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R. ELLIS & CO., Proprietors. oluuie XIV. COLI'MBI S, TIKSDAT, APRIL ft, IV'U. Fret Trade and D1 reel Taxw The doctrine of free trade is dear to us as South ern wen and as inemtara of the Deuiooratte par ty, which ha* always been its tturdy advocate, •nd we are not disposed to yield to auy mail, or clique, or faction, or party, this fundamental dogma of democratic faith. It is declared in the Mb article of the Democratic Platform “that it is the duty of every hruuch of the Government to euforce und practice the most rigid economy in conducting our public affairs, and that no more revenue ought to be raised than is requirt'd to de fray the necessary expenses ufibe Government ;*’ and in the 4th article it is declared “that justice And sound policy forbid the Federal Government if> foster cue hruuch of industry to the detriment of any other, or to cherish the interest#of one por tion to the iojury of another portion or our com mon country.” f irry out these sound principles and the trade of the country will be as free as it can be, cuusis tonily with the efficient action of the Federal Government. Taxes'of all kinds are a burthen upon trade. If laid upou imports, they interfere with trade by disabling the importer; if laid di rectly upon the citizen, they interfere with trade by disabling the importer's customers. We have, therefore, no controversy with any i man or party on the subject of free tfade. We t are its rcalous and uncompromising advocate at I all times and against ail opporer*. The controversy between the Democratic party ! and the portt/ of free trail*- und direct taxation, is j confined to the relative merits of two modes of collecting the revenue of the Federal Govern ment ; the oue by direct taxation, the other by duties on imports We prefer the latter inode and shall proceed to set forth the grounds of our preference. Article 1. Sec. 8, Constitution of the United States gives to Congress “power to lay and col lect taxes, duties, imports and excises, * * * but all duties, imports and excise* shall be uni form throughout the. tinted States.” Art. 2.B’C. 2. Constitution of the United States | directs that Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the suvural Stales, * * * according to their respective num bers, which shall la? determined by adding to the whole number of froe persons, including those bound to service for a term of years, and exclud ing Indians not taxed, three jiftke of all other jwniuiw. Art. 1, See. 9. of the Constitution of the United States directs that no capitation or other direct tax shall be laid uuloss in proportion to the census 1 or enumeration herein before directed to be taken ! and that no tax or duty shall be laid uu articles exported from uny State. Under these provisions of the constitution Con gross derives its power to lay and collect taxes subject to the restrictions uud limitations therein contained. Whether taxes arc direct or indirect, j Congress has power to assess them, aud to collect them by its own officers. When revenue is u>l~ | leetct indirectly, or by duties on imports, the cus tom house officers at the sea ports, appointed by the President, receive the money from the impor ter of foreign goods. When revenue is collected directly, or by direct taxation, tax collector*, ap pointed by the President, receive the money di rectly from the citizen, and in default of payment. . would have the right to issue execution and sell property to compel payment. The army oftedo f ral office holders would be as great, under one ! system of taxation as the other ; with this differ- j once, that in the 000 oast: they are coulinod to ! port* of entry aud have only a local influence ; while in the other case they would spread over the j face of the country, and visit evory man'* door.— In this respect the sy stem of indirect taxation tun largely the advautage over the system of direct taxation, ns it limits the influcuee of the federal j office holders to circumscribed localities. Again: By the Constitution. Congress is com 1 polled to observe a uniform rule in the collection | and imposition of “duties, imports and excises/’ No such restriction exists as respects direct tuxes. They to ay or may not be uniform, in thu discre tion of Congress, as will be soon by reference to Article I. Sec. 8. above quoted. Again : in the imposition of direct taxes, the property of the citizen* of the Northern States is j not taken into the estimate in apportioning tuxes j among the St vie* ; while it is a very important ] element in swelling the relative proportion the citizens of thdeSouthcio States have to pay. As for instance. white population of the United States iMt0,000,090, aud that the revenue tolas raised by direct tuxutiou is SM),OMU r OU9. A northern Stale having a million of white inhabi tant* would have to pay only f2,t)tM>.ooo ; while a southern Slate having a million of white in habitants and a million of slaves, would have to pay $2,000,909 in taxes lor her white in habitants and ;;-.tbs of $2,000,000 for her slave*. Now these slave* are property, bought with looney, as much *o a* the ships and manufactories of the northern man, and ye*, by the constitution they are to be counted aud made the basis of direct taxation, while the ship* aud manufactories oftta northern man are not couuted. is it not clear then that under the system of direct taxation the .South would pay more than her share of the ex pense* of the Government ? This view of this interesting subject hue been over-looked by the advocate* of direct taxation. It is worthy of serious investigation. Let us il lust rate still further Tan northern nieu and leu southern iuen form two companies and commuuiv husines*. The northern company accumulate a million of dollars and invest it in town property, manufactories, and ships. The Biirtn-*a eompu fiy. also accumulate a million of dollars aud iuvest It in slaves. Koch company is worth a million of dollars and ought to pay taxes on that amount.— Thi is justice, lint if the system of direct taxes prescribed in the constitution were applied to them, bow would it work? Kacli company would I be required to pay equully for the ton white men comporting each 11 rm ; hut the Southern company ! Would be tuxed iu addition for the slave* they j owned, counting live slaves as three while men. it will thus be •ecu that the ft out h would gam nothing Ly resorting to direct taxation uidet* there is some inherent evil in the tariff system which presses sorely upon her industry. learn, that on Tuesday night the room of a young gentleman in Beall wood was en tered, whilo it.< occupant wuh iu the city attend ing the Piocoloinini concert. The thief took away a large amount oiool thing and a shot gun. Murk* of a hare foot, eleven inches in length, were dis covered about the premises. Probably this rob bory was committed by the same person who broke iu to Clapp’s laetory,— Enquirer uj yteter *y. _ A Just Tribute. The Auburn Signal thus alludes to the Editor of the Eni/nirtur of this city, 10-wit; “now wc are sorry wc don't know this man Martin, except as a nio/d indefatigable, keen-scented aud pestilent apposition Editor—but we hazard nothing in say ing that there remains iu his heart despite the ravages of “Sam,” a rich placer of all that “re fined gold” which make* a perfected yantUman aud which neither wealth nor titles cun “gild,” This tribute is duo the courtesy and justice of the Eh fairer towards its opponents, while battling for its own principles with sccl and ability. During a recent steamboat trip down the Ohio, the berths became so scarce that a tall Vermont Yankee let hi at two dollar* per nigh; and siopt mil by day. ii li it ii c Ijf PI i* li In ‘i'#t)iii^'i£ €l§ |i/ 11: ) 11 111 ! P 111 ]U| nS tv-IS Hi * 11’ 11 1 11 IRUfblßii V \y “ t ffl lII® Hi # /WW tls ® ™ From Washington. Correspondence of the Journal if Commerce. Was bin or ox, March 31. Front all that can bo learned it i* not unsafe to say that if the statement* rvlutive to Sir William Gore onsfby*s alleged action in Nicaragua is ♦He reof, he has v lot At off not only his own instruc tions but the solemn understanding between the British government aud that of the United States. If the facts areas stated, tin* President will, it is said, notwithstanding the the rfefaaa! of t’engross t** grant him extraordinary powers to protect the I right-and properly of citizen* of the United i Stales, exact u conformity with whatever way have been the stipulations between the two gov ernment* respecting Onselcy’s mission. The recent outrage t> the vessels of the Atlan tic and Pacific Steamship Company was to-duy brought to the attention of the Government offi cials. who are reported to have said that the pro perty of American citizens shall and will be pro tested. The prospects now are. that additional vessels will be dispatched to Nicaragua. Despatches from tho Commander of the flag ship Merrimae. dated “Harbor of Realjo, Febru ary 28th” say, there is reason to -believe that the recent cruise oftbe Dueuior in the Gulf of Fuu sc-u has been productive of results highly taliufi oinl to the interests of our country’ in that quar ter. Tho object of flic Decatur in going to Suu Juan Del Pur waste protect the passengers of the steamship Herman, which was expected to arrive there early in .March, aud tho presence of one of the vessofsjof the squadron being indispensa ble, she had been cruising in pursance of order*, to ineereopt filibusters. At La Union the Deca tur was -said to be the first.. Uni led Plates vessel which had entered the port. She wu* visited Ly the Governor of the Department as well as by other officials. The first salute ever received bv the flag of Stni Salvador was from the Decatur, which was enthusiastically received by all classes of people. Congratulatory addresses were iutoi ••haugouby the Comuioudante of La Union and Commander Thatcher, yjjfijjiics of which have been been received by the Navy Department. • from distinguished sources in Paris ami London ox pres* the confident belief, that there will be no war, there being u prospect of acoturuo datiug the differences now existing. A rumor prevails, that Pen or Mata, Minister of the Jaurez Government, who left lien* a short time ago tor the South, has iteen invited to iinmc diately return to Washington, but the report iad* nled. 11 is reported in reliable quarters, that our Go vernment will not take further action relative to ■ either Government in Mexico, until it. shall have hoard from Minister McLanc. Ran. Runnels has received his commission as Consul to Pan Juan Del Par. Col. Seaton, celebrated, with a few friends, last night, his golden wedding, having been married fifty years, and tor about that period connected with the National Intelligencer. Iniksmauism Co.NKKssKn.~-- The Vicksburg True Southron of the 2“tb, bus the following: Our readers will remember that we puhlt*hc<l from the l*ort Gibson Reveille, within the last tew days, au account of the burning of the house ot Mr. Sheffield, at Linden, Copiah county. Wc also also noted, from the same paper, an affray wfiich subsequently occurred in Port Gibson, in which a young man named Dunbar was shot.—- The wounded man, believing that he win- dying, bus confessed that his was the incendiary hand that laid iu ruin and ashes what it had taken Mr. Sheffield years to acquire. Our F correspondent does uot say whether Mr. Duuhur confessed a mo tive for this atrocious and daring crime. )l<<w truly is the .saying exemplified in this case thut “conscience makes cquauleof us all.” A Man Rkvoavixu ix a Stkamboat Whkkl. —On Saturday morning n man. name unknown, wax driven from the shore near Albany in it boat, by the severe gale without oars. He was pad dling along with n piece of board which he found in the boat ns the steamboat Eagle was making her downard trip. The pilot, Mr. Hunter, did not see tho unfortunate nmn. and the boat drifted directly under one of the paddle-wheels of tho Eagle, which broke it to pieces. To save himself the uiun eiuug to oue of the paddles of the wheel and was carried up .the wheel-house, where he was badly hurt before his cries were heard. Tim boat was immediately stopped, and the poor fed low rescued from his bond 1 position. Ho was yery seriously, though it is hoped not fatally in jured. lie wax .sentback to Albany for medical at ,l—Portland Argun. ftKXSiJti.it Wuuns- -It i* a lamentable fact,miya the Montgomery Adveriieer, that business nun generally do not know- —oral least do not fully appreciate the benefits to bo derived from exten sive advt nr tiring. Many parsons seem to consider money paid to newspapers lor tin* service a* an outlay yielding little or no profit iu return —al most as no much of their means thrown away. I There cannot be a greater error. We have yet J to see the first mail who, when tho question i* | fairly and honestly put to him, eau candidly an , swer that he has lost a farthing by adicrtisUig. There is not a paper, we cure not how x nut 11 its circulation, but possesses some degree of influence ] iu the community where it is published. There is i not an advertisement inserted in the most iusig- | niflennt journal hut will be read % somebody; anil the name of firm who insert* such advertisement becomes associated (along with his business, or profession, whatever it be; in the mind oftbe re dr, with the paper in which such advertisement appears. Fatai. Acchwht.—The V icksburg True South ron, of Sunday last, 27th instant, says: Wc regret to record a tad accident which oc curred in this county <*u Friday evening, aud which has resulted in the death ofa most estima ble citizen. About 4 o'clock, Friday evening,Mr. Janus A. Folkee, and his nephew Warren Bowls a young man aged about 19, were about starting off on a gunning excursion. Mr. Fowlkes had mounted his horse aud wo* uj the act of riding off. At this moment young Bolls, who was a few paces behind his uncle, sprung into his sad die. and as lie win bringing his gun up, it was accidentally exploded, lodging the entire Contents j n the back of Mr. Fdikes, between the spine uml right hip. lie lingered until noon, yesterday, when be .Mr. F. was in the prime of life, highly respected, uud loaves three children, now doubly orphaned, their mother having died about a veur since. Heavy Runs iv Misishii*pi—Ot k Mihhsii*i*i exchanges still lurnish notices of heavy rain*. Tho Uaulou Citizen, of the 2fith, say*: All this section of country, though not under water, is completely saturated with the watery element. The crop’s have been.retarded, wc sup pose, not less than • month by these continued heavy rains. _ A CiTiznn dTAMAKO. —Mr. Ham. Ukvm, a very worthy citizen of thin place, was stabbed in the neck about dark on Tuesday last, by Win. Rich ard*. The waind is a very severe, but not dan gerous one. /I'he difficulty oecured about a satlie lueol I nit ween the paruc*. The case was tried before Just lens Doiim a.v and McCaAin.and llich ard* was bound over in a bond of #SOO, to appear at our uoxt Superior Oonrt. Sumter Republican. ANTinoTK COM RttTTLKSNAKK Polho.S.— The Medical Journal says the following i* an infalli ble care for the puiwiti fa rattlesnake bite: Four grains oftbe iodate of potash; Two grains of corrosive sublimate; Five drachms of bromine: Mix together, and keof) tho mixture in a gla*- stoppered viol, welt s cured. iu drops of thi* mixture, diluted with a table spoonful of brandy, constitute a dose; the quanti ty to ta repeated, if neceaaury, according to the exigencies of the ease. W r cst Baton Rouge Sugar Planter, of tho 201 h, says: “Atwr unanticipated delays, caused by the late grinding of many ol our planters, we are at length • abided to sura up the sugar crop ol onr parish for the past year. The total number of hogs heads mode, amount to 21,010, which is the great est we hate, over made, surpassing the great yield oflhmi by 491 hogsheads. No allowance, ol courre, 4s made for ioi*s by fresnes sud early grinding, or, undoubtedly, we would have made ut loaat 25,999 hogsheads. An it is, our planters :ire all well pleased at the roauit. From tho re port of tho Aa.*sor. made last October, we learn that we have 17.618 acres ot land cultivated in cane, divided among about sixty sugar planter*, showing an excellent average yield; uud, will, nil things taken into consideration, wc think our parish may, with soma propriety, claim the honor of taing Use banner parish in the estate, for sugar making. Old Citixkxh Go.n*.—Tho Thomaavllle Enter price records the death of Lucian li. Raines and John Grovor, two of the oldest eitueas of Thorn* m eounty. THE UNION OF THE STATES, AND THE SOYKREIUNTY OF THE STATES. Mteslaalppl—Freshet. As many farmers in this part of the State owu lands near the Mississippi, subject to overflow in time of a freshet, we record the latest news, on the2Bth inst The river between Memphis and Uairu is out of its banks in many places, causing immense de struction of property: and many of the levee* washed aud swept away. In many places fami lies are compelled to live in flat-boats anchored ou their farm*, and their stock was suffering from standing iu the Water, ami want of total. Thajown of Napoleon is under water, a few points of*the levee in front are still above wa ter. Immense damage has been done above White River. The crops that have been damaged by the overflow, look promising. Milch of the land at present under water, will probably yet he plan - ted. Gotten, planted ns late a* the Ist of June, if the season is favorable, will yield ihroo-fourths of a crop. Boat* uiiw vuoouutoc great, difficulty in getting wood. ImiucMiHCquantities have been swupt away, or rendered until for immediate use. On the 30th ult: tho fiver was rising slowly both at Vicksburg and Hatou Rouge. At tho lat ter place only about one inch iu twenty four hours. The break m the levee at White's plantation, souic Um miles above Vicksburg, is doing great damage to the neighboring plantations. It is toured that all the plantations and improvements thereabouts will be washed away. Ft itTnt.n in itKUAitji to tiie Ohkv asse at i’ol. M’iutk's.—The Vicksburg (Miss.) True South ron, of tho.27th in§f., gives the folk wing addi tional intelligence in regard to the crevasse at Uol. White's plantation : The crevasse, about six miles above Vicksburg, 1 is hourly widening, and the water i* pouring through with increased volume and velocity, ear- j ryiug destruction and desolation to many a Imp less planter below. The qilaulalion where the break occurred will probably be trrevoubly ruin cd. The plantation of Cd. George W. Grove* i* already almost entirely iunundated, while about halt o! that of K H Burney, Esq., is also submerg ed. We hear of no efforts being made to stop the crevasse, nor do we believe that auy effort a could now cheek the advancing tide of tho maddened water-. Where tho dmuage is to stop no oue can foretell, hut wo fear that it will be most disas trous. The running of the curs on the Vicksburg, Shreveport and Texas Railroad has been suspen ded iu consequence of some six hundred yards of the road-bed having been washed away, and all intercourse between Richmond and this city is temporarily suspended. We learn, however, that Gl. Horne, the active superintendent of the road, will probably make arrangements, within a day 1 <>r so, for cuunuctiug with boats from this city with the curs at the point beyond the break. Mcamimat DlsaMurs Lot inviu.i.. March 2d. - The i.tcoiuboata Nat I Holmes and David Gibson, we learn, oatuc in col i lisioii near Aurora, aud both boats sank in five i minutes. Tin- Nat Holmes had a largo number of passim j gors, mostly emigrants to the Dike's Peak gold j mines. Many of them were lost. Only two of the crew of the David Gibson are reported to fie missing. M kmi>h:s, i\?arch 29. -A heavy storm took place here last night, which caused much destruction to property. The storm swept over a wide range of country and about thirty miles above here the steamboat Maria Denning was caught in it, -and her chim neys, pilot house and texus were blown Into the river. The boat floated down to this point this morn ing ; stopped fur temporary repairs, uud then proceeded oU her way up. Hlvrrt* and Hirantbuafs Lonsvir t.u., March 29.—The river at this point has (alien two feet. VlcKHBf no, March 29.—-The steamboat Cres cent City, passed hero at one o'clock, aud the Natchez at five o'clock, both op tlmir way to New Orleans, fl\ the Bhlizw Line Ship on Fire and Abandoned. BomiWKST l*A*s, March 29, 8:49, p. m.—The dftip Muuticcllo, t apt. Landcrkin, outward bound wont to sea fruui I’ftss ad’Outie, last Saturday, (n Sunday, at 2 o’clH'k. i’. M., when seventy mile* from the Busies, it was discovered that the vessel won on lire. Vigorous efforts were made to stop the progress of tho flames, but iu vain, und the officer* and crew were compelled to aban don the vessel at 3 o’clock, B. M. They landed safely yesterday, aud will proceed to the city. z/.lT'Tbe “Albany Batriot’* entered upon its fifteenth volume on the hist ult., when it made it* appearance iu an entire new suit. Tho “Batriot” is published al Alhuny, iu this State, at $2 per annum, by A. J. Macartby, Editor and Pro prietor, _ • Ma'L Robbkrv.—The Memphis Bulletin of the 2fdh instant says: AVe learn that a young man named Bracken, .-on of tho postmsMter at Holly Spring*, Mi**., and also a deputy iu the post office in that place, was arrested on Tuesday lust.by the United .State* Marshal, eharged with having robbed the mail, whilo acting in his official capacity. After an examination before the proper tribunal, he was aeut on forfurther trial, tho evidence beingaguinst him. U pon application he was admitted to bail, with heavy security for bis appearance at the Criminal Court. 1 ohcnhr Power of Public Plunder This is a favorite expression with the opposi* lion a* applied to the Demoem- y. Wo do not deny tha’ the Democrats love the spoils—the loaves and fishes have much to do with their hold ing together. But if the thousand and one fac tions composing the opposition can bo brought to gether by the more suiell of public plunder -with ont onw point of agreement, but hatred of Democ racy, they ought not to complain. —A meric ms, South- Weetern AVtr*. Fitrnorriliiar) llutl*Ntorm al ViDrtie/. The Natchez Courier, of thu 20th instant, The severest hail storm ever known in this vi cinity passed over Natchez yesterday evening, between live and six o'clock. Fortunately, it wa* unaccompanied with wind, and was but of sottia fifteen minutes’ duration : but during thut time it re'etuhied more a pelting of ieu bulls thu.. a fall „f hail. The Ice literally came In solid chunk*, sometime* aval in shape, hut generally circular. But few pieces fell that were not of the sixe of a Ik-ii egg, while many were picked up as largo a* a goose or turkey egg. Smc that wc saw a hull J hour after they had fallen, during a part of which time the\ had boon bandied, measured six inches in circumference. We saw several at least three inches >u diameter the large-t way, aud two aud three ouartvr inches the shorter axis. It wn* ccrtulnfy the molt extruordinury full of huil we ever witnessed, and must have done great damage to the tender fruit aud vegetables in the gardens near our city. I’fiGMi'ulA nml t.enrgla Ktiilroad. The directors of this road were in session on Monday last. We uml* rstand that a resolution wu* adopted calling n meeting of the stockholders ou the 2d Monday iu May to act upon tho Amend ment* to the charter in ado at the lust sessiou of the Legislature* A coinmittc was likewise ap pointed to visit the proposed terminus, in the vi cinity of James Island. The oommittou Is com posed of President Houston, D. W. Gwynn, 0. A. Chuires, E. E. Biackburu, and Smith Simpkins, Klql. The resignation of L. W. Du Bo is, Kop. as Chief Engineer of the Company, was received and accepted, und James L. Randolph, Esq., late of the Blue Itidge Road, elected in bin place.—Flor idian, Senator Yuloe, who has been quite ill since the •djourement of Congress, w aro glad to slate, is now convalescent. Ou Moduy, sayt the Wash ington Union, for tho first time sinoe his attack, he has ventured to ride out. Dvring a portion of bis illness, he is raid to have boon so low m to ex* cite ssriuui apprahtniioni. COLUMBUS, GEORGIA. MONDAV, APRIL 11, 1859. (OtnilH fi. WKDXKMI.IT. APRIL i\, IS.A9. The Drwofratlr Parly mid the fimith The demoeratie |wrty is now tho only organ last- j ties which enjoys the proud distinction of being a national party and who an ling Iwars tho em blem of tho Republic in au unbroken galaxy of stum. The South is not insensible to its claims, but has shown an appreciation of its chivalry and dovotodnoss in tho cause of her constitutional ! right* ami responded to its past fidelity iu a spirit of characteristic generosity. Still, it must bo re membered that it is only a political party and its j sphere of usefulness and its line of policy limited a* suoh. The South has a duly to perform with which she alone ia entreated, hi* her inissiou to purify the dementi of tho democratic party—to j strenghteu and elevate herself in the Union to strike off tho shackles Os inequality— to keep up ward with the advance of tho North in every path of progress in all the various branches of a coun try's prosperity, Fo do i|iia, it is uot necessary W bo placed iu antagonism with the fundamental . principles of the democratic party. The South ; accomplishes it by a lino of policy peculiarly her own—not opposed, but auxiliary to democratic championship; not aggressive; but clearly within i the terms o! the Constitution. She must not re pose upon the laurels of tho Democratic party and rely too securely upon its aid in every emer gency. Being apolitical organization —powerful in number*—swallowing up, like Aaron's rod, the conservative element* of other parties—lt, never theless, cau >nly protect, as long as it may. her constitutional and guaranteed right*. While tho then should cultivate by all honorable means an alliance with the Democratic party, let her demand that thu Union bo maintained on the | substantial basis of equal advantage* a* well a* on an empty theory of equal rights. Let hereulti- j : vale a were enlarged aud generous tiiith in tho | patriotism of all her people—let her devise such Constitutional remedies and such modes of houo- i ruble rivalry with tho North, ns she can, to de velop her strength, to restore her auoieut pre*tigH and to secure that prosperity to which abe is j entitled u* a part of this grout uud growing couu- j Chalked llats.” The Atlanta Amorirau regards our comments , upon the word “old ereed” us endorsing the \ charges made against the iiiuuugciuvnt of the ; State roud under Gov. Johnson's administration. That paper will not willingly misrepresent u*.— I The criticism of the Timm was upon the woril “old creed” introduced into the anti-Brown meet- j ing, the siguiticiiney of which, wu* a mystery to i all outsiders. Wo jestingly snid, it might be “fliallcil hate No reflection intended iu this allusion to any portion of the Democracy. Our eotempornry will do us the kiiidnes to place us right before it* readers. It. T Marlin, Ivtq. The Atlanta Jntt/lii/tnver referring to the tal ented gentleman, whose name appears above, tho ! Reporter for the £>ujp-cine Court, says: “Wc have huen informed that he is a native of South Carotinu, aud partakes of the chivalrous ! spirit of that noble State. He is a relative of Judgo Benuuig (none the worse tor that) and is between Jo and 49 year* of ugc.iieuppuura to be a modest, unassuming utuu, polite, affable mid courteous in hia deportment towards all uieu. 11 v: has discharged the duties of hi* office, ao tar aa we have boeu able to know, iu a manner high ly becoming to him, and hmcflciul to tho coun try. His office is ouo of grout importance. It is his duty to report tho decisions of the .Supremo Court, in which arc involved the rights of the | people of Georgia, personally and pecuniarily.” Bahrain and Bakk. —The Dalton Times says that there was no bargain and sale agreed upon by *i'mo distinguished gentlemen: iu that city, l some time since. PiltyTho Coy loti Time* elates that rice has ris- ! eii to au excessive price in all part* of the island, and in thu Northern districts is Orders were mail by t lt graph to C'ah-utlA to for ward some, cargos, but the telegraphic disputchje* ; were sent to Calicut. One firm, it ia said, hue lit -Ar’ n <n ii <>ur thiriy messages in this fashion. etc we m Itouse fatal Accident. Mr, James B. Foley. Proprietor of the fierivt . House, Savannah, was thrown from his hugg,.s|ii,*, on Bay Struct, ou tho 4th iust, and died from tl VVl^" e injuries received. The A’c/e *>*: sis, “The horses uttul'bod to his vehicle tookfrighA while passing the Exchange, uud hucoiniug uity* iiiauugeable, durttaU ofi ala furious rate, kcepm'dj&nd the open Btreet until- they reached the corner 1 j* 1 Whitaker street, where they took the pavnnonry While passing over au open cellar door one wbeei of the boggy was torn “If, cunting the vehicle “'(sR. such a manner us fi* throw Mr. Foley upon •hg_ paveiueiil. lie wa* couveyed to hi* house when j |( / lie expired iu about two hour* alter the accident. ,t„ y \ IVsrcfnl Departurr “Once, on a pleasant summer’* day, after uo wasting or weakening, or dependence, when her ; tune came, her lifo went out us uotar i* lost iu the day. She laid herself down at evening, sent quietly , for the Minister; joined with her vote© in the j prayers; (while the otherchrintian* breathed soft- i lv by her bedside,) once opened her eyes upward, saying through the stillness. “Yes!” as if in ans wer, turned partly with a bright smile, to her friend*, then shut the lids down softly for the last time, and so, with a fair veil of smile hung over the dead features, left hor body there to lx- put away, until it shall ta ruined in new beauty, to walk upon the New Earth.” K.vim i.mio.v or tiik Jkhi its miiom Bt KNOM Avnkn. I’ inter date of January JO, wo learn the 1 grounds given for the expulsion of the Jesuits from | Buenos Ayres: “They were the prostitution of the priestly I character by the inculcation of impious and sub- I \ ersivc doctrines, und by encouraging young women to take ntws, iu order to gain their prop- \ i rty. The Superior oftbe Mission, Father Sato, ) with one companion, hud already luit for Santa j • alharinu. The others proposed to take pd'ngc at the Spanish l.cgAtion, but the Charge declined i to receive them on the plea that the Order was ‘ also excluded from Spam. The decree of expul- j sioti wa* dated Jan. 26/ , A boarding Miss, deeming “cat” s word , too vulgar for refined ears, defines it thus : “To insert nutrition* pabulum into tho ventricu lated orifice below the na-al proturbcrance, which, being masticated, peregrinate through the certi lagn u/pif cavities of the luruyx, und is finally i <loiuiot!iated in tho recuptieale for digestible par- * tides/’ ■■*— Hit Still.—An exchange says: In a public Hcbooliu New s short time i siiioa on an alarm oflire, a terribly panic ensued . and many of the adiolur* were injured by rushing to the doors, and on# of the teachers u young lady, Jumped from a window. Among hundreds | of children, with whom the building was crowded was one girl, among the tast in the school, who, . through nil the frightful scene maintained entire ‘ comporturc. The odor indeed forsook (her cheek. Her .lip quivered. The tear* stood in bur eye*, hut *hc moved not. After order bud bean restor ed, un Iffier companions bad been brought hack i to their place*, the question was asked hor how , the name to sit so still, without upparent alarm, w hen everybody ole; was in such a fright. “My (ut her/’ said she, “is a fireman, and lie told me if there was an alarm of fire In tho school, I must just *U still/’ _ Wahhinotom, April 1. J* understood here to-day that Mr. Pr/or re mains editor oftbe States; that paper having been plaeed on a perm slant foundation. It will hence forward act as tbe organ of thu Democratic* party, irrespective of the views of tbe President and the Duty Union. Napidcou’H Lrtter toHlr Francß Head. I Sir Eranti Head has recently addressed some : letters to the Louduu Times, defending tho char acter and policy of the present Kuipuror of the French. The letters 4Sir Francis afterwards submit n and fur hi* majesty's perusal. Napolten not oidy_deig|n dto read them, but sent the au thor a letter iff reply, so full of “calm, uiaguani i molts M>ntfuin|U towards Euglund,” that 1 Prafifllf eannoi refrain froin setting it before tho world. It was us follows; “l’Ai ack of the Trii.KuiKS. March 1. i ”A/it l>ear Sir fritm-i*:— l thank you for hav ing collected together, iu order to solid them di rect to me, the different article* which you have inserted in the English Journal*, for you thus i give mean opportunity of expressing to yon all ’ my gratitude tor the sentiments ot which you ! have not feared the spontaneous manifottioii iu my favor. 1 have seau in them, uud 1 am much touched by it. a now proof that my old friends in England have uot. forgot ton me, und that they know how much 1 alwavs preserve for tho Eng i lish people the esteem uud sympathy which 1 felt I during my exile in the midst of them.’ “Even iu writing to you to-day, Idoteot myself j in recollecting a* u happy time the epoch when, j prescribed, l saw you in England. It is thut, iu changing one's destiny, one only changes his joy* j and sorrow*. Formerly the affliction* of exile alone Appeared to tue; to-day 1 see plainly the cures ot | -wor. and one of the greatest of them around me is, without doubt, to find oiiu'w .-ell misunderstood and misjudged by those whoinoue values tin most, and with whom one desires to live on g< od term*. I \ ii-e enhonte itrtellij/r.Hre.] Thus (oin*t) 1 consider it very natural that the partus whom it has been my duty to oppose and rupiv-s should bear me ill-will, und should seek the mean* to injure me; hut that the eug lish, of whom I tfavc ulwuys been the most voted mid the most faithful ally, should attack me inoeasaully in the journal* in the most un worthy and the most unjust mauncr, i* wlmt 1 cannot comprehend; for in truth(/e bonnefoi)l cannot discover any interest they can Wave iu ex i citing tin public mind against France. If in my own country, 1 chose to u<-t in this manner, il 1 would be impossible for me afterwards to restrain the posHou* wliivdi I should have let loose (</> j r/minter) “1 have ulway* enter!alued a great admiration | for the liberties of the English people! but 1 re ; grot deeply thut liberty, like all good thing*, j .-hoviM also have its exceas. Why ia il that, in | stnul of making (ruth known, it uses every effort j to ohacurc it? Why is it that instead of eneour | agiug aud developing gcuerouH aenlimcntx, it pro ■ pagutea mistrust aud hatred? “I am happy, than, among alt these matiom ! vro* of falsehood, (inensouage,) to lmvo found a I defender, who guided by the sole love of truth, ; ha*not hesitated euergetioally to oppose t<* them i hi* loyal und disinterested voice. “Believe, my dear Fruneia, in my sentiments of friendship. “N A POLKON.” The flu} ton Rulwer Treaty Washington, April 1. The Union bus uu apparently semi-official ar ticle on the Clayton-Bulwer treaty, saying : The President has never changed hi* policy concerning it; tin- American construction will be substantially carried into effect • the Mosquito protectorate and the Buy island* will no doubt, be surrendered by Great Britain to Nicaragua and Honduras respectively ; the substance of Sir Win. Gore Outwluy’s instructions has been communi cated to this government only through Lord Na pier, und the government ha* full faith iu the loy . ally of the British government; and that if riir | Gore Ousuley has exceeded his instructions in any particular, he will, no doubt be culled to rigid au -1 count. The UuHhlngion state*. From Mexico. i The U. S. hloop-of-war fciuimoga, frein Veru i Cruz, arrives! Ht Pensacola on the 25th ult., hav ing left Vera Cruz on the 12th. She loft ut Vera Cruz the United State* sloop-of-war Sin annuli, i two Spanish, four French aud four English inen of war. The rumor* in relation to the internal war pre -1 vailing iu Mexico are so conflicting that it seem* iiujHJfcsible to | ‘ace an j relbuico in any of them. It ! j* gfj,!,-Ti.tl) o< ic<led that Gcu. Miruuion hits iuo( j with dot Oats, and that his forces are not I within striking distance of Vera Cruz. lie in re ported to In! collecting force* at Ori/üba. The pcuple-l’ Vera Cruz appear confident of | victory iu any mutest with Miromou. The Suratcjn takes in stores at Pensacola, und ,wLu % Vora to relieve j dilh rent kind* and qualities, at usual prices. • , HULL, Ditto dc 00, I HOI.TIXU CLOTHS. The usual variety of Numbers of the iiblST \ QUALITY imported. HULL, DU E A CO. ALSO, A l*rg’ variety of uUior article*, suitable lor Plauieia >lid iituan ir*’ use. Haviug a remitwui ‘ i Uaruvt/n .hw lorfc, w can oUcr uiauceuicuin 1 j 4> purcU.HKn* equal Vo auy Unu*o 111 Iks bouili, 111 LL, I>UU dfc CO. j ColiunxiK Gu. Mail n 17. dwu. “•> . a UAIiNABU 4 UU., Wo announce Ivory briefly, m mrr • . 9 edition of } < -tei dni, the destruction of the *teaui boat. Auguala, by lire, ou the Hnvunuuh River, 1 about forty tuHe* below this city. . The Augusta left here ut half-past i o’clock •*n Friday cv-hing last, und wa* on her way 4<< I Havaiiush, wi|h a very valuuhle cargo, rouslsl iug of some Miteu hundred uud eighty bale* ot i cut Lou, five huidred and thirty-five barrels of flour Ia lot other article*. About II • •lock, p. iu., while luid up ut Kitglc Point, lire wMfdwcovcped iu soma cotton in the lure part of tl a,boat. The progress of the fire wa* very rapid, mil the boat wa* soon enveloped iu flume*. Moil bf tbe hand* were asleep ut the ; time, and it wu* with great difficulty thut Ouptuin Fraser, or an/ of (hose ou bourd, could be saved: Mr. Henry Day, the first engineer, wu*drown ed, and throe negro men were also lost—two of ; them drowncu,Olid one, the cook, probably burn ■ ed. The negidas are Willis, belonging to t'apt. Eraser: Will iurucr, belonging to Dr. Turner: uud Win U'ullibauk, belonging to Mr. Au*h >y, all j of this city. The boat wSff*burnod to the wat*r’* edge, und with tho cargo,)* a total lore. We have been in* ! formed that t m cotton wa* insured—a portion in New York am a portion in Boston—and the flour I in thi* city ; i m there wu* uo iu*uruuc ou the I bout. j It may be proper to add that one of the negroes j mentioned ah< ve a* lost, wus drowned before tbe . fire commenc'd. 1 The origin • I this uufortunatc and uiclanchoty affair i* Ullkil’ WII. Till- Ar! dim Movement In New fork i There is a i matt ofa great Cuban fllUbsMtoriog | expedition on foot in this city, but who can tell : ii* that it i* inin> than a rumor/ Neither can ! any one say p wilivvly thut il is will:out founda f tion’ “he oil; abound* with soldier* of fortune, who would un lei take, for a consideration, to in vade the Moon, if they could get there. The oh j surdity of tha prqjaot has nothing to do with tho ! probability that it i* seriously wutertuiued. Thu I city ia under no official apisonage. Then* are no | cunning spias hum, a* in Franco, who ferret out conspiracies in durk corner* and report them to i the Government, which crushes them in the bud. Midnight com wc* might be held every night in | every wurd; rivenlv thousand men might be en j rolled, a million of dollar* might ho subscribed tor tho capture of Cabo,—aud. a* long s* the parties interested kept their own secret, who would ta the wiser ? It ri iinpoasihlo to disprove this sort | ol rumor*, especially at a time when the forcible ’ acquisition of Cuba i* openly advocated in politi cal meetings and newspaper*. [.V. Y, Jour, of Cumin*roe. | D*Ao*'ratio (Joovsntiim in the Harri sonburg distric wet, probably, on tlm J9h ult., i J. T. Harris, ./Rockingham, it i* said, will be a candidate, whdher nominated by a convention or i n °k At a I'emocrutlc meeting held recently ! in Monroe, the following resolution was pass ed : KeeoUtod, That wo doom this an appropriate occasion tosxf'ess our entire aatiriaction iu the Executive fidelity and ability of Gov. Wise, and that we tender W bin our high appreciation of the many and valuable public services whieh has rendered to the dtate. fOl.l Mllls, THI KsllW, APRIL 7, IHBD. Mar Sardinia und Auxlrla The last despatches confirm the belief that wur is not inevitable in Europe. True, Lord Malmes bury has failed in his efforts to prevent a confla gration w Inch would not be limited to Daly, but it duos not augur that war will be the result. The Van, which the Piedmontese government wished .... jo ntract with a view to military operations, of an opportune moment for British in tor von ti uv V>r peace. Witliout justifying a loan on nc v the Ihrcuti-iiiug attitude\u*triu is sahl to have\uksiimcd on the Picdmontoau frontier the BritishtViliinet, uevcrtheletiH, believed, that Aus tria dioubl extend her hand to the Piedmontese govomptvnt. so a* to allow the parties to with draw lroop* from tho respective frontiers.— Austria, while appreciating this overture in behalf of peace uud order, protests that she entertain* any hostile project against Piedmont—that she abstain, despite the just grievances she might ad vance iu justification, from any aggressive action, so long as, on Its part, the Sardinian Government respocto tho inviolability of the imperial territory and that of its allies—that she will only draw the sword ill defence of inalienable rights. Sardinia, however, encouraged by the sympa thy aud aid of Frauce, protests with equal empha sis against tho prcpoude.ruliug influence which Austria exercise* in Italy beyond the limit* which treaties have assigned her. With this stale of af fairs, a Congress of peace has been called uu Ital ian affairs with favorable assurances of an umicit ble adjustment of existing difficulties. Overlooked fur Congress . In a few lines, written in ba*te, concerning the prospect* of the Democracy in tho 2d Congress ional District, a number of uaiue* were suggested, perhaps more uuworthy than others not mention ed, In connection with the position of ItupreaeM lativc. A correspondent to one of our city cx change*, from the county of Early, rebuke.* u* tor Hot alluding to the claims of the many gentle men in thut county, -‘who would like to have the office” and “who are belter iu every respect than those enumerated.” The correspondent says: “In tlic Weekly Times of the 2Hth ult., i* an editorial which l fully oiulur*e. so far as our late taithliil and vigilant Representative in Congress is concerned. Thu Democracy of Early are satis fied with the course of the Hon. Martin J. Craw ford, and will, with grout unanimity, east their suffrages for him again, should he be a candidate. But us tho editors of the Times have chowm to propose other muuc* in connection with that of fice, 1 deem it nothing but proper to mention a ftto from our county, win* would like to have it, und L doubt uot would give satisfaction to the poo |llu. ****•••* Wnerc are the men who have “borne the heat and burden of the day"—the old lino Democrat!- - the Sheffield*, the Bushes, the Browns, the Weft's, the Audrcws^tbs Stafford*, the Holmes, the Mer cers, the Robinsons, the MuLuws, the Swcarcn gin*, the Collier*, the Potter*, the Stampers, the Means, the Gays, the Currigans, tho Temples, the lliilchms, and a hundred others, who are far tat ter iu every respect than any ot those cuumcru t'd?” Death of Hopkins Holsc) Col. llopkiii! llolsoy died at Butler, Taylor county, ou the 31st ult. lie was one of the Representative* from Geor gia in ifi.'lrt, having taeu elected by the General Ticket system. He whs Editor of tho Southern /tanner, Athens, in 1552. lie whs Gi years old. HSfl-A scini-aiimml Dividend of five dollars per shaYu has boon declared by tho utock-holders of the Mechanics Bank at Augusta. A Dividend of four dollar* per share has been declared by the Union Bank at the same place. Skfc-Tho tax levy in Ibo city ot Baltimore, for tboyeer 1959, is one hundred cents on every bun- | dred dollar! worth of taxable property ; ninety j oeute-'U'f oitf purposes, and teu corns tor the use of tho, -tato. >1: M.vumitta Patriot, Mr. J. D. Lawrence Imposed of the Marietta (Ga.) I‘ntriot to Hh. H. A Grist and T I’ lJurge, under whose |pment i will be hereafter conducted. -I A B Grist atsuiuc* the editorial department I gjdria salutatory, announces his predilection I of the American parly. an* Muj< T. M. KurJow, of Amcrieuu, John M. Jer, of frooly, and Wni. A. Huriis, Esq., of ’ el are added to the uhiuc* spoken of for Con this Disrrict. They are worthy being (nod in this connection. tongre** Heron and IMatrlrt hum. Kditokh ; I ft signs of the times, ns men now discern them, indicate ihat the next few sessions of Con’ gresH will bo atoriiiy enough. The Soulk, already I in the minority, will he still weaker in point of numbers than at present. Her rights invaded, her strength diminishing, and her “|eciinnr in* stitution,” the object of detestation und abhorrence to a vast majority of the voters of the Union, it becomes her in choosing her Representatives, to select, such men as are distinguished among us for ability, will and fearlessness. It was under stood, at least by the writer, that our present Rep resentative for the 2nd District, about the time of the Inst Congressional Convention, expressed himself, as indifferent about a renominattoii. lie even at one time, I believe, declined it. Hewing, lately, a suggestion is one of the Albany papers relative to the appointment of delegatus to the Convention in the District soon to Ins held, 1 take the liberty of mentioning in this public manner the name of a gciitlcinau, who, it is well known, combines all the requisites necessary to meet the emergency of the time. The lion. John A. Jones during his public ca reer, has given incoutostiblo evidence both of his powers of mind and courage to meet such difficul ties and abolition array as must be faced by our friends in the trying times that are just before us. If it should be the pleasure of the Convention again to honor this end of the District, by the se lection from it of our banner-man, I thinkttbsa f there is no gentleman more worthy of thot post of dangerous eminence, nor better fitted by natural and acquired ability to defeud our rights, ad vance our interest and maintain the dignity aud integrity of his section. PUBBUUIBKR. I amp'id It o , Di unu rar). At a democratic meeting held in Campbell coun ty, over which Muj. L. li. Watts presided, reso. lot ions were adopted endorsing the adininist ra tion of Gov. Drown and recommending lion. L. J. liar trull for ru-eletiou to Congress. Rrunnwlck ami Florida Railroad. The Annual Mooting of the Htookholdcrs of this Company will be hold in the city of lSruns swick, Georgia, on Thursday, the 12th of May next. Cold WtiATNXl.—The last fbw days have been quite wintry—sufficiently so to make over coats aud ilrws agreeable companions The last two nights have been cold enough for frost. We are not aware of the Injury done young crops and fruit—if any. The himining state of the river indicates heavy rains in the up country. There woe a heavy frost in Atlanta on the 31st alt., which we are happy to learn, says the Amor* I can* 4U uo serious damage to vegetation. The former Fieri lon ot Judge t verson to the l’ S. Senate. Having been put ill possession by a reliable source, of the circumstances attending theeluctiun of Judge Iverson to the Scnato In 1553, we are satisfied that great iujusliceJms been done him by u Kiisiiinlerstiuidiiig of the facte, ouffikhe purt ot some, uml it misrepresentation of them by others, who are endeavoring t< create a prejudice m the public mind against thut gentleman. A brief re-* ►cßttl of the cireuinstuuei sos that election, will re lieve Judge Iverson of all blame or fault in the mind of evory impurtiiil niun, ami exalt him still j higher in the esteem and confidence of the poo- , pic. At the opening of the Legislative Session ol LSS3, there were* three candidates for the Senate, j to auccocd (Judge Dawson, whose term would expire in March 1855. Thonto candidates were tlovornor McDonald. Governor (Sddi, ami .fudge , Iverson—noorher Inafi was spoken of—Governor . Johnfion hud just boon alerted Governor oud ot j course was not, even thought of. A caucus of j Democratic members wa* determined ou and the j c&udidutos ngreed to submit their rlulhisto a cau- i eu* iiotuinutiou. It whs held, und Gov. Melton- . aid wus iioinnmtod, having stusivod u two third vote op the Jd or 4th l>olh>t. Cobb and Iverson submitted to the decision without u murmur, and both loft Milledguvillr tho next morning for tindr homes. Tho Democratic party had a sinaM mn jorlty iu both houses, uml (,'ov. MtDMsld’v dco- ! tion wa* oonaiUercil oortaiu; ncvorlheh *<, when | the election came on. *in a joint meeting of the | two bon so*, it was found that there was six or i seven Democrat* who did not and would not goto j I for the nominee. These gentleman were uot the fricuds of J udgo Ivor sou—on the contrary, Gov. f McDonald received m cry vote that had been east for Judge Iv-rson in the caucus, and so eoutinu- | ed to recoivc them throughout all the Loßoting*, , a* long as Gov. Cubb was the nominee of the par ty. The Democratic msmtara who rotiiacd to vote , for Gov. McDonald, w(-ie i|je original friend* ot , Gov. Cobb. No blame, wu believe, was ever ut taclied to Gov. Cobb for the conduct ot those gen- j tleiucu. We are satisfied that he acted in good faith, and on hut return to Milledgevilu, pending the balloting, ueed every exertion to induce these fricuds of hi* to withdraw their opposi lion to the , uoiuiueo, aud support him—but in vuiu—the pur tioa wereanhstiualo and unyielding. The Whig* steadily adhered to Judge Dawson, and Iho detec tion o| hix votes iu the Democratic rank* wh* suf ficient to prevent an electian. Feme twenty or : thirty hullotiugM look place, running through sev eral days, without * result. Wc have it from good authority. Unit duriug those balloting*. 1 Judge Ivcrsoil was appealed to by BOIUO of hi* , f riend* to allow hi* name to be brought forward, ! but be positively declined to do so, and wrote to u triend iu the Legislature expressing the hope that j Gov. Me Donald would finaly succeed, and urging upon (hi* friend toudhoKU to the c.uu-in- uumilia tioii to the last. Il wu* finally ascertained, how ever, lhat McDonald could not he elected, audul- j ter u vain struggle for more than u week, uuolher t j caucus of tho Democrat* wa* called by Gov. Me- 1 j Uonald'efrii ud*. and at their iu*tnne- , hi* noini- j nation wa* formally reciml. d.nwi the door thrown t open to all competitor!. The balloting* were re | suuicd in joint meeting without an. uiniaiiou— ! and nearly every prominent democrat iu thu state , j wu* brought forward aud run by the Democratic | party during nearly another week'a balloting.— ( : Cobb, \\ ard. C happell, McAlister—all were I tried, hut none could succkol. During all this time tho name of Judge Iverson was uot prcsuut j ed. Hu steadily refused to permit it to he used j | At lust, oiler trying every {[expedient without sue- 1 ’ cess, a third caucus was called ou (Saturday night. I procodiug what was generally understood to ho n ! final eflort*to election tho following Monday.— ! i In that caucus a committee of e>uc froiu vuuh Ju- j j diciul District v.as appointed to reeoinmond a ! plan of action, iu order to scout o an election at ! I the next joint meeting of the two houses, which j ; was to he held at 11 o'clock on Monday moruiug. j I The committee recointneuded that the names of j | Chappell. McAllister uud lvoraou, should be < . prefteuicl on Monday, aud that whoever of the I 1 I three should receive the highest vote on the first ! i j ballot, he should be considered the Nomine* of j | the party, and all others should bo dropped. | j This recommendation, was adopted by the cau- ! cus and it adjourned iu harmony fora iiualstrug- j j gle ou Monday. ! On the first ballot on that morning Judge Iver son received the largest vote, indeed his vote wa* | greater than tho joint vote of both the other gen- i j tloinuu. lie was tbcu the leyitimule nominee of j I the party, und was elected • the -Ith ballot, re j coiving every Deniowrutie vote except one. Judge j Iverson was present ou the oueuftiun, haviugreueh- I cd AlUtodgeviUc tho night before, and his presence , , doubtless oontrijnifod to hi* sueee**, and secured ! an election of Heuator by the Democratic party, at j thut session. • j This simple redial of facts, which rest* in the j memory of all the living actor* in the *cencs to j I which we refer, will shew thut in. man ever acted j j with better faith, or over obtained un election by t , more fair or honorable means, tliau ho whoso . i go<>d faith, integrity, und honor, it -is our pride und pleusure to defend uml admire. Judge Ivor- i sou wa* not, as ha* been said by some, a couipro- j mint caudiduto. lie was ail atailuil*. candidate, . and thu only man iu the Slate at the time, who ; could have been olectod. Hu had been all hi* | life a consistent Democrat; he hail served hi* j party long Mini faithfully; he wm* acknowledged . , to be a man of ability and a yeutlcman. He was I a favorite w ith litu Democratic party, and if he ! had been act aside, in the first caucus, it wa* be cause thu strong sympathy of thu party had bueu | excited for Gov. McDonald, growing out of hi* recent defeat by Gov. Cobb iu the election for Governor in 1851. Judge Iverson wu* in no wise responsible for McDonald's failure; nor wore any i of his friend*, lie did not uenrp Gov. McDon ald's .Senatorial office, a* ha* imeu so frequently and so unjustly charged, lie wu* clouted *tb nominee of the. parly, fairly and leg iLi ill dr, and was not brought forward und elected u* u compromise bid ween any two or more rival can ilidutc* or conflicting factious. How tbcu is lie. bound to retire ut the end of his term ? There win no understanding or Agreement at the lime of thi* election; on the other hand, all the cirauui- , stance* show that having obtaiui! hi* seat in the Senate fairly, he i* fairly euLiicd to hold i< dur ing another term, as a reward for the omiucut I ability, fidelity and patriotism, whi ‘i have thu* { fur distinguished hi* SdMtlori.il cm-ex.—Empire j State. A New SuuiHi rn Uook The undersigned propose* publishing, provided j he meet* with “utHcienl eocnurAjp incut, anew f work to be called “The Southern Literary Com jmUmL” The work will ta puhlinbed in hue style, i containing about three hundred pages and cuibcl- I lisbod with correct edeel engraved likenesses ot eminent Southern writers. A* it w ill oust u large : uiuoiinf of money to publish the proposed work, he will sell it only to sobiHtriburs. Those who wish the hook can give their names to the under j signed, and if u sufficient number i* obtained, the ‘ work will ta published ; if not, It will he declined. This is no humbug, but an humble effort to col- I lect, iu a neat volume, many a literary wolf of | rarest value, that otherwise must he lost. Among the collodions will ta found aniclo* from Wilde, | Simm*, Judge Meek, Mrs. liryitu, Jenny Wood- i bine and others, who have contributed greatly to ‘ tho promotion of Southern Literature. Terms, #•! per copy, payable ou delivery. Wo will be very thankful t< our brethren of the , press if they will call attention to -.ur proposed work and will, Iu the event wo huccoml in having | R usued, present each with a copy who way pub lish this prospectus. J. 0. (. BLACKBURN. Lumpkin, Ga. March 10, IH.iV. The Main Trunk. At a meeting of tho Board of Directors oftbe \ Atlantic A Gulf Railroad Coinpuuy, held iu Sa vannah on the fltli inst., the following resolutions j were adopted : Urea lad. That the enginocr be Instructed to ‘ nrepureestimates for grading the entire Hue of, lload from the AlUpaha to Ihiilihridgu. lleeulnd, That the President ho empowered to ! put under contract thirty miles of grading of tho road, east from Bninbridge, in such maimer a* he tuuy consider host, provided thut tho same duo* * not exceed the subscription of Docslur county, j Hr*at red further, That tho Fresh lout ta win* : powered to put under contract the grading of tha 1 entire line of the road from (he Allupuha to j Tbomasvilht, iu such manner and > such time as ( ho may deem host for the Interest of tho compa ny; and that A. T. Mclntyre ho autlmrud by the Board to receive pvoprosala for grading through Lowndes and Thomia counties. Progress of Krt c Trartc The governin’ nt of Canada has modified Its ta riff by a general reduction iu the rates of impost, and by the substitution of ad valorem for *pc ciflo imposts, It la not particularly creditable to Am rlcan enlightenment that wo ate meditating tht retrograde movement from Free-Trade to Protection. Canada is a quarter from whioh wo j toarctly expected tueuuuttou iotbe lUence nfpu* PSYBjFtt’eOLQUlTivrrditoM™ JAMES W. WARKfcH. \ JSOIWM * Number 15 litleal economy; but wc may profit by the lesßon | without rofereneo tu the authority of tho example. W hile tho w orld in progressing tho United Slates will take uo backward Washington Statin Important from Washlugtoa. | PerpatJie* from the SguaUrou off Uwa Crus—* Trial of Mr. Sickle*—Couim it tion tv Overhaul the .Vary Yard , dr. April 1. i The Navy Department receivea <U<*patctas to , day from t’apt. Juivis, of the frigate Savannah, “ft Vera t ruz. lie state* thut an engagement had ! taken place between Mimnion and the opposition | forcin', at a place called Monkey Pose, in which the former lad taeu repulsed and utterly routed; | with tho |.>** of between SOund 109 killed und . many wounded. The particulars are hot given, j it whs thought thi* detent would retard his movc -1 lueuts toward \ era i'ru/.,iind poaftihiy conqHd him j to abaudou his contemplated attack ou the latter I cif y- The UaMriet wore in session until lato this \q , ning. Xiie eubyeoi under consideration i* undcr un-d to have huun < ‘antral American affairs. Tho Northern Light Li might additional advices fn-m Gen liHiuai'.biVt nothing indicating that the Ousely treaty hud ncdii ratified. Tho aduiiiustration M dutiaclincd to bolievr that Onreley in his eporit ! (ions iias pluyod ffilse. iiis inetruotiom were laid | before our government immediately alter his de | parture lor (.'cutral America; and if he ha* e.\- | ccd,.,| them in any particular, he will ta called to I rigid account. Then tore, until the next Arrival I nothing, so far a* England in concerned, will ta | done. i'lr. Brady ha* been engaged tu-dny consulting with Counsel in (lie Sickle* ease, anil preparing I ibeir defence. They will ta prepared on the day of trial t< r any uud every onicrgeuey that may i arise. If the prosecution, as it i* alleged they , will, probe iiic matter to tho bottom, and inquire , iuto the anteuedvitta of Sickles and *oine ot hia prilicipid witnesses, the defence will ta fully pro- I pared |br them, for they havu subpoenaed a largo ■ number -if witnesses, who will ta mt tfio ground • luring the trial. “ I learn to-day that eminent counsel has been , oagagod to Aft.-i-it the District Attorney. Their umucH will not be known until thedav of trial Chief Justice Taney, together with a respect ah lo portion ot Mr. Key * family, arq averse to the em ployment of count'd, or making any undue effort in the prosacution of thi* case. Mr. Sickle*, tor tho last day or two, has been muHi depressed and low spirited, He cannot bear the idea of go ing into Court and listening to the revelations which will there he made public. Tne Secretary of tho Navy has appointed n Hoard of Naval Officers, consisting of Commodore Gregory, Captain Blake, Commanders Foote and fucker uml Lieutenant David I>. Porter, to visit tho various Navy A ards, examine into their con • iiiii. , n, uud ferret out any changes for their better anti more economical organization. They will } c,,n,,n enee with tlm New York yard, aud then visit 1 others iu succe*simi. Ihodix small sloops-of-wur now on the stocks at the various navy yards have taon named, by >rdcr of the Department, aa fullons: “'here Building. Naum of Steamer. Boston Narrnguiirtctt. Portsmouth Mohican. New \ork, Iroquois, IMiilndt lphia Wyoming A Pawnee Norfolk Dacotuh, I’wosaeohi: ..Seminole. Mare Islaud, (JaL, Saginaw. AY rn York Herald. Bucket Letters. \ The Augnin Constitutionalist, under the head ! “** Historical tjuestiou Settled,” contains a ! • •mmiuniewimn in exphinntioii of the origin id tho i term • munmoly used—Bucket Letter. The author oftbe first “Butbet Letter/’ wa* a j young talented uud facetious lawyer, residing in . Clinton, .'one* county, uud well known to the ! people of Middle Georgia, a* David 1. Holt.— I Holt wu* a warm Troop nmn in the motunruhla contest ot 1F25, and wiv* in Um habit of writing J long and frequent tetter* to (be then President of I the I . S„ John Quincy Adams, siguod Edward j Bucket. The letter* evinced so much talent, und dis played such thorough and accurate knowledge of the ‘lllo*l mu* discusned, thut the Prcsidaut'aeuri i o*ity was greatly excited to know the author.— , The eorr< spondenco wa* shown to member* of j • ongiess froiu Georgia, and upon investigation, • Da\id 1. Unit was arteertaiiH'd to botho nntbor. The red was .such a go ut one, that the im m i tar* ot Congress jot out thu whole story, and from that day to thi* the word Bucket Letter ia always 11 'ted ie deaeribc n letter signed by a nutco other than that of it* author. tel te* t Army Intilllgener. Capt ('ulliini, U ,S Military Engineer, has been assigned to the ehe.rgo of the completion of Fort Schuyler and couhiruciiun of the new works op posite to it, at Willett's Point, LL, designed to close to tin enemy, the sound, or eastern entrance to Now York Harbor, il is .present duties om braco the charge ot the couHtrnrtion of tho forti fication* tor the defence of Now Bedford, Muss., of Fort A dams, Newport, R 1, and of Forts Trum bull and Griswold, New London, Conn.; tho com pletion of ligbt-hotirto operations at Charleston. 8 (J., uml ooniiuuing tho uireoiiou of tbu important and Successful improvement of Muffil's Channel, leading into that harbor. Our City Improvements. Wc arc glad to *eo the old cabin recently occu pied by Messrs. Rotiiachild, on tjm corner opposite the brick More ul’ Mown. J J t G TGrnmibcrry, torn down to make Way for handsome brick build ing, to ta used as it store by Kendrick A Byrd.— Wc understood u new brick ware bouse will ha erected dm mg the ensuing summer, aud that Mr. Hardy w dl also build a brick grocery store on tha Un adjoining the ware-house, ou tho South. Gur merehoat* are preparing to do a Hnushing i bus.nos* this summer and fall. They have more | and liuer goods iu our city than ut auy funner period. Let all who want bargains, come to 1 America*. Gnr ware house men will be in readiness to | tnkc ware of everybody's cotton, and sell it at Ui# bc*i price* by the fall.- Amerieut South- Wettern AY i*. April 1. i Union is Authorized to announce that If on. Howell Cubb. .Secretary of the Treasury, baa been directed by the President of the Uni ted Stales to act us Attorney-General during tho temporary absence of lion. J. S. Block, tha Attorney-Gem ial, from tho sphere of his da ties. Throe Pkecs. I It i: j been currently stated that bogus three j wont pieces are <w plvuty a* tho genuine ones.— I A Binghamton (N. Y.) hanker addressed a letter .to tin’ Director of the i'hiJadclphia 3linton the 1 subject, and received the following answer, which i* of gcnoral intercet: “1 have acknowledge receipt of yoer let* ! ter of t lie 22d lust., ciicloSlug two three ceut pieces, which aro tat It genuine, bnt of different issues.— ’ W hen the three cent coin was first issued a wae required by law lota but 7YO tln usi.iulths’fine. When the law wa* ebunged (March 8,185 H.) and it was re<|tiircd to be Htruck in stuudurd ailrer, tlio saino aa the ether silver coins, it became nec essary to distinguish lire new issue, and for this , purpose a donhle line wiih engraved ou the dio j around the *tur*wi the obverse ; and within tb | letter i\ on the sessa—, there was added. ,tav§ the uuiucriual ///, a eprig of olivet, and tancath, ’ three anotc*. Many persons, in noticing tho dis- I I ere uce tatwren the two issues, suppose one or tho | other to bo spurious, winch oleum run is amistuko. There arc counterfeit throe cent pieces iu clr | •■illation, hut they are thiukor than the gonu- I I ne.” j S’ Mr. Buiith ri'Bricu is enjoying a most dc* 1 lightlul tour, and la everywhere received with j the respect ami admiration which his character and history iu*pm . Ho hua rlfUcd Senator Jiniu i inond'a plantation, ami “attended divine service | with the negroes/ tho service being conducted |by a co.orod hand. Lu company with i*viiator Toombs, be then visited Mr. Stephens at (.'raw* lordsvitle, thence proceeded t<* Montgomery, i where liii* arrival was eagerly awaited by many fricuds, aud especially by Judge l'hulan und R. A. Cob lough, lortuerlv of Wexford county)— tlieucc la* set out for Mobilu last Saturday; And lie prop ‘Kollo arrive in New Orleans about the first u Second of April.— Waeh. CVtisen. Calholh * of Richmond nro raising a very liberal übscripli*m for the erection of anew ohurob on 2tlth alreat, near Broad, (Church Bill.) A Proti stant gentleman, a few days ago subscribe ud |IOO to the undertaking. w., i