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VOL. XV.
W GEORGIA JEFFERSONIAN.
|R *tJBLWHED EVERY THURSPAY MORNING
BY WILLIAM CLINE,
At Two Dollars and Fifty Cents per an ;
rmm. or Two Dollars raids in advance, j
are in sorted nt ONE j
jyOLLjn por sqnorp, for the tirpl insertion, and
’JYIFffY CENT'S per square, for oath infcrlion
t hernattcr. , .
A Tensor * . * deduction will he made to tlioso
whovuh*r> iby the year- ...
All Yu'va.tUementa no! otherwise ordered, “ill
•be C*r*a;i.r<t till lorhid.
TuiiP 'jJi7.ES OF IJIXt)S hv Administrators,
tswr-iiors or Guardians are required by law to be
Iwfd on tho first Tuesday in the month, between
vh< ho*irs ot ten in the forenoon and- three in th*
afternoon, at £is Court-House, in the county in
which the l.irtd.is situated. Notice o) these snle,
mu*; be siven a publicgaictte FORTY Di\S
pw*iMi to tbp day nfsale.
SSLES OF NEGROES must be mnde at p.ib
in auction on the tirsl Tuesday of the month, be
ween the usual hours nt sale, at the place el pub
i<; galea the courtly where the letters Ttstn
uentar/, of Adininistr ition orGnarrimnsliin nia
have t—V ■ granted; fust divine FOhTi /'.Ti
notice thereof in one of the public iruzeties rs tb
.•> *.. an;i *i the court house whe e such sale.irsi
lo heid.
ri-Jxe: tor the sale of Personal Property must
H.- £ft VS: , in like manner FORTY DAYS previous
l j tn.i ilav of snle.
Notice 1 1 Debtors and Creditors of an estate
wish he published FORTY DAYS.
Notice that application will be mndp to I be Court
Ordinary for lkave to sell land must he pub
ihed for TWO MONTHS,
Notice for leave TO PRJ.L NEGROES must be
;>a*.!-3h ‘d TWO MONTHS before any order a!-
> shall he made, theseon bv the Court. y
CITATIONS f (, r L-yttors of A< !nini--Irat ton
. .st he po dished thirty days; for Dismission (
fr . j Administration, monthly six months; lo
Dismission from Guardianship, forty day-.
it tiles for. he Foreclosure of Worts* ®e must ho
• p Ciis'ie l monthly for tour months, lor pu*>
sigh las* pap ':ts, hir the full space ol threu
SC'. THS; for ‘'tiom.wl'inff lltdcs ll.xecu!£irS T
ed ! n*s?ra! o ?, wbuin a bond has been ffiveny- b
ho le.: Msed, for tin s; nca of three m is rua .
TO ANN.
BT J. Y. M. PDCKJTT.
When fir“t 1 saw thee, most lovely one,
In childhood’s lonelyitheme,
Ii placed on me that sacred dome—
Os light my heart forever gleam!
It gave to mo cupid’s lasting love,
That visits-lovers’ hearts;
YVi h-h no one excepting God above—
Can ever set spa : I.
O, remember, the moon-light night,
You give to me thy heart;
And removed from me love’s da;k *igh’,
Ti’.ai hid ir.a never part.
May the pt love that’s past,
Like a slurjbering dream;
Unite the eearfa which forever !;ie!—
In lovrr’aonly theme.
For the Jeffersonian.
* estsle Education.
in looking over nn old doenment a few
C vs ago, I found an address delivered
* ne time since, to the Greensboro l?e
----ir. i:e College, by Samuel K. Tauuge, D.
l>. s and am pleased to say, in my humble
opinion, it contains many wise and prn
liout suggestions on the subject of Female
Education, nnd hope its precepts -kill be
homo in mind, and parents and teachers
benefitted by it. M. M. L.
“In relation to Female Education, I am
prepared to go as far as tne farthest in
tfoe advocacy of an extended and thorough
course of instruction. For though the
woman is not like the man to be trained
for public life, hers is the responsible work
of giving the first impulse to the liumau
character, of touching the springs of life, (
r.ad communicating impressions that will \
never cease to act. A more extended j
•course of study for both sexes, would ex
rt a happy influence in filling up that gap
that “craving void” between childhood
aai manhood which our children are.
learning to skip over, and which must be
filled up, or the result will be a dwarfed
and crippled manhooL I would have fe
males instructed ia nearly ail the depart
ments of science, except, perhaps, some of
tne higher branches, and the substitute for
these should be those external accomplish
-r-. nts and adornments particularly appro
; Mate to their sex. As regards the or.
ganization and mode of conducting the
. üblic exercises of female institutions, I
[cel called upon to lift up an earnest note
■ remonstrance and warning against some
of the tendencies of the day.
“As to public examinations before a
romtscuous crowd, and especially public
■ inhibitions of girls, I regard these as of
acre than doubtful tendency. They must
•-‘.salt, if generally adopted, in a sad de
rrioration of the female character. It
nay require a whole generation to unfold
their bitter fruits. The prominent ex
libition of a young female before a crowd,
... As to foster vanity, extravagance of
.ress, and an inordinate love of display;
•.Hi it weakens that delicate sensibility
which God has impressed on woman’s
heart. It is unnatural, unreasonable, and
in its tendency unscriptural. The Bible
•edfiration, “it is a shame for women to
.peak in the church,” (Ist Cor. 14th chap,
both ver.) has a wide meaning, arid it
ruts from that God who framed our na
, ire, and whose laws can never be- viola
* ;or evaded with impunity. Modesty
t?i delicacy constitute at once the charm
-id the defence of woman. Tiiey are the
on the rose, the delicate tint on the
•le veret. They are her ornament and
erotee ion. They are indispensable, and
ti*- ? i.) :s no substitute.
Set possession is pleaded as the argu
-7; r.L hi favor of parading girls publicly on
stage. It is true, a modest self-pos- (
;ov. ;s desirable, but if ease of man*
•r k; to be purchased nt the expense of
•r.vsrdness and rudeness, and the bold
.*•• fan actress, then let us have bash
fnln* o and blushes to the forehead, rather
than impair that modest shrinking of the
->e woman, which requires a veil to be
piac J between her and the rude public
euz*i The, line that interposes between
these extremes is a delicate one. It is a
profane hand that would remove it one
hair's breadth beyond the proper bound
;V. environs the side of delicacy. The
si*.. who organize and conduct female ed
i on are engaged in a delicate work,
v ..r-h touches the vital interests of society,
-in ’* they must not be allowed rashly to
obtrude crude views and usages upou the
community.
The public exhibitions of females cru
elly distresses the modest, while it embol
in.j the forward and gives them an undue
advantage
Tafca two fir’s of a gradua ting eh*s,
and place them prominently on the stage
before the promiscuous crowd; the one
shall blush and weep, and inaccurately
utter a few sentences, and then sit down
under a sense of disgruce to herself and
| mortification to her friends; the other,
j with a clear ringing voice, and a brave
. eouutenance, shall read a _ political ha*
’ rangue that some gentleman has composed
for her; and then take her seat amid the
plaudits of the auditors. Now inquire in
to the two:, respectively. The former was
at the head of her class—she composed
her own piece—and it sparkled with gems
of thought and imagination. But the
sensibility and intellect that conceived the
composition, disqualified her to parade
her accomplishments. Ihe other was at
the foot of the class— aud had the one
grand qualification for the occasion. Her
only accomplishment was, she had plenty
of assurance.
“It will be found that the love of admi
ration, fostered by parading girls before a
crowd, will be followed either by a dis
relish for, or dissatisfaction with, the
retired and quiet, but hallowed scenes of
domestic life. AYe must never so far un
sex woman as to disqualify her to blush,
or we rob society of its brightest charm.
“Zeuxis, the Grecian painter, in paint-
ing his Helen, sought to embody in the
face the Meal of perfect beauty. To ac
complish this, lie sent to Crotona, famous
for its handsome women, for six maidens,
from the combination of whose charms lie
hoped to secure perfection of feature aud
expression. One of the six could not be
prevailed upon to unveil her face, for she
could not endure the scrutinizing gaze of
a stranger. When the picture was finish
ed and exhibited before the public, it had
electric power. The air was rout with
the shouts cf the people. ‘ The painter
was the only dissatisfied spectator. He
felt that one charm was wanting to his
picture, aud he exclaimed, “Oh for the
blush of the sixth maiden!”
“Whilst I rejoice, in common with my
fellow’ citizens, that such an impulse is
given in Georgia to female education, arid
whilst I wish hearty success to every ef
fort, I have great fears we are making
with them some dangerous experiments.
“It is true, public sentiment may finally
correct these evils, but untold injury may
be done before the evils are fully seen,
and it may require a whole generation of
time to eradicate .them;”
Know Notfiiagism and C&iSxolie
Riots.
We were about giving the Rev. John
E. Dubose a piece of our mind last week,
for “traveling out of the record” in his Com
mencement Address before the Synodical
Female College, to preach up a crusade
against foreigners and Catholics. But
ons friends interposed, saying, as we were
a sort of Methodist ourself, aud the reve
rend gentleman a Presbyterian., it might
be attributed to sectarian feeling. This
was not in all our thoughts; so? we have
nothing of the kind about us; it was the
very thing we wished to reprove. But
these considerations deterred us from pub
lishing our remarks. We hope, however,
we may be permitted to copy from the
Richmond Enquirar , of the 14th inst. i
some remarks very much in the spirit of
j our own:
Know-Notuingism. —The public have
been much perplexed with doubts as to
the real aim of the Know-Nothing organi
zations, but the dispute is satisfactorily
settled at last. There was a great deal
of plausibility in the conjecture that the
malignant spirit of sectarian bigotry and
the illiberal jealousy of race, were at the
bottom of the mysterious movement; still,
so long as its object was disguised in an
impenetrable veil of secresy, its true char
acter could ouly be developed by its pub
lic operations. This has been done, and
with the certainty with which we tell the
tree by its fruit, may we now determine
the real nature and object of the Know-
Nothing organization.
The tree has borne its fruit, and a dead
ly poison it is. The riotous demonstrations
against the ('atliolies and foreign popula
tion in Northern cities, were all the work
of the Knotv Nothing conspirators. It
is their intolerant bigotry which is dese
crating and destroying the Catholic chur
ches of New England. It is their vulgar
prejudice which, by insufferable persecu
tion, is goading the ignorant Irish to vio
lence and outbreak. They have inflamed
the passions of sect and of race; they have
disturbed the harmony and repose of socie
ty; and by the inexorable constancy and
fierce energy with which they pursue their
diabolical purposes, they threaten to bring
serious trouble and peril upon the coun
try.
It is a singular contradiction, that
among a people who are themselves the
descendants, by a single remove, from
foreigners; in a country where perfect
freedom of conscience and opinion is the
boast of the patriot, and at an epoch when
it is thought the spirit of Christian civiliza
tion lias subdued the ferocious feelings of
the human heart—it is.strange that there,
and at this day, should spring up and
flourish a secret association which derives
its energy from the most cruel nnd malig
nant passions of our nature, which stifles
the voice of charity, which proscribes the
alien and denies the ordinary rights of
hospitality to the stranger and the so
journer, and which wages a relentless war
against the principles of civil and religi
ous liberty. Strange indeed that the Pro
test an t should pract ice persecution in the
spirit of the Inquisition, and should fight
the Pope with the weapons of Ignatius
Loyola. Strange that the quiet profession
of a venerable faith should be proscribed
in the name of a creed which claims the
utmost liberty of private judgment.—
Strange that a philosophic contempt for
the trumpery of superstition, should impel
men to a crusade of iconoclasm against
plaster crucifixes and miniature virgins.—
Stranger still that the republican should
punish the vietira of intolerance with the
relentless rigor and secret stab of despo
tism. Strangest of all that Americans
should close the door against the fugitive
from oppression, and should renounce all
sympathy and fellowship with the conn-,
THE GEORGIA JEFFERSONIAN.
GRIFFIN, (GA.) THURSDAY MORNING, JULY 27, 1854.
trymen of Montgomery, De Kalb, Kos
ciusko, Pulaski, and of La Fayette. Here
are inconsistencies and anomalies which
may well puzzle the philosopher with all
his presumption and conceit.
It is idle to say, that nothing more is
contemplated, than the exclusion of the
Catholic and the foreign born, from politi
cal franchises and the rights of citizenship.
There are passions which it is easier to in
flame (ban to subdue. A child may kin*
die a conflagration which the mercy of
Heaven ouly can extinguish. When the
people in this country are arrayed in hos
tile sects, and the passions and prejudices
of race are exasperated by collisions of
creed, who then will soothe the rage of
religious bigotry, and restore the reign of
peace and repose? The Catholic will not
surrender his rights without a struggle.
Persecution will provoke resistance, and
in the end the liberties of the country will
be lost. Does not every man foresee this
result? Already has the intolerant spirit
of Know Nothing-ism incited to riot arid
bloodshed; and it will not be long before
tnc more sedate portion of the community
will be startled front their indifference to
this thing, by a shock which will be felt
throughout the country.
Politicians are proverbially reckless in the
pursuit of their selfish schemes, but there
is a daring, impious disregard of the qui
et and security of society in this appeal
to the religious passious of the people,
which almost defies conception.
Interesting from Japan.
We have been favored by Messrs,’
Norris & Son, of Philadelphia, with a
copy of the following graphic and amu
sing; letter addressed to them by a j'oung
engineer; who wg -formally coo.fict*4
with their locomotive factory, at Bush
Hill, but is now attached to Commodore
Perry’s squadron:— Exchange.
U. S. Steamer Susquehanna, )
Hong Kong, Apt ii 9,1853. \
Messrs. Richard Norris & Son, Bush
Hill, Philadelphia, Pa.:—
Dear Sirs: —We have just returned
from our second visit to Japan; and hav
ing participated in the many interesting
scenes that have lately occurred in that
almost unknown country, a short account
ot it, lam sure, will be interesting to you,
as yon contributed very largely to pro
mote the interest and enhance the good
leeling displayed towaids cs by that
strange people.
W e left Hong Kong on the 14th Jan
u ry, in company wi h the Mississippi,
Powhatan, and the store ships Lexing
ton and Southampton, for the Loo Choo
Islands, where we fell in with the sloops
Macedonian aud Vandahn, and storeship
Supply, which vessels had preceded us.
Our visit there was merely a repetition
of the first, of which you have, r.o doubt,
seen long accounts in the papers We
retnained-ihere about ten days, u'uiing
wh-ich time the Commodore paid another
visit ia state to ti e at Shuedi,
when we had an opportunity of again
viewing the beautiful and picturesque
scenery of that island. Shue'di is the
capital, and about throe miles from
Nassa-Kiang, the place cf our anchorage.
We were first conducted to the royal pal
ace, tvhete compliments were exchanged,
and we were treated to weak tea, “saki,”
and a kind cf tir.n cake, as tough as gut
ta percha, after which we ret red to the
Regent’s private dwelling, where we sat
down to a sumptuous dinner. VYe were
seated at small tables, large enough for
four, and wi h chopsticks in hard we
commenced operations; we struggled
through about thirty courses, each served
up in a small bowl, the size of a tta cup;
of what they coosisled we had not ihe
slightest idea, except that in some of
them we could discover a fishy taste.
Towards the last someone hinted that
they were in the habit of eating snalces,
whereupon 1 immediately gave up in
disgust. Had it been ever so palatable,
with nothing to eat with but chop-sticks,
I concluded an uncivilized Yankee would
stand a pretty good chance of starving
to death; for no sooner would I get them
on a level with my mouth and about to
make sure of some choice piece, than
they would givc,a flirt, and away
fly the “chow-chow,” either into my
own or my neighbor’s lap; so I gave it
up in despair, and “walked into” the
side dishes, which consisted of dried
meats and fish, boiled eggs, sliced and
colored; the former I was somew hat cau
tious about, after the hints that had been
thrown out; but we all did ample justice
to the latter, which would have done
credit to Parkinson himself.
Each table was attended by a retinue
of servants, who were very officious and
kept us supplied with all the dainties;
our cups of “saki” w era kept constantly
filled to the brim. The cups used for
this beverage are only lirge enough to
hold one swallow; but they v/ere never
allowed to stand empty, being continual
ly supplied by the servant from a close
earlhern vessel. The “saki” has a
sweetish taste, which I do not admire,
though it is said to be very exhilarating.
Tne visit passed off very pleasantly, and
we enjoyed the novelty of the scene ex
ceedingly. After several toasts had benn
drank, the Commodore maoe n motion
to go, which we all followed, and, form
ing into regular procession, the bands
struck up a lively air, and w r e all returned
to our respective ships, with appetites
not the least blunted by our dinner at
the Regent’s.
On the 7th of February we sailed for
Japan, where we arrived on the 12th,
aud anchored in Jeddo bay. The next
morning we moved up to what we de
signated, on our first visit,. “The Ameri
can Anchorage,” which is said to be
abont twenty miles from the imperial
ciiy. At this place the Commodore
transferred his flag to the Powhatan,
where several interviews look place with
the governor ot the immediate province,
and other high officials, and arrangements
for the negotiation were made. They
gave us great encouragement, and said
ihe Emperor was very favorably disposed
towards the American nation, and would
grant every request made in the Presi
dent’s letter. Some slight difference ot
opinion arose at first with regard to the
most convenient place for holding the
council meetings. They insisted that it
would be better to go back to Uraga,
near the place of our first landing; but
the Commodore determined, it possible,
to go still further up the bavq and. as
usual, his indomitable will carried the
day; and it was decided that they should
be held near a town, Kana-gawa,
some eight or tea miles further up. Ac-1
cordingly we again shifted our anchor- j
•ig'q and on the 8 h of Afrnrch the Com-j
held wi:h ihe 1
ambassador;-sent f.oni Jejldo to negoii- 1
ale with him, and which resulted, I be
lieve, satisfactorily to both parties.
On the 13th, the presents to the Em
peror, Empress and Court of Japan, were
landed and placed in a warehouse budl
for their reception. Very comfortable
buildings of cedar and bamboo were
erected, in which were held the council
meetings. Among the presents the beau
tiful model locomotive and tender built
at your works, together with the passen
ger car built by lvimbal & Gorton, held
a conspicuous place. They were very
much admired by all the officers of the
squadron, end 1 felt as though I was
standing by ihe side of an old friend;
everything about it looked so natural, ex
cept a few improvements which were
new to me. We enjoyed the surprise
they manifested in beholding the perfec-j
tionofthe American mechanical arts, as I
displayed in the Various presents sent:
out by the government, with some feel-J
ings of pride. Though they seemed lo
have no definite idea of their uses, and
probably could not appreciate ihe benefit
derived from they are intelligent
enough, and evidently did admire their
construction anri beautiful.workmanship.
It is a naturakfiriit ith Ahern, as well as
the Chinese,JfevA&o TSpress astonish
ment or admivalvun, either by word cr
action, for anything foreign; but it would
come out, in spite of them. They seem
ed to look u-pon them as masses of mat
ter ingeniously put together, but for what
-purpose was entirely beyond their com
prehension.
The magnetic telegraph and locomo
tive attracted their attention more than
a'l the rest, particularly the latter. They
examined the delicate workmanship of
ail its complicated parts as minutely &s
a watchmaker would the works of a
watch. They were perfectly satisfied
that vessels could he propelled on the
water by boiling water, for our three
large steamers had given them evidence
of the fact; but that they should see a
carriage propelled on land by the same
power, was to them w onder upon won
der. After the track was laid, the en
gine was placed Hp’oa it, and put in ope
ration, and when they saw it whirling
around with the .*ar at the rate of fifteen
or twenty miles an hour, and carrying
five or six pers ns, their surprise was
complete. When it was stopped they
gathered around in crowds, and had an
intense desire to the inside to
J tjnd out, it what made it go;
they opened tiie twike box door, and
the furnace door, but could see nothing
but fire and smoke; they looked into the
smoke pipe, though very cautiously, after
having seen the steam snorting from it at
such a furious rate. There were about
2,000 people, at least there appeared lo
be that number, who came to see iq and
it v. as with some difficulty, at first, that
any of them could be persuaded to r;de
upon it; but their shyness soon wore cif, j
and passengers could be had in abun
dance; five or six could seat themselves
very ea-iiy oh the gender and car. It was
very amuMog, a railroad in Japan. Who
Would ever nave thought of such a thing
but Uncle Sam? The first locomotive,
too, ever iu operation in. Japan, built out
and out at Norris’s! 1 need hardly tell
you that l take a great deal of pride iu it.
At evety stopping the gentleman in
charge, Mr. Dauby, of the Mississippi,
would exclaim, at the top of his voice,
“Passengers please show theit tickets,”
“Passengers for Gorie Kama get out
here and secure their baggage,” “Passen
gers for Jeddo will please secure theii
tickets before they get in the csrs,” then,
the whistle wound sound, and the bell
‘ling, to give that the time was
up, aud warriWg to and then
a snort or two, and off they flew again.—
It was conducted in true Yankee style.
The Japanese were highly pleased, and
expressed their admiration iu the warm
est terms. affair was conduct
ed under the immediate superintendence
of Mr. Gray, Chief Engineer of the Mis
sissippi. hs operation was peifect; not
the smallest bolt (and some of them are
indefinitely small) having given way,
nor the accident having occur
red to it. It made the circuit of the
track from three and a half to four times
a minute, and it being about 370 fee’- iu |
circumference, would be equal to a speed
of fifteeu miles pet hour, this was per
formed, carry grown persons. It
could have been driven up to a higher
speed, but this was sufficient lo answer
the purpose for wh.ch it was intended.
The car is a splendid specimen of work
manship, and reflects great credit on the
maker; It is a perfect model of a full grown
car, with every thing complete. There
was one exception, which was discovered
by an officer, an old railroad traveller, and
that was the hook3 inside for hanging
carpet bags and umbrellas upon were o
mitted; conveniences of great
importance, by the rail
road traveller. track is tb be taken
up and transported with the car and lo
comotive to Jeddo, to be placed iu the
Emperor’s garden, for the Empress and
himself to play with I suppose, that is, if
there is an Empress. It will be fine sport
for them, as the-prosent Emperor is quite
a young man, the old Emperor having
died during the interval of our visits It
was suggested by someone to send him
some genuine old American whiskey, but
some of the old functionaries here, replied
that we “had better send him books, that
he might learn something; he was too
young to drink whiskey” which I thought
a very good reply, though they are gene
rally very fond of wines and other liquors.
We are now free from the expedition,
our ships being placed at the disposal of
Mr. McLane, our Minister to China.—
We left Japan on the 24th of March, and
! arrived here on the 2d instant; the rest of
! the squadron was left with the Commo
• dore, who was still engaged in negotiating
•for the treaty, though the day of our de
parture was the one appointed for the
i signing, and I suppose its final consnm
; mation as far as Commodore Perry is con
cerned. The Saratoga was in readiness”
(lo convey Capt. Adajurs to the United
{States, by the wav of tlie Sandwich Is
j iqnds and Horn, as bearer of dcs-
I patches to the ‘government When she
’ arrives I suppose the result will be an
nounced officially, and it will soon be
heralded over the vrorld as a most t-ignal |
triumph of American intelligence and en
terprise. Nothing was positively knowm
to ns when we left, as to the -xact nature
of the treaty; but it is generally under
stood and believed that we shall have
three ports opened to oiir commerce, and
where our California steamers can obtain
supplies of coal, and protection for our
mariners, which are certainly objects
of great importance to our govern
ment, as well as to seafaring men, the
gales in these seas at certain seasons of
the year being terrific.
The weather was very cold during the
greater part of our stay there, the ther
mometer frequently standing as low as 32
degrees, which would probably beconsid-
j ered moderate at that time ia some parts
jof the States, but.we felt it severely, after
jso long a sojourn in a warm climate We
I saw the first snow there that we had seen
since we left home. The back country is
very mountainous and covered with snow,
and with the bright sunlight glistening
upon i heir White peaks, they formed a
magnificent back ground to the green val
leys aud plains below. I was surprised
to see everything along the shore so green,
WVi+e'-rtrr- wiiitj'u. a.iul
to find it so cold out where we were an
chored; but upon going ashore I found
the weather quite miid, and all kinds of
vegetation in a flourishing state. Mount’
Fusi, or Fusi Yama, looked up far above
its neighbors, and looked like an immense
snow bank. Its form is that of a cone,
and is the highest mountain in Japan, be
ing 13,000 feet above the level of tbo sea,
: and though it only looked to be a few
miles from us, it was at least 60 miles
distant. It was once a volcano, but is
now totally extinct. As we entered the
mouth of the bay, we passed a small is
land, upon which was a volcano in full
blast. Great columns of black smoke is-
sued from it at a fearful rate, though not
accompanied by any noise. It is called
Sulphur Island, and said to be covered
with sulphur. The western shore of the
bay is lined with villages, and as far as
we could see the soil appeared very fertile,
and the climate suitable, I should think,
for the production of almost everything.
Ve obtained supplies of vegetables,
such as sweet potatoes, radishes, carrots,
&c., which were very fine indeed, and the
waters abound in fine fish and oysters.
The Commodore will visit the ports named
m tb-e treaty a- and surveys of some
c-f the harbors, which will occupy several
months; after which lie will return to
Hong Kong, when I hope he will have
the sweet privilege of returning to the
happy shores of America. It was not
my intention to make my letter so exten
sive w hen 1 commenced, but ouly to give
you a short account of what interested
me, aud that which I thought w'ouhl deep
ly interest you—the complete success of
the rail road; but hoping it will not prove
uninteresting, I am, with the greatest re
spect, your most obedient servant,
ili? Treaty with Japan.
ttulifk'd by U. S Senate on the 15ih July, ISSJ.
[Confidential J
Treaty between the UniieJ States of
America and the Empire of Japan,
done at Kanagavva, the third day of
March, arid of Kiyei Hie seventh year,
third Month, ami Uurd day.
The United States of America and the
Empire of Japan, desiring to establish
firm, listing, and sincere friendship be
tween the two nations, have resolved to
fix, in a tri an tier clear and positive, by
means of a treaty or general convention
c,f peaca and amity, the rules which shall
vri future be mutually observed in the
intercourse of their respective countries,
for wh ch most desirable object the Pres
ident ol the Uubed States has conferred
full power# upon his Commissioner, Mat
thew Galbraith Perry, Special Ambassa
dor of toe United States to Japan, and
the August sovereign of Japan has given
similar full power to his Commissioners,
Hayashi, Dai-gakad—no—Hami, Iniado,
Prince of Zsus-Sima, lzawa, Prince of
Mamasaki, and Udono, member of the
Board of Revenue. And the said Com
missioners, after having exchanged their
said full powers, and duly considered the
premises, have agreed to the following
articles:
Article I. There shall be a perfect,
permanent, and universal peace, and a
sincere and cordial amity between the
Uuited States of America on the one
part, and the Empire of Japan upon ‘he
other part, and between their people re
spectively, without exception of persons
or places.
Art. 11. The port of Sirnoda, in the
Principality ofjdzu, and the port of Ba
codade, in the Principality of Matsmai,
are granted by the Japanese as ports for
the reception of American ships, where
they can be supplied with wood, water,
provisions and coal, and other articles
their necessities may require, as fir as
the Japanese have them. The time for
opening rite first named port, is immedi
ately upon the signing of this treaty; the
last named port is to be opened immedi
ately after the same day in the ensuing
Japanese year. [Note. —A tariff ot
prices shall be given by the Japanese
officers of the things which they can furn
ish, payment for which shall be made in
gold or silver coin. ]
Art. 111. Whenever ships of ihe ‘Uni
ted States are thrown or wrecked upon
the coast of Japan, the Japanese vessels
will assist them and carry their crews to
Sirnoda or Hacodade and hand them
over to their countrymen appointed to re
ceive them; whatever articles the ship
wrecked men may have preserved shall
likewise be restored,! aud the expenses
inclined in the rescue and support of
Americans and Japanese who may thus
he thrown upon the shore of either na
tion, are not to he refunded.
Art IV. T hose shipwrecked persons]
ati ‘ other citizens of the United States
shall he free as in other countries, and
not subject to confinement, hut shall be
amenable to just laW’s.
Art.. Y. Shipwrecked men and other
citizens of the United States temporarily
living at Simoda and Hakodade shall not
be subject to such restrictions and confine
ment as the Dutch and Chinese are in
Naga-snki, bat shall be free at Simoda to
go where they please within the limits of
seven Japanese miles (or ri) from a small
island in the harbor of Simoda-marked on
the accompanying chart thereto appended;
and shall in like manner he free to go
where they please at Hakodade within
limits to be defined after the visit of the
United States squadron to that place.
Art YI. If there Vie any other sort of
goods wanted or any business which shall
require to bo arranged, there shall be
careful deliberation between the parties in
order to settle such matters.
Art. VII. It is agreed .that ships of
the United States resorting to the ports
open to them, shall be permitted to ex
change gold and silver coin and articles
of goods for other articles of goods, under
such regulations as shall be temporarily
established by the Japanese Government
for that purpose. It is stipulated, how
ever, that the ships of the United States
shall be permitted to carry away whatever
articles they are unwilling to exchange.
Art. VIII. Wood, water, provisions,
coal and goods required, shall only be #
procured through the agency of Japanese
officers, appointed for that purpose, and
Art. IX. It is agreed thai, if at any
future day the Government of Japan shall
grant to any other nations or nation pri
vileges or advantages which are not here*
in granted to the United States and the
citizens thereof, that those same privileges
and advantages shall be granted likewise
to the United States and the citizens!
thereof, without any consultation or do- i
lay. . I
Art. X. Ships of the United States j
shall be permitted to resort to no other
ports in Japan but Simoda and Hakodade,
unless in distress or forced by stress of
weather.
Art XL There shall bo appointed by
the Government of the United States,
consuls or agents to reside in Simoda at
any time after the expiration of eighteen
months from the date of the signing of this
treaty, provided that either of the two
Governments deem such an arrangement
necessary.
Art. XII. The present Convention
haviug been concluded and duly signed
shall be obligatory and faithfully observed
by the United States of America and Ja
pan, and by the citizens and subjects of
each respective power; and it is to be rat
ified and approved by the President of
tub United States, by and with the adrtcr.
and consent of the Senate thereof, and by
the august Sovereign of Japan, and the
ratification shall be exchanged within
eighteen months from the date of the sig
nature thereof, or sooner if practicable.
In the faith whereof, we, the respective
Plenipotentiaries of the United States of
America and the Empire of Japan afore
said, have signed and sealed these pre
sents.
Doue at Kanagawa this third day of
March, in the year of our Lord Jesus
Christ, 1854, and of Kayer the seventh
year, third month and third day.
[Signed by the Commissioners.]
From the New York Leader.
Life among the mormons.
In the wide and well-timbered bottom
of the Arkansas, the Mormons had erected
a street of log shanties, in which to pass
the inclement winter. These were built
of rough logs of cottonwood, laid one a
bove the other, the interstices being filled
with mud, and rendered impervious to
wind or wet. At one end of the row of]
shanties was the “church” or temple—a
long building of huge logs, in which the
prayer meetings and holdingg-forth took
place. >
The mountain hunters found this camp
a profitable market for their meat and
deerskins, with which latter .commodity
the Mormons were now compelled to clothe
themselves, and resorted there for that
purpose—to say nothing of the really
beautiful Missourian girls, who sported
their tall graceful figures at the frequent
fandangoes. Danciug and preaching go
hand in hand in Mormon doctrine, and
the “temple” was generally cleared for a
“hop” two or three times during the week,
a couple of fiddles doing the duty of or
chestra. A. party of mountaineers came
in one day, bringing deerskins, and were
invited to be present at one of these fes
tivals.
Arrived at the temple, they were rather
taken aback on finding themselves in for a
sermon, which one of the elders delivered
preparatory to the “physical exercises.”
The preacher was one Brown—called, by
reason of his commanding a company of
Mormon volunteers, “Cap’en Brown”—a
hard featured, black coated man of five
and forty, correctly got np in black, con
tinuations, and white handkerchief round
his neck, a costume seldom seen at the
foot of the Rocky Mountains. The Cap
’en rising, cleared his voice, and thus com
menced, first turning to an elder (with
whom there was a little rivalry in the way
of preaching): “Brother Dowdier* (bro
ther Dowdlc blushed and nodded: he was
a long tallow-faced man, with black hair,
combed over his forehead.) “I feel like
holding forth a little this afternoon, be
fore we glorify the Lord-a in tne- a-holy
dance. As there are a great many strange
gentlemen now-a preseut, it’s about right
to tell ’em-a-what our doctrine jnst is,
and so I toll’s ’em right off what the Mor
mons is. They are the chosen of the
Lord; they are the children of glory, per
secuted by the hand of man; they flies
hero to the wilderness, and, among the
Injinc3 and the huffier , they lifts np_ their
heads, aud cries with a loud voice, Susan
j uah! and hurray for the promised land!
|Do you -believe it? I know it.
[ “They wants tfc know whar we’re going.
Whar the Church goes, thar we goes.—
Yes, to hell, and pull the Devil off Lis
throne—that’s what we’ll do. Do you
believe it? I know it.
“Thar’s milk and honey in that land
as we’re goiu’ to, and the lost tribes of
Israel is thar, and will jinc ’em. They say
as we'll starve on the road, bekase thar’s
uo game and no water; but thar’s manna
up in heaven, and it’ll rain on us, and thar’a
prophets among trs can make the water
“coipe ” . Can’t they, brother Dowdle?”
“ f Veil they can?”
“And now, what have the Gentiles and
Philistines to say against us” Mormons?—
They say we’re thieves, and steal hogs;
yes, damn ’em! they say we have as many
wives as we like So we have. I’ve
twenty—forty, myself, and mean to have
as many more as I can get. But it’s to
pass uufortuuate females into heaveu that
I has ’em—yes, to prevent ’em going to
roaring flames and damnation that 1 does
it.
“Brother Dowdle,” he continued, its a
hoarse low voice, “I’ve give out,” and
think, we’d better begin the exercises gret
fnl to the Lord.”
Brother Dowdle rose, and, after saying
that he did’nt feel like saying much, bagg
ed to remind all hands, that dancing was
solemn like, to be done with proper devo
tion, and not with laughing and talking,
of which he hoped to hear little or none;
that joy was to be in their-liearts, and not
on their lips; that they danced for the
glory of the Lord, and not their own a
musement, as did. the Gentiles. After
saying this, he Called upon brother Ezra
to “strike up;” sundry couples stood forth, 1
and the ball commenced.
Ezra of the violiu was a tall shambling
Missourian, with a pair of “homespun”
lb ilirtlflt VMk* /ij* 1a Ift.hflflVy
boots. Nodding his head in time with the
music, he occasionally gave instructions to
such of the dancers as were at fault, sing
ing them to the tune he was playing, in a
dismal nasal tone
“Down thccenlre—hands ao."os?i
You, Jke Herrin? —thump if.
New, you n!i go right ahead—
Every one of you jump it,
Every one of you —hump it. n
The last words being the signal that all
should clap the steam on, which they did
con amove, and with comical seriousness.
A mountaineer, Rube Herring, became
a convert to the Mormon creed, and held
forth its wonderful doctrines to snch of
the credulous trappers as he could indnee
to listen to him. Old Fvnbe stood nearly
six feet six inches in height, and was spare
and bony in his make. He had picked
up an extraordinary cloth coat among the
Mormons, which had belonged to some
one more than his equal in stature. This
coat was of a snuff-brown color, had its
waist about a hand’s span from the nape
of Rube’s neck, or about a yard above its
proper position, and the skirts reached to
his ankles. A slouching felt-hat covered
his head, from which the long black hair
escaped, Ranging in st-ts-es over hio fontarn
jaws. His pantaloons, of buckskin, were
shrunk with wet, and reached midway be
tween his knees and ankles, and his huge
feet were encased in raoccassins of buffalo
skin.
Rabe was never without the book c f
Mormon in his hand, and his sonoroak
voice might be heard, at all hours of the
day and night, reading passages’ from its
wonderful pages. He stood the badger
ing of the hunters with most perfect good
hntnor, and said that such a book as that
was never before printed; that the Mor
mons was the “biggest kind” of prophets,
and theirs the best faith ever believed in.
Rnbe had let out one day that he Was
to be hired by this party of Mormons as
guide to the Great Salt Lake; but their
destination being changed, and his service
not required, a wonderful change came
over his mind. He was, as usual, book of
Mormon in hand, when brother Brown
announced the change in their plans; at
which the book was cast into the Arkan
sas, and Rube exclaimed—“ Cuss your darn
ed Murnmum and Thummura! Thar’s
not one among you, knows “fat cow from
poor ball,” and you may go to hell for
me.” And turning away, old Rube spat
out a qa and of tobacco and his Mormonism
together. Ruxion'a Life in the Far
West.
Santa Anna, it is stated, availed him
self of his recent march to Acapulco, to
test the accuracy of the recent reports
that the mountains of Guerrero contain
extensive coal mines. Ihe result of his
investigation satisfied him that there are
almost inexhanstable supplies of this valu
able article, which can be obtained in any
quantity, at Acapulco, at a cost consider
ably less than the freight on that now
carried there from England and the At
lantic States, for the use of our steamers.
Santa Anna has also satisfied himself that
the undeveloped precious mineral wealth
of Mexico is immeasurably greater than
has ever heretofore been supposed; and it
is his desire and purpose to adopt mea
sures to make these treasures available.
An Irruption of Water. —The Paul
ding Clarion says that the Mississippi
overflowed its banks recently in the rich
alluvial county of Bolivar, causing a de
struction utterly ruinous, the preseut sea
son, upon many plantations. Splendid
tracts of -fertile lands, ripe in promise for
the harvost, have been submerged; and
where all was verdure and vernal beauty
a few days previous, the scene at the pe
riod of the inundation presented a vast
sheet of desolating waters, an “inland
sea,” upon many plantations. The loss is
estimated at $250,000.
Freedom of Speech.- —A Western jus
tice of the peace ordered a witness to
“come up and be sworn.” He was inform
ed that the man was deaf and dumb. “I
don’t care,” said the Judge passionately,
“whether he is or not—here is the Con
stitution of the United States before me.
It guarantees to every man the right of
speech: and so long as I have the honor
of a seat on this bench, it shall not be
violated or invaded. What this Consti
tution guarantees to a man he shall have,
I reekow.”
No. 30.