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A.. 3s£. O. BUSSELL,
Editor & Proprietor.
Ilurnn Vista. Marlon Co-. Qa ■
WEDNESDAY HORSING, APBIL. 4. 187 T.
THE HOMESTEAD LAW.
We do not join in all this hue and
cry against tho homestead law.
Some ot the would-be political econ
omists amongst us say that such a
law works Injustice to both debtor
and creditor, in that it prevents the
establishment ot confidence between
them, and that its operation is such
as to keep worthy men from obtain
ing necessary accommodations. This
is absurd enough. Confidence is
probablj necessary to credit, but
credit is not at all necessary to pros
perity. Moreover with a homestead
clause in our fundamental law, the
world is put upon notice that the
state will do what it can to protect
those who, so far as citizenship is
concerned, have no power to protect
themselves. There is no broach of
confidence in this fact. The law is
known to all. Moreover, it is a wise
and a just law. It is a much better
safe-guard against individual extrav
agance than the usury law, which
tends to promote wbat it is intended
to prevent. The usury law proposes
to protect individuals against their
own improvidence. The homestead
law proposes to protect women and
children against the improvidence
of their husbands and fathers. We
lo not object to a modification of the
aw as'itlnow stands. It is clumsily
famed,'but the nurpose it embodies
is a good one. Its methods may be
awkward, but its results arc not un
wboleome. We do not propose,
however, to make a special defence
of the law as it now stands. We
simply desire to have it understood
that the Constitution is in favor of
a libei al, well-guarded homestead
provision in our organic law. We
believe, however, that the provision
should make some discrimination.
There are families whose circum
stances demand that they should
have set apart to them as much as
is now allowed by the constitution,
while on the other hand, there are
families whose necessities might only
demand a third or a half of that sum.
"Wo of--- U.U— ...v/ll.oJ of ooV
ting a part a homestead than to du
plicate the provisions of the code in
relation to the manner of setting
apart a year’s support to the families
ofdeceased persons. If the leading fea
tures of those provisions weie adopt
ed fixing the maximum allowance
at $3,000 and the minimum at SSOO
then the duty of regulating the
homestead allowances would devolve
upon a man’s neighbors, and to tho
decision of such appraisers neither
the debtor nor the creditor, could
pUusibly complain. — Alt. Const.
P BOCLAMATIO US
OF
ALFRED H. COLQUITT,
Governor of Georgia-
Executite Dept., State of Ga., )
Atlanta, Ga., March 24, ’77 [
WHEREAS, two successive Legis
latures have passed by a two-tlnrds
vote, an act to amend the constitu
tion of the State, an amendment and
said act approved February 25, 1875,
and Feb. 27, 1877, adding an addi
tional clause to the sixth section of
the third article of the consitution of
this State, to-wit: A prohibition
against any power of the State pay
ing or recognizing in any way as val
id any dircect bonds, gold bonds or
currency bonds, or the states alleged
guaranty or endorsement bonds
heretofore declared illegal, fraudu-
lent or void.
And, whereas, Section 2nd of said
act direots the governor to submit
said amendment for final ratification
to the qualified voters of the State.
I, therefore, issue this, my procla
mation requiring a sufficient number
of the proper officers and persons
authorized by the laws of the Stat,
to superintend general elections to
convene at the various election pre
cints throughout the State, on the
first Tuesday in, being the first day
of May next, to hold an election in
the manner prescribed by law for
the election of members lo the most
numerous branch of the Legislature,
at which said election the qualified
voters shall cast their ballots either
for “ratification” or “no ratification”
of said constitutional amendment,
and the returns of said election shall
be made as required by law.
Given under my hand and the Seal
of the Executive Department, at
the Capitol, in Atlanta, the 24th
day of March, 1877.
ALFRED H. COLQUITT,
Governor.
By the Governor:
I. W. Avery.
Sec. Dept.
WXTirM rou THK lUEN* TUT* ABOIU.
CONSTITUTIONAL CONV NTION
JIUMUEB THREE
Ur. Editor:
Absence from home has delayed
this communication. Let the excuse
suffice.
We propose now to extend our
reasons why the present constitution
should be changed, and prefatory to
what we are about to say, wc lay
down as a rule the principle that it
is the duty of the iundamental law
of a state to protect its citizens in
life, liberty and property; and any
constitution that does not do this Is
defective. If we are not mistaken, we
will be able to show that the preseut
constitution does not come np to the
requirements of this rule. Life per
haps is as safe in Georgia as law
could well make it. Our liberties
are not much abridged, but when
we look to property it is not protect
ed. It cannot be said that property
is protected, when the constitution
not only permits- the Legislature to
I tax it for the benefit of private cor
porations, without your consent, but
encourages it. That it is amendable
to this charge is abundantly demon
strated in the history of Georgia for
the past ten years.
There was granted to the Albany
& Brunswick road aid to the amount
of sls 000 per mile, and afterwards
the State exchanged her bonds for the
bonds of this'railroad'at the rate of
$5 000„of the State, for $8 000 of the
bonds of the railroad. Now, when
you multiply the length of tho road
by the 15000 yon can have the
amount of aid extended.
This was done by your legislators
and involved the State in a very
large interest of which must be paid
by taxation.
This is hut one instance. Take
the Macon & Brunswick. In that
road the State took a $1 000 000
worth of stock, and afterwards in
dorsed the bonds at the rate of SSOOO
a mile. The North & South road
wUu IrttU Uf SIQ 000
per mile, etc. We might enumerate
others, butlet this suffiiee. Now in
order that the interest on said bonds
be paid and the credit of the state
upheld, it is necessary to draw from
the hard earnings of the people a
sum sufficient to pay it.
What has been said in relation to
railroads may be said in regard to
the cities, yet not with as much force,
for the citizens of the city only are
taxed to pay the interest on ’the
bonds of a city.
Now we want to know what inter
est the masses have in the building
of either of said roads. Truth and
candor will compell us to say none,
and if none, is not that constitution
defective which permits this burden
to be thrust unon us? There would
seem to be but one answer:—Yes.
That this constitution does permit it
let the tax payers of Georgia answer
The true theory of government, upon
the subject of taxation, is to be found
in that fundamental principle which
would not suffer a people taxed for
any purpose except foi the payment
of the actual expenses of the govern
ment.
If we were only taxed to that ex
tent. we would whistle when we saw
the tax collector coming instead of
dreading his presence.
Let us look for a moment: $4 000
for the Governor. $3500 for each
of the Judges Of the Supreme Court;
$2500 for each the of Judges of the
Superior Court; $250 for each solici
tor; $2500 for the comptroller; $2500
for the treasurer; $3500 for the sec
retary of state; $2500 for the attor
ney general; and we have the sum o|
SB2OOO, now add to this SI2OOOO for
the annual meeting of the Legisla
ture, and we have the nice little sum
of $202000, to be paid by the people
every year. We wish to know who
desires to increase that sum, and
yet who does not know that the ex
penses of the Government now
amount to at least three times that j
sum.
Well may the people complain and j
yet it is clear that so long as the con
stitution does not restrict tho power
of the Legislature, so long will this
burden be placed upon us. Tho re
medy is to bo found in an amend
ment to the consideration, somewhat
like the following :
The Legislature shall have no pow
er to appropriate, b y bill or otherwise,
any money except for tho payment
of the officers of state.
Thus at once this flood gate of ex
travagance would bo stoped, and
taxation reduced to its legitima’e
purposes. Let us have no more aid
to private corporations at the ex
pense of the tax payers. Our expe
rience with the Macon <fc Brunswick,
ought to satisfy us. The State first
paid $1,000,000, afterwards indorsed
at the rate of 5,000 per mile, and fi
nally sold the road for less than the
actual stock subscribed, losisg a
portion of the stock and all the bonds
This can only be remedied by cons'i
tutional restriction. If the people
had been asked whether they were
willing to be taxed for the benefit of
said corporations, they would have
said no. But since they hare been
compelled to pay the intereston said
bonds, it follows that the constitu
tion does not protect property.
It will be remembered tiat the
Legislature of Georgia, nfte- exam -
ining the facts in relation to SBO,OOO
of the bond’s bsee as aforesaid de
termined that they were void yet
every session since efforts have been
made to get them recognize!, who
can tell but what not far in the fu
ture that this body may change its
complexion, and determine not only
to pay them, but make an appropri
tion for said purpose.
No one can tell how soon after the
present body expires before one less
patr'otie may be elected to fill their
places.
Let us provide against it by put
ting into the constitution a clause
which would for all time free us from
the apprehension of such an act.
Will any one say that the sugges
tion is not good ? Wo apprehend
not.
Then why not have a convention
and do this work ?
That the Legislature will not
make the amendment is presumable
because we have had in that body
good and patriotic members since
1871, at which time those bonds were
determined to be void, and yet the
amendment has not been made.
Can you get better legislative bod
ies in the future than you have had
in the past? We think this doubt
ful.
The mania for office is on the in
crease. In our next we will discuss
the constitution from another stand
point- Respectfully,
CITIZEN.
The Southerner and Appeal says
that an old negro living on Mr. Davis’
place, within three miles of Irwinlou
made last year five heavy hales of
cotton and plenty of provisions to do
him this year, and his only help was
a little donkey not larger than a wire
grass two year old yearling. The
negro is over sixty years old.
Central Camp Ground.
The Building Committee, and all
parties interested, are hereby invited
to meet at the Camp Ground, near
Geneva, Thursday 12 o’clock, April
sth J. L. McGeHEk, P. E.
GOOD WATER GltOl'l MIL
ALWAYS ON HAND AT
E. G. Ivey & Bro’s Gris Mill
We have now and will keep constant
ly on hand at Mill. Fresh water ground
meal for sale cheap in any quantities to
suit customers. The supply will be
kept up all through the Spring, Sum
mer and Fall. Do not haul your bread
corn from the city during the busy sea
son, but come to us for it ready ground
into meal. E. G. IVEY & BRO.,
mcb72m Marion County.
“Timmons & simmonsT~
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
AMERICUS, GEORGIA.
Marh 1-1 yr.
New Advertisements-
N. G. PRINCE, 3. K. PRINCE.
N- C. & J. K. PRINCE,
MYlfcY, SASaS
FEED STABLE
dealers in
Horses, Mules, Carriages, Bug
gies, &c.
Horses, Buggies, Carriages and Hacks to lot
at reasonable rates—Good 6'lieds and Lots
for Stoek Drovers.
Cotton Avenue, Americus (in.
VC 3 Afoo llOuso,
Smiihville, Georgia.
U JL_
#®“Mcals on the arrival of all trains
Fare as good as the season affords.
Price, 50 coins a meal.
W Can’t bo made by every agent every
month in tbe huaineea we furnish, but
those willing to work can easily earn a
dozen dollars a day right iu their owu
localities. Have no room to cxulaiu here. Business
pleasant and honorable. Women, and boys and girls
and as well as men. We will furnish you a complete
Outfit free. The business pays better than anything
else. We will bear expense of star ing you. Partic
ulars free. Write and see. Farmers and mechanics,
their sons and da ghters. and all classes iu t eed of
paying work at home, should write to us and learna’tl
admit the work at once. Now is the time, Doul
belay. Address TRUE k CO., Augusta, Maine.
Application for Dismission.
GEORGIA —Marion County.
Whereas, Robert Cranford, A dm'r, Ac,
of Cyras W. Ross, dec’d, has applied for dis
mission from said estate. All persons inter
ested art hereby notified *f the above appli
cation. Witness my hand, Dec. 13.18 76.
decls-3m Jas M. Lowe, Ordy
Application for Dismission.
S ' EORGlA— Marion Count*.
\JT Whereas John W. slaughter. Admin’r
of Sarah Slaughter, has applied for dismission
—All persons interested are hereby notified of
the above application and required to file their
objections within the time specified by law.
Witness my hand. Jas. At. Lowe,
Jns-3m Ordinary.
,£>£- in vQCn"' r day at home. Samples worth $1
. to V / t free. Stinson A Cos., Portland, Maine
END sc. toG. P. ROWELL & CO., New YorkO
C Pamphletci 100 pages, containing lists oj 300
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BEAU TUB ANNOUNCEMENT
Murray Hill PublishingCo.
PUDflßllf* ®*SKASES Cured.
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learned and unlearned. Crammed lull of brand
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B. Foote, of 1!30 Lexington Avmni k. Sew
Vojik, is consulted by invalids nr home and
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experience of nearly a quarter <>!' century
in the treatment of long standing am! d.flicult dis
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Vi. '- ver j our malady, you will receive light
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..mu _ ulapuitioti’. Ac., Ac.
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Sample ct), c.
PfStJT > r! tications, Wowillsup
]k* Du. I'ootk/s Free Publica
| I ; ’ is. “ Gratuitous Adiice to the
Ai :k." t t a* util as at home ; a circular of
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a fsr ‘ 3 5,000 good Affcnte
fiß |a fr ■ can find employment. Ad-
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Publishing Company, JZast %St h Street t
Xeur 1’0r ...
The Lart.ea’ Bland-Book/
vf valuable information to every
woman, OI.D or T < >L'NG,/^^y # *
Married orf- ingle. LADIES
will lliauk ns for thin *****
!I n n(1-B o o k , iir.d no / ******
mother will fJFR*
to placing it in
iiamlsofhcrdaugli /'‘v/y f) 11 C
tus These Hand-/<- /
Books are
Emale (rcat-x'Vy’YSofboth
, A. X sex(!S > particularly
hut ar /fi>/Paralvsis. Apoplexy.
':iU and all ner
tor derangements ;
erai #.,r t pVtlieir Cause and Cure.
/This Essay will be found
cui, *'AKjydceply interesting to ail
lion. Asjfr/nervous sufferers. BOTH
EITHER of tbc foregoing
cACS/ HAND-BOOHS sent free to
address. Address, with
'Srstamp.N. Y.P. Cos. .Bedford,Mass.
Boots, Shoes & Hats
Of the Latest Most Fash
ionable* for Upring Ware,
AT THE SIGHOFP. F.BBGWfIf
On Lamar Street Americus da.
Hand Scitctl and Guarantees! citstoji
MaDb ,v wk Mold at low -
est cash Prices.
A. M. BRANNON,
J-*5 Broad Street, Coinmhus, Ga.
| l old and well-known
A. M. Brannon, Proprietor,
the many inducements to buy from me “sufficient m= ,1 m-/ 1 l y l unue cossary to enumerate
to buy whatever you wish from aFI ItsT-CL ] )RVr\rmiV make U to , n,UK int ‘'reat
107 0 , ..U ’ STOItL. come and see me at
I am Pr,,,a.c<i now t„W,
? ERC HAIVTB than ever Before.
decß ' 3m 3 1 A/’M. BRANNON.
J. 0. ANDREWS & CO,.
Wholesale and Retail Dealers in
Staple amt Fancy; Smceries,
LIQUORS, TOBACCO, BACON, BAGGING, ROPE
TIES. AC,
At?* X 32 €QL&MB(fg 9 G&m
feySpecinl nliipoincnts to Conn'ry Merchants.
BILCOX, GIBBS & co.’j*
Manipulated
Cr El* •
TIIO’S B. LUMPKIN is heady to take yooh orders for the same.
CIRTIFICATES OF PARTIES IN THIS COUNTY,
Who Used it Last Year-
The best I have ev-r used. j AS . L . Baker.
ilcox, Gibbs &l Cos. s Guano increased ray crop el cotton fully one-thir
or more last year. Henry G. Jackson.
I used Wilcox, Gibbs & Co.’s Guano last year with very decided benefit.
Th\>B. L. Rogers.
I used 1000 pounds of Wilcox, Gibbs k Co.’s Guano last year on 5 1 2
acres of poor pine land, which I am confident would not have made 250
pounds ot lint cotton (the 5 1-2 acres) without the Guano, and I gathered
’ q w. Pom,
MGMICHAEL & STEYMS
BUENTA VISTA, ga.
DEALERS IN
TAPLE DRYGOODS, NOTIONS, CLOTHING, HATB,
BOOTS ANDSHOES,
Hardware Family
and Patent Medicines
FANCY AND FAMILY GROCERIES
CROCKERY, TIN WARE, ETC,
Thankful for Past Favors, We Solicit your Trade for *the
coming year. Respectfully,
McMICHAEL & STJEVEA T !S-