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£hc jgucmt M\sU\ N/C. O. RUSSELIi, % Editor A Proprietor. \ Plit. Mnritm <'<>• <it.. Tnrmsof .lilSiirllsltMl th sumo >,s tlioso oh tuli iultml liy tho Cress Association of U„oilu for the Country /’ress. Jllllsfor uclvnrUslnc are ilmi on tint first niipour licoufthi, inlvortisoiuoiit, nr wlicn piwntoil, cx ]it whrn otliorwlso oontrsetod tor. Rate* and Rulosf or Legal Adver tising. Hl,.Tilt Sitin'. '■*<•'> . * *•*> Mortustfu tl In snl.otioli levy 8.00 'lux Oullei'tor's snl.'M, en,'l, levy i.W CiUtion tor Letters of Admlnlstratlou and (liiardliinsliifi 4.00 Vimlir Itlou Aumliilstriitlou ‘lliurdiioiill'fe 1 Uxi emu, shiii 6.00 Am, notion hi " ,r "1 r ” *•'”> N .lire to didißrn iml ofe.litor i 4. 00 rand sales, lt siilnro, |4, uft'li nJMltlonal... ;.<>(> Sales of perlslttil'lod'roiioity, Mir mfvurv l!..o Kstray untten#" Jays.. i '•• • ■ -'W N„tlco to perleet sfvvire. , oo ltnles 111 si to foreclose niort|tanes per Ml r 1..10 ItnlrH to establish lost papers, pur square.... it. 6o It,lies roinpellliiß titles...... 'j-jj'J fillles to perfeet sorvioes u, divorse eases.... 10 0, Application for Hoineste*! J.on All Lratal Advertisements must he paid lor in inl "'ail'esdnilrid. ke.. by Adinliiistnit 'rs, executors tnaliiardiiilis, are required hy law to beheld on the I'i. stTilesdnv in tlio month, between the hours ol ..Vi til the lor'elloon and three hi the afternoon, at tho I'm,rt Hdmm in Ibo county ill wliicli the property is “'s'mie'us of those, sales must he given in a public ga ,.. t m tlo e'.,oity vrl.cr, the laud lies. If there be ' U " ,if there is no paper published in the county n"i' in tile nearest if u'.eite. or the one having tlm HWist “."reT circulaiiou in said county, 10 days iii-rvlous ti’ Hie , . , . I Notices for the sale of personal property m ust bo, nlven ill like maimer tell days previous to salo day. Notice to the debtors ot creditors nud an estate " Notire that application will be made to the Court of Ordinary for Leave to Sell land, Jtc.. must bo ruuiisU- J cZtlons V for U LeU.-ro ntWlmim'dratiot,, Guardian „■ lin.ele., must be pulilisUed 110 day- or Llsm, ~lim i‘i tiiii Ad.iJinistrutioiit Guardianship and Axocuturainp * "kX of Foreclosure or Mortgage must be publish p.l monthly for four months—tor c-stabUnUiuf, lust itapci's fur taw lull spa.-o of three mouths--lor oom -1..5i11.* titles from Executors or A;lmiuistnitorp, where bond has boon I'ivon by tho deceased, thflah Amibeatuln for lb uoi dead must be published tiviec. Pnhliiiattonh v. ill always he continued uecordmg to these, the legal reiiuiremonts, ÜbluSß other wine oi dtved. Buena Vista Advertisements. If. U. iliutdn& W. B. Hiutoli, ATTOJKSi EEIS AT Mi A. W, BOSNA X r XSTA. GA. \V iirpmctice in the Courts ot this Statee oil l tin: District l-.iul Circuit Courts of tli. United Stated. _ tachJM-ly, jr. X. O. Kerr, ATTORN ET. Y AT LA W , mU-iNA - Miimli 10, 1876-1 yr MOW- iBiTET, ‘ atxouxeyat Law, •BVKST.V VISTA, GA. mi. E. T. MATHIS, Uuttnn O.ills left at my office or residence promptly ill tended. Deeil-jy WISDOM, M• 25., BUENA VISTA, GA. my be left at my resi ,)enee ut all hours of the tlay or night.AfiA October Hlh, 1875.— Ty 'mu as g IO <0 ,2jj- Tho uiHleisignetl taltcs tuis method of in forming tliefarmers- of Marion and adjoinin;' counties, tiiat lie is now ready to repair Gins, in the best manner, at the most n i-mnblt rates and to the entire satisfaction of custo mers. Orders left at the Annus office, or sent to my address through the mail, will lie iwomptly attended to. Tour patronage ro spccUully solicited. A. C. Amass, 1 CERTIFICATE- I eerlifyHh.it Air. A. 0. Adkins has repaired mv "in and given entire satisfaction. I ic c.nnmicud him to all whoso gins need repnir i, , A. W. Davis. REFERENCES. }> y. .s'tevons, .1 A istory, i I Bolk, rf J Harvey, A W Davis, J L Matthews, ang. ‘ln- 'I os- NEW GOODS! MEW GOODS' o Just Received Ry Lmd & Busliirt 'Which They Offer at Bottom figures. They will also keep a line of Taney and Staple Gro co "ies. ■‘ a r J 'hanking their custom ers tv v >r past favors, they re quest them to examine their stock i before buying, They give bargains, arid no n. dstake—Try them, ■Oct. 4lii 70. TfJ J? PITPIVTA l/TCTA 4f>l r ! TQ lllJi 131_J Jill A. fIoJLA Altli Uo A. %c. SUSSBIUti, Proprietor. -A.- DEMOCRATIO NEWSPAPER. Annual Subscription, $2,0 3 VOLUME 11. (Bflmiuttuirtttiaws. Pnriiishoil for l'ublicntioilliy Npfirinl Request of Marion County Agriimlitiml Sooieiy. OATS—SOTIK REASONS WHY B I'I.AST OATS. My first reason for sowingoats is: Oats are lietter food for mules in (he Summer than; corn, the opinion of many Marion county farmers to the contrary, notwithstanding. Corn is superior to oats as a fattening agent, when the object is to fatten animals either mutes, cows, fowls or other do mestic animals. But when w r e wish to feed with at view of developing muscular strength, or to give tho mule or horse speed, oats arc pre ferable to corn. j. As corn is a supe - rior food when onr object i? to fatten animals, we feed it to hogs in pref erence to oats, peas, or other grain. Corn generates more heat in the an imal system, while oats impart more muscular strength. No racer would think of feeding corn to Jjls horse when he is preparing him for the turf,[for the reasons just stated. The Yankees feed a half ration of corn to their horses §jand mules in winter, from the fact their winters are se vere, and it L; important to feed some corn as it stimulates the animal sys tem, imparts heat, thus enabling the animal better to resist the cold. No such reason exist here for feed ing Corn to work animals. Many will sav iust here, give me plenty' of corn and 1 will have fat mules that will do good work —that is true, but if I understand the object of this club, Or Society, wo are driving at the facts in n-fcience to this subject, we wish to adopt the best plans or methods. If it is a fact, that mules will do more work by being fed with oats than corn, it is important that we know it, that Wo may investigate the subject still further. La -t year I commenced to feed m.y mule with oats, the loth day of May, and fed oats exclusively for four months. I plowed the mule myself, had plowed it the previous year, in fact two years previous, and the'mule did more plowing last year than ever before. This spring I bought another Tennosee mule, and put it on oats the middle ot Alay hist, and give no other food for four months, the mule kept in good condition and did more plowing than my neighbors mules. This ex periment in connection with what 1 have read on this subject, has satis lied me on this point. Besides 1 learn that the Thomas county farmers, feed their work stock almost exclu sively with oats tho year round. A majority of our mules die under 16 years old, and a large percentage die with colic, or other diseases in duced by indigestion. Tins is evi dence to my mind that we do not feed i hem as we should. There is a barbar ous practic in this county, with a great many, of burning tiie poor animals’ mouths for lumpers, quite an inhu mane practice—it shows that tiie dis-. ease is not understood—lampeis is the result ol indigestion or a disor dered stomach, and not a local affec tion, as some suppose, who use the hot iron, This indigestion is brought about by feeding tiie animal on hard stimilating indigestible food. If the corn was ground and the mule fed with meal instead of corn a part of the time, it would do much better. It is a common saying among farmers that mules do not do well here the first year alter coming from Ken tucky, and offer as a reason the heat of the climnic. This appears to be a great mistake. BUENA. VISTA, MARION COUNTY, GA., OCTOBER 13, 1370, | Asia is the original home df the I mule, and a warm climate suits it ! best, the longest lived and most dur | able mules that have ever been in troduced here arc from the old fesli ioned Arabian or African Jack,,' tlie large Spanish f Jack is an improve ment on the small Arabian Jatk in size, but is less and arable and is short er lived. It is a well known fact that Georgia raised mules arc more dura ble than Kentucky mules when "prop mly raised. Kentucky mules are fed with oats, grass, clover, hay, and the like, food well suited to the digestive powers of the mule's stomach and the best possible food developing muscular strength and activity. The Georgia farmers get poscssion of the Kentucky mule, puts him on corn and fodder, and nearly ever makes any change. The consequence is, more than 75 per cent soon bc- come confirmed dispeptic, subject to cholic, and die a piematuro death, ready ever living more than 1(1 years; we seldom oversee a mnlc die with old age for the last few years passed. It is the food and not the climate, that causes so many mules to brake down and die the first year after ; coining to Georgia. Feeding mules with corn and fodder exclusively in summer, is just like feeding a ivhilc man in summer, with fresh fat pork, rich gravy, cheese, and other Highly stimulating animal food. A man fed thus in summer would feel dull, and sluggish, and could not labor vi !i one who was fed with cabbage Irish potatoes beans, and other nutricious vegetables and fruits. I can keep a mule fat in,. Summer with corn and fodder, but be is lsizy—drags along —sweats a great deal —requires the ] la,r-h ever and anon—his ears swing j about like they were loose in the riv- [ et. My second reason for sowing oats is: It enables me to so adjust my farm operations MS to secure a diver sion of labor, and crops, thereby gaining or saving time. By sowing oats in the Fall, after tho cotioh crop has been gathered, I can .secure the host of food for mules cheaper than 1 call by making corn in the spring or summer, in the month of Novem ber labor may bo secured on better terms than in spring and summer, being a more leisure litnc. By j thus taking advantage of circumstances to sow ft or 1 acres in oats, in the Fall. I have a crop planted and growing in winter, that will feed my work stock half the year, and inter fere but little with my Spring and summer crops. This much dope in the fall, I have Gor 3 acres less land lo prepare in the spring tor corn, substituting the oats for the corn, thus I have gained or saved that much time. I then can employ this time as I think best, in improving my fencing, saving or making more manure, in better preparing my land for other crops, or in improving my home, making it more comfortable and pleasant. Or I can plant more potatoes, peas or other side crops. The point is, the time lias been gain ed or saved and I can use it us I think best, I would like to stress this point. I trace many crop failures to want of proper preparation of the soil for tiie leeeption of the seed in spring. Where a tanner plants a sufficient amount of land in corn to supply his demands for corn, lie is necessarily compelled to prepare a large breadth of land in the early spring months, and it there should be much vain at this season —and there generally is—the farmer is com pelled to plow his land when it is ex cessively wet, or plant a part of his ! crop in a soil that has not, been prop erly prepared. Just hero I learned an important lesson 1 years ago. In tho year 18Y2, I commenced to break up my cotton land the first week in January, the land was dry and inline condition for plowing. I broke it by running a common turning plow; plowed in tlic same furrow with n bull tongue or scooter plow; break ing the land to thff 'depth of inches, in this.fleld there were 7 acres in cut no 1, and 3 acres in cut no. 2. The first- cut was broken as above do' scribed. Heavy packing rains com menced tho latter part of January and continued more than one month. Cut no. 2 was not broken until the last days of March—owing to the continued rains—it was broken with tlic same plow, but was not followed with the scooter as I did in cut. no. 1. Several of my neighbors asked mo it 1 did not think land plowed up early in January, would run together again before planting and be as hard as ever. I confessed that I was ap prehensive that such would be the case, but the future developed facts, that I was not at all prepared to an ticipate, at that time. Cut nos. 1 and 2, were planted in cotton, and in the subsequent cultivation of this field, I was astonished at the differ ence in tho two cuts. No. 1, thoroughly broken early in January, when the ground was dry, continued loose and friable, and the cotton grew off beautifully, while cut no. 2 that was not broken up until the last days of March, was hard, cloddy, sud the cotton was behind all the year. Henry Hillman rode through tins field the latter part of Tvlav. lie i ; | passed through cut no. 2 first, then 1 [ through no. 1, the difference was so j j great, the first thing he said to me, ] ! after coming to the house, was, “ iV.hat j j have you done to tiiat land, that cans-; ed my mu'e to sink so deep in t ho soil? ’ i I said to him, “I subsoil®! it when | it was compaiativciy dry.” The hit- j ter part < f June, Mr. Thomas .Math ews visited our neighborhood looking at our llcdbone crops, and passed] through this field, and on coming to cut no. 2 lie said to me, “Spinks what is tho matier with this cotton?” I said to him, “Somehow it had been behind all the Spring.” I mention this to show that the difference was so mark cd that a casual observer would no tice it at once. This convinced me that land thorough broken in January when the subsoil was not thoroughly saturated with wafer would not run together, and become hard before planting time, as we had more heavy braking rains in February and March in 18T2 than I ever saw before or since at that season. While ihc working of cut no. 2 showed conclusively, that although not broken until just before planting tim’d, it ruh-iogeiher, became hard, cultivated' badly, and the crop did not compare with cut. no. 1, because the subsoil was saturated with water when it was plowed up, although I did not brake it, until I thought it was sufficiently dry not to be injured. I am acquainted with some Mari on county planters, who proposed last Spring to make a corn crop with less plowing than usual. They did not plow up the land until they com menced to plant the seeds, and did but little plowing in their corn until it was laid by; at least done much less than usual, and their crops were fine when laid by, tho latter part of Julie. Subsequently, 1 learned, their crops were a, failure, at least cut off by dry weather. They had some ' true, but the dif NUMBER 3. Realty was. tho land was not. proper ly prepared in the Spring. They had loose earth enough to make a line sialk, but not enough to make the ear to correspond with the stalk. If their land had been thoroughly broken when it was not wet, their corn cron would have been good; Iho drought they had wouhj have in jured it, but little. Just hero nine tenths of the Marion countv farmers "make a mistake, they atrfibute to drouth, rust ami blight, what should be attributed to want of proper prep aration of tho soil lor tho reception of die seeds in Spring. Any system of agriculture that ig nores the improvement of the soil, is prejudicial. In other woods, it is to my interest to so adjust my farming operations, to plant such crops, and adopt such a system of rotation as will enable me to gather a handsome support and keep my land up to its present productive capacity. I go further yet, and say, that it is not on ly to my interest, but it is ray duty to so plant, and'so cultivate, as to make a support and at tho same time add to the productive capacity of tdio soil, the opinion of the masses to the con trary notwithstanding. I said my duty—a duty I conceive I owe to my children and grandchildren. It is apparcut to my mind, to continue the present ruinous system of farming, that has prevailed in Georgia for more than 50 years "past, will leave our grand-children in possession of worn out sedge fields as their only inheritance. To my mind this is a humiliating thought, and it is-a question about which I have thought much, in the last eight years. It is a problem that must bo soLvod —for one, I think, flic time lias arrived, when as farmers and ns fathers, this great question confronts us, and should be investigated. I have ask ed tho views of many planters on this subject, their opinions are various and conflicting. Out almost all ac knowledge they are doing nothing in this direction. That they arc not plant ng with a view ot improving or adding to the productive capacity of their farms. The question naturally arises just here: i Where will our childrens’ childrens live fifty years hence. By sowing oats, in the Fall, I am enabled to adopt a more judicious system of rotation oi crops, enabling me to so arrange tnyfarm operations as to keep my land up to it present productive capacity, thus keeping my capital intact. In taking off' grain crops from land, we necessari ly remove a certain amount of plant food from the soil—phosphoric acid, potash, ammonia and other elements of plant food; lienee in planting grain crops after grain, for several years in succession, we find our lands Ex-: hnusted, at least the crop fails. lint, by a system of rotation, I find our lands do not become. exhausted so soon, as ‘some crops take ranch lefs plant food from the soil than ethers. We find that cotton takes mbthfiig at all, at least, when the. stalks arc knocked down and plowed in the land in the winter, -the land has not lost anything by our taking oft’ tho crop, except what has been lost by washing. This is one great advan tage we have over the Northern farm er, our great staple crop when gath ered leaves our land in as good con dition as before, if wo cap keep it from washing. Corn is the most ex hausting crop wo plant, considering the amount of profits we get in re. turn per acre. Caiic takes more plant food from the soil (The Tistn Published Every Friday. H.VTKti OK Ni IJSt iiIJ'TIOM JXLLIIMXIi rOsTAi.K, < 'ns Year $2,00 Six Mon’hs 1 O.i Throe Months 75 Always in Advance. foimliv Produce taken wlicn SnterHrs emit Pay Oasli Best Advertising s/tediumin this Section of Georgia. than corn, at tho same time it redds us more than 50 per cent more prof its than corn. Oats detract almost ns-much plant food from the s' il as corn, yet I lo.iru by actual experi meat, that the sncceding crop docs Bnueb bgucr'after oats than corn. 1 may not give a satisfactory reason for this, yet I say it is a fact, besides, hundreds of other Georgia farmeis say the same thing. One reason corn injures land more th an , oat?, coni is TiFfAved aftd hoed wjvwW times and loses much by washing, unless the land is level. The oats being sowed broad cast on the land, prevent its washing to aitrcut extent ; besides the land is plowed but once, bcuce oats have much the ad van: ago as regards washing; again, the fodtler is stripped off the corn in August, leaving tho surface exposed to the direct ray? of a blazing summer sun. which, iu my humble opinion, is very injurious. The oats being taken oil the land in May, the grass and weeds spring up, and protect the surface of the earth from the effects of a summer sun to a great extent; these two reasons I give to show why corn injures land more thar. oats. By substituting oats and rye for corn to a great extent I can better take care of my land which is my capital. We sec many planters go down just here since the war. At tl o closft of each year’s operations, they have some available cash in tluir pockets, feeling after all their draw backs, from inefficient labor, they were doing pret'y well, be ing mffrii nil fill of the tact, this cash was not actual profits worked out of their land, but was a draw on the capital stock, or land put into their pockets unwittingly. This little available cash has been absorbed by expenses to run the farm; the plant er finds himself with an old run down plantation, that lie cannot sell, nor will it pay him to run it any longer— lie is flat. By growing these winter' crops, I can raise more food crops, and to that extent can cheapen labor; with cheaper labor, T can grow cheap er cotton. This is the final ultima tum. India became our competitor iu the cotton market during the war, and the India crop had much to do in reducing the price of tiie great staple to what it now is. But since eotton has come to 12ets., India is rapidly switching off, and we must force India out of the cotton market. We can do it, and I propose to use oats as an agent to accomplish this end. J ExPL.VN.moN. To the casual reader, this article will appear rather ‘‘thin,” consider ing its length, and breadth. It was not prepared for tire press, but written with a view of being read be fore the Agricultural Society, at its last meeting, intending at that timo .to fill out the “thin” parts by Suita. blB comments and deductions. I run this oat question, into collateral ques tions on purpose, from the fact our Society has just been organized; nyain, because I wish to elicit a more general investigation of this subject than has been done heretofore. H. C. Spinks. Vanity Fair says: A certain waiter recently left the Athemeuin Club t.o enter the army and navy, and being a grave person, as be came his origin, lie was at once as sured by ills new commander that he would never be able to stay in his new place, “because,” said he, “we have such a rowdy lot of mem bers/’ “Lord bless you,” said lie, “you should go to tho Athemeuin and hear them Bishops swear. When their chops isn’t done right their laugwidsre is awiul,” \ J s