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VOL.. XV.
THE (IEORGIA JKPWOMN.
IS PUBLISHED evert tiiursdat morning
BY WILLIAM CLINE,
At Two Dollars and Fifty Cents per an
nnm, or Two Dollars paid in advance.
ADVERTISEMENTS are inserted at OXL
DOLLAR nor square,(or the first insertion, and
FIFTY GE.\TS per square, for caeh insertion
tiiernalter.
A reasonable ileduouoii will ne made to those
who advertise by the year.
All rdvertisements not otherwise ordered, will
he continued till fortml.
fCjr” ‘.’ALF.S OF LANDS hy Administrators,
Kxe ..tors or Guardians are required hj law to be
held on the first Tuesday in the month, between
the hours of ten in the (orenoon and three in the
ottrrnoon, at the Court-House, in the county m
which the land is situated. Notice of these sale,
wuist he given in a public gazette FORTY DAYS
previous to the dav of sale.
S Qf.FS OF NEGROES must he made at pub
lie Miction on the first Tuesday of the month, he
tween the usual hours of sale, at the place ol pub
he sales in the county where the letters Tesla
mi ntary, of Administration or Guardianship ma
have been panted; tirst giving FORTY FAY
notice tl.eivofin one of the public gazettes of tli
Slat., iT-.i at the court house who c such salearsi
tv, t-. he id.
riortcc lor the sale of Personal Property must
bs given in like manner FORTY DAYS previous
l .1 I no day of sale.
Notice to Debtors and Creditors of an estate
uunt he published FORTY DAYS.
Notice that application will he mndeto the Court
Ordinary for leave to sell land must be pub
isfied for TWO MOXTHS ,
Notice fur leave to sell negroes must he
published TWO .MON TfIS before any order ab
to'utc shall he made thereon by the Court.
CITATIONS for Letters of Administration
must be published thirty dais; for Dismission,
from Administration, monthly six months; so
Dismission from Guardianship, forty days.
Rules for:he Foreclosure of Mortgage must br
pnliiishod MONTHLY FOR FOUR MONTHS, tor pub ,
lishng lost papers, for the full space of three
months; for compelling titles from Executors,
a Jiirinisirators, whose a bond lias been given by :
t he deceased, for the space of three months.
From the Washington Globe of August 4th.
Tlioris en a Faded I3oin.
37 M. JEEMS SNOOKS.
!n looking o-.ver my trunk one da
1 ‘it onto an old hoka
imrgit'y {hurts curr. Intc n;y l.ert
& tf.as io the old buka l sei—
Fore dride up thing wat made u laid
&. rinkle up like an ole made
What made you h.zc you sweet perphumc
VVitoli u iu'l f) . it tus mi Uil ut >;iij ;;
A iss* what apcssc n in yu b ze
Tu awl hn sea u with thareise
Butt rtn nsi ov aw! sliced the line seek
L*m wisdiiin rtem ut c-iptcK
T|ytr< |phorrr.s so p'tinre and plump to see
Lyke ded renz Icrrs will drved up be
Tl an jsl oalders wiith they iho tu awl
VVil then he kivcicd with a fhorl
Thnre icund hair arms so very whyte
Wil then bee hid cleen out ov site
Sc varyusjother ov these man killers
Wi! bee consecled by phyne mantillors
There is Fomelhmt|r ry grotesque in the annex
ed “Invitation to Mont Jlianc,” hy a Yankee
traveller in Italy:
“How do du Mount Bane? I vow I’m glad to
meet >r : ;
A tliUnd’iin “list o’miie* I’ve come to greet vs’
I’m f*oiJi Aimr'ca, wheic we’ve got * fountain,
Niagara it’s caned,-where- you might me.
Your nnghty phiz ; then yon could shirt and share
In old Kentuck—in oar Mammoth Cave :
Or take ojsnctsa when you’re in want of rest,
On our big prairies in the far “Far West
Or, when you’re dry, might cool your heated liver,
By sipping up the Mississippi River ;
And after drinking ut the mighty .fountain,
Could make a pillow of tbe.Rocky Mountain.
As for companions, should you wish for any,
Why, we’ve the Kaitskilfnnd the Alleghany ;
You may accept them with impunity.
They both stand high in our cnninim’ity.
Give us a call. You’d almost step from hence,
Our folks ull long to see Your Eminence.
Como over, Blanc ! don’t make the least ado,
Bring Madame Jura with you, and the little gla
irr too!”
Fromjhe WashingtonjUnion.
Secret Societies.
Secret societies afe of two kinds—char
itable and companionable, and political
and revolutionary. The former arc illus
trated by Masonry and Odd-Fellowship,
and the latter by Jacobinism in France,
and other like societies in Turkey and oth
er places in Europe, and by Know Notli
ingisra in the United States. The one
class professes to administer charity, and
protect and preserve the persons and mor
als of its members, and the other seeks to
overthrow the institutions of the country,
and adopt others of their own creation.—
Notwithstanding the eminent names en
rolled in its ranks, a single act of violence
committed in western New York, some
twenty-five years since, essentially destroy
ed there, and in Vermont, Pennsylvania,
and in some other States, the good stand
ing and influence of Masonry. Without
regard to party predilections or religious
associations, the outrage upon Morgan
aroused a fierce and indomitable feeling
against Masonry. Anti-Masonic papers
were started, and condidates were nomi
nated. Anti-Masonry triumphed in large
sections of country by the votes of both
great political parties. But the circle of
its influence was limited, and the princi
ples of this new “one-idea party” were
too intolcrcnt and unforgiving to permit
it to enlarge. The national republ can
party (now whig) in New York, under
the guidance of Seward, Weed, and oth
ers, sought and secured the aid of this
new combination to elevate the enemies
of democracy to power. By a little le
gerdemain these two parties were induced,
separately at first, and afterwards in com
bination, to nominate the same candidates
for all offices. Seward and his compan
ions rode into position and power upon
Anti-Masonry and Whiggevy combined.—
These skilful tacticians used Anti-Masonry
with success; but where is the Anti-Ma
sonic party now ? Not one of all who
were elevated by her influence is now wil
ling to own her fellowship or write her
epitaph. Masonry flourishes in all parts
of the Union, and anti-Masonry is forgot
ten It originated in an abhorrence of
wrong and hostility to secret societies,
though established for charitable and mor
al purposes; it received the embraces of
unscrupulous politicians, and sunk to an
early aud obscure grave
If the country was aroused by one act
,of cruelty by a secret, charitable, and
moral institution, what may be expected
in relation to those of a political associa
tion whose avowed objects are to operate
upon the government of the country, to
control the legislation, laws, and business,
to proscribe aud punish freedom of opin
ion in religion, and to annihilate that tol
eration in thought and liberty of action
which lays at the foundation of our insti
tutions ? A secret political society in
THE GEORGIA JEFFERSONIAN.
Turkey is responsible for its slaughtered
thousands. France lias been deluged in
blood by secret politicai associations. —
American blood has'bccn shed by those
! existing here for no cause but’differences
j of opinion and the accident of birth-pla®s,
while our private schools have been the
theatre of proscription and intolerance.
Even helpless females have been thrust
from their employment, and the charge of
children they loved, merely because they
chose to worship their God, in a free
country, according to the dictates of their
consciences. These are but a few of the
consequences of the secret political socie
ties in this country called Know Noth
ings. Are these tilings worthy of a great
and free people ? 31 r: Jefferson said, er
ror might safely be tolerated where reason
was left free to combat it. Reason is an
American weapon, and harms nothing but
error. Wc appealed to ‘reason when we
published the Declaration of Indepen
dence. Wc appealed to it in adopting our
constitution and in making our laws, and
we appeal to It when we seek modifica
tions of either. It is the light we use
when wc construe them. Wc appeal to it
in our business, and in all the worthy
transactions of life. Secrecy, in relation
to public affairs, is only sought by those
whose motives and acts will not stand the
test of public scrutiny. Is there any good
cause why an American freeman, discus
sing our public affairs, should seek obscu
rity and closed doors, and conceal his
opinions and acts ? Is ono who does so
really free and independent ? Is lie not,
in fact, a slave to wily leaders, the prison
er of error, and the dupe of fanaticism ?
A freeman enforces his views by using
such arguments as he thinks sustains them,
and challenges those who differ with him,
to answer if they can. Those whose mo
tives or acts he arraigns have an opportu
nity for self-defence, if not of reerim'na
tion. When truth combats error, individ-
uals are protected and tho public welfare
is safe. All arc sentinels, all hear the
watchword, and all rally to sustain jus
tice and freedom. But who is safe when
tho accusation, trial, and conviction are all
secret ? Ought the destinies of free
America to be entrusted to those who
conceal their motives and actions, and who
dare not submit either to the calm consul
eration"of the judgment of their neigh
bors, or the criticisms of the public ?
Who knows what false charges are made
in these secret gatherings—what false tes
timony is given—what unsound arguments
are urged, or unjust and indefensible
judgments are rendered ? Neither per
sons, character or couutry arc.’safe where
these societies are tolerated. An angel
from heaven might not be safe in the
hands of such a tribunal. If these socie
ties receive a popular condemnation, as
they surely will in time, in proportion to
the enormities of their offences, compared
to that inflicted upon the Masons for an
offence deplored by all, it will’be a severe
reproach to charge a man with member
ship. It will be a stigma which all will
wish to wipe off. Freedom and secret ty
ranny cannot live together. Lot us warn
those who are. unwittingly drawn into
these secret cabels, to remember the fate
of Anti-Masonry. None now so poor as
to do her reverence, and none so affection
ate in their remembrances as to place a
stone at her grave. The same political
party that flattered and cajoled Anti-Ma
sonry, by calling down anathemas upon all
secret societies, is now warming Know
Nothings into existence. The inconsisten
cy of its position—first denouncing, and
now applauding, secret societies—is no
barrier to its action. To a very great ex
tent the same men who denounced Mason
ry, and fought Masons with a demon’s
fierceness, are now the*leadcrs in these
new secret gatherings. The whig party
once profited by the fall of a great char
itable society, while it now endeavors to
rise by applauding and warming an un
scrupulous political one into life. Its
members will find as anti-Masons did, that
its touch is more fatal than the shade of
the Bohon Upas. Whiggcry will use them
and cast them off when they can no longer
subserve their purposes, as they have eve
ry ism that has sprung up. An American
who is a man, a freeman, who is not afraid
of daylight, nor facts, nor arguments, will
never surrender Ins liberty of speech and
action at the bidding of others, nor be
made their tool to destroy reputation, to
punish freedom of action, thought and
religion, nor seek to change our systems
by secret or even “shady” conduct; but
like the righteous, he will be bold as a lion,
and act and talk open and free, like a
man who believes lie is entirely in the
right.
Know Nothhisisai lit Pennsylva
nia.
The political canvass has fairly opened
in Pennsylvania, and it gives us much
pleasure to add that some of the most
distinguished members of the democratic
party of that State—men who seldom take
an active part in the primary meetings of
the people, are doing good, faithful and
efficient service in behalf of those princi
ples which haue exalted the nation to its
present proud and protecting position.—
So fur from avoiding or evading the issue
raised by tills new fledged Order of Know
Nothings, it is met with the reliability of
conscious strength, and with an alacrity
of spirit which is but the presage of an
easy victory. The tone of the democratic
press of Pennsylvania, at this j uncture, is
firm, united, healthy, hopeful and patriotic
in an eminont degree On this subject
the Pcnnsyluaniau holds the following
cheering language :
“Qf all the numerous democratic meet
ings held in different portions of this aud
other States, whose proceedings come un
der our notice, scarcely one fails to de
nounce in the most emphatic terms the
new secret political society known as
Know Nothings. Nearly all the demo
cratic papers take the same course. It is
evident that this organization will encoun
ter the untiring opposition of our party. It
is a duty which all good citizens owe to
the country, to oppose such treasonable
and unholy combinations, which arc preg
nant with danger to, and at variance with,
the spirit and genius of our liberal institu
tions. If all the members of a proscribed
sect, and all men born on a foreign soil,
arc, in defiance of our laws, to be robbed
GRIFFIN, (GA.) THURSDAY MORNING, SETPEMBER 7. 1854.
of their poiitical rights, by a secret oath
bound conspiracy, it is impossible to tell
who will be the next victims, nor to what
extent the provisions of our laws may be
overthrown.”— Washington Union,
Tlie Amazons of Africa.
BY A. A. FOOTE, U. S. K.
“In Dahomey, a considerable portion of
the national troops consist of armed and
disciplined females. They are known as
being loyal women, strictly and watchful
ly kept from any communication with men,
and seem to have been trained through
discipline and the force of cooperation, to
tlm accomplishment of enterprises from
which the tumultuous warriors af a native
army would shrink. A late English au
thor (Duncan) says, “I have seen them,
all well armed, and generally fine, strong,
healthy women, and doubtless capable of
enduring great fatigue. They seem to use
the long Danish musket with as much
case as one of our grenadiers does his fire
lock, but not, of course, with the same
quickness, as they arc not trained to any
particular exercise; but, on receiving the
word, make an attack like a pack of
hounds, with great swiftness. Os course,
they would be useless against disciplined
troops, if at all approaching to tho same
numbers. Still, their appearance is more
military than the generality of men, and if
undertaking a campaign, I should prefer
the female to the male soldiers of this
country. n *
The same author thus describes a field
review of these Amazons, which he wit
nessed: “I was conducted to a large space
of open ground where fourteen days had
been occupied in erecting three immense
prickly piles of green bush. These three
clumps of piles, of a sort of strong brier
or thorn, armed with the most dangerous
prickles, were placed in line, occupying
about four hundred yards, leaving only a
narrow passage between them, sufficient
merely to distinguish each clump appoint
ed to each regiment. These piles were
about seventy feet wide and eight feet
high. Upon examining them, I could not
persuade myself that any human beiug,
without boots or shoes, would, under any
eirofcnstances, attempt to pass over so
dangerous a collection of the most effi
ciently armed plants ! had ever seen.
“The Amazons wear a blue striped cot
ton surtout, manufactured by the natives,
and a pair of trousers falling just below
the knee. The cartridge box is girded
around the loins.
“The drums and trumpets soon an
nounced the approach of three or four
thousand Amazons. The Dahomey sol
diers ( female) made their appearance at
about two hundred yards from or in front
of, the first pile, where they halted with
shouldered arms. In a few seconds the
word for attack was given, and a rush
was made toward the pile beyond concep
tion, and in less than one minute the whole
body had passed over this immense pile,
and taken the supposed town. Each of
the other piles were passed with the same
rapidity, at intervals of twenty minutes.
When a person is killed in battle, the skin
is taken from the head, and kept as a trophy
of valor. I counted seven hundred scalps
pass in this maimer. The captain of each
corps (female,) in passing, again present
ed themselves before his Majesty, and re
ceived the King’s approval of their con
duct.
T!ie Rlilleniuni.
‘‘Know vc not the signs of the times?”
We have heard a great deal said lately
of the signs of the times, and many are
crying ‘To here and lo there,” but wc
think “the end is not yet,” by a pretty
considerable yarn. There is a large a
raount of moral amendment to be accom
plished before even “the good time com
ing” shall arrive, and whoever does the
work, if he docs it by means, will have io
operate quick, to do it within the present
century Our poor opinion is, that the
world is yet in its infancy in moralstature,
and will have to grow a great while
in goodness and virtue before the lion will
lie down with the lamb and not get up
and cat him. Where is the old man that
will say that the world is improved in
goodness since he was a boy, and how
many will tell you the reverse? VVe know,
that a3 the shades of age pass over us,
things acquire a more sombre hue. Wc
wiil make allowance for all that; but still
there is nothing like the simple, honest,
virtuous habits amongst the people now
that there were forty years ago. Nothing
like them. We do not believe that this
“lo here and lo there” is going to make
any of the chilJrou of Adam a whit bet
ter. They are all to become “like little
children” or they “never can sec the king
dom of Heaven,” and striving to get a
peep over the battlements of time into a
coming futurity, is too much in the charac
ter of a peeping Tom of Coventry to do
us much good. We merely seek to grati
fy our curiosity, and not to become better
men and better women by it. As to the
progress of society, at least in Yankee
dom, let the following article speak, which
we extract from a Lowell f Massachusetts j
paper, surrounded, as it is, by 15,000 of
the fair sex, which ought to make society
better, if any thing can:
The Rich and the Poor.
That great feature of European society
which presents one part of its members
on the height of power and happiness
while the other lies at the lowest depth
of weakness and misery, is beginning to
be perceptible in the older settled portions
of the United Statos. Every peculiarity
in European cities which has excited our
commiseration, is getting to be discarna
ble among us, not to any very aggrava
ted extent, lo be Mire, but to some extent
nevertheless. Wo may be reluctant to
admit this; we may boast of general hap
piness and prosperity as we please; and
shut our eyes upon the widening breach
between wealth and poverty, morality
and immorality, if we choose. Open
them we must, eventually; and open
them when we will, the most disagreeable
peculiarities of European cities will be
found waxing more prominent every day.
The New York Times has a paragraph
on this theme, worthy of notice:
“Our crime, as we have shown again
and agian, is already far greater in pro
portion to our numbers than theirs.
Prostitution is fully equal in all its grades.
We have it in palaces as gorgeous as
theirs, and in hovels as foul as Europe
ever contained. The growing avarice of
employers, and the increasing necessities
of the employed, have made “strikes”
here as common as there; and the results
in either are the same. Our mechanics
and laborers have found it necessary to
form Protective Associations, such as
have existed for many years in Europe;
and the position of the employer and the
employed here and there is approaching
to similarity with greater rapidity than
we care to acknowledge. Poverty is al
so rapidly increasing, and assuming ma
ity of its Transatlantic features. Society
here regards it much in the same way that
nis there viewed. It is true that there
are those who strive to help the poor
along, but they are not sufficiently nume
rous. Poverty the most abject increases,
notwithstanding their philanthropic ef
forts; and the inclination to treat it, in its
remedies, as in tho same category with
crime, is also gaining ground. Though
not entered as such, in the conditions un
der which men have united in society, it
is more surely punished than any violas
tion of the written compact. Brand
“Poverty” upon a human brow, and is uot
its boarer shunned? Point him out ns
poor, and who will tender him a friendly
greeting? Report his wife destitute,
and who will look kmdly when she ap
proaches? Let his children cry for bread,
and who will pronounce aught else than
“Paupers,” as they pass? Say heconnot
pay his rent, and who but the Sheriff will
seek his door?”
Tire fact is, that ail the vices of civil
j ization are rapidly increasing in our midst,
and at an equal, if not greater, ratio with
its virtues. Looking at the subject ab
stractly, indeed, nothing strikes the curi
ous student of history, as he traces the
growth of man from age to age, from
people to people, more forcibly than the
fact that precisely in proportion and de
gree, as he has exchanged barbarism for
civilization, he has also brought the cul
ture of his improved condition into the
record of his vices and his crimes. Re
finement, taste and art, says one, have
gilded the goblets of sin; poetry has wo
ven round the polluted altars of iniquity
garlands of verse and song, whose inspi
ration seems almost caught of heaven; the
wisest intellects, and the most god like of
human make, have stooped to lay a gift,
or brought an offering perfumed by their
genius, for the shrine of bacchanalian
pleasure; voluptuous Rome and licentious
Pompeii are existing monuments of civil
ized vice; no traveller among benighted
heathens reveals any story of natural tin,
any picture of uncurbed propensity which
will begin to compare in extent, with that
which the exhumed walls of the long bu
ried city bring back to life. No South
Pacific Islands have manifested the natu
ral depravity of human nature half so
forcibly as the intellectual Greeks. The
nation which gave birth to Demosthenes,
which will live in the memory of mar.
until Art itself is no more, also leaves a
sensual record which almost startles the
reader. Their successors have equalled
them neither in one respect nor in the
other. But when tl e world sees, as ere
long it will see, another Athens, is it also
to behold Athenian vice? We trust no!
in extent, but to a certain degree, judging
from all past experience, it must be so. —
Christianity will have shed its cheerful
lioht not in vain, but Christianity does
not change human natuc. Men will
have passions then as now; temptation will
be more delicately tempting; pleasure
and indulgence will be wrapped in a man
tle so fine that it will almost seem of fairy
make; even high handed crime will have
found instruments which will leave no
revolting murks, no botches, in their
works to the outward eye.
The Spanish Revolution.
Our anticipation (says the Savannah
Georgian) already expressed, that the for
mation of the Espartero Ministry was not
tho end of the Spanish revolution, is con
firmed by the latest intelligence from Eu
rope. There is venj much in the latest
accounts from Madrid to remind the stu
dent of history of the early days of the
first French revolution. Wc await the
sequel with not a little interest.
Wc give below extracts from several
letters received from London, showing the
anxiety which is felt in the British Me
tropolis in regard to Spanish affairs.
London, Aug. 11. —The Madrid Intel
ligencer presents a rather serious feature.
All the desires of the government to fa
cilitate the escape of the Queea mother
have been frustrated by tho vigilance of
tho people, and deputations from various
sections of the city have put forth a de
mand that she shall be detained for trial
before the (Jortos. The council of ministers
have felt compelled to agree to it. She
will consequently henceforth be a close
prisoner; and great anxiety will prevail as
to her probable fate, lest any events
should occur meanwhile to inflame the re
action of the populace and cause sentence
to be pronounced on her life.
If she should ultimately'be condemned
only to safe detention in a fortress, very
few persons will be disposed to regard the
matter with distress. In relation to the
gcneral proceedings of tho Espartero cab
inct it is affirmed that a want of unanimity
has already manifested itself, the more
conservative portion wishing to act under
the restricted constitution of 1845, while
the liberals, in accordance with theory of
the people during tho recent struggle, in
sist upon that of 1837. It is believed’
however, that the former will And them
selves compelled to give w r ay.
From other letters of the same date, we
extract what follows. They are written
from London.
As to Spain, the revolution continues in
full blast, and all power proceeds from the
people Espartero saw himself forced to
acknowledge the revolutionary juntas all
over the kingdom, and when Queen Chris
tina made preparations for leaving the
country, he was unable to guarantee her
safety. She remains hidden in the palace,
while the infuriated masses insist upon
her disgorging the ill-gotten plunder by
which she has enriched the Duke of Rian
zare3, lute Mr. Munoz, and all his family.
No sympathy exists in England for her, as
it has been officially acknowledged by the
English cabinet that she has openly favor
ed the slave trade, and has received a con
siderable profit from the importation of
slaves into Cuba. Espartero is too old
above seventy—and too much wanting in
active energy to be able to control the
Spanish in such an excited period as the
present. He failed eleven years back just
by his want of energy, and was out-gen
eraled by Narvaez, O’Donnell, Serrano,
and other tools of Qaeen Christina. Now
most of his opponents have placed them
selves under his command, but still nobody
believes in the stability of his ministry,
nor docs any one expect Queen Isabella
to keep her throne. She has already once
determined to abdicate in favor of tho in
nocent Princes of Asturias, and the fo
reign diplomatists were summoned to the
place in order to be present at the solemn
transaction; but, if we are to believe the
Timts’ correspondent, it was Mr. Soule
who stepped in, and persuaded her not to
do such a desperate act, which could not
be retraced when things became smooth
er.
Says another correspondent:
Some days ago the Charivari published
a caricature exhibiting the Spanish people
engaged in battle and the two Sabres—
Espartero and O’Donnell, embracing each
other over their heads. The Charivari
mistook for the end of the revolution,
what is only its commencement. The
struggle has already commenced between
O’Doanoll and Espartero, and not only
between them, bat also between the mili
tary chiefs and the people. It has been
of little avail to the government to have
appointed the torreador Bueheca as su
perintendent of the slaughter houses, to
have nominated a committee for the re
ward of the barricade combatants, and
finally to have appointed two Frenchmen,
Pujol and Delrnas, as historiographers of
the revolution. O’Donnell wants the Cor
tes to be elected according to tho law of
1845, Espartero according to the consti
tution oflS3t, and the people by univer
sal suffrage. The people refuse to lay
down their arms before the publication of
a government programme, the programme
of Manzanares no longer satisfying their
views The people demand tho annul
ment of the Concordat of 1552, confisca
tion of the estates of the counter revolu
tionists, an expose of the finances, cancel
ling of all contracts for railways and other
swindling contracts for public works, and
lastly the judgment of Christiana by a
special Court. Two attempts at fight on
the part of the latter have been foiled by
the armed resistance of the people.
The following “bill of indictment” ap
pears in one of the popular organs of .Ma
drid:
From the Malri I Tribune, Aug. 4
Doaa Maria Christina de Bourbon is
debtor to the State, twenty-four millions,
which she received unlawfully as Reina
Gobernadora, from 1534 to 1840, having
married a second time shortly after the
death of her first husband; twelve millions
which were paid to her on Her return from
France for the three years which she pass
ed out of the country; and thirty-four
millions, the difference between the money
of Spain and America, for ten years that
she has drawn her pension on the treasury
of Cuba; making a total of seventy one
millions of reals. With the sweat of the
people the lliaasares family raised their
palace of the Calle de las Rojas; founded
estates at Tarancon; acquired the coal
mines of Langrco; made its own a great
part of the Gijon railroad; took many
shares in the colonization of the Ebro,
took a great number in the company of
La Espana Industrial (a joint stock manu
facturing company) entered with Senor
Salamaca in the participation of various
lines of railroad; and established at Ha
vana engines, aud other speculations.
Fire in tlie 3lomitains and Valleys
The dry and hot summer is producing
its effect upon the forests of the country,
particularly in the Northern and North
Western States. Near Albany, N. Y
says one of our exchanges, several very
extensive fires are raging, and the atmos
phere of the city is rendered hazy with
the smoke. But the greatest conflagra
tion is on the Green Mountains, near Al
lington and Sunderland, Vermont, which,
in the course of five or six days, has tra
velled in a direct line over six miles, spread
ing with fearful rapidity, aud presenting
at night a sublime spectacle. Looking up
from the valley, the eye can survey at a
single glance more than two miles of lurid
flame, aud as the fire leaps from tree to
tree, sweeping upward aud onward, noth
ing can be more magnificent. At the last
accounts, several large and valuable saw
mills were threatened, and the fire travels
so fast that nothing but a great storm can
stop its progress. The Telegraph reports
that a terrible fire is raging in Maine.
A letter dated Cleaveland, Ohio, of the
21th ult. states as follows:
A frightful fire is now raging in the
woods at Cuyahoga Falls, Franklin, Ran
dolph, llauena, Robertson, North Geld,
and parts of Summit and Portage coun
ties, Ohio
Even the soil is burning, to the depth of
one and a half feet. As tire flames are
driven forward by the wind, trees, both
green and dry, are ignited in an instant,
and almost as quickly consumed.
Several barus in the vicinity of the
woods, stowed with hay and grain, have
been destroyed.
Apprehensions are entertained for the
safety of the town of Hudson.
There has been no rain in this section
since the 29th of July, and all vegetation
has suffered greatly from the drought.
Every attempt has been made to arrest
the progress of the flames, but without
success. Water cannot be brought to
bear upon the fire in sufficient quantities
to do any good v
L ast evening this city was envelope! in
smoke from the bU ninj^forest.
The woods near Painesville, for a mile
in length, are all on fire.
A letter from Geneva, of the 21st, says
that the water of Seneca lake is about two
feet below its ordinary level. Farmers,
in many instances, who reside within two
or three miles of the lake, are compelled
to drive their cattle to it for water.
From the S'. Lawrence (N. Y.) Ropublican
August 22d.
The drought still continues, and the un
usually smoky appearance of the atmos
phere indicates the prevalence of fires a
bout us. Indeed, from almost every point
we hear of hard contests with fires; at
Northrup’s, Canton Tillage, Lisbon, and
all along the line of the Ogdcnsbnrg. rail
road. We go not into details. Everybo
dy knows what havoc results from fires in
a dry time—how the woods, fields and
fences suffer, and how the farmer is at
times compelled to call upon all the people
of his neighborhood to help stay its rava
ges. The worst disasters in this category,
we infer from what we have seen and
heard, arc now enacting. The earth needs
rain—man, beast, bird and fish are pant
ing for rain. The late crops and fall feed
will be deficient in consequence. Every
thing is dry, dry, dry—and if this article
is not dry—the same cannot be said of its
writer.
From the Porllan i State of Maine, Aug. 24.
The fire that for several days past has
been burning in the swamp, in the wes
tern part of the city, driven by the wind
yesterday afternoon, extended itself fear
fully toward Bracket street, threatening
destruction to the many wooden buildings
in that neighborhood. About 3 o’clock
the engines were called out, at which time
the fire was in the immediate vicinity of
many buildings, and it seemed impossible
to prevent their conflagration. The time
ly arrival of the engines, however, and
the promptness with which they were set
to work, soon changed the aspect of af
fairs, and all alarm from immediate danger
soon subsided, though the fire still raged
with vigor.
Great numbers of people on foot and
in carriages were in the streets and over
looking the fire, and many buildings were
cleared of their contents. The smoke was
suffocating and the heat oppressive to the
firemen, especially to the hosemcn and
pipemen, who attacked the enemy in his
strongholds.
From the Albany Express, August 2}.
Two or three patches of the “bush”
between this city and Schenectady were
on fire yesterday, and spreading. The
largest area in which fires were seen,
seemed to be some three or four miles ,
square. Generally we noticed these con-’
flagrations were confined to the stunted
growth of the fenceless plains, and the
damage was not so great as the danger of
their spreading into more valuable dis
tricts. A few rods of railway fence have
been burnt, and very much of the grass
and weeds along the line of the track.—
West of Schenectady, as far as Fonda,
we saw no fires; but we learn that west of
that point they were quite frequent. We
saw thousands of acres of the bed of the
Mohawk lying “high and dry,” and in
some places the farmers were cutting up
the corn, which looked small and yellow.
It looked sick. It is usually cut the last
of September or the first of October.
From ilia Amy Journo!, August 21.
We leaVn, this morning, that the wind
changed last evening, driving the fire to
which we referred yesterday, to the east,
and away from the line of railroad. It
appeared, also, to have been checked in
its rapid progress; but it is not expected
that it will suspend its destructive march
until the rain shall descend upon it.
We learn, further, that there is a very
destructive fire raging in the woods in th*e
vicinity of Swanton, near Lake Cham
plain and the Canada line. It had, up to
yesterday, ran along either side of the
Vermont Central Railroad track a dis
tance of more than two miles. Hundreds
of trees had burned down, falling across
the track, not only obstructing the move?
ment of the cars, but burning the cross
ties, and entirely destroying the track.—
Passengers have to be carried eight or ten
miles around the fire. Several thousand
cords of wood, belonging to the railroad
company, have been already destroyed,
and the fire was still spreading. Serious
apprehensions were felt for the safety of
Swanton village.
We are informed that two extensive
fires have been raging in the woods west
of the Falls for several days, and that 1
yesterday at ten o’clock, a fierce blaze
from each was visible from the Observa
tory; one within half a mile, and the oth
er about three quarters of a mile distant.
At noon fears were entertained that the
Observatory and boarding house near the
Falls would be destroyed. Teams and
men have been sent for to remove the fur
niture, and assist in subduing the flames.
When our informant left, the wind wa3
strong in the direction of the buildings.
From the New York Leader.
Bonnets.
We are a great student of bonnets.—
Circumstances have led us to observe
them, in fact, we hire our rooms of a
fashionable milliner. This gives us a
great advantage.
W e divide the human race into two
classes, viz: those who wear bonnets, and
those who don’t. The bonnet wearers
are our weakness. The wearing of bon
nets is the great fact of their lives. We
like them the better for it. It shows
they have heads. A woman without a
bonnet is like a cat without a tail; she
don’t know what to do with herself. —
When a ship wishes to go ahead, she puts
a bonnet on her jib. A woman does
the same. The bonnet is the capsheaf of
her glory; moreover it covers a multitude
of sins, i'o judge of female character,
Fowler feels a woman’s head; lie’s an
animal. We look at her bonnet; we are
a philosopher.
There’s always a whole row of bou
nets iu Mrs. F.’s show room. They are
mounted on sticks. The room locks as
if it had been planted with beanpoles,
and each pole had blossomed into a bon
net. Some of the poles, though, look
like Broadway belles, “in undress.” —
l'hero are all sorts of bonnets, from the
modeot straw trimmed with white, to the
,rich satin, surpassing the rainbow, the
bonnet of the sky. There are all shapes,
too, from the jaunty chaise top, thrown
back to show the whole features, to the
projecting coal hod, exhibiting the face
through a long perspective. There are
the louch me not, the Kiss me if you
dare, the Kiss me if you can, the Kiss
me if you please, etc. etc
It is our favorite speculation, as we
gaze into these empty bonnets, to imagine
who is to occupy them. So when wa
see a fine lady descend from her carriage,
and euter the tempting rooms, we take
pleasure in wondering whidh of the flaring
bean poles will first attract her attention.
We have not had time, yet, to classify
our observations; but, as soon as we have
done this, we intend to publish a work on
bonnetology, which we flatter ourselves,
will throw phrenology completely into
tne shade. We shall prove, in this work,
that the bonnet is the organ of the mind.
vVe shall show that every female faculty
from philoprogenitiveness to philoprovo
cativeness (a faculty of our own discover
ry) is represented, not by a hump, but by
a bow. IV e shall show, also, in our
analogicaljehapter, that a woman, like a
horse, is to be managed by “the ribbons,”
and that the old proverb “straws show
the way of thexvind,” had original refer
ence to straw bonnets. We shall also
establish a Bonuetian School of High
Art, and demonstrate that, although bon
nets are above the heaJs of the people,
they may be made intelligible to the low
est emprehension. p oz
B;:es. —Many suppose that the beo
culls bonev from the nectar of flowers,
aed simp'y carries it to his cell in the
hive. This is not correct. The nectar
he collects from the flower is a portion of
f his food or drink; the honey Ire deposits
in his cel! is a secreiion from his mellific
or honey secreting glands (analogous to
the milk secreting glands of the cow and
other animals.} If bees were the mere
collectors and transporters of honey 7 from
flowers to the honey comb, then we should
have the comb filled with molasses when
ever the bees fed at a molasses hogshead.
Ihe honey hag in the bee performs the
same functions as the cow’s bag or udder
merely 7 receives the honey from the se
creting glands, and retains it until a pro
per opportunity arrives for its being
posited in its appropriate store house, the
honey comb.
Another error is, that the bee collects
pollen from the flowers while in search
of honey. Quite the contrary is the fact.
When in search of nectar, or honey, as it
is improperly called, the bee does not
collect pokers. He goes in search of
pollen specially, and also for nectar.—
When the pollen of the flower is ripe, and
fit for the use of the bee, there is no nec
tar; when there is nectar, there is no pol
ler. fit for use in the flower. It is gener
ally supposed, also, that the bee con
structs the wax from which his comb is
made from vegetable substances. This
is likewise an error. The wax is a secre
tion from his body, as the honey is; and
it makes its appearance in small” scales or
flakes, under the rings (rs the belly, and
is taken thence by other bees, rendered’
plastic by mixture in the bet’s mouth,
and laid on the walls of the cell, with the
tongue, very much in the way a plasterer
uses his trowel.
“Let us put uo temptation in the path
of the young,” as the frog said when he
popped Ms head under water on seeing a
boy pick up a stone.
John Randolph once said he “expected
to live to see the time when slaves in Vir
ginia would advertise for runaway masters,
as it took all the corn to feed the hogs/
all the hogs to feed the negroes, and there
was nothing left for the planters.”
A Girl received the following written
character from a person who meant to
compliment her very highly: This is to
certify that Isabel Weir served with us
the last half year, and found her in every
respect, Credible and free of Nothing that
was any way rong.
A CoMiiAXDsa Jolly. —The Kingston
papers are falsely charging Capt. Hollins
with being drunk during that little affair
at Grey town. But we have decided infor
mation that the commander of 11. B. M.
schooner Bermuda, was “Jolly” before and
after the bombardment.
Very Flatterixg.—A lady with her
husband on the beach, enquired of him
the difference between exportation and
transportation. “Why, my dear,” replied
he, “if you were on board yonder vessel,
you would be exported, and I should be
transported.”
A gentleman meeting one of his friend*
who was insolvent, expressed great concern
for his embarrassment. “You are mista
ken, my dear sir,” was the reply, “’tis not
I, ’tis my creditors who are embarrass
ed.”
Ax other Political
chief point of discussion, at present, be
tween the two wings of the democratic
party is, whether the egg thrown at Pres
ident Pierce was “Hard’’ or “Soft ”
Asassr ov Cxrc. Hollins Captain
Hollins, of the ship Cyane, was arrested
in New York, Friday, at the instance of
those who suffered by losing property at
the bombardment of Greytown, and held
to bail for farther investigation in the sum
of $20,000. I’he affair has caused great
excitement.
A man with enormous feet was meas
ured for a pair of boots, and inquired of
the man when he would have them finish
ed? “By Wednesday, if it does notrain,”
was the reply. “If it doe3 not raiu!—
What has rain to do with the boots?”—
“ Why, do you suppose I could build a
pair of boots for your feet in the house?”
The Latest “Kxow Nothingism.”—
We have heard of a zealous “Know No
thing” acquaintance of ours who, in Ids
ardor to establish his sincerity and consis
tency beyoud all posibility of doubt, 1 as
ordered his better half to get rid ot the
family Bible, as it was written by foreign
ers who had not a particle oif gci i incf
American patriotism in their compos!
This is, in our opinion, a most
move of the new party. — V. O. ‘fif ,
Della.
No. 36.