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GEORGIA HOME JOURNAL. W. ADDISON KNOWLES, Prop I ®. VOLUME XI—NO. 4O. MIDDLE GEORGIA, THE ITALY OF THE NEW WORLD. THE LOCATION—EVENNESS OF HER TEMPERATURE—SOIL, AND ITS PRODUCTIVENESS i —THE PEOPLE, ETC. The exact locatiou of that section of the state known ns Middle Georgia may be easily obtained by tracing u direct line on the map from a point on the Savan nah river east of Elberton west to Ckrroltdd; theDce southeast to Macon; Cbence northeast to the Savannah river opt*site Appling: thence southwest up ths Savannah river tcatbe point of commencement. The territory embraced therein covers an area of fifteen thousand square, miles— about one-fourth of the to tal area of Georgia—and comprises thirty-nine coun ties. In this article it will be impossible to treat sepa rately of the different coun ties which constitute this Italy of the new world, and we shall only give (without going imto unnecessary de tail) the advantages of the climate, soil and situation of the,section as an entire ty THE CLIMATE. From ]tw peculiar situa tion the climate of Middle; Georgia can truly be claim ed to tie the moat inviting on the new Hemisphere, if, indeed, it may not well bear the palm for all the world. Just on the upper edge of it, the Apalachian chain of mountains breaks, and the invigorating breezes from the northern clime mingling with the mildnness of the south Atlantic, and tin 1 cur rents from the valley of the Mississippi, give a mean temperature not to be found elsewhere. This can he all, tha precis ted In iotereuce tot h.-f uiafr. — Bounding it on the north are the monntainona <e gions ; to the east lie the Carolinas with their war mer sea boards ; while | sooth, stretching to the At- j laotic and the Gulf are the; level lands of the seacoast, with the heat-laden winds from the tropics. These Vfff<reiit atm wphcres meet ' Middle Georgia, as if destined by nature as a common ground, aod ming ling with eacli other form a climate that can scarcely be excelled. In winter the rigor of the north is tem pered by the mild breezes of the lower zone, and vet they blend so well as to give honyauce without bit ter cold and mildness with out debilitating beat. The temperature, summer and winter, is even, there sel dom being a sudden or se vere change from heat to cold, but all the seasons mil'llv going from one to the other—the winter into spring; spring into sum mer, summer into autumn, and autumn again iuto win ter with such a gentle cita ;ge as to be almost im perceptible. The mean annual temperature is 60 to 64 degrees, in summer the thermometer seldom going over So, and in winter rarely falling below freezing point. Suow seldom tails, and then only lightly to a depth of two or three inches, and quickly melting. Ice is occasionally -seen, twit rarelv to a thickness of over half an inch, aud then only in-small places where water bits accumula ted in sinks and vessels. The freez ing of a running stream is. a thing unknown in Middle Georgia. The surface of the ground is sometimes frozen in the morning, hut before dav passes it has thawed, and the temperatureremaius mild, eveu and invigorating. From its location the surface Oi the whole of Middle Georgia gen tly slopes to the coast thus giving a most excellent drainage, and pre venting the accumulation of water into swamps, marshes or lakes. In the entire section there is not a single lake, and even the low lands are free from the fever-generating marsh. The nearest semblance to a swamp—in this territory of 15,- 000 square miles—that can be found are canebrakes, and these readilv drain and form some of the most productive of the lands. It is Dot at all strange then that •with sncb a climate and such an altitude, fevers and malaria, And chills are nncommoD diseases, and MATERIAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE SOUTH. -> H§ A -Trap of instruction presenting two leading-cotton ports of the South, at the inner and outer Villi' / '** j Tatewiara Qfr -mmigration tD that section, wfth the business addresses of donors of premiums to 4— ~ tu> 'J & CPU BIACKWELI 'S IVt DURHAM TOBACCO COMPANY, VmrnratmM unoonmu*. **.. *<*. 1 PMUI, SIOO.OO. Uh amti tS&imt §&, Cincinnati. T°' dubham, n. c. ITrankLioe ITHE1 THE CINCINNATI |l PREMIUM / SOUTHERN RAILWAY |t, SIOO.OO. fflteiwltoA. j^^Vl:i. Blue Grass Route. |[j I SIOO.OO. EOTEL, lift '^ r i‘ l; t| B W Jli # \ V?" Unlonvllie T \ M 1 , has special value to /I’l'inTYfll I tpi A *jw3 jf ; p iKiumuift; , T c'' @ r—' jf o OEI 'J“ I ' f O S /e " B,a * rf \ \ \W. \MH : ll advertisers in every l.lili I|\!\ fl 1 1 11 £1 t! mw 11 U 05 <*,{[.J*Ufayn/\ W Cail./urii'’’ nJasoer Dnhl u „esa . J AC c <> a c< Laurens \lfj ft line of business, iil UmllliU'i a 111 'Hi V I uUjr )( 1/ ******** <**•< mm^T^#** l #*'** ** -*? °ctdl&o*om * *\ S \strotherAl ,1 H addition to its large (J aMunitowi # %hH*vJk .. . „ *“B*”' 'O jof I* > t**Sßlrt wall < wSjuS** 'tj* rtln * |\ ' iu city circulation it is ■LS fib 1-; mi a /L s"*** \ <,nton ,, , L/V^ 1 *' 11 'yApbenwood \\; , taken at nearly V 1 * it every post-office in ?/ M* 0 poißSlllfe b v - R t Southern Geo W ia DDTCWinnmif W Jokaimwi " Oja*tr4*te ' v cS2* ,r /^L t CT !p b ret, ° Bu torrf I \ elberton* V-o columbiaX | and throughout the rKhMIiUM, / { ( frfim*** jUMtl*, m o<w VWfer. on u °sk. 0 adjoining State of ! /T*lvUk,L, // O nMonro \X h , EdgefieM X Elorida. *,y-v - r , W W fc Law re net V.J „Yte W WasKlngtorfe \ s x < x o '' ff m *iHn C U 5 ° kI L \ McmiNa \ oniy.competingvviLh each other, SIOO GO \ | •• ln>tt>¥Tt(rUf: Itnausv 'jlUarr-nublloation., their “‘ 1,1 “ S.OO OO CL the hetilih<rfftflteipeqflleu/f MSillille Georgia always tgeeil. ffiy nteiwon (if dteltittppy Slocdtion tiliis swtttiion avoidstfhe midlrtriaiunll wvu+uingffi-- vers df farther-Hoitth; and ttlm ipdl monarv coinplaidtsuffttlteminreniig orous (dlimtites. THE-fiOIT. VSSD TBROWtOTIOf®. The -sutffaceolf UliltlUe (Geoigim is gently undtllttiiug,.'someq*oittnins (if iitlbeioglliilKy, anil (diliersllovtll HwUbouutifui mte.itilmv Hands. TUbe soil, ffm-rihe imnfttjpnrt, iis offattiff red aniligmy-siitrsdihwiihiunuptpei- I aver f dfiduiikteaitih. Hn womeitmr tions, Ihowavor, iit(Hi ranges ttoaeaan dyUoain/orgrrtsy swill, (exedllarttffor the production-dfffvuit,igTqpas,midi meltons. The ujharmtter off tide irell ■>■oll its-sudh ass vwHlKtiuqpOHl three tto retain 1 1 riOHtture fforaalli ipgttittie ,:aull 'While tfhere iis -seldom m. .'year iin wliidh raiuiisinrtt pHeiiiffdl.ttiteiTeH lands dl ways {preserve tihegrrowing crops iin cease off llmig (coitiiiundl drought, andiprevarttramigretttllosK from lladk off train. Tlie smutty strill His -ver-v Hi ratted Uwiugoajtffirted nil most erttirtttvttetihe Hong deaf (pirn localities-ontilteHßmtihernlhoTrEar. There areffew ‘sedtimis, iffatmj, iin the "Graft h, wMiidh Gdfiar immee ast- IhnnSilese iresourcesffor ssußesrffill farming. (Corn, -oitte ;anH mllautt, tthe main-srarillcgrain{pTnlkntt,iyWill largelv. -*n average curqrp its 312 bushels c rff ccorn, TDHuWlWlsrtff owtts US' rtf wheat, Ibrttiin 'niumi instances DKV<tWhD TN> TTfrfiH GENERAL WELFARE OF THE PEOPLE <greene>bi>k\x (l;m>kgia, Friday morning, October 12, iBB3. W 1 Hire lli gib auitiMutiinn 11 as-been i us+ dl am iiuudb am one Hnntlmdl andl ttwwentfcyHjye busllHlfe off oatn- Have beam miulleflerracnrt;, aurll upwardfe; -df si Ntfc\ H a all alls off wfl an tt. 11118 0111 ! imitej, OMUplbdl width tile soil), tendfe ttDrmdt;ffurniigriin miillllb (Giongjii [flleamttandl]piofitnblhi. Bmffdllnndlj vwidhn-tile-gponnill rmtyy be sovwn in aatfe.wdlaafi.mve, bajihyy. lie. JJune tthftajnfplints ripened], lieemltnrvea tfesd, andl tiled Imdl ife madly for a omypaffsomething; ul km. (Gimoally, iff ife sowniin oonm and! peas;;; tile HttubbUn.bnwiiigbeeniplhwediundbn, auirirllasttiffilhird], andl 11 asttm ss til e growth loffthenuwvamjp Btvtiio time thff ffdll afgumooimesmiradltlia-cortni audlpeaila&vebeam gymneredl;; tile wiines andlsttilll* amoutt and! used ffmfbmaes.Qmpltovwbundbn.-.andlttia Hard! ife agaiiti ma<% forr tile;plow andl ffm tilfiß gmihi. Tins,, yean in amll .wentmitt,aumrnen and] winter, the lhwd ifeffmiiWlingr nourish ment ttnaa, growing°ropJ. Hhw climates wdllafffordtiiife;;ffew sections offer sro omdii. Time; distinctly orops cmnibe-rnadb-ibiona yean upamouo■ ipeate off llraill. @Jae acre offbradlj \wlll,byv tiiifeswsdann.ini tilis-section yieUllyesriJy ttnrmtfyy Husll elfeof oats, fifteen i off onmi andl hvantv-five of peats maiding aittitbll salbaUle crop off 352!. Tbr- aastt afftiie prodho ttinii wviuldl anttexasedi %8B) a dear ipnffti tilam off 5521 per aam. Tie? lkltdfe off Mfddlh Georgia, properly cultivated, yield largely of cotton. In the gray land, one-half offa bale to the aero is considered tile average, and there is none of tile land which will not produce a fourth bale to the acre. In some instances where thoroughly culti vated! as much as four and five balds per acre have been made and many have made as much as two on three bales per acre. Gorn grows wall on most of the Hindi in the section, and will aver age twelve bushels per acre. The river and other bottom lands pro dhee a much larger quantity, going up to forty-five bushels aud even mom. Fruit grows finely in all the coun ties of Middle Georgia, arid ripens early. There is scarcely a farmer wlio lias not an orchard which yields Him pears, apples, grapes andipeaches in abundance. Dried fruit is saleable at any time, there being a constant demand for it. Mnnv of the planters find their or chards a valuable addition to the earnings-of their farms. Sweet potatoes is one of the best paying and most prolific crop rais ed in Middle Georgia. The tuber thrives wall in the gray and even the stiff Bermuda lands. The pro dnet easily averages a hundred bushels to the acre. Like the fruit there is a demand for potatoes at all l times. Vegetables of all kiuds grow well and require but little care. Irish potatoes are a prolific crop and yield from two to three hundred bushels per acre. Many planters and others produce enough to feed ; themselves in addition to their reg ular farms. Indeed, numbers make a profit over their expenses on gar den vegetables alone. THE FAMED BEKMCDA GRASS. Middle Georgia may be called tlie home of this wonderful forage. The soil is admirably adapted to its successful growth, and this pas turage, coupled with the even tem perature of the climate, gives it ad vantages for the raisiug of stock not surpassed even by the famous blue : grass regions of Kentucky. It has been only of later years , that the great blessings of this nu tritious grass has been fully appre- j dated, aud the planters in Middle j Georgia are fast turning it to ac- j count. Asa money-making busi- j ness the raisiug and curing of Ber-! muda grass for hay, the sodding; of the earth for pasturage for stock j grazing is exceedingly profitable. 1 It has three growths yearly the first of which is gathered in May ;; second in July, aud the last in Sep-.! tember. It is abundant in each growth, as much as 6,000 pounds have been gathered from one acre at a single cutting. The grass eas ily yields 7,000 to 10.000 pounds TERMS :—s2 OO per Aiiuuni, in Ailvance. I per acre and commands as hay from fifty cents to $1.25 per hun dred or sioo to $l5O per acre. To illustrate how well it does and will pay in Middle Georgia to raise stock we will give figures. A farm of 100 acres can be purchased for $250 to SSOO. Comfortable house, stables etc, can be built for $1,200, making the cost of all $1,450 to sl,- 700. If the whole be sodded in j Bermuda grass—and to give this grass a luxuriant growth will not require more than two years even where the land has been abandon ed .and worn out—fifty acres might be allowed to grow for hay, and the other fifty acres placed in pas turage. From the first fiftv acres of hav-land, at the lowest calcula- j tion can be gathered 300,000 pounds ; of hay, which, at the lowest market j price will give $2,200. The only \ cost has been the original plowing under in the spring, the cost of ash element or other fertillizer to give the grass tone, and the cost of gath-, ering, curing and marketing. This will not be over S4OO, leaving a net profit at the yerv lowest estimate of SI,BOO. The other fifty acres will readily browse fifty head of stock. In be ginning, where one does not wish to wait the foaling of brood mares, young stock, mules for instance, two-year olds, can be purchased in Kentucky ami laid down for uot WHOLE NUMBER 040. more thau fiftv to seventy five doHarS. Fifty of then}, tlimed on the Bermuda fields,wijl fatten arid thrive, Iu two yean they are ready for the market, bring front $125 to $l5O, and find im mediate sale. The cost of rearing them, housing them and tending them, will not exceed over $25 each, leav ing on each animal a clear | profit of $5O to $75, or on fifty mules $2,500 to $4,000. On 100 acres then, in four years, tlie place, .with its improvements, (thfe cost of tlnj original stock included) ; V.s Urielj paid lor and T good sflm is left. After the first four or five years the ! profit increases. On a stock | farm of 200 acres, in Middle Georgia, it is safe , to esti* | mate that $3,000 to $5,000 ■can easily be made yearly. MAIiKET FACILITIES. All the lauds of Middle Georgia are well watered by rivers, creeks and other streams. The principal rivers are the Savannah, Broad, Oconee, Ocmulgee, Yellow and Chattahoochee, while every couuty has one or more large creeks and streams of various sizes. This section is a perfect • network of railroads and jthe productions of the soil jare easily and cheaply | transported to market. Iu jthe upper portion of Mid idle Georgia Atlanta, a city |of 50,000 inhabitants, and jthe capital of the State, is the terminal point of seven iines of railways, and has direct connection with the north, east, and west, and also with the sea const. Augusta, a'city of 35,000 {people, on the Savanuah I liver, furnishes an avail able market for the low !er portion. This is one of | the largest cotton markets in the South, and has di rect communication, by rail {and water, with the sea jport towns of Charleston aud Savannah,au&thvcujgh them With Livi ol and the other cotton'Muanufiyj* taring centres of The world. All farm productions—hay, cottou, grain, butier, poul try .fruit, melons,vegetables, etc. —can be easily dispos ed of and briDg good prices. THE PEOTLE—EDUCATION. Middle Georgia, was set tled mostly by Virginians, who recognized the advan tages of the climate and soil over their own State. They are hon orable,kind and hospitable. To deserving strangers who come among them to live' and labor they extend a warm and hearty welcome.- The educational facilities of Middle Georgia are un excelled in any portion of the South. Each county has several fine schools which give good elementa ry instruction, while within the section are several col leges for more advanced learning. Among these are Emory College, at Ox ford ; Female College, at Covington; State Universi ty and Lucy Cobb Institute at Athens; College Tem ple, Newnau; Middle Geor gia Agricultural College, at I Milledgeville, and others 1 i which give thorough practical and classical instruction. The children,; then, of all have advantages of good : schools for elementary education, and collegiate courses desir-. ed. In this article it has been impos- I sible to give more than a mere out line of the resources and attract ions of this remarkable section.— .To those who are seeking homes ! we odIj; s?ity come and see Tor yonr -1 selves. To capital is offered plen teous opportunities for safe and profitable investment. There are hundreds of acres of land, covered otily with leaves aud grass, lying out unproductive now, which need only a little care, a little labor, and a little money to make them yield thousands of "tons of bay, or mil lions of bushels of small grain. There are many streams of power and capacity which would move machinery for the manufacture of the staples w e produce. Tlie climate is all that could be asked, mild and pure ; invigorating and healthy; the markets for your products are near ; the advantages of education are all that could be desired ; the people among whom we live and labor are kind, and honorable, warm in heart and gen tle in nature. And they and .we extend to those who are seeking homes, health, happiness and wealth, the invitation to come to us.-