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Farm Work for January.
Mow Jo Yon Stand?— One cannot lay out
Ilia work to advantage, without knowing
precisely how he stands with regard to his
business. The beginning of the year is the
appropriate time for ascertaining it. Fre
quently an account of business is kept for a
month or two. and then neglected. If it is
only to encourage habits of regularity and
perseverance, it will be time well spent to
keep an account, not only of money alfairs,
but a record of events for every da)'. This
tends to beget promptness and system in
every detail of farm work, and in business
affairs, that foresight and economy which are
everywhere the prime essentials to success.
Keep a Record of tho events of each da)'’B
work, and farm life. One of the boys or
girls should do this. A book will be needed,
ruled with plain lines, on which to make the
entries; put down the condition of the
weather, the work done, and by whom;
purchases and sales made, indeed, anything
that may be needed for future reference, or
that should be entered in the account book,
which will thus become a valuable and
interesting record of the farm.
Make an Inventory. —Put down everything
you possess, from the farm itself, to the
email tools and utensils, and value each item
fairl)\ Enter the money on hand, and also
every debt owed. This is the first work in
beginning an account. The property owned,
and money on hand, will be on one side of
the account, and the debts on the other. The
balance will show just how the farmer stands.
This account will be the Account o f Stock.
Purchases and Sides, arc entered in the
daily record, and from that into a purchase
and sale book ; except the cash transactions,
which go into the cash book.
The Cash Book. —Every payment and
receipt of money for purchases, sales, or for
wages, should be entered in the cash book ;
this should be done every evening, and
before it is forgotten ; all these entries are
transferred to a ledger to the proper accounts.
The work is very simple and easy, and there
are farmer's girls who keep all their father’s
accounts in the most accurate manner.
Fuller directions for keeping farm accounts,
were given in the American Agriculturist for
January and February, 1870.
Hiring Men. — A farmer should try to make
work for a hired man, or several if possible.
If he can find profitable work for them, he is
making money for himself. A few months
wages spent in procuring or making manure,
draining, clearing olf stone, getting out
stumps, or otherwise making the farm more
productive, will he well invested.
7> the Stables Clean; dear out the
manure every morning, and scrape or card
off all filth from the animals. The stable
stxndd be made so warm that the manure
will not freeze at night; a lower temperature
will either demand a larger amount of food,
or the animals will fall off in condition.
Cut the Litter. —lf the litter is cut into
3-inch lengths, or even smaller, it will hold
more moisture, will make better and finer
manure, and will keep .the animals cleaner
than long litter. The gain in the quality of
the manure, in one year, the saving in time
in the handling, and increased effectiveness
of it. will pay good iutcrest on the cost of a
wind-mill, and a fodder cutter, to do the
xvtftting. But, if the stormy and disagreeable
clays are chosen to cut up straw for this
purpose, an abundant supply can be made.
A broad axe can be purchased for $2.50,
JUld with this and a block, a sheaf of straw
may be cut into 3-inch chaff, in half a
minute. Two persons, one to hold tiie sheaf
or. tfie block or plank, and the other to use
the axe, would soon cut lip a ton of straw.
Where hard-wood sawdust, dry swamp
nmek, or pine straw can be procured, these
make excellent litter and manure.
Economy in Feeding, is a very important
consideration. In some case* half the feed
used is wasted. Cutting the fodder has
proved a saving of one-third to one-half.
Where but 10 head of stock are fed, if the
feed of one-third or one-half can be saved,
it is simply a large increase of the resources
of the farm, and is sufficient to pay the cost
of a good cutter and the time expended in
■cutting.
Watering Stock. —The supply of water in
winter is a source of trouble. Ice gathers
about thc.troughs and other drinking places ;
pipes freeze and burst, or become choked,
and atan v'other i neon yen fences occur. These
may be avoided by methodical management.
Have regular watering periods, twice a dav.
Fill the troughs from the pumps or cisterns,
and drive the cattle to them and see that they
drink. When all are supplied, empty the
troughs, and either cover them or turn them
over. Have no flowing water in the 3’ards
to waste and freeze, or become ice cold for
drinking. A cold drink will reduce the milk
from the cows 10 per cent, or more.—
American Agriculturist for Jan. 1, 1880.
Economy in a Family.
There is nothing which goes so far toward
placing young people beyond the reach of
poverty as economy in the management of
their domestic affairs. It matters not whether
a man furnish little or much for his family if
there is a continual leakage in his kitchen or
in the parlor; it runs away he kuows not
how, and that demon waste cries “ more,”
hke the horseleech's daughter, until he that
provided has no more to give. It is the
husband s dut)’ to bring into the house, and
it is Ihe doty of the wife to see that none
goes wrongfully outof it— nottheleast article,
however unimportant iu itself, for it estab
lishes a precedent: nor under 11113' pretence,
lor it opens the door for ruin to stalk in, and
i.e seldom leaves an opportunity’ unimproved,
A man gets a wile to look after his affairs,
to assist him iu his journey* through life.
** u vcalq and prepare his children for xi
proper station in life, and not to dissipate
his property. The husband’s interest should
be the wife’s care, and her greatest ambition
carry her no farther than his welfare or hap
piness, together with that of her children.
This should be her sole aim, and the theater
of her exploits is the bosom of her family,
where she may do as much toward making a
fortune as ho can in the counting-house or
the workshop.
It is not the money earned that makes a
man wealthy—it is what he saves from his
corning. A good and prudent husband makes
a deposit of the fruits of his labor with his
best friend ; and if that friend be not true
to him, what has he to hope? If he dare not
place confidence in the companion of his
bosom, where is he to place it? A wife acts
not for herself alone, but sho is the agent of
many sho lores, and she is bound to act for
their good and not for her own gratification.
Her husband’s good is the end at which she
should aim—his approbation is her reward.
| Self-gratification in dress, or indulgence in
, appetite, or more company than his purse can
well entertain, are equally pernicious. The
j first adds vanity to extravagance—the second
fastens a doctor's bill to a long butcher’s ac
count—and the latter brings intemperance,
the worst of all evils, in its train.— Chicago
Ledger.
Uses of the Potato.
In France farina made from potatoes Is
largely used for culinary purposes. The
famed gravies, sauces, and soups of France
are largely indebted for their excellence to
that source, and its bread and pastry equally
so, while a great deal of the so-called cognac,
imported into England from France, is the
product of the potato, Throughout Germa
ny tiie same uses are common. In Poland
the manufacture of spirits from the potato is
a most extensive trade. “ Stettin brandy,”
well known in commerce, is largely imported
into England, and is sent from thence to
many of her foreign possessions as the pro
duce of the grape, and is placed on many a
table of England as the same, while the fair
ladies of our country perfume themselves
with the spirit of potato, under the designa
tion euu de Cologne. But there are other
uses this esculent is turned to abroad. After
extracting the farina the pulp is manufact
ured into ornamental articles, such as pic
ture-frames, Bnull’boxes, and several descrip
tions of toys, and the water that runs from
it in the process of manufacture is a most
valuable scourer. For perfectly cleansing
woolens and such-like articles, it is the
housewife's panacea, and if the washerwoman
happens to have chilblains she becomes cured
by the operation.
Manuring in China.
A Scottish friend, who passed many yefirs
of his life in China, was good enough, some
time ago. to give us an account of his obser
vations there, in an agricultural way. Noth
ing that will serve as manure is lost or wasted.
Human excreta are iiis chief resorts. Earth
en jars of every largo capacity are sunk into
the ground. Into these all the manure mate
rials are put, when water is added, and the
mass stirred, from time to time, until every
thing is dissolved that can be brought to that
condition. It is then taken out by the pail
ful and applied to the root of the plant with
a little dipper. The Chinaman broadcasts
no manures, as he sows nothing broadcast;
he always applies it in a liquid shape, and
directly to the plant; and it is notorious that
few anywhere in the world can heat him as
an agriculturist. —Southern Planter and
Fumter.
* ♦ -4^*- — .
There is a story of a nobleman who, when
his purse was demanded, said to the high
wayraan all right, but who’s that fellow
looking over your shoulder, aud straightwa)'
shot the fellow dead as lie turned to see.
Mr. Thrupp. now superintending an Angle-.
Italinn rairoad contiact near Naples, is a'
chip of this block apparently. When bri
gands stopped him the other night he pre
tended to put his hand on a revolver, though
he had none, and when told to remove it, or
he would be shot, continued to parley with
his assailants until the opportune arrival of
the diligence put them to flight.
A Dekota man was moving his family into
anew house, and left his stove for the last
trip. Within a hundred steps of the house
his wife was taken ill. Leaving tlio two
youngest children in n dry goods hex on the
hand sleigh, he helped her and two older
children into the house, where, in order to
prevent their fretting, they were all put to
bed. lie then returned for the two children,
and was frozen to death before lie reached
them. The wife lay in bed until the next
day without fire or food. The father lay dead
near the corpses of his two boys in the box.
but, although the children in bed with their
mother were frozen nearly to death, it is be
lieved that the}* will recover.
A page of the Czar’s dairy*, if we m?.}’ be
lieve the San Francisco News Letter, runs as
follows: “Got up at 7 A. M., and ordered
my bath. Found four gallons of vitrol in it.
and did not take it. Went to breakfast.
I'iie Nihilist had placed two torpedoes on the
stairs, but I did not step on them. The cof
fee smelt so strongly of prussic acid that I
was afraid to drink it. Found a scorpion
in mv left slipper, but luckily shook it out
before putting it on just before stepping into
the carriage to go for my morning drive, it
was blown into tho air. killing the coachman
and the horses instantly. I did not drive.
Took a light lunch off hermetically sealed
American canned goods. The}’ can’t fool
me there. Found a poisoned dagger in m3’
favorite chair, with the point sticking out.
Did not sit down on it. Had dinner at 6P.
M., and made Baron Laischonnowonski taste
every dish. lie died befoe the soup was
cleared a way. Consumed some Baltimore
oysters and some London stout that I have
had looked up for five 3*ears. Went to the
theatre, and was shot at three times in the
first act. Had the entire audience hanged.
Went home to bed, and slept all night on
the roof of tiie palace.”
/>; A \\ ELK in your own town, and no
V capital risked. Yon can give the bu
best opportunity ever ottered for those willing to
work. You should try nothing else untUyousee
(or yourself what you can do at the business we
oiler. No room to exphun*here. You can devote
all your time or only 3 our spare time to the busi
ness, and make great pa\’ for ever}' hour that you
work. "NY omen make as much as men.. Send for
special private terras and particulars, which we
mail free. $5 Outfit free. Don't complain ofhard
times while you have such a chance. Address II
U ALLEY! it CO.. Portland.. Maine. juel3
THE SUN FOR 1880.
The Sun will deal with the events of the year J
1880 in its own fashion, now pretty well under
stood by everybody. From January 1 until Dc-;
cember 31, will be conducted as a newspaper. 1
written in the English language, and printed for j
the people.
Asa newspaper. The Sun believes in getting j
all the news of the world promptly, and present- j
ing it in the most intelligible shape—the shape !
that will enable its readers to keep well abreast
of the age with the least unproductive expenditure j
of time. The greatest interest to the greatest
number—that is, the law controlling its daily
make-up. It now has a circulation very much
larger than that of any other American newspa
per, and enjoys an income which it is at all times
prepared to spend liberally for the benefit of its
readers. People of all conditions of life and all
ways of thinking buy and read The Sun ; and
they all derive satisfaction of some sort from its
columns, for they keep on buying and reading it.
In its comments on men and affairs, The Sun
believes that the only guide of policy should bo
common sense, inspired by genuine American
principles and backed by honesty of purpose.
For this reason it is, and will continue to be,
absolutely independent of party, class, clique,
organization, or interest. It is for all, but of
none. It will continue to praise what is good
and reprobate what is evil, taking care that its
language is to the point and plain, beyond the
possibility of being misunderstood. It is unin
iiuenced by motives that do not appear on the
surface ; it has no opinions to sell, save those
which may be had by any purchaser with two
cents. It hates injustice and rascality even more
than it hates unnecessary words. It abhors
frauds, pities fools, and deplores nincompoops of
every species. It will continue throughout the
year ISSO to chastise the first class, instruct the
second, and discountenance the third. All honest
men, with honest convictions, whether sound or
mistaken, are its friends. And The Sun makes
no bones of telling the truth to its friends and
about its friends whenever occasion arises for
plain speaking.
These are the principles upon which The Sun
will be conducted during the year to come.
Tiie year 1880 will be one in which no patriotic
American can ailord to close his eyes to public
affairs. It is impossible to exaggerate the impor
tance of the political events which it has in store,
or the necessity of resolute vigilance on the part
of every citizen who desires to preserve the Gov
ernment that the founders gave us. The debates
and acts of Congress, the utterances of the press,
the exciting contests of the Republican and Dem
ocratic parties, now nearly equal in strength
throughout the country, tho varying drift of
public sentiment, will all bear directly and effect
ively upon the twenty-fourth Presidential election,
to be held in November. Four years ago next
November the will of the nation, as expressed at
the polls, was thwarted by an abominable con
spiracy, the promoters and beneficiaries of which
still hold the offices they stole. Will the crime
of 1870 be repeated in 1880? The past decade of
years opened with a corrupt, extravagant, and
insolent Administration intrenched at Washing
ton. The Sun did something toward dislodging
the gang and breaking its power. The same men
are now intriguing to restore their leader and
themselves to places from which they were driven
by the indignation of the peoplo. Will they suc
ceed? The coming year will bring the answers
to these momentous questions. The Sun will
be on hand to chronicle the facts as they are
developed, and to exhibit them clearly and fear
lessly in their relations to expediency and right.
Thus, with a habit of philosophical good humor
in looking at the minor affairs of life, and in great
things a steadfast purpose to maintain the rights
of the people and the principles of the Constitution
against all aggressors, The Sun is prepared to
write a truthful, instructive, and at the same time
entertaining history of 1880.
Our rates of subscription remain unchanged.
For the Daily Sun, a four-page sheet of twenty
eight columns, the price by mail, post-paid, is
55 cents a month, or £6.50 a year ; or, including
the Sunday paper, an eight-page sheet of tifty-six
columns, the price is 65 cents a month, or £7.70
a year, postage paid.
The Sunday edition of The Sun is also furnish
ed separately at $1.20 a year, postage paid.
The price of the Weekly Sun, eight pages,
fifty-six columns, is $1 a year, postage paid.
For clubs of ten sending $lO we will send an extra
copy free.
Address, I. W. ENGLAND,
Publishers of The Sun, New York City.
The Atlanta Constitution.
During the coming year—a year that will wit
ness the progress and culmination of the most in
teresting political contest that has ever taken
place in this country —over}’ citizen and ever}’
thoughtful person will be compelled to rely upon
the newspapers for information. Why not get the
best ? Abroad Tub Constitution is rocognized,
referred to and quoted from as the leading south
ern journal—as the organ and vehicle of the best
southern thought and opinion—and at home its
columns arc consulted for the latest news, the
freshest comment, and for all matters of special
and current interest. The Constitution con
tains more and later telegraphic news than any
other Georgia paper, and this particular feature
will be largely added to during the coming year.
All its facilities for gathering the latest news from
all parts of the country will be enlarged and sup
plemented. The Constitution is both chroni
cler and commentator. Its editorial opinions, its
contributions to the drift of current discussion, its
humorous and satirical paragraphs, arc copied
from one end of the country to the other. It aims
always to be the brightest and the best—newsy,
original and piquant. It aims particularly to give
the news impartially and fully, and to keep its
readers informed of the drift of current discussion
by liberal but concise quotations from all its con
temporaries. It aims, m short, to more than ever
deserve to be known as “the leading southern
newspaper.” Bill Arp will continue to contribute
his unique letters, which grow in savory humor
week by week. “ Old .Si” will add his quaint fun
to the collection of good things, and “ Uncle Re
mus” lias in preparation a series of negro myth
legends, illustrating the folk-lore of the old plan
tation. In every respect The Constitution for
1880 will be better than ever.
The Weekly Cons’i itution is a carefully ed
ited compendium of the news of the week, and
contains the best and freshest matter to be found
in any other weekly from a daily office. Its news
and miscellaneous contents arc the freshest and
its market reports the latest.
THE SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR.
This, the best, the most reliable and most pop
ular of southern agricultural journals, is issued
from the printing establishment of The CONSTI
TUTION. It is still edited by Mr. W. L. Jones.
and is devoted to the best interests of the farmers
of the south. It is sent at reduced rates with the
Weekly edition of The Constitution.
TERMS CF SUBSCRIPTION.
Daily Constitution $lO 00 a }'ear.
“ 2 50 three months.
Weekly Constitution 1 50 a year.
“ “ 1 00 six months.
“ “ Clubs of 10, 12 50 a year.
“ “ Clubs of 20, 20 00
Southern Cultivator 1 50 “
“ “ Clubs of 10, 12 50 “
“ “ Clubs of 20, 20 00 “
Weekly Constitution and
Cultivator to one address, 2 50 for one year.
Address THE CONSTITUTION,
deolO Atlanta, Ga.
dfaSjpa WARRANTED BEST AND CHEAPEST.
Price® reduced.* Pamphlet free.
! MILLING SUPPLIES.
Works: Christiana, Lancaster Cos., Pa.
Office: %3 S. Weaver St., York, Pa.
TIT A A LIMITED num-
WV JuSLaSS JL JodJL/ ber of active, ener
getic canvassers to eiigage in a pleasant and pro
fitable business. Good men will find this a rare
chance
TO MAKE IYIOINTENT.
Such will please answer this advertisement by
letter, enclosing stamp fur reply, stating what bu
siness they have been engaged in. None but tuoae
who mean business apply. Address
FINLEY, HARVEY & CO.,
June SO Atlanta, Ga,
COME ON, EVERYBODY
AND BUY A COOK-STOYE/
" s
And We Intend to Sell Cheaper Than Ever!
A. K. CHILDS & CO.,
Athens, Ga.
Don’t Forget to Look for the BIG RED STOVE.
fk’ofessiminl & business Sards.
TW. KH'OG,
• Practical Watchmaker & Jeweler,
Northwest Corner Public Square, Jefferson, Ga.
All work done in his line at short notice, and
perfect satisfaction guaranteed. dec19~79
Rohukt s. iiowaiei>,
Attorney anti Counselor at Lan,
JEFFERSON, GA.
Office in the u Webb Building.” feb2l 79
WII.IA V. HOWAItI),
Attorney aixl Counselor at ■ ,aw,
JEFFERSON, GA.
Will attend faithfully to all business entrusted
to his care. Office—Col. Thurmond’s old office,
near Randolph’s corner. feb2l, 79
WII. MlJlt’KlAS,
• Attorney at Law,
Harmony Grove, Jackson Cos., Ga.
Faithful attention given to collections and all
other business. Clients’ money never spent, but
promptly forwarded. January sth, 1878.
J. J. FLOYD, I J. B. SILMAN,
Covington, Ga. | Jefferson, Ga.
FLOlft A SII.IIAN.
ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW.
Will practico together in the Superior Courts oi
the counties of Jackson and Walton.
iun6l2—lf
WILL. I. PIKE. W. 8. M’CARTY.
PIKE & McCARTf,
Attorneys at Law,
JEFFERSON, JACKSON CO., GA.
Will give prompt and thorouqh attention to all
kinds of legal business m Jackson and adjoining
counties. One or both, always in the office, ex
cept when professionally absent. feb2
l)r. W. S. Alexander,
SURGEON DENTIST,
Harmony Grove, Jackson Cos., Ga.
WILL be at Jefferson on the first Monday and
Tuesday in each month, and will continue
his stay from time to time as circumstances may
justify. Terms LOW, FOR CASH, and work
done in a superior maimer.
July 10th, 1875.
N. W. Carithers, M. D.,D.D. S.
OFFERS his professional services to the citizens
of Jefferson and the surrounding community.
He can always be found at his office, in the Billy
Thompson store, unless professionally absent.
March 14th, 1879.
Stoves ! Stoves !
Larger Stock than Ever!
Prices as Low as flic Lowest!
The improved iron king
IS TIIE ACKNOWLEDGED
Monarch, of all Cooking Stoves!
All that 1 ask is a careful inspection of its me
rits. which cannot fail to* convince any one in
want of a FIRST-CLASS COOK STOVE, beau
tifully FINISHED AND SUBSTANTIALLY MADE,
that the
Iron King has no Superior!
I have now on hand the largest assortment of
Cooking and Heating Stoves in Northeast Geor
gia. Examine my stock and prices, and be con
vinced.
J. C. WILKINS,
Broad Street, Athens, G-a.
sept 26
Works : Christiana, Lancaster Cos.. Pa.
Otiicc : *23 S. Beaver St., York. Pa.
JOB WOFtBL,
Executed promptly, at tbis-ollice.
BUGGIES and WAGONS! WAGONS and BUGGIES
D. C. HURLEY,
WITH TWENTY YEARS EXPERIENCE IN TIIE BEST SHOPS NORTH AND SOUTH
Now Located on Clayton Street and College Avenue, Athens, Ga.,
WHERE I WILL MAKE AND REPAIR
Carriages, Buggies and Wagoi
Horse Shoeing. Horse Shoeing.
THE BEST THE CHEAPEST!
PLANTATION WORK, FLOWS, MILL PICKS, &C,
I use the best material and employ the most expert workmen. My work all guaranteed, one
ney returned. Save money by seeing me. Efc. *C. HIJRI.EY,
Cor. Clayton St. and College Av., (Opposite Talmadge, Hodgson A C.)
oct 10-3 m ATHENS, BA.
Special Inducements to Merchants by Crate or Small lok
The Richest Assortment and Lowest Prices in N. E. Georgia,
China, Crockery, Lamps, Glassware,
AND EVERYTHING FOR THE HOUSE.
WHIPS -A.3STID THONGS -A. SPECIALTY.
Lyncli dte Flanigen,
Broad Street, opposite Campus, Athens, G&-
THE PEOPLE OF JACKSON
CAN BUY BETTER BARGAINS AT
PENDERGRASS BROS. & CO S
IN JEFFERSON, CA.,
Than They Can Anywhere Else-
CALL AND SEE THEIR NEW STOCK OF
BOOTS, SHOES AND MENS’ HATS,
Mens’ Ready-Made Clothing?
PRINTS, JEANS, OSNABURGS, SHIRTINGS,
Sheetings, Bleachings, Flannels, Worsteds, Linseys,
LADIES’ CLOAKS & ZEPHYR SHAWLS
BOX HP -A- 3P EB. , CHKO 3VE OS ,
Mustache Cups, Motto Cups, Fancy Candy, Stick
Perfumes , Handkerchiefs, Hair Oil, §c.
Hardware, Glassware, Tinware, Horse and Mule Shoes, Kails
UPPER .A. IST ID SOULE EEA^TIHIEIR.,
And many other articles too tedious to mention. Call and see them, they laeAfl
say—they will sell you goods as CHEAP as ANYBODY.
Jefferson, Ga., Nov. 7th, 1879.
CV <jy f\4~\ MONTH guaranteed. sl2 a
Vjl II I day at home made by the indus
trious. Capital not required ; we
will start you. Men women, hoys and girls make
money faster at work for us than at anything else.
The work is light and pleasant, and such as any
one can go right at. Those who are wise who see
this notice will send us their addresses at once and
see for themselves. Costly Outfit and terms free.
Now is the time. Those already at work are lav
ing up large sums of money. Address TRUE fc
CO., Augusta, Maine. juneld
INTotic© to
DEBTORS Sf CREDITOR
ALL persons indebted to the estate of J®
Hunter, late of Jackson county, G.?
are hereby required to come forward a* l
immediate payment, and those having
against said estate are requested to presen
to the undersigned in terms of the law. K
JAMES L. WILLIAMSON?
MARTHA A. HUNTER? u
Ex’r and Ex’x of .the jjrjll of J. S. *
January 2d, 1880.
jTSnF'J aV m X/