Newspaper Page Text
VOL. XXIII. NO. 23.
The Cartersville Express,
IlKtablftNlied Twenty Years.
RATES AND TERMS.
SUBSORIWION.
One copy one year $1 50
one copy six monthH 75
One copy three month* 60
Payments invariably in Advance.
ADVERTISING RATES.
Advertisements will be inserted at the rates
of One Dollar par inch lor the first insertion,
and Fifty Cents lor each additional insertion.
Address, S. A. CUNNINGHAM.
NKWS AND NOTKS.
Ripe peaches are being gathered at West
Point, Ga.
Nashville’s Centennial closed on the
29th ult.
South Carolina has 20,000 colored Good
Templars.
Reports of the wheat crop in Tennesste
are still gloomy.
A population of 20,000 is claimed by
Orange county, Fla.
Fifteen new business houses are under
contract in Troy, Ala.
Eighty-two houses were built during the
past year at Athens, Ga.
There are seven or eight candidates for
State Auditor in North Carolina.
The population of Richmond, Va., is 80,-
000, of which only 46,000 are white.
It is an indictable crime to kill a turkey
buzzard or earion crow in Tennessee.
Over 3,000 people visited Columbus, Tex
as, during the fifth Volksfest at that place.
Columbus claim!! to he the home of more
tine horses than any other city in Georgia.
The total loss of property in Alabama by
fire during the month of March was
$6,600.
Clark Mills proposes to undertake an
equestrian statue of General Joseph E
Johnston.
A man on the Peninsula railroad, in
Florida, gathered 10,000 good oranges from
one tree last fall.
The farmers in many counties in Georgia
have planted cotton more largely this year
than ever before.
In nearly all the Georgia towns mer
chants are beginning to close their stores at
6 o’clock in the evening.
Twenty-three new post routes are estab
lished in Mississippi by an Act of Congress
approved on ihe 3d inst.
Farmers are harvesting wheat near Char
lotte, N. C., and find the yield much better
than they anticipated.
The Edison telephone exchange in Paris
now numbers over four hundred, and addi
tions are being made daily.
New Orleans papers state that from the
present outlook, a magnificent crop of sugar
will be harvested this season.
At McKinney, Texas, Mrs. Mary McGar
rah died at the age of eighty-three, leaving
nearly four hundred descendants.
The old collonial church at Halifax, N.
C, is over a century old. In the church
yard there is a tomb-itone erected in 1772.
The next meeting of the General Assem
bly of the Southern Presbyterian Church
will be held at Covington in May, 1881.
Throughout the South preparations are
being made by ex-Confederates to hold re
unions of old commands this summer.
Planting Hax for the production of lin
seed oil and lint is proposed to he tried
near San Antonia, Texas, where Hax grows
wild.
Gold is found in fifty-six counties in
Georgia, copper in thirteen, and silver in
three, iron in fifty-three, ami diamonds in
twenty-six.
In some parts of Middle Tennessee the
farmers have plowed up their wheat fields,
having lost all hopes of a crop, and have
planted vegetables.
Stonewall Jackson’s widow and her
daughter, Miss J "lia Jackson, will nnvail
the Winchester, Va., monument to Stone
wall Jackson the 9th inst.
The chances for the Democratic nomina
tion for governor of South Carolina appear
to favor Got. Johnson Haygood. Gen. M.
W. Gary is the contestant.
The Covington (Gi.) Star thinks the gen
eration of young negroes in that section
are not worth the hundredth part of what
their fathers and modi rs were.
The Mississippi mills at Wesson have
their 400 looms running eleven hours a
day, and have orders ahead for the full ca
pacity of the mills for the next three
months.
All the saw-mills along the S >uth and
North Alabama railroad are kept busy sup
plying orders for lumber. Large quanti
ties of this lumber are shipped to Northern
markets.
Prof. Tice is of the opinion that about
all of the so-called cyclones, which have
prevailed to an unu-ual extent this season,
are storms of electricity and entiiely inde
pendent of wind.
There is a movement on foot to estab
lish a large cotton factory at Clarksville,
Tenn., which will employ from 400 to 500
hands. The move is headed by men of
means and business tact.
The ladies of Tuscaloosa, Ala., will erect
a marble slab over the grave of Miss Sal lie
Swope, who did such excellent services to
the sick and wounded in the hospitals and
on the battlefield during the war.
Puck quotes a colored philosopher as say
ing, “twenty years ago niggers was wuf a
thousand dollars a piece. Now dey would
be deah at two dollars a dozen. It’s ’ston
ishing how de race am runniu’ down.”
The raising of Angora goats in Western
Texas is increasing, and is alleged to he a
profitable business. It is said the meat is
much better than mutton, and each goat
yields about two pounds of hair annually.
In the Eastern markets iris worth now fif
ty-five cents per pound.
The “zoogroscope ” is a newly invented
instrument for taking instantaneous photo
graphs of moving objects, and has been
found to he valuable in showing the va
rious positions of running horses, athletes,
etc.
A shower of meteoric dust, containing
fragments of metalic iron together with
organic particles, visited Batania, Sicily,
recently, to the amazement and astonish
ment of the inhabitants of that region.
Two hundred thousand years is a long
time, but, according to Prof. Mudge, man
has been on the earth fully that length of
time. His calculations ar? based upon the
rate at which the delta of the Mississippi is
deposited.
Clark Mills, the sculptor, has been pre
sented by the Tennessee Historical Society
with a beautiful gold-headed cane made of
hickory-wood from the “Hermitage.” This
is the first testimonial ever given to any
one by this society.
Recent discoveries have developed the
fact that the ancient races of Chaldeans and
Babylonians made a practical use of the
moon, in the keeping up of a system of
regular observations, which showed that
the changes in the weather was due to lunar
influences.
Scientists, from close observations, are of
the opinion that pines and other needle
leaved trees have a stronger attraction for
watery vapor than other trees, and that
those containing resinous matter absorb
much more water, and exhale it more
rapidly than other species.
In a few days a deputation of gentlemen
from Mexico is expected to arrive at San
Antonia, Texas, to petition for the hand of
Miss Birdie Ord, daughter of General E. O.
C. Ord, in marriage with General Trevino,
commanding the Mexican Federal forces
in the States of Nueva, Leon, and Canhulla.
Two of the trustees of the State of Ver
mont Univer-ity have offered slsoin prizes
to boys not over seventeen years of age for
the best crops of potatoes and corn on one
eighth of an acre. A similar practice in
other of our States would doubtless prove
of much benefit to our agricultural inter
ests.
With a view to the protection of the birds
of the country, the French Government has
taken action, and has enacted laws prohibit
ing the killing of others than birds of pas
sage, and those only under ceriain limita
tion. The law is much more st.iiugent than
the so called game laws in this countiy, and
is strictly enforced against all offenders, no
matter how trivial the violation.
Cabbage Pests. —The Kansas Time*
would make each plant* unpalatable to the
grub in the following manner: “In the
spring procure some fresh burned lime, let
it become air slacked, and mix it with an
equal quantity of soot. In planting, the
holes ate made with a trowel in the usual
way; each plant is dropptd into its place
and an inch of soil put over the roots, a
good watering given first. then a moderate
handful of soot and lime mixture thrown
into each hole and the remaining soil tilled
itt. Kqual parts of soot and fine garden soil
mixed with water to the consistency of thin
mortar, with the plants dipped into the
mixttire up to the base of the leaves pre
vious to planting, is also advised as a pre
vent vef to clubbing. Wood ashes mixed
with water pound into the hole has been
tried with success. For cabbage worms
Professor Rdey recommends hot water
judiciously applied from a watering put.
This must he done with caution, and there
fore is liable in careless hands to do more
harm than good. Professor Riley also ad
vises for the same purpose applying repeat
edly a solution of w hale oil soap and water,
in proportion of one pound of soap to six
gallons of water. Pieces of board raised
an inch above the surface of the ground af
ford an opportunity of examining and de
stroying once or twice each week the trans
forming lar\ under them. For the grub
it is also recommended to loosen the earth
close to the roots and pour into the depres
sion a gill of a solution of soft soup and
water; one part of the former to twelve of
the latter. This needs to be done two or
three times # during the season.”
You will always find a successful farmer
on the alert for facts that have a hearing on
his pursuits. It doesn’t make much differ
ence how or where he picks them up, but
he is determined to know ell that is new,
and profits by it. This kind of a farrrnr is
more than a mere laborer —he reads and
converses with men of intelligence. He
studies, thinks before going into any new
enterprise. He pursues the same course as
any other successful man. He seeks to buy
the best, and in the cheapest market, man
ages to sell in the highest, and very seldom
fails to get the best prices. This farmer
looks ahead, and by aid of his current in
formation knows when to sell or hold his
property.
CARTERSVILLE, GA., THURSDAY, JUNE 17, 1880.
Rotation of Crops.
The standard of Agriculture, as a science,
should be raised as high as that of medicine
or Law. And young men should he
frowned down as charlatans or quacks, if
they should attempt to become the owners
of farms without first qualifying themselves
in accord with a standard, which should be
raised to a reasonable average ; and then
’’efuse to associate, professionally, (in the
Grange) with all who would exhibit so
much carelessness and ignorance as to al
low their farms to become so much ex
hausted that the average of their crops
would fall far below a reasonable standard.
To buy a farm for SIO,OOO, and to culti
vate it in a way that it will yield SI,OOO
each year for ten years, and then become of
no value, is no farming at all; it is worse
than quackery.
The general principles of agriculture
should be su fticiently well understood by
any one, who controls a farm, to enable
him to keep the land from failin'' below
a reasonable average, and at the same time
yield a fair dividend. “ Guess work is well
enough when it hits,” but we find that in
agriculture it does not “ hit ” often enough.
For the purpose of instituting a judi
cious rotation of erops'some knowledge of
the science of agriculture is necessary. In
the first place, if we desire to know what
the essential elements of plant food are, we
must ascertain what plants are composed
of.
The science of chemistry teaches us the
exact nature of the elements of which
plants are composed, and of their propor
tions. It teaches us that a portion of the
elements of plant food are ready for use ;
and that certain periods of time and nat
ural conditions are required to prepare
other portions. Chemistry teaches us, also,
that if we expect to avail ourselves of those
other portions, a proper rotation of crops
must he arranged.
Some plants contain a very large pro
portion of potash. The amount of this
substance will nearly equal all of the other
substances in the ash of potatoes and a few
other plants and root crops. Again, their
are other crops that contain a less amount
of potash, but a very much larger percent
age of phosphoric acid. And the relation
will hold good with regard to many other
elements.
To illustrate some of the principles hinted
at above, we might suppose that we had
a certain number of acres of land, of aver
age feitility. We conclude to (ry wheat as
a crop. Finding it very profitable, we con
tinue to sow wheat each year, on the same
land.
The tir-t one or two years, and in some
localities a longer period, will show hut lit
tle falling oft'in average yield. But in due
time we will find the yield steadily decreas
ing, If we arrange a four or fi e year’s
rotation ol ciops, by raising crops requir
ing hut a smail percentage of the elements
essential for wheat, it will he found that
the four or five years of time, has been
sufficient to reduce from an insoluble, and
other natural conditions, the necessary ele
ments, to produce a natural crop ol wheat
again.
Professor Johnson’s Agricultural Chem
ist ry, page 493, says, “ two practical rules
are suggested by the fact that different
plants require different substances to
abound in a soil in which they shall he
capable of flourishing.
1. “ To grow alternately as many differ
ent classes or families of plants as possible,
repeating each class at the greatest conve
nient distance of time.
2. To repeat the same species of plants
at the greatest convenient distance of time.”
The shortest rotation, without the use of
artificial manure, is to plow clover sod for
corn, and follow with small grain for the
second year. Reseeding with clover on the
smal^grain will not often he required, or
very little clov r seed he needed.
In the fall, after the small grain is cut,
the clover will afford a good grazing for a
time. In the summer of third year the
first crop of clover should he cut for hay ;
the second or seed crop should remain on
the land, and plowed under to feed the next
crop of coin ; and to seed the land again
after small grain is sowed on the corn
stubble. —J. L-, in Patron’s Guide.
Destroying' Weeds.
Every once in a while we read that the
way to destroy obnoxious weeds is to haul
loads of earth and cover the places where
the weeds grow, a half foot or so deep.
Sometimes these instructions are varied so
as to read rubbish instead of earth, and
tlien ai;ain rubbish is defined as straw,
cornstalks, or even brush. Now we have
no doubt in the world that can be de
stroyed in that way. We know that weeds
have to feed on air, and all that sort of
thing, and that if they are smothered they
can’t breathe, ami if they cannot breathe
they die. All this is so plain to the thick
est skull that one may feel perfectly safe in
recommending it as something that will
surely do. And yet we would like to know
how many who receommend it have ever
done so, or seen the plan tried by others.
We very much doubt whether it was ever
done .Some one may have noticed that
under a brush-heap everything was killed,
and that after remaining a year, the brush
heap’s removal would show the spot bare of
all vegetation. If the recommendation
ever had any ground at all it was surely
this.
Our remedy for noxious weeds is thor
ough cultivation. If% piece of ground is
full of briers, miik-weed, couch-grass,
Sodom-apples, C'amtda-ihisties, sorrel, toad
flax, or other miserable stuff that so often
tries the mettle of our good farmers, let
them put the ground in corn for a c. u pie .of
years or so, keeping the cultivation going
continually, and especially going in the
earliest parts of the season, and the tough
est character among these weeds will fail to
stand the ordeal. If the hand-hoe can he
spared to go in among the hills of corn oc
casionally, where the teeth of the harrow
cannot reach, or to cut off here and there
one which the harrow may miss, a bad case
may be cured in a season. But, if this can
not be done, a couple of successive years
a sharp-tooth cultivator among a corn-crop
will generally do the business for the worst
case that ever was.
Let any one who has a weedy field before
him resolve, another season, to put the
whole tract in corn and keep clean, and he
will soon give up all the common ideas of
smothering out with deep layers of earth,
cutting up in the full of the moon, putting
salt upon their tops, or the many other rec
ommendations started in the interest, it is
believed, of laziness, hut which really calls
lor more trouble and hard work than a
thorough and systematic cleaning, such as
we have indicated, does.
Green Manuring.
Many persons have an idea that it is
necessary to burn plants in order to procure
potash. They also think vegetable matter
must pass through the digestive organs of
animals, in order to be of value as manure.
The truth is. fire does nothing towards the
production of potash or any mineral salt.
It simply destroys the vegetable, leaving
the mineral substance free. No kind of
vegetable matter is as valuable for manure
after it has passed through an animal as it
was before. In trutli the most valuable
sub-tance it contained went, while in the
animal, to repair wastes in the body, to
build up new tissues, or to form milk. The
inferior portions of the food, unsuited to
these purposes, were voided as dung. The
coarse portions of the food that were void
ed were probably benefited by passing
through the digestive organs of the animal,
as they were softened and put in a condi
tion to be more readily decomposed.
The most rational method of increasing
the fertility of soils is to plow under the
crops that grew upon it. A person may
argue that there is no gain of fertilizing
mailer by this practice, since nothing is re
turned to the soil, except what caiue from
it. Such however is not the case. Plants
do not exist upon the surface soil alone.
A large portion of the hulk and weight of
plants is derived from the air. Another
portion comes from the soil far below
where the blow reaches. Lime and potash
are obtained in this way, while carbon and
nitrogen are taken up from the air. The
leaves of plants are the great feeder and
they draw nothing from the soil. The roots
that enter the subsoil, and those of many
plants do, take nothing from the soil that
stimulates the growth of the majority of
food plants. By burying plants that ob
tain their growth chiefly from the air and
subsoil, the fertility of land may he very
greatly increased. By the use of different
plants it is difficult to determine how abun
dantly soil may be made to produce.
Green plants decay very quickly when
they ate buried, especially if they are
turned under before their stalks become
hard. The sap in them insures their
speedy dtcay, and also helps decompose
other substances in the soil. By plowing
them under before they are ripe there wfll
he no trouble with the seeds. There is al
ways advantage in plowing un *er vegeta
tion when it is covered with dew, as it will
decay much quicker.
Green manuring has been recommended
for restoring fertility to soils that no longer
produce crops worth the trouble of har
vesting. It is obvious that such soils will
not produce much to turn under. Very
poor soils must receive a base of some
stumulating manure like hog dung or
blood fertilizer before they will produce
a crop worth turning under. Rye is one of
the best crops to raise for plowing under.
It is inferior to red clover, hut much more
cheaply produced. Peas are good, and so
is buckwheat, if it is buried before the
grain matures. —Ex.
How the Oherokees Make tt Raix
“Speaking of rain-makers among our peo
ple and the Creeks.” says th-- Cherokee
Advocate, “ they had them in all the tribes.
Many years ago we were returning home
from a journey, and at the ford of the Illi
nois river, seven miles from town, we found
a large gathering of Creek Indians, those
that then lived below Park Hill. They
were in a gay attire. Sme of our people
were present, who informed us that they
had gathered for the purpose of “making it
rain.” We halted to see what next. Two
elderly men retired a short distance, and
they appeared to be mumbling prayers, we
presume conjuring is the name for it, but
after some time a fire was made on the
bank, when these two conjurers gave an
Older and a voting man plunged into the
river ; the river was very deep, and when
he came up he had a blue catfish in his
hand, which was taken by one of the two
old men and thrown into the fire. There
was profound stillness while the fish was
being consumed. There was more mumb
ling and othet strange ceremonies going on
when we resumed our journey. It rained
that night.”
Georgia Farm Notes.
A good wholesome dog law is much
needed in Colquitt county, as the hounds
are plying their sheep-killing propensities.
Irwin county is infested by a band of
stock thieves, who, it is said, has stolen
since April last, about 15,000 head of sheep
and between one hundred and fifty and two
hundred head of cattle, in one particular
section of the county.
The caterpillar has made its appearance
in Lumpkin. Millions of little green grass
hoppers are also eating up young cotton,
and anew species of hug is doing sad havoc
to the young plants.
Anew cotton mill is to he built at once
at Cecil ran, on the Macon and Brunswick
railroad.
The Georgia rice crop is quite tine this
year. The rains have given it a good start,
and the finest crop ever made is expected
this season. Rice is becoming one of the
most important grain crops of South
Georgia.
Crops throughout the State are usually
fine, but exceedingly grassy.
Mr. D. J. Mathis, of Dupont, has
planted 3,000 tobacco plants, and proposes
to test that section for tobacco culture.
Mr. J. H. Parnell, of West point, has the
largest peach farm in the United States.
He haß already began his shipments to
northern cities. He shipped four crates to
New York and other northern cities on the
31st of May. We are sorry to state that he
will only make about one-fifth of a crop,
owing, we presume, to the unfavorable
spring. Mr. Parnell is a brother to the
great Irish statesman, but has been a resi
dent of West Point for many years.
Wm. Wilson, an eccentric old Georgian
of Newton county, recently died, leaving
his estate worth SIO,OOO to lvis former
slaves.
"Mr. Saiu. Gardner of Monroe county,
boasts of an onion that measures fifteen
inches in circumference. It is the white
variety.
Another Plan for Rotation of Crops.
One great obstacle to keeping up the fer
tility of the soil is the cultivation of the
same plant continuously on the same soil
for a number of years, or by a rotation
which practically is of little benefit because
of a want of judgment or a knowledge of
what crops are required in a proper rotation
or system of tillage. In some of the North
ern States wheat mainly, has been the crop
which, cultivated continuously or nearly so
for years, has impoverished the soil, the
center of its production moving gradually
westward from the Atlantic States until it
is now west of the great lakes. In Virginia
and other States tobacco cultivated for years
on the-same lands has rendered them bar
ren, and further south cotton has played
the same role. Nature resents violations of
her laws, sooner or later, and for thus im
poverishing the soil at last impoverishes the
occupant. An interesting paper referring
to this primordial law appeared many years
ago from the pen of a French savan, and as
attention has recently becu called to it by
Prof. Steile, of Alabama, we give some
points which are at once interesting and
suggestive.
“1 was in 1825 that Dureau de la Malle
called the attention of scientific people to
phenomenon of natural rotation in unculti
vated plants. From long observation of
what takes place in woods and pasture
lands, he establishes the fact that an alter
nation of growth, as he called it, occurs as
a natural phenomenon, the grasses getting
the upper hand atone time and the legumes
at another, so that in the course of thirty
years he was a witness of five or six alter
nations.
“In woodlands, as is well known, a simi
lar phenomenon is observable. The writer
just referred to relates how, after the fell
ing of timber in forests of a particular dis
trict of Fiance, broom, foxglove, heath,
birch trees and aspen sprang up, replacing
the oaks, the beech and the ash, felled by
the woodman. After thirty years the birch
and the poplars were felled in their turn.
Still very few original possessors of the
soil, the oaks, etc., made their appearance ;
the ground was stili occupied with young
biich and poplar. It is not till after the
repetition of the coppicing—after an inter
val of ninety years—that the oaks and
beech reconquer their original position.
They retain it for a time, and then the
struggle begins again.
“Our farm operations are merely an insig
nificant imitation of nature’s work in the
woods. If nature demands a rotation in the
growths of her forests, then she also de
mands as much for our crops, and when we
decline to accede to these demands we are
endeavoring to drive Our wo*-k directly
against nature, which means working great
ly to our disadvantage all the time. It is
like pulling a boat up stream against the
current of a rapid river, when it would
serve our purpose equally as well to go
down.”
Tobacco, from Western North Carolina is
scarcely ever injured by the horn worm.
This crop has been grown there but a few
years, and the worms have ,not yet learned
to claim it.
North Carolina is taking an active inter
est in fish culture. All the leading streams
in that state are now being stocked with
the best varieties of fish.
S. A. CUNNINGHAM.
The largest yield of cotton on record was
made bv Mr. T. C. Warther, of Washington
county, Georgia, in 1873. He was compet
ing for a premium offered by the State Ag
ricultural Society, and gathered from one
acre 6,891 pounds of seed cotton, yielding
2,096 pounds lint, or a little over four bales
of 500 pounds each.
We shall be much obliged to any sub
scriber, receiving this paper, who has been
annoyed by not receiving his paper regular
ly, if he or she will promptly advise us of
the fact, giving us at the same time his or
her full address, so that if the irregularity
is due to any incorrectness in our list we
may have an immediate opportunity of
correcting it. With a printed list, a name
once right is always right.
—Spring returns of the winter wheat area
confirm those of December, and indicate an
addition of one-eighth to the breadth of last
season’s harvesting. So the Department of
Agriculture decides. At this rate a fair
yield, even less than last year, places the
United States at least fifty per cent ahead
of France, the next largest producer of
wheat in the world. Ten years ago the
mean product of both nations was substan
tially the same. Some statements have re
cently been current making Russia the
champion wheat producer. It is a great
mistake. Russia surpasses the world in the
growing of rye, producing much more than
we do of wheat, and at least three bushels
of the former to one of the latter. Our
wheat area is probably double that of
France.
“Land Poor.” —ln an account recently
published of one of the numerous candi
dates for President, a very expressive phrase
was used as descriptive of his pecuniary
condition. Tt was said that he had always
been “land poor.” It meant that he had
always kept himself short of ready money
by constantly investing his income as fast
;is he received it. There are a great many
people in this country who are land poor.
They own more land than they can afford
to. Probably one-half of the farmers of
the United States to-day would be better off
if they were to sell half the land they own
and employ the proceeds as a working capi
tol on the remainder. Higher aud more
profitable cultivation would be the result,
and the individual and the country would
both be made the richer. Still it is better
to be land poor than to be entirely poor.”
Catoosa Springs. —This celebrated sum
mer resort will be opened on the Ist of
June, and will be kept open until the last
of October. Catoosa is so well known to
Georgians that it would be useless to point
out its excellencies. With its fifty distinct
springs of healing water, it furnishes a
reiu dy for all the ailments of human
nature. Any combination of waters can be
speedily made to meet any complicated
case, so that none need dispair.
The amusements will be ample to meet
the most extravagant demands of the pleas
ure seeker. The hotel arrangements are all
first-class, and the tab.e will be replete to
the satisfying of every appetite. Colonel
.Tames W. Burch, the manager, understands
his mission thoroughly, and will keep
everything up to the best style.
Excursion tickets from Atlanta to the
springs and return, and one week’s board,
$10; two weeks, sl7; and $1 per day for
every additional day spent at the springs.
HOW TO ATTRACT IMMIGRATION.
The New Orleans Times has an excellent
editorial on the subject of the best means
to attract immigration to Louisiana and
other Southern States. The Times advo
cates the formation of immigration com
panies. Morgan’s read is opening to settle
ment a large area of territory which has
hitherto been quite shut out from the
world. The parishes traversed Joy the
Houston road are admirably adapted to the
needs of the very best class of immigrants,
and. if the proper policy is pursued, West
ern Louisiana will, within the next few
years, very largely increase in population.
The chief obstacle to immigration, says the
Times, is to be found in the fact that the
greater portion of the land in the western
parishes is held by large proprietors who
are willing to sell in block at quite reason
able prices, but who refuse to divide their
holdings. It maintains that immigration
companies should he formed. Large tracts
of land should be bought, subdivided, im
proved and sold on favorable terms to im
migrants. This scheme does not depend on
benevolence for its success ; it appeals to
the only instinct in human nature on which,
in business transactions, it is safe to rely—
the love of gain. The large land holder
would gain by selling in block the lands
which, in general, he has not sufficient
means to cultivate; the immigrant would
gain by finding a home, for which he could
easily pay out of his earnings; the immi
gration company would gain by taking ad
vantage of the ample margin which nects
sarily exists between wholesale and retail
transactions. The Times says it must be
evident to the most casual observer that the
Southern system of agriculture is undrgo
ing a momentous change. With slavery
have passed away the conditions which
made the old princely style of farming not
only possible, but profitable as well. All
who consider the future of the South must
regard the change as fortunate, in the high
est degree.