by
Mr. C. H. Taylor, the best skilled and one of
the most thorough workmen South. Mr. Tuy lor
devoted nearly fifteen years in the construction
of instruments in seme of the best factories in
this country, and is the ouly authorized Tuner
for the AUGUSTA MUSIC HOUSE.
G. O. ROBINSON & CO.,
265 Broad Street, Augusta, Ga.
C. W. LONG.
LONG.
6. i. long 4
Ds.trcici
prayer and penitence can wipe away -W ” J'SS Tl
the sin, I am forgiven from above.
I hope you will do so too.” The
congregation was deeply moved. His
opportunity had come. He raised
up, stood erect, as if a bright idea
had suddenly occurred to him, and
continued: “ Brethren, it is seldom
I have the opportunity of seeing to
gether so large and intelligent an
audience, and I shall take advantage
of the occasion to say that my
patented tobacco-stick, recently in
vented by me, is of so superior a
model that everybody is using them,
and I would be glad to exhibit a
to see it in operation.”
Now, who’ll say that the New
England lightning rod man has a
keener eye to business than the tar
heel bee man and the man of the
tobacco-slicks?—Relight News.
—Ohio has 381,000 acres of apple
orchards, and raised this year 15,000
000 bushels of apples.
grand scale.
On the other hand, after the Turk
ish attack at Sqnaleveiza on the 31st
of August, I rode over the whole
field the second day, and tho last of
the dead Turks, of whom nearly one
thousand were left on the field, were
then being buried. The Russians
were buried apart, and the immense
graves being marked by a cross.
The Turkish graves had no mark,
blit otherwise there was no difference
in their burial.
Until recently human as well as
animal bones were used in French
sugar refiuerins; in fact the former
sample one to any brother who wishes wcre as late| y as 1858 6ent from
Algeria, to France.
The Coming Struggle is the namo
of. a new publication devoted to the
interests of the working class as op
posed to capital.
Horace Greeley’s younger daugh
ter is said to be glowing more and
more beautiful every year.
ATHENS, GEO
We offer a large and well selected si
Drugs, Medicines,
Paints, Varnishes,
Oils, Anilines, Dyes,
Patent Medicines,
Hair and Tooth Brushes,
Perfumery, Lily white.
Rouges, Colognes,
Extracts, etc.,
For Sal© Very Cheap
FOR CASH,
Either at Wholesale or Retail.
We call your atttention to our
COLOGNES, BAY RUM, HAIR OIL, ETC
sepll-ly
Medical College of Georgia
The Medical DepartmeKt of the University
Of Georgia.
Tho Forty-sixth Session of this Institution
will commence at Augusta on the FIRST MON
DAY IN NOVEMBER. Apply for Circular to
DESAUSSURE FORD. Dean.
For Catalogues of Academic Department,
apply to Wh. Henry Waddell, Secretary of
Faculty, Atheus, Ga. oct2-lm.
To the Tax Payers of Clarke Co,
My hooks are now open for the collection of
State and County Tax tor the year 1877. Office
No. 1, Broad Street, over Mathews & Jacksons’
Store. F. B. LUCAS,
oct23.6t Tax Collector Clarke Co.
WOOL CARDING,,
The undersigned, having newly fitt< d up his
Carder, near Harmony Grove, is now prepared
to card Wool in a very superior manner. He
will famish oil, etc., and card at 10 cents per
pound. Wool left anywhere at Harmony
Grove will be taken to the carder and returned
free of charge. Country produce taken in pay
ment for carding. R. C. WILHITE,
octlfi-lm.
MEDICAL NOTICE.
At the solicitation of many -f my former pat
rons, I resume the
3Practi.ee of Medicine
from this date. I will pay especial attention to
tho disease of Infants and Children, and the
Chronic Diseases of Females.
WM. KING. M. D.
’uue 18. 1375—83-ly
Notice to Tax Payers!
I will be found at the following places, upon *
dates given: M
ATHENS, until November 9th.
BRADBURY SHOP November 10th..
SAYE’S MILL November I2th.
YV1NTERV1LLE November 14th.
GEORGIA FACTORY...November 15th.
F. B. LUCAS,
Tax Ccl ettor Clarke County