Newspaper Page Text
I HE CARROLL COUNTY TIMES.
VOL. XIV.
The Cotton-Gin; its Invention an/
Effects. J
M hitney wtu a native of one of
the “three Celestial empire*,” as
Ed w aid Eggleston humorously
• classifies China, Virginia, Massa
chusetts. . having been born at
We°tboroiigh, Massachusetts, De
cember 8, 1765.
His early childXood probably
varied little from die average, but
ere he had reached his teens he
developed a most remarkable me
chanical genius, and, to young Eli.
in preference to the village cabinet
maker, were carried the wrecked
toy* of his companions, which be
mended and improved with great
good nature. His own playthings
were never found in a-slovenly or
broken state, and, Aside from Ids
inventions in that direction, his
skill in repairing enabled him to
yearly add to his store; and so.
with the largest collection of toys
in his community, we may fairly
infer that Eli was quite popular
with the small fry!
Ab he grew older, his talent, and
invention took a more practical
turn. He was especially devoted
to the manufacture and repair of
violins and other musical instill
ments. But his precocity was even
poorly appreciated by his parents;
and the father, who one day pet-!
ulantly remarked that he feared
his boy “would never be fit for any
thing but making fiddles,” little
dreamed that the mechanical apti
tude he thus ridiculed would one
day revolutionize the industrial
world.
Principally.by the manufacture
of the derided fiddle, but partly !
also by that mainstay of the talent-'
cd and impecunious, teaching, Eli
managed to work his way through
Yale, from whence he graduated!
in 1792, at the age of twenty-six.—
He was immediately offered a pos- '
ition as tutor in a private family
resident at Savannah- Although
he started immediately for his.
field of labor, those were not the
days of palace steamers and exm'- ' '
trains, ana transit was any thing i
but rapid; so. upon arriving at hie j
destination, he ascertained that his
employers had become impatieiF I
at his delay, and had installed an
other in his place.
His perplexity was great. Far
from home, in a strange land, with
out friends, position was becoming
serious, when, by good hick or the .
rulings of providence, he formed '
the acquaintance of Mrs. Greene.
By her he was offered a temporary
home while he undertook the study
of the law.
But Chitty and Blackstone wore ,
not tor Whitney. lie had hardly ,
domiciled himself at Mulbcriy
Grove before Mrs. Greene happen
ed to break a peculiarly shaped
needle used in crocheting or in
some similar species of emproidery
or fancy work. As the instrument
was of foicign manufacture it could
not readily be replaced. Whitney
asked to see it, and in a short while,
greatly to Mrs. Greene’s astonish
ment, produced an exact counter*'
part. Oilier contrivances followed,
all of more or less importance in
her household economy, until her
faith in the mechanical powers of
the young “celestial” “became as
unbounded as we have f eon.
Whitnev, before commencing
- 7 .1
work, had but the vaguest idea of |
what was required. Ho had!
nevei even seen either seed-cotton
or rhe growing plant. But rather,
than disappoint bis kindly hostess,
upon her i eqnest, though with lit-;
tie hope of suecess, he undertook
Lie task.
Next day he started out on foot
to Savannah, to procure, if possi
ble, some seed-cotton. As this
was early m the summer, it was
difficult to find any, but he finally
succeeded in obtaining a little ieft
over from the previous year. His
; was to examine the “rol
ler *gin” used for stjadsland cotton,
*fid for this purpose a neighbor
ing plantation Whs vished that of
Mr. Phineas Miller. As V\ hitne*
watched the revolution of the dou
ble rollers, seizing the long Miken
fiber and tearing it away from the
yOeed with the vjselike grasp ,f
; their grooved perimeter, the ins i
i ration flashed through hi* mini.
* Why not, for the shorter lint . f
nthe upland cotton, stud the
surface of the rollers with wire
1 prongs, that moving between the
• bars of a grating holding the seed
cotton, would catch the line upon
’their points and tear it. from the
seed, leaving the detached seed, too
! i large to pass between the bars of
the grating, to slide by their own
gravity down to a point'where the
j wires flared and were farther apart
to admit the seed falling
All that was necessaiy was to al
low a wider space between the rol
lers.
Back he went, under the full im
pression that he bad solved the
problem. Into Savannah again for
wire and tools. But t<» his astonish
ment he discovered that neither the
kind of wire nor the tools he wanted
could be purchased in the little city-
Undismayed, he returned home and
secured from Mrs. Greene, for a
workshop and forge, the antiquated
log cabin in which wo found him at
the beginning of this sketek. There
he made ready to fashion, with such
rough tools as he could command,
the pecu iar ones he needed for his
I purpose, and devoted day after day
| to the laborious task of hammering
out his rods of iron, heating them
in his primitive furnace, and little
by little drawing them out into wire.
M hen at last tools and material
were prepared and he was ready to
begin the construction of his mas
chine, the startling intelligence was
conveyed to him, that in upper
Georgia, one Joseph Watkins had
already a gin for upland cotton in
successful operation. He was
thunders.ruck ! And well he might
be And so to-day will be many
another who learns that Eli Whit
ney, while none the less the legit
imate inventor of the cotton-gin,
as he iiad already developed indo
pouHmitlv in his m’Ad it* - T (
features,"ami undoubtedly
its improver and introducer, was
neither its first inventor, construct
or, nor operator. Truth is inevita
ble and relentless; and, while the
position of an iconoclast, is unenvi
able, history must be preserved. —
All that is nere slated regarding
Joseph Watkins, can, upon demand,
be thoroughly substantiated. The
fact that the planters of the sea
board were altogether unaeqamted
with the existence of the gin at the
time of the application to Whitney
may be easily accounted for by ta
king into consideration the isolated
location of Mr. Watkins, his gicat
~ )
distance from the coast, and the
difficulty of communication at that
time.
Moreover, Whitney is not in the
least degree robbed of his well
earned laurels. For he is the true
inventor who succeeds in impress
ing his invention upon civilization;
and did we measure by abstrac
tions, insomuch as “there is nothing
new under the sun,” there could
exist no absolute and original in
ventions whatever.
But in connection with Mr.
Watkins, it may not be amiss to
recall the fact that three of the
most important innovations of tne
a g e —the cotton-gin, the steam
boat, and the sewing-machine —
were originally the inventions of
native Georgians, and neither of j
them for their pains reaped ever ;
j any thing, either in the way ■ 1
; honor or emolument.
It is probablv well know n tuat .
' some fiftee n years before he Oiei
i moot paddled up the Hudson, Mr.
Longstreet, Grandfat I er of Gene
ral James Longstreet, had a steam
boat in operation on the Savannah
river, near Augusta, using it for
some time as a ferry boat to trans
port both freight and passengers.
Not quite so well known, per
haps, but equally true is the inven
tion of the sewing-machine by the ;
Reverend Mr. Goulding. As he
was t; king his machine to Augus
ta in mi open buggy, an unlucky
accident overturned it in a creek,
where it by for a considerable pe
riod before it was fished up. In
the meanwhile Howe had taken
•
CARROLLTON. GEORGIA, FRIDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 1, 1885.
F out a patent based upon the sug
gestions of Mr. Goulding’s ma-
• chine, though Mr. Gonlding him
• self frankly admits Hiat Howe had
’ so greatly improved, upon the orig.
ma! machine as to'be morally as
‘ wed as legally entitled to the pat
ent. * »*.' •
If to the.-e inventions we add
the discovery of anseslliesia, and its
first application in surgery, by Dr.
Crawford Long, of Athens, whose
etatuc Georgia voted to place be
side Oglethorpe’s as a contribution
to the rotunda of the National Cap
-1T"I, a list is made out of which
any State might well be proud.-
Hugh N. Starnes in Southern Biv*
onac lor December.
A Cure ior Consumption.
1 he roHowingcommnnication ap'
peared lately in , {he Journal of
Austrian Apothecaries at Vienna:—
"I am, the owner and overseer of
an ultramarine factory, which I
have been running these forty years
on a plap of my own. In tins sac
tory a vast amount of sulphur is
daily used .and consumed, whereby
a large quantity of sulphuric acid
(S. O. 2) is constantly produced.
During all these years not one of
my workmen has contracted con
sumption or died of that disease.
Even those who came tainted with
the disease became healthy and
strong after working merely a few
weeks amid the vapors of the sul
phurous acid. In like manner no
cas# of cholera ever occurred among
my employees. Ju fact, all diseases
produced by microscopic animalcu
la soon disappeared in my factory
when exposed to action of sulphur.
It is a well established fact that all '
catarrhal affections are soon cured i
by simply inhaling sulphurous acid. '
The acid kills the parasites that
have entered and caused the inffa
mation, whereupon the pituitous i
glands are opened and the phlegm
is expelled without diticulty. In
the same vjiy,tb« li- ** 1
.».<r-rrcu by rile action of
the same acid.
“ The discovery of bacteria in die
-
lungs of consumptives prove that I
consumption, like the itch, is caused
by microscopic animalcula, which
infest and >-<msume the lungs. As
the origin of both diseases is anal
ogous, the remedy for each is nat
urally the same—namely the action
of sulphurous acid, which destroys i
the bacteria of the lungs as well as !
the mites of the itch.
“The treatment of consumptives
should, therefore be the following :
—Bring the patient to a room
wherein small quantities of sulphur
(about one or two drachms) are
burned every hour on a warm stove
or over a light flame. The inhal
ing of the sulphur vapor will oon
effect, the comfort of the parasites
or bacteria in the lungs. As a con
sequence, the patient will cough
oftener and expectorate copiously.
After eight to twelve days the ir->
citation and expectoration will en
tirely cease, because the bacteria
will die off gra lually. Thus the
irritation on the lungs, membranes
and serous fluids is effectually
stopped, and the patient is put on
the way vs complete recovery. As
terwar Is it is well to remove the
patient to a place where he can in
hale the vapors of aromatic water.
My only wish is that my observa
tions and experiences of many years
m ,y be ma le known, and that this
often tried, and always successful
remedy muv benefit suffering hn
manity.” Julius Kirchbr.
PRINCIPLES OF CHRISTIAN
GIVING
Giving, in the bread uf
the re’ in, is certainly one of the
■ tnwt important of all religious du-
I ties. It squarely antagonizes the
native selfishness which is one of
i the roots of sin. It severely te>ts
the religious man's love of his
■ neighbor, to see whether this can
j overcome the intense natural love
of propertv. Accordingly, we are
not surprised at John the Baptist’s
answer, to the multitudes when i
they a-ked, “What, then, must
jwed' ?" His subsequent replies to
■ publicans and soldiers arc sharplv
jspecific, and help us to understand
tiiit this reply’ to the multitudes
" is s Iso intended to be specific.—
Ji r does not undertake to
Isi de all the duties which
wi|j give proof of repentance, but
present one that forms a char?c
tciLic and discriminating test:—
“ '-c that hath two coats, let him
1 i'njfct to hi m f| )a t j lat ;, 11() . le . ~,,,1
s he Tpt bath food, let bim <‘o like—
■ (Luke iti. 11). To give
to uecdy, even v. t’en or.lv alit—
tie l<fa needy onrselvos, U a U e l<-
> menttnythay „ f pietJ) and K 6harp
i test of its reality.
J lm*Qld Testam ni, wuicb gen
s, erally deals in rules, being therein
suited to the childhood and vouth
of hurtianitv, laid down a definite
. rule fur religious giving, namely
j: JG °f the tenth. The New
| designed to produce and
maintain Christian maturity, does
not percent any particular rule for
giving, fbnt lays down general prin
ciples, illustrated by striking exam
pies.
A most instructive example of
Christian giving is afforded by the
grand, contribution which Paul
gatheredjamong the Gentile church
es, lor tec relief of the Christian
, poor at Jerusalem, as described in
I the Epistles to the Corinthians.—
The Jewish poor in the Holy City
often received contributions from
their prosperous brothreu. Let us
select some of the less<ms which
may be learned from this great
collection.
is right to give for the ben
. efit of persons in foreign countries
i and of alien race. Christianity has
jso far softened the j .“alousies of
, nationality and race, that the
i duty of d isß’ga rd in g these in Chris
tian giving has fortunately become
a commonplace of our teaching,
I though it still needs to lie often
and earnestly enforced.
2 - R iß riglitLu: fl* - J
gospel toispimd
i.iurh time and labor in organizing
and administering general religions
contributions. They ought to have
; helpers, as the apostles wished the
seven to help them (Acts vi.), and
as Fan! was aided by Titus, Timo-
thy and others. But Paul did not
think it incompatible with his own
zeal as a preacher to work person
ally in gathering such a collection,
and to make special instruction and
i appeal as to giving a part of V •>,
i inspired epistles.
3. It is right to observe system
in religious giving. System is nec
essary in every other depaitment
in life, in business, in the house
hold, in study, in all persona, hab
its, and it certainly ought to be
fully employed in a matter so im
portant as giving. Paul, designa
ted a system for the churches in
Galatia and sAchaia, in regard to
this great collection; which system
becomes a tunable example for
al! times s»n| undertakings. lie did
not say, as i| often imagined, that
a collection Lust be made in the
the church .jrvice on the first day
of the weel but (1 Cor. xvi. 2)
that must lay by him in
store, ’ whiA evidently means at
home; thu Jack one should gradu
ally gather! private fund from
tnese weeky additions, and have
it ready who the apostle cane.—
|To regard |is as a law for literal
observancejmong Christians of all
ages, wouldbe out of the question;
and, as a 1:», it would not be strict
ly obeyed ft weekly contributions
in church; pt it is a most suo res
tive and fcpressive example of
I systemiticeving on the fir-t ibtv
of the \|ik. —Rev. ;o lv» a.
Broadus, (D, in Indiana Bap
tist.
K.'»c» i cz3Es»sxik . T oa.
Untamed
Sir Artjur Wellesly, the con
queror oftapolean, was, it is s id,
once ntteJ' routed and put to
flight by a scolding farm-wife,
whose setpg hens his horse had
disturbed! “I would rather face a
park of aJillerv than lister, to her
five minds longer,” he >nid.
?tladad de »Stael, who was able
to charaill the wcrld by her bril
-1 liant corersation, had, we are
[ told, asi dur encounter with an |
angry Berton peasant, and retro: t- !
led before the vehement abuse, ut-
I terlv dismayed and silenced. I
, com not use her weapon-. was
I her excise.
“Never argue with an angry wo !
| man." said an old ’French writer,
. “or try to dam a foul flood. Stand
j a : lc, and lot them pass."
The effect and quality of n scol
ding tongue were known rears!
ago. ‘-Better to dwell in the cor- j
i ner of a housetop,” said Solomon,,
“than with a brawling woman in a ;
wide house, ano agaim ‘T’leasnnt •
, words are sweet to the soul.”
Young girls are apt to devote a
[g>»o'l deal of anxious consideration
ian 1 ehori to the means of making
i themselves attractive and beloved.
| They Gudy thrnr looks, their gait,
.the; Gt rive eagerly to present to
i tue world tasteful costumes, white
, hands, pretty feet, to sing wcl., to
, play with skill, to dance with
; grace, and all the while they too
often drive away friends and ad
mirers by silly chatter, SLANG,
or'ill-natured gossip.
“I find it tasy, ’ said a well—
j known instructress of girls, “to
train a young woman’s mind, body
and hands. But her tongue usu
ally defies me. If they would but
learn to keep silence, something
would be gained. But that is the
most difficult lesson of alb”
“Never judge of a young wo
man, ’ said a cynical student of hu
man nature, “until you have heard
her talk for an hour, apart from
her mother, teacher, or any one of
whom she stands in awe. The
most stately Juno will relax;into a
paltry dribbler,a gossiping SCAN
DALMONGEB, oven sometimes,
if provoked, a SHREW.”
Remember, girls, the old Arab
proverb—the word once spoken re
turns -- *- ■* ‘ ‘ °
Tne earth.
“The tongue can no man tame.”
Because, pel haps, it always will ex
presb the secret thoughts of the
heart. But th heart can be tain ?d,
and so brought into harmony with
God and man that its spoken word
shall iie helpful and dear to both.
Ct Li VI UViH I<J UUIU.
sasrsi3smsscsxt
j IT IS WELL TO REMEMBER,
, 1 hat every path hath a puddle.
, That the fruit of success ripens
1 slowly.
7 hat lie is richest who wants the
least.
That a million dollars will not
buy a ray of sunshine.
That the greatest of faults is to
be conscious of none.
• that the brightest thoughts some
times come from the dullest looking
men.
Fhat Methuselah, even, never
complained of time hanging heavy
on his hands.
< That all of the good things of
this world are of no further good
than as they are of use.
That a newspaper may be a
sewer, or a source of pure water,
according to its source.
That what a man gets for noth
ing ne is very apt to value at just
about what it costs him.
That we often unlock the door
of fate with our own hands, and
then throw the key away.
That compliments and congrat
ulations cost nothing but pens, ink
and paper, or—words.
That the easiest way to outwit
the w« rid is to let it believe fliat it
is smarter than you are.
That t ;cre can be no g v-aterj
mistake than the stopping to worrv !
over a mistake already mad**.
That with contentment the low- ,
cst hov •] is more of a palace than ’
the loftiest mansion without it.
That while few are qualified to ‘
shine in company, it is in power of 1
most people to be agreeable.
That our homes are like instru- , 1
ments of music, of which a single •
discordant st ring destroys the sweet-1 i
ncss.
That the path of life is beset with j
thorns, and that they who are not!
afrai I to encounter them may gath
er the rare? flowers that grow, be- 1
tween. — Good Housekeeping.
i NEWSY SLEANING .
The population of th- I*> • •
' empire h 310,000,000: of 1?
' 100,000,000.
A peculiar weed grows i .1-
torn Oregon, which kill, sh ..t
fc< d opon it.
Four cities—New Yo: . i
Detroit, -nd Atlanta— r • u'. di; .
i crematories.
• Cranberries said to le :
.as plums are being pick; d it:
i numbers in Indiana.
The guard of (Tnitcd S’at > > •!«
dims at Garfield’s tomb is to be,
withdrawn in January next.
Spi rulntor» are bu\ iug up nil the
vacant land in Fiori !a an i bn I G j
ing pr« s: crons tow. ?.
There is lut one million re .’.i
Nebraska and only ten poi sons who '
arc rated as high as :?500,0( '.
A Montana batchelor, worth I
$75,000, gives public notice that
he will come East on the hunt for
a wife.
A State capitol that is a copy In |
miniature of the great Federal cap
itol at AN ashiiigton is bein- built
for Georgia, in Atlanta.
Pittsburg claims more rich men,
in proportion to population, than
any city in the Union. Seventy
residents aggregate $189,000,000.
The indications of the coming
log crop on the several riv.rs of
Lake Superior region, point to 000,
000,000 feet more than was cut
last winter.
The Victory, the war ship on
which Nilson fought and id 1
Trafalgar, is still kept, as i m -
monto of naval prowess, :<t Tor: .
month, England.
The flat head pin and ti
chinery io make it wcri i veute
ur. John llq'.'.e.
who has juot rr-.Givd from tervicc
in Bellevue hospitable, New
York.
The tot<»l number of parliai: e i
taiy candidates in Great Brltmn i..
1,106, of whom 907 are in Er.g-'
land,the rest being divided beiwe i
Ireland, Scotland and Wah ; -.
When the new Croton dam m d
aqueduct are finished 320,000,000
gallons of water will find th ir wav
s to New York city each day. 7 ..
thousand men are now employ-. J
, on the work.*
Near Eiyettville, Ark., two
[■ men killed fifty large hawks ir. a
few hours. One of the men says
( that they were as numerous as pig
j eons, numbering thousands, flvinr
in a southwestern direction. Thi'
extraordinary migration has ; ivc:.
local weather prophets the cue [
that the weMiter will be unusuall ,* »
cold.
Contents Southern Bivouac for
December.
frontispiece (Map of the Baltic
field of Perryville).
The Cotton-Gin; Its Invention
and effects (Illustrated), by Huji
N. Starnes.
The Interpreters, by Algerm
Swinburne.
Lookout .Mountain mid ?Ii io*
’ ry Ridge.
Chastelar, by Will L. Visscber.
Oar last hunting grounds, by Fc
lix Oswald.
The education of the blind, by
B. B. Huntoon.
Yesterday, by Will W;dlac. II r
ney.
Liddell’s record of the Civil
W ar.
CarristoTs Gift—Bln trip cd, bv
Hugh Cm way.
Bragg’s invasion of Kent . -ky, v
C C Gilbert.
The first day at Gettysburg
(with map), by Wm. 11. Swallow”
Comment and criticism. The
true story of Katherine Walton.
The fight at luka.
Editor's Table.— The IT LIO .
craiic Sage.
Salmagundi. —A Hero by c ., P
pulsion.
An introduction to Vaud rbilt.
82.00 a year. Address B. F.
Avery ASons. Louisville, Ky.
Slang destroys the effect of the
best thought for good, no matter
what the motive. Remember.
fjjdf 1
?===-MW v>
G ? hils! 2
iW’Aj I
!Hp I Mrfh
i Q=| HBl ® I*^— THE #
3EST TONIC. -
r.c Heir.', combining Iron with pnn»
o t aic«, Quickly and ceinpleu'ly
•'■>• •- '■ •”-*e*Wf|», Wriduir.*,
-I ; • • ?u.luriu t ChilU&nd Ferens
I ana Nctirniarin.
.:i unfaili! »remedy for Diseases of the
I vuduayn and Liver.
it is invaluable (~? Diseases peanltar to
v» onu n, I all who lead sedeatary lives.
. t .e t< • (.cause hetulaeke/*
i ' . .;• it <■■■ • r jren mevflcmn a«,
■■•sr.ndi rifles the blood, stinmlatwi
■ ■ ■ <■ -4 ;'ie n -in.ilalion of food. re-
• s Hemtbnrn nnd Belching, and strength
i.'i:s the mus ’os and nerves.
1 <ir l-‘ ’ ’' Hv< rs, ijtssitnde, Lack th*
I Energy. die., it has no equal.
' rennino I.as above trade mark nwd
; «rcv.-«dica hues on wrapper. Take no other
-’yl ’ ' « : UU AL <O.. n ILTIWOF.E. K?
■■■>■ ■—- *■— ■ - - t
SON,
t XaCL W
- - QA.
confided la
I him,
I 1! ’•■ ■ ■ of ■.i •■ of the City €Xmrt
j ' 1 ■ -' " • h practice in ether
6-ts.
8. E?GROWi
ATTORNEY -AT-LAW.
AND REAL ESTATE AGENT.
, j : ; o i ( ‘"iproved farms In
::<•«, at
' • 1 ■ • . e:; :• iu<\l and abstracts fni
" .' ■■ ■ • 11 court house,
Carrollton, Ga.
J. W7 JONES.
. - XCI-jT" Ctt. Juj£X' i imV
JOEL, - - ga.,
14-17-ly.
U - tV •* -AL, W, P.COLE.
- - & COLE,
ii<]!
V -CXt Ju-lZt’W.
CARROLLTON, - GA.
\V hi ifctive iu .qll t i<« oomts.—
j*'' ’“ •* ■•■ iven to the business
m. aJinmistration of
'in the court ot
I oruiuarv.
Cuhucii n. .ap'iy made. Ab
< ‘ : Uii • • lining titles and
on improved
’-Lui COLE.
47-if.
.
ct 1;
J A- GA.
IODNETT,
AT-LAW,
* J ; ~ - - GEORGIA
Slaughter’®
t attention giv
■ • riL'tud to him.
w. u. FITTS,
’WSOOXI
’ - GEORGIA %
• »v, drug
38-tt
W. F. BEOWN.
ROWAN,
-T’i’O ; E i’S-AT-LA W
CARROLLT' N, GA.
■ ioaa courts
. counties,
nite fcr
terminated
1 ‘ e ®» the adminis-
i, Lation of estates, Ac.
L>R. D. F. KNOTT
• y located in Car
roaton aud enders his
SERVICES
izens of Carrollton and
vicinity.
- , J > Drug Store,
m.l-tf.
ITT
p .ws.uia:; /.ndsubgeon
E, GA.
I c.Ter
■ ' of car
' tention"
1 i • • n i °«ce at
Promptly a».
■ y
DO YOU KNOW
that
D’S CLIMAX
PI.D g "Tobacco
'fid red-Ti , R . r
■■ -.‘gne cut chtwing
. ■ :• "; own , ar,d yellow
eic..' ? -t quality COHnid-
133aiy.
■ xccutos‘s tale.
kl ~ e - ‘till house door
T. ,1: r -y-d v. on the first
i tio legal
. LPertyto-Wit:
" * '* st -rict of
i-erOpfW. H.
. orius h,ir.
. \ half cash,
8 pw cm.
. hu B AbKIX. I Executors.
4t>—Bta J
NO. 49.