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THE STANDARD AND EXPRESS. Uj- SMITH, .WIKLE & CO.] Written for the Standard & Express. INCIDENTS OF THE WAR. From an I'npublished Manuscript. B l A LADY OP BARTOW COI’KTT, GEORGIA. “ Howe’er it tie, it seem* to me, ’Tl* only nohle to lie good; Kind hearts arc more than coronets, And simple faith than Norman blood.” I found this time they had carried off almost every article of convenience that we had—buckets, pans, cooking utensils, and they had only left us two knives and forks, and two spoons. So I told Charlie if he could get a horse we would take the buggy they had left us, and go to their camps, just a mile from us, and see if we could find any of our stolen articles. We succeeded in getting off. We had gone hut about half a mile, when we came to one of their breast-works, and there, to our consternation, we found a Yankee picket; but being on “ my errand l**nt,” I told him where 1 was going, and my object. lie told me that the command was passing off, and that he was momentarily ex pecting to be sent for, to follow on ■ so wo waited, and in a few moments they came for him, and we went on across the bridge. We could see the reur guard at a distance, and now, thought I, we can once more breathe the air of freedom, untainted by their foul breath. We had but just gone into their camp, when suddenly we heard horses’ feet coming up rapidly behind us. I said to one of our ser vants that 1 had taken with me, “Oh! J was so sure the Yankees had all gone, or I would never have dared to leave home, if I had known there had been any behind me.” We look ed back and there they were, the road filled with them ; hut not Yan kees. Could it possibly be “Grey jackets?” Yes, 1 could not be mista ken—it seemed like a dream. I w r as completely bewildered, for 1 had not imagined there was one in miles of us, though the Yankees had been saying that there were some near them, while they were with us. 1 dared not trust them, though I never would l>etray my feelings, without there was a familiar face among them. I looked again, and this time the kindly beaming faces, bespoke our own Confederate soldiers —so kind, so genial, so sympathiz ing. “ Oh!” said 1, “do go back; there are hundreds of Yankees just before us, and it is perilous for you to go far ther.” They only laughed, and told me not to he uneasy about them, there was no danger; and away they dashed up the road, and before 1 could well take a good breath, they were hack again with a prisoner. Now, what should I do. I had un fortunately taken Harry along with me. We were overwhelmed with fear, for 1 knew the Yankees would return, and there might boa fight right here, and I might be in the midst of it. While in this dilemma, i thought I heard a familiar voice near me, and turning around I saw Ben coming towards me. I bursted intotears. “Oh!” said I, “Ben,some good angel must have sent you to me just now; you seem to he always in the right place; now what shall I do?” “ Well,” said he, “ take Harry and go up to the house, and Charlie and 1 M ill take the buggy back into this thicket, until things get more quiet.” Ho we hurried on to the house, and just as we reached there, a messenger came from the scouts, say ing that they were waiting for me to cross the bridge, as they w’ere going to tear it up before the Yankees came back, to keep them from crossing. My courage gave completely away, for I feared the Yankees might come up just as we were on the bridge, and I dared not venture across; so I sent word to them to tell the servants at home, that I would come home as soon as I could, and to take good care of my little ones, until I returned. 1 had sent for an old lady living near us, to stay w ith them, so I was now more uneasy about ourselves than them. Ben then came up, and proposed that if 1 would not go home, 1 had better leave there before the Yankees came hack, and go on to my sister’s, and remain until the confusion M’as; over. Ho M’e started, and M ere right j fortunate in getting away when we; did, for as we passed down one road j M’e could see on the other a long line I of Yankees dashing down at a rapid j rate. But the Confederates M’ere far away and out of all danger. The j Yankees only went to the bridge, and,; finding it torn up, they could go no ! further. They cursed and swore, and finally retired. I went on, and found my sister and I brother-in-law in much trouble. The J Yankees had been near them, and ( done them all conceivable mischief; i but theirs Mas even a greater trouble ; than this. Their only son, their dar ling Walter, Mils now a soldier-boy, and out battling for his country’s ( rights, only a few months before, thou.:,.i he had numbered but sixteen summers, “ In his 1 1 right youth ho had hurried away, And how proudly ho donned it, the jacket of grey.” Even then, but they knew it not, he lay M’ounded in a hospital in Au gusta. Col. Hal Beaumar, of Mt. Zi on, Ga., M as retiring from the battle field of Grahnmville, and as he was passing along, something attracted liis attention, that resembled a human being. Ile stopped, and seeing a fair, young boy, he asked him his name; anil taking the wounded boy in his arms he bore him gently from the battle-ground, and thus saved the life of the young soldier-boy. He Mas sent to a hospital in Augusta, and for M’eeks he lay there suffering, until one day he heard a voice that sound ed like music to his ears. It Mras a friend of his mother, from his moun tain home. The hoy soon felt the magic influence of “ home and friends around him; and ere long the suffer ing one M’as M’ell again; and after months of suffering and toil, he Mas restored to his home once more. After remaining a short time, until Me thought every thing M’as quiet, M’e started again for home, thinking M’e could return by the lower bridge; but our chagrin and disappointment can be imagined, when M’e reached there and found that that had been torn up also. There was no other alternative then, but for us to take a long route around and ford the creek. Fortunately m’p met up with Al fred, and he told me he could take I me a mute, so that I could avoid a f part where there were pickets out; j which he did, but we had several | breast-works to remove. Just as M r e came out into the other j road, we saw two young ladies walk ! ing out. We came on together a lit tle distance, and ail at once, as if by magic, two “jackets of Grey ” sprang up. I almost trembled, for I feared even the winds might tel! on them. I told them the Yankees Mere al most in hearing distance of them; but they laughed and said they kneM’ it, but were not afraid of them. One of them Mas Virgil Brown, a youth raised right in our midst. I never saw him after this, but I recollect how hopeful and full of life he seemed i then. But, oh! his fate was horrible; I shudder even now, M’hen I think of | it. I recollect so well one bright morn ing in the summer I Mas sitting out |in the entry, M’hen a handsome, youthful looking soldier rode up to the gate. lie spoke familiarly, even called my name. I Mas perplexed. His accoutrements and all bespoke the Yankee, even to his hat and horse, I imagined. But his open, frank appearance and pleasant l>ear ing bespoke a Southern soldier. He inquired if I knew anything of Lieut. Cooley and his command. I evaded liis query as best I could. The night before, some of Lieut. Cooley’s men had called, and kindly asked me if any of their squad should pass to please direct them to their camp. He saw my hesitation, and that he was not likely to gain any informa tion from me, so he smilingly asked me if I did not know him. I replied that “I did not.” “ Why,” said he, “ you ought to; you gave me breakfast one morning last week; my name is Virgil BroM’n.” I then rec ognized him, and could tell him all about Lieut. Cooley and his camping ground. Said I, “ But your clothes and hat bespeak you a Yankee.” He said, “yes, but his old clothes had given out, and he was compelled to use them just now for M’ant of gray ones.” But a short time only, after my see ing him on the road-side, he was rid ing along not many miles from there, not dreaming of Yankees, when they suddenly came upon him. They made him ride on some distance with them, then made him turn and ride off from them; and they shot him all to pieces, and left him in the roads, a mangled, mutilated corpse. His sis ters, hearing of it, succeeded in find ing his dead body, and hurried it. We came on home, and, just as we crossed the creek, we found another breastwork. We reached home just at dark, where I found all anxiously expecting us. The scouts had kindly stopped, and delivered my message though. I was thoroughly and fully satiated M’ith a desire to visit a Yankee camp. Sin Hknny Sydney’s Advice to his Son at School —“ Since this is ! my first letter that ever I did write to you, I M ill not that it be empty of some advices which my natural care of you provoketh me to wish you to follow. Let your first action be the lifting up your mind to Almighty God by hearty prayr; and feelingly digest the M’ords you speak in prayer with continued meditation of nim to whom you pray, and of the matter for whicli you pray. And do this at j an ordinary hour, M’hereby the time j itself M ill put you in remembrance to I do that which you are accustomed to do at that time. Be humble and j obedient to your master; for unless ; you frame yourself to obey others and j feel in your own self what obedience ! is, you shall never be able to teach others to obey you. Be courteous and affable to all men, with diversity of | reverence according to the dignity of i the person. There is nothing that j winneth so much M’ith so little cost. ! Use moderate diet, so as after your j meal you may find your wit fresher and not duller, your body more lively | and not more heavy than before. Give yourself to be merry, for you degenerate from your father if you find not yourself most able to do any thing when you be most merry. But let your mirth be ever void of all scurrility and biting words to any man, for a wound given by a word is often harder to be healed* than that which is given by a SM’ord. Be rather a hearer and bearer away of other men’s talk, than a beginner and pro curer of speech. If you hear a M’ise sentence or an apt plirase commit it to your memory. Let never oath be heard to come out of your mouth, nor word of ribaldry; detest it in others, so shall custom make to your self a law against it. Be modest’in every assembly, and rather be rebuk ed by light felloM’s for maidenly shamefastness than by your sad friends for pert boldness. Above all things tell no untruth. No, not even in trifles. Study and endeavor to be virtuously occupied. Ho shall you form such a habit of well doing, that you shall not know how to do evil. : Remember, my son, the noble blood ' you are descended of by the mother’s | side, and think that only by virtuous ! life and good action, you may be an ‘ ornament to that illustrious family.” His mother was Mary, eldest daugh ) ter of the Duke of Northumberland, j At the time of Phillips birth she M r as mourning the death, on“the block, of ! her father, her brother Robert, and j his M’ife, the Lady Jane Grey. To the letter of Sir Henry Sydney a ! postscrip was added by this excellent (woman: “Your noble and careful ; father hath taken pains, M’ith his own I hand to give you in this letter, so M’ise, so learned, and most requisite precepts for you to follow with a diligent and humble thankful mind, as 1 Mill not withdraw your eyes from beholding and reverently honoring the same. I first bless you with my ; desire to God to plant you in his grace; I and, secondly, warn you to have always before the eyes of your mind | these excellent counsels of my lord, your dear father, and that you fail not continually once in four or five days to read them over.” Taste Not.—Drunk! Young man did you ever stop to think hoM’ terrible that word sounds! Did you ever think what misery you brought upon your friends when you degraded your manhood by getting drunk? Drunk! How the word rings in ears of a loving wife. How’ it makes the heart of a mother bleed! How it crushes the hopes of a father, and brings shame end reproach upon the sisters. Drunk! See him, as he leans against the corner of some friendly house. He stands ready to | fall into the jaws of hell, unconscious as to his approaching fate. The M’ife of his bosom, M’ith aching heart, sits at the window to hear her husbands | footsteps—but they come not. He is | drunk! lie is spending the means of i support for liquor M’hile his family is j starving for bread, his children for clothing. Drunk! His reputation going, gone! His friends one by one are leavining him to his fate. He goes doM n to his grave “ uuliouored and unwept.” CARTERSVILLE, GEORGIA, THURSDAY MORNING, APRIL 11, 187-2. Agricultural Department. TAKING CARE OF I ARM IMPLEMENTS. On this subject, the agricultural ed itor of the Christian Union, Maxes sarcastical as follows: “ We have resolved, for the present at least, to change our tactics regard ing the care of farm implements. Hitherto we have, in common M’ith the agricultural papers in general, urged farmers to take care of their tools and machines. We have even printed directions for oiling, and painting, and storing, and the like. Nou’. however. M r e have abandoned that line of policy. The dealers in and manufacturers of such imple ments must live, and as M’e have some friends and acquaintances among them, M’e are convinced that we have been too forgetful of their in terests. An editor says that during a ride of ninety miles M’hieh he took through an averaged agricultural dis trict, he counted the following un housed implements, namely: Forty four plows, tM’enty-three harroMS, sev en mowers, one reaper with beater and platform as last used, wagons too nu merous to count, and in one instance, a set of harness hanging on a fence. The plows were mostly standing in the furrow where they had been last used. Such a sight as that gladdens the heart of the itinerant manufacturer, and is un example M’hieh ought to be fol lowed by every tiller of the soil who wants anew set of implements. Far mers, attention! Do not rub linseed oil on your fork and shovel and rake handles, do not paint your plow’s and moM ers, do not use any rust preven tive on the iron and steel parts, and above all, leave everything out of doors. You really have no idea how quickly you will possess anew set of tools, provided you have balance at the bank, if you abandon that most objectionable structure, the tool house. Only seven mowers and one reaper out in the air in a stretch of ninety miles! And only one set of harness ! Well, we will hope for a better re port from that section the next time our agricultural contemporary goes that way. TUE FUTURE OF SOUTHERN FARMING. Mr. John H. Dent, in the Practical Planter, after expressing the opinion that foreign M’hite labor can never be made available to any considerable extent in cotton culture, thus states his vie M’s as to what Southern farm ing should and mustbeheneeforM’ard in order to be truly successful: My impression is ; the present sys tem of cotton planting, on the large scale in which it is noM’ carried on, must lie abandoned, and gradually it Mill become a part of diversified agri culture, when the policy will be, from improved culture, to make an acre planted in cotton makea bale or more; so in reducing the acreage planted the amount made will not be diminished. Such, I think, Mill he the tendency in the future for raising cotton. As regards agricultural machinery for Southern farming, we must adopt it; it is inevitable, but it will be gradual ly done, and not until we have more intelligent labor than M’e now have, to handle it. We are now using im proved labor-saving plows, horse reapers, threshers and separators, but they can only be entrusted with M’hite laborers, that is, a M’hite man must superintend the using them, if negroes are employed as assistants. Place reapers, threshers and separators in charge of a parcel of negroes, and no white man to superintend their run ning, and shipwreck would soon bo their fate; and as regards riding cul ti raters, I consider them not adapted to successful culture; the plow attach ed to them cannot be properly man aged, to be made to do good work. But there are gang cultivators in use, managed by the plowman on foot, that do good M’ork and are good aux iliaries as labor-saving implements; a plOM’man must be on his feet to manage any plow or cultivator prop erly—this riding business is all fancy —and nothing practical in it. South ern planting or farming, to be made profitable, must be conducted on small farms by thorough preparation and cultivation of the soil. It is im possible to keep up the fertility of the soil and fencing on large plantations ; and one can afford to tend exhausted lands M’ith hired labor, hence, M e say the acreage of lands cultivated must be curtailed and be made to produce largely to the acre, if not, there will be no profit in farming. The average product of cotton plantations is not more than a bale to five acres. Would it not be best, then, to manure and cultivate fifty acres, so as to make what two hundred and fifty acres now make. It M’ould certainly save much capital now invested in lands, mules and for labor. When labor was cheap costing nothing more than food and clothing, M r e could afford to tend poor lands, but when scarce and high pric ed the policy is to make the land fer tile and produce largely. Thus our plantations will be decreased in the acres tended, so as to lessen the ex pense in hands required, and increase the crop profits; it is the only plan on which they can be managed profita bly. ROLLING COTTON SEED. Editor of the Rural Carolinian: First, obtain a common whiskey barrel, cut a square hole in one side, the width of tM’o staves, (cut M’ith a key-hole saM’,) the tM’o staves (fasten ed with a batten) serving as a door, and secured by common thumb but tons. Next, run a plain wooden axle through the centre of the heade, with a handle at one end, for turning the barrel like a grindstone. It is then mounted on two posts or forks, driven in the ground, so as to support the machinery about two feet above the earth. To operate, put in two bush els of cotton seed and a bucket of M’a ter, roll the machines sloM’ly a few times, or until the seed are thoroughly wet. Next, introduce tM’elve pounds (or even more if desired) of sifted Pe ruvian guano, land plaster, or dry ashes, and, after a few more revolu tions, the machine may be emptied, by turning the barrel until the hole is underneath. The seed M’ill be found perfectly separated, and as thoroughly rolled as could be done in the usual way in one hour. The whole operation need not consume ten minutes. The above machine for rolling cot ton seed for planting is perfect. I have used it two years. I saw it de scribed in the Southern Cultivator, November number, 1869, I think. Many thanks to the inventor, R. J. R., of Ellaville, Ga. Will you give this a place in your valuable maga zine, for the benefit of many. J. M. Frierson. Shiloh, S. C., Feb. 28, 1872. SM’eet potatoes should be planted largely every M’here. This crop is a sure one, and helps out M’onderfully M'here corn is short. The folloM’ing plan is recommended by a Texan cor respondent : Select the largest potatoes for seed, instead of the smallest, as is the usual practice. At the time of bedding out the potatoes, procure a barrel, or box, that M ill hold water. Fill this with corn cobs, and add liquid manure till the cobs are entirely submerged. Let these stand till the potato plants are ready for transplanting, by M’hich time the cobs M’ill be rotten, though still holding together. Draw the plants, and M’rap each once around a cob. which bury in the ridge previ ously prepared, leaving the end of the vine out. The saturated cob furnish es moisture and nutriment to the plant till it gets M'ell established in the soil. CORN PLANTING, OBSERVATIONS ON. Editors Southern Cultivator: Your remarks in the last number of your paper as to the best method of planting corn, induce me to commu nicate my observations for the past 30 years. T have planted in the M’ater furrow after breaking and bedding, and I have also planted in the centre of the bed, and planted level M’ithout bedding. In all the experiments by these three different inodes, planting in the bed did the best, and in the wa ter furrow the Morst. In 1840, I directed my overseer to break and bed my corn land, but at the saine time did not direct him hoM’ to plant the com, and before giving directions, he had planted some in the M’ater furroM - . I told him to change and plant in the bed, M’hieh he did. The corn planted in the bed Mas the best. For the same year a neighbor of mine planted in tne water furroM’ very early, and cultivated his corn well, and although his land M r as bet ter than mine, he did not make the seed he planted. This M’as the driest season thatjhad occurred since I com menced planting, about 40 years ago, and none but the early planted corn made anything. In 1839, different members of the Montieello Agricultural Society of Fairfield county w’ere directed to make accurate experiments as to M’hich was the better plan of planting, in the water fumnv or on the bed. All agreed in their reports that on the bed Mas the better plan, not only where they planted early, but M’here they planted late. The season of ’39 M’as very favorabte. We had no heavy rains, but frequent showers up to the first Monday in J uly. On that day a gentle rain fell all day, M’hich M’as the last for the year. If planting corn deep is the best plan, no- tM’o years M ere so favorable for it in my recollection as ’45 and ’39. In 1863 a large planter removed his slaves to a large plantation adjoining mine. He pursued the system which he had folloM’ed in the lom’ country, to-wit: that of running a deep fur roM r , and collecting in this furroM’ the weeds and stalks and surface mold, and on this bed planting the corn on the middle of the bed. The former occupant had pursued the opposite system—that of planting in the water furroM’. The new comer was told by the neighbors that he could make no corn on that land, if he followed that method—that it might do for the low’ country, but not in that place. He thanked them for their advice, but he thought he knew as much about corn as they did, and he would pursue his own course. He did so, and succeed ed admirably. Since that time, I’ve heard few persons in that neighbor hood advocate deep planting. Our lands when fresh Mere general ly productive, and some of them very good. Nearly all have a clay subsoil. I M’ill not give you my reasons for the system M’hich I think best. I have listened often to the arguments of the advocates of deep planting, but their reasons have always seemed to me to be nothing hut pure sophistry. S. Chester, South Carolina. SAVE MANURE. The Farmer and Gardner ventures the assertion, and we fully agree with it, that nine persons out of ten waste enough of replenishing material in their farm yards, forests, fields and houses, to pay, over all expenses of collection and distribution, the expen ses of their households and families. The remedy lies in the study and dissemination of practical agricultural information that M’ill teach us how to obey the command of “replenishing” —either in the fields or in the garden. We are aware of the vast sums of money that have been spent in re plenishers the past few years—in the shape of “ commercial fertilizers.” No doubt the right kind of fertili zer, judiciously and intelligently ap plied, is productive of good; but if one-third of the money so spent was used in the collecting and preparing the natural replenishing material wasted by so many farmers at their doors, we M’ould not now be groaning under the weight of unpaid debts with nothing wherewith to pay them. — Term. Agriculturalist. Transplanting Plants.— The editor of the GermantoM’n Telegraph says: There is no mode that we ever tried so effectual in transplanting to mato, cabbage, canteloupe, or any other tender plant from the hot-bed, or from one place to another, as to prepare a vessel filled with manure water and rich soil, about the consist ency of thin mush, with which the roots of the plant should be well coat ed, and set in a hole made with a round piece of wood or dibble. After being rather firmly planted moisten again with manure-M r ater. We have never failed in any transplanting; when done in this way, and the troub le is very slight. ♦ ASHES FOR SWEET POTATOES. A correspondent in the Southern Cultivator, says: “ I notice the ques tion is asked, which is the best fer tilizer or manure for sweet potatoes ? From the experience I have had in manuring the sweet potato, I must say that rotted ashes, when properly put on, has precedence over all others I have had any experience with. The plan that I adopted was to open a deep furrow with a scooter plow, and put in a plenty of ashes. Bed on the ashes, and a sure crop may be realized on the poorest soil- Cow-penning is good—so are cotton-seed and stable manure ; but, after experimenting with the ashes, they will all be aban doned, provided ashes can be had. I experimented on as poor soil as I had, and the result M’as as fine a crop of potatoes as I ever saM’ on any kind of land. Rotted ashes is good for cot ton also, and almost any kind of veg etation. lam convinced there is not a better fertilizer made on any plan tation than rotted ashes. So every one M’ill find it greatly to his interest to take special care of it.” (TEE FOR SCROFULA. Many years ago we published the following recipe for this ugly disease. It was furnished by N. Longworth, •the celebrated grape-grower and millionaire, who M’as so impressed with its great value to suffering hu manity that he appealed to the editors of the country to repeat the publi cation quarterly, as “it may save many lives.” “Put two ounces of aquafortis on a plate on which you have two copper cents. Let it remain from eighteen to twenty-four hours. Then add four ounces clear strong vinegar. Put cents and all in a large mouthed bottle, and keep it corked. Begin by putting four drops in a teaspoonful of rain M’ater, and apply it to the sore. Make the application three times a day, M’ith a soft hair pencil or one made of soft rags. If very painful, put more M’ater. As the sore heals, apply it M eaker.” The recipe is extremely valuable, and every wood Samaritan in a neighbor hood should preserve a copy of it, so that, M’henever they hear of a case of this terrible affliction, they may be prepared to furnish a remedy.— Our Home Journal. Don’t M’aste the soap suds, but ap ply it to gardens, vines, bushes, ever greens, or laM n. It is too valuable to be turned out at the back door. That M r as a beautiful idea expressed by a lady ou her death-bed, in reply to a remark of her brother, who Mas taking leave of her to return to his distant residence, that he should probably never meet her again in the land of the living:—“ Brother, I trust M’e shall meet in the land of the liv ing. We are noM’ in the land of the dying.” . EX-GOVERNOR (BARLES J. JENKINS. he writes is tmnmm letter to got. SMITH IS NARRATION OF Hlii CAREER 4S GOVERNOR. From the Atlanta Constitution, tilth.J Augusta, Ga., March 15,1872. 7b If is Excellency James M. Smith: Sir—Since my removal from the office M’hich you now hold, in Janua ry, 1868, by Major Gen. Meade, of the United States Army, commanding Department of Georgia, I have re frained from communication with the defacto government of the State. Had there been no interference of the Federal Government, my term of office M ould have expired in Novem ber, 1867, and there would then have been assembled a Legislatureto M'hom I M ould have rendered an account of my stewardship, accompanied by the usual reports of the Treasurer * and Comptroller General for that year. Such a communication, M’ith like ac companiments for the preceding year, had Wen submitted to the General Assembly at their second session in November, 1866. There having been neitehr Governor or Legislature elect ed in 1867, I, under a provision of the Constitution, held over; but there was no Legislative Assemoly. From the time of my removal until the in-, stallation of the present Governor and Legislature, those departments have not, in-my judgment, been filled by persons rightfully representing the | people of Georgia or faithfully guard- j ing their inter*-As. J am informal that a committee appointed for that ourpose by the ! Legislature convened in 186S, exam ined the books and accounts of Mr. i Treasurer Jones for the last year of 1 my administration, and reported them correct. I desire, hoM’ever, to make a for mal representation ot certain trans actions during my official term of which no account has been given, j and some of which have been grossly misrepresented to the public. Such a communication to a State Executive, from a predecessor, is, I know, unusual, if not unprecedented ; hut I trust you. will find in the cir cumstances, heretofore and now sur rounding me, a justification of it, and that you M ill kindly place it on ; file, with the archives of the State where it may be hereafter accessi-1 ble for reference if desirable. 1 need scarcely remark that, owing ! to the suspension of the State govern ment at the dose of the war—serious complications M’ith the Federal gov ernment resulting from that conflict —the utter exhaustion of our treasu ry, the impoverished condition of our people, and the interference by Congressional legislation with the State government first inaugurated after the war, my administration was fraught with difficulty, responsibility and anxiety. When I entered upon the duties of the office there was no money in the treasury—there were outstanding liabilities of Governor Brown’s last term, (owing to his re moval by the United States govern ment several months before its con stitutional end) —debts contracted by Provisional Governor Johnson, to carry on the government and the ex penses of the Convention of 1865, pro vided for by temporary loans. There were also ante-war bonds, and inter est coupons of considerable amount which matured during and after the war—the expenses of the Legislature which came in with me, and accru ing demands of the civil list. The bed and track of the Western it At lantic railroad were in a dilapidated condition, its depot and bridges in a great measure destroyed, and its roll ing stock partly lost or destroyed, and partly worn out and valueless. Its Superintendent under Provision al Governor Johnson, with his ap proval, had contracted a debt with the United States Government of about four hundred and seventy thousand dollars ($470,000) in the pur chase of rolling stock and other rail road property, and still in these items there M'as a large deficiency. The Capital, its grounds and furni ture, and the Executive Mansion, and its furniture required extensive re pairs and renewals. The Penitenti ary had been partially burned and rendered insecure, requiring a large outlay in rebuilding and strengthen ing it. Besides all this, there were no taxes collected in 1865. In view of this con dition of our financial affairs, it must I think surprise the reflecting mind that the Legislature, to meet these lia bilities, and put the machinery of government again in motion, resorted to the credit of the Htate by the issue of its bonds only to the amount of three millions and thirty thousand dollars ($3,030,000.) The Convention of 1865 did, indeed authorize the issue of bonds, amount ing to five hundred thousand dollars ($500,00) to meet the emergencies of the hour. But these, owing to restric tions put upon them, were found available only for very short loan, and w r ere so used, and redeemed with proceeds of bonds afterwards author ized by the Legislature, except about tM’enty-six thousand dollars, (26,000) M’hich had not been presented at the Treasury, although called in. There M’ere also bonds authorized by 7th section of the act of 12th of March, 1866, amounting to six hun dred thousand dollars ($600,000), to pay the land tax issued by the United States Government against the people of Georgia. These bonds were engraved with others, hut as the United States authorities refused to receive payment of the tax from the Executive of the State, were not signed or sealedfuntil after the next session of the Legisla ture (Nov. 18(36.) On the assembling, I reported to them the failure to use those bonds for the purpose intended, and advised that the Executive be authorized to issue them in redemption of, or ex change for bonds of the State, which would mature within a short time. Authority to that effect was given to the Legislature, and then these bonds in all respects similar to other bonds issued under the act of March 12,1866, M’ere executed. As these bonds bore a higher rate of interest tiian those to be redeemed by them, and were se cured by a mortgage on the Western & Atlantic Railroad, it M’as believed that no difficulty would be encoun tered in exchanging them for the lat ter on terms advantageous to the State, and thus our suffering people be released from taxation, to meet a heavy demand upon the treasury at no distant day. They were accord ingly placed in the National Bank of the Republic (New York) for that purpose, and notice of the terms on M’hich the State would make the ex change extensively published. This exchange had been commenced, but no great progress had been made in it at the time of my removal. Know ing no safer place of deposit for them, and desiring not to suspend the pro cess of exchange, I suffered them to remain there, giving written instruc tion to the agent to continue it, but beyond that, to deliver them to no Jerson except upon the order of John ones, Treasurer, or myself. The Legislature assembled in 1868, passed a resolution authorizing the Governor inaugurated by them to take possession of all the bonds of the State executed but not negotiated, wherever to be found. Under this authority, as I have been informed, the acting Governor, R. B. Bullock, demanded of the bank the unex ehanged then in their possession, and the agent, under legal advice, surren dered them to him, but required of j him an indorsement on each bond, of j the manner in M’hich he became pos sessed of it. The precise amount so delivered I knoM’ not, but suppose it could have varied little from six hun dred thousand dollars. I am, of: course, ignorant of M’hat disposition j has been made of them. If they have been faithfully applied to the object intended, they have not increased the indebtedness of the State, but have only postponed, to a more convenient time, its payment, pro tanto , and the relief has accrued, or will accrue, to the administration succeeding mine. If otherwise, the application is chargeable to the Executive, m t lio, rather than come to an account with the fairly elected and honest repre sentatives of the people he is charged with having plundered, and inglo riously flecl the State. In no event can these bonds be fairly set down a* an original indebtedness incurred by the State during my official term, anil by my advice. Other bonds M ere issued by me, in conformity with the act of February, 1866, authorizing a subscription to the stock of the Atlantic and Gulf Rail road Company, and the issue of the bonds of the State, in payment of in stallments on that stock, as the corpor ation might shoM’ itself entitled to them. Evidence that they M ere so entitled, mas in each instance adduced, before the bonds M’ere issued; amounts, dates, etc., Mill appear by reference to the records of the Treasu rer’s and Comptroller General’s offi ces. But this liability M’as incurred ten years before my time. The amount of the two classes of bonds last men tioned have, in an indiseriminating, unscrupulous partisan spirit, been ad ded to the three millions and thirty thousand mentioned before, and the grand aggregate presented as an in crease of tne public debt under my administration and by my advice. I think I have disposed of those two classes, and M’ill not again refer to them. I noM T propose to show that the public debt was increased by less than one-half of the'three/nillion and thirty thousand dollars ($3,030,000.) The authority for issuing these bonds and the purposes, to which they were to be applied, M’ill he found in the act of the 12th of March, 1866, and the 11th section of the General Appropriation Act of the same year. The folloM’ing items embraced in the act first mentioned were obviously provisions for funding existing in debtedness, and therefore did not in crease the public debt: Section B—To pay the matured bond debt and interest thereon $550,000 Section I—To pay debt to United States Government for railroad property pur chased during Provisional Governor Johnson’s term, and interest 500,000 Loans contracted by Provisional Gover nor Johnson 30,000 Making an aggregate of 1,360,000 M’hich deducted lroiu the new bond debt of 3,030,000 leave as increase of public debt 1,670,000 Among the appropriations made and paid from proceeds of these bonds were two extraordinary items of pure charity, having all the moral obligations of debts, viz: to purchase corn for tho destitute and artificial limbs for disabled soldiers 920,000 Leaving a balance of 1.450,000 This balance was relied upon to re pair and complete the equipment of the Western and Atlantic Railroad ; to repair and refit the State House, and its grounds; tne Executive Man sion and furniture; the Penitentiary; to pay the unfunded debts of thfc State (by no means inconsiderable,) and to defray the entire expenses of the gov ernment for one year, including the support of its great public charities, and the accruing annual interest on the public debt. This sum of one million four hun dred and fifty thousand dollars M’as subjected before it came into the treasury for general use, to a diminu tion by the expenses incident to the preparation and engraving of the bonds, the execution of the mortgage, commissions to agents employed in the sale of them, and the rate of dis count upon them, for no bonds of any Southern State could then be nego tiated at par value. The bonds first sold—about nine hundred thousand dollars ($900,000) in amount—yielded ninety per cent. A few M’ere after wards sold for ninety-five, and they would undoubtedly have reached par value in the market hut for the depressing effect of Congressional legislation upon the credit of the Southern States. Under this with ering influence, these bonds after wards fell below ninety in the New York market. For more minute de tails respecting the disposition of these bonds, reference is made to the records of the Treasury and of the Comptroller General’s office, to which, as I write, I have not access. I have mentioned a debt contracted by the Provisional Superintendent of the Western and Atlantic Railroad under Provisional Governor Johnson and which debt occasioned my first unpleasant complication M’itli the United States. The Superintendent insisted that lie M as, by the terms of the contract, entitled to a clear credit of two years, upon the amount of the purchase. The Sale-Agent of the United States, on the contrary, af firmed that by the terms of sale, the purchaser could only be entitled to such credit, on giving bond with ap proved personal security, for the pay ment of the debt at the expiration of two years; in default of which, mon thly payments of the twenty-fourth part of the debt, with interest, at 7.30 per cent, must be made, until the debt was extinguished. The contest between these officials was an une qual one. The monthly payments Mere peremptorily demanded. I suggested to the Legislature the ex pediency of authorizing the Superin tendent of the Western and Atlantic Railroad to give a bond for the pay ment of the debt within two years, and of pledging the faith of the State for its payment. Accordingly the act of the 13th March, 1866 j was pass ed, and a bond executed in confor mity with it, and delivered. Still, for the lack of personal security, the monthly payments Mere demanded. In an interview M’ith Mr. Stanton, Secretary of War, I protested against this, and insisted on the payment of the whole of the sum at the expira tion of the two years—urging that tho pledge of the State’s credit M’as more than equivalent for personal se curity. He heard me patiently, but when I concluded, remarked curtly, “ I can give you no relief. You seem to think because this Railroad is the property of the State, and the debt incurred, her debt, and because she had given her bond for it, she should be admitted to the privilege of pur chasers giving bond and security. I cannot make that distinction. The terms must be complied M’ith.” I asked permission to take issue with him on that point. I pressed upon him the universal recognized comity between nations and States, between organized governments, and stated as a carol lary from it, that one Government would accord to another a credit never given to an individual. I concluded thus: “ I have not sup posed, Mr. Stanton, I should live to see the day M’hen the United States Government M’ould send the Govern or of a State out to hunt after personal ! security for a money contract. I cannot lower the dignity of my State by do ing such an act.” The stern Secretary relented, con sidered, and finally took the matter before the Cabinet, M ho referred it to the Secretary of War, and the Attor ney General*, with power to act. I then M’ent before the latter to discuss the question M’ith him. So soon as I broached the proposition requiring a State to give personal security for a debt, Mr. Stanberry, that upright j man, courteous gentleman, and able jurist, interrupted me with the remark “ Governos, I confess that proposition revolts me.” “As it has done me, Mr. Attorney General,” I replied. He rejoined, “ Oh, that will not do. Mr. Stanton must give that up.” And he did give it up. and cheerfully, at last. I refer to this matter partly to shoM’ that, among those distinguished men, members of the administrations (and i we may infer, by the Cabinet,) Geor gia M’as, at that time recognized as having the status of a State of the Union. Early in the year 1866, the Collee j tor of internal Revenue for the 4th District of Georgia required the Su perintendent of the \\ estern and At lantic Railroad to make monthly re turns to him of the gross receipts from the road, and to pay a tax of 2} per cent, upon them. Believing the tax to he illegal, bo , cause assessed upon the revenue of the State, 1 appealed against it to the | Secretary of the Unite*l States Treas ury, Mho, after a reference of the question to the Solicitor of the Treas ury and a report by him, overruled my appeal and ordered the collection to proceed. Not satisfied M’ith the decision, 1 filed a bill in equity in the District Court of the United States, in the name of the State of Georgia, against the collector seeking to enjoin the collection of the tax. After argu ment upon a rule against the Collector, to show cause in Chambers why an injunction should not issue, the Judge reserved his decision until the next term of the Court in Atlanta; but as sured the Solicitors of the State, in the presence of the District Attorney and the collector, that meantime no further action in collection of the tax would be taken. During his temporary absence from the State, hoM ever, and before ins de cision, tlie Collector peremptorily de manded payment of tho tax then ac crued (amounting to more than twen ty-four thousand dollars) M’ithin ten days, in default of which a levy M ould be made upon the property of the road. Informed of this, I directed the Superintendent to pay under pro test, which was done. As soon as practicable afterwards, in a personal interview M’ith the Sec retary of the Treasury, I brought all, those matters to his consideration, : and found him profoundly ignorant of the bill, the proceedings in Cham bers, the assurance of the Judge re specting suspension of action, and the subsequent enforcement of payment. I do him the justice to say that he manifested genuine surprise and in dignation at the last stage of the pro ceeding. He pronounced it “all wrong,” and immediately summon-' ed before him the Deputy Commis sioner of Internal Revenue (the chief being absent at the time,) who, after hearing the recital, concurred in the Secretary’s opinion, and declared himself equally ignorant and inno- 1 cent of the wrong. The result was that the Secretary ' ordered the suspension of the collec tion, until rendition of the J udge’s 1 decision, (saying he thought I had j adopted the best course for the settle ment of the question,) but declined to , refund the sum paid under duress, M’hich had been pronounced “all j wrong” until the decision was made. At the next term of the Court, i Judge Erskine delivered an elaborate ! opinion, concluding with an order off injunction pendente life. A copy of ; this decision Mas forwarded to the j Department M’ith a second demand of repayment, which was declined on the ground that the Secretary was considering the propriety of carrying up the question. * Tho Collector, I was informed, nev er answered the bill nor put in anap- i pearance; and at the September term, 1867, the J udge granted a perpetual | injunction, and decreed that the sum ( paid under duress be refunded. A third demand was then made for ■ payment, but I was answered that j the legality of the tax had been refer red to the Attorney General of the United States, and that M’ould await his opinion. That wassoon after giv en, sustaining the decree of the Court, which declared thetax illegal. Then i upon a fourth demand the money was i refunded, but interest on it was re-! fused, although the Treasury of the j United States had held it about eigh- 1 teen months, and also during the > same time, interest was accruing at the rate of 7.30 per cent, against the Western and Atlantic Railroad to the United States, on the debt before mentioned, and soon after paid in full. But for this appeal to the Judiciary, | in limine , it cannot be doubted that I this onerous and illegal tax would,; year after year, have been exorted from our impoverished State by the j spoiled and spoiling minions of power, i It is but one of many exhibitions of i the tyrannous and rapacious spirit in which the ruling party have requitted the unconditional and sincere sub mission of the Southern people to the authority of the Federal Government. These wrongs I impute to the ruling party—theirs is the sin ; and theirs, m the time of recompense, will be the shame and the suffering. We can on ly possess ourselves in patience, look ing for the outstretching of His right arm who has said, “ Vengeance is mine and 1 will repay .” But these things should not be al loM ed to pass unheeded or unehron icled. Great as were the embarrassments encompassing the office during the first year of my term, they were vast ly increased by the passage of the Re construction Acts, and the entrance into the State of a military chieftain, transferred from “ headquarters in the saddle'' 1 to the headquarters in Atlan ta. This man came invested with the despotic power ever the people of Georgia, and with authority, at his sovereign pleasure, to remove from office any of their chosen public ser vants. And these tilings, shade of Washington, Jefferson and Madison ! were done notwithstanding the dis tinct recognition of Georgia (either before they were commenced or du ring their progress) as a State within the Union, by every department of the Federal Government. I pause not, to produce proofs of the assertion; but I challenge an issue upon it. These reconstruction acts, it will be remembered, had been passed by the Congress of the United States over the veto of the President, based up on their nneonstitutionality. So i soon as action was taken under them —so soon as the foot of the military j Despot was impressed upon the soil |of Georgia—l repaired to Washing ton and filed a Bill in the name of : the State of Georgia, against the in truders in the Supreme Court, seek ( ing to enjoin and set aside these pro ceedings, as infringements upon the I reserved sovereignty of the State, and in violation of the Constitution ; of the United States. The right of the State to file that ! bill, and the jurisdiction of the case depended upon the fact alleged, that i she was one of the States of the Un ion. Asa foreign power, or a con quered province, she M ould have had no right to do so—the Court, no juris diction in the premises. Still, as the records of the Court show, upon full presentation <3f the Complaint, for mal permission M’as granted to iile the bill; nor M’as she afterwards dis missed the Court, unredreased on the ground that she lacke that status. After argument the bill was dis missed because in it there was alleg ed neither interference, nor the threat I of interference, M’ith her property , whicli the Court held was necessarv 1 to make a case for their sublime con sideration. Nothing so far, had been disturbed, or threatened, save the j modest, though peculiar, priceless; diadem of her reserved sovereighty, (in Radical estimation a paltry bail- * ble), of which that elevated Tribunal could not condescend to take cogni- 1 zance. The deep humiliation which then pervaded the entire mass of a proud people—proud in their historical re-1 mimscenees, and their consciousness . of thorough recitude of intention, and ; of conduct, M’ill be long remembered. I Their final submission M’asas truthful < and unqualified as their resistance land ■ been honest, open, and heroic. :**’ [ But that humiliation was intensified ! in the person of their Exeeutive, forc ed as he was by circumstances, into daily contact with the insolence of an • intruded Ruler, trained to arbitrary military command, unfamiliar with civil government, and rendered giddy by his unwonted eminence. Had I yielded to the promptings of personal feeling, I would at once have escaped the pain of this unprecedented subor dination by resigning the office. But knowing that the position would ena j ble me to keep open to our people, a ! channel of communication with the i Chief Magistrate of the Union (who was a reluctant agent in their cru sade against liberty) and might thus in some degree, alleviate their sufferings, I resolved to re main in it, yielding all questions of mere policy, but maintaining princi ple, to the extent of my power, and falling (if fall I must) in its defense. 1 was powerless to prevent the remov al of faithful officers, of the judicial department, or the appointment of j others to till their places, or to arrest the latter, in the unauthorized exer | cist' ot their ill-gotten offices; but I declined to pay them the salaries ap- I preprinted to officers constitutionally appointed and commissioned. This alone would probably have induced my removal; but an occasion of greater moment soon after occurred. The Congress of the United States, by their nefarious reconstruction acts, had provided for the assemblage of a Convention, at Atlanta, to frame a Constitution for the State in lieu of that adopted in 1865, after the close of the war. The latter was confessedly Republican in character—acknowl edged as the supreme law of the I .State, the Constitution of the United ! States and all acts of Congress in con- 1 formity therewith—had received the j President’s approval, and under it the ! existing State Government had been j organized. The Congressional act which called ! the Convention of 1867 and 1868 to-j getlier, provided for defraying their < expenses, only by authorizing them to levy a tax for that purpose. The body, finding themselves unprovided ! with subsistence, and incapable ofi feeding upon their patriotism until relei ved by the slow process of taxa tion, experimented upon the credit of the State, which, though always previously a resource in emergenciec, failed to attract capital when tam pered with by them. In thisextremity, they turned their longing eyes upon the Treasury of the State. Whether originally prompted or only encouraged by the military Dictator, they passed a resolution re quiring the Treasurer of the State to pay to their financial agent the sum of forty thousand dollars, for the pres ent use of the Convention. This reso lution (being only an entering wedge) was approved by General Pope, under whose broad shadow they held their daily sittings; and armed with this high authority, the agent designated repaired to Milledgeville, and made formal demand of the money upon Colonel John Jones, State Treasurer. CONCLUDED ON SECOND PAGE. LAW SHE & HAYNES, ATLANTA. GA. 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Those who art unacquainted with ita was derful operation upon the system will tad it a certain remedy in all Diseesea of the Kidneys, Bladder and Urinary Orgeat. Ik is very useful in Rheumatism, l.tvar Cess plaint, Ague-Cake Dysentery and etbw complaints. It warms the stomach and bowels; curea Colic and Obstruetiene es the Breast; sustains exooaeive labor of bath bo dy and mind; cures the Piles, promotss the Appetite, assists Digestion; prevents an. pleasant dreams and friglata: strengthens (ha cures Nervous, Astbmetieal and Hysterical Affections; remove# all the dis orders of weaknes and debility; purifies the Blood; cures Neuralgia and Dispcpsia. to gether with most Diseases petuliar te {fe males. Old and young, malt au J female, have bean greatly benefitted by its use. as hundreds a. letters from all parts of tbs United -Siaim will certify. Let those who art unae quainted with McCcTcunoa's “Cherokee la dlan Bitters,” before saying this m tee much, try a bottle, aud all who do se vHI unite iu testifying that tbs half has aol beam told. Chtrokt* Indian Bitttri possesses an ener gy which aeernt to communioat# new life te the system, and renovate the feeble, fainting powers of nature. Its operation upon iha tissues of the body does not consist in affeoA ing the irritability of the living fibre, but in itnpartmy a sound aud kcalikg stimulus ts the Vital Or gam. It strengthens substantially aad durably the living powers of the animal maohina; la entirely innocent and harmless; may be ad ministered with impunity toboth sexes, aad all conditions of life. There is no disease of any name or am turo, whether of young or old, mala or fe male, but that it is proper to admia : stsr U, and if it bs done seasonably and persever ingly it will have a good effect It ia per fectly incredible to those unacquainted with the Bitters, the facility with which a heal thy action is often in the worst cess restsr ed to the exhausted organs of ths STsran | with a degree of animation aud daaira for food, which is perfectly astonishing to all who perceive it. Thi« Medicine purifies tho blood, restores the tonic power of the fibres, and of the stomach and digestive ergeao; rouses the animal spirits, and substantially fortifies and reanimates ths brskea dawn constitutions of mankind. w Indians are ths most bnslthy of ths human race. They take an sbundaee of physical exercise, breathe purs air, and live aa sim ple diet. When sick, they use ns mineral poisons, but select roots, herbs, and plants “from the great drug store of their Cr*e tor.” McCutchcox’s “ Chxkokxs Ixdiax Bittkb.B ” is a combination of these vegeta ble substances which render it entirely in nocent to the constitution of ths meet deli cate male or female. The wonderful power which these “ Bitters ” arc kaown te pos sess in curing diseases, evinces ta the world that it is without a parallel in the hlstary of medicine, and afford additional evidence that the great benefactors of the country sre not always found in ths temples of wealth nor the mazy walks of soianee, but among the hardy sons of Nature, whose original, untutored minds, unshackled by ths fsnlg of science, are left fret ta pursue the die tatos of reason, truth and oemmen sense. Sines the introduction es thie ram ady Be o the United State*, theuaeuda have heefc raised from beds es affliction whose lives were despaired of hy tbair physicians and pronounced beyond the rcaeh es modieine McCuteheon'c “ Cherokee Bitter*" ha driven the most popular medicines sf every name, like chaff before the whirlwind, Areas every city, town and village where it hap been introduced, and is dastiasd srs leaf te convince the world that the red man’s rem edies are the whit* man'a ehoiee. Far dis eases peculiar to the female asx there hi nothing better. Old and young, mala and female, have all been greatly benefitted hy its use. Hundreds of certificates, frem ail parts of ths United States, which are enti tled to the fullest confidence, speak sf it ia the most favorable manner. These Are ns only from persons whe hsvs bean cured hy it, but also from some af the mast eminent physicians and druggist whe bare sneoeae fully tested it in their pr action, aad veins larily offer their testimonials, in its fares For sal# by ail Dealers. Special Non os. — Mershaatajand drug gists doing business at a distance from the railroad, when ordering fiay *• Cherekae In dian Bitters,” will please stats the depet te which they hare their good* shipped, hy so doing, I can sometimes supply sheer wants much earlier. Address all orders te X. X. MuCUTCSBQ *, - • * Jy. .’T-; Marietta, 9a. Whe alone in authorised U manufacture - * ■ the original aad genuine eel 26— ly