The Georgia Jeffersonian. (Griffin, Ga.) 18??-18??, November 10, 1853, Image 1

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The Georgia Jeffersonian., November 10, 1853, Image 1

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Newspaper Page TextVOL. XIV. THE GORfili JEFFERSONIAN l PUBLISIIFD RVF.RY THPRSPaY MORNING BY WTI.LIA JVT CT INF, At Two Dollars and Fifty Cents per an nun, or Two Dollars paid in advance. A..VKftT|SK\IKNTS :in- msor'et! nl O ,VL’ OOI.T.I'f per iqtuiro, for the firrl ins-rlion, und FIFTY CEBITS per square, Tor each insertion • lierenllrr. reasonable deduct hmi will lie made to those who advertise !>v the yea.’ Ml advertisements not otherwise ordered, will t*. continued tilt f<>rt>id. *CF S.II.ES OF LANDS by Administrators, Kx'Tiitors nr Guardians lire required li> law to he tield on the first Tuesday iri the month, between th,* hours o* ten in the forenoon and three in the afternoon, at the Court-htnH*e, in the county tn hieh tlte land is situated. Notice of these sale, must he iven in a public gazette FORTY DA\ S pensions *o the dnv of sale. SUES OF NEGROES must he made at pub lic auction on the lirst Tuesday oft lie month, he t ween the usual hours of sale, at the place nl pub- I e sales in the county where the letters Tesln ocn’ary, of AdminHr lion or Guardianship may have been granted; first ivinff FORTY DAYS notice I hereof in one of tho public <rnjettes ol this State, and nl the court house whe e such salearsc te held. Notice iVtr the sih of Personal Properly must he <r!v -n iii like manner FORTY DAYS previous to ! In* da v of sale. Notice tn Debtors and Creditors of an estate must he published FORTY DAYS. Notice that application will be made to the Court Ordinary for lf.avf. Tnsru. land must be pub lished for 7’H'O MONTHS, Noliee (nr i.RaVK to sfi l ntgrofs must be pub ished TtVO MONTHS before any order ab solute shall he made thereon bv the Court. CITATION'S for Lert-rs of Administration, mod be published tiiiiitt Pay*; for Dismission fr.-iui Vlmmistr-ition. monthly six months; lor Dismission from Guardianship, forty pat o . f! ules for the t.’oreclosure of Mortgage must he published monthly for four months, estiih f.stijnj Inst papers (or the full space of ttirfe months; for compelling lilies from Kxi entor ors Administrators,wheie a bondliasbecn given by the d-eeasef| the fui| souoe o‘ THnF.F. MONTH*. For the Georgia Jeffersonian. Mr. Eil-tor: —You will doubtless confer a favor upon some of your patrons and readers, as well as enlarge the sphere of your usefulness, by publishing the follow ing article, in “ The Southern Ladies Com panion.” It speaks in plain and forcible language upon a subject that should be carefully considered by every person hav ing the management—the moral and in tellectual training of the female portion of the rising generation, to-wit: The doc trine that xch. jol girls should be school girls. ” hat truth can be more evident than this? What more important? Docs it not lie at the very basis of all improvement a rnong this class? Who will assume to de fend the negative of this position? No man will dare do it in words, however much he may contribute to its support by practice. Many send their daughters to school, and want them to be, and teach them to be, any other than school girls. They are Rent, and it is designed that they shall reap the advantages of a liberal educa tion, and nf course, they a r e sadly disap pointed. should they fail to accomplish this vital desideratum. It is singular the policy of parents, that they should object, find fault with, and even decry the capa city of instructors; and at the same time, pursue a course which effectually removes the pupil from the reach of those instruc tors. In many cases they are taught to act like women an inordinate fondness for show is studiously cultivated —the at tention of the opposite sex is attentively ; taught, and they are made to feel that the acme of perfection—the impersonation of every grace, is only to be found in the character of the belle. While this absurd and ruinous policy is pursued, should we not give oar succor and support to those teachers and those institutions, who, in which, by the adoption of decisive mea sures, endeavor to stay this current of evil so apparent in the educational depart ment of this particular class. I call public attention to this subject, because such measures have been adopted by Messrs. Morrow & Stanley, in the government of the Griffin Female College. I most heartily approve of their measures, and cordially recommend the careful peru sal of the following article, as a most happy and forcible vindication of their course in regard to this matter. Nov. 3, 1853. J. B. JACKSON. SCHOOL-GIRLS SHOULD BE SCHOOL-GIRLS. ,- Asirls are usually at school .'rem an early period till a short time<f their mar tinge, it is importani that they acquire habits of intlus'rv, n-atness and ec< nomv during tl e tiin 3 they are at school, an I es esppcially the instance where thev are from hpjne at hoarding-school. llow are important lessons usually taught in our frmale colleges? Are girls taught to make, or even to mend, and carefully look after their own clothing? Are they taught habits of neatnr 8s? Or rather, is not the u hole matter of k eeping their ap parel, their rooms, and other matters, in neat order, left entirely to servants or other persons? As to economy, girls have a poor opportunity at many of our schools, to learn that the won] has any practical use. The daughters of wealthy parents are indulged by their parents and teachers in expensive apparel, jewelry, and the rest. Thos- in more moderate circumstances, not having the courage to be placed in a lower caste by living with in their means, strain every ntrve to keep pace with the wealthy in a career of extravagance. We have known the heads of female schools, instead of re straining this tendensy to extravagance, to encourage it. An examination, or some other pageant, is to come off; and, for the credit of lire school, lie wishes the girls to make the best advantage possible before the public. The parents are at a dis tance, and the principal encourages the gills to make accounts and purchase goods for the occasion on credit. Sug gesuons of this kind are readily followed by girls naturally desirous to make a fair show; the fathers or guardians are run in debt without the r knowledge or consent; and we have known cases in which these extia expenses have exceeded the whole cost of boarding, tuition, and all other regular expenses. Such a course may gain the principal favor with thought lel girls; but ihe father, who, on com ing for his daughter, with money enough to"pay the regular school charges, finds Qfyt (fittargha Jcfftrsettiatt. as much charged against him for what he was neither willing nor able to indulge his daughter in, will feel that he has been imposed upon, not to say defrauded. One excellent means of counteracting this evil [ is by the establishing a uniform drpss for tlte students, of a plain, cheap, substan tial character, rejecting all jewelry and ornaments, And allowing, them to appear abroad in no other; and we are gratified to notice that this course has been adopted in some of our female schools, and wi'h fine effect. It tends to promote both the economy and republican equali ty, no essential to the success of such schools. And nothing can be more pre judicial to the prosperity of a school than the fostering of castes, or any kind of ari stocracy in them—engendering envy, jealousy, discord. No distinction should be allowed in schools hut such as arise from merit. Let the rich man’s daugh ter outstrip the daughter of the poor, or of the man in moderate circumstances, in n race of extravagance, if she will; hut let not this unholy and unequal com petition enter into the school —never. It is ruinous. If parents and teachers would act on the firm resolve that school git Is should he school-girls, and nothing more, it would go far towards checking the evil under notice; for what good rea son can he shown for bedecking a little girl of twelve or fourteen in the gaud and trappings of an oriental bride, merely to study in, or to appear in as a school-girl at church or an examination? In the first case, they should be apparelled in nea*, common clothing, in which they woutd.be comfortable and perfectly at ease; and in the second, they should ap pear in the simple uniform of their school. Scarcely anything can appear more ridi culous, in the eyes of a sensible person, then a girl at her books laced, and dres sed, and jewelled up like an actress. — They are but school-girls, and they should appear in character. Where the opposite course is adopted, young men readily take the very intelligible hint that these finely dressed little maidens are thus un seasonably offering themselves in the matrimonial mart, and are not backward ; n bestowing attention and making bids Now give those young men but a restrict ed opportunity of access to the society of the little ladies—they are dressed as young ladies from eight or ten years ohl—and soon we have a fine exhi bition of gallantries, billet deaux, and the rest. Parents dress their childten like brides, and so advertise them as dispo sable commodities; tenchers allow young men to visit the girls, converse with them, hear them play, accompany them with the flute or voice; perhaps attend them to church and on their evening walk; and yet (heir parents and teachers are utterly at a loss to account for the result* which they have themselves produced; they cannot imagine why their girls will not study, and have an ntter aversion to books —villainous love-sick novels always ex- : cepted; why they ate So fond of the com pany of the ether sex-why they are ready to elope with worthless dandies and i brainless fops. If parents and teachers do not act in the premises with common i sense and discreetness, it is hardly reason able to expect children to act with per fect prudence and wisdom. We are much pleased to find some of our best female schools, and some, too, in the most wealthy sections, and patronized by the more wealthy cla-a, ere rigidly restraining all expensiveness of dresa ( re jecting j-we'ry, and prohibiting the socie ty of young men entirely. Yet there are even toothers to he found, who fear that without mixing with the society of young men, ‘heir daughters will fail to acquire ease and gracefulness of manners, and are, therefor**, willing to peril all else to secure these. For tho like grave rea son, there must l> a dancing depaitment in many of our schools—in some cases publicly, in others more secretly con ducted, to teach the girls poetry of m tion, as if dancing motion had anything to do with imparting grace to the common movements of life And when Once you allow a girl’s head to gel full of finery and beaux, and bet heels full of waltzes, polkas, and cotillons, yeu may about as well throw her hooks in the fire and mar ry her to the first simpleton who will take her off your hands—for her days of : study and improvement are at an end.” In addition to the above, we find the following article, on the same subject, in the same periodical, and give it as a pro per addenda to the above: “The popular fondness for numerous and showy attainments, even were the sys tem of teaching perfect, can lead to noth ing but shallowness. Take up the plan or programme of our fashionable schools, and ask yourself how could it be other wise? Here is a four years’ college course —forty months of instruction—and see what is to be learned in that brief period. Take a sample: Grammar, Arithmetic, Geography, American History, Botany, Writing, Composition, Rhetoric, Logic, Criticism, Algebra, Geometry, European History, Evidences of Christianity, Na tural Philosophy, Chemistry, Trigonome try, Mensuration, Moral Philosophy, La tin, French, Grecian and Modern History, Astronomy, Geology, Mental Philosophy, Mineralogy, Animal Philosophy, Khetor ical Readings, Instrumental Music, “Vocal Music, Drawing, Painting, Embroidery, Ornamental Needle-work, Wax work, Shell work, &c. &c. Here we have some twenty sciences, two languages, extensive historical readings, fine arts, and sundries, some forty distinct studies to be mastered in forty months, and among them two languages, the natural, moral and exact sciences, and instrumental music. Per haps no student ever mastered these two languages thoroughly in four years, (aud Greek is often included,) and few, if any, ever become accomplished performers on the piano or harp jn so short a time. But by what magic is it that girls beginning Latin in the latter half of their junior year, and French in their senior year, pan master them before the end of the course? “Pardon ns for speaking plainly; but we cau hardly look on this course as less than fraud. A girl studies Latin twelve or fifteen months, French half- as Dong—at GRIFFIN, (GA.) THURSDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 10, 1853. the same time having a dozen other stu dies on hand—and graduates with credit, and takes! her diploma as having taken the regular course, Greek, French, Latin and all. Is not the girl cheated into the opinion that she understands the languages —■of which she can know nothing of any talde— ritid the parent cheated out of his tiioney? Any man capable of teaching the languages, kndWs that such a mere smattering as can be acquired iff So short a time, can be of no value to the strident; then what is the object? What can it be, if it be not to give a false character to the school, and get money virtually by false pretences? Perhaps some palliation may be foriiid iri the Vitiated public taste, and the false pride of parents, which leads them to seek as large a literary name as possible for their daughter, whether true or false; but this cannot, it would seem, be a full justification of trustees and teach ers, who are the persons to correct those errors, rather than by bowing to strength en them. W'th defective modes of teaching, and an amount of studies pressed into the the course, much greater than could be compassed by the best possible teaching, it must necessarily happen that female edu cation must be superficial, and in the same proportion inutile.” A Modern Cincinnatus. In a long and pleasant conversation re cently with a distinguished friend, whose mind is rich with the recollections of the past, we gathered many incidents, not the least interesting of which, was the fol lowing: At the session of the South Carolina Legislature in 1814, the members were perplexed for a suitable man to elect Governor. The difficulty did not arise from any scarcity of candidates, for then, as now, men were ambitious, hut from a want of the right sort of a man. The matter became worse as the time wore on, and the election of some objectionable candidate seemed inevitable. One day, however, as several of them were conver ging upon the matter, Judge O’Neal I, then a young man, and present by invita tion, said “Gentlemen, whv not elect General Divid R. Williams?” “David R. Williams, he’s our man— he’s the man,” they all exclaimed, as they began to scatter to tell the news. The day of election came on, and Gen eral Williams was elected by a large vote. A messenger was at once dispatched with a carefully prepared letter to inform the General of his election—request his ac ceptance, and hoping he would name the day on which he would take the oath of office. After a long hard ride, the mes senger stopped at the General’s residence, in Marlborough District, we believe, and inquired if he was in. He was told that Mr. Williams was over at his plantation. The gentleman said that he would ride over, as he had a note to deliver to him as soon as possible. When about half way he met a fine looking man, dressed in plain homespun, and driving a team of mules “Am I on the road to the plantation ol Gen. Williams?” asked the messenger. “Yes,sir; it is about a mile further on,” was the reply. “Is the General at homr?” “No, sir.” “Where is her” “I am Gen. Williams” “You Gen. David R. Wdliamsf” “I am the man. “Don’t deceive me. I have an impor tant letter for Gen. Williams. If that is your name,” said the doubling messen ger, “here it is,” handing the letter to the General. Mr. Williams opened (he (fetter and found to his utter astonishment that, with out his knowledge or consent, he had been elected Governor of South Carolina. He took the messenger home and enter tained him for the night, preparing* note in the meantime, accepting the appoint ment, and naming the time on which he would be in Columbia. The messenger returned. On the appointed da) f , a few minutes ; before twelve o’clock, a man dressed in homespun, and on horseback, rode into town; hitching his animal to a tree, he made his way to the Capitol, where he found a brilliant concourse of people But few knew him personally; but there was something commanding about him He took his seat in a vacant chair; and when the clock in front of the speaker had struck the hour of twelve, the Gene ral arose and delivered the most masterly speech that had ever been delivered there on any former occasion. The farmer statesman entirely electrified the assem bly. He made an excellent Governor. This thing convoys a beautiful idea:— Here was a farmer elected; he accepted, and from the plough went to the Gover nor’s office to preside, in a stormy crisis, over the destiny of a sovereign State. — Long live his memorv. — Wilmington, N. C., Democratic Free Press. We have noticed the foregoing article for some time past going the rounJs of the Southern newspapers. The story is common in South Carolina, though usu ally told somewhat different from the a bove. In the first place Gen. Williams was well known in South Carolina long before he became Governor, and he could hardly appear before any Legislative body of his time many of the members recognizing him as an old acquaintance and friend. But in the General’s time it was not considered very modest for any one to canvas for the Executive Chair, and the candidates were generally absent, at least from the State House, if not from the city, on the day of the election, which was and still is made by the Legislature. The story, as told in South Carolina, is, that Gen William* was at his residence on the day of election. After he was chosen Governor a committee of three of the members were appointed to repair to his residence and inform him of the action of the Legislature, and. request his a*tend- ance at Columbia to qualify veru or. The committee repaired to his re sidence, but the Genera! was not at home. Mrs. W. informed them he had lode off, taking his rifle with him, hut she expect ed him back in the Course of the eve ning, and in the meantwms entertaining her guests as a South Carolina lady only knows how. The next morning Mrs. VV. directed the committee to a neighbor’s, where they w ould probably find the Gen eral. They were informed he had been there, but had gone on to another neigh bor’s, where they had appointed a deer hunt for that morning, and where the General had staid overnight to he pre pared for the hunt at an early hour. — Thither the committee repaired, and was told they would be likely to find him at a stand in the woods, waiting to get a shot at a deer. And there they found him, sure enough. When told by the committee their business, rt is said he ex pressed much regret at leaving the stand before he got a crack ai the animal, as he was sure he would come out at that place. The affair of the wagon took place af ter Gen. Williams became Governor. — lie had left Columbia on a visit to his home, and during that time someone having immediate business with him, fol lowed him thither, met him, as stated, driving his team, perhaps mere mat ter of recreation. Certain it is, he had plenty of negroes about him to do it, if he so desired. The stranger accosted him and inquired for Gov. Williams. He said he was thp man, requested the stran ger to drive up to the housp, said he would be there himself in a few minutes, and then continued on with his load to the place of destination. In a short time he came up, ordered the stranger’s horse taken, invited him in, and attended to his business. From the Washington Union. AFRICANIZING CUBA. The remarks made on this subject by us, some days ago, have attracted much no tice and provoked some criticism. We have abundant cause in tho comments made by our coteraporaries to be gratified at the evidences of a prevalence of the true A merican spirit in regard to the interference by Great Britain with the shivery question in Cuba. We do not advert to the subject now for the purpose of enlarging upon the views already presented, or of entering in to any controversy with thor/e who yet hes itate to believe that Britain has embarked in so tmjus tiflTt v rl cfer* r\ ts’.ul'HF'j gainst our institutions. We intend soon to return to this subject; but at present we desire only to assure those of our co temporaries who doubt the fact stated by us, that we have since received additional and stronger evidence from Havana, which places the matter, in our mind, beyond any reasonable doubt. W e are so well satisfied that arrangements are actually made for embarking largely in the impor tation of African apprentices, with the consent and understanding of Spain,France & England, that we veuture to predict that the whole scheme will bo openly avowed and made public, so soon as the British and French fleets are so arranged and sta tioned in the neighborhood of C üba as to make the avowal safe. This is cur opinion from the information we nave from Ilavan a, and we state it only to give assurance that we are neither {filibustering nor deal ing icf idle rumors. “ ithout comment, we defer our . remarks to another time, and call the attention of our readers to the following interesting views of the Balti more Clipper: The Island of Cuba. —The potential ‘ interference of England in the affairs of < this island is now regarded by the Union, i and apparently by the Intelligencer, as an 1 authenticated fact. Shwrcff-fe- to- fecome < wholly extinct in fifty years from this 1 time, during wh-ch time a decennial sys- 1 tern of emancipation will prevail, and the 1 supply of slaves will be kept up by the ‘ introduction of large numbers of ten-year • slaves from Africa. Thus, at the expira tion of fifty years, although many will be liberated, the number of free negroes on the island will be so large that no serious revulsion will be experienced on the final emancipation of the whole race. Cuba will then constitute a nation of emancipa ted slaves of African birth ; Eugland will be their recognized patron and protector, and Spain will enjoy the gratification of not only having preserved Cuba from our clutches by turning it over to England and her negro proteges, but she will enjoy the still more pleasing reflection of having es tablished a neighborhood influence exceed ingly adverse to the good order and pros perity of the slave States of this republic. Such at least is the expectation of our English brethren ; but we dunk many strong, valid objections are opposed to it. Experience has shown that the removal of the negro race from Africa, to improve and deyote them, is a failure, and that the introduction of religion and civilization a mong them in tV eir native homes as con comitants of commerce and kindly iu’er course, is a far more pratmlaic wvr w.re. Slavery and ignorance are not conducive to their elevation; neither are the social r , degradation and oppression they encounter t in our free States. Experience has also shown that where profit is derived by the , slaveholder from the natural increase of his slaves,, far better treatment Is secured 1 to them than’where the only expccta ion > of profit is based upon the yield of their i present labors. This is exemplified in the , present nsage of Cuba, where t,he necessity is acknowledged of making them pay for themselves in- a very shdrt period of time, > and where, instead of anticipating by pro s creation,, very few females are ever bought, 3 and the disproportion of the sexes is a ter j ribfe and painful fact. During the period of deccnial emanci- J pation, Cuba will contain more slaves than 1 ever before, and they will surely, from the -very nature of the ease, be at least as-sc verely dealt with as at present. Those now there will all have died off, qs well as nearly all those brought from Africa (lu ring the first thirty years of the probation ary period; and when the last decade is past, Cuba will be a nation of freemen al most wholly from tho savage jungles of Africa, and educated at hard labor, under the whip, on the tobacco and sugar plan tations of that island. Asa scheme of benevolence towards the negro, we regard this project as a cruel inodlfery; but as a means of augmenting the evils of a population of mixed races in this country, it presents the appearance of a cunningly devised and vindictive piece Os manoeuvring or strategy that should not be dignified with the name of diplo macy. We are opposed to the acquisition of territory by force, and to every manifesta tion of harshness or seeming injustice to the people who occupy the regions cont g uons to this republic, or toward the nations to whom they acknowledge allegiance; but if England, or any other government of Europe, shall uuduly interfere in the affairs of Cuba, of Central America, of the Sandwich Islands, or elsewhere on this continent, a necessity may arise which, however earnestly we may desire to avert it, may demand of this republic the assump tion of an attitude that will not be relin quished until the whole North American continent shall become more universally independent of Europe than it ever has been. We would not obtain the control of Cuba by unfair means; but her relative ge ographical position to our southern coasts and great highways to the ocean, is such as entitles us to insist that she shall never pass from the possession of Spain without our knowledge and assent. The Late Agricultural Fair. The recent Fair was, in many respects, highly creditable t> the Society, ami gratifying to all who take an interest m the progressive development of the great and inexhaustible resources of the South In all the more important departments, such as Field Crops, samples of Field Crops, Cotton Bales, Cattle of the im prove I breeds, Horses, S vine, Poultry, the Household, Southern Domes ic Man ufactures,. Needle and Fancy Work, and manufactured articles of various kinds, we do not think it has ever been surpass ed in Georgia or th- South, In the Fruit, Floral and Vegetable department,- there was an evident falling off, which may partly he attributed to th- unfavorable cbafacier of the late season, and pirtlv to the neglect of many of our own citi zens in bringing forward their cor.tribu tions, which are well known to be of such a quality as would have effected a material change in the Horticultutal and Floral Department* The number of people in attendance ut'ron the Fair, from all parts of the coun try, was very large and highly respecta ble, and the general opinion (so far as we have h-ard its expression) most favora ble. Many pleasant incidents occurred during the progress of the Exhibition, and had the weather been favorable thro’- out, the enjoyment of the crowd and the prosperity of the Society would have been greatly augmented. Upon the whole, the Fair was a successful one, and we doubt not that in interest and val ue it will be greatly increased next year. The Society has been steadily progress ing and incteasing in usefulness ever since its formation,, and has effected a most wonderful reformation in the plant ing, stock-raising, mechanical and manu facturing interests of Georgia and. the adjoining States. — Augusta* Ch>onitle. Wonders of the Patent Office. A cursory examination of the Patent office report for 1852 reveals some sur prising inventions: Examiner's-Report explains the princi ples of the celebrated Ilobb’s lock. Its “unpickability” depends upon a secondary or false set of tumblers, which prevent the instruments used in picking from reaching the real ones. Moreover, the lock is pow der-proof, and may be loaded through the keyhole and fired off until the burglar is til'd of his work, or fears that the report of his explosions will bring to, view his experiments more witnesses than he desires.’ Doors and shutters have also been pa tented, that cannot be broken through with either pocket or sledge hammar. The burglur’s “occupation’s gone.” A harpoon is described which makes the whale kill himself The more he pulls the line the deeper goes the harpoon. An ice-making machine has been pa tented, which goes by a steam engine. In an experimental trial, it froze several bottles of sherry and produced blocks of ice of the size of a cubic foot, when the thermometer was standing at 80 degrees. It is calculated that for every ton of coal put into the furnace it will make a ton of ice. , Prom Dr. Gale’s examiner’s report we gather some idea of the value of patents. A man who had made a slight improve ment in straw-cutters, took a model of his machine through'the Western States, and after a tour of eight months returned with $40,000. Another had a machine to thresh and clean grain, which in fifteen months he sold for $60,000. A third obtained a patent for a printer’s ink, refused $50,000 for it and finally sold it ft>r $60,000. — Tnese are ordinary cases; while such in ventions as the telegraph, the planing ma chine, and the India Rubber patents are worth millions each. Examiner Lane’s report describes vari ous new electrical inventions. Among these is an electric whaling apparatus, by which the whale is literally “shocked to death ” Another is an electro-magnetic alarm- which rings bells and displays sig nals in case of fire or burglars. Another is an electric clock, which wakes you up, tells you what time it is, and lights a lamp for you at any hour you please. There is a “sound gatherer,”, a sort of huge ear trumpet, to be placed in front ol a locomotive, bringing to the engineer’t ear ail the noises ahead perfectly distinct, notwithstanding the rattle of the train. There is an invention that picKS np pins from a confused heap, turns them all a- round with their heads up, and sticks them in papers, in regular rows. Another goes through the process of cigar making, ta king in tobacco leaves and turning out the perfect article. One machine cuts cheese; another scours knives and forks; andthet black's boots; another roCfts the cradle; and seven or eight take in ironing and washing. There is a parlor chair patented that cannot be tipped back on two legs, and a railway chair that can be tipped back in to any position, without any legs at all. Another patent is for a machine that counts the passengers in an omnibns and takes their fares. When a very fat man gets in, it counts two, and charges double. There are a variety of guns patented that load themselves; a fish line that ad justs its own bait; and a rat-trap that throws away the r it, and then Baits and’ sets itself, and stands in the corner for an other. The truths of the patent office are stranger than fiction. There is a machine also by which a man prints, instead of writing his thoughts.— It is played on like a piano. And speak ing of pianos, it is estimated that nine thou sand are made every year in the United States, giving constant employment to one thousand nine hundred hands, and costing over two millions of dollars. Here is an extract from an ‘ “American Dictionary of Science and Useful Knowl edge,” which is almost equal to a passage from the English work, which we quoted some months;; ago from Punch. — Harper* Q. “Wh fit is geology-?” A. “The science of breaking stones.” Q. “Where are its| professors most nu merous?” A. “At Blackwell’s Island and Sing- Sing'.? Q. “What is a geologist’s capital?” A*. “A pocket full of rocks.” Q. “What description of stone has been most sought a^ter?” A. “The Philosopher’s Stone.” Q. “Has it ever been found?” A. “Very frequently.” Q. “Where?” A. “In a horn.” Q. “Where deposited?” A. “In a hat.” Q. ‘‘Prom what does it proceed?” A. “Quartz ” Q. “What is a petrifaction?” A. “Rath-jr a ‘hard party.'” Q. “Where does granite lie?” A. “In beds” Q. “What is a stratum?” A. “A layer of any thing.” Q “Will you mention cne?” A. “Yes: a hen ” Q. “Mention another.” A. “A ship: she ‘lays-to ’” Q. “What is a flint?” A. “A miser’s heart.” Q. “Can yon break it?” A. “Yes—certainly.” Q. “Will yon describe how?” A. “Open his chest.” Q. “What is chalk?” A. “The milk of human kindness.” Tlie following amusing incident which Occured in the early history of anew flour ishing Western town, is worthy of being perpetuated and preserved]* iii this recep tacle of ours: “Lawyer IT was employe 1 to at tend a suit for a Mr. D . The whole matter occupied the lawyer’s time for the space of just fifteen minutes, for which he charged him the sum of ten do’lars. As the* patient (elsewhere mentioned), told the Doctor who prescribed for him, the client promised to ‘makejail right with the lawyer.’ “About three months afterward, Law yer II called upon Mr. D to sink his well one foot deeper; remark ing, at the same time: “You can’t ‘come it on me’ this time, because I have an exact admeasurement of the distance from the.spout of the pump to the floor of the room wherein it stands.’ Mr. D , in the course of a day or two, when lawyer II was absent from home, went np to his house to sink the well. lie raised the pump, and sawed off one foot of it, put it back (he .didn’t dig any of the dirt out, don’t you see?) and presented his bill to the lawyer for ten dollars. Lawyer ‘II cheerfully paid the bill, when lie found that the spout of the pump was just one foot nearer the floor than it was before ” Now the old adage “Look before you leap,” was not worth a cent in a case like this; but if the lawyer had measured from the top to the bottom of the well, he would have realized that “the well of Truth is very deep.” A real Incident. In the autumn of 1823, a man was de scending the Ohio river, with three small children in his canoe. He had lost his wife, and in the emigrating spirit of our people, was transporting his all to anew country where he might again begin the world. Arriving towards evening in a small island, he landed them for the night. After remaining a short time, he determined to visit the opposite shore, for the purpose probably of purchasing pro visions, and telling his children that he would soon return to them, he paddled off leaving them alonß on the island.— Unfortunately he met on the shore with some loose company, who had invited him to drink. He became intoxicated, and in attempting to return to the island in the night, was drowned. The canoe floated away, and no one knew of the catastrophe until the following day. The poor deserted children in the meaD time wandered about the uninhabited is land, straining their little eyes to get a glimpse of their father. Night came, and hey had no fire nor food—no bed to rest upon, no parent to watch over them.— The weather was extremely cold,’ and the elder child, though but eight years of age, remembered to have heard that per sons who slept in the Cold were some times chilled to death. She continued therefore to wander about; and when the younger children were worn out with fa tigue nnd drowsiness, and wer# ready to drop into slumber, she kept thtffii with amusing or alarmitg. stories. At last, nature could hold out no longer, and the little ones, chilled and aching with cold, threw themselves on the ground.— Then the sister sat down; and spreading out her garments as wide as possibtt*j-£fc|i drew them to her lap, ahd endeavored to impart the \varmth of her own bosom as .they slept sweetly on her arms. Morning came, and the desolate chib dren sat on the shore weeping bitterly; At length they were filled with joy at the sight of a canoe approaching the Rut they fioom discovered that it was fill ed with Indians, their delight was chang ed into terror, and they fled into the woods. Believing that the savages had murdered their father, and were now cone to seek for them, they crouched u,ndei‘ tho bushes, hiding in breathless fen’ 8 / like a brood of young partridges. The Indians having kindled a fire, sat dow around it and began to cook their morning meal—and the eldest child, as she peeped out from b®/ hiding place, be gan to think that they had not killed her father. She reflected too, that they must inevitably starve, if left on this lone is land—while on the other hand there was a possibility of being kindly treated by the Indians. The cries too, - of her sister and brother, who had been begging pite ously for food, had pierced her heart and a vakened all her energy. She told the little ones, over whose feeble minds her fine spirit had acquired an absolute sway, to get up and go with her— then taking a hand of each, she fearlessly led themto the Indian camp-fire. Fortunately the sav ages. understood her language, and, when the little one explained to them what had occurred, they received the deserted children kindly, and conducted them to the nearest of our towns, where they were kept by some benevolent people until their relations claimed them. Affection of, A rubs for tlicfr Hordes- The following story was related by a Be douin of Galilee, very fond and very proud, not only of his own horses, but* of the whole Arabian breed. A young chief had a precious mare and plenty of enemies.— Once he went to a place, three days distant from his residence, to fetch some money that was due to him. His enemies were , apprized of his purpose, and determined to take or at least kill him. Knowing, how ever, the swiftness of his mare, they divid ed themselves in groups of ten persons, and took their stations at three hours dis tant from each other. The first group was to pursue him during three hours, and when he thought himseif safe, them the second group of ten would s'tat‘t and begirt a fresh race, and so on till his mare would fall from exhaustion. All was done as they had designed, but the mare never gave way. The three clays’ distance was traveled in a day, and more than forty-eight hours befoie he was ex pected,. his old Wind father, who-satisrab king at the entrance of his tent, nized the well-known tramp of his son’s mare. “There is my son coming back,” said the old man, and he had scarcely said the words, ere his son dismoun ed, and giv ing the reins4o his wife, laid his bag of gold dost at Bis father’s feet. But the old man thought more of the mare than of his sen. “Why did you over-fatigue the mare,” exclaimed he, in a reproachful voice “Bring her to me.” It was done The old man patted her head, and said quite angrily: “There is blood all over her mouth. And true it was. The son ex plained that, nearly driven to despair by the obstinate chase of his enemies, he had hurried the mare, or rather had allowed her to hurry herse.f, so that, her forefoot came m contact with her mouth, and thus scratched it till it was all bleeding. That night the travelling chief lay down upon his cloak in a corner of his tent, to rest himself as well as he could; but women, young men, slaves, and even Effeudis, ciowded around the mare, giving her ex i lira ting beverages and rubbing her limbs with softening liniment; nor was quiet re stored to the tribe till the mare had eaten again, and shown herself in full possession of her limbs. Pizarro-s Grave at Lima. In the crypt under the altar, arc depose ited the remains of the celebrated Pizarro, who was assassinated in the place near by. A small piece of silver dropped into the band of the sacristan procured me admis sion into the crvpt. Descending a few steps, I enterad a small place some twen ty feet long, quite light and whitewashed, and which smelt and iooked so much like a comfortable wine cellar, that I caught myself more than once looking around for the bin and bottles. The first object 1. saw was a large square tomb, surmounted by the erect figure of an abbot, and close by, in an opening in the wall, I noticed what appeared to me to be a collection of dirty rags; close inspection proved that this was all that remained of the conquer er of Peru. He has still on him the same clothes and shoes he wore at the moment of his assassination. Os course his body is nothing but a skeleton covered with dry flesh and skin, so that no featrnfg are discernible. The body is covered with what was once white linen swathed around him; but the dust of centuries coMected upon it had turned it to a light brown color and it almost pulverizes when touched. The body is placed on a narrow piece of plainly in a sloping position merely to put it’ out of the way. The folks in Lima do not think any thing of the remains of poor Pizarro; and I dare say a little money ju diciously inyegted, would procure for any curio-ity hunterthe whole of his remains. Truth and Common Sense. “Children nov*.a-days, carry to and’ from school, loads'of books, and recite from them daily, without understanding even the meaning of the subject they are studying; the basis, the elements of knowledge are overlooked, while high sounding nnmes (all the ojogies) are pa raded before the minds of ambitious pa<- rents, through the medium of promising circulars. Meanwhile the good old-sash-, ioned arts of spelling and reading and understanding wbat you read, are neg lected as too common-place for classes that have reached aeology, astronomy and moral philosophy!” _\o. 45.