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VOL. XV. •Tim mm mmm. is rrni.isnr.n r.vert tiiuusoat morning BYWILLIA?.! CLINE, A:.- Tttc Sellers and PiftyTCcats per an num. or Twe TJ&llars paid via advance. I'HKMK.NTS .ire inserted at OXt r ..rr : -ijiiarr,'*r !:■•* first insertion, n* r Ji* *'/i.. T 5 j.er sqnai*, lor cadi insertion A re'. #'r • dediivaioTi “ill he made to those wh i-j'. er •hv the ye*'. >!; • ( .||S! moots a.t otherwise ordered, will h0..., r a ll ‘ll* -‘■id > ;r r:s or LAXD* hv Administrators, .v-, r s >r loaMii,ins are required I1 law to he * ~n tii- !-rv T ‘i’mlsv in the nmnili, between t:-.- ‘it in tti<‘ joreuuon nod throe in ‘hr f iv rr I|,<> ft.„ir-M->ne, in the enmity in ,; Is 4,|,Hied. Naiiee •’ these sale, must s •!ven in i pnhhe Ho bOR l Y DAYS J.rw:*inn *i I t**’ *:>v ol jj ■ yor .VKG ROES must tie made at p.ih t . \.,,,.VJ vl C(1 til- first Tuesday of the nu-nlli, he • w-'e., in.- usual hours of sale, at the yl.iee id puli I-. tn Ihe ri’ini v where the letcrs I eel a at’ A hn’ ii'dr ‘lion or Gmirdianship m i. •.•ranted; firs! •fivinir FORTY /Ml . .nee tbe.-of-.n oue of the pnhlie jraZeties ol Hi <• <* . hi.l ai the sc-iirt house nhe o sueli salearsi t- Is *-.-'* and. Nn’ e*. P.r the s ite of Persona! Property must . rireu in like manner FORTY DAYS previous ,In - d IV o'* sate. V ,!.<•• to so l c ’■editors ol an estate must He pith''Shod FOR TY DAYS. Si* lie” that ■ii.ulieation wilt he made to the Court o i.e,rv r.r i.Kvr. TO •ru. I.AN'D must he puh l;,., .s iv TO O MOXTIIS , Vor I.r.IVK TO SHI I. Nf.CROF.S must he p ih sh • I TWO MOXTIiS before any order ah w s'*i!l h’ mate I hereon !>V tt. ( O'irt. nTATIOXS for l.ett-rs of Administration, s- she ! thirty pays; f ( ,r nismission r-, n \<! fu iwtralion. MONTH! T six months; lor )<• it’ (roi.i Gti;irtiiins!?. Forty n-ih-sfor h* Poredostueof Mort ; .*affe must he pi'S'uV’ I M'iNTHOY sou fotth months, estab- P <V'l I-n! aiaM tor the full spare of three months; f.r roin.ie'lin” titles from lvx.enlornrs V l iii ;’s : n*’i r s,wheie a hood lias been jpvenhy V. d'.e ised the fn'l • nr:’ id THttrr M ivtit. fOXCRESS OF THE l STATES. IX SEX ATE, Tnur.?DAV, Jan. 19, IS >4. on ;!r> Presltlent’s Proclß- Enation ike Fillibusters. tap, soxoifi.v r.xi'EDiTsox. 00IACIU;3ED. M'. B vr> >lvl. Mr. Preidetit, I a-j pr,-e ‘.vitii the honorable Senator from Cal ifornia, that there ought to have i)eeu a force oil th.o Pacific coast, sufficient to en ahle the offioers of the United States to jT- v rit the settiiig out of this lawless cx |ud tion—an expedition, the successful) iir.<- cittion of which, from one of the ports 1 , of the United States, is calculated to in f V.-; a deep reproach upon our national ••har:\c**r. But I must be permitted to! sav, that I think the honorable Senator j frtm California is mistaken in attributing) 1 l-tnc on account of the omission to have! such u force there, either to the present or! in.- late adniiaistration. ’I hut Senator and m. >e’.’ w< !! know that the system of cut tine ile v. n tl'C estimates which obtained | dv’-iticr t!ie last Congress, and the Congress 1 before, left both the late and the present i Ad il.i'tr.ithm without the pecuniary] ue. ns of e.aiv.taiuing such a force there as’ slk'u! :. iv. i’ c the tiovernment at all times j or -Kired to execute its laws, and vindicate: ti e character of the country against these I law] h.jirtdatura upon peaceable States j U*ij’ I ill '''s t US j XuW, At, : t is possible, nay, it is proba bV t that ‘ might have been in the power of h- p-osrnt Cecr. :ary of the Navy, or t.i x. * ...ir Secretary, or of his immediate! • -.■ to<- m office, to lu-.vc placed a Fufficient force w, ti.e Pacific coast; but, n. f.i-.i.d fr ju California knows that ill order to do that, with the existing means of the G over;:, a-A , and the amount of i:? 7, ’ so: *e at ids command, ho would have !>e -a cw,s rily oblige--! to weaken the naval rower which Lite i.it rests of the country reriuire s'ioaid be maintained in other parts of ti.e world. I think, therefore, ihai so far as any blame can be laid to the Government on this subject, we, of the two il *us’ sos Congress, must assume to foot the bill. The Administration present, and the Administration past, so far as I see, are bo'ii blameless upon that subject They j have stated to us in their estimates what! the necessities of the country require —i 1 hoy h ive asked tint the necessary amt j should be voted. Congress has refused , Tii re are no means by which a President j of the United • talcs can raise money but through the instrumentality of an act of Congress, lie cannot levy “ship money,” ns the Kini of England once did. lie cannot make involuntary contributions tinder the denomination of ‘benevolences 7 He can only apply what you place at his ” disposal to maintain the honor and enforce the laws of the United States. I feed per suaded, strongly persuaded, that if the Senator from California, and myself, wno always resisted in the committee on S'aval Aif iii s, and on this floor, this system of capriciously and arbitrarily striking down the appropriations, could have been sue eessfnl in our views, this late transaction would not have happened -which we all doplore, and which will be considered abroad as a reproach upon our national character, as if we were disposed to look with toleration, it not witii favor, upon such lawless adventures upon the dominions of peaceful Powers in our neighborhood. I thought it right to say thus much be cause i tiiiiik that while we arc speaking ‘ > iust terms of indignation of such a pro .<■, it is right not to inflict blame where t-p blame does not projierly lie .Mr. ShIIELUS Mr. President, I wiil not protract this debate; for what lias been said by my honorable friend from Indiana, [Mr. Pettit,] and my distinguish ed frieii:l from North Carolina, [Mr. Bad ger,] makes it unnecessary for me to say a word. >ir, 1 regretted to see the Sena tor fro a California rise in his place and charge the President of the United States with a negieet of duty —for it amounts to that —in that he hail not furnished suffi cient force to prevent these depredations. Mr. OWIN’. President, the Sen ator from Illinois is! surely mistaken. I have not said any thing of the sort. Mr. SHIELDS. hat the honorable Sen itor said surely {(mounts to that. Air. GWIN. It/certainly dogs not; and I did not iuttnd any such thing. Mr. SHIELDS. He charges the Go-i vermnent of the United States, as I un derstand, with blame and .censure for not having a naval force on the Pacific coast to prevent these unlawful expeditions; and; yet he is the chairman of the committee * on Naval Affairs, whose especial duty it is to furnish that force and he has neglect ed, or has been unable to furnish a suffi cient, force to the President to prevent these unlawful expeditions. So, sir, with regard to the military force on that coast; that is also insufficient; but we cannot blame the Prhsident, be cause lie lias not furnished a force which does not exist Our Navy is insufficient to protect our coast, and our Army is also insufficient. j The Senator from California, if I under stand him, also blames the President for issuing this proclamation. Sir, I think the President would not be worthy of the position that lie holds if lie did not issue ucli a proclamation. He must, so far as lie can do it, as the Executive head of this nation, absolve the nation from the disgrace of those lawless, unpirneiplod, vagabond expeditions. The honorable Senator seems to justify this pitiful expedi- I tion of forty-five men, as I understand ! him | Mr. GWIN. Ido not wish the Sena l tor to misunderstand me stall. 1 did not begin or pretend to justify it, and I have not done so from the first; but 1 stated that it went out because there was no force to arrest it. Mr. SHIELD.*?. ] am glad to find that the Senator docs not justify it. lam glad to find that there is not one Senator on this floor who will justify such an expe dition. Before the Senator charges the President of the United St dcs with neg lect of duty, or reproaches him, he should rise in his place and tell us where the President was to find the vessels to go there to protect that coast. Mr. GWIN. 1 will do it when the Senator is through. Mr SHIELDS. I should like to hear the Senator do it, and to show that fact. Sir, I have more than contempt for such expeditions as this Walker expedition, upon that poor, helpless defenceless, and I unsuspecting population. My opinion is, j that the men who could go there, who could go down upon the poor defenceless I inhabitants of the frontier of .Mexico and surprise them, as it were, would do what they have done when they meet with re sistance—fly back to their vessels again. I repeat what was said by the honora ble Senator from North Carolina, that such expeditions are bringing reproach up on the country; and the President would share in that reproach if he did not pur sue some course to arrest it. Mr. GWIN. Mr. President, the Sen ator from Illinois might have withheld his reproaches upon these men who are now in their graves. The last intelligence in forms us that they have all been put to j death. It was uncalled for to reproach : men who have suffered for tlie crimes which he alleges they have committed. I Sir, it is one of the charges which [ bring ! against the efficiency of this Government, 1 tliat it has not been able to stop such cx- ! peditious and prevent such catastrophes, j Mr. SHIELDS. Will the honorable ! Senator tell ns wherein the dereliction of i the Government consists? Mr. GWIN. If the gentleman had 1 listened to the resolution, he would have | seen that it asked the President of the! United States to infottn us where the na- j val forces of the country are. I can tell; him where some of our ships-of-war are I do not pretend to say tliai the expo ; dition to Japan has not had beneficent, ‘useful, and important purposes to accom plish. Ido not pretend to say that the naval force in th t expedition is not pro perly and usefully employed; but, sir, if tiie President of the United States cannot maintain our neutrality, and keep so largo a squadron in that service, the question presents itself whether it would uot be better to order one of the stcaraships-qf war accompanying and composing part of ! that squadron to the coast of California. Sir, I was in favor of the Japan expe dition; but I simply wish to know whether ] it is not the duty of the Chief Magistrate of this natiou to place the naval force of the United States-inefficient as I ac knowledge it to be—so as to see that the laws are faithfully executed, and that our commerce and our honor, as a nation, are uot infringed upon; and if he has done so, I I do not, and have no cause to complain Again, sir, wc have a surveying expa j dilion to Behring’s Straits, in which five j vessels of war are employed. I was in | favor of that expedition, and it was upon J my motion that it was organized; but is it j of more importance to survey unknown j seas, or to so place our naval force as to j do away with the necessity of such pro : clamations? My inquiry is, whether the | Navy of the United states is properly dis- I tributed to protect our neutrality, our j commerce, and national honor? That is the inquiry which I propose by this reso j lution, and if it is, then it will be more imperatively our duty to increase the Na vy, and thus enable the Exocu’. ive to exo j cute his whole duty to the people of the j United States as well as to foreign nations. ! I have attached no blame to the President I have simply stated a fact, which should be recorded in the history of this country —tliat inefficient as our Navy is, we have great an 1 grand expeditious in remote portions of the globe, away from our ter> ritory, within which such expeditions as arc referred to in the proclamation are be ing fitted out, and there is not a ship of war to prevent their sailing. Thg&objoet of my resolution is to get information as to where the Navy, inefficient as it is, was distributed when these expeditious sailed from California; and I wish to know what power the President has at his command to execute with effect the proclamation which he lias issued? lie threatens pun ishment against the persons engaged in such expeditions. Wiiat power has he to bring tiiOoe thus engaged before the courts —for you cannot punish except the crime is committed—and what lorccs, military or naval, is thereon the Pacific to execute that p roe la nation? For what practical purpose is the proclamation issued, when there is no power within the control of the Executive ou that coast to have it re upectei l ( GRIFFIN, (GA.) THURSDAY MORNING* FEBRUARY 9, 1854. It is well known to the Senator from Illinois, and to every member of this body, that ever since I have been at the head of the Committee on Naval Affair-*, I have been for increasing the Navy. It is known that I have, in my place, time and again, brought forward and urged upon the Se nate the necessity of appropriating the ’ amount asked for in the estimates of the Navy Department. Here, in my place, as the organ of the committee on Naval af fairs, asked last session for the building of five or six additional steamships-of-war. And during this session, by the unanimous approval of the committee, brought for ward a report endorsing the recommenda tion of the Secretary of the Navy to add nix additional ships-of-war to our Navy. I have at all times, and ou all occasions, advocated the increase of tiie Navy, and why should the Senator refer to me, as chairman of the Naval committee, when he says Congress is to blame for our inef ficient Xavv, when he knows that the fault does not lie with me, but with the other House of Congress? I censure no one, nor any brunch of the government; but state a fact, which cannot lie controverted, that so long as that coast of one thousand six hundred miles in ex tent is filled up with an adventurous peo ple. who have the privilege of gathering the rich fruits which lie along side them, you cannot keep down these expeditions without an efficient naval force. And I say, further, th it when the President issues a proclamation of this nature, he should ask Congress for power to enable him to see that proclamation executed. It is our duty to prevent such t rrible catustrophies as took place at Havana, where fifty A merican citizens were shot down like dogs; and as has recently occurred in Mexico, where, according to the last information we have received, these forty-five individ uals who invaded Lower California were put to death. I know perfectly well that these expe ditious are calculated to cast a stain upon the country; --md the Executive will, when called upon, do me the justice to state tliat. ever since l have been here, 1 have been urging him to exercise the whole of his power in supplying the deficiency of the Navy on the Pacific coast, by chartering vessels to prevent the sailing of such ex peditious, and protect those engaged in them from being put to deatli on a foreign soil without trial. The people of Califor nia are no more in favor oi lawless expedi tious than citizens of other States with the same temptation. Mr. 8110 DUE AD. Mr. President, it seems to me that we have already all the information which is called for by this re solution. Tiie honorable Senator from Cali fornia informs us that he desires toknow how our naval force and ships-of-war have been employed. Why, the Secretary of th* Navy has informed us in the report which was communicated to us by the Pre sident of the United States at tiie opening of the session I have no objection, sir, that the Seta-tor from California shall make the statement which ho lias given to the Senate It may ah be right. L may be necessary tliat lie should call to it the attention of the Senate; but it is quite un necessary for us to pass this resolution; for we shall receive no further information from the President of the United States when he answers the call, than we possess already. Mr. MASON. Mr. President, it is ve ry certain that tiie honor of the country, as well as its safety, is deeply interested in preventing these marauding expeditious from leaving our shores with a view to commit depredations upon foreign powers; but I am not prepared to say at present, at least, that this Government is to change its policy in the use of the military force which is placed at its disposal, either by sea or laud, for the purpose of preventing our people from violating the laws I had not the pleasure of hearing all that fell from the Senator from California, but I think I heard enough from him to under stand his position to be this: I hat our Navy is to be increased, for the purpose of requiring the laws to be executed against our own citizens Mr. GWIN. The Senator will permit me to state that what 1 said was this: If there had been a single ship-of-w.ir in the harbor of San Francisco when these expe ditions were fitted out, it would have been impossible for them to have sailed; and the Government of the United States should execute the neutrality laws, by pre venting the fitting out of such expeditions within our own harbors, and within a ma rine league of the coast of the United States. I did not pretend to say th.it the Navy of the United States could b used out upon the sea in pursuing expeditions got up in the United States Mr MASON. I did not ascribe any such statement t > the honorable Senator at all; but I understood the drift of his remarks to be, that we ought to increase the Navy for some purpose, and, among atlier reasons, because it is shown that a navy is required to prevent the citizens of the country from violating the laws of the country. Now, sir, I deny that absolutes ly and positively. lam no enemy to an increase of the Navy, provided the Navy is increased ior toe legitimate purposes of the Navy. I understand the legitimate purposes of our Nav, in time of peace, to be simply to protect our commerce; and I agree in the policy of the late administra tion, and of the present administration, that when they cau safely and prudently employ a portion of tiie navy in the navi gation of foreign seas and the exploration of foreign waters, for the purpose of in creasing our commerce, it is a legitimate use of it; because nothing gives a greater stimulant to the products of the country than the means of commercial exchange abroad Now, I understand the Senator from California further to say, or at least I gathered troin what fell from him after I came into the Senate Chamber, that lie thought it was not the part of the Execu tive to have issued this proclamation until he first provided there a competent force Mr. GWIN. No, sir; I stated the fact that the cause of this proclamation origi nated from the want of a proper naval and military force to sec that the laws of the United States were executed; and I wish the Senator to understand that I am en tirely in luvor of using the Navy in the way lie mentioned lo prom >tc our no li ra eree. Mr. M ASON. [ hive no doubt the Senator from California has well said, that, from the adventurous character of the population who have gone to our Pacific border, these expeditions are more likely to be fitted out from tliat quarter than from ally part of the Atlantic coast; but I understood him to say. further, and doubtless to say correctly, that there was no point upon that extended seaemst where such an expedition could hare been fitted ©nt but at San Francisco. Mr. GWIN. My reason for that re mark wur this: San Francisco is a city of large population. In other portions in the sparsely settled parts of the country —an expedition of this sort con! 1 not have been gotten up without such notorie ty as would have defeated its object. Mr. MASON. I understood it so; and it is certainly no reflection on tiie people of the city of San Francisco to say, that because from the number of the popula tion and the facilities given there, it is the only point where such an expedition ooald have embarked. Now, sir, I have understood the policy of this country to be, to rely upon the people of the country lo protect each oth er by seeing to the due execution of the laws. Our federal government had no police distributed throughout tin country for the purpose of seeing that the laws are executed; and I will say to the Senator and Semite, that when the day comes that we must have an armed police, by land or water, to see the execution of the laws o! the United States, the days of the liber ties of the country are numbered I pro test against any such policy being avowed in the Senate or adopted by the conn try. Sir, I rat-} the proclamation ->f the Pre sident this morning, and lie has done only what his predecessors have done from the days of Gen. Washington down, whenever they have had reason to believßth-.it there were existing lawless combinations for the purpose of violating the laws, or that any such would be formed In such a case it is toe duty of the President to issue a pro clamation, advising his countrymen of the consequences of such violation of the laws. And why is it issued? It is issued for the very purpose of giving notice to the peo ple of the country that such combinations are likely to arise, in order that the peo ple may put them down. Who ever heard of stationing a ship in any one of our ports for the purpose of preventing expeditions from going abroad? Sir, if a ship were stationed in the Chesa peake B iv, or in Hampton Roads, within the limits of the State which I have the honor to represent her, for the purpose of touching her people their duty, I appre hend they would be false to the reputation which they have acquired from their fath ers, if they did not demand that that ship should be removed; and if it were not re moved, they would remove it themselves. What, sir, is the policy of this government to be to station ships in our ports for the purpose of preventing the people there fro u violating the laws of the country, and implicating us with foreign nations? Never! For one, I should be disposed to hold any President to account who did it. I mean, of coarse, as a general policy —as a general measure of safety. Doubt less when tiie occasion arises, when there is a proper and substantial reason to be lieve that such an expedition is about to be. fitted out, it is the duty of the Presi dent, if he believes it necessary, upon his high responsibility, to use the forces of the country to prevent it; but I say that the idea of keeping ships in our ports, or any where upon our waters, lest such a thing should occur, is a poliev new and unheard of. Now, sir a few words in reference to this particular matter. The city of Sou Francisco has a population of some sixty or eighty thousand inhabitants as well armed, and peril ips better armed, than any population that you can find ou any other part of your coast border. If that population iias neither the ability nor means ol preventing these expeditions from be ing fitted oiit, it will be useless for the Federal Government to attempt it, unless it employs a large portion of the Navy for that purpose. I am against using the Navy for any such purpose as a prevent tivo measure. lam against its going out to the c rantry that there is any necessity for such a use of tiie Navy. And if the purpose of the resolution be to serve as an admonition to the President, as the sense of the Senate, that the Navy must bn so used, I, for one, mast vote against it Sir, I am not personally informed as to the facts, but I have no doubt, from what we see in the newspapers, that the President has taken measures, aiul efficient measures, to prevent the recurrence of those trans actions, without the uie of armed ships stationed at the ports of California to pre vent them. All I wish to do, is to pro test against any such policy that the Navy is to be enlarged, or is to be used tor the purpose of preventing our own people from violating their own laws. Mr. DAW-SON. Mr President, the turn which this debate has taken makes it a very important matter for tiie con itry to understand roaly the grounds whicn give origin to it I did not understand die Senator from California to mike any •iiargc against the late Ulministration or the Present Administration for a want of discharge of duty. I’lie question which now arises is this: Has the President of the United States sufficient means of de fense subject to his Government to meet all the incidents which may occur in this large and extended country? Have we an army sufficient? Have wo a navy suf ficient? These are tiie questions which naturally propound themselves on an occa sion of this sort. Have we forg it ton that, under the treaty with Mexico, we are bound to protect tiie line of frontier be tween the United States and Mexico from Indian depredations? Is it uot now well understood that already claims against this government, arising out of that trea ty, amount Lo something in the neighbor hood of $20,000,000? a id will it be forgot ten that the late Administration called up on the Congress of the United Sta-es to give it the means of carrying out the trea ty, and protecting the Mexicans and the Americans on either side of the line?G Wen the means granted? Were tiie two mounted regiments which were asked for by tiie 1 ite President of the United States mid hi- Secretary c.f war allowed? No, sir, but the appropriations necessary to carry out that request were denied; and , denied hv whom? Not by the Executive, : but by the legislative department of tills government; and if any deleterious conse quences have arisen the fault is here, with ns, Have we forgotten want franspiredon jlv twelve months since, when the very I idea su-rgested by my friend from Virginia, ! the ."hairmau ol the convnitte ou forcd-.ro Relations, a to the sufficiency of tthe civil power of the country to protect his gov ernment, and to put down all attempts at fillibusteriug, was brought forward? tt’as it not then thought tliat the courts alone were to attorn! to these matters? Then, { I know, some members ha re regarded the ! effort of tiie l ist Administration to stop j the Uiiban expedition as a wrong interfer j once, and it was said tliat the civil author- I ity alone should interfere in these mat ters. Now, sir, I did not understand the Sen i ator from Califjraia ns making any charge | against the government ou any of these I accounts All that he desires is to know . whether the government is in an attitude ! sufficient to protect its honor, and to | maintain its standing, and its obligations ’ towards foreign nations? I say it is not. i Our military force is not. sufficient, ami our > army must be increased, not witii the idea of having a standing army thrown j upon the country for no necessary purpose, I bat for a far different reason. From the j extension of our country, our sea coast, l within the lust four years, has been ! doubled, un-1 it requires a much larger j force to protect it than was formerly required. The divisous which have at previous ! times existed between pa'ties in tins coun j try relative to a standing army or a large in ivy cease to exist, because the present condition of the army and Navy does not j come up to the requisitions of either of the ! great parties of the country Protection is the only object of this porposed increase. The object is not to place an iucurnbna upon the country by an overwhelming ar my for needless purposes, or by a navy to rot in your docks; not so Our charac | ter as a nation has grown; oar iinportrancc as a nation has grown; and onr dignity j now can alone be maintained, with that respect due to it from foreign nations, by I the power to enforce any obligation that mar exist upon us as a nation, and any duty that may exist on the part of the ci tizens towards the Government Now, sir, what I wish to say is this: We have gradually gone on disappointing the hopes and expectations of the various Administrations in this regard, i*resi dent Filniore foreseeing, like a judicious man, what was the growing condition of this country, and what would be its iieres si tie*, called upon ns years ago to increase the Navy, and to increase the Army, to give the Executive Depirtraeuts of the Government the power to enforce all the duties which are required of them. Have you done it. gentlemen? Who cat down tiie aroppriatioas for military purposes, and for nav*. purposes during the last year? The reports of our proceedings in the Senate an \ the House of Representa tives wiil tell. Is the failure of the repre sentatives of the people to provide for these thing'.-: to be charged upon tiiis Ad ministration, .or upon the late A 1 umist-ra tion? Certainly not. The fault is here, sir—not witii tiie Executive L am no frien l to a large standing army I have never given a vote with that object in view; b A I am prepared, as one of the members of the Committee on Military alSairs, to which l have belonged since my first entry into this body, to say that the military force of the country shou! ! be increased. That c immittce has, from time t-> time, in accordance with the re commendations of the Pre-Meat of the ‘United Slate::, asked you to increase the Army It was not done. They asked you so prov de for raising two mounted regiuments to enforce your treaties, and carryout honestly and houtrably your obligations. Teat was not done. L>ok nt the extent of frontier line between ns -and Mexico, an i then iet the future toll ; this country what millions wiil have to be paid, under that treaty, by this govern isent to the Mexicans bn account of bur failure to carry oit itsobiigations. Taen when we ask you for tiie power to do so, and it is uot done, who is to blame? Do aot charge it upon the president of the United States, or the Executive Depart meat of the Government, but upon your selves—the representatives of the people, who, for the purpose of keeping down the appropriations, have voted agiiast them to gratify the people at home, who are an acquainted with these facts; and you have thus brought our present unfortunate con dition upon US. A word now in relation to the Navy.- . I have voted for every increase of the Navy which lias been presented since I have been here, for it has been presented in detail Iheco iv nit tee ou Naval affiirs hea ied by my honorable friend from Cali fornia, h.vs reported, for the last three or four years, in favor of an enlargement ot the Nary; and for what reason? To pro teet our sea ports, to protect oar commerce, and to interdict these fill:bu-ter.ug expe ditions, which are so well calculated to dishonor th s Union abroad. Wno fulled to carry oat these propositions which were thus presented? flue representatives of the people. Why, then, will any man insinuate upon this floor, or any where else, that the late or the present President of the United States, and their various heads of Dep art menus, have failed to do their duty?— They have uniform’/, boldly, and strenu ously recommended to us to do whit taoy thought we ought to do; but we, in our wisdom, turned a deaf ear to their sugges tions, and pronounced that the people would not like to see our appropriudons so large. When we stopped the appro priations for a fe w millions, by the simple striking out of aline, we opened a floor gate of claims against this country amo-mt iug to three or four times the sum by winch we kminishe l the appropriations When those claims shall be p esented, if I, shall be :n.nrc :l with a seat on this ll md I shall attempt to give a historical sketch 1 of the action ofths government in relation to these appropriations, from the time of the ratification of the treaty with Mexico down to the present clay; to show who it has been that failed to stronghthen the arm of the Executive Departme tin order to carry out the obligations which were incurred under that treaty. Now, sir, a few words <* in the expe dition of which my friend from California has been speak i ig. Tn.it is one oi the i cidents belonging to a republican form >f g<>ver-.mr-nt. It is one of the incidents belonging to the peculiar character of that section of the country, where the lands, as tlu. honorable Senator observes, are thrown open, am! we are asked to g-> it and protect the peoj.de by giving them a better government than they now have. Yiti) can be foam! everywhere, nut only jin California, but in evey State of this Union,.whose bet'er fecdugs, not whose disposition to rob and to steal, would prompt them to go and take the control of the Government, in order to mitigate the despousm inflicted upou those people, and give to them a prosperity which they never had before. B.cause they have g>mc (hers they are said to be censurable. How? As citizens, IPm not disposed to degrade them, because they were op erated upon by high and m.tgnanimou. heelings. lam as much opposed to filh bu-tering as any man upon ibis floor; but 1 tell you, sir, that it will arise, and it will i continue to arise, until you skirt tli<* whole of your Pacific coast with a naval isower sufficient to intercept all of these expeditions; and are we not bound to do it? A great and powerful nation like the United States should stand upon its honor, and discharge every obligation due toother nation*. Wa never can ho it, sir, until b .th the great parties i.i this country concur in giv.ng strength to the Executive arm of the Government suffi cient to carry out our treaty obligations. I Mr GAIN. I nave no desire to ocou -1 pv the attention of the Senate any further, j Mi I have to say in reply to the i?eiia:<>i from Virginia is, that it this proclamation means any thing, it means that ihe Presi dent of the United States has power to exe cute it. If it is not a mere paper proclama tion, he intends to use that power winch the laws an i the Constitution have pbu e i in his hands tor its execution. And 1 undettake to say, whithoul any special authority on the subject th -Uiie President ha* issued orders to the n vai and mili lary commanders on the Pacific Cviasl to do everything which the {Senator from Virginia says it would be a greare outrage to authorize. Mr. MASON. Will the Senator al low me to interrupt him for a moment? Do I understand him to say that the Pre sident of the United States, by virtue ol any power in himself, has authorized any portion of the Army Oi Navy to ptoceed m the execution of the laws at all, ex cept as auxiliary to the civil power, to excute the process of the courts. Mr. GAIN. I understand the power of the Fiesibent oi the United States to be, to see that the laws are faithfully ex ecuted, and the treaties made with for eign Governments enforced by the laws; and therefore l think that it in his opin ion, at any point of the United States there is an expedition fitted out, by citi zens of the United States, agxinst the territory ofanother Government, in vio lation of tiie treaties of the United States, he has the right to stop that expedition until it is ascertained by the courts of (he. country whether it is illegal or not. That is what I mean to say. 1 havv- no doubt such is the power that has been conferred on the President. But how can you stop until this investigation takes place in the courts? Ido not, however, want to enter upon that question now. In regard to what the Senator from Pennsylvania says about there being no necessity tor passing tho resolution, l do not w’isb to continue the discussion;. I did not iuteo l to p r ovoke it; but when a pro clamation of that sort is issued against citizens of my State getting up.cxpedi- U jus. i wanted to state the acknowledged fact that there was an invitation, if I may so say, from the people of the country invaded to enter into such expeditions; for (hey have no government, no pro tection, and the citizens of the United States, wherever they go, a!Frd thit pro tecti in which th >se pe >p!e do net get from their n xni.ial government. Tuere was a grant tmnptalinu to enter upon the expedition —*no doubt about it. Mr. BADGGII. I would very respect fully suggest to the Senator from Ciliiof* i nia, that I doubt very much whether we j ought to adopt this resolution. I hope, j at all events, the Senate will allow it fc > ‘ remain until another day. It seems to :ne, sir, that the resolution, so far as auv specific information is desired which the ['resident may be supposed to have a com iirtud, is already answered. The Se cretaries of war and tiie Navy, in their annual reports communicated with the President’s message, have stated tiie dis position made of the military and naval for ces of the United States. And I think, as to the question of opinion for which it is proposed to ask the President by the resolution, whether the naval force of the United States was sufficient to have pio vented the act being done, that it is one which we ought not properly to put to the President of the United State.-; be cause, so far as i an; able to sup, without any reasonable foundation in any ficts known to us, it implies that ho might hove prevented wtiat he nevertheless has not prevented, and asks him to answer the question wbethoi he could have done, better with the naval force than lie actu ally h is done. Then, alter we have got the correct information, it will bo nothing but what we have now. It seems to me that the Senator from California had no idea ol presenting the matter in that shape. It is slightly deficient in respect towards the President, in asking him whether the force was sufficient to have enabled him to pre vent the occurrence of these transactions. We must take it for granted that it was not, or he would have prevented thorn. What i mean is this, that if the President had anticipate 1 this event, and had a dis posable naval foiceal his command, he —-—■ -a- - -■ i undoubtedly would have prevented i'. lo imply thul h.. vr.iuh’ n *, asdic inqui ry see ns to do, or that ne <i> edit have been reluctant or neglige it i doing it, is, in some degree, casting an implied ceti sure upon him f r the tninsac.ion. I know the Senator does >ot mean to do tbiii; and I vary respectfully suggest that the resolution had butter not be adopts ‘. .Mr. G A IN. The resolution was drawn ! ip hastily; but l had no intention of cas- I ting any rt-fiec’i.ni upon the President of [the United Suites hv it. I simply wish j ad t > show to the Senate and the cnuutiy j that there was no force to be e unloved there to prevent the expedition. I did j uot intend t > censure any body. I only j wanted trie facts properly presented to ! die country. lam w.lling to let lbs ro [solution be pissed oveqandif there is j anything to be corrected in its phra-eulo gy, I shall not be oppose! to its done. So the resolution was passed over. How TO MAKE IIc.XS DO THEIIt DUTT —- The happiest days in our virtuous life have been spent in the country. There’s where we fastened virtue on us, drove in tho nails and clinched them on the inside, to make a sure tiling of it. This virtue is a jgre.it tiling, and among other good effects, iit leads us ail to do all the g >od we can to assist our fellows to the fruits of our experience Tiie following may be ser viceable to our farmer friends: One day, in our youth, while on trie magnificent farm of Mrs. Nancy Smalieye, we watched her struggling with a fractious hen biddy, wnich she had seized by tho i legs, and was resolutely bearing from the lien roost The screams of the fowl were truly awful, and she spread her feathers some, and indulged in sundry fierce pecks at tho underpinnings of Mr?. Smalieye, evidently dissatisfied with the undignified mode of her conveyance. ‘Wh it are you going to no with her?’ asked wo; going to have a stew for din- I ncr? ‘A stow? No child,’ was the answer. ‘Fetch me a tub from the shed and I’ll show you.’ The tub was speedily brought. ‘Turn it upside down,’ said she. We did ns we were bid, wondering what was fob; done with the biddy. Immediately Mrs. 8 mail eye clapped th? enraged hen under the tub, and with a t iu nphant voice ex< 1 limed— ‘There now stay there you pesky critter. I’ll have it out of you today, oryousha’nt have a mouthful of wittles.’ ‘Have what out of her?’ inquired we, in a perfect cloud of innocent uusophistica ticitj. ‘The egg of course,’ said she. ‘Why, you can’t make a hen lay an egg, can von?’ ‘Poor child!’ said Mrs Smalieye with uplifted eyes and a compassionate smile upon our ignorance. ‘You don’t know how Ido it. You sec, dear Willie, hens will get lazy like other folks, and shirk their duty and won’t lay, as if we could afford to keep them for nothing. Some folks will put up with it, but I won’t, I won’t be iinposod upon by no hen, no in deed. I know their eggs, and I can tell as sure a.s ever was, who docs lay and who don’t. Them that lays, I let have their liberty, and go around and pick and scratch and court the roosters, and tantalise each other and do just about what they please. B .t them th t don't I allers put under the tub. The hand’es, you s>e, dear,have just crack enough for them to see the oth er ho is enjoying themselves-and its ag gravating enough, I know. Sometimes they’re mighty stubborn, and won’t give in; but eventually, they come to their j milk, as the saying is, and lay an egg— | and then I let ’em out. ‘ his hen is the contrariest hen I’ve ever seen I don’t much expect to get an egg out of her be fore four o’clock 1 But it’s got to come out Yes indeed!’ Luckily for the hen, it did ‘come out’ in the course of an hour, and she was libera j ted, and went off cackling proudly, ovi j deully cheere-l by tiie pleasing concious | ness of having done her duty.— Lit. Mu~ Sfurn ■ Pleasantry. A cotn-diun wa;t to A ir.etics, and remained there two years, leaving his wife dependen <m tier rela tives. Mr-. F -H expatiating in the green-room on tbe cruelty of such con duct, the comedian found u warm advo cate in a weil known dramatist. “I have heard,” says the falter, “that be is the kindest of men; and I know that he writes to her every p.\cke r .” “ Yes, he writes,” replied Mrs. F., ‘‘a parcol of flummery a tmut the agony of ab.c .c-q hut has never remitted her a shilling Do you call that kindness?” “Decidedly,” replied the author, ‘'unremitting kindness. ’ Ixmasa Giars.—We fin 1 the follow ing in an excniinge, which proves that some of the girls in iloosienlom are s sharp as there is any need f.r: Two young ladies of Indianapolis, who by-the-bye belong to the bon ton, were outriding in a buggy by themselves, and after driving through the various fashiou aida avenues, they concluded to try the p!ank road. Well to the plank road they •veil’, and while trotting brisk'y along they were suJdautiy arres e 1 by a toll gate keeper, who demanded bis 1011. “How much is i'?” asked the girls. “For a man and horse,” lie replied, “it is fifty cent*.” “Well, then, get oui of the way, lor we are giris; Get up jenny,” and a way they ivem, leaving tho man in mute astonishment. Changes wrought bt Chaxoe.-JL young man in C!a : f >rnia f whose friends at home had neglected to write to him for a long time, adopted the expedient of sending letters to various business men in the neighborhood, inquiring the pricers oi’ land stock, what he could lmy a hand some farm of 200 or 300 acres for, &c , intimating that lie has large sums to invest . By return mail ho received no less than seven letters, all anxiously inquiring after his health, when he was coming, &0., and ‘.as nc lived tan e or four every mail since, .ncluding some very warm ones from an ofl and very cold sweet hear*, No. 6