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torgtaa.
",.' raeusmo
ON WEDNESDAY MORNING
BY—
H. H. CARLTON & Co.,
Proprietors.
II. n. CAHIiTOX, Editor.
TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION;
fCE COPY, Or\a Year » *- ’
FIVE COPIES, One Year B 73
TEbt COPIES, One Year, 1° 00
7tie Official City Taper
Original.
Billy Maekle.
Doctor—You says I ain’t bin too
9oe you fur a long time. Well, I
knows I ain’t, fur nil this spring ami
summer it wer a rninin so much, I had
to scratch monstrus hard to keep out
nv the gras, and I ain’t bin no wliar,
til I went to Athens.
You snys I’ve bin to Athens agin ?
Wi ll, I rcckin 1 has, and I tell you, I
had powerful times thar too. You
says you wants to here about iny trip?
Well, Doctor, if youv’c jist got time
to listen. I’ll tell you nv sum nv the
niennv tilings I setd and lieerd when
I wer thar.
You see last weak wer August Cort
Athens, and I lieerd they wer a
gwine to hav a convenshnn thar then
nv the big farmers, and a rncetin uv
the Grange, and as Wednesday wer to
be the big day, I included 1’do go an
what I cood larn. Well, that
morniu T got up soon and started airly.
Thinks I to myself, I’lego into Athens
hv l’niPton Factory, and see whats
ii. w a goin on out tint way. Doctor,
i>t as soon ns I erased the river, I he-
\.’ia to see new houses, and the nier I
hot to Athens the more I seed, ami I
ti ll you, it begins to look like they wer
a ..wine to hild on that strete all the
wav to town.
As 1 w< r a ridin along, look in at the
new houses and sieli like, an a tliinkin
t . myself that I’do go to a druggery
and "it a bottle uv that Curlin tiuid I
told you about once, I seed what I
thought wer a man, a ridin’ along with
sumthin a hangin dftwn from his head
and onto his neck. Thinks I, I ain’t
never seed a Granger, and maylre
thats the sine they carry, and I’le ride
up and sec- what the things ar. Well,
1 soon cotchcd up with him, and wood
vou liclicve it, Doctor, them things a
iiangin down from his lied, weren’t
nothin hut curls, and they wer fixed
up jist like a gals. Doctor, I looked at
tho fellow, and says, says T. a good
in. ruin to you ! He turned and look
ed at me and says, good mornin to
v. 11, too !
Doctor, when I seed his face, I swnr
1 didn’t hardly knew whether lie wer
a gal or a man. His face wern’t haf
as jiurty as a gals, and the curls spiled
it for a man. Curls makes a gal look
niity purty and sweet, they du; and
it makes me feel ]>o\vcrful good when I
sit> down l>v uue, lays my arm on the
back uv the cheer and gits to sorter
p’avin with her curls; hut I tell you
they spiles a young fclh r- good looks.
After I seed this teller, 1 determined
1’de co to a Iwrrlier and git my liar and
w hi.-kers trim moil and let the curlin
fluid alone, and I did go.
look
No. 14.j
A MAP OF BUSY LIFE.
Athens, Georgia, Wednesday, Feb’y 3, 1875.
S OL
NEW SERIES—Voi.rmk III.
! LUNCH HOUSE.:
I heerd such a grateknockin, pound-
in and jobhin, I thort to myself, I
can’t go in thar, fur somebody mite
Iune.h me, and I rode on.
Doctor, while I am talkin uv sines,
I mite jest .os well tell you uv sum
others I seed. Thar’s one ni to Bussees
& Moon’s grocery hangs all sines I ever
seed, and here’s the way it is painted ;
arm
anb i ielib
=,
REST ERRANT:
AND ! 1 3,
BORDING HOPPE. ■
EXTRACTS
Prom the First Animal lleport of
the Commissioner of Agricul
ture, being for the year 1874.
OROANZATION.
On the 26th day of August last,
I was appointed Commissioner of
i Agriculture, and on the ill si day
I of the same month. I was duly
! qualified and commissioned.
On the 1st day of September. 1
I’ve alters heern the Athens fellers |‘U . * . *
war grate at rantin, but I ili(ln't4iifl« 4^ I, V,r l>11 .* H> ^ th, 1 . II. Alt’ll,
before I seed this sine, that they kept i *’*'•» ' henust; on the loth. ,T.
houses whar a feller rood jest rest er : 1 Ienly Smith, Statistician, and on
they arc not willing to make rails,
build and repair fences, dig or
clean out ditches, or make neces
sary farm improvements, which
are of a more permanent charac
ter, even for extra compensation,
frequently refitsing to do such
work at very remunerative wages ;
and very often uuwilling to com
ply with their plain contracts.
It must Imj admitted, and with
much regret, that our agriculture
is languishing generally, and that
other causes than inefficient and
uncontrolled labor have ai led in
producing this result.
The injudicious use of high-
priced fertilizers has been a fruit
ful source of loss and embnrrass-
iment; and I regard the motive
rant a- lie pleases, and when he wern’t
Join them things ho cnod he lmrdiug.
They sav that Bussee & Moon won’t
let a idler lie obstropelous in their
grocery, and 1 reck in they jist fitted it
up fur sieli fellers; hut I tell you its a
niitctv little house fur sieli doins, and
ef I ever gits on a big rant thar, no
sieli a little shebang can’t hold me,
it can’t.
Last year I lieerd they war a gwine
to hav a big inectin at Beverdain,
Oglethorpe county, and as I wanted
to see the purty gals thar, I went.
Well, about three miles from Athens
I seed a big plank, painted white, and
nailed to a tree, and rid up and seed
it war a sine, and here’s what war
painted on it:
: iVFDSTIDS A N S AVF.S
j CIIltSTS ATWIIB. j
Now, Doctor, what that last word
spells is more than I kin tell, and I
doesn’t think thar arone uv them Aggs
in the State College kin pernonnee it,
no matter how smart he nr. I’ve red
in the papers that Athens war the seat
the 22nd October, 11. II. Lough-
ridge, Geologist.
STATISTICS.
I have caused circulars to be
issued front this Department (co
pies of v.liich. numbering from 1
to S, . ■cinnpuny the Report,) for
the purpose of placing the De
partment in communication with,
and giving information to. those
who arc actively interested in Ag
riculture: and also, ot collecting
useful statistical information.—
Those containing appeals to our I
Agricultural Societies, the Gran- J
get s, and leading agriculturists of
the State, have most politely and
kindly responded to, and the
spirit evinced thereby, lias satis
fied me that the establishment of
this Department by law, lias beeu
most favorably received by the
people generally.
A decennial census, though
von* important, fails to supply
that information which public nc-
Thcsc significant facts, obtaiued ( which prompted that indiscreet
in the way lie fore named, are only ' use and abuse, as more to be de-
briefly mentioned. A full and tplured than any loss which it lias
careful digest of the responses to |vet entailed. From the slaidncss
this circular will l»e made in a! and economy, of the former time,
short time, and given to the conn- j which distinguished the tillers of
try. I consider this information j the soil, we have timed* aside,
very valuable. It comes from land hastened to be rich on ex-
tliose who know the facts where- pensive cotton, the market value
of they speak, and arc fully com- ! of which has kept constantly be-
petcut in the premises. It is the!hind the cost of production.—
verdict of a candid, intelligent
and competent jury, and fully es
tablishes the truth of the state
ments.
This representation being unde
uiablv true, exhibits an alarmim
With the incoming of this spirit,
sober, saving and persistent in
dustry, took its departure, and
with it, too often, safe profits and
solid improvements. Lands,
farm-buildings, and fixtures, have
condition of all'airs. The remedy I been neglected, and in a lamcnta-
I will not presume to suggest.— • ble number of instances, the man
It rests with the legislators of j whose surplus productions should
Georgia, representing a just, in- have fed the non-producers, has
tclligcut, humane and Christian i not made enough for himself. A
people. I consider that 1 have , vast number of our farmers are
discharged my duly in frankly consumers of (arm produce, where
presenting the facts. Facts arc j they should Im- dealers ; and have
tuhhorn things, and cannot be j relied upon sources of supply, ro-
snl'ely disregarded or ignored.— | inotc and unnatural, for tho neo-
F.vils that cannot be endured must i cssaries which their vocation is
be cured, or inevitable consc-j intended to create. The strange
qucnccs will be entailed upon the ! contradiction has been witnessed,
country. of farmers resorting to the store-
It further appears from these l houses of the city for bread and
returns, that the class of white ni at with which to sustain their
l couldn’t bar to look at a young M I by the Cori 1
tiller fixed up that way, ami 1 gin old
Ball a cut and left him.
When I cum to the street a turnin
to tlie left, 1 took it, and seed lots uv
iimv houses a long and ni it. When I
cum to the Female Institoot, I thort
Lie sec sum purty gals what goes to
■sliool thar; but I didn’t see nobody
thar that day, and I rid on till I cum
to the street a leadin down to the
North Eastern Railroad and turned
off thar.
! seed lots uv new houses towards
the railroad, and more a hildin, and it
h*'k« like they war soon a gwine. to lmv
a rite smart town thar. Doctor, 1 told
you sum timo ago, if them Athens
fellers wood jist bill that road folks
couldn’t say eny longer that Athens
war the only finished plnco in the
Smte, but that it wood commence grow-
in agin, and wood keep on a growin;
and if the Directors of that road will
jest keep a mnvin along slowly and
> >rely until they reach Rabun Gap,
y- ii novel . ed a town grow like Athens
will. Well, I jist-rode on that street
until I got about even with the end of
the railroad, and 1 thort IMe go down
and look at the place I lieerd they war
a gwine to hild thar depo, hut I tell
\ on I couldn’t git thar. Jist sich a
place fur a depo I never did see; fur
thar is a grate big gully between tho
-trect whar I was and the raleroad,
and on totlier side a big hill, too steep
far cnything to go up, and I doesn’t
think if a wnergin ever gits up thar and
is loaded, “all King George’s bosses”
can’t pull it away, they can’t. I rcckin
it must hav bin a powerful feller that
:.."oiT sieh a place fur a depo, and he
mu.-1 hav limited a long time fur it,
hut as lie did find it, maybe lie’ll hav
gumption enutf ter fix sum way fur a
waggin to git thar and back agin. I
dus hojie he will.
As I couldn’t git to the raleroad, and
wer dun look in at the new houses and
-i. li like, I started hack, and when I
r in to the mane street I turned to the
left, for I heerd that one Mister Man
ic 1 Brown kept a little caboose up that
street, nil Uivered with purtv sines and
full of sweet things. H ell, at the first
cross street, I seed a stable with sum
hies on it, and sumthin painted on
rim planks. The door war open, and
I seed it wer full of niggers. Doctor,
Athens is the only place I ever seed
folks a livin in stables, and if thar ain’t
enuffhonscs fur folks to live in, I dua
rcckin sum uv them rich fellers mite
hild more, and that it wood pay mitey
"ell to rent them.
The fust sine I seed had a big boot
minted on it, and sich a shaped boot ]
■Wer did see scr; fur the place fur the
feel run back so fur it couldn’t fit eny
bo-ly hut a long-heel nigger. Jest bc-
, this sine, these words wer {tainted
( » the stable:
of learning^ but I tell you our country | ecssity demands. We want, not
only annual returns, but they
should be had on special subjects
,oi inyc — sav jj 10 con dition of crops, etc.
tale tur > • . .. , .
—several tunes during the year.
These can be obtained only by
means of some well-devised, con
venient and reliable system. By
such a system, full information
may l»e obtained, and highly val
uable statistical tables and facts
may be prepared annually, or
oftencr, and furnished to the peo
ple at slight cost, without the ex
pense of an additional officer.
I am pleased to be able to say
that Georgia lias entered seriously
upon this work, and on a plan flip
wisest yet devised by any of the
States: and T trust she will stead
ily and vigorously extend the .
tern, till t ho people of Georgia
shall annually be placed in pos
session of every fact relating to
our material condition and inte-
fellcrs kin beat sich spellin as they hav
on ther sines
Since the Athens firemen cot to be
the champoon hoys of the
runnin “out de merchene” and climb-
in ladders, I’ve heerd that the painters
claim to lie the champcon sine painters
nv the State, hut of I war them, T
wi od larn how to make s’s and spell
better before I wood paint enny more
sines.
When I war dun lookin at the sines
on that stable, I jest rid on until I cum
to the street leadin by the ole alia.*
Cort house, and turned tip it and
looked fur that livry stable, what Hary
thort war sich an ornamint to the town;
but I tell you, when I got thar, the
ornamint wer down and the sine too,
and in its place a powerful nice -table
full uv fine horses and carridses. Jest
T looked
up and thar war my frond llnrv a
stnndin on the top step, rile whar I
fust seed him, and ns soon as he seen
me, he commenced hollerin as loud as
he cood: “Oh vis, O yis, O yls!”
persons who are hirelings, do not
render as efficient labor as the ne
groes, being less tractable as em
ployees. The majority of this
class do not appear to he thrifty,
families, and for tho provender
which was fed to their stock.
From well-considered returns
made to this Department, l think
I am fully warranted in giving the
diligent, and of steady habits, and | opinion, that more than half the
arc not accumulating property or 1 farmers in Georgia do not raise
improving their condition. i meat enough to supply their faiu-
It however clearly appears,J ilies; that fruit and poultry are
that more of this class, in proper- j generally considered unprofitable ;
lion to numbers, are acquiring that sheep raising has been large-
perfection, if the conditions of
soil and climate only were to be
considered, are almost entire
strangers to our people. The
smooth-skinned fruits, such as
nearly every variety of luscious
plums and cherries, as well as the
apricot and nectarine, arc hope
lessly abandoned, because of the
unsparing ravages of the eurculio
The apple, which grows and ma
tures almost everywhere out ot
tlui sweep of the sea-breezes, is
year by year becoming more un
certain, l>ccause of the depreda
tions of its insect enemies. The
same may be said of the peach.—
When it is considered what a
cheap and exquisite luxury our] far better result:
people are deprived of when a j increase : hut w
crop ot fruit is lost: when wo re
member what an immense saving
as a 'substitute for grosser food
which a fruit crop insures, we
can in some sort estimate what
we are annually losing in our pro-j till result ol
ductile wealth and comforts, by \ Holla
insatiable insects. ]
Wo have strangely neglected!
th(> study of Entomology. Ourj
best informed classes are almost I
entirely ignorant of the habits and 1
nature of these formidable cne-l
inies to the success ofoiir fruit j
garden and field culture. The
great losses sustained by the rav - •
ages of insects, is increasing year |
by year, and it has reached a!
stage where defensive measures |
will soon bo forced upon ns; yot.J
but little lias been accomplished!
or even attempted by us, in this
most important field of investiga
tion.
It is not extravagant to say
that we have sullered losses in a
single year, from the frightful
ravages of the cotton caterpillar,
sufficient to pay the expenses of
property and elevating their
standard to comfort, than among
the negroes. There are excep
tions in both classes.
It is an important fact, and
worthy of special consideration,
that where the white man owns
his land and works it altogether
by h
fami
ly abandoned for a number of
years past, and that very few com
paratively, are raising horses and
mules.
This must all be changed, if we
would l»e prosperous. Sensible
farming, the creative interest of
the State, should not only furnish
own lalwir, and that of his jail needed supplies for both pro
lie is very generally real- j ducers and non-producers, but a
encouraging sheep-husbandry, is
the. subject of” infinite jest.’*
fertilizers.
The law creating this depart
ment, 1 >ouring upon tho subject of
fertilization, is very significant.
It would be difficult to exaggerate
the importance of increase of
yield in crops, by any real in-
provement in the moth.ul of en
riching our arable lands.
It may be safely estimated that
any manurial agent of merit
would increase the yield of our
staple crops at least one-fourth.
Most of our fanners who use
properly compound. J and judi
ciously applied fertilizers, realize
than one-fourth
will suppose on
ly this is realized from a fairly
good fertilizer. The value ofthis
increase, confining it to our three
leading crops —corn, wheat and
cotton—would reach the wonder-
t/iirleen mill ions uj
and a corresponding in
crease in all our crops would not
probably be less than eighteen
millions a year!
IneahatlalJ -good will result to
our beloved Slate, fr.iin a sue-
cessful elfort in compounding
cheaper home-made fertilizers.
It will add millions to our year y
productions, secured at a won
derfully less expense, anil would,
in a great measure, solve that
most perplexing of all on:* domes
tic problems—the labor question.
It would so encourage and insure
the tillers of the soil, tii.it thou
sands of young men in Georgia,
who have been driven bv discour
agements out of the field, or who
have been deterred from entering
it, would adopt agriculture as
their pursuit, and send the waning
fortunes of our State forward with
fl«l|eiast Georgian
PUBLICATION OFFICE:
Ab. 7, G'ftAAATP pan,
(Up-Slairs,)
ATHENS, GEORGIA.
Itutcs of Advertising l
Tr.-uident »dverii^.''mcnl»,ofonc»<iu»rt or more,
St Ot) per square for the first Insertion, and 75 cent*
for each nilisfquenl Insertion.
119. All advertisements considered transient,
except wlicre special con t met $ an* made.
Twelve line* spneo cf this type («»r one Inch)
make one aqua re.
t>t)' For contract prices, schedule.
Business & Profes’n’l Cards.
Asa M. .I acksux. .
. I,. \V. Thomas,
JACKSON & THOMAS
Attorneys at Law
.1 them, Georgia.
P o K.r r.*f.TvfK*e l*y «pe«-ial i**r*i
• i,. W. Thowrts refuovj i.% Will*
nU’don
la.
II. 4Un«en*.
l*« c 16 ll.
AOr.B, EltWIN it com?
'Warnet s at Lute,
ATHENS, I*A.
ice. in tl*o Deuprec HniMIng.
K, LITTER,
Attorney at fnur,
e\KN!.SVlI.I.K, «i.Y.
OS HORN.
c
W
J° ,IX
Attorncy-ftt-Iaiw,
F.LBF.RTON, GA.
of tl.o Northern
J.
S. DORTCH,
Attorney ((/ /.ate
E. A. WILL!AHSON,
i*ii ac ric.vi.
WATCHMAKER and JEWELLER
I’.r.oAD stuekr..
nttf More,
ATHENS, CIA.
«u|*erior ln.mner, und
n. jnn;»tf
WILEY CHILDERS,
i OCATKD in this city, is prejiared
J to Ho all kinds of <*ar|<cnt«tV IVotk in the
h1\1«*. and :»t r«*a*oi«nhl<> w it h dU|mtch.
Shop to tin* rr.it . j the City Ueik'a (.MHco.
,1 u
is;».
civil list for ten years. If! a bound.
there is any reasonable
discovering means of
hope of
[•lief, the
T\SI>F.<’TtOV OF FEKTtf.IZF.ltS.
r l’he law on the inspection of
State could not employ her tal- fertilizers, as it exists, is eompre-
ents and treasure to better pur-1 hensive and stringent, and the
Thinks I, ole feller, I ain’t pot time to rests. The present system is, in
stop now and se what you ar a yessin
about, but I’ll sc you before I go out uv
town, ami git yon to show me around
agin, I will, and I jist rid on.
Doctor, Sam Sikes says he found
the word alias in a dicsliunery, and that
it means “second writ,” and he says
he’d be durned cf he war one uv them
Athens fellers, cf he wood hav ennv
sich a Cort house, ef lie couldn’t pit a
fust writ Cort house, he wouldn’t hav
ennv; he wouldn’t play second fiddle
ter \Vatkinsvillle, nor no other sich a.
little one hoss town I reckin Sam is
about rite, and I dus think ef them
Atlens fellers ar too poor or too stingy
to hild a good, fust writ Cort house,
they had better move back ter Wat-
kinsville, whar they can hav one.
“I’m Not Afraid!”
Tile air was full of blood and flame,
When riding down to Orleans came
A troopoi bold, with heart of ice.
Whose banner bore this strange device—
‘•I’m not afraid.”
His brow was lil.aek, bis eye liencntli
Burned like the cigar ’twlxt Ids teeth,
And like exploding boilers rung
Stentorian accents from his tongue,
“I'm not afraid.”
Don’t, cried the maid in wild despair;
Don’t look so savage or you’ll scare
Tho gentle children all to death.
He only growled with bated breath,
‘Tin not afraid.”
Don’t try it on, an old man said.
If brains you've li ft within your head ;
He paused in doubt, and lu-nved a sigh,
Put thumb to nose and winked his eye,
“I’m not afraid.”
Beware the phantom White League rage;
Beware the Banditti savage.
Full five fee* two he upward rose.
Then said and blew his martial nose,
“I'm not afraid.”
Now roomed in the St Charles Hotel,
ne each five minutes rings the bell,
And as the servant opes the door,
Growls out the dread words o’er and o'er.
“I'm not afraid.”
[JV. 0. Times.
•SHOO SHOP.;
A hangin below it wer another, all
except at the bottom:
i CAKES) BEER, '<fco.”:
. Bv the side of this sino I seed a little
jest the size nv one small pain
uv gia a g > a ja,- uv ghoogar candy a set-
,n . ,ide «v it, and I thort rde atop
lb,ti 8 u * um ' I rid by ter hitch old
*l ut “ »oon as I passed it, l seed
“ted on the other side;
—Whether you work for lame
for love, for money or for any
thing cl.so, work with your hands
heart and brain. Say, * I will!’
and some day, you will conquer
Never let any man have it to say
’I have dragged you up.’ Too
many friends hurt a man more
than none at all.
my judgment, the best that can
bo devised, but there are some
defects in its details which can lie
easily remedied.
LABOR SYSTEM, F.TC.
Tho idea 1ms obtained among
many of our most judicious and
woll-intormed farmers and plan
ters, that negro labor in Georgia
is not adding to our values, and is
really, not self-sustaining.
This apprehension, if well found
ed, is alarming, and calls for tho
most serious consideration and
wise action. It is a matter of mo
mentous importance. The mate
rial consequences are of such mag
nitude, that I am reluctant to ex
press any opinion; hut the obliga
tions of official duty demand that
1 should give the facts in my pos-
cssion, that the country may
have them for what they arc worth.
To the question : ’ What is the
number of colored persons on
•our lands ; how many are work
ers, and how many are non-work-
rs of the farm?’ tho responses
show that more than half of our
ural negro population are non-
lo.kcrs. These consumers ap
pear to be made up of nearly all
the negro women, the girls ap
proaching womanhood, and the
younger members of tho family.
These must find subsistence in
some way, and I fear that way is
too plainly indicated in the state
ments of fruits, poultry and hog
raising, given in the responses.—
It certainly makes a discouraging
exhibit for a class of people, ex
clusively agricultural in their
habits, training and dependence.
In all parts of the State where
the farm is depended upon for the
support of the family, where it is
owned by the white people who
cultivate their lands with tlicir
izing lien fit. and often very large
profits, and rapidly requiring
wealth.
A deplorable shortness of pro
vision crops throughout the State,
marks the agriculture of our peo
ple, where cotton is largely de
pended on, and negro labor to
in-plus for the markets of th<
country. This remarkable rever
sal of the laws of trade and thrift,
and the ignoring of the dictates of
common sense, if persisted in,
will surely break down the agri-
cult urn of tlie State, and with it,
the tax-paying power, and the
produce it. The returns to this j hopes of the people.
Department, show that a majori
ty of the negroes of Georgia en
gaged in tillage, are renters or
croppers on shares. While, in a
Great numbers of fanners are
seriously embarrassed with debt
and a laek of resources, and the
mortifying fact must be stated.
few instances, the proprietors of that this unfortunate condition ox-
the lands thus occupied, contract! j<ts at a time when every product
for the control and direction of \ of the farm commands enormously
the tillage of the lands, and to | high prices.
dictate the methods of culture ; | The case is still worse, because
still, it is believed that in a very .the farmers arc in debt for ne.ccs-
large number of instances, the ne- ! sary supplies—for bread and meat
gro lesee does as he pleases, and , and forage—the very articles
is tho irrespons”4 manager.— I which the farm ought to produce
Wherever this is the case, pro- j abundantly.
vision crops are scant, and each j Too nrnnv have bought provis-
and every agricultural process is j ions and fertilizers on time, giv-
sloven and unrcmunerativc.
The system of renting lands to
groes, or cropping with them
ing a lion on the coming crop of
cotton, out of which they expect
ed to realize enough to pay debts,
on shares, in most eases, does not buy provisions, and have a hand-
pay, and unless it is changed or ■ some surplus. Instead of this,
modified, will surely result in a the cotton has not paid the cost
decline in the value of our lands,' (> f raising it, and many are unable
and a stead}' decrease in our an- ! to pay even crop liens, and the
nual crop returns. The wages; embarrassed farmer is without
system, with proper oversight, is i money, without supplies, and
certainly the most remunerative j without credit. Such is the de-
tothc land holder and the laborer, ] plot-able condition of largo mun-
and the wealth of the country will bets whose vocation should render
most surely be increased by adopt- j them independent,
ing it generally. | The testimony on all sides is,
I have dwelt at length upon the ; that it has been brought about by
question of labor, because it uu- I making cotton, and failing to
deilies all our industrial interests, make corn, and wheat, and meat,
and to be effective, it must be and forage. It was expected that
own labor, out-door work is not
disdained by the adult females,
nor arc tho children exempt from
their proper sharo of labor. But
it really seems that iu Georgia,
field lalior is regarded by the col-
wiselv directed and controlled
GENERAL FARM ECONOMY.
A great deal of our depression
and want of success, is to be at
tributed to mistaken management
in tho conduct of our husbandry
generally. As an example : What
can be more ill-advised, or more
certain to entail loss and final de
cay iu all our agricultural invest
ments and interests, than a sys
tem of fanning which ignores all
restoring and improving process
es? Nothing is more self-evident
than the fact, that if the elements
of fertility incorporated in the
crop removed, are not returned
to the land, that land is doomed
ored population, as degrading to j to inevitable sterility. It is hard
cotton would bring enough to buy
supplies and save money ; but for
the hist three or four years, it has
cost more to raise it than was re
alized for it in market.
The policy would not have
been good, even if the expected
high price had been realized ; but
actual results have disappointed
expectation, and farmers have re
sorted to the equally ruinous poli
cy of going in debt—not for lands
or permanent improvements, hut
for what they consume.
entomology.
The diseases which affect our
orchard, garden and field crops,
and the insects which prey upon
pose than in seekinir remedial
measures. It would pay the
State in wonderful savings, if an
expert should he kept constantly
at work, investigating (he habits
of these insects and experiment
ing on tho means of their extirpa
tion.
SIIF.EP-HUSBAXDRY.
The neglect of sheep raising
rJioidd be regarded as among the
most serious drawbacks t.» our
prosperity.
The information furnished this
department iu response to the in
quiry : " Do you keep sheep ; is
it profitable; what per cent,
upon investment does it pay?”
shows very forcibly the sad state
of neglect into which this most
important branch of husbandry
has fallen, as well as the large
profits which it pays when prop
erly eared for.
England, having an area not
twice the size of Georgia, main
tains thirty millions of sheep.
The very turnips which are raised
to feed the sheep, exceed in value,
in the county of Norfolk alone,
the whole cotton crop of Georgia.
By the help of this animal the
kingdom is enabled to raise on its
own soil not less than six hundred
millions of bushels of small grain
annually.
We have in Georgia about four
hundred thousand head of sheep—
only double the number which a
single county in Ohio has; and
this strange neglect ot a wonder
ful resource is persisted iu, when
in many sections of our State,
men of largo experience and
sound judgment, assert that a
pound of wool cau be produced as
cheaply as a pound of cotton.
From practical tests we know
that turnips, which seem to be a
food particularly adapted to the
raising and fattening of sheep, can
he produced at a cost of four cents
per bushel. In my opinion, it
may be safely said that sheep-hus
bandry would pay well in many
sections of Georgia, if never a
M. V. GURLEY,
,v t K<; t:o. v v>F. yxis r,
r MAKES pleasure in nniinunciiiK t°
L ilia citii«-n»»l' Frjnklin mi-1 ;m.l a.ynininc
•c- l. ■’ll"
tq»:in*«l D
v - Uv*.
vely no ii
Athena
ill**, where he is
aM Its Hitlerent
time.*, hut
fCtlV-if
public interests require that they
should be rigidly enforced. No
efforts shall be spared on my part
to secure to our people the full
protection from imposition and
frauds, which the law is intended
to guarantee.
CONCLUSION.
In concluding this report,
which is necessarily imperfect,
because of the cursory manner in
which I have been compelled to
discuss the subjects embraced, and
because of the slan t time the de
partment has been in existence, I
would say that the future is not
without hope. Our people,
amidst stupendous and crushing
afflictions, have evinced a most
creditable degree of patience,
resolution and energy. Our
troubles have been singularly try
ing in their variety, nature and
force ; and though they have pro
duced much discouragement, our
people are not desponding. With
increased energy, they are putting
forth renewed laborious endeav
ors. Experience has demonstra
ted that many of our efforts have
been misguided ; and I trust that
our oast adherence to old habits
will be, in some measure, modi
fied. and that a new direction will
be given to our subverted labor
system.
With a few years more of stren
uous exertion : with the pm tiec
of a just economy and the bless
ings of Providence, we hope to
see Georgia r< 1 to her for-
met wealth and prosperity, and
advanced to a point she never yet
attained, in many things which
constitute a noble people and a
powerful commonwealth.
Very respectfully.
Your obedient servant,
Tiiomas l\ Janes,
Commissioner of Agriculture.
(JEO. W. COOI’Ell,
Oarritigo and liuggy
Th'HMAH Str*M*t, itppoftlle Cuw|mt** Liter) Stable.
PARTICULAR attention given to
L. i:i;K \IU jobs. *ird»*r*len with A. A. Ilell,
7Y.
A. WINN,
WITH—
U HOOVER, STUBBS & CO.
Cotton Factors,
- \.Nl>
jenatal Commission Merchants
Savannah. da.
Hikin', Tie*. U«M“*. »n*l other rftt|.plie*> f*ir-
iiblKMl. A !*•». I .i He ml Cn>»i .\»lYinre< m.fle on
iMiKiguiucn’H for Male 01 hhipmeii* to Liver imol
Sort hern port*. inv.'KMf
TO RENT,
17M10M 1st October, 1ST 1. to Dec’r
L* a-i, is:.'.,
Tur. Rust Business Stand,
,11.1 ins! armne.*>l Si..re ill Attlrm.
July lit Apply lu E. I*. DLSIIOr.
Look Out for Fine Beef.
W ll. DEMO RE. Agent, respect-
fully inform** the of Athens »n«l
th.it lie h:
.. l urk. Muli.i
* < Upied hy Ml
.pktn's a lure,
nliwl r
mi till f.»r tl»«* -ulo of
, l..iiuh, .*t .hi *h«*p t«*rmer-
Sefirveiiell. in the rear of Ii. J.
ti.lne.tr tlie En^'ue House; all
•ii a.
i.l * i
ul m.
ftheett). Hi
rill hA
will
A u 1ST I —II.
W. U. I) EMU HE.
livery, Feed and Sale Stable,
atx-iens, o /v.
AXb' Jv; llK.VVi:s....l’IU>PMBTORS
niEHt
i Id Inc,
\\riLLBK FOUND AT
YV . ll-laii! r. ar Fnnkiiu lion
J )).>itiTjs sti«•«>*.. arep alwityMiu hatul good Tarn-
“ Wiiat I Know, I Know,” said
the "rent surgeon Mageiulie. “Give
me stubborn facts: I care not for
theories.” This is sound doctrine.
Pos-iblv a medical martinet might U*
able, iu a plausible way, to show why
fleece was clipped, nor a pound of j i) !s . Wai.kkr’s Vin*:<;ar Bu rra
mutton consumed. Well has it j nughi not to cure Indigestion, Head-
been said that the " sheep’s hoof is | aciie. Nervousness, Liver Complaint,
tipped with gold,” for wherever it I Muscular Discus, and Miam.at.o
ranges the soil is blessed with re
stored fertility.
Fevers; lmt as they do in every m»
stance effect that object, his fine theory
, would be a waste of words. As Ata-
Thc pound of wool which might | gculic said, the world demands facts,
’ ’ * l - 1 '■*' not speculative opinions.
—A Missourian who alteqded
J irayer-mecting with bis daughter, „—, . —
bit compelled to rise ' up and ro- they still further show, with most
mark: 1 1 want to be good aad remarkable unanimity, that negro
;o to Heaven, but if those fellows
don’t stop winking at Mary, there
will lie a good deal of prancing
around hero the fust thing they
know!’
them, are. blasting the rewards of
negro women and their younger j to fend off this deplorable result, labor to an incalculable extent.—
children, even though that lalior i even where the l>o.st appliances of! j t certain, that the cotton cater-
is bestowed upon their own crops.' science and the aids of the most i piRnv inflicts a loss upon the State
And they further show that the j judicious methods of culture are 0 f Georgia, in some seasons, to
average time engaged, of those I adopted. the amount of millious of dollars,
who do work, is about four and a! What hope is there tor the soil
half days in the week ; that the j of Georgia, where it is abandoned
average effectiveness and value of ito the mercy of an iguorancc and
this labor, compared with that of; porverscucss that no appeals of
1860, is about 60 per ceut.; and j present interest, or solicitude for
future* can reach or alarm? If
the improvident' and unconcerned
negro is to control the agriculture
of the State, which he .does, virt u-
y for tho year of his lease, then
labor is not self-sustaining, and
not adding to the snbetantial and
permanent values of the State:
ally
The general testimony is, that is the cud certainly near
The insect which produces the
blight in grapes, has drivon one
of the most promising varieties
ever introduced into tho State,
almost entirely out of cultivation,
after many thousands of dollars
had been spent by enterprising
<Jt.ire.ns 1 in its nronatration and
displace the pound of cotton,
meaus cheap and delicious meat,
thousands of acres rescued from
repulsive sterility, and millions of
Tin: Lenten Season.—I<ont will
bcitiu this year on the 10th of Fehru-
n ii .• f l n*.;,. arv, much earlier than it has done
dollars realized from wool—a fair , ^ 18r , 9 TIli , wiU bring the high
rival of the snowy fibre of. our f e5 |j va | 0 f Jester this year on the 28th
wasted fields, which has so misled t ^f arc ii f which is within six days of
and bewildered the judgment ofj ihc Earliest period iq>on which it can
our peoplo. • I veuture to say that 1 ever possibly occur. On some years
in the economic history of a work-1 Easter tails as lute as tlie 25th Jay of
ill" people, no such grand oppor- I April. Sonic years there are as many
tunity as sheep-husbandrv offers, »* Sundays betweenMvp.pl.any am!
has been so ignored and ueg- A .sh W ednesday, but thw year there
u 7 , e ° i will only he five Sundays intervening
lected, and for stic.li niadoq . '; |>etweeu the jubilee of Epiphany and
reasons, as have obtained with us. j gyjpmj, teu-st of Lent.
Because a worthless cur (whose | ——
owner is often as little worth) will; ...Paris, it is estimated, contains
kill a sheep, and liecause tho j one hundred and twenty thousand wo-
sheep will not thrive on neglect,! men, who are dependent upon their
the State of Georgia is presented t needle for support The highest rate
i e wnrld .ii 1 of pay, is about twenty-nine cents per
before the agricultural “ j daj; whfie theaveragi pay, when ful-
having otily four hundred 1 . employed, is not over twentv-fonr
sand of these valuable animals. j ^ n(fl for twp]ve
FALL I WINTER
MiLLIHER'f GOODS.
!;•!. T. A. ADAMS would most
R^. T. A.
-IfullV I
• ijtr
in*l ••|*o:t »n■-«
1 all ;i'i«l Win
fu j*art tl*« la
rut lliv Lulie* of A then*
, iliut -Im* La** tuitr rcttD*
»:r • at»*l milcft as-ortm«»l
MilU’.ury l*«***«U, emu-
?il\ Ich ait<1 of
HATS, BOHNETS,
'/,'/•///>’CA T A', fj.-i CJiS,
Flowers, Cliovos,
il soil nt r.*as‘»La«>l*t |»* ice*.
4#l»o hnr
•re on Brood
at Bank. ..rll»-lf.
citizens in its propagation
culture- Some of the most de-J This will, perhaps, remain a hn-
jurable tmd valuable fruits which miliating feature of our census ta- j • Y nis
would grow here in the fullest I hies, as long us a protective law, change it.
Y man who has no mind will uot
J. YV- COLLINS
lla.** now |.i Store a Full Stock of
stsw cooss,
KL'ITaBLR FOB THE
SPUING AND SUMMER
TltA TSJ&JES,
Ccntidinj, in jsirt, of , j
DIIY GOODS
€R$€£iltES
HATS, SHOES & NOTIONS
Of All Kind*, which he offer!
CHEAP FOR CASH
Or in Exchange for Country Produce,
f ir Thu market |>ri«* r»W ln«*»bM
cotton •*
CoUNTT.t—
f A EORGIA—-Habt
Ut Whrrra-. .lofrpti P. Bower*. Mmininniw
of u.e i-’Uii' o< l->iy lV>B-ci>,lat« nf uid ciinty ae-
rrti«Kl, peliUi.ns for a Tincha-ge from a ralnial*S*
linn: Thrn-ft.re.all prnwoaooaeersaAapsBeaMV
ruoiiire.l lo »!>ow "*u«« why said adwdatmiraU,
shm.1.1 imt, at the mruUr term at the roar* dfOr*
dinary of raid county, W *r h«ld oe the firoGfoa-
.lny i.i Fehruarv ..rat, bediwharfod from nld«d-
B>ii»alr..tinn. Given under in) hand thu 2Sth day
of October, 1.’74.
F. C. STtritENSON, Ord'y.
