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VOL. XV. THIS M t MKUOHUL II PUBLISHED EVERT THUUSDaT MORNING BY WILIjIAM CLINE, At Two Do’lars and Tifty Cents per an Bum. ov Two RoLore paid in advance. I ADVERTISEMENTS an: t O.Vfc j IMLT.AH per square. for the firsU insertion, and FIFTY Cs>b TS per senate, lor rh insertion tliorealtcr. Areaso 1 .• (Mouimn will lie made to tliosr who silver the yea.'. All i'’’ .lisritwnts not otherwise .irderctl, will l>* cor i.n’.od t.ll forbid. tCJ A/.FS OF LAXDS liv Administ>lors, t-”ie".iors’ or (iiinrdians are required law to be It.-ld nTI; p st Tuesday in the month, between the lioif? o’ ten in the forenoon oii.l three in the nfter inon. at the Court-House, in the county in which tl lan !is situated. Notice and t'ese sale, mint be i. i*n in a rninlic “.nette FOPTY DAYS *o ttie dnv of sale. ,S ILFA OF XKG HOES must be made at p.ih lie auction on the K rs* Tuesday ol •he iiiouth, lie tween tlie. us'ia- liours ot sale, a* the paicc ol pub lie sales in the comity where the letiirs Tr.-t nentary, of Administration or Guardianship in# have been •.'ranted; first o\#injj LOF TY /Vll police tl.eicof in one of the public sE’ ties i.l t! S*ii* , an.l at the court house wlie.e such salcars’ Cos hr heid. ISijt'r*-for the sale of Personal Trofcrty muil f., gjren iu like manner FOPTY DAYS previous * j lne dnv of sale. Notice lo Debtors an-l Creditors of an estate Civisi he published FORTY DAYS. .Notice that application will he made to the Court Or f.narv for leave to sell land must he puh hshed for rno MOXTIIS , Notire for leave to sell negroes must he p„V s'vd Tiro MOXTHS before any order ab so’iite shall he made thereon hv tl>e Court. Cl TAT TOYS for Letters of Ahnini drntion, must be pnh'.iaUeil timrtt Dai*; for Dismission from Administration, monthly sis months; lor Ol* nioiou from Guardianship, forty OaT ‘. Rule-for’lie a'oreelosure of \lorijrage must he O'lldishe I MONTHLY FOR FOUR MONTHS, rstah psh'nff lost timers tor the full space ot THREE Months; fir com.iellini; titles troin Kxecufor ors Ad uiuistra'o-s,wheie a bond l.asbeen ejvenhy he dee.sss-d the fuil space ot tiirff. month*. Death of lion Robt. M. Charlton. We accidentally omitted in onr last wreck’s paper to announce the lamented death of the Hon. Robert M. Charlton, who died in the city of Savannah on Wed nesday the 18th tilt. From the G orgian of the 19th tilt, we copy the following obituary notice: We have to-day the melancholy office of announcing to our readers the death of the Hon. Robert M. Charlton. He died at his residence, in this city, after a some what protracted illness, at an early hour yesterday morning. The deceased was, wc believe, a native of this city When twenty-eight years old—an earlier age than, probably, any one else ever attained that dignity in (Georgia—he was elected Jud/e of the Su perior Court of the Eastern Circuit. That post he soon resigned for the more ardu ous and lucrative labors of the practice of his profession. He ha- been Mayor in Savannah, a member of the Georgia Le- gislature, and recently a Senator in Con gress appointed by Gov Cobb to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Jt i/e Berrien. Judge Charlton has been for years known in this community as one of the I most nePomt>l>s!:?d of its lawyers, and one I of the most exemplary ts its -itizens. To say that the deceased adorned every position lie occupied during life, and has left a void which cannot be filled, is too feeble 3u. to those whose good fortune it was to kit. w him in private life, as a friend, husband, fath< r and clirist'an gentleman, will the loss be irreparable.— Hi- memory will ‘•ve - * be embalmed in their inmost heart; and though time may as suage the bittrncss of their grief, it can never call them away from the griveof the departed. To 1 lie desolate widow and orphans we wouluolTer onr sympathy, b it f teirs is a grief too sacred for intru sion. A meeting of the bar of Savannah was held yes! erday morning to take such ac tion as became the profession, on the loss of one of its most, distinguished members. I Judge Berrien in the chair, the following committee, Messrs. Law, McAllister and Lawton, appointed for the purpose, re ported appropriate resolutions, which were unanimously passed. O.i the oper.ing of the Superior Court these resolutions were presented with a tew impressive remarks by Judge Berrien He was replied to feelingly by Judge Fleming, who, after ordering the resolu tions to be entered on the mutates of the Court, through respect to the memory of the deceased, adjourned o\er until next Monday. The mortal remains of the late Robert M. Charlton were yesterday conveyed from his residence on West Broad street, to St. John’s Church, where, after appro priate and impressive ceremonies, the Rev. Geo. Cl irk officiating, the body was con ■igned to its last resting place at Laurel Grove. The funeral was attended by a lirge concourse of citizens, the city bar, the German Friend Society, and the Re publican Blues. The funeral procession was o::c of the largest ever known in our city. Ihe stores and chief pi ices of business were closed at 3 o’clock, P. M., the hour appointed for the funeral. Business w.is generally suspended, in respect to the memory of the lamented deceased—Re publican 20th ult. Tribute of Respect. At a meeting of the members of ihc bar •f the city of Savannah, held at the Court House in said city, on Wednesday, the 18th January, 1854, for the purpose af paying a suitable tribute of respect to the memory of the'.r brother, it bickt M. Charlton, deceased, on motion of Edw J. Harden, E>q-,, the Hoik John MclNier gon Berrien was called to the chair, and Charles 8. Henry, Esq., was appointed Secretary. On motion of Win Law, Esq., it was Resolved, ‘ hat a committee be appoint ed by the chair, to draft resolutions ex pressive of the feelings of the bar on the occasion which had called them together. Whereupon the chair nominated as that committee, Wm Law, M. Hall McAllis ter, and Alexander it. Lawton, Esqrs. The committee having retired, returned ami presented for the consideration of their brethren the following preamble ami re;o ----l it ons, which being read, were unanimous ly rdoj ltd* §jg ©eergia Seffersattian. ! This meeting having heard with pro j found regret of the death of their brother, Robert M. Charlton, desire to evince their high respect for his memory and affection ’ ate remembrance of his many virtues, j Be it therefore Resolved, That in com | mon with all who knew him, they deplore ‘the loss of this distinguished jurist, in estimable citizen, and accomplished gentle man. Resolved, That they will wear the usu al badges of mourning for the space of thirty days, and will attend in a body th< obsequies of the deceased. Resolved, That His Honor, Judg** Fleming, be requested to adjourn Court now in session until Monday next, as a mark of respect to the memory of the de ceased. Resolved, That a committee of three be appointed by the chair to wait upon a member of the bar and request him to pronounce at some suitable time, a Eulogy upon the character and virtues of the de ceased. Resolved, Thht the chairman of this meeting transmit a copy of these proceed ings to the family of the deceased, and as sure them of our sincere sympathy and condolence for the great loss they have sustained. The foregoing preamble ano resolutions having been unanimously adopted, on mo tion of Wm. Law, E-q , the chair was re quested, and appointed, to present the same to His Honor, Judge Fleming, in open Court, immediately after the adjourn ment of this meeting, and to request him in the name of the bar to order the same to be recorded on the minutes of the Su perior Court Resolved, That when this meeting ad journs, it will stand adjourned until half past two o’clock to morrow, then to meet at the same place, and from thence move in a body to attend the funeral of the deceased The bar then proceeded to the Court Room of the Superior Court, to present to His Honor, Judge Fleming, the above resolutions; which duty having been ap propriately discharged by their chairman and responded to by His Honor Judge Fleming, according to their wishes, the meeting adjourned. j. McPherson berriex, cbm. Chas. S. Henry, bcc’ry. Remarks of the ILm. John McPherson Ihrricn, on communicating the action oj the meeting. May it please the Court: — My breth ren of the bar, who have recently held a meeting, on receiving the intelligence of the death of Hon Robert M. Charlton, have confided to me, the honorable but painful duty of making to you the official an nouncement of that lamented event, and of presenting to you, certain resolutions which they have adopted on this melan choly occasion. I will not trespass upon your time by a vain attempt at a moment like this, to pro nounec in terms commensurate with its subject, the eulogy of our departed broth er. The remembrance of his many virtues lis inscribed on the hearts of those who hear me —and that duty will be faithfully discharged in i ursnance of one of the reso lutions adopted at the meeting. A brief remark may, how r ever, be permitted to me. I lie elder Judge Charlton, the father of the deceased, was my cotemporary in the study of law. Years have gone by since he passed from among us, and we are now called to mourn the death of the son. In the dispensation of Providence, it has thus been allotted to me, to witness the departure from this transitory scene, of two generations of that family. To me, the event is aw k *niag—to all, it should be admonitory. It should teach us the uncertainty of human life—how brief, how fleeting—how I transitory, is our sojourn here below. It should enable us to realize the still more j important truth, that this is but the first stage in the series of our infinite existence, of happiness or misery, which human lan guago is alika inadequate to describe. It should, therefore, stimulate us, while en gaged in the active aud faithful discharge of our duties here, to prepare for that sol emn change which awaits us all—for that eternity, to which, with varied, and yet with certain steps, we all are hastening. If purity of life and conduct —il the faith ful fulfilment of his obligations as a citizen —if the warm, cordial, affectionate dis charge of the sacred duties of social and domestic life—if an active, unremitting, expansive benevolence—above all, if an unaffected piety, an ardent, zealous devo tion to the cause of his Redeemer, in whom he had long since made public pro fession of his faith, could have averted the stroke of death, our lamented brother would have been still with ns, among us, in the midst of us, to gladden us by the display of intellectual power, to charm us Iby the exhibition of those benevolent af fections which iu times now forever gone, have afforded us all such unalloyed grati fication In the inscrutable counsels of Providence, it has be n otherwise ordered Our brother has fallen. He has entered upon anew and untried existence, where he is dest lied, we trust., to receive the re ward of his faith in the Redeemer lie loved It remains for us, in humble submission to God’s holy will, to profit by the example of his well spent life. I beg leave to read the resolutions a- dopted by my brethren of the bar, and to ask that yonr Honor would be pleased to direct that they may be entered on the minutes of this Court. Response of Judge Fleming. Gentlemen of the Bar:-'I he announce ment that our friend and brother, Robert M. Charlton, is no more, is received with feelings of the deepest sorrow. I feel— we ull feel—tluit we have indeed lost a friend, u brother, an associate, with whom all our intercourse, whether social or pro fessional, has ever been of the most plea sant and agreeable kind. We all feel that our community has lost, one of its most worthy and useful eitiawns—the Church, of which he was a member, one of its brightest oruameuts—the bar, of the Eastern Circuit, one of its ablest aud most distinguished members. Bright, however, j as were the qualities of his mind, splendid i as were his intellectual achievements, they j become dim in the presence of those bright- GRIFFIN, (GA.) THURSDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY 2, 1854. er qualities of the heart, for-which our de ceased brother was so distinguished, when in life. Strictly speaking, there is none good, but One. In the ordinary acCepta tion of that term, however, we can say with the utmost truth, that our departed brother was a good man. Os liberal views—of catholic spirit—of enlarged he always listened with sympathy to the talc of distress. lie al ways gave and gave liberally to him that asked; and from the needy he turned not away. Having lived a life entirely con sistent with his Christian profession, we in dulge the well grounded hojic, that our loss is Ids eternal gain. Let us profit by this dispensation of Providence, and heed the warning which comes to us audibly from his grave: “Be ye also ready, for in such an hour as ye think not, the Son ofinancorneth ” And when we shall have laid him in that nar row house appointed for all living, let the solemn truth be more deeply engraved upon our hearts, that “We have here no continuing city—no final place of abode;” that “soon, very soon! wc shall all go hence, and the places that know us now, will know us no more forever.” CONGRESS OF THE 11. STATES. IN SENATE, Thursday, Jan 19, 1854. Debate on the President's Proclaim itim r;* gainst the Fillibusitrs, THE SONORA EXPEDITION. Mr. GWIN. Mr. President, I ask the unanimous consent of the Senate to offer a resolution personal in its bearing upon the State which I in part represent here. I desire it to be considered now, and I wish to glYe the reasons why it should be adopted. I will detain the Senate but a very few moments. 1 think that when honorable Senators hear the resolution read, they will seethe reason why I should be granted the courtesy: Resolved, ‘1 hat t'ie IViMidunf of the United ' 1 retpie-lt and in communicate to the Senate the mmiLcr of ships-of-war on tile count of Cali fornia, Oregon, anil Washington, I jl'ier inae. live service, or lying in port unemplo.also, the nnin ‘cr on the whole Pacific coast of North arid South A mcrioa, and their cruising grounds'; nls-o whether, in Ins opinion, the nav.il force ot Ihe U nited B'ittes on ihe Pacific coat, in Ihe tear IBst, was sufficient to prevent the departure from us to foreign territory of any unlawful expedition that ni'ghl he hastily formed from Ihe adventurous per sons tistia’ly to lie found at all points of great commercial activity and enterprise, whether in the United Slates or Europe; also, iheiiunf >er of'ships o!-war ou the Atlantic coast, and other cruising grounds, whether iu active service, or lying in port unemployed; also, the number of troops in California, Oregon mul Washington. Mr. Piesident, I am induced to offer the resolution from seeing in the morning papers a proclamation which I wish the Secretary to read. ‘I he Secretary read it, as follows: A Proclamation, By the President of the United Staler: Whereas, information has been received by me that an unlawful expedition has been fitted out in the State of California with a view to invade Mexico—a nation maintaining friendly relations with the IN nited States— and that other expeditions are organizing within the United States for the same unlawful purpose: And whereas, certain citizens and inhabitants of this country, unmindful of their obliga tions and duties, and of the rights of a friendly power, have participated, and are about to participate, in these enterprises, so derogatory to our national character, and so threatening to our tranquility, and are thereby incurring the severe penalties imposed by law against such offenders: Now therefore, I, Franklin Pierce, Pre sident of th 3 United States, have issued this, my proclamation, warning all persons who shall connect themselves with any such enterprise or expedition, that the penalties of the law denounced against such criminal conduct will be rigidly in - forced; and I exhort all good citizens, as they regard our national character, as they respect our laws or the law of na tions, as they value the blessings of peace and the welfare of their country, to dis countenance, and by all lawful means pre vent such criminal enterprises; and I call upon all officers of this Government, civil and military, to use any efforts- which may be in theirjoower to arrest for trial and punishment every such offender. Given uuder my hand and the seal of the United States, at Washing ton, this eighteenth day of Jan uary, in the year of our Lord [l. s.] one thousand eight hundred and fifty four, and the seventy-eighth of the Independence of the U ni ted States. FRANKLIN PIERCE: By the Pre.-itlent, W. L. .VUrct, Scc’ry of State. Mr. G•’ IN. Mr. President, this pro clamation was issued against persons who are said to be citizens of the State of Cal ifornia I wish to bring to the notice of the Senate and the country a fact which I think it is proper should go out to the country with that proclamation, and it is this: that at the time this expedition is said to have been gotten up in the State of California, the United States had no ! force there to prevent the sailing of such expeditions. 1 wish to bring it to the no tice of the Senate and the country, that at the very time the first expedition went from California, a single steamship-of-war with a single gun, could have prevented it. And, sir, is there no allowance to be made for the state of the country which was its destination—Lower California and Sonora? Sir, here was an expedition of forty-five men that passed out without obstruction from the Golden Gate, less than a mile wide, and which any one gun can com mand, as against a ship without cannon, an/1 they went to a country as large as half a dozen States of this confederacy, took possession of it, andt issued a procla mation proclaiming it a Republic. If the President of the United States intends to prevent such expeditious there and elsewhere, he should have a force of the United State* to prevent their depart ure. At the time that this vessel left the harbor of San Francisco, there were but two ships-of-war in active service pn the whole Pacific coast of North and So ith America -one at the Sandwich Islands, having been ordered there for the purpose of preventing the cons ,, .mmation of one of the expeditions referred to in the procla mation; the other, as ijr all supposed, was cruising lit the mouth of the Gulf of Cali fornia, but subsequent information informs us that it had been ordered to the coast of Peru, to look after some difficulties which our Government has had with that repub lic. Now, on a coast of over ft. e thousand miles, we had but two of vrar to pro tect our commerce ritd maintain onr neu trality obligations. Is it not a farce to say that such a force can accomplish these objects? There was also a second expedition re ported to have sailed from San Francisco, in a vessel with two hundred and fifty men on boar.l, which wus towerl out of the harbor by a steamship without the slight est obstacle on the part of the Government of the United States, and why? Because it had no force there. When we ask for a steamship in the revenue service to pre vent smuggling on that coast, wc are told that it costs too much; and w r hen I ask that appropriations shall be made to put that coast in a state of defense, I am al most scouted at, because it oo’.ts so much money. This miserable system of econo my has left us without Government power, either to defend us from an enemy or pre vent the sailing of unlawful expeditions from our ports. Here, now, we are proclaimed to the world as going to and disturbing the peace of other nations, by expeditions got up on that coast, when we are given a carte blanche to go where we please, and violate any law w’e please, so far as the power of the Government is concerned; for the only ! law rigidly executed there is the law of taxing us, aud collecting the revenue from us. Now, Mr President, lam opposed to all unlawful expeditions of this sort; but it most be known that in anew country like California, where there are so many adventurous spirits, and where the coun tries adjoining us are offered to us simply for the going and taking them, the power of the United States must be vigilantly aud properly executed, if such expeditions are not to be earned out. Mr. President, it must be known to the people of this country that when there arc some of the richest mineral countries in the world adjoining the State of California, with a population utterly unable to defend them against the Indian tribes in their neighborhood, expeditions of thin kind will proceed from California, unless the force of the Un ted States there is sufficient to prevent them. Wherever our people go they carry wealth, power and prosperity with them, and never forget the principles of liberty they have inherited from our forefathers; and although such expeditions should not be encouraged or allowed, if they succeed, the present inhabitants will be more powerful and prosperous through the change of government than they ever were or can expect to be, without the change. •> What is the condition of our army on the Pacific coast? It is not, and never has been efficient, from local causes we have failed to remedy by legislation, al though urged to do so. These expeditions can go by land to Sonora, and, in my o pinion, have gone, or will go; and this paper proclamation of the President will have no effect in stopping any such expe dition, because we have no force there to enforce it. It is useless for the Chief Magistrate of these United States to attempt by procla mation, to stop any such expedition. As long as the principle of territorial expan sion is recognized, and such countries lay on our border as Lower t alifornia, Sono ra and the Sandwich Islands, just for the taking, and the Government of the Uuited States opposes no effective preventive force, you will find citizens of the United States engaged in such enterprises; and they will be successful. Proclamations without effi cient force will iX>t stop them Why have we uot had a steamship-of war on the Pacific coast? Because it is said to be too expensive on a sea-coast of sixteen hundred miles! Coal there costs thirty or forty dollars per ton,'when here we can get it for about silt Here we see again that miserable system of economy, penny wise and pound foolish, that destroys all of the efficiency of Government, aud my constituents are to be branded with infamy for violating laws that there is no power to enforce. I w’arn the country that unless the pow er of the Government is exercised efficient ly on that coast, they cannot expect us to stand'still when we are invited into mag nificcnt countries which lie around us, and see the Indians take possession of them, when we can get them at the will of the inhabitauts. I am very much •arprised at the issuing of this proclamation at this time, because it comes tob late. I am anxious to aid the” President of the United States in ob serving our neutrality laws; and if it is true that a treaty has been negotiated lately, by which a large portion of Mexico is to come into our possession, it shows inevita bly that the public opinion of the people of the United States, as reflected by the Executive, desires possession of the terri tory negotiated for, whether in the way of purchase or otherwise. I hope that treaty embraces all of the territory on our border which Mexico is not able to protect from such incursions and Indian depredations,, and that We shall have a mbuntain or desert httmdary be tween the two governments that eair he’ defended by each. If it does not embrace such an extent of couutry, I shall favor such a modification of it as will accomplish this desirable object. Mr. PETTI P. Ido not know that I have any objection to the proposition which has been offered by the Senator ■from California; noram I disposed to cast any reflections upon Ids constituents, whom lie defeuds so ably. But I must be allowed to say that I think it is the strangest defence'thntT ever heard given Os any man's constituents, lie, in-'cifcct, says that if'you will surround hrs’constitu ency with bolts;’aud bars,•with war steam ers, with sottiierS With‘asms in their hands, they wißeease staling; and marauding; that they will if you! will compel them to be honest. Who would not be honest under such circumstan ces? Why, sir, lie says there are inviting fields es gold, rich mineral wealth, and broad acres, that are desirable to the eja there. I7ticie are such not to be found? And kc Says-that his constituents, intelli gent, and worthy, and peaceable as they are, or as he would make us believe they are, cannot restrain their own greedy, grarping appetites to appropriate that which belongs to their neighbors, unless you surround them with avail. They are constituents that no man ou Jit to be proud of, however proud he may be. Sir, I regretted to hear, and I am sor ry to have it alleged on the floor of the Senate of the United States, that any portion of our fellow citizens, in order to keep them within the bounds of duty as individuals and citizens of this Republic, towards all other countries and all other men, must be constrained by force in a body I know that in all communities there are law breakers—those who will not abide the law—those who must be re strained; but I did not suppose that it pertained to whole bodies of men, whole communities, and whole localities. Why, sir, it is in effect saying, in neigh b trhood transactions—for nations are but individuals in a situation of neighborhood towards each other, and should act in like manner-that the rights of neighborhoods cannot be maintained. The peaceable citizen, who is a neigh bor of a local society, and observes his own rights and thone of his neighbors who neither suffers his own to be trampled npon, nor wantonly tramples upon those ot his neighbor—who neither allows his own property to be appropriated lawlessly i for the benefit of another, nor wantonly, with rapine, lays his hands upon the prop erty ot others—will conduct himself iy like manner as a member of society and a portion of Government. Sir, the Senator has said neither more nor less than that these men, his constit uents, whom he calls such, if their neigh bor’s houses lay open, and treasures ofi gold and valuable commodities were to be tound in them, and there v- as not a watel* dog or sentinel at the door, would forget all morals, all law, aud all right, and wan tonly possess themselves of their neighbor's goods S”*, J art son*}’ to hear it said that nay 1 portion ol our people, in great ‘masses at ; any rate, are so disposed I did not lie- j lieve, I could not believe it wots so. lam j sorry to bear any Senator upon the floor of the Senate of the United States an nounce that his constituents are so dispo-, s-“d, that notiiing bat bar. and bolts —noth laws, not statute-', rot mo'vd suasion, nor any regard duty, public or private Will restrain them from this rapacity, but the force and power of the Government must be applied to prevent it. Sir, it may be possible, and I cordially agree with that Senator in saying that “i do not think ‘ there is a sufficient force upon the Pacific j coasr. It ought to be there, but for other and different purposes The Golden Gate s !, ou! Ibe fortified and defended; there should be more mon-of-war steamers be longing to the military marine upon that coast or in that ocean. But I protest that it ought not to be there for tiie pur pose of preventing the citizens from steal ing and robbing. It should not be neces sary to have such a force there to prevent these things, but the moral force and intel ligence which should govern all portions of the constituents of all of us should be sufficient for that purpose. Your guns j should be there to guard ami pioted, the iutegrity and security of your own; territory. Mr. GWIN. Mr. President, the Sen ator from Indiana states that I got up here lo defend my constituents for commit ting acts of lawless robbery, because the United Slates did not put bolts and bars around them to prevent them from doing it. | Mr. PETTIT. If the Senator will 1 allow me, I will correct him. I d'd not J say tit .t he had got up to defend them, but that he had got up, undertaking to defend his constituents, lrblr fbi* that act, but ad-1 mitting that they were of that class who , would rob and steal, if not prohibited or prevented by bolts and bars Mr. GWIN. That is not true. I made no such statements, and no such legitimate inference can be drawn from what l did state I said that the President had is sued a proclamation against certain expe ditions which had passed from California for the purpose of invading a foreign ter ritory; and I gave as a reason why these expeditions had passed from oar territory, that the Government of the United States h id f died Lo put inch a force there as would prevent their sailing He says this is de fending stealing, and that I am in favor of having bolts and bars put around my constituents Why, sir, what do his con stituents have at home to prevent lawless acts, perhaps as frequent there as any State in the Union? Mr. PETTIT. Their Senators do not talk about it on the floor here. Mr. GWIN. The Senator shall not interrupt me. The President. Order! Mr. GWIN. There are jails and peni tentiaries for culprits in Indiana. The State authorities protect tin; citizens a gainst acts of depredation. But, who but the Uoveruineirt of the United States has control oft he foreign police of the coun try? llow is the President to enforce lus proclamation unless by using tli6 arm of the United States? Sir, I was not defending these exped’- tions, hut I was say ing that the President of the United States could not have pre vented them wit h the effective force of the United States now on that coast Ido not charge this President with neglect, nOr him'who preceded him; hut I said if the Uo/eminent of the United States had but, a sufficient force there, and had used it efficiently, such expeditions could not have sailed from our ports, Is this de fending them? Ido not say that there are not lawless men in California, but not move than in other sections of the. country who cannot resist that important precept of the Holy book, - Lead us not into temp tation.’’ Why, Mr. President, I hare a distinct recollection when the drum an l the lift ’ summoned volunteers to go to Texas f-v the various portions of the Atlantic coast, and that the Government was censured for not preventing such movements. Nor am I defending them. No, sir, hut I say, when the President issues such a proclama tion, it is the duty of this Government to provide means for its enforcement., and to have that kind of force on the spot which is necessary to prevent the organization ol such expeditions I hat is the ground which I t?.ke. With what justice and truth can any Senator charge me with defending any lawless acts? My constituents p*ty tax to keep tip an army and navy, and we ere entitled to the benefits of them, either for protection against a foreign enemy, or to enforce our neutrality laws, if that he necessary. As to surrounding the country with holts and bars, or an army or navy, 1 ask for no ach thing. I'm. re is at present hut one point on the Pacific coast where such an expedition could he fitted out—the harbor of San Francisco—and there, as I stated before, a single steamship with one gun could effectually arrest it, lam not interfering at all in regard to these expeditions, nor defending them, but I say that such a proclamation, backed by no force, will have no other effect but to irritate the people of that State. I wish to call the attention of the Sen ate and the country to the fact that there is not a gnn mounted on the Pacific coast —that there was not a ship of war, whe > these expeditions sailed, within thousands of miles of our coast. I wish to get this information before the American people, to how the necessity of having some means of defence there, against foreign enemies as well as lawless expeditions. The Southern Rmaie for the Paci fic Railroad. Maj-r K. Stein, Ist Dragoons, U. S. A., has written a let’rr from Fort Web ster, New Mexico, to the Austin (Texas) Gazette, in which he says, in relation to the Country on the Kiver Gila, that there is not a hill over a hundred feet high, on the parallel of 32 degrees, from ten miles above the town of El Paso to San Diego. There is much less difficulty west of the Kio Grande, than east of the same, to the city of Austin; the greatest exis'iug diffi i cuity is the scarcity of wood and water. ! But lie looks upon this as being tio’hing ! to compare lo the mountains from the O hio river to Baltimore. 11. is fully satis fied that tire I exas route is three hundred miles shorter than any other route spoken of; that a railroad can he built from Aus tin, via Et Paso,to Ban DDgo, far thir- ty millions of dollars. I’he distance would he aboui thirteen hundred miles, and the cost of i is construction would he some twenty millions less than any other road from any other point on the Mississippi 10 the Pacific Ocean. In addition to other considerations, the road would pass through an ex'iemely healthy and pleasant climate the w hole distance. Major Stein says: Jdo not think that I say to much, “when ! say that 1 have set j n more of the country w est of the old Slates, as far as the top ol the Rocky Mountains, than any other white man living, including all the routes spoken of for the Railroad; and 1 entertain not the slightest hesitation in giving it as my opinion, that this route is far superior to any oth r. I repeat, that it can t-e constructed for twenty millions iess money —it would be three hundred miles shorter—no mountains to overcome or tunnel—no snows, and climate good all seasons of the year.” The Rat and the Weasel. \ly informant states that a farmer in I the State of Maine of his acquaintance, I had noticed at different times, for the pe riod of two weeks, combats between a I large rat and a weasel in his barn; from which encounters tlie latter invariably i came off second best. One day, being iat work near his barn, his attention was attracted to the wea&T very busily en | gaged in digging a bole in the dung heap, j He watched the weasel untd he had ‘tun nelled’ the heap, and made a hole of con siderable size at the entrance and about half way through the heap; the rest of the hole was tapered off, so that at the place of egress it was of barely sufficient size for the slim little body of the weasel to pass through. When ‘he plotter had fin ished his hole, he went into the barn and engaged his antagonist ratship. Beaten, of course, again in the encounter, the wea sel ran, pursued by the rat, into the hole of the dung-hill, the grain-eater little sus picious of the snare laid for him. Like many unfortunate beings, the p: or iat was ‘stiuck,’ and halted suddenly hetweeu the two extremes; while his cunning lit tle foe emerged from the small end, and whipping round briskly to the larger en trance, “brought up the rear,” and there was soon a dead rat. Here now was a regular plan laid, a shrewd deesign car ried out successfully on the part of the \ • sel for ('• uroying a foe which was O ‘ much tor bin in a fair fight. Ii showed forethought and contrivance, ant theso are very srong symptoms of something more than mere instinct, — reason.— Valley Far- vie”. Franklin College. The Board ol Trustees, at their recent called’meeting, postpone 1 the election of Prof, of Mathematics, until their annual meeting ai Commencement. We under stand that the postponement was in con sequence ol the small number of trustees in attendance. The patrons of the Col lege w ill be gratified to learn that Presi- dent (’hutch has consented to discharge the duties of that chair in the mean lime His ability and long experience as a Mathematical instructor, gives ample as surance to the public, that the students ol the University will lose nothing by this temporary vacancy. He will he assisteo by the a file and distinguished Professor ol Natu 1 Philosophy aud Chemistry’, Di. John LeConte. We understand that the present term has opened with an usual number of stu dents, and with every indication of the continued prosper'v of the University ! Uftnnft. The Caloric Shi>. Capt. Ei lesson, in a n.te 6 ti e editots of the New York Express, say.*: I’he new engines aiv completed, and have bee i at work for seveial days, the'r Operation proving conclusively, that the rai-tical difficulties which attended the Trsl arrangement haveall b en overcome, Ihe new engines are much reduced in size, whilst their principle of action is the same as before, with this exception only, that condensed a'niospherie air is employed in place of tbe ordinary atmos pheric, for producing the motive power. This modification admits of an iccrease of power, limited only by the capability of retaining the pressure in the machine. Some difficulty has been experienced in this respect, and it is this which has cans- ed some delay recently. The obstacle is however nearly removed, and the public will shortly have an opportunity of judg ing by practical evidence of tbe merits of the Caloric Ship. Lake Ontario and Stone Mountain. Every one knows how prone men are to connect their own private surround ings with every view which they take of the world, and how fr qnently in express ing their thoughts, tbev borrow metaphors from the occupation in which they are engaged. An amusing instance of this, equal, we think, to that of the Yankee millwright f whom Niagara was but a fine stream for whirling spindles', has been related to us of a Kentucky h“>g-drover. He had been North, and seen among o tiier things, the magnificent Lake Ontario. The impre sion it made upon him was marked though slow’ in taking effect; and seems not to have had full force until he reached Georgia,, on his return trip, and stood before the sublime grat.deur oi Stone Mountain. Here the Lake, the Moun tain, and los own t flairs combined in one grand total in his mind, and his excited feelings found vent in the enthusiastic ex clamatiwn—“Gosh! es that rock was het (heated) and pitched into Lake Ontario, whut a place it would ba for scaldit g hogs.” mfr-sissirpi t iiiicd Stales gettatfr On Saturday, the Ith ult. the Legisla ture of Mississippi elected the lion. Al bert G. Brown to the United States Se nate for six years,from the 4th of March, 13‘)3. The following is the vote: A G. Brown received 10 votes. H S Foote ** 2J “ W. L. Sharkey “ 1 W. A. Lako “ S A. K. Mediting “ 2 F.'M. Rogers “ 8 “ J. A. Quittmaav “ 1 “ J. D. Freeman “ 1 “ The Mississijipian thus speaks in rela tion to the newly elected Senator: “Mr. Brown takes his seat in the Se nate of the United States, a firm support er of the principles contained in the Balti more platform, which he holds, have been carried into practice and rigidly maintain ed by President Pierce. The policy of the Administration, of which Mississippi’s ever beloved and cherished son, Jefferson Davis, is a pillar, meets his warm appro val, and he will defend it against assail rnent from whatever quarter. The wishes of the people, whose accredited agent lie is, and the dictates of his own matured judgment, point out to him no other course. He advocated the policy of the Adminis tration in all his public addresses, and his election by the same boily to whom was submitted the extraordinary message of Gov. Foote assailing the cabinet, can be regarded in no other light than as a signal triumph for the President and his confi dential advisers, and a distinct declaration to the spoilsmen who arc waging a factious and unprincipled war upon the Adminis tration, that they will reeeive no counte nance or support from the Democracy ol Mississippi “The antecedents of the new Senator, and his qualities of head and heart, justify the belief that he will, in his Senatorial career, come fully up to the expectations of his warmest supporters.” Young America. —“My son,” saida di'atiog father who was about taking his son into business, “ what shall be the style of the new firm?” Well, governor,” said the one*and twenty youth, looking: in the heavens lo find an answer, “I don’t know, hut suppose we have it ‘John Satnplin & Father.’” The old gentle man was struck with the originality o the idea, but could not adopt it. A mat l ied gentleman, present at a rapping circle, being informed that that power depen ‘ed wholly on the will, beg ged that his wife might try it, as he had never seen any thing resist her with Proposition to sell three fifths of the Western <Sc A.. Itnifro id. Mr. 1 hornton of Muscogee introduced A. hill in the llouge of Representatives on Saturday, proposing to sell three-fifths of the Western & Atlantic Railroad. We have not had time to examine the bill with minuteness, therefore can give but few of its leading provisions The bill proposes to estimate the value of the Road at Five Millions, and the same to be divided into fifty thousand shares, at one hundred dol lars per share, incorporated under the style of the Western & A R Kpad Com pany. The shares composing the threo fifths to be advertised in eight newspapers in the State, in. papers at New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Washington City and Charleston, for three months previous to the sale, which is to take place at th< Seat of Government, aud to be sold in lots, of ten shares each. A few days after the sale, the stockholders to elect a Board of Directors and the Governor to- appoint directors on the part of the Ntate—the’ •stockholders to meet bineniafly; neither of the three great Roads, the Central, Ma son & Western and the Georgia, to own over ten thousand shares each in said Road. Fare aud freight not less than on these three Roads. We should be pleased to publish the bill but have not tbe space ’ his week l'ai Union. No. 5.