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THE FOREST NEWS.
-HE JACKSON COUNTY )
Publishing company, i;
VOLUME 11.
jfe
PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY,
■ nekton County Publishing
? '" f Compan}.
OfERSOX, JACKSON CO., GA.
r Si \\\ COR. PUBLIC SQUARE, UP-STAIRS.
*_* , , ...
MALCOW STAFFORD,
VA SAGING AND business editor.
terms OF SUBSCRIPTION.
v > months $-2.00
*T i; “ 1.00
;;.. 3 “ so
or every Club of Ten subscribers, an ex
-311 i of the papef will be given. ,
JEFFERSON BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
XKW MAIL SCHEDULE.
/ej/Vvsou to Athens — William 11. Bird,
ontrojctor.
• flV c Jefferson, Tuesday, Thursday and
•day at 2 I*. M. Arrive at Athens by
IM
jvc Athens, Monday, Wednesday and
at 7A. M. Arrive at Jefferson by 12 M.
Jrfferson to Gainesville — J. N. Twitty,
Contractor.
a ve Jefferson, Monday, Wednesday and
jav at IP. M. Arrive at Gainesville by
pi ,
: e3 vc Gainesville, Tuesday, Thursday and
-Hay at 7A. M. Arrive at Jefferson by
Pi
Jafmoit to Latvrenceville — William P.
Betts, Contractor.
>ive Jefferson Saturday at IP. M. Ar
at Lawrenccville Monday, by 12 M.
jjjjve Lawrencevilte Friday at 1 P. M. Ar
,t at Jefferson Saturday by 12 M.
VXll'M. OFFICERS OF JEFFERSON.
v I. Pike, Mayor; J. P. Williamson, Sr., G.
\. Wilson. R. •!. Hancock, F. M. Bailey, Al
meu; T. 11. Niblack, Esq., Clerk & Treasur-
H'. F. Hunter, Marshal.
PROFESSIONS.
Physician's... J. J. Poster, N. W. Carithers,
ii,limit, C 11 Giles, W II Grecmvade. (Indian
4iT.)
Attv sat Law... J. B. Silman, W. I. Pike,
i. It. Miilialfey, W. C. Howard, M. M. Pitman,
f, Hinton, It. 8. Howard.
MERCHANTS.
Pfsdcr/rass A Hancock, F. M. Bailey, Stanley
Pinson.
MECHANICS.
IiRi’K.VTKKS...Joseph P. Williamson, Sen’r;
P. Williamson, Jr.; Warwick Wilson, Ed.
| -Hi. Mitchell Few, (col.)
lUknkss Maker... John G. Oakes.
Vauo.v Makers... Wm. Winburn, Monroe
IV, (col.)
kuuv Makers... L. & A. J Gilleland.
•i,a( ksmitu...C. T. Story, James Montgome
lixx'KH...John H. Chapman.
Taxxkks....J. E. it 11. J. Randolph, F S Smith.
IWr am> Shoe-Makers...X. B. Stark, under
•">t Saes ollice; Seaborn M. Stark, J W
•re. shops in the ** Billy Thompson” corner
lift-house; Henry Evans, (col.)
PißxrruKK Makers... Warwick Wilson, A J
■/.and.
HOTELS.
HN'iHiUMf House. by Mrs. Randolph.
v oth-K.\stkux Hotel, by John Simpkins.
Mic Hoarding House, by Mrs. Elizabeth
Main.
Woks. Sugars. &c...J. L. Hailey,
w and Saw-Mill and Gin... Long &
wdolpli.
hw-Mill and Gix.-.F. S. Smith.
m xrv SCHOOL DIRECTORY.
'■tin Institute. —J. W. Glenn, Principal; S.
"rr. Assistant; Miss M. E. Orr, Assistant;
“ Myrtie McCarty, Music.
MU Academy. —A G Strain, Principal.
"■ tit .{cademy. —Rev. P. F. Lamar, Prin.
Groce Academy. —R. S. Cheney, Prin-
M Academy. —,1. If. McCarty. Principal.
Creek Academy —Mrs. A. 0. P. Riden,
Acipal.
titimtf Church. —J. J. Mitchell, Principal.
.' 'ruler's Mill. —W. P. Newman, Prin.
mpson Academy, J. J. Boss, Principal.
l i and Ornamental Penmanship—Col. A. L.
'•e. Instructor.
GOl XT 1' OFFICERS .
J' 1 C. HOWARD, - - Ordinary.
\ PITTMAN, - - Judge Cos. Court.
XI BLACK, - - - Clerk S. Court.
iH HUNTER. Sheriff.
L WORSHAM, - - - Deputy “
JOHNSON, Treasurer.
r, WILLIAMSON, - - Tax Collector.
BROWN, Receiver.
( f 'I.. JOHNSON. - - County Surveyor.
1 - - - Coroner.
Cp- h ILSON, County School Commiss'r.
Regular Sessions County Court, 2nd and
"'"■ays each month.
■ ! 'iissioxkrs (Roads and Revenue.)-'Wm.
""R W. ,J. llaynie. W. G. Steed. Meet on
' nidays in August and November. T. H.
K**., Clerk.
Nrv 11 Education.—Robert White,
• 0. MeLester, James L. Johnson, J. L.
\\ ln . Thurmond.
Medical Card.
/ % P. DeLAPERRIERE laving complet
.. . " s -Medical course of studies at the L ni-
A" 1 —his native State —locates at
1 " r s old stand, where he will practice
all its branches, and will treat dis
, b*' l die most approved remedies known to
i-"I'-ssion. Returning thanks for the conti
' GUiitVstod hy the liberal patronage bestow-
V.'.'r * ! ' s past course of practice, he hopes hy
0 and constant guarding of every possible
A. I of patients, on his own part, together
" assistance of his father, to merit a con
■ . ! e °f the same. attention giv
ases of children and females. aplo
F. P. TALMADGE,
DEALER IN
AND IMPORTED WATCHES,
'locks, jewelii y, silver plated ware,
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, GUNS, PISTOLS, CARTRIDGES, &C.
CLOCKS JEWELRY REPAIRED
In a neat and workmanlike manner, and warranted to give entire satisfaction.
Ornamental ami I‘laln Letter Eugraving a Specialty.
I ION— College Avenue, one door from the Bookstore Corner, AIIIENvS, GA.
4 Mist, 137 G lv°
The I eople their own Rulers; Advancement in Education, Science, Agriculture and Southern Manufactures.
IDrofessionaf & business Sards.
HUNT, M. D. J. B . PENDERGRASS. M. D.
D R ihvWf Vr pk>pkrgrass
„ Having formed a partnership for the pur-
CchL P rf C th Ut " , r ed,C,ne 111 all the ™&us
h • f t f lc P rof ession, respectfully tender
their services to the citizens of the town and sur
rounding community. Office at Col. W. I. Pike’s
oldsUnd - july29
J. A. B. MAHAI-'FKY. W. S. >I*OARTY.
IVfAHAFFEY & McCARTY,
-LYX A T T O K NEYS AT LAW,
Jefferson, Jackson Cos. Ga.,
A\ ill practice anywhere for money, Prompt at
tention given to all business entrusted to their
care. Patronage solicited. OetJOly
DR. C. 1L GILES
OFFERS his professional services to the citizens
of-Jefferson and vicinity. Can be found at
the office recently occupied by Col. Malialtev.
Jan. 22, 187G—tf
B**’- WOFFORD, Attorney nt I,nw,
• HOMER, BANKS Cos., Ga.
AY ill practice in all the adjoining Counties, and
give prompt attention to all business entrusted to
his care. JBSaT' Collecting claims a specialty.
June 19th, 1875. i y
J. J. FLOYD, I j. b. SILMAN,
F Covington, Ga. | Jefferson, Ga.
LOYD & SI UM AX,
ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW.
AY ill practice together in the Superior Courts oi
the counties of Jackson and AY'alton.
junel2—ly
Wl* PIKE. Attorney nt I-ai,
• JEFFERSON, JACKSON CO., GA.
Practices in all the Courts, State and Federal.
Prompt and thorough attention given to all
kinds ot legal business in Jackson and adjoining
counties. June 12, 1875
WILEY C. HOWARD. ROB’T S. HOWARD.
HOWARD A HOWARD,
ATTORNEYS AT LAA\ r ,
Jefferson, Ga.
AY'ill practice together in all the Courts of Jack
son and adjacent counties, except the Court of
Ordinary of Jackson county. Sept Ist ’75
~STANLEY & PINSON,
JEFFERSON, GA.,
DEALERS in Dry Goods and Family Groce
ries. New supplies constantly received.
Cheap for Cash. Call and examine their stock.
June 19 ly
Dr. w. s. <% u eva vdk r.
SURGEON DENTIST,
Harmony Grove, Jackson Cos., Ga.
July 10th, 1875. 6m
SPUING AND SUMMER
stock: of
Millinery and Fancy Goods!
o
11 Its. T. A. ADA .US
A NNOUNCES to the public that she is now re
-11 ceiving a large and varied stock of Ladies’
Bonnets, Hats. Laces. Ribbons. Trimmings, Ac.,
which she is ottering at low prices. Call, exam
ine and be convinced. Next door to the Bank of
the University, Athens. Ga. April 15
THE REASON WHY
J. H. MUGGINS
Sells goods cheaper note, is because he
has adopted the
CASH SYSTEM!
The ready cash enables him to buy' goods very
low, and consequently he is offering to the public
every thing in his line, such as
All kinds of Crockery and Glass-ware , Lamps ,
Chandeliers, Farmers ’ Lanterns , Kerosene
Oil. at wholesale and retail; Family and
Fancy Groceries. Dry Goods , Boots ,
Shots, llats , Saddles , Harness
and Leather .
And also a large stock of ■.■ UK, both for build
ing and fertilizing purposes, all very low for the
CASH.
When you go to Athens, don’t forget to call on
J. H. HUGGINS. If you want KEROSENE OIL, at
wholesale or retail, he will supply you at the low
est price. If y’ou want CROCKER Y and
WARE, there’s the place to get it. Tf you want
TOBACCO. FLOUR. BACON. LARD , SU
GAR, COFFEE and MOLASSES, go there and
you will find it. If you want LIME, for building
or composting with lertilizers, go to
J. 11. HUGGINS’,
No. 7, Broad St., Athens.
the place. inarlS
DOBBINS’ STARCH POLISH!
A GREAT DISCOVERY,
By the use of which every family may give their
Linen that brilliant polish peculiar to fine laundry
work. Saving time and labor in ironing, more
than its entire cost. Warranted.
SOLD BY DRUGGISTS AND GROCERS EVERYWHERE.
ASK FOR DOBBINS'.
DOBBINS. BROS. & CO.,
juncl7 13 N. Fourth St., Phila.
1 DOUCIA, Jackson County.
Whereas, W J Roberts, Administrator of Mat
thew M Haines, late of said county, deceased, rep
resents, in his petition duly filed, that he has fully
administered said Matthew M Haines’ estate —
This is, therefore, to cite all persons concerned,
kindred and creditors, to show cause, if any they
can, why said Administrator should not be dis
charged from his administration, and receive Let
ters of Dismission on the Ist Monday in November,
1876.
Given under my signature, officially. July 17th,
1876. WILEY C. HOWARD,
july-20 Ordinary.
JiiAi, <1:1 vat home. Agents wanted. Outfit
3M £ and terms free. TRUE & CO., Augusta,
Maine. marll
JEFFERSON, JACKSON COUNTY, GA., SATURDAY, AUG’T 12, 1876.
PLATFORM
OF THE DEOCRATIC PARTY OF GEORGIA.
Adopted and Ratified in Convention,
August 2d, 1876.
AVe, the chosen representatives of the Demo
cratic party of Georgia, in State Convention as
sembled, do make the following declaration of po
litical principles and party purposes, and wc in
vite qvery lover of Constitutional liberty and good
government to co-operate with us in maintaining
and carrying the same into practical effect:
Resolved W. AVe re-avow our thorough identi
fication with the great National Democratic party
of the I nited States, and accept the platform of
principles and policy recently promulgated by
that party at St. Louis, Missouri.
2. fhe recent nomination by the National Dem
ocratic party of Samuel J. Tildcn. of New York,
for the office of President, and of Thomas A. Hen
dricks, of Indiana, fertile office of A'ice-President,
meets our hearty approval, and we do hereby
pledge our Democratic brethren, North, South,
East and West, that we will put forth the most
active,"earnest and energetic efforts to secure the
triumphant election of these distinguished citizens
to the high offices for which they have been named
as candidates.
3. AYe declare, without equivocation, that we
are decidedly and firmly in favor of retrenchment
and reform in the administration of every depart
ment of the government, State as well as Federal,
and we sincerely rejoice that the National party
with which wc are identified has placed itself defi
nitely and squarely upon a platform that begins,
continues and ends with the doctrine of purifica
tion and reform in every place, and in everything
connected with the government and its adminis
tration.
4. AY r e do hereby specially enjoin upon the nom
inee of this Convention, if the nomination shall be
confirmed by the people, to carry into full practi
cal effect the principles of retrenchment and re
form hereinbefore set forth, and his acceptance of
the candidature to which we invite him, will be
deemed a distinct pledge on his part that, if elect
ed, lie will exert the influence and power of his
office as to reduce taxation, lessen the public ex
penditures, and lift, as far as in him lies, the incu
bus of “hard times” from the people.
5. AYe hereby pledge to the people of Georgia
our earnest efforts and zealous co-operation to
perpetuate a just, impartial and economical ad
ministration of the affairs of the State, to the end
that law and order may be obtained, the public
peace preserved, labor disburdened and energized,
confidence between man and man restored, and
the prosperity and happiness of the whole people
placed upon a sound and enduring basis.
JAUUSON COUNTY DEIIOLRATIC
EXECUTIVE C 1 OilM ITT EE.
The members of the Executive Committee
of the Jackson C§kity Democracy are re
quested to meet at the Court House in Jef
ferson, at 10 o’clock, a. m., on Wednesday,
16th August, 1876. As business of impor
tance will be attended to, every member is
expected to be present. AY. I. Pike,
Aug. 3d, 1876. Chairman.
IdF 3 Appended arc the names of the gentle
men composing the committee:
G. E. Deadwyler, J. F. Harrison. AY r . AY'.
Jackson, L. Y. Bradberry, D. L. Hancock,
S. G. Arnold, AY. B. J. Hardeman, J. H.
Rhinehardt, AY. C. Howard, AY. J. Colquitt,
A. C. Thompson, R. H. Boon.
To lUc Democracy of llte Xiinlli Con
gressional District.
I would herebj’’ notify the Democratic par
ty of the Ninth Congressional District, and
the Committee-men of the different counties
in the District, to hold their primary meet
ings for the purpose of electing delegates to
a Democratic Convention to be held at the
city of Gainesville, on the 13th of September
next, to nominate a candidate for Congress.
John Hockenhull, Chm’n
Dem. Executive Com.
BFDistrict papers please copy.
A Noble Showing and Painful Contrast.
Gwinnett county cultivates the present
year in corn 32,825 acres, wheat 11,934, oats
5,956, rye 141, field peas 2,044, clover 81,
cotton 15,651, tobacco 34, sorghum 671, ground
peas 19, sweet potatoes 640, melons 109, gar
dens 250, orchards 2,188. Total number of
acres in cultivation, 73,447.
But, now mark the fact, only three hundred
and forty-five hired hands have been employ
ed in the whole county.
All that vast area is sowed, ploughed, hoed
and harvested by the sturdy white sons of
the soil, who are rapidly growing comfortable
and independent.
This is very evident when we read that the
farmers keep 2,577 milch cows, own 11,143
hogs, 5,844 sheep, 455 goats, 2,841 horses
and mules, and will slaughter next winter
5,936 fat hogs. They also raised last year
308,214 bushels of corn, 49,521 bushels wheat,
35,659 bushels sweet potatoes, 1,680 bushels
Irish potatoes, 29,221 gallons syrup, 2,427
bushels peas, 2,890 pounds tobacco, 3,755,199
pounds fodder, and sold 5.322 bales of cotton,
5,510 pounds of wool, 7/21G pounds of honey,
besides a large amount of dried fruit, wine,
etc., etc.
As stated above, all these vast products
were reared by white labor save an insignifi
cant portion, and generally by the owners of
the land and their sons. This looks like
thrift and plenty once more and the harbin
ger of better times.
But how stands the record in Chatham
county where only negroes till the soil ? There
the whole number of milch cows is 244 ; work
oxen, 22; horses and mules, 224; whole
number of hogs, 474, with 40 to kill next fall;
only 104 sheep ; 5 goats; 2 white laborers,
and 726 colored. What a contrast. And yet
there are no richer lands in Georgia than are
to be found in Chatham. The negroes work
as little as possible and steal all they can
lav their hands upon. And that comprises
the whole story.— Macon Telegraph.
four dollars ia advaace
Will pay for a standing announcement in the
Forest News, for any candidate through the
campaign.
The Sagacity of Elephants.
IIOW TJIKY CONDUCTED THEMSELVES IN THE
GREAT IOWA STORM.
Hote's circus was showing at Indianola
when the storm of the fourth came on, and
because of injury to the railroad was compel
led to remain there until the track was tem
porarily repaired, Friday evening. Then the
circus started for their next place of exhibi
tion. When about eight mile 9 out one corner
of the bridge gave way, and three cars con
taining animals ran off the track, and turned
over into the mud very gentty. The first car
contained horses, the second an elk and
camel, the other three the five elephants. The
small animals were easily liberated, but the
eicph#*ts were all in a heap. To remove
them the car was cut away, exposing the tops
of the unwieldy animals’ backs. Then was
exhibited the intelligence which marks these
half human brutes. They obey every com
mand of the keeper, crawling on their knees,
turning on their sides, squirming like eels,
and assuming more wonderful and novel posi
tions than was described on the show bills.
AY hen released from their perilous position
there was not a scratch upon them, and no
school-boy ever gave more emphatic expres
sion of relief from confinement as did those
five elephants. They trumpeted, swayed
back and forth, and did everything but talk.
The remaining distance to the city was made
overland, and a happier crew never started
on than were those animals. The cool, breezy
atmosphere, and the bright moonlight were
all inspiring. As the bridges were gone at
each stream, the elephants took fresh enjoy
ment of their liberty. At no time were they
obstinate and disobedient, but seemed to
realize the situation. On arriving at Des
Moines, railroad cars had to be procured,
which was not easily done, as ordinary cars
are too low. Some were finally found, which
were about one inch higher than the tallest
elephant’s back. They were brought along
side and the platform properly placed, when
“ Jack” noticed that it was a strange ear,
seized the door frame with his trunk, gave it
a vigorous shake, and then tried the fioor.—
Satisfied that it was strong, he marched slowly
in the car, placed himself lengthwise, gave a
rocking motion, and humped up his back. A
bolt overhead hit his back, and he marched
straight out of the car. “It’s no use,” said
the keeper, “he won’t go back there again.”
The ribs which supported the roof were re
moved, the elephants closely watching the
operation. A\ r hen this was done “Jack” went
in, swayed the car, humped his back, found
everything all right, trumpeted his satisfac
tion, and went to eating. —Davenport Demo
crat.
The Resurrection.
Reflection the other day upon the sad state
of the churches at the prsent moment, I was
led to apostolic times, and to consider wriicre
in the preaching of the present day differed
from the preaching of the apostles, I re
marked the vast difference in their style
from the set and formal oratory of the pres
ent age. But the main difference I observed
was in the subjects of their preaching. Sur
prised I was when I discovered that the verj r
staple of the preaching of the apostles was
the resurrection of the dead. The apostles
when they preached, always testified concern
ing the resurrection of Jesus, and the conse
quent resurrection of the dead. It appears
that the Alpha and Omega of their gospel
was the testimony that Jesus died and arose
again from the dead acccording to the Scrip
tures.—Spurgeon.
One remark I cannot help making: the
doctrine of the resurrection appears to have
been thought of more consequence among the
primitive Christians than it is now. llow is
this ? The apostles were continually insisting
on it; and exciting the followers of God to
diligence, obedience, and cheerfulness through
it; and their successors in the present day
seldom mention it. There i6 not a doctrine
in the gospel on which more stress is laid,
and there is not a doctrine in the present
system of preaching which is treated with
more neglect. —Adam Clarke.
To the Medical Profession of Georgia.
Gentlemen : —ln 1874 a few of the surgeons
in our late civil war organized in Atlanta, Ga.,
an association called “The Association of
Medical. Con federate Officers.” The second
annual session of said association was held
in Richmond, Va. in 1875, at which time I
was appointed a Committee on Necrology for
the State of Georgia. As I wish to make a
full report at the next annual meeting in
Richmond, next October, I beg of you to send
me the following statistics of any medical
officer who died during or since the war. G ive
full name, ase, date and circumstances of
death, date of entering the service, command
to which he belonged, date of promotion (if
any), changes and time of change that might
have been made in his servive, together with a
short biographical sketch of his life and any
other fact in connection that may be of inter
est. If you cannot furnish all the above re
quirements, give such as you can, as the as
sociation desires to perpetuate the names and
memories of all those noble men who, with
the soldiery, sacrificed their all to our com
mon cause.
The press of G eorgia is requested to gi vie no
tice of the above, and although I receive no
remuneration for niv services, if any charges
are made send bill to me and I will pay it.
Address, T. F. Walked, M. D.,
Cochran, Ga.
THE VOICE OF REFORM.
OUR NEXT PRESIDENT’S LETTER OF AC
CEPTANCE.
New York, August 4. —The following is
Gov. Tildcn’s Letter of Acceptance :
Albany, N. Y., July 31st, 1876.
Gentlemen :—When I had the honor to re
ceive a personal delivery of your letter, on
behalf of the democratic national convention,
held on the 28th of June, at St. Louis, advis
ing me of my nomination as the candidate of
the constituency represented by that body,
for the presidency of the United States, I an
swered that at my earliest convenience, and in
conformity with usage, I would prepare and
transmit to you a formal letter of acceptance.
I now avail myself of the first interval in una
voidable occupations to fill that engagement.
The convention, before making its nomina
tions adopted a declaration of principles
which as a whole, seem to me a wise exposi
tion of the necessities of our country and of
the reforms needed to bring back the govern
ment to its true functions, to restore purity of
administration and to renew the prosperity of
the people. But, some of these reforms are
so urgent that they claim more than a pas
sing approval.
REFORM IN PUBLIC EXPENSE.
The necessity of a reform in the scale of
public expense, federal, state and municipal,
and in modes of federal taxation, justifies all
the prominence given to it in the declaration
of the St. Louis convention. The present de
pression in all the business and industries of
the people, which is depriving labor of its
employment and carrying want into so many
homes, has its principal cause in excessive
governmental consumption under the illusion
of a specious prosperity, engendered b} r the
false policies of the federal government. A
waste of capital has been going on ever since
the peaccc of 18G5, which could only end in
usiversal disaster. The federal taxes of the
last eleven years reach the gigantic sum of
$4,500,000,000. Local taxation has amount
ed to two-thirds as much more, and the vast
aggregate is not less than $7,500,000,000.
This enormous taxation followed a civil war
that had greatly impaired our aggregate
wealth, and had made a prompt reduction in
expense indispensable. It was aggravated
by most unscientific and ill-advised methods
of taxation that increased the sacrifices of the
people far byond the receipts of the treasun\
It was aggravated more by a financial policy
which tended to diminish the energy, skill
and economy of production and the frugality
of private consumption, and induced miscal
culation in business and an unremunerative
use of capital and labor. Even in prospe
rous times the daily wants of industrious
communities press closely upon their daily
earnings.
The margin of possible national savings is
at best a small per centage of national earn
ings ; yet now, for these eleven years, govern
mental conumption has been a larger portion
of the national earnings than the whole people
can possibly save, even in prosperous times,
for all new investment. The consequences
of these errors are now a present public ca
lamity, but they were never doubtful, never
invisible. They were necessary and inevita
ble, and were foreseen and depicted when the
wave of that ficticious prosperity run highest.
In a speech made by me on the 24th of Sep
tember, 1867, it was said of these taxes :
“They bear heavily upon every man’s in
come, upon every industry and every busi
ness in the country, and year by j’ear they
are destined to press still more heavily un
less we arrest the system that gives rise to
them.” It was comparatively easy when
values were doubling under repeated issues
of legal tender paper money to pay out of the
froth of our growing and apparent wealth
taxes, but when values recede and sink to
ward their natural scale, the tax-gatherer
takes from 11s not only our income, not only
our profits, but also a portion of our capital.
Ido not wish to exaggerate or alarm. I sim
ply say that we cannot afford the costly and
ruinous policy of the Radical majority of Con
gress ; we cannot afford that policy towards
the South ; we cannot afford the magnificent
and oppressive centralism into which our
Government is being converted ; we cannot
afford the present magnificent scale of taxa
tion. To the Secretary of the Treasury I
said, early in 1860, there is no royal road for
a Government more than for an individual or
a corporation. What you want to do now is
to cut down your expenses and live within
your income. I would give all the legerder
main of finance and financiering, I would give
the whole of it for the old homely maxim,
“Live within your income.” This reform will
be resisted at everv step, but it must be press
ed persistently. We see to-day the immedi
ate representatives of the people in one branch
of Congress, while struggling to reduce ex
penditures. compelled to confront the menace
of the Senate and the Executive, that, unless
the objectionable appropriation be consented
to, the operations of the Government there
under shall suffer detriment or cease. In my
judgment an amendment of the Constitution
ought to be devised separating into distinct
bills the appropriations for the various de
partments of the public service, and exclud
ing from each bill all appropriations for other
objects and all independent legislation. In
that way alone can the revisory power of each
of the two Houses and of the Executive be
preserved and exempted from the moral duress
which often compels assent to objectionable
appropriations rather than stop the wheels of
Government.
tiii: south.
An accessory cause, enhancing the distress
in business, is to be found in the S3'stematic
and insupportable mis-government imposed
on the States of the South. Besides the or
dinary effects of ignorant and dishonest ad
ministration, it has inflicted upon them
enormous issues of fraudulent bonds, the
scanty avails of which were wasted or stolen,
and the existence of which is a public dis
credit, leading to bankruptcy or repudiation.
The taxes generally arc oppressive ; in some
instances they have confiscated the entire in
come of property and totally destroyed its
market value. It is impossible that those
evils should not react upon the prosperity of
the whole country. The noble motives of
S TERMS, $2.00 PER ANNUM.
} SI.OO FOR SIX MONTHS.
humanity concur with the material interests
of all in requiring that every obstacle be re*
moved to a complete and durable reconcilia
tion between kindred people once unnaturally
estranged on the basis recognized by the St*
Louis platform—of the Constitution of the
United States with its amendments univer*
sally accepted as a final settlement of the
controversies which engendered civil war.
Hut in aid of a result so beneficent the moral
influence of every citizen as well as every
governmental authority ought to be exerted,
not alone to maintain their just equality be
fore the law, but likewise to establish cordial,
fraternal good will among all citizens, what
ever their race or color, who are now united
in the one destiny of common self-govern
ment.. If the duty shall be assigned to me I
should not fail to exercise the power with
which the laws and the Constitution of our
country clothe its Chief Magistrate to protect
all its citizens, whatever their former condi
tion, in every political and personal right.
CURRENCY REFORM.
Reform is necessary, declares the St. Louis
Convention, to establish a sound currency,
restore the public credit and maintain the
national honor, and it goes on to demand a
judicious system of preparation by public
economies, by official retrenchments and by
wise finance, which shall enable the nation
soon to assure the whole world of its perfect
ability and perfect readiness to meet any of
its promises at the call of the creditor enti
tled to paj'ment. The objects demanded b} r
the Convention is a resumption of specie pay
ments on the legal tender notes of the United
States. That would not only restore the pub
lic credit and maintain the National honor,
but it would establish a sound currency for
the people. The methods by which this ob
ject is to be pursued and the means by wdiicli
it is to be obtained are disclosed b} r what the
Convention demanded for the future and by
what it denounced in the past.
BANK NOTE RESUMPTION.
Resumption of specie payments by the Go
vernment of the United States on its legal
tender notes, would establish specie payments
by all the banks on all their notes. Official
statements on the loth of May show the
amounts of the bank notes was $300,000,000,
less $20,000,000 held by themselves. Against
these two hundred and eighty millions of
notes the banks held $141,000,000 of legal
tender notes, or a little more than 50 per
cent, of the amount, but they also had a de
posit in the Federal Treasury, as security for
these notes, bonds of the United States worth
in gold about $360,000,000, available and
current in all the foreign mone}’ markets. In
resuming, the banks, even were it possible for
all their notes to be presented for payment,
would have $500,000,000 of specie funds to
pay $280,000,000 of notes, without contract
ing their loans to their customers or calling
on any private debtor for payment. Suspend
ed banks undertaking to resume have usually
been obliged to collect from needy borrowers
the means to redeem excessive issues and
provide revenues. A vague idea of distress
is therefore often associated with the process
of resumption, but the conditions which caus
ed distress in these former instances do not
exist. The Government has only to make
good its promises and the banks can take care
of themselves without distressing anybody.
The Government is, therefore, tho sole de
linquent.
LEGAL TENDER RESUMPTION.
The amount of the legal tender notes of
the United States now outstanding is less
than $370,000,000, besides $34,000,000 of
fractional currency. How shall the Govern
ment make these notes at all times as good
as specie ? It has to provide in reference to
the mass which would be kept in use by the
wants of business a central reservoir of coin,
adequate to the adjustment of the temporary
fluctuations of international balances, and as
a guaranty against transient drains artificially
created by panic or by speculation. It has
also to provide for payment of such fractions]
currency as may be presented for redemption
and such inconsiderable portions of the legal
tenders as individuals from time to time may
desire to convert for special use or in order
to lay by in coin their little stores of money.
RESUMPTION NOT DIFFICULT.
To make the coin in the Treasury avail
able for this reserve, to gradually strengthen
and enlarge that reserve, and to provide for
such other exceptional demands for coin as
may arise, does not seem to me to be a work
of difficulty, if wisely planned and discretely
pursued. It ought not to cost any saerfffee
to the business of the country. It should
tend, on the contrarj’, to a revival *>f hope
and confidence, The coin in the Treasury
on the 30th of June, including what is held
against coin certificates, amounted to nearly
$7,000,000. The current of precious metals
which has flowed out of our country for eleven
years from July 1, 1865, to June 30, 1876
averaging nearly $76,000,000 a year—was
$832,000,000 in the whole period, of which
$617,000,000 were the product of onr own
mines. To amass the requisite quantities by
intercepting from the current flowing ont
from the country, and by acquiring from the
stocks which exist abroad, witnont disturbing
the equilibrium of foreign money markets, is
a result to be easily marked out by practical
knowledge and judgment. With respect to
whatever surplus of legal tenders the wants
of business may fail to keep in use, and which
in order to save interest will be returned for
redemption, they can be cither paid or they
can be funded. Whether they continue as
currency or be absorbed into the vast mass of
securities held as investments, is merely a
question of the rate of interest they draw.
Even if they were to remain in their present
form and the Government were to agree to
pay on them a rate of interest making them
desirable as investments, the}’ w’ould cease
to circulate and take their place with Govern
ment, State, municipal and other corporate
and private bonds, of which thousand of mil
lions exist among 11s. In the perfect ease
with which they can be changed from curren
cy into investments lies the only danger to
be guarded against. The adoption of any
general measures to remove a clearly ascer
tained surplus—that is, the withdrawal of any
which are not a permanent excess beyond
the rates of business. Even more mischiev-
NUMBER 10.