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TTSL. XT. THR lIORGIA JPFIMNI4N. 16 t-OBUSIIKD KVF.BY THUIISUAY MORNING BY WILLIAM CLINE, At Two Dollar* and Fifty Cents per an nnm, or Two Dollars paidßin advance. A.)VRRTISEMKNTS are inserted at O.Vfe’ liOTJ .Vl per square, (or the first insertion, and FIFTY CENTS per square, for eaeli insertion thereafter. * A reart“*t- .* deduction will be made to those who adrertt t l*v the year. AH a<*oiti*einentg not otherwise orderot!, will hemrtin'.etl lilt firt>id. irT 5.91.F.S OF MUS'D S tv Administrators, K*.<-itor or OosfWhiTMMrre renoired tv law to he held on the firsl Tuesday in the month, between th.* hours o’ ten in the forenoon and three in tin afternoon, at the Court-House, in the county in m hieh flu* ‘and is situated. Notice of these sale, iniiiit he jfiven in a public gazette FORTY D*lY& pr***ios to f he day of sale. SdLES OF NEGROES must he mndeot p;il> lie auction on the first Tuesday ul the month, he tween the usual hours of sale, at the place of pub lie sales in the county where the letters Testa -•lentnry, of Administration or Guardianship mu have t een granted; first emu” FORTY /V? 1 notice thereof in one of the public gazelles of th S*a*i. ami at the court house whercsiuh salearsi to b* held. Not : ce for the sale of Porsonnl Property must l.? given in like manner FORT\ D.l\S previous * tin* dav of sale. Notice to Debtors and Creditors of an estate iimsi he published FORTY D.QYS. Notice th..! application will he made to the Courl Ordinary for i.kavk to sf.i.i. I.and unlit be pub ish-d for TirO MONTHS, Notice for i.f.avk to sf.i.i. NF.nnoFS must he published TWO MONTHS before any order al>- sohtte shall he made thereon lv tin* Court. CIT.iTIO.YS for Letters of Administration ••list be published THIRTY Pays; for Dismission Pum Administration, mokthi.y six months; for Dismission from Guardianship, forty oay. Kule for• he Forechisurc of Mortt'iige must ho published mokthi.y for four months, estnh i<h-ng loo* papers, tor tlie full space of tiirf.k months: for compelling titles from I'.xcciiTors or •dmini sirators.wlieie a bond has been given o •111- dec eased Hie f ilH apace ol TlinF.F. month* FOREIGN NEWS. ___ Additional Foreign Kcws by ttio Baltic. The Baltic, from Liverpool, arrived at New York on Tuesday afternoon, bring ing advices from London and Liverpool to the 22d ult. The secret communications respecting Turkey, which were made by the Emperor of Russia to the English go vernment, with the replies returned to them, had been laid before Parliament. A London letter in the New York Ilcr a-d, says: A considerable sensation has been crea ted in Paris, in political circles, and the wn.-ation will spread to all Europe by the publication of a pamphlet at Paris, called “The Map of Europe.” 1 believe that thero is no doubt but that it was writ ten by Louis Napoleon. It was published by his private publisher, and then, on se cond thoughts, suppressed Not more than two or three copies escaped. One found its way info the hands of the Paris correspondent of the Morning Chronicle, and it was published in cxlenso in the 4 hroiiiclc of to day It is iu every respect a most curious document—it is iu fact a remodelling of the map of Europe, cutting down Russia’s power to narrow limits. The document is so important that I annex it in extenso. Louis Napoleon proposes to restore Finland to Sweden, to give Poland to Prussia as a kingdom under the sovereign ty of Prussia, to give Lombardy to Pied mont. Iu indemnification for the loss of Lombardy, he proposes giving Moldavia and Bessarabia to Austria-the Ottoman empire to have the whole of the Crimea and the trans-Caucasian countries in Asia. France and Englaud not to have any ad ditional territory. It is a bold scheme and meets attention. The Loudon papers publish the secret and conlideutiul documents that have pass ed lietwcen the British government and their Ambassador ut St. Pctersburgh, since the commencement of the present year. The documents are voluminous, lilling seven or eight columns of type, and are of much interest, as they relate, in di alogue shape, the conversations between the Emperor Nicholas and Sir G. 11. Sey mour, the English representative at Con stantinople. In one of these conversa tions the Emperor distinctly intimated that interests (meaning the action ) of Russia and Austria wera identical iu the Eastern question, and, further, that France was endeavoring to embroil Eu rope in war in the East, in order to ad vance objects of her own—among other things to obtain possession ot Tunis. In talking of the position of the Turk ish Empire, Nicholas said he would con sent to give up Egypt and the Island of •Jandia to England, while Russia would keep the protectorate of the Principalities, Scrvia, and Bulgaria. In connection with these documents is ulso published a memo randum of Count Nesselrode, scut for ap proval to the British government, and founded on communications from Nicho las subsequent to his visit to England in i344. The drift of the last named memo raaduin is, t hat Russia and England hav ing a preponderance, the former by land and the latter by sea, in the. affairs of Tur key, should come to an understanding how to divide the spoils in the eveut of the Turkish Empire “crumbling to pieces.” Kusssiu and Austria, being in unison, the Czar considered that if England’s adhe sion could be gained, France would be compelled to submit to their views. *lic EmpvrOr Nicholas will Re fuse. From Vienna, under date Sunday eve ning 19th, the following is telegraphed:— A Russian courier who arrived here on the 16th, brought despatches to the effect that Russia will positively refuse to evacuate the principalities. Something of extreme importance wa3 probably settled the day before yesterday between this government (Austria) aud Prussia, as a member of tho Prassiau embassy went to Oderburg by special train; this was after a Confer .rtoe between Count Buol aud the Prus ; ian Minister.” It is stated from Berlin, i 9th, that the Czar hud replied—“the pro posal of the Western Powers does tot re quire fire minutes consideration—it is re fused!” The War—The Baltic- Sir Charles Napier’s fleet was at Win j Sound the 15th. It is said that the .•gates and vessels of the second class will ter the Baltic by the Sound, and the larger vessels by the Great Belt. The English ships have app'ied to engage sixty Prussian Pilots at Swinueraundc, fStet tcn.] The Borscnhello states that the British Vice Consul at Kiel has received informa tion that Napier’s fleet will come to that Port. A force of 27,000 Russians is on the way to strengthen the garrison of Revel. I lie commander of the troops at Revel had proclaimed that probably the town will be bombarded by the English and French. Women and children were, there fore, advised to quit the city. The Black Sea.— The British steamer Furious, and the French steamer Vauban, has been near euough to Sebastopol to sec a boom extending across the harbor, and to count six ships cf the line guarding the entrance, with four more in the creek, be sides several frigates and brigs The Russians arc preparing to block the mouths of the Danube, by stretching chains across the river. Two Austrian ships of war were at Beycoz, and three others were expected. On the Danube. —To the present time the Russians have made no formal at tempt to take Kalefat, and, so far a* appearances indicate, will not at present do so. Their plan of operation now seems to be to throw a force into the mountain ous part of Bulgaria, and endeavor to raise the Rayah population, proceeding on the supposition that Kalafat, being a fix ed advanced post, will absorb a large pro portion of the Turkish force, thus lea ving the country behind comparatively unde fended. Drs. Fauveo aud Mongery, who, it may be remembered, were dispatched by the government on a tour of medical inspec tion to the Turkish army of the Danube, had returned to Constantinople, and made a favorable report of the health of the troops. Gen. Burgcyno and Col. Ardant had returned to Constantinople, having traced the plan of an entrenched camp on the European side of the narrowest point ol the Dardanelles. It will be completed ere June. Another camp is to be traced out on the road to Airianople. Iu future, foreign officers are to be free lj received into the Turkish service, but only in their actual military rank, and at the same rate of pay as Turkish officers of equal grade. A proclamation (fetoah) of the Sheik nl-Islam, to define the position of the Christians, was daily expected; Fro quont conferences had taken place on the subject of granting equality of civil rights to the Christians. From Asia. A report of the capture of a Russian Convoy with treasure to pay the troops at Kara had reached Constantinople. The Greek Insurrection* Faud Effeudi had arrived at Janina, charged with power to deal with the insur rection. His first act, on arrival, was to grant a general amnesty, aud to remit a part of the taxes; his next to send a mes senger to Athens to demand an explana tion from the Greek government. Although some restlessness is still appa rent, the imurrection may be considered over. Kngland. The Righ's of Nations—Discussion of Privateering — on Colored Seamen in j South Carolina —Extensive Forgeries, ’ 4* c * Parliament, on Friday, 17th, had under discussion a motion by Mr. Gibson to ad dress the Queen, praying her Majesty to give special instructions to the officers of British cruisers to abstain from interfering with neutral vessels on account of any goods not contraband of war that they may have on board; and to direct the Ministry to consider the policy of enter ing into treaty stipulation with foreign countries, on the principle that free ships shall make free goods aud the neutral flag give neutrality to the cargo. Mr. Gib son’s object was to define the position of Britain with respect to neutrals. He strongly urged the nonSexercise of the power of searching neutral ships for ene my’s property. The question as to the right of search had already engaged Bri tain in war. Mr Horsfall in seconding the motion, called the attention of govern ment to the kindred subject of privateer ing and letters of marque. Lord John Russel replied that it was the intention of the government to advise the Crown be fore hostilities took place, aud hoped shortly to issue, in some shape or other, a document, declaring their policy iu the matter; but it was obvious that a docu ment of this kiud, involving questions of policy as well as law, required very great care iu wording. Any incautious expres sion might be attended with serious conse quences. Mr Bright observed that Lord John Russel had tak 3:l no notice of the latter part of the motion, the importance of which as respected the United States of America, he pressed very strongly upon the government. Lord John Russel ad mitted the great importance of the subject. Mr. Gibson then withdrew his motion. Numerous vessels on the stocks are be ing hurried towards completion, and a countless number of small craft are ship ping bread, beef, spirits and other supplies for the force in the Mediterranean. On shore all the men and horses—especially ! in the artillery arm—are being assembled aQspots convenient for embarkation The French ambassador at London gave a banquet on the evening of the 21st, to the Duke of Cambridge, Lord Raglan, and the other British officers of tlxo staff ordered to the East. A ease bearing some resemblance to the Gardiner case lias occurred iu London. Frederick A. Molyns, formerly a member of Parliament, was committed to prison on a charge of forging powers of Attorney, and obtaining £1,500 from the Bank of England. Being unable to procure fbail he was committed, aud was found dead iu his cell. A coroner’s Jury rendered a verdict of natural death. Sir Charles Napier is said to have laid a wager of £2,000 that he will take Cron stadt in less then twenty four hours after the first shell is thrown into the port—To day he is expected at Copenhagen. Russia Tht armaments of I’ usj a on the Baltic THE GEORGIA JEFFERSONIAN. GRIFFIN, (GA.) THURSDAY MORNING, APRIL 20, 1854 are on an immense scale, and hard blows will take place. The Russian navy can, to say the least, show fight. The follow ing statement is, I believe, reliable: The entire marine of Russia is collected at two stations on the Baltic and Black flea Os these, that of the Baltic i< divided into three sections, and that of the Black s>ca into two. But this does not include the various gunboats and small craft./ Each division of the fleet consists usually, of one three-decker, .eight two-deckers’ six frigates, one corvette and flvo smaller vessels Thus, the Baltic fleets would number twenty seven vessels of the line, including three three-deckers, eighteen fri gates, and fifteen corvettes, brigs and smaller vessels, besides a considerable number of steamers. That of the Black Sea, on the other hand, will amount to eighteen vessels of the line, and among them three three-deckers, besides twelve frigates, ten corvettes and several steam ers. Hence the Russian marine amounts iu all to forty five vessels of the line, thir ty eight frigates, five corvettes, and twen ty brigs, besides the very considerable force cf steamers and gunboats, which the Russian exposition places at 400 to 500 vessels. The aggregate of the Rus sian crews is given at 50,009 men, 30,000 belonging to the Baltic, and 19,- 000 to the Black Sea fleet. The grand Russian three deckers are the Russia, of 130 gnus: the Twelve Apostles, of 120 Admiral Prince Menseaikoff is at the head of the naval staff, the Grand Duke Constantine is high Admiral of the Rus sian fleets; You Kolsakoff aud Yon Ri cord also admirals Among the vice ad mirals are persons named Glaseness, Kat secholoff, Yon Berg, Count Heyeder, Von Lutgc, Putin tin, Karniloff, Nachimoud, Yon Plater, &c. Her land preparations on the Gulfol Finland are immense. The Emperor in person, accompanied by the Grand Duke Constantine, has just visited all the for tresses, the three principal ones of which are Cronstradi, Grietnbaum, and Hes singfors. Toe corps of guards and gren adiers, the first mustering 36,550 effec'- ive infantry, 13,290 cavalry, with 2,000 sappers, 3.000 artillery, and 116 field pieces; and the second the same number of infantry, sappers and artillery, with 5, i2B cavalry and 112 field pieces, or a total of 73,000 elite infantry, 19,000 ca valry, 6,000 artill ery, and 4,000 sappers, making a general total of 101,000 in round numbers, are destined to garrison the strongholds, liom Apo, in Finland, to the Gull of Livonia. 1 hese will he support ed by the special Finland corps of 14,000 men, and by the numerous veteran and* garrison battalions, called -“lnward Guards,” of which there are about six battalions of 1,000 men each, in the dis tricts from St Petersburg to Riga, inclu sive; so that, at the smallest computation, toe effective force disposable between Abo and Riga amounts to 129,000 men, with 260 field pieces. It is said, that the second corps d’ar viie, hitherto occupying Poland, has re ceived orders, and will commence its inarch to the East forthwith. It is to be r eplaced by the first corps, occupying at present the government of Minskand and by par! of t'-.e cops ofgunrds. Nearly the whole of the frontier governments of Rus sia, from Finland to the Prussian fiontiers, and thence from Poland to Bessarabia and the Crimea, have been placed under martial law, by a ukase of the 6.h in stant. In addition to the forces above mentioned, sixty battalion of reserve, consisting of the fifth battalion of as many infantry regiments, have been completed, and are in readiness to move. The fact a:one of these immense pre parations will serve to convince any one that Nicholas will show fight, aud from the Baltic to the B.ack Sea, there may soon be heard one continuous roar of ar tilerv. 1 believe that Denmark, Sweden and Norway will declare for France and England at the first outbreak. Large sums have been vote I m their respective Pcitiiaments.aimost u y, tor ar- i my and navy. The Prussian (J lumbers have likewise voted thirty millions of dol lars for warlike preparations, and tiie Sar dinian Chamber the sum of thirty millions of francs. Italy. —The Prince Lucion B maparte had been cordially received by the King of Sardinia. The Prince has gone to Mi ln T lhe Mayor of Genoa has issued a cir cular requesting the citizens to forward to him the names of all those who fell in 184 S-9 fighting for Italian independence. It is intended to register their uaine* on a monument. From (he Savannah R ‘publican. The English aud ZStissiua Private Confab about Turkey. The secret correspondence between the Cabinets of London and St. Pctersburgh, or rather between Lord John Russell and the Emperor Nicholas, through Sir Ham ilton Seinour, on the subject of Turkey, has been laid before the British Parlia meat, and is repub'ished in this country, from London papers, per Baltic. It is so highly interesting, we would be pleased to publish it iu cxlcnso ; but that being impossible, on account of it extra ordinary length, wo have simply read it attentively with a view to presenting the pith of it, in a few words, to our readers. The first document is a memorandum by Count Nesselrode, (the Russian Di plomat,) prosented to the British govern ment prior to the Czar’s visit to England in 1844, in which are set forth in a con densed form, the views of Russia, and her desires in regard to the Turkish Empire. The other documents cover a space of time embraced by January 11 th, and A pril 21st, 1853. They consist of letters trom the British Envoy at St. Pctersburgh, Sir Hamilton Seinour to Lord John Russel, reporting private conversations had with Nicholas, and enclosing two memoranda of his, to which official replies were made by the British Cabinet. _ The Emperor Nicholas speaks of the Turkish Empire figuratively, as a sick man, whose death at any time would not be surprising, but upon which most mo mentous consequences hinged; and he ur ges upon Englaud, that the disposition ol the dead man’s estate nearly concerned her and himself—therefore, he would be glad to have England come to an under standing with him, as to what would be done upon the demise of the invalid—that is, Turkey. H* owns that the Empress Catharine, and the Emperor Alexander, his prede cessors, entertained great schemes of Rus sian aggrandizement. But he disclaims these views on his own part, and distinct ly declares that his empire is large enough already, and that itc greatest danger “is additional extension He declares that lie does not desire to hold Constantinople himself, but that neither France nor Eng land shall hold it, so long as he has a mus ket, and a man to carry it. If either of these three nations held the Porte, the power thus gaiued would destroy the equi librium of Europe, and therefore he will neither take it himself, nor see it taken. — lie desires to keep it in its present feeble hands if possible; but in the event that those hands should prove too weak to re tain it—an event whisk he looks for at any moment—then it becomes the mani fest interest of Englaud and Russia, to keep France out of it, and to make such arrangements as will preserve the balance of power at its present status. To that end he suggests, that should Turkey fill, the principalities, already independent of Turkey, and under Russian protect'on, should remain as they arc; Servia and Bulgaria to be put oil the same footing, and England to take Egypt and the Isle of Candia. This, he considers, would be all that was necessary to preserve the c quilibrinm of Europe. In support of his fears that Turkey has not long to live, le urges the schemes of France against Turkish integrity, the dan ger from other external attacks, and the 1 internal rebellious elements, among which Greek Christianity is most to be dreaded. In fine, he declares plainly, his implicit be lief in the speedy fall of Turkey. He does not desire it; he will help to avert it; but above all he would not be unproparod for it. A prominent feature of the Czar’s posi tion must be noticed. He all along insists upon religious freedom to the Greek Chris tians, under his protection; declares that cruelty or oppression to them will be for him good cause for war, much as he de pt ecatcs it; and he strenuously urges the necessity of securing protection to the Greek Christians, which he says can easi ly be done by proper exertions, on the part of the several European Cabinets— by simply giving the Sultan to understand that unless he acts properly towards this portion of his subjects, he cannot hope to maintain his own sway. He says that whenever ho speaks for himself, he speaks also for Austria: her views are identically with his own; and iu the event of his death, or abdication, his son, who will succeed him, has been fully instructed to continue his father’s policy, and will do so. , We have thus briefly given the views of the Emperor of Russia,’ and we must do him the justice to say, though it conflicts with our own hastily expressed opinion, of last week, that so far as this correspond ence shorn , there is no evidence of a ;vish on his part to overrun Turkey—no ambi tion, no selfishness, no grasping; but sim ply a prudent desire to prepare for con tingencies which he firmly believed would occur. Whether he is sincere in this or not, we cannot say. He has invaded the principalities we know; bathe said from the first that lie would do so, if the Chris tian inhabitants were unjustly treated. He assumes that such has been the case, aud upon this point the wrong or right of his action hinges. Now for England’s reply. She says, that she differs m tolo from Russia’s views as to Turkey. She does not look upon the Forte as a sick man, whose death way at any moment occur. She believes that such a thing is possible, but not probable; that the Cabinets of Europe can prolong the existence of the Turkish Empire by mild treatment, and firmness witn the Sul tan; site even considers it possible for i'urkey to rise from her present degrada tion, and believes it to be the interest of Europe to keep iter as she is, or improve her condition. (Nicholas thinks so too— but demies the assnmed possibility and probability—'l’urkey must fall, he says, and England and Russia must prepare for it.) She disclaims all desire to increase her own (the British 1 domain, but agrees that neither France, Russia nor England should hold Constantinople. Finally, iu the e vent of-the fall of the Turkish Empire, she says: “The only mode by which a solution ctmlif bo at tempted would be .that of an European Uongrca*, but mat only iiiT-*nls an additional reason for de siring tnal tiie present order of things m Turkey should be muinUi led, as her Majesty’s govern ment cannot, without alarm, relicct on tire jeal ousies that would then be evoked, the Impossibility ol'reconciling tile different ambitions and the di vergent interests tliAt would be called into play, and the certainty that (he treaties of 1815 must be open to revision, when France might be prepared to risk the chances of” an ISaropann war, so get rid of the obligations which lie considers injurious lo her national honor, and which, having been im posed by victorious onemi-s, aro a constant source ofirritatioa to her,” The sum of the matter is, (wo speak now in our own behalf) Russia could not come to terms, becaeso they could not agree as to tho future of Turkey—the du ration of that empire. Russia believing its end near at hand, warns England to prepare for it England, unwilling to be lieve with Russia, postpones preparation. While matters stand thus, Turkey so mal treats her Christian subjects, (according to the Czar) that Russia is compelled to interfere. England considers this an un warrantable interference—a pretext for de signs, (which had been expressly denied by Russia iu private and friendly conver sation) and demandj of Russia to retreat from her position. This Russia refuses to do; Eugland and France unite, and so— we have the great Eastern war. The reader will at once perceive that Russia’s conduct is justifiable or not, in ac cordance with the provocation received from Turkey’s mal*treatment of her Chris tian subjects, and by that he will make up his opinion for or against the Czar. We decline at this moment to express an opinion for ourselves. The origin of the war has been so befogged by a cloud of protocols and couriers, and notes and gunpowder, we muso investigate anew, to ascertain how badly Turkey has acted to wards her Christian subjects. One thing however, is certain—the less the United States does towards siding with England and Prance, the better.— We fear, judging by this correspondence, that England has taken counsel of her fears—fears of the fabled empiric-avarice of Russia, and the French hate of Eng land; and that afraia of France, and dis trusting Russia, she has declared herself not so palpably for the right, as for Great Britain But more anon. We shall look into the invasion of the principalities, nor be surprised to find that in that matter, Nich olas has been as gallant as just, as he has been candid, honorable and liberal, in his confab with England. Spauish Affairs. Unless Lord Clarendon’s declarations in the English House of Peers are to be ta ken as unworthy of credit, there must be a secret understanding between the En glish, French, and Spanish Cabinets, in relation to Spanish interests on this side of the Atlantic. It is said the Adminis tration is well satisfied that the late pro ceedings of the Cuban authorities, in seiz ing the Black Warrior, are attributable to the assurance of general support from England and France. The Governor General of Cuba has been rather prema ture in his recent demonstrations, if lie calculates on the support of those powers. He had better have waited until his secret allies had cleared their skirts of one quar rel, before the foundation was laid for an other. The Washington correspondent of the Philadelphia American speaks in this wise: “•It is now fnlly established that an of fensive and defensive alliance has been formed against the United States for the protection of Spanish interests at Cuba. The throe great naval armaments of the three powers are to be used first against Russia. The next object of the Anti- American allies is the protection of Mex co. Santa Anna has received assurances that if he finds it expedient, at this time, to sell, for a very large sum of money, an entirely worthless strip of territory on his northern frontier, he shall be compensa ted by the addition of British Honduras on tiis South, a far more valuable and im portant province in Mexico. For this sacrifice Great Britain will receive indem nity in the shape of an arrangement for the ultimate payment of the debt due to her subjects by Mexico; and, perhaps, will even receive a portion of the money pay able by tlie United States under the Gads den treaty.” Dritisli Assumption—Rights of Neutrals. The recent announcement of Lord Cla '•endori to the Riga merchants, to the eff-ct that all Russian produce, to whomsoever belonging, and even in neutral vessels, would be regarded as lawful prize in the event of war, was referred to with telling effect by Mr. Peckharn in the debate in the House on Fiiday on the six steamer bill. Tne assumption ofsucth a right as belonging to the belligerents is charac teristic of that arrogance which has always predominated in British councils. Such an announcement cannot fail to impress upon every American the fact that the attempt of Great B.itain to enforce the doctrine avowed by Lori Clarendon must involve the United Slates in the impending struggle. For us to submit (as remarked by our cotemporary) to so arrogant a pretension as is here put forth, and its incorporation in> tbe law of na tions as one of the rights pertaining to iiilligeren's, would be virtually to resign onr independence and abdicate all claim to consideration as one of the substantive powers of the earth. We trust this pretension will not be passed; the sympathies of our country men are now probanly with the Western Powers io their resistance to the aggres sive schemes of the Russian despot.— But a bl ovv like the one meditated, aimed at the independence of all other nations, and at the property of their subjects or citizens, could not fail to change all this, and convert the prevailing sympathy in to sentiments of energetic and universal hostility. D res Great Britain propose to avail herself of the present exigency to secure a conceded sovereignty of the seas, and the right to fashion and admin ister the maritime law of nations accord ing as her boundless ambition may sug gest? Certainly it would seem so from his pregnant announcement. But she may be assured the experiment she con templates will prove a perilous one; and she will be resisted sternly and unflinch ingly by at least one nation whose good wilishe may yet have occasion to propi tiate. The passage of the six-steamer bill by an overwhelming vote may be regarded as a significant response to such pretensions as those announced by Lord Clarendon.— JVashiugton Union. Northeru Fauatir.|s?u- It is very clear that the Nor t tier a Abo- Ji'.’oiusts arc making another deal eet a gaimt the Southern States, simply chan ging their operations from the political ar ena to the more solemn offices of learning and religion. Wc copy the annexed arti cle from a late Millcdgeville Recorder: Northern Colleges—Southern Ditty. —Aside from the deep-rooted hostility of a majority of the people of the North a gainst the domestic policy of the South, and their gross misapprehensions and worse misrepresentations of the true character of our institutions and people, we have long felt that self-respect as well as self interest should prompt us to patronize our own schools and colleges in preference to those abroad. In years gone by, parents aud guardians were somewhat excusable for sending their children remote from home to be educated. But not so now. Wc have at present, in our midst, all the facilities and appliances requisite to the attaiument of thorough scholarship; and had a modicum of the money which has boen expended by Southerners at North ern colleges been devoted to the endow ment of our own educational establishments, these l’.ieilities would have been greatly in creased aud our colleges placed upon a highly flourishing and stable basis. But with recent alarming ami mortify ing developments before ns, we feel that it is the imperative duty of every Southern man to withdraw his patronage and re frain from supporting Northern institu tions. At the North, as at the South, the board of instruction in their colleges is mainly composed of clergymen, aud from late demonstrations at New Haven, and elsewhere, we regret to say, that these reverend gentlemen have shown themselves unfit teachers of Southern youth. They have mingled largely and excitedly in the political meetings which have been gotten up against the Nebraska bill, and contri buted in no small degree to inflame the Northern mind with a most bitter and dangerous sectionalism. In the New Haven Palladium of the 18th ult. we find an accoun t of an Anti- Nebraska demonstration, which took place in that city, and in which several of the professors of Yale College warmly partici pated. Among the number were Proses sors Thatcher, l aylor andSilliman. Prof. Thatcher denounced the Nebraska bill as an act of perfidy and a monstrous violation of public faith; and, waxing both insolent and sarcastic, asked, “Where is honor?— Where is chivalry?” In the course of his remarks, he said: “It has been whispered in my car that it may not be good policy for a gentleman connected with the institution of learning here to make himself prominent on a question like this. Policy! Shall an honest man think of policy in such a crisis? My opinion shall be expressed if the walls of Yale College were to be made o.s slid as vacation f rcverP Dr. Taylor said: “We have conceded enough and long enough, to justify us in the conclusion, that concession is of no further use. Now, wc must say, no more slavery either in new territory or new States. Let the North unite in this, and it can be done. Let them unite as one man; let them lay aside all past differences of whig and democrat, abolition and freesoil, and all that hinders concert in a common cause—let bygones be bygones—aud let them gird themselves to the struggle for the rights and the liber ty which our constitution gives us. Who will not do it? Let him answer, and then put the mark on him. I said I love my country. How long this land of my fathers, tne glory of all lands, shall be continued and blessed, is not for mo to foresee But, sir, if worst comes to worst, I could lay off the gar ments of my profession and put on a sol dier’s coat in the cause of freedom. ( Tre mendous and long continued cheering and shouts of applause.) Or, if I should be too old—l don’t tliiuk lam yet—l would bear my part in any way, in prayer and in worship, or amid the battle and the blood. If disunion comes then will civil war come —and then, having strength, 1 will go to the Throne of Grace with prayers and tears for my country, and thence, wiping these tears, if need be, to battlo and to death. Oil, sir, if I, and some others, live not to see the dreadful day, many there arc here to-night who may. My young friends, count on me for one with others. If so happy, as to attain that better world of hopes, there, with censors full of odors, aud with saiuts and with angels, we shall go up to the throne of God and tho Lamb, asking, him that sitteth thereon, still to bless our laud, aud make it the glory of all lands.” Professor Silliman said: “His life was commenced in the midst of the American Revolution, and he re membered, as an observer,, the capital e vents of American history since that epochs He never before appeared on the political stage, but considered the present no party question; he never had much fear from party feelings, but now he had fear. I am particularly glad (he continued) to seo to night the ordinary distinctions on minor topics thrown aside. The treachery now (as in the Missouri Compromise) is the deed of Northern men. VVe should dis countenance every Northern man who leans to Southern slavery. Without any personal hostility, I have seen with the deepest regret, that Connecticut had been disgraced by one of her Senators. A tnau from the north who supports this ne farious bill is a traitor to his country.— [Applause ] As the head of a numerous family, I view this measure with the sad dest anxiety. What are we to do? All our first efforts here are peaceable—they are made at the ballot box wheu tho time comes to finish the career of men who have betrayed your interest, let it be finished forever. Let our only party be a party of liberty. Repeal will come by and by; but if not, what then? Ileavon only knows! But this is to bo resisted at all events. Dissolution of the Union always seemed to me wild talk; but the Union will be dissolved if this thing be done, and they will do it. I feel in all kindness tg the South—but, shonld the necessity arise, I feel like my friend, Dr. Taylor, that 1 could take my part in the contest.” [Loud applause.] Now, we ask every Southern man, if a proper self-respect does not dictate a with ■ drawal of Southern support from iustitu . tions which are controlled by such malign and seditious influences? VVe have no de sire to widen the breach—already too wide—between the South and the North by unnecessarily inflaming tho Sonthern mind; but as faithful sentinels, we feel it our duty to adviso the Southern public of passing events in which they are vitally concerned, and especially to urge upou every Georgian to patrouiza his own lite rary institutions. New Haven Riot. —A serious riot oc curred at New Haven on Friday evening between a party of citizens and a party of Yale College students. Pistols were dis charged and dirks used freely. A man named Patrick O’Neal was shot dead.— Another severely wounded in the leg by a pistol ball. Mr. R. Schoffeld, passing at the time quietly up Chapel street, re ceived a stray ball in his arm The bells were subsequently rung; two loaded can non were brought upon the green. The riot was fully quelled by the city authori tie, acting in concert with the Collet Faculty. 1 Mammoth Tree from California The clipper ship Messenger, which re cently arrived here from San Francisco, brought on her deck one of tlic greatest natural curiosities ti nt could be offered to the public. It is nothing more nor less th in a section of the gre it California tree; the largest single tree that has ever been discovered in tho modern Eldorado—the largest in the world. This tree was situ ated in the South-westerly slope of a hill, in a soil fifteen feet in depth. Its roots extended in all directions for more tbau fifty rods upon the hill side, and down wards to the depth of the soil. At the ground its circumference was 92 foet, 4 feet above that it was 88 feet, and 10 foet a bove GO feet, and the tapering of the shaft was very gradual and symmetrical up wards for 350 feet to its very top. From actual estimate of its diurnal layers, it Is more than 3,000 years since this unparal leled majesty of the cedar was a sapling in its teens. Then for a large space on the outer surface next to the bark the signs of the growth are so thin a3 not to be distinguished from each other. The outward dimensions of the main trunk were about the same as the Ban ker Hill Monument. From actual mea surement it contained moro than 300 cords of wood. A vast labor was reqaired to level such a mountain of woo l to the earth, and by incredible tolling with augers, axes atul saws at its foot it finally fell prostrate; the crash can neither bo imaginod nor de scribed; the jar of tho hill was precoived for miles, as if an earthquake had passed that way. Tho ba*o having been ranch burned by the fires of Indians, it was necessary, in order to get a perfect section, to chop the tree entirely through twice. After one hundred and fifty days incessant labor this was effected, and the block of ten feet in length lay severed from the huge pile! But tho next thing was to transport such a mass, and by any unavailable means at hand it was apparently as impossible as it would have been to move the hill where it lay. It was finally burned through the centre; the earth was dug away from one end and a fire built underneath; which was left burning for several weeks. An auger hole made a good chimney, which was gradually developed by the action of the fire until tho men could work inside with their axes. In this manner it was excavated to within about two feet of tho outer surface. It was afterwards moved down the hill with levers for moro than a mile, drawn 18 miles by oxen to Mentinut, and theu shipped to San Francisco. At San Francisco, only about fifty miles from the placo of its growth, it was the greatest curiosity ever exhibited. Tho whole city of men, women and children, flocked to see it. One hundred faon could easily stand insido the hollow at the same time, aiul a six foot man rode a full sized horso through it without touching his hat to tho upper surface. This great cariosity is to be exhibited in this place for a short time before its re moval to New York and Boston.— Phila. Ledgsr. “President” Walker. For a month past the accounts respect ing “President” Walker an! his opera tions in Lower California, have been a little perplexed and contradictory. At one time he and his expedition were con sidered to be in a very desperate way, his force reduced to about one hundred and thirty, and their position and pros pects were said to bo not at all flourishing -—with the United States vessels watch ing him, and prepared to intercept men and supplies, and with a large Mexican force, two thousand picked men, the Mex ican account said—advancing upon him his last hour seemed about to be at hand. And whut we regarded as decidedly un favorable was, that the California news papers had razeed him from President to Colonel, then to Captain, and, indeed, we saw his name mentioned in one of them coupled with plain Mr. Walker as though one might say Mr. Nicholas Ro manoff, or Mr. Louis Napoleon, or Mr. Santa Auua. Cutting all these things together, we began to think ourselves, that the “President” was to fall from his high eminence of a conqueror of a State and a founder of anew Republic to tbe not very enviable condition of a discomfi ted fugitive and unsuccessful filibuster. However, unpromisiog as things seemed o be for “Mr. Walker,” his prospects have, of late, been improving; and he is represented to have been, at the last ac counts, at tho head of a stronger force than he had ever yet under his command from three to four hundred men, and that so far from knocking under, he de fies Santa Annn, and all his army and does not seem greatly to fear the United States itself. 1 lie two thousand picked Mexican troops who have been march ing ou him for the last two months have not yet reached him; it seems, and never niay. Now, how is all this matter, apparent ly a farce, to end finaly? It is altogeth er impossible to say. Os all tho games played at, war is one of the most fluctua ting and uncertain. Law itself is scarce ly more so, although that is always quo ted as a kind of personification of uncer tainty—a nepUs ultra. He whose pros pects are at the last ebb may, in a day, or an hour, be again in the ascendant.’ A tight, or a flight, or a march, or a panic, may change wholly the fortunes of the parties, and make the loser the winner.— Until the battle of San Jacinto was won the affairs of Texas seemed to be in ra ther a desperate condition, but in one hour everything was changed. Santa Anna, from an arrogant conqueror, be came a badly beaten and used-up com mander, a prisoner, and a trembling sup plaint for his life, which he had certain ly forfeited by his bad faith and cruelty. I. S. Since the laregoing was put in type, other accounts represent the affairs aud fortunes of “President Walker” to he in a very unpromising state, that his ex pedition is broken up and his party en tirely dispersed.— Wash. Utobe. Santa Anna,, it is said, will not him self assume the title of Emperor bin as he has already the right of appointing a successor, and having no male heir,he ban designated as lhat successor Augu tine It urbid No. 16.