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THE STANDARD AND EXPRESS.
By SMITH, WIKLE & CO.]
OKI6IHA.L.
Written for the Standard A Express.
INUIDESTS OF THE WAR
From an lupuklished Manuscript.
• V * LiBT or BAh.TOW COOiTY, OKOIOIA.
“ I »ee the future itretch
All <iark anU barren as a rainy kea.”
Night came on, and we had had
i* jr > anti my little ones “ their eve
ning prayers had said,” and were now
sleeping sweetly in their “ little
beds,” all hut my sick baby. I had
two of the servant women to come in,
and fearing lest the Yankees might
return, knowing that they were
camping not far off, we had carefully
fastened all of the doors and win
dows, and werejjsitting around the fire
with only a dim light; when sudden
ly we heard a noise, then the rattling
of rails, and 1 knew they had return
ed arid were throwing up a picket
fort. Oh, how I dreaded it! for now
1 knew that they would remain for
many days, or it might be weeks,
near us, and I would be exposed to
their taunts and insults.
It was not long before i heard voi
ces directly under my w indow, and a
subdued voice Itegged to be let in. I
motioned to the servants to be per
fectly quiet. They bugged and plead
ed and threatened, but all in vain, no
one stirn*d or answered. After find
ing that wo did not or would not hear
them, they retired as noiselessly as
they had oome, greatly to our relief.
Pretty soon afterwards others came
to the door and ordered it opened. I
did anything for a long while,
but tinally unable longer to resist
their importunities, I asked them
W'hat they wanted. They replied,
“ Meat and bread, and they would
have it.” I knew by their manner
that they were afraid to commit an
outbreak, so 1 let them curse and
threaten until they were tired down;
theu they left of their ow n accord, as
I said no more to them.
I scarcely closed my eyes in sleep
all through that long, dreary night.
My baby had been sick all through
the long summer mouths, and many
a time I had expected him to dieand
huve no one to bury him but servants.
I never saw’ the Yankees daunted, or
seem to have any spark of humanity,
but once. One clay I was sitting by
the little bed watching Harry, who
was just live years old. lie lay toss
ing in delirium with a burning fever, i
and on my lap lay my baby, more j
dead than alive. I heard a noise* in !
the buck yard, and I knew the Yan
kees were coming up through the
back way.
1 heard lien’s voice in expostula
tion. “ I tell you to keep out of
there; her children are dying now,
and you have no business in there.”
On they came. 1 sat perfectly still, j
not caring for them then. There were
three of them. They stalked right
up to me before they halted, and then !
stopped, motionless with surprise. I
They gazed first at me, then at the
sick children; neither one of us spoke.
They turned abruptly, and left the
house without a w'ord. They were
awed once.
Morning came at last, and with it
the trials and troubles that awaited
us. I had determined the evening
before to go to Kilpatrick’s headquar
ters, and intercede for our milk cows,
but the excitement I had already
passed through left me entirely un
fitted for the task. I had failed in
every effort, the day before, to take
care of or to preserve anything from
them, so I determined to keep my
room and let them do their worst,
which certainly could not be more
than what they had already done.
I ordered the servants to leave my
room and the whole house iu confu
sion, and not to arrange anything at
all, and had breakfast brought into
my room.
Just as the servant came in with a
plate of hot rolls, a Yankee made his
way in with her, and looking wistful
ly at them said “he wanted some
bread.” I knew I could have no
more cooked that day, and indeed I
was surprised to see the cook had
served this up so nicely, so I told him
that “ 1 had none to give him, that
that was cooked for my little children,
and I would not deprive them of it
as long as I could help it.” lie turn
ed off quietly and left, greatly to my
surprise.
I now noticed that no more of them
came In, although I could hoar them
passing continually. After breakfast
Charlie came in and said all of our
milk cows had come back home. |
They had uotguarded them sufficient- 1
ly, and the faithful creatures had bro- j
ken away from them, and now were
at home, and Mary, the milkwomen,
was milking them.
1 felt so thankful for this, for it:
seemed that a kind Providence was ;
watching over us still. I knew if we j
could but retain our milk cows we !
would not suffer. We lmd sent off
several milk cows to lower Georgia,
with o ;r other stock and servauts,
but t uan army rolled between’, and
it might be months, or years even,
before we could, if ever, get them
again. We had only kept the oldest
and gentlest ones, and now they had
fully proved their fidelity. About
nine o'clock my neighbor came in to
see how we had been getting along.
“ You have not been out all this
morning, have you?” asked he.
I told him, “ no, I had concluded to
remain in my room all day, hoping
by this means not to see any more
Yankees.”
“ Well,” said he, “ I have just been
to the picket fort, and had a conver
sation with the officer, and he has no
ticed that you have uot been out to
day, and he requested me to come in
and say to you, that lie has stationed
a guard in your yard, and that as
long as he is here on duty you shall
be protected, and to fear nothing.”
“I was amused,” continued he,
“ while I was conversing with him.
A soldier came up from their head
quarters, and said to him that Gen.
Kilpatrick had sent him over for
some milk cows; that all they had
taken the evening before had broken
away from them, and they had none,
and they knew not where to find
any.”
He said the officer cursed him, and
told him with an oath to go back to
Gen. Kilpatrick and tell him he could
not get any here, and turning to him,
aid he, “ I went, sir, into the army
to tight it out. and not to steal it out,
as these men are doing, and as long
as I remain on this place*, they shall
■ot drive off a cow nor do any more
stealing, that as for forage and such
things, I can not prevent the ir taking
that, but that otherwise they shall
have nothing.”
I regretted that I never learned his
name; he was a Kentuckian. His
kindness tame when it was most
needed, and it was the most gratui
tous piece of kindness I ever received
from a Yankee soldier. He shielded
me for a time from the taunts and in
sults of a low-bred set of men, and I
shall always feel grateful to him for
it.
I went out after a while, and found
a soldier standing ut the back door
with a muaket on his shoulder. I
drew hack involuntarily. He saw it,
and hastily said: “I am only a
guard, madam; the captain has or
dered me to keep the men away. Do
not lie alarmed or uneasy, you will
not be troubled any more by them
| while I am here to protect you, and 1
will keep them all straight.” So they
did not trouble anything in the house
and yard tliat day. If they wanted
anything they would come and ask
politely for it.
We had had a little one-horse wag
on fixed up before they had ever
come in, thinking to have something
to haul our wood and do our milling
in. The first day they ever passed
through, they maliciously choiiped
one wheel to pieces. We had manag
ed to find an olel buggy wheel that
fitted it, and I felt secure of having
some way to get wood for the winter.
Hut Charlie came in to tell me they
were fixing up now to carry it off,
and again I summoned courage to go
out and prevent them. 1 told them
they could not have it, but they said
it was just the idea, that they needed
it very much, and that if 1 w’ould let
them take it they would leave in its
place a good, strong buggy, that I
could have. I told them that “ I did
not wire a straw for their buggy, that
it was not theirs to give.”
“ Oh, yes,” said one of them, “ they
had bought and brought it from Ten
nessee, and that if I would only send
someone along w i th them, they would
send me a good, gentle mule in the
bargain.” T did not send though, and
sure enough, in about two weeks, the
owner of the buggy, not living more
than fifteen miles distant, came for
it.
One of them came in to borrow an
oven. 1 asked him if he would be
sure to return it. “Oh, yes, ma’am,”
said he, “ I will be sure to bring it
hack as soon as I get through my
cooking.” 1 sent him to the cook for
it. She followed him out with it,
very unwilling that he should take it
off. “ I know them,” said she, “ they
have been in and carried off nearly
every thing. He came to me first,
and T would not let him have it, and
now' you have loaned it to him, and I
never w ill see it again.”
I told her he had promised me
he would bring it back.
“You will see,” she said; but sure
enough he did not bring it back.
The evening before, I looked out
and saw them leading off “ old Crock
et,” our faithful old buggy horse. As
many ns six times before, they had
started off with him, and as many as
six times 1 had been at my post, and
saved him. I started out to the gate,
and Ben met me. Says he, “Let them
have him this time; only this morn
ing 1 found he had the glanders, and
he will be sore to die; and if w r e keep
him he will give it to “Cripple,” and
we will lose him too.” Crocket and
Cripple had served us faithfully all
the summer; had finished up the
work on the farm; and now, though
“ my heart strings round him clung,”
yet I let him go this time. They
were expecting, momentarily, a fight
with the scouts. They could see them
half a mile up the road, continually
crossing or standing in it. My little
tx>ys would run in, and out to the
picket fort, and once or twice the cap
tain sent me word that I had better
keep them in, as they knew not w hat
moment they might have a skirmish.
That evening a relief was sent; an
other officer was placed in command.
1 could soon see a great change. The
men began to prowl around, and
things began to assume a threatening
aspect. I sent over and asked for a
guard. The messenger returned, un
fortunately, with the answer, “ tliat
all the men were on duty, and there
was no one to stand guard.” This
was imprudently delivered in the
hearing of some of the men, and it
went from one to another that there
was no guard, and they soon began to
tear up things. A young soldier,
seeing how things w T ere, came to me,
and told me lie feared I w'ould have
some trouble if I did not have a guard.
I told him the message I had receiv
ed. He said all the men lie knew
were on duty, but himself, and that
lie w’ould go and see the officer about
it. After awhile he returned, and
told me he would stand guard for me,
which he did faithfully, as long as
they remained.
We had a great deal of green tobac
co, which had just been cut down,
and was not yet cured. They had
destroyed all the dry, and they now
began on the green, and they all had
sore mouths from it, and were contin
ually running in and out for some
thing to cure their mouths.
On Sunday they all began to leave,
and though only here two days, It
seemed like so many months.
On Saturday a squad of them went
up into Polk county, and burned the
residence of Capt. Matt. Ware, after
first robbing and then plundering it
of what they wanted and could take
away.
COD OUSTS.
A brother and sister were playing
in the dining-room, where their
mother placed a Itasket of cakes on
the tea-table and went out.
“ How nice they look I” said the
boy, reaching to take one.
His sister earnestly objected, and
even drew back his hand, repeating
that it was against their mother’s
direction.
“ She did not count,” said he.
“But perhaps God did,” answered
the sister.
So he withdrew from the tempta
tion, and, sitting down, seemed to
meditate.
“ You are right,” replied he, look
ing at her with a cheerful yet serious
air; “ And does count, for the Bible
says the hairs of our head are all
numbered.”
CARTERSVILLE, GEORGIA, THURSDAY MORNING, MARCH *B, 1872.
COMMUNICATIONS.
Editors Standard A Express.—
After reading the controversy be
tween “ Nemo,” “Ye Local,” and
“ Smell Million,propose to give
the effect produced upon my mind.
The question arose, can Miss “ Joano”
be: called by some other name, there
by rendering her leas mal-odorous ?
In obedience to the great law of asso
ciation, the much-quoted and highly
1 popular question and answer of
i Shakespeare rushed to supply the an
swerer; “.What’s in a name? That
which we call a rose, by any other
name will smell as sweet.” One
question generally suggests another,
and I asked, is Shakespeare correct ?
The larger portion of* the literary
world answer, by implication, yes.
Then for a mere dagger to call in
question the truth of the quotation
against such odds, will doubtless, re
ceive a most withering rebuke. So
mote it be. Ido not propose invading
the territory of the Goddess Flora,
nor that of philology to inquire into
the origin and primitive meaning of
nouns, verbs, prepositions, Ac., Ac.,
but simply to amuse your numerous
readers, by requesting them to ac
company me while I explore the
somewhat untrodden field of personal
; nouns, and patronimics. This is no
ordinary task, and to expect entire
satisfaction, by a full and complete
development of the subject is not to
be reasonable. Ido ndt pretend to
understand the philosophy of names
and surnames sufficiently well to
write an exhaustive patronomatologi
cal article. Nor do I suppose I am
alone. There are few men or women
that have felt sufficient interest in
this subject to induce investigation.
The women are more concerned about
“ Fastosus,” and the men about “Jo
ano.” I have resolved and re-resolv
ed the subject for a quarter of a centu
ry; have ransacked dusty encyclo
pedias, and inquired of learned anti
quaries, all to but little purpose.
Who, on reflection, would not l>e de
lighted to know the origin and prim
itive meaning of his patronimic?
Suppose any one of the numerous
readers of the Standard & Exaress
should attempt to solve the problem,
where would he commence, and to
whom apply? Names, whether no
men or cognomen, merit a higher po
sition in history than has been as
signed to them. No one subject of
equal importance, has received so lit
tle notice by history as that of names.
One principal reason for the silence of
history is, that names antedate histo
ry, and make history possible. Sci
entists felt the necessity for ransack
ing the records of defunct nations and
obsolete languages in order to the es
tablishment of a system of nomencla
ture adapted to technology and sci
ence. Even so, have lexicographers
and philologists been forced to long
years of research to determine the
primitive meaning of words, the af
finities, analogies, inflictions and vari
ous formations of human language.
But who has written the history of
proper names, either of persons or of
families? The only assignable rea
son that occurs to my mind is, that
since Shakespeare’s day, the entire
corps of literary and scientific men
and women, have excused themselves
by, “ What is a name?” All schol
ars who have searched past records
for historical facts, upon all branches
of human knowledge, are obliged to
acknowledge the embarrassments
upon conflicting authorities. Law
yers, statesmen, theologians and lex
icographers, have to grapple with this
huge monster. Hence, no errors are
so great and ruinously mischievous as
those of great men.
Such is the potency of the names of
great men, that their sayings are ad
hered to with the tenacity of duty,
however absurd in principle or erro
neous in fact. This weakness in hu
man nature, to run after great names,
illustrates the manner in which so
many errors get into the world. In
the sixteenth century, Copernicus, an
obscure Prussian, for announcing a
great astronomical truism, fully one
century in advance of his age, was
brutally imprisoned and otherwise
maltreated ; while in the nineteenth
century, Daniel Webster was deified
for proclaiming a fundamental politi
cal heresy. When, on that memo
rable occasion in the U. S. Sena’9 he
said, “ The people, and not the States,
made the Federal Constitution.”
New England threw up her hands
and said, “ He must be a God?” And
yet, ten States of the South to-day
drink the worm-wood and gall, as
the legitimate fruit of this mischiev
ous untruth. “ What’s in a name?”
Much, very much. A name often
arouses a nation from apathy, and be
comes its battle cry in war; a name
often inspires a nation with rage, and
becomes the target for its execration
and hate; a name will bring tears to
a mother’s eyes when she thinks of
its little bearer in its cold grave; a
name often suffuses a maiden cheek
with blushes, causes her heart to flut
ter within, and Anally gets her con
sent to exchange a part of her own
name for it. However it may be,
relative to roses and “joano,” Shakes
peare must have been wrong as to
I>ersonal names. We glean from his
tory certain characteristic facts rela
tive to names. One prominent fact
: is, that in the primitive stage of all
races of men, individuals had but one
name, and that name was significant,
and derived from some object of sense.
That this name, without a surname,
indicates a savage or barbarous stage.
An important fact as respects sur
names is, that they are never found
■ among savages, but mark a more ad
vanced stage in civilization. To know
then, the status of any people in the
1 scale of historical development, we
must first learn whether they use
I names only, or add to them surnames.
Names, like language, have suffered
greatly by the addition and substruc
tion of letters. It is well known to
; philogists how much the orthography,
I etymology and otfioepy of the En
glish language lias suffered from ca
; pricious fashion, and unscrupulous
innovators. The same law of muta
tion hasYendered names a medley
often too obscure to be defined.
Names are in themselves, when cor
, rectiy understood, histories and bio
graphies in epitome. But like Egyp
tian hieroglyfics, wrapped in mystery,
l Those whe have searched for the tacts
of history, in ancient times, regard
Josephus as good authority for what
' ever pertains to Jewish antiquities ;
and yet the discoveries of modern sci
ence prove Josephus to be unreliable
1 so far, at least, as concerns the primi
tive meaning of words. The Rev.
Mr. Moore, of Richmond, Va., pub
lished a succinct review of Mr. Low
er, on names and surnames, some fif
teen years ago; and unwittingly fol
lowed Lower, who had followed Jo
i sephus, and made Adam to mean red ,
the color of the clay of which he was
supposed to have been made. Not
being a Hebraist, I contented myself
that these men must be correct. But
the best English and American schol
ars say Adam, means no such thing.
Here is met a glaring error as the re
sult of prestige that attaches to the
name of Josephus. The embarrass
ment inseparable from the investiga
tion of this subject is apparent. The
earliest record of names is found in
the Bible. The sense-era is not so
plainly marked, however, as in later
periods of history. The reason for
i this is, that the Bible describes no
' people sunk so low in civilization sis
I their defendants. The American In
| dians illustrate the sense-era, being a
savage people—Hence.. Black-Hawk,
War-Eagle, Young-Fawn, Wing-on-
Wings, Prairie-Bird, Ac., Ac. The
early Romans had no surnames,
Romulus and Remus. So, we find it
true of all tribes and tongues, they
have but the nomen and no patro
niinic in a savage state.
But, when human rights began to
j be recognized by regular governments
the law reduced to legal form, to
know and distinguish the tenure of
property in bequeathing and purchas
ing it became necessary not only to
distinguish one man from another,
but to trace his genealogy, and thus
determine his hereditary rights. The
introduction of surnames was as grad
ual as civilization itself. We read of
no people that have been translated
from slavery to absolute freedom by
a mere proclamation, save the negroes
of the South. Even in this anomily,
we see surnames simultaneous with
freedom. Before the surrender, the
colored nomenclature run after this
fashion: Jack, the servant of Jones,
or Jones’ Jack. Now its Mr. Jack
Jones. We read of the renowned Ar
menius, but hear nothing of his sur
name. Asa historical fact of no lit
tie interest, the introduction of patro
nimics, and the most perfect system
of nomenclature are due to the Ro- j
mans, about 500 years B. C. The j
great mission of Rome seems to have I
been the develepment of man colleet
tively, while that of Greece, was to de
velope man as an individual. Rome
has given lessons to the world in gov
ernment and law, while the Greeks
have been contented with philoso
phy.
The student of Roman history will
remember that at the time assigned
for the accession of patronimics, the
Romans were divided into, not only
patricians and plebeans, but into
gentes or clans, and each clan into
families. Thus the cornelian clan or
gentes, was divided into the families
of the Scipiones, Lentuli, Cethegi,
Dolabellae and Cinnae. An individ
ual belonging to any one of these
families, commonly received three
name*s to express the three relations,
called proenomen, nomen and cogno
men. Thus, Tullius, Cornelius, Scip
io, meant Tullius of the Cornelian
gents, and family of the Scipios. A
word for your fair readers. The sub
ordination of woman in Roman soci
ety is shown by the mode of improv
ing female names. When there was
but one daughter, she was called by
the name of the elan. Cicero’s daugh
ter was called Tullia, Caesar’s daugh
ter, Julia, beeause Cicero belonged to
the Tullian gens, and Caesar to the Ju
lian. If two daughters, Tullia Maj
or and Tullia Minor. If more than
two, they were distinguished by their
number. Tullia prima, Tullia Siceon
da, Tullia Tertia, Tullia Quarta.
Then women had no surnames,
and after marriage retained her name
as she had none to change. Here is
Roman history embodied in names.
This will suffice for the first install
ment. I sign the primitive meaning
of my patronimic, let those who can, !
detect it. More anon.
Dagger.
TO THF. CITIZENS OF BARTOW COUNTY.
By an act of the General Assembly !
of the State of Georgia, assented to !
20th January, 1872, amendatory of
the act of 13th October, 1870, the!
Board of Education for Bartow coun-!
ty has been superseded by another to j
be organized the first Tuesday in j
April, proximo.
Before turning over to others the j
interests of common schools, which
has been confided to the guardian
ship of this board, it is deemed neith- j
er improper nor unreasonable to j
briefly recite the causes which
have conspired to hinder the intro- ■
duction, and prevent the successful
operation of common schools in your ;
county; and to indicate the line of !
policy which, in the opinion of this
board, is best calculated to insure a
successful school system.
The novelty of the school system in
Georgia, the general distrust "as to its
permanency, the inadequacy of the .
school fund, the want of school hous
es in many places and the general
aversion to a local tax for school i
house purposes, the inactivity of 1
many school officers, the inexperience '
of many teachers, are circumstances ;
which have combined to foil the ef
forts of this board for the past year,
and constitute the apology now of
fered for the partial failure to intro
duce common schools as contempla
ted by law, and reasonably expected
by many. All has been done to pro
mote the interest entrusted to this
board that was consistent with sound
policy and a strict construction of the
school law. It is no less a subject of
regret than of deep humiliation, that
up to a recent period there was no
I available school fund in the treasury
of the State, notwithstanding the
many liberal appropriations that
have been made by the General As
sembly during a series of years in the
past. This fact of itself affords a sad
commentary on the financial man
; agement of the late administration,
j and should admonish all of the dan
| ger there is in voting for exotic ad
! venturers who infest the South for
plunder.
| It is not in obedience to a mere
| formality that this board thus ad
dresses you, but rather from a con
viction that the statement of facts,
, and an appeal to your judgment, un
! der the circumstances, are proper, if
not absolutely necessary.
The subject of popular education
haa ever had its advocates, both
i among Christiana and patriots, and
; receives to-day a large share of sym
pathy and patronage from all friends
of enlighteded civilization. The ao
1 tion of the General Assembly, at its
late session, would seem to afford
matter of encouragement and grat
ulation to the friends of common
schools, inasmuch as the system has
been continued, with a few organic
changes, and some evidence given of
a disposition to foster this great lever
of civtltediuc. Upon close 9enstiny,
however, it will not escape the notice
; of those who have thought upon the
subject, that the amended act, now
' of force, was either intended to ren
der the svstem inoperative, or else, in
their ardency to promote it, they
have strangled it to death in the arms
jof their affections. This board is not
! so uncharitable as to impute to the
Legislature hostility to the system,
yet the practical effects of the amend
ed law is to render common schools
inoperative. To have required a lo
cal tax, supplemented to the State
fund, sufficient to (continue common
schools three months , instead of sir,
would have been more reasonable.
This board is not dispondeut, how
ever, of a successful common school
ultimately; but unless the Legisla
ture, at its session in J uly next, shal 1
reconsider the amended act, and take
steps to amend the constitution, this
board can see no hope for common
schools, however necessary and de
j sirable. Time will enable men to
think and act upon this subject, as
upon all others in the past, which in
their inception were denounced and
finally adopted aad prized. Educa
i cation is regarded a specialty, and to
; be appreciated is as necessary as ed
ucation itself. There is, however,
I such a thing as doing too much and
I going too fast. A system of popular
! education, to be successful, must be
of the people and must grow with
their growth. In other words, edu
| cation can never lx; engrafted upon a
a people. Legislation must never
precede public opinion by foisting
upon the people a system
repugnant to tneir self respect, sense
of justice and right. Hence, time,
patience and persistency are mdis
pensible to the success of common
schools under the auspices of the
State. Much is being said of rail
roads, internal improvements, mus
cle, etc., etc., but too often men lose
sight of that great agency which pro
jects railway lines, exhumes the min
eral wealth of a State, and wisely
directs the exercise of muscle—culti
vated intellect. Take this from a
State, ami you rob her of her rarest
treasure. Give a State education, or
a mind drawn out and invigorated,
and you invest her with a power
against which no opposition can
stand. To illustrate the idea, that to
promote education is the most ef
fectual and speedy method to the at
tainment of a high degree in theseale
of civilization, an extract from the
great Maeauly is in point. He says
of Scotland, in 179(1. immediately af
ter the close of the revolution in
England, when the derangement of
her finances and general prostration
of all her material resources were far
worse than that of the Southern
States in 1865: “ But by far the most
important event of the short session
was the passage of the Act for the
settling of schools. By this memo
rable law it was, in Scotch phrase,
statuted and ordained that every
parish in the realm should provide a
commodious school-house and pay a
moderate stipend to a schoolmaster.
The effect could not be immediately
felt. But, before one generation had
passed away, it began to be evident
that the common people of Scotland
were superior in intelligence to the
common people of any other nation
in Europe. To whatever land the
Scotchman might wander, to what
ever calling he might betake himself,
in America or in India, in trade or in
war, the advantages he had derived
from his early training raised him
above his competitors. * If ho woo
taken into a warehouse as a porter, he
soon became foreman. If he enlisted
in the army, lie soon became a ser
geant. Scotland, meantime, in spite
of the barrenness of her soil and se
verity of climate, made such prog
ress in agriculture, in manufactures,
in commerce, in letters, in science, in
all that constitutes civilization, as
the Old World had never seen equal
ed, as even the New World had nev
er seen surpassed. This wonderful
change is to be attributed, not solely,
but principally to the National sys
tem of education.”
This language needs no comment.
Exactly one century later, and the
great Washington spoke, when he
bequeathed to the American people a
priceless legacy in the form of his
farewell address. Amid the many
matchless political truisms to
be found in the memorable docu
ment, stands prominently the follow
ing : “Promote, then, as an object of
primary importance, institutions for
the general diffusion of knowledge.
In proportion as a government gives
force to public opinion, it is essential
that public opinion should be en
lightened.”
Not to become tedious, this board
forbears to elaborate further the ab
stract subject of education, and will
briefly state the policy, which, in its
opinion, should characterize the fu
ture legislation of Georgia, touching
the interest of common schools.
As the result of dilligent inquiry,
close observation and mature thought,
this board cannot pretermit the fact,
however humiliating, to acknowledge
that there is a large amount of illit
eracy in many portions of the coun
try. * Nor can the conviction be sup
pressed that the inauguration and
maintainanee of common schools,
are not only fully adequate to the
task of its removal, but the only ef
fectual remedy. This great evil, so
fruitful of vice and crime wherever
allowed to exist, is rendered the more
aggravated in many localities of the
rural districts by reason of the want
of unanimity among the people.
This bane to the interests of educa
tion is not, however, peculiar to any
locality, but is seen and felt even in
the more highly favored communi
ties. Then, to whatever cause or
causes this want qf harmony and con
cert of action may be attributed, the
beauty and adaptation of the local
system is made apparent, when the
law, (which is deaf to feuds and fac
tions) interposes and locates school
houses at the most eligible sites, ac
cessible to all children of scholastic
age. However desirable it may be for
all to say, “ the county is dotted with
school-houses,” and “the school
master is abroad,” yet if your schools
are not well appointed and judicious
ly systemized, the whole scheme will
fall still-born. Probably no one evil
has been more universally tolerated
in all common school enterprizes than
that of promiscuous text books. It is
a matter of astonishment that in the
present advanced stage of letters and
science, as well as school enterprizes,
this great evil still remains to be de
precated. It is certainly cause of
sincere gratulation to know that the
Legislature, at its last session, invest
ed county boards with the authority
to select their own text-books.
CONCLUSION NEXT WEEK.
A simple mode of avoiding the
spread of small-pox has been discov
ered in Alabama. They let the pa
tient die safely by himself; hire a
negro to bury him; and shoot the ne
gro as soon as the interment Li finish
ed.
A perplexed German tailor, who
had made a garment for a youth, and
found himself unable to dispose of
the surplus fullness which appeared
when trying it on, declared vocife
rously tnat “de coat is goot. It’s no
fault of de coat. De poy is too
1 slim.”
POETK Y.
THE SEW mil(H ORGAN.
They’re got abran new organ, Sue,
For all their fuss am] search ;
They've done just as they said the) U Jo, -
And fetches) it into church.
They’re bonntl the critter shall he seen,
Aud on the preacher's right.
They hoisted up their new machine,
In everybody’s sight.
They’ve got a choinst and a choir.
Ajr’in my voice and vote ;
For it was never MY desire.
To praise the Lord by note !
I've been a sister good and true,
For five and thirty year ;
I've done what seemed hit part to do,
An’ prayed my duty clear ;
I’vesung the hymns'both slow and quick.
Just as the preacher read.
And twice, when Deacon Tubbs was sick,
I took the fork an’ led !
And now. their bold. new-fangled ways
Is cornin’ all about;
And I. right in my latter days,
| Am fairly crowded oul!
To-day the preacher, good old dear.
With tears all in his eyes,
| Read “ I can read ray titla clear
To mansions in the skies,”
I al’ars liked that blessed him
I s’pose I al'ays will;
It somehow gratifies MY whim,
In good old Ortonville ;
But when that choir got up to sing,
I couldn’t catch a word ;
They sung the most dog-gundest thing
A body ever heard !
Some worldlv chaps was standln’ near.
An’ when i seed them grin,
I bid farewell to every fear.
And boldlv waded in.
I thought I’d chase their tune along.
An’ tried with all my might ;
But though my voice is good an strong,
I couldn’t steer it right.
When they was high, then I was low.
An’ also contra’wise ;
And 1 too fast, or they too slow.
To “mansions in the skies.”
An’ after every Terse, you know,
They played a little tune ;
I didn't understand, an’ so
I started in too soon.
I pitched it pretty middlin' high,
I fetched a lusty tone,
But, oh, alas ! I found that I
Was singin' there alone !
They laughed a little, I am told ;
But I had done my best ;
And not a wave of trouble rolled
Across my peaceful breast.
And sister Brown—r could but look—
She sits right front ol me ;
She never was no singin’ book,
An’ never went to be ;
But then she al’ays tried to do
The best she could, she said ;
She understood time, right through.
An’ kep’ it, with her head ;
But when she tried this mornin’, oh,
I had to laugh, or cough !
It kep’ her head a bobbin’ so,
It e’en a’most came off !
An’ Deacon Tubbs—he all broke down.
As one might well suppose ;
lie took one look at sister Brown,
And meekly scratched his nose.
He looked his hymn book thro’ and thro’
And laid it on the seat,
And then a pensive sigh ha drew,
And looked completely beat.
An’ when they took another bout,
He didn’t even rise ;
But drawed his red bandanner out,
An’ wiped his weepin’ eyes.
I've been a sister, good an’ true,
For live and thirty year ;
I’ve done what seemed my part to do.
An’ prayed my duty clear ;
But death will stop my voice, 1 know,
For lie is on mv track :
And some day, fto church will go.
And never more come back.
And when the folks get up to sing—
Whene’er that time shall be—
I do not want no patent thing
A squealin’ over nie !
Agricultural Department.
Good Coffee. —This delicious bev
erage we do not always find in all
places where coffee is used. In some
of our first-class hotels the coffee is in
no way desirable. In some families,
too, a really nice cup of coffee is nev
er seen. This may lie owing partly
to the quality of the article purchased,
but often the fault is in making. Af
ter purchasing good coffee, the most
important part in making is the
browning, if this is not properly (lone
no skill whatever can make of it a
good cup of coffee.
The following is our method: 1
When there is a good fire in the cook- j
ing stove, and the oven a little too
hot for baking purposes, place on a |
baking tin as much coffee as you wish ;
to use in three days, put this in the
oven and watch it constantly until
every kernel is of a dark brown color, j
It should not be long in the oven, and
if tomlod with otwe will brown vory
evenly, but should any kernels be
come black and glossy throw them i
away, they will spoil the flavor of the i
best coffee. Grind as much of this as !
you wish to use at once. For mode-!
rate coffee drinkers, a tablespoonful
for each person is sufficient. Half an
egg mixed thoroughly with dry cof
fee, will settle enough for six persons.
Rinse the coffee pot first with cold,
then with hot water, put in the pre
pared coffee, pour on one-third as
much more boiling water as you wish
coffee for the table, boil ten or fifteen
minutes, serve immediately with su
gar and cream, (milk only weakens
it,) and your coffee will be clear as
amber, and the beverage in your cup
a golden bronze color, which none
but the best coffee ever presents.
Apples for Human Food.— With
us the value of the apple as an article
of food is far underrated. Besides
containing a large amount of sugar,
mucilage, and other nutritive matter,
apples contain vegetable acids, aro
matic qualities, etc., which act pow- j
erfully in the capacity of refrigerants, j
tonics and antiseptics, and when free- i
ly used at the season of mellow ripe- j
ness they prevent debility, indiges- i
tion, and avert, without doubt, many
of the “ ills which flesh is heir to.”
The operators of Cornwall, England,
consider ripe apples nearly as nour
ishing as bread, and far more so than
potatoes. In the year 1801—which
was a year of much scarcity—apples,
instead of being converted into cider,
were sold to the poor, and the labor-!
ers asserted that they could “ stand ;
their work” on baked apples without i
meat; whereas a potato diet required
either meat or some other substantial
nutriment. The French and Ger- ;
mans use apples extensively; so do
the inhabitants of all the European j
nations. The laborers depend upon |
them as an article of food, and fre-!
quently make a dinner of sliced up-1
pics and bread. There is no fruit i
cooked in as many different ways in
our country as apples, nor is there any
fruit whose value, as an article of nii- 1
triment, is as great and so littleappre- i
ciated.— Water (Jure Journal.
SOWING DIFFERENT GRAINS TOGETHER.
The Toronto Globe says of late i
years the attention of several experi
mental English agriculturists fas some
Canadian) has been turned toward
the possibility of increasing the yield
per acre of various cereals, when sown
together in the same field. There
seems little doubt that a much larger
yield can thus be obtained. Instances
are quoted where peas, oats, barley
and wheat, all sown together, have
produced a very large yield. This
plan has especially been successful
where various sorts of wheat alone
have been sown together, or, as we
should term it, a mixed sample of
seed. One man mentions a yield of
upwards of seventy bushels of this
mixed seed (wheat) per acre, and this
great crop was composed of four dif
ferent sorts of wheat. The theory is
that some sorts are subject to particu
lar enemies, whether of season or in
sects, whilst others are not influenced
by the same at the same time, or es
cape altogether, so between the vari
ous chances which affect the different
plants a crop matures. Our improved
fanning mills are brought to such per
fection that the separation of different
grains is not difficult.
Gardening for Ladies.—Make
your beds early in the morning in
stead of lying thereon; sew buttons
on your hushand’s shirts ; do not rake
up any grievances; protect the young
and tender branches of your family;
plant a smile of good temper in your
face, and carefully root out all angry
feelings ; cultivate all womanly gra
ces, and expect a good crop of happi
ness.
The Lookout Flouring Mills, Chat
’ tanooga, are turning out five hundred
1 barrels of flour per day.
Cure for Diptheria. —A simple
and successful treatment of diptheria
may be found in the use of lemon
juioe. Gargle the throat freely with
it, at the same time swallow a portion
so as to reach all the affected parts.
A French physician claims that he
saved his own life with this pleasant
remedy.
To Cleanse Blankets.— Put two
tablespqonful of borax and a pint of
-oaff-fltfo a tub of cold water. When
dissolved, put iu a pair of blankets,
and let them remain over night.
Next day, rub and drain them out,
and hang them out to dry. Do not
wring them.
Frost Bite*.— Dissolve one hand
ful of copperas in a pail half full of
warm water; soak the feet well in it,
set aside and repeat until it is all
; drawn out. Often one application
will answer, according to extent of
disease*.
Sugar Cookies.— One cup of su
gar. one cup of butter, one egg, a lit
tle batter and flour—enough to roll
them. Bake quickly.
A standing antidote for poison by
dew, poison oak, ivy, Ac., is to take a
handful of quick-lime, dissolve in wa-
I ter, let it stand half an hour, then
paint the poisoned parts with it.
Three or four applications will never
fail to cure* the most aggravated cases.
Poison from bees, hornets, spider
bites, Ac., is instantly arrested by the
application of equal parts of common
salt and bicarbonate of soda, well rub
bed in on the place bitten or stung.
It has been generally supposed that
the guano deposits in the Cincha Is
lands were the excreta of birds, but
now Dr. Ilabel and professor Eel
wards suspect that they are made up
of the bodies of decayed animals and
plants, most of which are of marine ;
origin. This supposition rests on the j
fact that the anchors of ships moored
near those islands frequently bring
guano to the surface.
Lemon for a Cough.— Roast the
lemon very carefully without burning
it. When it is thoroughly hot, cut
and squeeze into a cup upon three
ounces of sugar finely powdered. |
Take a spoonful whenever your cough
troubles you. It is good and agreea
ble to the taste. Rarely has it been
known to fail of giving relief.
LOOK OtT FOE SMCT AM) BIST.
Our grain planters must be aware I
that so heavy rains as have fallen this
year will so affect the soil, the atmos
phere and the germinating grain, as
to prepare the way for rust and smut
in grain to an unusual degree; and,
therefore, all the means in their pow
er should be used to ward off danger
in due season.
There are some lands that are low,
and standing water will remain on
them a long time, even after the grain
is up. All such standing water should
be drawn off, if it Is possible; and
where land is about to be planted that
is still wet before planting, a dressing
of slacked lime will serve a grand pur
pose : it will warm the soil, help to
dry it, and kill parasites. —California
Farmer.
Plantation Johnny Cake.—To
one pint of corn meal add half a cup
of sugar, three eggs, a tablespoon ful
of butter, a tablespoonful of baking
powder, and enough milk to make a
stiff batter. Grease your pan well,
and pour the batter into it. Rake
thoroughly.
In youth, yea, in manhood, we
should cultivate mind and character
to the utmost, for we know not for
what end God may have destined us.
Babies. —We love the little babies
and love everybody that loves little
barbie*. Nu man has inusic in liis
soul who don’t love babies; they
were made to be loved, especially girl 1
babies when they are grown up. A
man isn’t worth a shuck who hasn’t |
a baby, and the same rule applies to j
women. A baby is a spring day in
winter; a ray of sunshine in frigid;
winter, and if it is healthy and good
natured, and you are sure that it is :
yours, it is a bushel of sunshine, no ;
matter how cold the weather. A !
man cannot be a hopeless case so long
as he loves babies, one at a time. We
love babies all over—no matter how !
dirty they are.
Babies were made to be dirty.
We love babies beeause they are ba
bies, and because their mothers were
loveable and lovely women. Our
love of babies is only bounded by the
number of babies in the world/ We
always have sorrowful feelings for wo
men who have no babies, and don’t
expect any.
Women always look down-hearted
who have no babies, and men who
have no babies always grumble and ,
drink whiskey, and stay out at night
trying to get music in their.souls; but
they can’t come it. Babies are babies
and nothing else can take their places.
Pianos play out, and beauty plays
out, and sweet temper plays out, axul j
good living plays out, unless there is !
a baby in the house. We have tried
it; we know, and we say there is ,
nothing like a baby.— Exchange.
There is a Future.— lt cannot
be said earth is man’s only abiding
place. It cannot be that life is a
bubble cast upon the ocean of eternity,
to float a moment upon its surface,
and then sink into darkness and noth
ingness forever. Else, why is it that
the high and glorious aspirations
which leap like angels from the tem
ple of our hearts are forever wander
ing abroad unsatisfied? Why is it
that the rainbow and the cloud come
over us with a beauty that is not of
earth, and then pass off and leave us
to muse on its faded lovlineas ? Why
is it that the stars which hold festival
around the throne are set above the
grasp of our limited faculties, and
forever mock us with their una-p
proachable glory? And why is it
that forms of human beauty are
presented to the view and then taken
away from us, leaving the thousand
streams to flow back in an Alpine
current upoojmr hearts.
--- ■ ■
The Poetry of Trees. —Said
Nathaniel Hawthorne: “ The trees
as living existences, from a pecuiliar
link between the dead and us. My
fancy has always found something
very interesting in an orchard. Apple
trees, and all fruit trees, have domestic
character, which brings them into
relationship with man. They have
lost in a great measure the wild
nature of the forest tree, and have
grown humanized by contributing to
his wants. They have become a part
of the family; and their individual
character is as well understood and
appreciated as those of the human
members. One tree is harsh and
crabbed, another mild; one is churlish
and illiberal, another exhaasts itself
with its freehearted bounties. Even
the shapes of apple trees have great
individuality, into such strange
postures do they put themselves, and
thrust their contorted branches gro
tesquely in all directions. And when
they havT'slood around a house for
many years, and held converse with
successive dynasties of occupants and
gladdened their hearts so often in the
fruitful autumn, then it would seem
I almost sacrilege to cut them down.”
Richmond, Va., has had seventeen
I snow-storms this winter. The last
! was the worst.
The most irredeemable bonds yet
i known to the financial and moral
j world are vagabonds.
; Colonel H. P. Farrow, having
; resigned the office of Attorney-Gene
l ml of Georgia, has been sworn in as
| United States Attorney for the State
LAWSHE & HAYNES,
ATLANTA, GA.
Have on hand and are recmving
the fluent (lock of lb* lateet •tries of
DIAMOND & GOLD JEWELRY
lu upper Georgia. Mlected with can* lor the
FALL AND WINTER TRADE
Watche* of the beet maker* of Europe and
America.
AMERICAN AND FRENCH CLOCKS |
STKKI.ING and COIN SILVER-WAR*.
And the beet quality of
SILVER PLTED GOODS,
At price# to suit the time*. Gold .diver A »tecl
SPECTACLES TO SUIT ALL AGES.
Watches and Jewelry repaired by Competent
Workmen. AUo Clock and Watch Maker,'
Tool* and Material*.
icp 11-1 y
I > o+*lcet and Table
KNIVES and FORKS,
SPOONS, CASTORS, RAZORS,
SCISSORS, CARVERS, ETC., ETC.
CROCKERY, CHINA, GLASSWARE,
NOW ARRIVING
DIRECT FROM EUROPE !
Diamond Oil,
AT
IVI’BRIDE & Co’s
MERCHANTS!
Consult your Interest
Save freight andruinout breakage by buying
from
Mcßride & co.
READ THIS.
Atlanta, March I, 1871
We, the undersigned, commissioners for the
“ Atlanta Hospital Association,” have selected
prir.es for distribution from the splendid stock
of Mcßride A Cos. Ticket holders can see these
beautiful prizes at Mcßride & Co’* »tore.
Z. H. ORMK, M. D.. 1
J. F, ALKXANDKB, M. D (Coin.
K. S. RAY, M. D. )
W* oiTar r«*l imduaetnenU In Fruit Jar*.
Do not buy till you see our Jars. They are the
best and cheapest in the market.
novflO—tf.
FERTILI2SBIIS i
Dickson's Compound,
SOLUBLE PACIFIC,
Wauflo Hininjr and Manufactiirlug Cos..
CAROLINA
ATLANTIC PHOSPHATE CO.,
MAGNUM BONUM,
FAR.AOON,
ALSO
PERUVIAN GUANO,
GROUND AND DISSOLVED BONES,
LAND PLASTER,
SALT,
Acid i*li ow p hates
FOR
COMPOSTING,
JTIOR CASH, o-on time on manufacturer’*
term.—some guarantee 15 cts. for Cotton
delivered. Please call and obtain circulars.
Gilbert & Baxter,
febli—lm. Agists.
STERLING
SILVER-WARE.
SHARP & FLOYD
No. 33 Whitehall Street,
ATLANTA.
Specialty,
Sterling Silver-Ware.
Special attention it requested to the man
new and elegant pieces manufactured express
ly to our order the past year, andquite recently
completed.
Au uuusually attractive assortment of novel -
iu. in Fancy Silver, cased for Wedding and
Holiday present*, of a medium and expentiv
character.
The House we represent manufacture on as
unparalleled scale, employing on Sterling Sil
▼er-Ware alone over One Hundred skilled
hands, the most accomplished talent in Design
ing, and the best Labor-saving Machinary, en
abling them to produce works of the highest
character, at prices US APPROACHED bvany
competition. Our stock at present is the lar
gest and rao»t varied this side of Philadelphia
Aii examination of our stock and price# will
guarantee our sales.
OUR HOUSE USE ONLY
m
BRITISH STERLING,
1000
jan 4ts
AGENCY
GEORGIA LOAN & TRUST COMPANY
». W. K. PKACOCK, AGent.
CARTERSVIELE, GEORGIA
i
OFFICE in the Store-room of A. A ,
A CO., Main Street.
Money received on Deposit,
j Kxchange nought and sold.
Advances mads on Cotton and other dace. I
| dee. 0-sw
VOL. 12—NO. 38
The Western Antidote !
McCUTCH EON’S
CHEROKEE INDUS BITTERS.
This highly valuable Indian Remedy ia
too well kuowu, whenever it he* Less used,
to require speeiai notiee.
Those who are unacquainted with its wo*
derful operation upon the system will fad
it a certain remedy iu all Diseases es the
Kidneys, Bladder and Urinary Organ*. It
is very useful in Rheumatism, l.lver (’em
plaint, Ague-Cake Dysentery an t ether
complaints. It warms the stomach sad
bowels; cures Colic an 1 Obstruotions es the
Breast; sustains excessive labor of both bo
dy and tuind; cures the Piles, promote* the
Appetite, assists Digestion; prevent* un
pleasant dreamsandfrights; a . s. gthens Ae
judgment; cures Nervous, Asthmatic*] and
Hysterical Affections; removes all the dis
orders of wcaknes and debility ; purilea the
Blood; cures Neuralgia and Dispeptia to
gether with most Diaeaaee peculiar te Vr.
malec.
Old and young, male and female, have beea
greatly bencfitled by its usa, as hundreds e.
letter* from all parts of the United States
will certify. Let those who are unae
quainted with McCitcusos’s “llierolse In
dian Bitters,” before saying this is te*
much, try a bottle, aud all who do to will
unit* iu testifying that the half has aot barns
told.
Cherokee Indian Bitten possesses aa ener
gy which seems to communicate new life te
the system, and renovate the feoble, fainting
powers of nature. Its operation upon the
tissues of the body does not consist ia affect
ing the irritability of the living fibre, hot in
imparting a sound and healthy stimulus te
the Vital Dry ant.
It strengthens substantially aad durably
the living powers of the animal machine; is
entirely innocent and harmless; may he ad
ministered with impunity to both sexes, aad
all conditions of life.
There is no disease of any name or na
ture, whether of young or old, male or fe
male, but that it is proper to admin : ster it,
and if it be done seasonably and persever
ingly it will have a good effect. It is per
fectly incredible to those unacquslnted with
the Bitters, the facility with which a heal
thy action is often in the worst case restor
ed to the exhausted organs of the ststkm;
with a degree of animation and desire for
food, which is perfectly astonishing to all
who perceive it. This Medicine purifies the
blood, restores the tonic power of the
and of the stomach and digestive organs;
rouses the animal spirits, and substantially
fortifies and reanimates the breken d*wa
constitutions of mankind.
Indians are the most healthy of the human
rac*. They take an abundace of physical
exercise, breathe pure air, and live on sim
ple diet. When sick, they use no mineral
poisons, bat select roots, herbs, and plaate
“from the great drug store of then Cr*a
tor. ” McCctchiok’s “ Chkroeih Ikdiak
Bitt«rs” is a combination of these vegeta
ble substances which render it entirely in
nocent to the constitution of the most dedi
cate male or female. The wonderful pew ear
which these “Bitters” arc knewn to pos
sess in curing diseases, evinces to the world
that it is without a parallel in the history
of medicine, and afford additional evidence
that the great benefactors of the country are
not always found in the temples of wealli
nor the maiy walks of science, but among
the hardy sons of Nature, whose original,
untutored ntinds, unshackled by the farm*
of science, are left free to pursue the dic
tates of reason, truth and eeiaston sense.
Sines the introduction of this remedy In
o the United States, thousauda have been
raised from beds of affliction whose Vivee
were despaired of by their physicians and
pronounced beyond the reach s»f medicine
McCutcheon - * “Cherokee Bitters” has
driven the most popular medicines of every
name, like chaff before the whirlwind, from
every city, town and village where it has
been introduced, and is destined ere long te
convince the world that the red mans rem
edies are the white man's choice. For dis
eases peculiar to the female sex there is
nothing better. Old and young, male and
female, have all been greatly beneflit*d by
its use. Hundreds of certificates, fret*
parts of the United States, which *re enti
tled to the fullest confidence, speak of it in
the moat favorable manner. * These are ne
only from persons who have been cured by
it, but also from some sf the most eminent
physicians and druggitt who have success
fully tested it in their practice, and volun
tarily offer their testimonials i* be fever
For sale by all Dealer*-
SriciAO None*. —Merchnnte*and drug
gists doing business at a distance from the
railroad, when ordering my “Cherekee In
dian Bitters,’’ will please state the depot te
which they hare their goods shipped, by
|to doing, I can sometimes supply their
wants much earlier.
Address all orders to
R. H. MoCUTCHIOI,
Marietta, ip.
Whe alone is sutheriaed te manufacture
the original and genuine.
act 26—ly